<SEC-DOCUMENT>0001213900-19-013446.txt : 20190724
<SEC-HEADER>0001213900-19-013446.hdr.sgml : 20190724
<ACCEPTANCE-DATETIME>20190724112610
ACCESSION NUMBER:		0001213900-19-013446
CONFORMED SUBMISSION TYPE:	S-1/A
PUBLIC DOCUMENT COUNT:		107
FILED AS OF DATE:		20190724
DATE AS OF CHANGE:		20190724

FILER:

	COMPANY DATA:	
		COMPANY CONFORMED NAME:			American BriVision (Holding) Corp
		CENTRAL INDEX KEY:			0001173313
		STANDARD INDUSTRIAL CLASSIFICATION:	PHARMACEUTICAL PREPARATIONS [2834]
		IRS NUMBER:				260014658
		STATE OF INCORPORATION:			NV
		FISCAL YEAR END:			1231

	FILING VALUES:
		FORM TYPE:		S-1/A
		SEC ACT:		1933 Act
		SEC FILE NUMBER:	333-228387
		FILM NUMBER:		19969791

	BUSINESS ADDRESS:	
		STREET 1:		44370 OLD WARM SPRINGS BLVD.
		CITY:			FREMONT
		STATE:			CA
		ZIP:			94538
		BUSINESS PHONE:		845-551-8728

	MAIL ADDRESS:	
		STREET 1:		44370 OLD WARM SPRINGS BLVD.
		CITY:			FREMONT
		STATE:			CA
		ZIP:			94538

	FORMER COMPANY:	
		FORMER CONFORMED NAME:	METU BRANDS, INC.
		DATE OF NAME CHANGE:	20150908

	FORMER COMPANY:	
		FORMER CONFORMED NAME:	ECOLOGY COATINGS, INC.
		DATE OF NAME CHANGE:	20080821

	FORMER COMPANY:	
		FORMER CONFORMED NAME:	Ecology Coatings, Inc.
		DATE OF NAME CHANGE:	20070711
</SEC-HEADER>
<DOCUMENT>
<TYPE>S-1/A
<SEQUENCE>1
<FILENAME>fs12018a3_americanbrivision.htm
<DESCRIPTION>AMENDMENT NO. 3 TO FORM S-1
<TEXT>
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<P STYLE="margin-top: 0; text-align: center; margin-bottom: 0; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> <B>As filed with the
Securities and Exchange Commission on July 24, 2019</B> </P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: right"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>Registration
No.&nbsp;333-228387</B></FONT></P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: right"></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; text-align: center; margin-bottom: 0pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 7pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>SECURITIES
AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION</B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>Washington,
D.C. 20549</B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 7pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"> <FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>Amendment
No. 3</B></FONT> </P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>To</B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>FORM
S-1</B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 7pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>REGISTRATION
STATEMENT </B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 7pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B><I>UNDER</I></B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B><I>THE
SECURITIES ACT OF 1933</I></B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 7pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>AMERICAN
BRIVISION (HOLDING) CORPORATION</B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>(Exact
name of registrant as specified in its charter)</B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 7pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<TABLE CELLSPACING="0" CELLPADDING="0" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse">
<TR STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: top; width: 32%; border-bottom: black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>Nevada</B></FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; width: 2%; text-align: center; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: top; width: 32%; border-bottom: black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>5084</B></FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; width: 2%; text-align: center; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: top; width: 32%; border-bottom: black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>26-0014658</B></FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: top; text-align: center; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>(State
    or other jurisdiction of</B></FONT><BR>
    <FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>incorporation or organization)</B></FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: center; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: top; text-align: center; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>(Primary
    Standard Industrial</B></FONT><BR>
    <FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>Classification Code Number)</B></FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: center; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>(I.R.S.
                                         Employer</B></FONT></P>
        <P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>Identification
        Number)</B></FONT></P></TD></TR>
</TABLE>
<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; text-align: center; margin-bottom: 0pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 7pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>44370
Old Warm Springs Blvd., </B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>Fremont,
CA 94538</B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>(845)
291-1291 </B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>(Address,
including zip code, and telephone number, including area code, of registrant&rsquo;s principal executive offices) </B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 7pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>Dr.
Howard Doong</B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>Chief
Executive Officer </B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>44370
Old Warm Springs Blvd., </B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>Fremont,
CA 94538</B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>(845)
291-1291- telephone</B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>(Name,
address, including zip code, and telephone number, including area code, of agent for service) </B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 7pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B><I>With
copies to:</I></B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 7pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<TABLE CELLSPACING="0" CELLPADDING="0" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse">
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="width: 50%; text-align: center; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>Jay
    Kaplowitz, Esq.</B></FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 50%; text-align: center; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>Louis
    Taubman, Esq.</B></FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: center; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>David
    Manno, Esq.</B></FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: center; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>Guillaume
    de Sampigny, Esq. </B></FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: center; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>Huan
    Lou, Esq.</B></FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: center; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>Hunter
    Taubman Fischer &amp; Li LLC </B></FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: center; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>Sichenzia
    Ross Ference LLP</B></FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: center; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>1450
    Broadway, 26th Floor </B></FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: center; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>1185
    Avenue of Americas, 37th Floor</B></FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: center; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>New
    York, New York 10018 </B></FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: center; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>New
    York, NY 10036</B></FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: center; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>(917)
    512-0827- telephone</B></FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: center; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>(212)
    930-9700&nbsp;&ndash;&nbsp;telephone</B></FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: center; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD></TR>
</TABLE>
<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 7pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>Approximate
date of commencement of proposed sale of the securities to the public: </B>As soon as practicable after this registration statement
is declared effective.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 7pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">If
any of the securities being registered on this Form are to be offered on a delayed or continuous basis pursuant to Rule 415 under
the Securities Act of 1933, check the following box.&nbsp;&#9746;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 7pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">If
this Form is filed to register additional securities for an offering pursuant to Rule 462(b) under the Securities Act, please
check the following box and list the Securities Act registration statement number of the earlier effective registration statement
for the same offering.&nbsp;&#9744;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 7pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">If
this Form is a post-effective amendment filed pursuant to Rule 462(c) under the Securities Act, check the following box and list
the Securities Act registration statement number of the earlier effective registration statement for the same offering.&nbsp;&#9744;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 7pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">If
this Form is a post-effective amendment filed pursuant to Rule 462(d) under the Securities Act, check the following box and list
the Securities Act registration statement number of the earlier effective registration statement for the same offering.&nbsp;&#9744;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 7pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Indicate
by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, smaller reporting
company, or an emerging growth company. See the definitions of &ldquo;large accelerated filer,&rdquo; &ldquo;accelerated filer,&rdquo;
&ldquo;smaller reporting company&rdquo; and &ldquo;emerging growth company&rdquo; in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 7pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<TABLE CELLSPACING="0" CELLPADDING="0" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse">
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="width: 20%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Large
    accelerated filer&nbsp;&#9744;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 18%; text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Accelerated
    filer&nbsp;&#9744;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 19%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Non-accelerated
filer&nbsp;&#9744;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 23%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Smaller
    reporting company&nbsp;&#9746;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 20%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Emerging
    growth company &#9744;</FONT></TD></TR>
</TABLE>
<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 7pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">If
an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for
complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 7(a)(2)(B) of the Securities Act.
&#9744;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 5pt">&nbsp;&nbsp;</FONT></P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>CALCULATION
OF REGISTRATION FEE</B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom">
    <TD STYLE="font-weight: bold; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; padding-left: 10pt; text-indent: -10pt">Title of Each Class
    of Securities to be Registered</TD><TD STYLE="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font-weight: bold; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid">Amount to be<BR>
    Registered(1)</TD><TD STYLE="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font-weight: bold; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid">Proposed<BR>
    Maximum<BR>
    Offering<BR>
    Price Per<BR>
    Share(2)</TD><TD STYLE="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font-weight: bold; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid">Proposed<BR>
    Maximum<BR>
    Aggregate<BR>
    Offering<BR>
    Price(6)</TD><TD STYLE="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font-weight: bold; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid">Amount of<BR>
    Registration<BR>
    Fee(3)</TD><TD STYLE="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="width: 52%; padding-left: 10pt; text-indent: -10pt">Shares of Series A Convertible Preferred Stock, $0.001 par
    value per share</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 1%; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="width: 9%; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 1%; text-align: left">$</TD><TD STYLE="width: 9%; text-align: right">7.00</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 1%; text-align: left">$</TD><TD STYLE="width: 9%; text-align: right">23,000,000</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 1%; text-align: left">$</TD><TD STYLE="width: 9%; text-align: right">2,787.60</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; padding-left: 10pt; text-indent: -10pt">Shares of Common Stock, par value $0.001 per share,
    issuable upon conversion of the Series A Convertible Preferred Stock (4)</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">N/A</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">N/A</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">N/A</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; padding-left: 10pt; text-indent: -10pt">Underwriter Warrants (5)</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">N/A</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">N/A</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">N/A</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="text-indent: -10pt; padding-left: 10pt">Shares of Common Stock, par value $ .001 per share underlying Underwriter
    Warrants</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right">&mdash;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">$</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right">N/A</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left"></TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">$</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right">1,610,000</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">$</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right">195.13</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="font-weight: bold; text-align: left; padding-left: 0.25in; text-indent: -10pt">Total Registration Fee</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">$</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right">24,610,000</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">$</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right">2,982.73</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
</TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<TABLE CELLSPACING="0" CELLPADDING="0" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse">
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="white-space: nowrap; width: 25px; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(1)</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Pursuant to Rule
    416(a) of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, this Registration Statement also covers any additional shares of Series
    A Convertible Preferred Stock which may become issuable to prevent dilution from stock splits, stock dividends and similar
    events.</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="white-space: nowrap; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(2)</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Pursuant to Rule
    457(c) of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, calculated on the basis of the proposed maximum aggregate offering price.</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="white-space: nowrap; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(3)</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The registration
    fee for securities to be offered by the Registrant is based on an estimate of the proposed maximum aggregate offering price
    of the securities and includes the additional securities to be sold should the Underwriter exercise its option to increase
    the maximum number of securities to be offered, and such estimate is solely for the purpose of calculating the registration
    fee pursuant to Rule 457(o). The registration fee has been paid.</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="white-space: nowrap; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(4)</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">No fee pursuant
    to Rule 457(i) under the Securities Act.</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="white-space: nowrap; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(5)</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">We have agreed
    to issue warrants, exercisable in whole or in part, commencing on the closing date of the offering contemplated in this
    registration     statement and expiring on the five-year anniversary thereof, representing 7% of the number of shares of
    Common Stock to be     issued upon conversion of the Series A Preferred Stock issued in the offering (the &ldquo;Underwriter
    Warrants&rdquo;) to Boustead     Securities LLC&nbsp;(the &ldquo;Underwriter&rdquo;). The Underwriter Warrants are
    exercisable at a per share strike price     equal to the Series A Convertible Preferred Stock public offering price. Resales
    of the     Underwriter Warrants on a delayed or continuous basis pursuant to Rule 415 under the Securities Act of 1933, as
    amended, are     registered hereby. Resales of shares issuable upon exercise of the Underwriter Warrants are also being
    similarly registered     on a delayed or continuous basis hereby. See &ldquo;Underwriting.&rdquo; In accordance with Rule
    457(g) under the Securities     Act, because the shares of Common Stock underlying the Underwriter Warrants are registered
    hereby, no separate registration     fee is required with respect to the Underwriter Warrants registered
    hereby.</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="white-space: nowrap; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(6)</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Includes the
    additional securities to be sold should the Underwriter exercise its option to increase the maximum number of securities to
    be offered</FONT></TD></TR>
</TABLE>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>The
Registrant hereby amends this registration statement on such date or dates as may be necessary to delay its effective date until
the Registrant shall file a further amendment that specifically states that this registration statement shall thereafter become
effective in accordance with Section 8(a) of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, or until the registration statement shall
become effective on such date as the Securities and Exchange Commission, acting pursuant to said Section 8(a), may determine.</B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;&nbsp;</FONT></P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"></P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt; color: Red"><B>The
information in this prospectus is not complete and may be changed. We may not sell these securities until the registration statement
filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission is effective. This prospectus is not an offer to sell and is not soliciting
an offer to buy these securities in any jurisdiction where the offer or sale is not permitted.</B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt; color: Red"><B>&nbsp;</B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: center"> <FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt; color: Red"><B>SUBJECT
TO COMPLETION, DATED July 24, 2019</B></FONT> </P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>PRELIMINARY
PROSPECTUS</B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: center"><IMG SRC="img_001.jpg" ALT=""></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>Minimum
Offering: 1,428,571 Shares of Series A Convertible Preferred Stock</B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>Convertible
into 1,428,571 Shares of Common Stock</B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>&nbsp;</B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: center"> <FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>Maximum
Offering: 3,285,714 Shares of Series A Convertible Preferred Stock</B></FONT> </P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: center"> <FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>Convertible
into 3,285,714 Shares of Common Stock</B></FONT> </P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>&nbsp;</B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: center"></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"> This is a &ldquo;best efforts&rdquo;
public offering of securities of American BriVision (Holding) Corporation (referred to herein as &ldquo;we&rdquo;, &ldquo;us&rdquo;,
&ldquo;our&rdquo;, &ldquo;ABVC&rdquo;, &ldquo;Registrant&rdquo;, or the &ldquo;Company&rdquo;). We are selling a minimum of 1,428,571
and a maximum of 3,285,714 shares of Series A Convertible Preferred Stock, par value $0.001 per share (the &ldquo;Series A Preferred
Stock&rdquo;) for an aggregate of $10,000,000 dollars at minimum and $23,000,000 dollars at maximum. </P>



<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Subject
to the laws of Nevada, we will pay cumulative dividends on the Series A Convertible Preferred Stock on each anniversary from
the date of original issue for a period of four calendar years. We will reserve twenty percent (20%) of the fund raised from
this offering (the &ldquo;Dividend Reserve&rdquo;) in an escrow account (the &ldquo;Escrow Account&rdquo;) maintained by
Sutter Securities Clearing, LLC (the &ldquo;Escrow Agent&rdquo;) and distribute five percent (5%) of the Dividend Reserve in
cash at each anniversary for four years to each holder of Series A Convertible Preferred Stock. The Series A Convertible
Preferred Stock will rank senior to our outstanding common stock, par value $0.001 (the &ldquo;Common Stock&rdquo;) with
respect to dividend rights, rights upon liquidation, dissolution or winding up in the amount of accrued but unpaid dividend.
Holders of the Series A Convertible Preferred Stock will have the same voting rights as our Common Stock holders. Each share
of Series A Convertible Preferred Stock is initially convertible at any time at the option of the holder into one share of
Common Stock and automatically converts into one share of Common Stock on the four-year anniversary of its
issuance.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"> Our Common Stock is quoted on the OTC
Markets under the symbol &ldquo;ABVC.&rdquo; On July 15, 2019, the last reported sale price per share of our Common Stock was
$10.00. The recent market price of our Common Stock set forth herein will not be used to determine the offering price of the Series
A Convertible Preferred Stock. There is no established public market for the Series A Convertible Preferred Stock. The offering
price of the Series A Convertible Preferred Stock will be arbitrarily determined and will not necessarily bear any relationship
to our assets, results of operations, or book value, or to any other generally accepted criteria of valuation. The offering price
is determined through negotiations with the underwriters. The underwriters and the Company have set $7.00 per share for the offering
price, which will be finalized prior to closing of the offering. We intend to list both our Common Stock and Series A Convertible
Preferred Stock on the Nasdaq Stock Market (&ldquo;Nasdaq&rdquo;). The Common Stock will be traded under the same symbol and the
Series A Convertible Preferred Stock will be traded under the symbol &ldquo;[&#9679;]&rdquo;, subject to Nasdaq approval. Currently
there is no established public trading market for either our Common Stock or Series A Convertible Preferred Stock and the prices
quoted on the OTCQB may not be indicative of the market price of our Common Stock or Series A Convertible Preferred Stock on Nasdaq.
If the application to Nasdaq is approved, trading of our Common Stock and Series A Convertible Preferred Stock is expected to
begin within five (5) days after the date of issuance of the Series A Convertible Preferred Stock registered herein. We cannot
assure you that either of our application to list the Common Stock or Series A Convertible Preferred Stock will be approved; however,
we will not complete this offering without a listing approval letter of our Series A Convertible Preferred Stock and Common Stock
from Nasdaq. </P>



<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"></P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Boustead
Securities, LLC (&ldquo;Boustead&rdquo; or the &ldquo;Underwriter&rdquo;) has agreed to act as our exclusive underwriter to offer
shares of Series A Convertible Preferred Stock to prospective investors on a best efforts basis. The Underwriter is not purchasing
any shares of Series A Convertible Preferred Stock offered by us and is required to sell at least $10,000,000 of Series A Convertible
Preferred Stock in the offering for this offering to close. In connection with the sale of the Series A Convertible Preferred
Stock, Boustead will be deemed to be an &ldquo;underwriter&rdquo; within the meaning of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended,
or &ldquo;Securities Act,&rdquo; and the compensation of Boustead will be deemed to be underwriting commissions.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
offering will terminate at the earlier of (i) the date at which $23,000,000 of Series A Convertible Preferred Stock has been sold;
(ii) the date on which this offering is terminated by the Company in its sole discretion; or (iii) one hundred and eighty (180)
days from the effectiveness of this Registration Statement. Until the offering terminates, the proceeds of the offering will be
held in the offering deposit account (&ldquo;Offering Deposit Account&rdquo;) and FinTech Clearing, LLC will serve as the Deposit
Account Agent.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">You
should read this prospectus, together with additional information described under the headings &ldquo;Incorporation of Certain
Information by Reference&rdquo; and &ldquo;Where You Can Find More Information&rdquo;, carefully before you invest in any of our
securities.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>&nbsp;</B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>Investing
in our securities involves a high degree of risk. See &ldquo;Risk Factors&rdquo; starting on page 11 of this prospectus.</B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>&nbsp;</B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>Neither
the Securities and Exchange Commission nor any state securities commission has approved or disapproved of these securities or
determined if this prospectus is truthful or complete. Any representation to the contrary is a criminal offense.</B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>&nbsp;</B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><B></B></FONT></P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom">
    <TD> <B>&nbsp;</B> </TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> <B>&nbsp;</B> </TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid"> <B>Number&nbsp;of&nbsp;Shares&nbsp;of Series
    A<BR> &nbsp;Convertible Preferred Stock<BR> Offered by&nbsp;Us</B> </TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> <B>&nbsp;</B> </TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> <B>&nbsp;</B> </TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid"> <B>Public<BR> Offering<BR> Price&nbsp;per&nbsp;Share</B> </TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> <B>&nbsp;</B> </TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> <B>&nbsp;</B> </TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid"> <B>Total&nbsp;Initial<BR> Public<BR> Offering<BR>
    Price</B> </TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> <B>&nbsp;</B> </TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> <B>&nbsp;</B> </TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid"> <B>Underwriting<BR> Commissions (1)</B> </TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> <B>&nbsp;</B> </TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> <B>&nbsp;</B> </TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid"> <B>Proceeds&nbsp;to Our<BR> Company Before<BR>
    Expenses and<BR> Dividend Reserve</B> </TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> <B>&nbsp;</B> </TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="width: 40%"> <B>Minimum</B> </TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%"> &nbsp; </TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 1%; text-align: left"> &nbsp; </TD><TD STYLE="width: 9%; text-align: right"> 1,428,571 </TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; text-align: left"> &nbsp; </TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%"> &nbsp; </TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 1%; text-align: left"> $ </TD><TD STYLE="width: 9%; text-align: right"> 7.00 </TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; text-align: left"> &nbsp; </TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%"> &nbsp; </TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 1%; text-align: left"> $ </TD><TD STYLE="width: 9%; text-align: right"> 10,000,000 </TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; text-align: left"> &nbsp; </TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%"> &nbsp; </TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 1%; text-align: left"> $ </TD><TD STYLE="width: 9%; text-align: right"> 700,000 </TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; text-align: left"> &nbsp; </TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%"> &nbsp; </TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 1%; text-align: left"> $ </TD><TD STYLE="width: 9%; text-align: right"> 9,300,000 </TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; text-align: left"> &nbsp; </TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD> <B>Maximum</B> </TD><TD> &nbsp; </TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left"> &nbsp; </TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right"> 3,285,714 </TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left"> &nbsp; </TD><TD> &nbsp; </TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left"> &nbsp; </TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right"> 7.00 </TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left"> &nbsp; </TD><TD> &nbsp; </TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left"> $ </TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right"> 23,000,000 </TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left"> &nbsp; </TD><TD> &nbsp; </TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left"> $ </TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right"> 1,610,000 </TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left"> &nbsp; </TD><TD> &nbsp; </TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left"> &nbsp; </TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right"> 21,390,000 </TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left"> &nbsp; </TD></TR>
</TABLE>



<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>&nbsp;</B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"> Delivery of the shares of our Series
A Convertible Preferred Stock is expected to be made on or about ___, 2019. </P>



<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt; background-color: white">(1)
We have agreed to issue warrants, exercisable in whole or in part, commencing on the closing date of the offering contemplated
in this registration statement and expiring on the five-year anniversary thereof, representing 7% of the number of shares of Common
Stock to be issued upon conversion of the Series A Preferred Stock issued in the offering to the Underwriter. For a description
of other terms of the Underwriter Warrants and a description of the other compensation to be received by the Underwriter, please
see &ldquo;Underwriting&rdquo; beginning on page 113.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
date of this prospectus is ______, 2019</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: center"><IMG SRC="img_002.jpg" ALT=""></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><B>&nbsp;</B></FONT></P>


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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>TABLE
OF CONTENTS</B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>



<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
<TR STYLE="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; padding-top: 0in; padding-bottom: 0pt; padding-left: 0in; width: 93%"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B><A HREF="#a_001">PROSPECTUS CONVENTIONS</A></B></FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 1%">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 6%; text-align: center">ii</TD>
    </TR>
<TR STYLE="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; padding-top: 0in; padding-bottom: 0in; padding-left: 0in; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><A HREF="#a_002"><B>INDUSTRY AND MARKET DATA</B></A></FONT></TD>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: center">ii</TD>
    </TR>
<TR STYLE="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; padding-top: 0in; padding-bottom: 0in; padding-left: 0in; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B><A HREF="#a_003">MERGERS</A></B></FONT></TD>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: center">iii</TD>
    </TR>
<TR STYLE="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; padding-top: 0in; padding-bottom: 0in; padding-left: 0in; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B><A HREF="#a_004">PROSPECTUS SUMMARY</A></B></FONT></TD>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: center">1</TD>
    </TR>
<TR STYLE="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; padding-top: 0in; padding-bottom: 0in; padding-left: 0in; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B><A HREF="#a_005">THE OFFERING</A></B></FONT></TD>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: center">6</TD>
    </TR>
<TR STYLE="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; padding-top: 0in; padding-bottom: 0in; padding-left: 0in; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B><A HREF="#a_006">SELECTED UNAUDITED PRO FORMA CONDENSED COMBINED FINANCIAL INFORMATION</A></B></FONT></TD>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: center">8</TD>
    </TR>
<TR STYLE="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; padding-top: 0in; padding-bottom: 0in; padding-left: 0in; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B><A HREF="#a_007">RISK FACTORS</A></B></FONT></TD>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: center">11</TD>
    </TR>
<TR STYLE="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; padding-top: 0in; padding-bottom: 0in; padding-left: 0in; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B><A HREF="#a_008">SPECIAL NOTE REGARDING FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS</A></B></FONT></TD>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: center">32</TD>
    </TR>
<TR STYLE="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; padding-top: 0in; padding-bottom: 0in; padding-left: 0in; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B><A HREF="#a_009">USE OF PROCEEDS</A></B></FONT></TD>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: center">34</TD>
    </TR>
<TR STYLE="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; padding-top: 0in; padding-bottom: 0in; padding-left: 0in; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B><A HREF="#a_010">DIVIDEND POLICY</A></B></FONT></TD>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: center">35</TD>
    </TR>
<TR STYLE="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; padding-top: 0in; padding-bottom: 0in; padding-left: 0in; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B><A HREF="#a_011">CAPITALIZATION</A></B></FONT></TD>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: center">36</TD>
    </TR>
<TR STYLE="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; padding-top: 0in; padding-bottom: 0in; padding-left: 0in; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B><A HREF="#a_012">DILUTION</A></B></FONT></TD>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: center">37</TD>
    </TR>
<TR STYLE="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; padding-top: 0in; padding-bottom: 0in; padding-left: 0in; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B><A HREF="#a_013">MANAGEMENT&rsquo;S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS&nbsp;OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS</A></B></FONT></TD>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: center">38</TD>
    </TR>
<TR STYLE="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; padding-top: 0in; padding-bottom: 0in; padding-left: 0in; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B><A HREF="#a_014">BIOLITE&rsquo;S MANAGEMENT&rsquo;S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS</A></B></FONT></TD>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: center">52</TD>
    </TR>
<TR STYLE="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; padding-top: 0in; padding-bottom: 0in; padding-left: 0in; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B><A HREF="#a_015">BIOKEY&rsquo;S MANAGEMENT&rsquo;S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS</A></B></FONT></TD>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: center">66</TD>
    </TR>
<TR STYLE="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; padding-top: 0in; padding-bottom: 0in; padding-left: 0in; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B><A HREF="#a_016">BUSINESS</A></B></FONT></TD>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: center">75</TD>
    </TR>
<TR STYLE="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; padding-top: 0in; padding-bottom: 0in; padding-left: 0in; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B><A HREF="#a_017">MANAGEMENT</A></B></FONT></TD>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: center">91</TD>
    </TR>
<TR STYLE="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; padding-top: 0in; padding-bottom: 0in; padding-left: 0in; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B><A HREF="#a_018">EXECUTIVE COMPENSATION</A></B></FONT></TD>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: center">95</TD>
    </TR>
<TR STYLE="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; padding-top: 0in; padding-bottom: 0in; padding-left: 0in; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>OUTSTANDING
    EQUITY AWARDS AT FISCAL&nbsp;YEAR-END</B></FONT></TD>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: center">&nbsp;</TD>
    </TR>
<TR STYLE="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; padding-top: 0in; padding-bottom: 0in; padding-left: 0in; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B><A HREF="#a_019">SECURITY OWNERSHIP OF CERTAIN BENEFICIAL OWNERS AND MANAGEMENT</A></B></FONT></TD>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: center">97</TD>
    </TR>
<TR STYLE="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; padding-top: 0in; padding-bottom: 0in; padding-left: 0in; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B><A HREF="#a_020">UNAUDITED CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED COMBINED PRO FORMA FINANCIAL INFORMATION</A></B></FONT></TD>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: center">98</TD>
    </TR>
<TR STYLE="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; padding-top: 0in; padding-bottom: 0in; padding-left: 0in; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B><A HREF="#a_021">RELATED PARTY TRANSACTIONS OF DIRECTORS AND EXECUTIVE OFFICERS OF THE COMBINED COMPANY</A></B></FONT></TD>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: center">104</TD>
    </TR>
<TR STYLE="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; padding-top: 0in; padding-bottom: 0in; padding-left: 0in; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B><A HREF="#a_022">DESCRIPTION OF SECURITIES</A></B></FONT></TD>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: center">107</TD>
    </TR>
<TR STYLE="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; padding-top: 0in; padding-bottom: 0in; padding-left: 0in; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B><A HREF="#a_023">SHARES ELIGIBLE FOR FUTURE SALE</A></B></FONT></TD>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: center">111</TD>
    </TR>
<TR STYLE="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; padding-top: 0in; padding-bottom: 0in; padding-left: 0in; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B><A HREF="#a_024">UNDERWRITING</A></B></FONT></TD>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: center">113</TD>
    </TR>
<TR STYLE="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; padding-top: 0in; padding-bottom: 0in; padding-left: 0in; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B><A HREF="#a_025">LEGAL MATTERS</A></B></FONT></TD>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: center">119</TD>
    </TR>
<TR STYLE="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; padding-top: 0in; padding-bottom: 0in; padding-left: 0in; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B><A HREF="#a_026">EXPERTS</A></B></FONT></TD>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: center">119</TD>
    </TR>
<TR STYLE="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; padding-top: 0in; padding-bottom: 0in; padding-left: 0in; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B><A HREF="#a_027">WHERE YOU CAN FIND MORE INFORMATION</A></B></FONT></TD>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: center">119</TD>
    </TR>
</TABLE>
<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">You
should rely only on the information contained in this prospectus or in any free writing prospectus that we may specifically authorize
to be delivered or made available to you. We and our Underwriter have not authorized anyone to provide you with any information
other than that contained in this prospectus or in any free writing prospectus we may authorize to be delivered or made available
to you. We take no responsibility for, and can provide no assurance as to the reliability of, any other information that others
may give you. This prospectus may only be used where it is legal to offer and sell our securities. The information in this prospectus
is accurate only as of the date of this prospectus, regardless of the time of delivery of this prospectus or any sale of our securities.
Our business, financial condition, results of operations and prospects may have changed since that date. We are not making an
offer of these securities in any jurisdiction where the offer is not permitted.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Unless
the context otherwise requires, the terms &ldquo;ABVC,&rdquo; &ldquo;we,&rdquo; &ldquo;us&rdquo; and &ldquo;our&rdquo; in this
prospectus refer to American BriVision (Holding) Corporation, and &ldquo;this offering&rdquo; refers to the offering contemplated
in this prospectus.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>


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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><B><A NAME="a_001"></A>PROSPECTUS
CONVENTIONS</B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: center; background-color: white"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Except
where the context otherwise requires and for purposes of this prospectus only:&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&ldquo;Common
Stock&rdquo; is the Common Stock of American BriVision (Holding) Corporation, par value US$0.001 per share;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&ldquo;Series
A Convertible Preferred Stock&rdquo; is the Series A convertible preferred stock of American BriVision (Holding) Corporation,
par value US$0.001 per share;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&ldquo;APR&rdquo;
or &ldquo;annual percentage rate&rdquo; refers to the annual rate that is charged to borrowers, including a fixed interest rate
and a transaction fee rate, expressed as a single percentage number that represents the actual yearly cost of borrowing over the
life of a loan;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
terms &ldquo;we,&rdquo; &ldquo;us,&rdquo; &ldquo;our,&rdquo; &ldquo;the Company,&rdquo; &ldquo;our Company&rdquo; or &ldquo;ABVC&rdquo;
refers to American BriVision (Holding) Corporation, a Nevada corporation, and all of the Subsidiaries as defined herein unless
the context specifies;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
&ldquo;Board&rdquo; or &ldquo;Board of Directors&rdquo; refers to the board of directors of the Company including the new directors
appointed as a result of the Merger which closed on February 8, 2019;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&ldquo;Subsidiary&rdquo;
or &ldquo;Subsidiaries,&rdquo; refer to American BriVision Corporation, sometimes referred to as &ldquo;BriVision&rdquo;, BioLite
Holding, Inc. or BioLite and BioKey, Inc. or BioKey;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">American
BriVision Corporation refers to a Delaware corporation and wholly-owned subsidiary of ABVC;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">BioLite
means BioLite Holding, Inc. refers to a Nevada corporation and a wholly-owned subsidiary of ABVC;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">BioKey
means BioKey, Inc. refers to a California corporation and wholly-owned subsidiary of ABVC;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">BioLite
Acquisition Corp. or Merger Sub 1 refers to a Nevada corporation, which was a direct wholly-owned subsidiary of ABVC prior to
the completion of the Mergers;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">BioKey
Acquisition Corp. or Merger Sub 2, refers to a California corporation, which was a direct wholly-owned subsidiary of ABVC prior
to the completion of the Mergers;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
Merger Agreement means the Agreement and Plan of Merger dated as of January 31, 2018, pursuant to which the Company, BioLite,
BioKey, Merger Sub 1, and Merger Sub 2 completed a business combination on February 8, 2019 where ABVC acquired BioLite and BioKey
via the issuance of additional shares of Common Stock to the shareholders of BioLite and BioKey;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&ldquo;China&rdquo;,
&ldquo;mainland China&rdquo; and &ldquo;P.R.C.&rdquo; refer to the People&rsquo;s Republic of China, excluding Taiwan, Hong Kong
or Macau for purposes of this prospectus;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&ldquo;R.O.C.&rdquo;
or &ldquo;Taiwan&rdquo; refers to Taiwan, the Republic of China;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">All
references to &ldquo;NTD&rdquo; and &ldquo;New Taiwan Dollars&rdquo; are to the legal currency of R.O.C.; and</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">All
references to &ldquo;U.S. dollars&rdquo;, &ldquo;dollars&rdquo;, and &ldquo;$&rdquo; are to the legal currency of the U.S.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">This
prospectus specifies certain NTD amounts and in parenthesis the approximate U.S. dollar amounts at the exchange rate on the date
of this prospectus. The conversion rates regarding NTD and U.S. dollars are subject to change and, therefore, we can provide no
assurance that U.S. dollar amounts specified in this prospectus will not change.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">For
clarification, this prospectus follows English naming convention of first name followed by last name, regardless of whether an
individual&rsquo;s name is Chinese or English.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B><A NAME="a_002"></A>INDUSTRY
AND MARKET DATA</B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: center; background-color: white"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">This
prospectus includes information with respect to market and industry conditions and market share from third-party sources or based
upon estimates using such sources when available. We have not, directly or indirectly, sponsored or participated in the publication
of any of such materials. We believe that such information and estimates are reasonable and reliable. We also assume the information
extracted from publications of third-party sources has been accurately reproduced. We understand that the Company would be liable
for the information included in this prospectus if any part of the information was incorrect, misleading or imprecise to a material
extent.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>


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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B><A NAME="a_003"></A>MERGERS</B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">As
disclosed in a registration statement on <A HREF="http://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/1173313/000121390018009520/fs42018_americanbrivision.htm">Form S-4</A> filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission (the &ldquo;SEC&rdquo;) on
July 23, 2018, as amended from time to time, the Company, BioLite Holding, Inc. (&ldquo;BioLite&rdquo;), BioKey, Inc. (&ldquo;BioKey&rdquo;),
BioLite Acquisition Corp., a direct wholly-owned subsidiary of the Company (&ldquo;Merger Sub 1&rdquo;), and BioKey Acquisition
Corp., a direct wholly-owned subsidiary of the Company (&ldquo;Merger Sub 2&rdquo;) were in the process of completing a business
combination pursuant to the Agreement and Plan of Merger (the &ldquo;Merger Agreement&rdquo;) dated as of January 31, 2018 where
ABVC would acquire BioLite and BioKey via the issuance of additional shares of Common Stock of ABVC to the shareholders of BioLite
and BioKey.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">On
February 8, 2019, the parties of the Merger Agreement consummated the merger transactions. Pursuant to the terms of the Merger
Agreement, BioLite and BioKey became two wholly-owned subsidiaries of the Company on February 8, 2019. The Company issued an aggregate
of 104,558,777 shares (prior to the stock reverse split) of Common Stock as consideration to the shareholders of BioLite and BioKey
pursuant to the registration statement (the &ldquo;Registration Statement on S-4&rdquo;) on <A HREF="http://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/1173313/000121390019000796/fs42018a3_americanbrivision.htm">Form S-4</A> Amendment No. 3 filed with
the SEC on January 16, 2019 which became effective by operation of law on or about February 5, 2019.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>


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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B><A NAME="a_004"></A>PROSPECTUS
SUMMARY</B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><I>This
summary highlights information contained elsewhere in this prospectus and does not contain all of the information that you should
consider in making your investment decision. Before investing in our securities, you should carefully read this entire prospectus,
including our&nbsp;financial statements and the related notes and the information set forth under the headings &ldquo;Risk Factors&rdquo;
and &ldquo;Management&rsquo;s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations&rdquo; in each case included
elsewhere in this prospectus.</I></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>Company
Overview</B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">ABVC
is a clinical stage biopharmaceutical company focused on utilizing its licensed technology to (i) further the development of pharmaceutical
products with focuses on cancer and central nervous system (&ldquo;CNS&rdquo;) indications and medical devices for eye indications,
(ii) seek regulatory approvals for their drug and medical device candidates, (iii) after receiving necessary regulatory approval,
collaborate with selected pharmaceutical companies to commercialize such pharmaceutical products in various markets, and (iv)
provide pharmaceutical and nutraceutical services. ABVC&rsquo;s business model includes the following stages: 1) engaging qualified
medical research institutions to conduct clinical trials of translational drug candidates for Proof of Concept (&ldquo;POC&rdquo;)
on behalf of the Company; 2) retaining ownership of the research results by the Company, and 3) out-licensing the research results
and data to qualified pharmaceutical companies that will develop its research results to commercially ready pharmaceutical products.
The Company currently concentrates on, among other things, clinical research and development of six new drug candidates and one
Class III medical device, which collectively constitute its primary business operations and research projects. As of the date
of this prospectus, the Company has not generated substantial revenue from its research and development of new drugs and medical
devices. The six new drug candidates were licensed from BioLite, Inc. (&ldquo;BioLite Taiwan&rdquo;), a company formed in Taiwan
that is a subsidiary of BioLite Holding, Inc. (&ldquo;BioLite&rdquo;), a wholly-owned subsidiary of the Company. The six new drug
candidates under our development are named as follows: ABV-1504 for the treatment of Major Depressive Disorder, ABV-1505 to treat
Attention-Deficit Hyperactivity Disease, ABV-1501 for the treatment of Triple Negative Breast Cancer, ABV-1703 for the treatment
of Pancreatic Cancer, ABV-1702 to treat Myelodysplastic syndromes, and ABV-1601 Depression in Cancer Patients. The Class III medical
device was licensed from and codeveloped with BioFirst Corporation (&ldquo;BioFirst&rdquo;), a company formed under the laws of
Taiwan, and a related party to the Company. The internal name of ABVC&rsquo;s Class III medical device is ABV-1701 Vitargus for
the treatments of Retinal Detachment or Vitreous Hemorrhage. ABV-1701 is being co-developed by the Company and BioFirst and the
research data, intellectual property and licensing revenue generated from the collaboration will be shared equally between the
Company and BioFirst. The Company and BioFirst have the sole license to develop and commercialize ABV-1701 by the end of 2030.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">BioLite
is a clinical stage pharmaceutical company focused on translational research of botanical and natural active pharmaceutical ingredients
(&ldquo;API&rdquo;) based products in the fields of central nervous system, oncology/ hematology and autoimmune diseases. Because
BioLite believes natural substances have many healing powers, BioLite focuses its research resources to the development of botanical
products, which include plant materials, algae, macroscopic fungi and combinations thereof. BioLite mostly uses traditional cultivation,
fermentation and purification techniques, excluding genetic modifications, to process the active natural constituents of its drug
candidates. Its operational activities primarily focus on researching and developing novel botanical and natural drugs utilizing
scientific methodology and approaches in compliance with the procedures and protocols prescribed by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration
(the &ldquo;FDA&rdquo;). BioLite&rsquo;s primary operations are located in Taiwan.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">BioKey,
Inc., a California corporation and wholly-owned subsidiary of the Company, (&ldquo;BioKey&rdquo;), is a specialty pharmaceutical
company that has two main business lines: i) platform-based control release technology of active pharmaceutical ingredients and
ii) integrated pharmaceutical services, such as clinical research contracting services, generic drug development, drug manufacturing
and related pharmaceutical consulting. BioKey&rsquo;s core expertise is the application of its proprietary oral control release
technology to develop generic and branded pharmaceuticals and nutraceuticals. BioKey has four abbreviated new drug applications
(&ldquo;ANDA&rdquo;s) approved by the FDA and more than ten generic and ANDA product candidates in the pipeline. In addition,
BioKey provides integrated pharmaceutical services, including analytical services and pharmaceutical and nutraceutical product
development and manufacturing.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

</DIV>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"></FONT></P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Upon
closing of the Mergers on February 8, 2019, both BioLite and BioKey have become two wholly-owned subsidiaries of ABVC and became
integrated into our three strategic business units (&ldquo;SBUs&rdquo;), which are the New Drug Development SBU, the Innovative
Medical Devices SBU and the CDMO SBU. The following chart illustrates the current corporate structure of ABVC:</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0; text-align: center"></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0; text-align: center"><IMG SRC="img_003.jpg" ALT="" STYLE="width: 450px; height: 336px">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>Our
Mission</B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">We
devote our resources to building a sophisticated biotech company and becoming a pioneer in the biopharmaceutical industry in the
U.S. and Taiwan with a global vision. Dr. Howard Doong, our Chief Executive Officer, and Dr. Tsung-Shann Jiang, the founder and
majority shareholder of the Company, understand the challenges and opportunities of the biotech industry in Taiwan and the U.S.
ABVC&rsquo;s mission is to provide therapeutic solutions to significant unmet medical needs and to improve health and quality
of human life by developing innovative botanical drugs to treat central nervous system (&ldquo;CNS&rdquo;), oncology/ hematology
and eye diseases.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>Recent
Developments</B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>&nbsp;</B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B><I>Collaborative
Agreement</I></B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B><I>&nbsp;</I></B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">On
July 24, 2017, American BriVision Corporation (&ldquo;BriVision&rdquo;), a wholly-owned subsidiary of ABVC, entered into an agreement
with BioFirst (the &ldquo;BioFirst Agreement&rdquo;), pursuant to which BioFirst granted BriVision the global license to co-develop
ABV-1701 Vitreous Substitute for Vitrectomy for medical use. BioFirst is a related party to ABVC because BioFirst and YuanGene
Corporation (&ldquo;YuanGene&rdquo;), ABVC&rsquo;s controlling shareholder, are under the common control of the controlling beneficiary
shareholder of YuanGene.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"> According to the BioFirst Agreement,
ABVC and BriVision agreed to co-develop and commercialize ABV-1701 with BioFirst and ABVC agreed to pay BioFirst $3,000,000
in cash or Common Stock on or before September 30, 2018 in two installments. BioFirst is also entitled to receive 50% of the
future net licensing income or net sales profit when ABV-1701 is sublicensed or commercialized. On June 30, 2019, the Company
and BioFirst entered into a Stock Purchase Agreement (the &ldquo;Purchase Agreement&rdquo;), pursuant to which the Company
will issue 428,571 shares of the Company&rsquo;s common stock to BioFirst in consideration for $3,000,000 owed by the
Company to BioFirst in connection with the BioFirst Collaborative Agreement. </P>



<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;<B>&nbsp;</B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><B></B></FONT></P>
</DIV>
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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><B>&nbsp;</B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">On
May 26, 2017, BriVision entered into a co-development agreement (the &ldquo;ABVC-Rgene Co-development Agreement&rdquo;) with Rgene
Corporation (&ldquo;Rgene&rdquo;) to co-develop and commercialize in the global markets three new drug products that originate
from Maitake Combination Therapy. The three drugs licensed from BriVision to Rgene are ABV-1507 HER-2/neu Positive Breast Cancer
Combination Therapy, ABV-1703 Pancreatic Cancer Combination Therapy and ABV-1527 Ovarian Cancer Combination Therapy. Rgene shall
prepare the IND applications for the Phase II trials of ABV-1507 HER-2/neu Positive Breast Cancer Combination Therapy and ABV-1527
Ovarian Cancer Combination Therapy.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Pursuant
to the ABVC-Rgene Co-development Agreement, Rgene was to pay to the Company $3,000,000 in cash or stock of Rgene with equivalent
value by August 15, 2017 in three installments. The payment is for the compensation of BriVision&rsquo;s past research before
the ABVC-Rgene Co-development Agreement was signed and it does not relate to any future commitments made by BriVision and Rgene
in this ABVC-Rgene Co-development Agreement. In addition to the $3,000,000 payment, the Company is entitled to receive 50% of
the future net licensing income or net sales profit earned by Rgene, if any, and any development cost shall be equally shared
by both BriVision and Rgene.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">On
June 1, 2017, BriVision delivered all research, technical, data and development data to Rgene. Since both Rgene and ABVC are related
parties controlled by a controlling beneficiary shareholder of YuanGene, who is also the controlling beneficiary shareholder of
the Company, ABVC has recorded the full amount of $3,000,000 in connection with the ABVC-Rgene Co-development Agreement as additional
paid-in capital during the year ended September 30, 2017. BriVision and Rgene agreed that Rgene should pay BriVision $450,000
in cash and the rest in Rgene&rsquo;s stock. As of the date of this prospectus, ABVC received $450,000 in cash and $2,550,000
worth of shares of Rgene&rsquo;s Common Stock at a per share price of 50NTD (equivalent to $1.62 USD).</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B><I>Research
Results</I></B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B><I>&nbsp;</I></B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">On
May 23, 2019, the Company announced the Phase II clinical study results of ABV-1504 for Major Depression Disorder (&ldquo;MDD&rdquo;).
The clinical study results showed that PDC-1421, the active pharmaceutical ingredient of ABV-1504, met the pre-specified primary
endpoint of the Phase II clinical trial and significantly improved the symptoms of MDD.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"> The Phase II clinical study was a randomized,
double-blind, placebo-controlled, multi-center trial, in which 60 adult patients with confirmed moderate to severe MDD were treated
with PDC-1421 in either low dose (380 mg) or high dose (2 x 380 mg) compared with placebo administration, three times a day for
six weeks. PDC-1421 high dose (2 x 380 mg) met the pre-specified primary endpoint by demonstrating a highly significant 13.2-point
reduction in the Montgomery-&Aring;sberg Depression Rating Scale (MADRS) total score by Intention-To-Treat (ITT) analysis, averaged
over the 6-week treatment period (overall treatment effect) from baseline, as compared to 9.2-point reduction of the placebo group.
By Per-Protocol (PP) analysis, PDC-1421 showed a dose dependent efficacy toward MDD in which high dose (2 x 380 mg) gave 13.4-point
reduction in MADRS total score from baseline and low dose (380 mg) gave 10.4-point reduction as compared to a 8.6-point in the
placebo group. The Company has decided to use the high dose formula in the Phase III clinical trial of ABV-1504. </P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>Strategy</B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Key
elements of our business strategy include:</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<TABLE CELLSPACING="0" CELLPADDING="0" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%">
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="width: 0.25in; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 24px; text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#9679;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Focusing
    on completing the Phase I study of ABV-1701 Vitargus for the treatments of Retinal Detachment or Vitreous Hemorrhage, which
    we expect to generate revenues in the future.</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#9679;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Focusing
    on licensing ABV-1504 for the treatmnt of major depressive disorder after the succssful completion of its Phase II clinical
    trials. </FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#9679;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Continuing
    translational medical research form lab research accomplishments for POC clinical trials, which are Phase I and Phase II trials.
    Major product pipeline includes six investigational new drugs, the INDs of all of which have been approved by the FDA and
    one Class III medical device, the clinical trial of which is being conducted in Australia. The seven products are comprised
    of the following: ABV-1504 for the treatment of Major Depressive Disorder, ABV-1505 to treat Attention-Deficit Hyperactivity
    Disease, ABV-1501 for the treatment of Triple Negative Breast Cancer, ABV-1703 to the treatment of Pancreatic Cancer, ABV-1702
    to treat Myelodysplastic syndromes, and ABV-1601 Depression in Cancer Patients, as well as a medical device, ABV-1701 Vitargus
    for the treatments of Retinal Detachment or Vitreous Hemorrhage.</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#9679;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Out
    licensing drug candidates and medical device candidates to major pharmaceutical companies for phase III and pivotal clinical
    trials, as applicable, and further marketing if approved by the FDA.</FONT></TD></TR>
</TABLE>
<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"></FONT></P>
</DIV>
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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">We
plan to augment our core research and development capability and assets by conducting Phase I and II clinical trials for investigational
new drugs and medical devices in the fields of CNS, Hematology/Oncology and Ophthalmology.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Our
management team has extensive experiences across a wide range of new drug and medical device development and we have in-licensed
new drug and medical device candidates from large research institutes and universities in both the U.S. and Taiwan. Through an
assertive product development approach, we expect that we will build a substantial portfolio of Oncology/ Hematology, CNS and
Ophthalmology products. We believe the initial two phases of clinical trials add great value to investigational new drug development.
Because we primarily focus on Phase I and II research of new drug candidates and out license the post-Phase-II products to pharmaceutical
companies, we do not expect to devote substantial efforts and resources to building the disease-specific distribution channels.
We expect to continue this strategy which we believe has been effective for the past ten years of our operations.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>Material
Risks and Challenges</B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">We
face substantial competition from a great many established and emerging pharmaceutical and biotech companies that develop, distribute
or sell therapeutics to treat the same indications that our drug candidates are designed to treat. Our current and potential competitors
include large pharmaceutical and biotechnology companies, and specialty pharmaceutical and generic drug companies. Many of our
current and potential competitors have substantially greater financial, technical and human resources than we do and significantly
more experience in the marketing, commercialization, discovery, development and regulatory approvals of products, which could
place us at a significant competitive disadvantage or deny our marketing exclusivity rights. Typically, our competitors will most
likely have more capital resources to support their products than we do. In addition, you should <FONT STYLE="background-color: white">carefully
consider the risks described under the &ldquo;Risk Factors&rdquo; section beginning on page 11 before investing in us. Some of
these risks are:</FONT></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<TABLE CELLSPACING="0" CELLPADDING="0" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%">
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="width: 0.25in; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 24px; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#9679;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Risk
    associated with our profitability including, but not limited to:</FONT></TD></TR>
</TABLE>
<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<TABLE CELLSPACING="0" CELLPADDING="0" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%">
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="width: 0.5in; text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 24px; text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#9675;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">We
    have never generated revenue and will continue to be unprofitable in the foreseeable future.</FONT></TD></TR>
</TABLE>
<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<TABLE CELLSPACING="0" CELLPADDING="0" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%">
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="width: 48px; text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 24px; text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#9679;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Risk
    associated with clinical trials and the development of our products, including but not limited to:</FONT></TD></TR>
</TABLE>
<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<TABLE CELLSPACING="0" CELLPADDING="0" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%">
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="width: 0.25in; text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 24px; text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#9675;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Clinical
    trials are expensive and time consuming, and their outcome is uncertain;</FONT></TD></TR>
</TABLE>
<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<TABLE CELLSPACING="0" CELLPADDING="0" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%">
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="width: 0.5in; text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 24px; text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#9675;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Our
    clinical trials could be delayed or unsuccessful, and we may not be able to obtain regulatory approval for any of our drug
    candidates when expected, or at all;</FONT></TD></TR>
</TABLE>
<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<TABLE CELLSPACING="0" CELLPADDING="0" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%">
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="width: 0.5in; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 24px; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#9675;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">We
    may experience delays in our clinical trials that could adversely affect our business and operations;</FONT></TD></TR>
</TABLE>
<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<TABLE CELLSPACING="0" CELLPADDING="0" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%">
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="width: 0.5in; text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 24px; text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#9675;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">We
    rely on third parties to conduct our preclinical studies and clinical trials and if such third parties do not meet our deadlines
    or otherwise conduct the studies as required, we may be delayed in progressing, or ultimately may not be able to progress,
    our drug candidates to clinical trials;</FONT></TD></TR>
</TABLE>
<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<TABLE CELLSPACING="0" CELLPADDING="0" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%">
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="width: 0.5in; text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 24px; text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#9675;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">We
    may not be able to secure and maintain research institutions to conduct our future trials;</FONT></TD></TR>
</TABLE>
<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<TABLE CELLSPACING="0" CELLPADDING="0" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%">
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="width: 0.5in; text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 24px; text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#9675;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">We
    may not be able to secure co-developers or partners to further post-Phase II clinical trials and eventually commercialize
    our drug candidates;</FONT></TD></TR>
</TABLE>
<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"></FONT></P>
</DIV>
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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<TABLE CELLSPACING="0" CELLPADDING="0" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%">
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="width: 0.5in; text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 24px; text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#9675;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">We
    may need to prioritize the development of our most promising candidates at the expense of the development of other products;
    and</FONT></TD></TR>
</TABLE>
<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<TABLE CELLSPACING="0" CELLPADDING="0" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%">
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="width: 0.5in; text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 24px; text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#9675;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Physicians,
    patients, third-party payors or others in the medical community may not be receptive to our products, and we may not generate
    any future revenue from the sale or licensing of our products.</FONT></TD></TR>
</TABLE>
<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<TABLE CELLSPACING="0" CELLPADDING="0" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%">
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="width: 0.25in; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 24px; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#9679;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Risks
    associated with intellectual property including but not limited to:</FONT></TD></TR>
</TABLE>
<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<TABLE CELLSPACING="0" CELLPADDING="0" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%">
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="width: 0.5in; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 24px; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#9675;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">We
    may not be successful in obtaining or maintaining patent or other relating rights necessary to the development of our drug
    candidates in the pipeline;</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#9675;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
    intellectual property rights underlying our exclusive licensing rights may expire or be terminated due to lack of maintenance;</FONT></TD></TR>
</TABLE>
<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<TABLE CELLSPACING="0" CELLPADDING="0" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%">
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="width: 0.25in; text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 24px; text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#9679;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Risks
    associated with competition and manufacturing including, but not limited to:</FONT></TD></TR>
</TABLE>
<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<TABLE CELLSPACING="0" CELLPADDING="0" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%">
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="width: 0.5in; text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 24px; text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#9675;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">We
    face competition from entities that have developed or are developing products for our target disease indications, including
    companies developing novel treatments and technologies similar to ours; and</FONT></TD></TR>
</TABLE>
<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<TABLE CELLSPACING="0" CELLPADDING="0" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%">
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="width: 0.5in; text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 24px; text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#9675;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">We
    depend primarily upon a sole supplier of our key extract for three drug candidates and could incur significant costs and delays
    if we are unable to promptly find a replacement for such supplier if the supplier fails to deliver the extract pursuant to
    our orders.</FONT></TD></TR>
</TABLE>
<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<TABLE CELLSPACING="0" CELLPADDING="0" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%">
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="width: 0.25in; text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 24px; text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#9679;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Risks
    associated with government regulations including without limitation:</FONT></TD></TR>
</TABLE>
<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<TABLE CELLSPACING="0" CELLPADDING="0" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%">
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="width: 0.5in; text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 24px; text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#9675;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">If
    we do not obtain the necessary governmental approvals, we will be unable to sub-license or commercialize our pharmaceutical
    products; and</FONT></TD></TR>
</TABLE>
<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<TABLE CELLSPACING="0" CELLPADDING="0" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%">
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="width: 0.5in; text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 24px; text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#9675;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Even
    if we obtain regulatory approval for a drug candidate, our products may remain subject to regulatory scrutiny.</FONT></TD></TR>
</TABLE>
<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<TABLE CELLSPACING="0" CELLPADDING="0" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%">
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="width: 0.25in; text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 24px; text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#9679;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Risk
    associated with our Series A Convertible Preferred Stock, Common Stock, and this Offering including without limitation:</FONT></TD></TR>
</TABLE>
<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<TABLE CELLSPACING="0" CELLPADDING="0" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%">
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="width: 0.5in; text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 24px; text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#9675;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
    market prices and trading volumes of the Common Stock and Series A Convertible Preferred Stock may be volatile and may be
    affected by economic conditions beyond our control;</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#9675;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">There
    is no established trading market for either our Common Stock or Series A Convertible Preferred Stock and such market may never
    develop;</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#9675;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">There
    may be arbitrage opportunities due to the trading price differences of the Common Stock and Series A Convertible Preferred
    Stock;</FONT></TD></TR>
</TABLE>
<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<TABLE CELLSPACING="0" CELLPADDING="0" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%">
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="width: 0.5in; text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 24px; text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#9675;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Investors
    purchasing shares of the Series A Convertible Preferred Stock will suffer immediate and substantial dilution; and</FONT></TD></TR>
</TABLE>
<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<TABLE CELLSPACING="0" CELLPADDING="0" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%">
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="width: 0.5in; text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 24px; text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#9675;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Currency
    fluctuations may adversely affect the prices of our Common Stock.</FONT></TD></TR>
</TABLE>
<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">These
and other risks described in this prospectus could materially and adversely impact our business, financial condition, operating
results and cash flow, which could cause the trading price of our Common Stock to decline and could result in a loss of your investment.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>Corporate
Information</B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>&nbsp;</B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">ABVC
was incorporated under the laws of the State of Nevada on February 6, 2002. BriVision was incorporated in the State of Delaware
on July 21, 2015. BioLite was incorporated in the State of Nevada on July 27, 2016. BioKey was incorporated in the State of California
on November 20, 2000. BriVision, BioLite and BioKey are three operating Subsidiaries wholly owned by the Company.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Our
principal executive office is located at 44370 Old Warm Springs Blvd., Fremont, CA 94538. Our telephone number at our principal
executive office is (845) 291-1291. Our corporate website of BriVision is http://www.ambrivis.com<I>.</I> The information on our
corporate website is not part of, and is not incorporated by reference into, this prospectus.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

</DIV>
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    <DIV STYLE="page-break-before: always; margin-top: 6pt; margin-bottom: 10pt"><P STYLE="margin: 0pt">&nbsp;</P></DIV>
    <!-- Field: /Page -->
<DIV STYLE="padding: 5pt; border: Black 1.5pt solid; width: 98%">
<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>&nbsp;</B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><B><A NAME="a_005"></A>THE
OFFERING</B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<TABLE CELLSPACING="0" CELLPADDING="0" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse">
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="width: 40%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Assumed
    offering price per share of Series A Convertible Preferred Stock</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 59%; text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">We
    currently estimate that the public offering price will be US$7.00 per share (&ldquo;Public Offering Price&rdquo;).</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> <FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Series
    A Convertible Preferred Stock offered by us</FONT> </TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> <FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT> </TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> <FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">A
    minimum of 1,428,571 shares of Series A Convertible Preferred Stock on a &ldquo;best-efforts&rdquo; basis up to a maximum
    of 3,285,714 shares of Series A Convertible Preferred Stock on a &ldquo;best efforts&rdquo; basis at an anticipated offering
    price of $7.00 per share. If we do not raise the aggregate minimum offering amount of $10,000,000, we will not conduct a closing
    of our offering and will return to investors all amounts previously deposited by them in escrow, without interest or deduction.
    Prior to the closing of our offering, all funds delivered as payment for the securities offering hereby shall be deposited
    in a non-interest bearing escrow account (&ldquo;Escrow Account&rdquo;) at Pacific Mercantile Bank maintained by FinTech Clearing,
    LLC (the &ldquo;Deposit Account Agent&rdquo;) as deposit account agent for the investors in the offering.</FONT> </TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> <FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Shares
    of Common Stock outstanding immediately before and after this offering without giving effect to the conversion (the &ldquo;Conversion&rdquo;)
    of any Series A Convertible Preferred Stock*</FONT> </TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> <FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT> </TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"> <FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">17,694,289
    shares of Common Stock as of July 18, 2019, after the stock reverse split effective on May 8, 2019 and the issuance of shares
    of Common Stock pursuant to the Registration Statement on Form S-4 which became effective on or about February 5, 2019.</FONT> </TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Shares
    of Series A Convertible Preferred Stock outstanding immediately before this offering </FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">None.</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> <FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Shares
    of Series A Convertible Preferred Stock outstanding immediately after this offering without giving effect to the Conversion</FONT> </TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> <FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT> </TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> <FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">1,428,571
    shares at minimum, and 3,285,714 shares at maximum. Each share of Series A Convertible Preferred Stock is initially convertible
    at any time at the option of the holder into one share of Common Stock and automatically converts into one share of Common
    Stock on its four-year anniversary of the original issuance. </FONT> </TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> <FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Gross
    Proceeds</FONT> </TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> <FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT> </TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> <FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">US$10,000,000
    at minimum, and $23,000,000 at maximum. </FONT> </TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> <FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Underwriter
    Warrants </FONT> </TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> <FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT> </TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> <FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">We
    have agreed to issue to the Underwriter warrants to purchase up to a total of up to 230,000 shares of Common Stock (equal
    to 7% of the maximum number of shares of Common Stock convertible from the Series A Preferred Stock sold in this offering
    assuming the Underwriter exercised its option to increase the maximum size of the offering) and to also register herein such
    underlying shares. The warrants will be exercisable, in whole or in part, commencing on the closing date of the offering contemplated
    in this registration statement and expiring on the five-year anniversary of the effective date of this registration statement,
    and shall be exercisable at a price equal to the Public Offering Price.</FONT> </TD></TR>
</TABLE>
<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"></FONT></P>
</DIV>
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    <DIV STYLE="page-break-before: always; margin-top: 6pt; margin-bottom: 10pt"><P STYLE="margin: 0pt">&nbsp;</P></DIV>
    <!-- Field: /Page -->
<DIV STYLE="padding: 5pt; border: Black 1.5pt solid; width: 98%">
<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<TABLE CELLSPACING="0" CELLPADDING="0" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse">
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="width: 40%; text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> <FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Term
    of Our Offering</FONT> </TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> <FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT> </TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 59%; text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> <FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
    Series A Convertible Preferred Stock is being offered by the Company for a period of one hundred and eighty (180) days commencing
    on the date of this prospectus. If the minimum amount of the Company&rsquo;s offering is not raised within such period, all
    subscription funds in the Offering Deposit Account will be returned to the investors promptly without interest or deduction
    of any fees. The Company&rsquo;s offering may close or terminate, as the case may be, on the earlier of (i) the date at which
    the Maximum Amount of Series A Convertible Preferred Stock has been sold; (ii) the date on which this offering is terminated
    by the Company in its sole discretion; or (iii) one hundred and eighty (180) days from the effective date of this prospectus,
    or the expiration date. The Company&rsquo;s offering shall not be closed unless our Common Stock and Series A Convertible
    Preferred Stock are listed on the Nasdaq Stock Market.</FONT> </TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Offering
    Deposit Account</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
    gross proceeds from the sale of the shares of the Series A Convertible Preferred Stock in this offering will be deposited
    in a non-interest bearing escrow account maintained by the deposit account agent, Fintech Clearing, LLC (the &ldquo;Deposit
    Account Agent&rdquo;). The Deposit Account Agent is affiliated with the Underwriter, as the Deposit Account Agent is under
    the same indirect common ownership as the Underwriter. All checks will be deposited directly into the Offering Deposit Account
    and all wire transfers will be wired directly to the Offering Deposit Account at Pacific Mercantile Bank. The funds will be
    held in escrow until the Deposit Account Agent has advised us and the Underwriter that it has received a minimum of&thinsp;$10,000,000,
    the minimum offering, in cleared funds. If we do not receive the minimum of&thinsp;$10,000,000 by [&#9679;], 2019, all funds
    will be returned to purchasers in this offering on the next business day after the termination of the offering, without charge,
    deduction or interest. Prior to [&#9679;], 2019, in no event will funds be returned to you unless the offering is terminated.
    You will only be entitled to receive a refund of your subscription price if we do not raise a minimum of&thinsp;$10,000,000
    by [&#9679;], 2019. No interest will be paid either to us or to you. See &ldquo;Underwriting&thinsp;&mdash;&thinsp;Deposit
    Account Agent and Deposit of Offering Proceeds.&rdquo;</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Use
    of proceeds</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">We
    plan to use the net proceeds we will receive from this offering for general corporate purposes, including without limitation,
    investment in product research and development, sales and marketing activities, technology infrastructure, team development,
    capital expenditures, improvement of corporate facilities and other general and administrative matters. We may also use a
    portion of these proceeds for the acquisition of, or investment in, technologies, solutions or businesses that complement
    our business, although we have no present commitments or agreements to enter into any acquisitions or investments. See &ldquo;Use
    of Proceeds&rdquo; on page 34 for more information.</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Risk
    factors</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">See
    &ldquo;Risk Factors&rdquo; and other information included in this prospectus for a discussion of the risks relating to investing
    in our Series A Convertible Preferred Stock and Common Stock. You should carefully consider these risks before deciding to
    invest in our Series A Convertible Preferred Stock.</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Listing</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">We
    intend to have the Common Stock listed on the Nasdaq under the symbol &ldquo;ABVC&rdquo; and Series A Convertible Preferred
    Stock under the symbol [&ldquo;&#9679;&rdquo;] However, we cannot assure you that either of our Common Stock or Series A Convertible
    Preferred Stock will be listed on the Nasdaq. We will not complete this offering without a listing approval letter of our
    Series A Convertible Preferred Stock and Common Stock from the Nasdaq. </FONT></TD></TR>
</TABLE>
<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<TABLE CELLSPACING="0" CELLPADDING="0" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%">
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="width: 24px; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">*</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
    number of shares of Common Stock outstanding immediately after this offering, as set forth in the table above excludes shares
    of Common Stock issuable upon the exercise of the Underwriter Warrants.</FONT></TD></TR>
</TABLE>
<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

</DIV>
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    <DIV STYLE="page-break-before: always; margin-top: 6pt; margin-bottom: 10pt"><P STYLE="margin: 0pt">&nbsp;</P></DIV>
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<DIV STYLE="padding: 5pt; border: Black 1.5pt solid; width: 98%">
<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>&nbsp;</B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B><A NAME="a_006"></A>SELECTED
UNAUDITED PRO FORMA CONDENSED COMBINED FINANCIAL INFORMATION</B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
unaudited pro forma data presented herein reflects events that are directly attributable to the described transactions, factually
supportable, and as it relates to the unaudited pro forma condensed consolidated combined statement of operations, expected to
have a continuing impact. The unaudited pro forma data presented herein also reflects certain assumptions which management believes
are reasonable. Such pro forma data is not necessarily indicative of financial results that would have been attained had the described
transactions occurred on the dates indicated above, or the results of the combined company that may be achieved in the future.
The adjustments are based on currently available information and certain estimates and assumptions. Therefore, the actual results
may differ from the pro forma results indicated herein. However, management believes that the assumptions provide a reasonable
basis for presenting the significant effects of the transactions as contemplated and that the pro forma adjustments give appropriate
effect to those assumptions and are properly applied in the unaudited pro forma condensed consolidated combined financial statements.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
unaudited pro forma condensed consolidated combined financial statements are provided for illustrative purposes only and are not
intended to represent or be indicative of the consolidated results of operations or consolidated financial position of the combined
company that would have been recorded had the Merger been completed as of the dates presented, and they should not be taken as
representative of the expected future results of operations or financial position of the combined company. The unaudited pro forma
condensed consolidated combined financial statements do not reflect the impacts of any potential operational efficiencies, asset
dispositions, cost savings or economies of scale that the combined company may achieve with respect to the operations of the combined
company. Additionally, the unaudited pro forma condensed consolidated combined statement of operations does not include&nbsp;non-recurring&nbsp;charges
or credits, and the related tax effects, which result directly from the Mergers.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0; text-align: center; background-color: white"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0; text-align: center; background-color: white"><FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"></FONT></P>
</DIV>
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    <DIV STYLE="page-break-before: always; margin-top: 6pt; margin-bottom: 10pt"><P STYLE="margin: 0pt">&nbsp;</P></DIV>
    <!-- Field: /Page -->
<DIV STYLE="padding: 5pt; border: Black 1.5pt solid; width: 98%"><P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0; text-align: center; background-color: white"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0; text-align: center; background-color: white"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>SELECTED
UNAUDITED PRO FORMA CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED COMBINED BALANCE SHEET DATA<BR>
</B></FONT><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>AS
OF DECEMBER 31, 2018</B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; background-color: white"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>&nbsp;</B></FONT></P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center">Pro Forma</TD><TD STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center">Pro Forma</TD><TD STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid">ABVC</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid">BioKey</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid">BioLite</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid">Adjustment</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid">Note</TD><TD STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid">Combined</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom">
    <TD STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">ASSETS</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Current Assets</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="width: 30%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">Cash and cash equivalents</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">$</TD><TD STYLE="width: 9%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">40,044</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">$</TD><TD STYLE="width: 9%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">636,666</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">$</TD><TD STYLE="width: 9%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">186,644</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="width: 9%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">-</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 9%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">$</TD><TD STYLE="width: 9%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">863,354</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">Restricted cash and cash equivalents</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">16,093</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">-</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">-</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">-</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">16,093</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">Accounts receivable, net</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">-</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">43,204</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">-</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">-</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">43,204</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">Accounts receivable - related parties, net</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">-</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">147,848</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">-</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">-</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">147,848</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">Other receivable</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">-</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">-</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">39,005</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">-</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">39,005</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">Due from related parties</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">40,000</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">-</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">79,287</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">(59,810</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">)</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center">{f}</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">59,477</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Inventory</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">-</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">-</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">1,318</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">-</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">1,318</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">Prepaid expense and other
    current assets</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">136</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">-</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">223,759</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">-</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">223,895</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; padding-left: 20pt">Total
    Current Assets</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">96,273</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">827,718</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">530,013</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">(59,810</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">)</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">1,394,194</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">Property and equipment, net</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">-</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">58,150</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">510,066</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">568,216</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">Goodwill, net</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">-</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">-</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">-</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">43,531,445</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center">{e}</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">43,531,445</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">Long-term investments</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">-</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">-</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">3,488,169</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">3,448,169</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">Deferred tax assets</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">-</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">-</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">1,347,995</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">1,347,995</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">Security Deposits</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">-</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">10,440</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">27,418</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">37,858</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; padding-bottom: 4pt">Total Assets</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 4pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">$</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">96,273</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 4pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 4pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">$</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">896,308</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 4pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 4pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">$</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">5,903,661</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 4pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 4pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">$</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">43,471,635</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 4pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 4pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; padding-bottom: 4pt">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 4pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">$</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">50,367,877</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 4pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">LIABILITIES AND EQUITY</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">Current Liabilities</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; padding-left: 10pt">Short-term bank loan</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">-</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">-</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">899,250</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">-</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">899,250</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; padding-left: 0.25in; text-indent: -0.125in">Long-term
    bank loan - current portion</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">-</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">-</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">39,835</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">-</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">39,835</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; padding-left: 10pt">Notes payable</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">-</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">-</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">510,447</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">-</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">510,447</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; padding-left: 0.25in; text-indent: -0.125in">Accrued
    expenses and other current liabilities</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">555,449</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">83,026</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">687,709</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">-</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">1,326,184</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; padding-left: 10pt">Due to related parties</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">4,462,775</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">-</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">3,341,005</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">(58,684</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">)</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center">{f}</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">7,745,096</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; padding-left: 0.25in; text-indent: -0.125in">Convertible
    notes payable, current portion</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">300,000</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">-</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">-</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">300,000</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; padding-left: 0.25in; text-indent: -0.125in">Convertible
    notes payable - related parties, current portion</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">250,000</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">-</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">-</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">250,000</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; padding-left: 20pt">Total
    Current Liabilities</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">5,568,224</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">83,026</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">5,478,246</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">(58,684</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">)</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">11,070,812</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">Long-term bank loan</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">-</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">-</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">15,257</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">-</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">15,257</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">Tenant security deposit</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">-</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">2,880</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">-</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">-</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">2,880</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">Convertible notes payable</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">-</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">-</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">-</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">-</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">-</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; padding-left: 10pt; text-indent: -10pt">Convertible
    notes payable - related parties</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">250,000</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">-</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">-</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">-</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">250,000</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">Accrued interest</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">27,467</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">-</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">-</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">-</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">27,467</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; padding-left: 30pt">Total
    Liabilities</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">5,845,691</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">85,906</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">5,493,503</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">(58,684</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">)</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">11,366,416</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Equity</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">Preferred stock</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">-</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">18,633,097</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">-</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">(18,633,097</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">)</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center">{c}</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">-</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; padding-left: 10pt; text-indent: -10pt">Common stock
    (Pre - reverse stock split)</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">213,927</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">774,293</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">4,121</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">(4,121</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">)</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center">{a}</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">318,486</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">74,998</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center">{a}</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">(771,793</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">)</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center">{b}</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">7,428</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center">{b}</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">22,133</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center">{c}</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">Additional paid-in capital</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">13,914,556</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">82,265</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">10,862,995</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">(70,877</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">)</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center">{a}</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">59,018,959</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">(Pre - reverse stock split)</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">(82,265</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">)</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center">{e}</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">44,312,285</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center">{e}</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">(10,000,000</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">)</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center">{g}</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">Stock subscription receivable</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">-</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">(1,667</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">)</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">-</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">1,667</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center">{e}</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">-</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">Accumulated deficit</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">(19,877,901</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">)</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">(18,677,586</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">)</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">(11,445,109</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">)</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">18,677,586</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center">{e}</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">(12,209,446</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">)</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">6,817,848</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center">{g}</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">2,295,716</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center">{h}</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">10,000,000</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center">{g}</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">Other comprehensive income</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">-</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">-</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">670,541</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">(14,689</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">)</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center">{g,h}</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">655,852</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">Treasury stock</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">-</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">-</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">-</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">(6,750,000</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">)</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center">{g}</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">(9,100,000</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">)</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">(2,350,000</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">)</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">{h}</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; padding-left: 20pt">Total
    Stockholders&rsquo; equity (deficit)</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">(5,749,418</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">)</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">810,402</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">92,548</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">43,530,319</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">38,683,851</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">Noncontrolling interest</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">-</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">-</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">317,610</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">-</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">317,610</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; padding-left: 30pt">Total
    Equity</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">(5,749,418</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">)</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">810,402</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">410,158</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">43,530,319</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">39,001,461</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; padding-bottom: 4pt">Total Liabilities and Equity</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 4pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">$</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">96,273</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 4pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 4pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">$</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">896,308</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 4pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 4pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">$</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">5,903,661</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 4pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 4pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">$</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">43,471,635</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 4pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 4pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; padding-bottom: 4pt">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 4pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">50,367,877</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 4pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
</TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: center; background-color: white"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: center; background-color: white"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>SELECTED
UNAUDITED PRO FORMA CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS DATA</B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: center; background-color: white"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>FOR
THE YEAR ENDED DECEMBER 31, 2018</B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: center; background-color: white"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>&nbsp;</B></FONT></P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center">Pro Forma</TD><TD STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center">Pro Forma</TD><TD STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid">ABVC</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid">BioKey</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid">BioLite</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid">Adjustment</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid">Note</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid">Combined</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="width: 28%; font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Revenues</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">$</TD><TD STYLE="width: 9%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">-</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">$</TD><TD STYLE="width: 9%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">510,197</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">$</TD><TD STYLE="width: 9%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">6,956</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="width: 9%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="width: 9%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">$</TD><TD STYLE="width: 9%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">517,153</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">Cost of revenues</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">-</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">4,809</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">185,280</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">190,089</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">Gross profit</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">-</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">505,388</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">(178,324</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">)</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">327,064</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">Operating expenses</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; padding-left: 0.25in; text-indent: -10pt">Selling,
    general and administrative expenses</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">695,148</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">669,322</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">893,570</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">2,258,040</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; padding-left: 0.25in; text-indent: -10pt">Research
    and development expenses</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">669,668</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">430,917</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">319,053</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">1,419,638</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; padding-left: 9pt">Stock
    based compensation</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">28,800</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">-</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">-</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">28,800</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; padding-left: 0.25in">Total
    operating expenses</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">1,393,616</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">1,100,239</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">1,212,623</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">3,706,478</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">Loss from operations</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">(1,393,616</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">)</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">(594,851</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">)</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">(1,390,947</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">)</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">(3,379,414</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">)</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">Other income (expense)</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; padding-left: 9pt">Interest income</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">93</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">4,598</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">5,119</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">9,810</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; padding-left: 9pt">Interest expense</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">(155,930</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">)</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">-</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">(306,821</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">)</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">(462,751</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">)</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; padding-left: 9pt">Rental income</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">-</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">-</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">11,924</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">11,924</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; padding-left: 9pt">Impairment loss</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">-</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">-</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">(63,663</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">)</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">(63,663</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">)</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; padding-left: 9pt">Investment loss</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">(549</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">)</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">-</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">(395,476</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">)</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">(396,025</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">)</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; padding-left: 9pt">Gain/Loss on foreign exchange&nbsp;changes</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">-</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">-</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">7,307</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">7,307</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; padding-left: 0.25in; text-indent: -10pt">Gain/Loss
    on investment in equity securities</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">(2,549,451</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">)</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">-</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">(192,463</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">)</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">(2,741,914</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">)</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; padding-left: 9pt">Other
    income (expense)</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">-</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">630</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">(5,154</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">)</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">(4,524</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">)</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; padding-left: 0.25in">Total
    other income (expenses)</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">(2,705,837</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">)</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">5,228</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">(939,227</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">)</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">(3,639,836</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">)</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; padding-left: 10pt; text-indent: -10pt">Loss
    before provision for income tax</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">(4,099,453</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">)</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">(589,623</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">)</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">(2,330,174</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">)</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">(7,019,250</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">)</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">Provision for income tax
    (benefit)</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">1,850</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">800</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">(366,947</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">)</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">(364,297</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">)</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">Net loss</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">(4,101,303</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">)</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">(590,423</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">)</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">(1,963,227</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">)</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">(6,654,953</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">)</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; padding-left: 10pt; text-indent: -10pt">Net loss
    attributable to noncontrolling interests</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">-</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">-</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">489,151</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">489,151</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; padding-left: 10pt; text-indent: -10pt">Net loss
    attributable to ABVC and subsidiaries</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">(4,101,303</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">)</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">(590,423</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">)</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">(1,474,067</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">)</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">(7,144,104</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">)</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; padding-left: 10pt; text-indent: -10pt">Foreign
    currency translation adjustment</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">-</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">-</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">86,786</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">86,786</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; padding-bottom: 4pt">Comprehensive Income (Loss)</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 4pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">$</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">(4,101,303</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 4pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">)</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 4pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">$</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">(590,423</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 4pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">)</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 4pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">$</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">(1,560,862</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 4pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">)</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 4pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 4pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 4pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 4pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 4pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 4pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 4pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 4pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 4pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">$</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">(7,230,890</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 4pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">)</TD></TR>
</TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: center">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: center"></P>
</DIV>
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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B><A NAME="a_007"></A>RISK
FACTORS</B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><I>Investing
in our securities includes a high degree of risk. Prior to making a decision about investing in our securities, you should consider
carefully the specific factors discussed below, together with all of the other information contained in this prospectus. If any
of the following risks actually occurs, our business, financial condition, results of operations and future prospects would likely
be materially and adversely affected. This could cause the market price of our Common Stock to decline and could cause you to
lose all or part of your investment.</I></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><I>&nbsp;</I></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>Risks
Related to the Company&rsquo;s Business</B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B><I>The
Company is a development stage biopharmaceutical company and is thus subject to the risks associated with new businesses in that
industry.</I></B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
Company acquired the sole licensing rights to develop and commercialize for therapeutic purposes six compounds from BioLite and
the right to co-develop with BioFirst a medical device (collectively the &ldquo;ABVC Pipeline Products&rdquo;). As such, the Company
is a clinical stage biopharmaceutical company with operations that generate unsubstantial revenues. The Company is establishing
and implementing many important functions necessary to operate a business, including the clinical research and development of
the ABVC Pipeline Products, further establishment of the Company&rsquo;s managerial and administrative structure, accounting systems
and internal financial controls. Before the Mergers, the Company faced costs, uncertainties, delays and difficulties frequently
encountered by pre-revenue stage biopharmaceutical companies. Upon completion of the Mergers and full integration of BioLite and
BioKey into the Company, the Company will have limited revenue and remain unprofitable for an indefinite period of time.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Accordingly,
you should consider the Company&rsquo;s prospects in light of the risks and uncertainties that a pharmaceutical company with a
limited operating history and revenue faces. In particular, potential investors should consider that there are significant risks
that the Company will not be able to:</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<TABLE CELLSPACING="0" CELLPADDING="0" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse">
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="width: 0.25in; text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 0.25in; text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#9679;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">implement
    or execute its current business plan, or generate profits;</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#9679;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">attract
    and maintain a skillful management team;</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#9679;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">raise
    sufficient funds in the capital markets or otherwise to effectuate its business plan;</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#9679;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">determine
    that the processes and technologies that it has developed are commercially viable; and/or</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#9679;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">enter
    into contracts with commercial partners, such as licensors and suppliers.</FONT></TD></TR>
</TABLE>
<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">If
any of the above risks occurs, the Company&rsquo;s business may fail, in which case you may lose the entire amount of your investment
in the Company. The Company cannot assure that any of its efforts in business operations will be successful or result in the timely
development of new products, or ultimately produce any material revenue and profits.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">In
addition, after the Mergers, as a pre-profit biopharmaceutical company, the Company needs to transition from a company with a
research and development focus to a company capable of supporting commercial activities. The Company may not be able to reach
such transition point or make such a transition, which would have affect our business, financial condition, results of operations
and prospects.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B><I>&nbsp;</I></B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B><I>If
the Company fails to raise additional capital, its ability to implement its business model and strategy could be compromised.</I></B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B><I>&nbsp;</I></B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
Company has limited capital resources and operations. The CDMO Unit generates limited amount of revenue that could partially support
the operations of the Company. To date, its operations have been&nbsp;funded partially from the proceeds from financings or loans
from its shareholders and management. From time to time, we may seek additional financing to provide the capital required to expand
our production facilities, research and development (&ldquo;R&amp;D&rdquo;) initiatives and/or working capital, as well as to
repay outstanding loans if cash flow from operations is insufficient to do so.&nbsp;We cannot predict with certainty the timing
or amount of any such capital requirements.&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"></FONT></P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">If
the Company does not raise sufficient capital to fund its ongoing development activities, it is likely that it will be unable
to carry out its business plans, including R&amp;D development and expansion of production facilities. The Company may not be
able to obtain additional financing on terms acceptable, or at all. Even if the Company obtains financing for near term operations
and product development, the Company may require additional capital beyond the near term. If the Company is unable to raise capital
when needed, its business, financial condition and results of operations would be materially adversely affected, and it could
be forced to reduce or discontinue our operations.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B><I>The
Company has no history in obtaining regulatory approval for, or commercializing, any new drug candidate.</I></B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">With
limited operating history, the Company has never obtained regulatory approval for, or commercialized, any new drug candidate.
It is possible that the FDA may refuse to accept our planned New Drug Application (or &ldquo;NDA&rdquo;) for any of the six drug
products for substantive review, or may conclude after review of our data that our application is insufficient to obtain regulatory
approval of the new drug candidates or the medical device. Although our CDMO strategic business department has experience in obtaining
abbreviated new drug application (or &ldquo;ANDA&rdquo;) approvals, the processes and timelines of obtaining an NDA approval and
ANDA approval can differentiate substantially. If the FDA does not accept or approve our planned NDA for our product candidates,
it may require that we conduct additional clinical, preclinical or manufacturing validation studies, which may be costly. Depending
on the FDA required studies, approval of any NDA or application that we submit may be significantly delayed, possibly for several
years, or may require us to expend more resources than we have. Any delay in obtaining, or inability to obtain, regulatory approvals
of any of our drug candidate will prevent us from sublicensing such product. It is also possible that additional studies, if performed
and completed, may not be considered sufficient by the FDA. If any of these outcomes occurs, we may be forced to abandon our planned
NDA for such drug candidate, which materially adversely affects our business and could potentially cause us to cease operations.
We face similar regulatory risks in a foreign jurisdiction.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B><I>Our
growth is dependent on our ability to successfully develop, acquire or license new drugs.</I></B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Our
growth is supported by continuous investment in time, resources and capital to identify and develop new products or new formulations
for the market via&nbsp;geographic expansion and market penetration. If we are unable to either develop new products on our own
or acquire licenses for new products from other parties, our ability to grow revenues and market share will be adversely affected.&nbsp;In
addition, we may not be able to recover our investment in the development of new drugs and medical devices, given that projects
may be interrupted, unsuccessful, not as profitable as initially contemplated or we may not be able to obtain necessary financing
for such development. Similarly, there is no assurance that we can successfully secure such rights from third parties on an economically
feasible basis.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B><I>Our
current products have certain side effects. If the side effects associated with our current or future products are not identified
prior to their marketing and sale, we may be required to withdraw such products from the market, perform lengthy additional clinical
trials or change the labeling of our products, any of which could adversely impact our growth.</I></B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B><I>&nbsp;</I></B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
Company researches and develops the following six drug products and one medical device: ABV-1501, ABV-1504, ABV-1505, ABV-1701,
ABV-1702, ABV-1601 and ABV-1703. Each of these seven products may cause serious adverse effects to their users. For example, the
API of ABV-1501, ABV-1702 and ABV-1703 is Maitake mushroom extract. Side effects, or adverse events, associated with Maitake mushroom
extract include blood bilirubin increase, lymphocyte count decrease, neutrophil count decrease, platelet count decrease, white
blood cell decrease, headache, and hyperglycemia. Serious adverse events (collectively, the &ldquo;SAE&rdquo;) associated with
this compound include leukocytosis, platelet count decrease, eye disorders, abdominal pain, gastrointestinal disorders, aphonia,
lung infection, muscle weakness right-sided, confusion, edema cerebral, stroke, dyspnea, wheezing, and pruritus.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">ABV-1504
and ABV-1505 have the same API, &ldquo;Radix Polygala&rdquo;, which is known as Polygala tenuifolia Willd or PDC-1421 Capsule
(&ldquo;Polygala tenuifolia Willd&rdquo;). Side effects, or adverse events, associated with ABV-1504 and ABV-1505, coming from
administration of the trial medicine or examination procedure such as the procedure of taking blood (fainting, pain and/or bruising),
may lead to gastrointestinal disorders (abdominal fullness and constipation), nervous system disorders (drowsiness, sleepiness,
and oral ulcer). In addition, long-term use may cause miscarriages.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"></FONT></P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">As
of the date of this prospectus, the Company is processing Phase I clinical trial of ABV-1701 and is not aware of any serious side
effects associated therewith. However, new serious side effects of ABV-1701 may be uncovered as the clinical trials continue.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
occurrence of any of those adverse events would harm our future sales of these medicines and substantially increase the costs
and expenses of marketing these medicines, which in turn could cause our revenues and net income to decline.&nbsp;In addition,
the reputation and sales of our future medicines could be adversely affected due to the severe side effects discovered.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>&nbsp;</B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B><I>We
may be subject to product liability claims in the future, which could divert our resources, cause us to incur substantial liabilities
and limit commercialization of any products that we may develop.</I></B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">We
face an inherent business risk of exposure to product liability claims in the event that the uses of our products are alleged
to have caused adverse side effects.&nbsp;Side effects or marketing or manufacturing problems pertaining to any of our products
could result in product liability claims or adverse publicity.&nbsp;These risks will exist for those products in clinical development
and with respect to those products that receive regulatory approval for commercial sale.&nbsp;Furthermore, although we have not
historically experienced any problems associated with claims by users of our products, we do not currently maintain product liability
insurance and&nbsp;there could be no assurance that we are able to acquire product liability insurance with terms that are commercially
feasible.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">We
face an inherent risk of product liability claims as a result of the clinical testing of our products and potentially commercially
selling any products that we may develop. For example, we may be sued if any product we develop allegedly causes injury or is
found to be otherwise unsuitable during clinical testing, manufacturing, marketing or sale. Any such product liability claims
may include allegations of defects in manufacturing, defects in design, a failure to warn of dangers inherent in the product,
negligence, strict liability or a breach of warranties. Claims could also be asserted under state consumer protection acts. If
we cannot successfully defend ourselves against product liability claims, we may incur substantial liabilities or be required
to limit commercialization of our product candidate. Regardless of the merits or eventual outcome, liability claims may result
in:</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<TABLE CELLSPACING="0" CELLPADDING="0" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse">
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="width: 0.25in; text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 0.25in; text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#9679;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">decreased
    demand for our product candidates or products that we may develop;</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#9679;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">injury
    to our reputation and significant negative media attention;</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#9679;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">withdrawal
    of clinical trial participants;</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#9679;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">significant
    costs to defend resulting litigation;</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#9679;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">substantial
    monetary awards to trial participants or patients;</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#9679;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">loss
    of revenue;</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#9679;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">reduced
    resources of our management to pursue our business strategy; and</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#9679;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">the
    inability to commercialize any products that we may develop.</FONT></TD></TR>
</TABLE>
<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">We
currently have insurance policies to cover liabilities under the clinic trials but do not maintain general liability insurance;
and even if we have a general liability insurance in the future, this insurance may not fully cover potential liabilities that
we may incur. The cost of any product liability litigation or other proceeding, even if resolved in our favor, could be substantial.
We would need to increase our insurance coverage if and when we begin selling any product candidate that receives marketing approval.
In addition, insurance coverage is becoming increasingly expensive. If we are unable to obtain or maintain sufficient insurance
coverage at an acceptable cost or to otherwise protect against potential product liability claims, it could prevent or inhibit
the development and commercial production and sale of our product candidate, which could adversely affect our business, financial
condition, results of operations and prospects.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"></FONT></P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B><I>We
have conducted, and may in the future conduct, clinical trials for certain of our product candidates at sites outside the United
States, and the FDA may not accept data from trials conducted in such locations.</I></B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">We
have conducted and may in the future choose to conduct one or more of our clinical trials outside the United States. Although
the FDA may accept data from clinical trials conducted outside the United States, acceptance of this data is subject to certain
conditions imposed by the FDA. For example, the clinical trial must be well designed and conducted and performed by qualified
investigators in accordance with ethical principles. The trial population must also adequately represent the U.S. population,
and the data must be applicable to the U.S. population and U.S. medical practice in ways that the FDA deems clinically meaningful.
In addition, while these clinical trials are subject to the applicable local laws, FDA acceptance of the data will be dependent
upon its determination that the trials also complied with all applicable U.S. laws and regulations. There can be no assurance
that the FDA will accept data from trials conducted outside of the United States. If the FDA does not accept the data from any
of our clinical trials that we determine to conduct outside the United States, it would likely result in the need for additional
trials, which would be costly and time-consuming and delay or permanently halt our development of the product candidate.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">In
addition, the conduct of clinical trials outside the United States could have a significant impact on us. Risks inherent in conducting
international clinical trials include:</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<TABLE CELLSPACING="0" CELLPADDING="0" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse">
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="width: 0.25in; text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 0.25in; text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#9679;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">foreign
    regulatory requirements that could restrict or limit our ability to conduct our clinical trials;</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#9679;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">administrative
    burdens of conducting clinical trials under multiple foreign regulatory schema;</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#9679;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">foreign
    exchange fluctuations; and</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#9679;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">diminished
    protection of intellectual property in some countries.</FONT></TD></TR>
</TABLE>
<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B><I>If
clinical trials of our product candidates fail to demonstrate safety and efficacy to the satisfaction of the FDA and comparable
non-U.S. regulators, we may incur additional costs or experience delays in completing, or ultimately be unable to complete the
development and commercialization of our product candidates.</I></B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">We
are not permitted to commercialize, market, promote or sell any product candidate in the United States without obtaining marketing
approval from the FDA. Comparable non-U.S. regulatory authorities impose similar restrictions. We may never receive such approvals.
We must complete extensive preclinical development and clinical trials to demonstrate the safety and efficacy of our product candidate
in humans before we will be able to obtain these approvals.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Clinical
testing is expensive, difficult to design and implement, can take many years to complete and is inherently uncertain as to outcome.
Any inability to successfully complete preclinical and clinical development could result in additional costs to us and impair
our ability to generate revenues from product sales, regulatory and commercialization milestones and royalties. In addition, if
(1) we are required to conduct additional clinical trials or other testing of our product candidate beyond the trials and testing
that we contemplate, (2) we are unable to successfully complete clinical trials of our product candidate or other testing, (3)
the results of these trials or tests are unfavorable, uncertain or are only modestly favorable, or (4) there are unacceptable
safety concerns associated with our product candidate, we, in addition to incurring additional costs, may:</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<TABLE CELLSPACING="0" CELLPADDING="0" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse">
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="width: 0.25in; text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 0.25in; text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#9679;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">be
    delayed in obtaining marketing approval for our product candidates;</FONT></TD></TR>
</TABLE>
<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<TABLE CELLSPACING="0" CELLPADDING="0" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse">
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="width: 0.25in; text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 0.25in; text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#9679;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">not
    obtain marketing approval at all;</FONT></TD></TR>
</TABLE>
<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<TABLE CELLSPACING="0" CELLPADDING="0" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse">
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="width: 0.25in; text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 0.25in; text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#9679;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">obtain
    approval for indications or patient populations that are not as broad as we intended or desired;</FONT></TD></TR>
</TABLE>
<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<TABLE CELLSPACING="0" CELLPADDING="0" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse">
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="width: 0.25in; text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 0.25in; text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#9679;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">obtain
    approval with labeling that includes significant use or distribution restrictions or significant safety warnings, including
    boxed warnings;</FONT></TD></TR>
</TABLE>
<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<TABLE CELLSPACING="0" CELLPADDING="0" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse">
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="width: 0.25in; text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 0.25in; text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#9679;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">be
    subject to additional post-marketing testing or other requirements; or</FONT></TD></TR>
</TABLE>
<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<TABLE CELLSPACING="0" CELLPADDING="0" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse">
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="width: 0.25in; text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 0.25in; text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#9679;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">be
    required to remove the product from the market after obtaining marketing approval.</FONT></TD></TR>
</TABLE>
<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"></FONT></P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B><I>Even
if any of our product candidates receives marketing approval, it may fail to achieve the degree of market acceptance by physicians,
patients, third party payors and others in the medical community necessary for commercial success and the market opportunity for
the product candidate may be smaller than we estimate.</I></B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">We
have never completed a new drug or new medical device FDA application process from Phase I to FDA approval and commercialization.
Even if our products are approved by the appropriate regulatory authorities for marketing and sale, they may nonetheless fail
to gain sufficient market acceptance by physicians, patients, third party payors and others in the medical community. For example,
physicians are often reluctant to switch their patients from existing therapies even when new and potentially more effective or
convenient treatments enter the market. Further, patients often acclimate to the therapy that they are currently taking and do
not want to switch unless their physicians recommend switching products or they are required to switch therapies due to lack of
reimbursement for existing therapies.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
potential market opportunities for our products are difficult to estimate precisely. Our estimates of the potential market opportunities
are predicated on many assumptions, including industry knowledge and publications, third party research reports and other surveys.
While we believe that our internal assumptions are reasonable, these assumptions involve the exercise of significant judgment
on the part of our management, are inherently uncertain and the reasonableness of these assumptions has not been assessed by an
independent source. If any of the assumptions proves to be inaccurate, the actual markets for our products could be smaller than
our estimates of the potential market opportunities.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B><I>We
may seek to enter into collaborations with third parties for the development and commercialization of our product candidates.
If we fail to enter into such collaborations, or such collaborations are not successful, we may not be able to capitalize on the
market potential of our product candidates.</I></B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">We
may seek third-party collaborators for development and commercialization of our products. Our likely collaborators for any marketing,
distribution, development, licensing or broader collaboration arrangements include large and mid-size pharmaceutical companies,
regional and national pharmaceutical companies, non-profit organizations, government agencies, and biotechnology companies. Our
ability to generate revenues from these arrangements will depend on our collaborators&rsquo;&nbsp;abilities to successfully perform
the functions assigned to them in these arrangements.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Collaborations
involving our products will pose the following risks to us:</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<TABLE CELLSPACING="0" CELLPADDING="0" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse">
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="width: 0.25in; text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 0.25in; text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#9679;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">collaborators
    may have significant discretion in determining the efforts and resources that they will apply to these collaborations;</FONT></TD></TR>
</TABLE>
<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<TABLE CELLSPACING="0" CELLPADDING="0" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse">
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="width: 0.25in; text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 0.25in; text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#9679;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">collaborators
    may not pursue development and commercialization of our product candidate or may elect not to continue or renew development
    or commercialization programs based on preclinical or clinical trial results, changes in the collaborators&rsquo;&nbsp;strategic
    focus or available funding, or external factors such as an acquisition that diverts resources or creates competing priorities;</FONT></TD></TR>
</TABLE>
<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<TABLE CELLSPACING="0" CELLPADDING="0" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse">
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="width: 0.25in; text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 0.25in; text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#9679;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">collaborators
    may delay clinical trials, provide insufficient funding for a clinical trial program, stop a clinical trial or abandon a product
    candidate, repeat or conduct new clinical trials or require a new formulation of a product candidate for clinical testing;</FONT></TD></TR>
</TABLE>
<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<TABLE CELLSPACING="0" CELLPADDING="0" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse">
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="width: 0.25in; text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 0.25in; text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#9679;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">collaborators
    could independently develop, or develop with third parties, products that compete directly or indirectly with our product
    candidate if the collaborators believe that competitive products are more likely to be successfully developed or can be commercialized
    under terms that are more economically attractive than ours;</FONT></TD></TR>
</TABLE>
<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<TABLE CELLSPACING="0" CELLPADDING="0" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse">
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="width: 0.25in; text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 0.25in; text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#9679;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">collaborators
    with marketing and distribution rights to one or more products may not commit sufficient resources to the marketing and distribution
    of such product or products;</FONT></TD></TR>
</TABLE>
<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"></FONT></P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<TABLE CELLSPACING="0" CELLPADDING="0" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse">
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="width: 0.25in; text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 0.25in; text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#9679;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">collaborators
    may not properly maintain or defend our intellectual property rights or may use our proprietary information in such a way
    as to invite litigation that could jeopardize or invalidate our intellectual property or proprietary information or expose
    us to potential litigation;</FONT></TD></TR>
</TABLE>
<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<TABLE CELLSPACING="0" CELLPADDING="0" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse">
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="width: 0.25in; text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 0.25in; text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#9679;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">collaborators
    may infringe the intellectual property rights of third parties, which may expose us to litigation and potential liability;</FONT></TD></TR>
</TABLE>
<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<TABLE CELLSPACING="0" CELLPADDING="0" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse">
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="width: 0.25in; text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 0.25in; text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#9679;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">disputes
    may arise between the collaborators and us that result in the delay or termination of the research, development or commercialization
    of our product candidate or that result in costly litigation or arbitration that diverts management attention and resources;
    and</FONT></TD></TR>
</TABLE>
<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<TABLE CELLSPACING="0" CELLPADDING="0" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse">
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="width: 0.25in; text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 0.25in; text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#9679;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">collaborations
    may be terminated and, if terminated, may result in a need for additional capital to pursue further development or commercialization
    of the applicable product candidates.</FONT></TD></TR>
</TABLE>
<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Collaborative
agreements may not lead to development or commercialization of our product candidate in the most efficient manner or at all. If
a collaborator of ours were to be involved in a business combination, the continued pursuit and emphasis on our product development
or commercialization program could be delayed, diminished or terminated.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B><I>ABVC,
through BioLite, may not be able to receive the full amounts available under the collaboration agreement by and between BioLite,
Inc. and BioHopeKing, which could increase its burden to seek additional capital to fund the business operations.</I></B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">In
February and December 2015, BioLite, Inc., a subsidiary of BioLite, entered into a total of three collaboration agreements with
BioHopeKing to jointly develop ABV-1501 for TNBC (or BLI-1401-2 as used by BioLite internally) and ABV-1504 for MDD (or BLI-1005
as used by BioLite internally) in most Asian countries and BLI-1006, which has been later replaced with BLI-1008 for ADHD in Asia,
excluding Japan. ABVC and BioLite are co-developing ABV-1501 for TNBC and ABV-1504 for MDD pursuant to the Collaboration Agreement
and its Addendum entered by and between BriVision and BioLite Taiwan where ABVC and BriVision are responsible for the clinical
trials of such two new drug candidates. In accordance with the terms of the BioHopeKing Collaboration Agreement for ABV-1501 or
BLI-1401-2 and the Addendum thereto, BioLite shall receive payments of a total of $10 million in cash and equity of BioHopeKing
or equity securities owned by it at various stages on a schedule dictated by BioLite&rsquo;s achievements of certain milestones
and twelve per cent (12%) of net sales of the drug products when ABV-1501 or BLI-1401-2 is approved for sale in the licensed territories.
If BioLite fails to reach any of the milestones in a timely manner, it may not receive the rest of the payments from BioHopeKing.
As a result of BioLite&rsquo;s potential inability to receive the full payments under those collaboration agreements with BioHopeKing,
ABVC may have to seek other sources of financing to fund its operation activities.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B><I>ABVC
and its Subsidiaries may not be successful in establishing and maintaining additional strategic partnerships, which could adversely
affect ABVC&rsquo;s ability to develop and commercialize products, negatively impacting its operating results.</I></B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">In
addition to ABVC&rsquo;s current collaboration with BioHopeKing for selected Asian markets, a part of its strategy is to evaluate
and, as deemed appropriate, enter into additional partnerships in the future with major biotechnology or pharmaceutical companies.
ABVC&rsquo;s products may prove to be difficult to effectively license out as planned. Various regulatory, commercial and manufacturing
factors may impact ABVC&rsquo;s ability to seek co-developers of or grow revenues from licensing out any of the six products in
the pipeline, none of which has been fully licensed out. Specifically, ABVC may encounter difficulty by virtue of:</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<TABLE CELLSPACING="0" CELLPADDING="0" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse">
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="width: 0.25in; text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 0.25in; text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#9679;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">its
    inability to effectively identify and align with commercial partners in the U.S. to collaborate the development of ABV-1504
    for the treatment of Major Depressive Disorder, ABV-1505 to treat Attention-Deficit Hyperactivity Disease, ABV-1501 for the
    treatment of Triple Negative Breast Cancer, ABV-1703 to the treatment of Pancreatic Cancer, ABV-1601 to treat Depression in
    Cancer Patients and ABV-1702 to treat Myelodysplastic syndromes and ABV-1701 Vitargus for the treatments of Retinal Detachment
    or Vitreous Hemorrhage;</FONT></TD></TR>
</TABLE>
<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"></FONT></P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<TABLE CELLSPACING="0" CELLPADDING="0" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse">
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="width: 0.25in; text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 0.25in; text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#9679;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">its
    inability to secure appropriate contract research organizations (&ldquo;CRO&rdquo;s) to conduct data analysis, lab research
    and FDA communication; and</FONT></TD></TR>
</TABLE>
<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<TABLE CELLSPACING="0" CELLPADDING="0" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse">
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="width: 0.25in; text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 0.25in; text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#9679;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">its
    inability to effectively continue clinical studies on and secure positive research results of all of our investigational new
    drugs to attract additional commercial collaborators outside the U.S.</FONT></TD></TR>
</TABLE>
<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">ABVC
faces significant competition in seeking appropriate partners for its therapeutic candidates, and the negotiation process is time-consuming
and complex. In order for ABVC to successfully partner its autoimmune, CNS and hematology therapeutic candidates, potential partners
must view these medicinal candidates as economically valuable in markets they determine to be attractive in light of the terms
that ABVC is seeking and compared to other available products for licensing by other companies. Even if ABVC is successful in
its efforts to establish new strategic partnerships, the terms that ABVC agrees upon may not be favorable, and it may not be able
to maintain such strategic partnerships if, for example, development or approval of an autoimmune therapeutic is delayed or sales
of an approved product are disappointing. Any delay in entering into new strategic partnership agreements related to any of ABVC&rsquo;s
therapeutic candidates could delay the development and commercialization of such candidates and reduce its competitiveness even
if it reaches the market.&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">If
ABVC fails to establish and maintain additional strategic partnerships or collaboration related to its therapeutic candidates
that have not been fully licensed, it will bear all of the risk and costs related to the development of any such drug candidate,
and it may need to seek additional financing, hire additional employees and otherwise develop expertise for which it has not budgeted.
This could negatively affect the development of any incompletely partnered new drug candidates.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B><I>ABVC&rsquo;s
licensors may choose to terminate any of the license agreements with ABVC. As a result, ABVC&rsquo;s research and development
of the new drug candidate which contains the underlying API may be terminated abruptly. </I></B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">If
ABVC&rsquo;s Subsidiary BioLite materially breaches any license agreements it has with Yukiguni Maitake Co. (&ldquo;Yukiguni&rdquo;),
Medical and Pharmaceutical Industry Technology and Development Center (&ldquo;MPITDC&rdquo;) or Industrial Technology Research
Institute (&ldquo;ITRI&rdquo;), or any of such license agreement terminates unexpectedly, BioLite may not be able to continue
its research and development of the new drug candidate which contains the underlying API whose license has been terminated. Pursuant
to the Yukiguni License Agreement, if BioLite fails to meet the milestone sales requirement or submit certain applications to
the appropriate health authorities on a schedule prescribed therein, Yukiguni shall have the right to terminate the Yukiguni License
Agreement. If the Yukiguni License Agreement is terminated involuntarily, BioLite will be forced to discontinue its new drug development
of ABV-1702, ABV-1502 and ABV-1501 and terminate the collaboration agreements relating to the three new drug candidates. The termination
of the right to use the underlying API will materially disrupt the operations of ABVC. Pursuant to the license agreement between
BioLite Taiwan and ITRI, if BioLite Taiwan fails to complete the research submission milestones according to the schedule set
forth therein without reasons or with reasons unstatisfied with ITRI, ITRI shall have the right to terminate the license agreement
with BioLite Taiwan without refund to BioLite Taiwan. BioLite Taiwan and BioLite have submitted the IND for PDC-1421 and subsequently
conducted Phase II clinical trials of two drug candidiates developed from PDC-1421 according to the schedule listed in the license
agreement between BioLite Taiwan and MPITDC.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B><I>ABVC&rsquo;s
Subsidiary BioLite depends on one supplier for the API of ABV-1702, ABV-1502 and ABV-1501 and any failure of such supplier to
deliver sufficient quantities of the API that meets its quality standard could have a material adverse effect on its research
of these three drug candidates. </I></B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Currently
BioLite relies primarily on Yukiguni, a Japanese supplier, to provide Yukiguni Maitake Extract 404, the API which is contained
in ABV-1702, ABV-1502 and ABV-1501, three of the six drug candidates in BioLite&rsquo;s oncology/hematology portfolio. It has
entered into the Yukiguni License Agreement, among other things, for the delivery of Yukiguni Maitake Extract 404, which is patented
in Japan and China. BioLite agrees to fulfill its demand of the Yukiguni Maitake Extract 404 by purchasing first from Yukiguni
respecting the therapeutic products and Yukiguni represents that it will provide sufficient quantities of such API that meets
cGMP standards. If the supplies of Yukiguni Maitake Extract 404 were interrupted for any reason, BioLite&rsquo;s research and
development activities of these three drug candidates could be delayed. These delays could be extensive and expensive, especially
in situations where a substitution is not readily available.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"></FONT></P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Although
BioLite may negotiate with other vendors that could provide Yukiguni Maitake Extract 404, it cannot guarantee that it will be
able to find such vendors. Failure to obtain adequate supplies of high quality Yukiguni Maitake Extract 404 in a timely manner
could have a disruptive effect on ABVC and BioLite&rsquo;s research and development activities of ABV-1702, ABV-1502 and ABV-1501,
resulting in a material adverse effect on the Company&rsquo;s business, financial condition and results of operations.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"> <FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B><I>With
respect to generic drugs, ABVC&rsquo;s sales and marketing functionare currently very limited and ABVC currently relies on third
parties to promote its products to physicians in the U.S. and rely on its foreign partners with respect to marketing and distribution
of its generic drugs outside the U.S. Failure to maintain commercial marketing and sales partners or attract qualified marketing
and sales personnel will have material adverse effects on the results of the Company&rsquo;s operations.</I></B></FONT> </P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">ABVC
has marketing personnel to develop clientele for its CDMO business line but does not have marketing and sales human capital for
its generic drug products. ABVC heavily relies on third parties to promote its products to physicians in the U.S. and rely on
its foreign partners to conduct marketing and sales outside the U.S. ABVC will need to maintain its commercial marketing and sales
partners and attract others or be in a position to afford qualified or experienced marketing and sales personnel to market its
generic drug products. Failure to maintain commercial marketing and sales partners or attract qualified marketing and sales personnel
will have material adverse effects on the results of the Company&rsquo;s operations.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B><I>ABVC
may use hazardous chemicals and biological materials in its business. Any claims relating to improper handling, storage or disposal
of these materials could be time consuming and costly. </I></B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">ABVC&rsquo;s
research and development may involve the controlled use of hazardous materials, including chemicals and biological materials.
ABVC cannot eliminate the risk of accidental contamination or discharge and any resulting injury from these materials. ABVC may
be sued for any injury or contamination that results from its use or the use by third parties of these materials, and its liability
may exceed any insurance coverage and its total assets. Federal, state and local laws and regulations govern the use, manufacture,
storage, handling and disposal of these hazardous materials and specified waste products, as well as the discharge of pollutants
into the environment and human health and safety matters. Although ABVC makes its best efforts to comply with environmental laws
and regulations despite the associated high costs and inconvenience, ABVC cannot guarantee that it will not mishandle any hazardous
materials in the future. If it fails to comply with these requirements or any improper handling of hazardous materials occurs,
it could incur substantial costs, including civil or criminal fines and penalties, clean-up costs or capital expenditures for
control equipment or operational changes necessary to achieve and maintain compliance. In addition, ABVC cannot predict the impact
on its business of new or amended environmental laws or regulations or any changes in the way existing and future laws and regulations
are interpreted and enforced.&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B><I>The
facilities where the samples of drug candidates are manufactured need to be maintained and monitored in compliance with the good
manufacturing practice standards, the failure of such maintenance could contaminate the results of our clinical trials and adversely
affect our operations.</I></B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">ABVC&rsquo;s
Subsidiary BioKey operates a laboratory facility that is a certified good manufacturing practice facility (&ldquo;cGMP&rdquo;)
and some of its contract clinical trial service providers use cGMP facilities to conduct clinical studies. ABVC cannot be certain
that ABVC or its present or future contract manufacturers or suppliers will be able to comply with cGMPs regulations and other
FDA regulatory requirements. Failure to comply with these requirements may result in, among other things, total or partial suspension
of production activities, failure of the FDA to grant approval for marketing, and withdrawal, suspension, or revocation of marketing
approvals.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"></FONT></P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B><U>Risks
Related to Intellectual Property</U></B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B><I>&nbsp;</I></B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B><I>Pharmaceutical
patents and patent applications involve highly complex legal and factual questions, which, if determined adversely to the Company,
could negatively impact its respective licensors&rsquo; patent position and interrupt its research activities. </I></B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
patent positions of pharmaceutical companies and research institutions can be highly uncertain and involve complex legal and factual
questions. The interpretation and breadth of claims allowed in some patents covering pharmaceutical compositions may be uncertain
and difficult to determine, and are often affected materially by the facts and circumstances that pertain to the patented compositions
and the related patent claims. The standards of the U.S. Patent and Trademark Office, or USPTO, are sometimes uncertain and could
change in the future. Consequently, the issuance and scope of patents cannot be predicted with certainty. Patents, if issued,
may be challenged, invalidated or circumvented. U.S. patents and patent applications may also be subject to interference proceedings,
and U.S. patents may be subject to re-examination proceedings, post-grant review and/or inter parties review in the USPTO. Foreign
patents may be subject to opposition or comparable proceedings in the corresponding foreign patent office, which could result
in either loss of the patent or denial of the patent application or loss or reduction in the scope of one or more of the claims
of the patent or patent application. In addition, such interference, re-examination, post-grant review, inter parties review and
opposition proceedings may be costly. Accordingly, rights under any issued patents may not provide the Company with sufficient
protection against competitive products or processes.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">In
addition, changes in or different interpretations of patent laws in the U.S. and foreign countries may permit others to use discoveries
of the Company or to develop and commercialize their new drug candidates without providing any compensation thereto, or may limit
the number of patents or claims the Company can obtain. The laws of some countries do not protect intellectual property rights
to the same extent as U.S. laws and those countries may lack adequate rules and procedures for defending the intellectual property
rights of the Company.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">If
the Company fails to obtain and maintain patent protection and trade secret protection of its respective products, the Company
could lose their competitive advantages and competition it faces would increase, reducing any potential revenues and adversely
affecting its ability to attain or maintain profitability.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B><I>Developments
in patent law could have a negative impact on the Company&rsquo;s Licensors&rsquo; patent positions and the Company&rsquo;s business.</I></B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">From
time to time, the U.S. Supreme Court, other federal courts, the U.S. Congress or the USPTO may change the standards of patentability
and any such changes could have a negative impact on the Company&rsquo;s business.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">In
addition, the Leahy-Smith America Invents Act, or the America Invents Act, which was signed into law in 2011, includes a number
of significant changes to U.S. patent law. These changes include a transition from a &ldquo;first-to-invent&rdquo; system to a
&ldquo;first-to-file&rdquo; system, changes the way issued patents are challenged, and changes the way patent applications are
disputed during the examination process. These changes may favor larger and more established companies that have greater resources
to devote to patent application filing and prosecution. The USPTO has developed regulations and procedures to govern the full
implementation of the America Invents Act, and many of the substantive changes to patent law associated with the America Invents
Act, and, in particular, the first-to-file provisions, became effective on March 16, 2013. Substantive changes to patent law associated
with the America Invents Act may affect the Company, BioLite and BioKey&rsquo;s ability to obtain patents, and if obtained, to
enforce or defend them. Accordingly, it is not clear what, if any, impact the America Invents Act will ultimately have on the
cost of prosecuting the Company&rsquo;s patent applications, its ability to obtain patents based on its discoveries and its ability
to enforce or defend its patents.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B><I>If
the Company is unable to protect the confidentiality of its trade secrets, its business and competitive position would be harmed,
respectively. </I></B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">In
addition to patent protection, because the Company operates in the highly technical field of discovery and development of therapies,
it relies in part on trade secret protection in order to protect its proprietary technology and processes. However, trade secrets
are difficult to protect. The Company has entered into confidentiality and non-disclosure agreements with its employees, consultants,
outside scientific and commercial collaborators, sponsored researchers, and other advisors. These agreements generally require
that the other party keep confidential and not disclose to third parties any confidential information developed by the party or
made known to the party by the Company during the course of the party&rsquo;s relationship therewith. These agreements also generally
provide that inventions conceived by the party in the course of rendering services to the Company will be ABVC&rsquo;s exclusive
property. However, these agreements may not be honored and may not effectively assign intellectual property rights to the Company.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"></FONT></P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">In
addition to contractual measures, the Company tries to protect the confidential nature of its proprietary information using physical
and technological security measures. Such measures may not, for example, in the case of misappropriation of a trade secret by
an employee or third party with authorized access, provide adequate protection for the Company. The Company&rsquo;s security measures
may not prevent an employee or consultant from misappropriating its trade secrets and providing them to a competitor, and recourse
it takes against such misconduct may not provide an adequate remedy to protect the Company&rsquo;s interests fully. Enforcing
a claim that a party illegally disclosed or misappropriated a trade secret can be difficult, expensive, and time-consuming, and
the outcome is unpredictable. In addition, courts outside the U.S. may be less willing to protect trade secrets. Trade secrets
may be independently developed by others in a manner that could prevent legal recourse by the Company. If the Company&rsquo;s
confidential or proprietary information, such as the trade secrets, were to be disclosed or misappropriated, or if any such information
was independently developed by a competitor, its competitive position could be harmed.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B><I>Third
parties may assert that the Company&rsquo;s employees or consultants have wrongfully used or disclosed confidential information
or misappropriated trade secrets. </I></B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
Company might employ individuals who were previously employed at universities or other biopharmaceutical companies, including
its competitors or potential competitors. Although through certain non-disclosure covenants and employment agreements with its
officers and employees, the Company tries to ensure that its employees and consultants do not use the proprietary information
or know-how of others in the work for the Company, the Company may be subject to claims that it or its employees, consultants
or independent contractors have inadvertently or otherwise used or disclosed intellectual property, including trade secrets or
other proprietary information, of a former employer or other third parties. Litigation may be necessary to defend against these
claims. If the Company fails in defending any such claims, in addition to paying monetary damages, the Company may lose valuable
intellectual property rights or personnel. Even if the Company is successful in defending against such claims, litigation could
result in substantial costs and be a distraction to the Company&rsquo;s management and other employees.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B><I>ABVC&rsquo;s
ability to compete may decline if it does not adequately protect its proprietary rights or if it is barred by the intellectual
property rights of others. </I></B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">ABVC&rsquo;s
commercial success depends on obtaining and maintaining proprietary rights to its drug candidates as well as successfully defending
these rights against third-party challenges. ABVC obtains its rights to use and research certain proprietary information to further
develop the drug candidates primarily from three institutions, MPITDC, ITRI and Yukiguni (collectively the &ldquo;Licensors&rdquo;).
These three institutions own the intellectual property rights in the products that have been licensed to us and may prosecute
new patents of the drug candidates that are invented or discovered within the licensed scope of use under the respective license
agreements. ABVC will only be able to protect its new drug candidates from unauthorized use by third parties to the extent that
its valid and enforceable patents, or effectively protected trade secrets and know-how, cover them.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">ABVC&rsquo;s
ability to obtain new patent protection for its new drug candidates is uncertain due to a number of factors, including that:</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<TABLE CELLSPACING="0" CELLPADDING="0" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse">
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="width: 0.25in; text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 0.25in; text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#9679;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">ABVC
    may not have been the first to make the inventions covered by pending patent applications or issued patents;</FONT></TD></TR>
</TABLE>
<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<TABLE CELLSPACING="0" CELLPADDING="0" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse">
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="width: 0.25in; text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 0.25in; text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#9679;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">ABVC
    may not have been the first to file patent applications for its new drug candidates;</FONT></TD></TR>
</TABLE>
<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<TABLE CELLSPACING="0" CELLPADDING="0" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse">
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="width: 0.25in; text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 0.25in; text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#9679;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">others
    may independently develop identical, similar or alternative products or compositions and uses thereof;</FONT></TD></TR>
</TABLE>
<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<TABLE CELLSPACING="0" CELLPADDING="0" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse">
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="width: 0.25in; text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 0.25in; text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#9679;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">ABVC&rsquo;s
    disclosures in patent applications may not be sufficient to meet the statutory requirements for patentability;</FONT></TD></TR>
</TABLE>
<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<TABLE CELLSPACING="0" CELLPADDING="0" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse">
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="width: 0.25in; text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 0.25in; text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#9679;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">any
    or all of ABVC&rsquo;s pending patent applications may not result in issued patents;</FONT></TD></TR>
</TABLE>
<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"></FONT></P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<TABLE CELLSPACING="0" CELLPADDING="0" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse">
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="width: 0.25in; text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 0.25in; text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#9679;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">ABVC
    may not seek or obtain patent protection in countries that may eventually provide a significant business opportunity;</FONT></TD></TR>
</TABLE>
<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<TABLE CELLSPACING="0" CELLPADDING="0" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse">
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="width: 0.25in; text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 0.25in; text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#9679;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">any
    patents issued to ABVC may not provide a basis for commercially viable products, may not provide any competitive advantages,
    or may be successfully challenged by third parties;</FONT></TD></TR>
</TABLE>
<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<TABLE CELLSPACING="0" CELLPADDING="0" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse">
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="width: 0.25in; text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 0.25in; text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#9679;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">ABVC&rsquo;s
    methods may not be patentable;</FONT></TD></TR>
</TABLE>
<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<TABLE CELLSPACING="0" CELLPADDING="0" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse">
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="width: 0.25in; text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 0.25in; text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#9679;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">ABVC&rsquo;s
    licensors may successfully challenge that ABVC&rsquo;s new patent application fall outside the licensed use of the products;
    or</FONT></TD></TR>
</TABLE>
<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<TABLE CELLSPACING="0" CELLPADDING="0" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse">
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="width: 0.25in; text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 0.25in; text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#9679;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">others
    may design around ABVC&rsquo;s patent claims to produce competitive products which fall outside of the scope of its patents.</FONT></TD></TR>
</TABLE>
<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Even
if ABVC has or obtains new patents covering its new drug candidates, ABVC may still be barred from making, using and selling them
because of the patent rights of others. Others may have filed, and in the future may file, patent applications covering products
that are similar or identical to ABVC. There are many issued U.S. and foreign patents relating to therapeutic products and some
of these relate to ABVC&rsquo;s new drug candidates. These could materially affect ABVC&rsquo;s ability to develop its drug candidates.
Because patent applications can take many years to issue, there may be currently pending applications unknown to ABVC that may
later result in issued patents that its new drug candidates may infringe. These patent applications may have priority over patent
applications filed by ABVC.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B><I>The
Company and its respective licensors may not be able to enforce their intellectual property rights throughout the world. </I></B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
laws of some foreign countries do not protect intellectual property rights to the same extent as the laws of the U.S. Many companies
have encountered significant problems in protecting and defending intellectual property rights in certain foreign jurisdictions.
The legal systems of some countries, particularly developing countries, do not favor the enforcement of patents and other intellectual
property protection, especially those relating to pharmaceuticals and medical devices. This could make it difficult for the Company
and its respective licensors to stop the infringement of some of the Licensors&rsquo; patents, or the misappropriation of their
other intellectual property rights. For example, many foreign countries have compulsory licensing laws under which a patent owner
must grant licenses to third parties. In addition, many countries limit the enforceability of patents against third parties, including
government agencies or government contractors. In these countries, patents may provide limited or no benefit. Patent protection
must ultimately be sought on a country-by-country basis, which is an expensive and time-consuming process with uncertain outcomes.
Accordingly, the Company and its licensors have chosen in the past and may choose in the future not to seek patent protection
in certain countries, and as a result the Company will not have the benefit of patent protection in such countries. Moreover,
the Company may choose in the future not to seek patent protection in certain countries, and as a result it will not have the
benefit of patent protection in such countries.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Proceedings
to enforce the Company&rsquo;s and its licensors&rsquo; patent rights in foreign jurisdictions could result in substantial costs
and divert its efforts and attention from other aspects of the businesses. Accordingly, the efforts to protect the Company&rsquo;s
intellectual property rights in such countries may be inadequate. In addition, changes in the law and legal decisions by courts
in the U.S. and foreign countries may affect the Company&rsquo;s ability to obtain adequate protection for its technology and
the enforcement of intellectual property.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"> <FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B><U>Regulatory
Risks Relating to Biopharmaceutical Business</U></B></FONT> </P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B><I>The
Company is subject to various government regulations.</I></B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
manufacture and sale of human therapeutic and diagnostic products in the U.S. and foreign jurisdictions are governed by a variety
of statutes and regulations. These laws require approval of manufacturing facilities, controlled research and testing of products
and government review and approval of a submission containing manufacturing, preclinical and clinical data in order to obtain
marketing approval based on establishing the safety and efficacy of the product for each use sought, including adherence to current
PIC/S Guide to Good Manufacturing Practice for Medicinal products during production and storage, and control of marketing activities,
including advertising and labeling.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"></FONT></P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
products the Company is currently developing will require significant development, preclinical and clinical testing and investment
of substantial funds prior to its commercialization. The process of obtaining required approvals can be costly and time-consuming,
and there can be no assurance that future products will be successfully developed and will prove to be safe and effective in clinical
trials or receive applicable regulatory approvals. Markets other than the U.S. have similar restrictions. Potential investors
and shareholders should be aware of the risks, problems, delays, expenses and difficulties which we may encounter in view of the
extensive regulatory environment which controls our business.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B><I>The
Company cannot be certain that it will be able to obtain regulatory approval for, or successfully commercialize, any of its current
or future product candidates. </I></B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
Company may not be able to develop any current or future product candidates. The Company&rsquo;s new drug candidates will require
substantial additional clinical development, testing, and regulatory approval before the commencement of commercialization. The
clinical trials of the Company&rsquo;s drug candidates are, and the manufacturing and marketing of our new drug candidates will
be subject to extensive and rigorous review and regulation by numerous government authorities in the U.S. and in other countries
where the Company intend to test and, if approved, market any new drug candidate. Before obtaining regulatory approvals for the
commercial sale of any product candidate, the Company must demonstrate through pre-clinical testing and clinical trials that the
product candidate is safe and effective for use in each target indication. This process can take many years and may include post-marketing
studies and surveillance, which will require the expenditure of substantial resources. Of the large number of drugs in development
in the U.S., only a small percentage successfully completes the FDA regulatory approval process and is commercialized. Accordingly,
even if the Company is able to obtain the requisite financing to continue to fund its development and clinical programs, it cannot
assure the investors that any of the product candidates will be successfully developed or commercialized.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
Company is not permitted to market a therapeutic product in the U.S. until it receives approval of an NDA or ANDA, for that product
from the FDA, or in any foreign countries until they receive the requisite approval from such countries. Obtaining approval of
an NDA is a complex, lengthy, expensive and uncertain process, and the FDA may delay, limit or deny approval of any product candidate
for many reasons, including, among others:</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<TABLE CELLSPACING="0" CELLPADDING="0" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse">
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="width: 0.25in; text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 0.25in; text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#9679;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Unable
    to demonstrate that a product candidate is safe and effective to the satisfaction of the FDA;</FONT></TD></TR>
</TABLE>
<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<TABLE CELLSPACING="0" CELLPADDING="0" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse">
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="width: 0.25in; text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 0.25in; text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#9679;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">the
    results of the Company&rsquo;s clinical trials may not meet the level of statistical or clinical significance required by
    the FDA for marketing approval;</FONT></TD></TR>
</TABLE>
<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<TABLE CELLSPACING="0" CELLPADDING="0" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse">
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="width: 0.25in; text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 0.25in; text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#9679;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">the
    FDA may not approve the formulation of any product candidate;</FONT></TD></TR>
</TABLE>
<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<TABLE CELLSPACING="0" CELLPADDING="0" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse">
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="width: 0.25in; text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 0.25in; text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#9679;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">the
    CROs, that BioLite or the Company retains to conduct its clinical trials may take actions outside of its control that materially
    adversely impact its clinical trials;</FONT></TD></TR>
</TABLE>
<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<TABLE CELLSPACING="0" CELLPADDING="0" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse">
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="width: 0.25in; text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 0.25in; text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#9679;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">delays
    in patient enrollment, variability in the number and types of patients available for clinical trials, and lower-than anticipated
    retention rates for patients in clinical trials;</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#9679;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">the
    FDA may find the data from pre-clinical studies and clinical trials insufficient to demonstrate that a product candidate&rsquo;s
    clinical and other benefits outweigh its safety risks, such as the risk of drug abuse by patients or the public in general;</FONT></TD></TR>
</TABLE>
<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<TABLE CELLSPACING="0" CELLPADDING="0" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse">
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="width: 0.25in; text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 0.25in; text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#9679;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">the
    FDA may disagree with the interpretation of data from the Company&rsquo;s pre-clinical studies and clinical trials;</FONT></TD></TR>
</TABLE>
<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<TABLE CELLSPACING="0" CELLPADDING="0" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse">
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="width: 0.25in; text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 0.25in; text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#9679;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">the
    FDA may not accept data generated at the Company&rsquo;s clinical trial sites;</FONT></TD></TR>
</TABLE>
<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"></FONT></P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<TABLE CELLSPACING="0" CELLPADDING="0" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse">
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="width: 0.25in; text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 0.25in; text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#9679;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">if
    an NDA, if and when submitted, is reviewed by an advisory committee, the FDA may have difficulties scheduling an advisory
    committee meeting in a timely manner or the advisory committee may recommend against approval of our application or may recommend
    that the FDA require, as a condition of approval, additional pre-clinical studies or clinical trials, limitations on approved
    labeling or distribution and use restrictions;</FONT></TD></TR>
</TABLE>
<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<TABLE CELLSPACING="0" CELLPADDING="0" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse">
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="width: 0.25in; text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 0.25in; text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#9679;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">the
    FDA may require development of a Risk Evaluation and Mitigation Strategy, or REMS, as a condition of approval or post-approval;
    or</FONT></TD></TR>
</TABLE>
<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<TABLE CELLSPACING="0" CELLPADDING="0" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse">
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="width: 0.25in; text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 0.25in; text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#9679;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">the
    FDA may change its approval policies or adopt new regulations.</FONT></TD></TR>
</TABLE>
<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">These
same risks apply to applicable foreign regulatory agencies from which the Company, through BioLite, may seek approval for any
of our new drug candidates.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Any
of these factors, many of which are beyond the Company&rsquo;s control, could jeopardize its ability to obtain regulatory approval
for and successfully market any new drug candidate. As a result, any such setback in the Company&rsquo;s pursuit of initial or
additional regulatory approval would have a material adverse effect on its business and prospects.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">If
the Company does not successfully complete pre-clinical and Phase I and II clinical development, it will be unable to receive
full payments under their respective collaboration agreements, find future collaborators or partners to take the drug candidates
to Phase III clinical trials. Even if the Company successfully completes all Phase I and II clinical trials, those results are
not necessarily predictive of results of additional trials that may be needed before an NDA for Phase III trials may be submitted
to the FDA. Although there are a large number of drugs in development in the U.S. and other countries, only a very small percentage
result in commercialization, and even fewer achieve widespread physician and consumer acceptance following the regulatory approval.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">In
addition, the Company may encounter delays or drug candidate rejections based on new governmental regulations, future legislative
or administrative actions, or changes in FDA policy or interpretation during the period of product development. If the Company
obtains required regulatory approvals, such approvals may later be withdrawn. Delays or failures in obtaining regulatory approvals
may result in:</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<TABLE CELLSPACING="0" CELLPADDING="0" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse">
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="width: 0.25in; text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 0.25in; text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#9679;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">varying
    interpretations of data and commitments by the FDA and similar foreign regulatory agencies; and</FONT></TD></TR>
</TABLE>
<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<TABLE CELLSPACING="0" CELLPADDING="0" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse">
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="width: 0.25in; text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 0.25in; text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#9679;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">diminishment
    of any competitive advantages that such drug candidates may have or attain.</FONT></TD></TR>
</TABLE>
<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Furthermore,
if the Company fails to comply with applicable FDA and other regulatory requirements at any stage during this regulatory process,
the Company may encounter or be subject to:</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<TABLE CELLSPACING="0" CELLPADDING="0" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse">
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="width: 0.25in; text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 0.25in; text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#9679;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">delays
    or termination in clinical trials or commercialization;</FONT></TD></TR>
</TABLE>
<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<TABLE CELLSPACING="0" CELLPADDING="0" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse">
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="width: 0.25in; text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 0.25in; text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#9679;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">refusal
    by the FDA or similar foreign regulatory agencies to review pending applications or supplements to approved applications;</FONT></TD></TR>
</TABLE>
<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<TABLE CELLSPACING="0" CELLPADDING="0" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse">
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="width: 0.25in; text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 0.25in; text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#9679;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">product
    recalls or seizures;</FONT></TD></TR>
</TABLE>
<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

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    <TD STYLE="width: 0.25in; text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 0.25in; text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#9679;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">suspension
    of manufacturing;</FONT></TD></TR>
</TABLE>
<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

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<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="width: 0.25in; text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 0.25in; text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#9679;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">withdrawals
    of previously approved marketing applications; and</FONT></TD></TR>
</TABLE>
<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<TABLE CELLSPACING="0" CELLPADDING="0" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse">
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="width: 0.25in; text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 0.25in; text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#9679;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">fines,
    civil penalties, and criminal prosecutions.</FONT></TD></TR>
</TABLE>
<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"></FONT></P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B><I>The
Company faces substantial competition from companies with considerably more resources and experience than the Company has, which
may result in others discovering, developing, receiving approval for, or commercializing products before or more successfully
than the Company. </I></B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
Company competes with companies that research, develop, manufacture and market already-existing and new pharmaceutical products
in the fields of CNS, hematology/oncology and autoimmune. The Company anticipates that it will face increased competition in the
future as new companies enter the market with new drugs and/or technologies and/or their competitors improve their current products.
One or more of their competitors may offer new drugs superior to the Company&rsquo;s and render the Company&rsquo;s drugs uneconomical.
A lot of the Company&rsquo;s current competitors, as well as many of its respective potential competitors, have greater name recognition,
more substantial intellectual property portfolios, longer operating histories, significantly greater resources to invest in new
drug development, more substantial experience in product marketing and new product development, greater regulatory expertise,
more extensive manufacturing capabilities and the distribution channels to deliver products to customers. If the Company is not
able to compete successfully, it may not generate sufficient revenue to become profitable. The Company&rsquo;s ability to compete
successfully will depend largely on its ability to:</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<TABLE CELLSPACING="0" CELLPADDING="0" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse">
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="width: 0.25in; text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 0.25in; text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#9679;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">successfully
    commercialize its drug candidates with commercial partners;</FONT></TD></TR>
</TABLE>
<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<TABLE CELLSPACING="0" CELLPADDING="0" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse">
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="width: 0.25in; text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 0.25in; text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#9679;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">discover
    and develop new drug candidates that are superior to other products in the market;</FONT></TD></TR>
</TABLE>
<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<TABLE CELLSPACING="0" CELLPADDING="0" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse">
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="width: 0.25in; text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 0.25in; text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#9679;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">with
    its collaborators, obtain required regulatory approvals;</FONT></TD></TR>
</TABLE>
<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<TABLE CELLSPACING="0" CELLPADDING="0" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse">
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="width: 0.25in; text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 0.25in; text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#9679;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">attract
    and retain qualified personnel; and</FONT></TD></TR>
</TABLE>
<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<TABLE CELLSPACING="0" CELLPADDING="0" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse">
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="width: 0.25in; text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 0.25in; text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#9679;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">obtain
    patent and/or other proprietary protection for its product candidates.</FONT></TD></TR>
</TABLE>
<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Established
pharmaceutical companies devote significant financial resources to discovering, developing or licensing novel compounds that could
make the Company&rsquo;s products and product candidates obsolete. Our competitors may obtain patent protection, receive FDA approval,
and commercialize medicines before we do. Other companies are or may become engaged in the discovery of compounds or botanical
materials that may compete with the drug candidates the Company is developing.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
Company competes with a large number of well-established pharmaceutical companies that may have more resources than the Company
does in developing therapeutics in the fields of CNS, oncology/hematology and ophthalmology.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Any
new drug candidate the Company is developing or commercializing that competes with a currently-approved product must demonstrate
compelling advantages in efficacy, convenience, tolerability and/or safety in order to address price competition and be commercially
successful. If the Company is not able to compete effectively against its current and future competitors, its business will not
grow and its financial condition and operations will suffer.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B><U>Risks
Relating to Doing Business Outside the United States</U></B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B><I>Because
part of ABVC&rsquo;s pharmaceutical research and development is conducted outside of the U.S., the Company is subject to the risks
of doing business internationally, including periodic foreign economic downturns and political instability, which may adversely
affect the Company&rsquo;s revenue and cost of doing business in Taiwan.</I></B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">ABVC
collaborates with partners whose primary place of business is in Taiwan, Republic of China and the Company has certain key employees
in Taiwan. Foreign economic downturns may affect our results of operations in the future. Additionally, other facts relating to
the operation of the Company&rsquo;s business outside of the U.S. may have a material adverse effect on the Company&rsquo;s business,
financial condition and results of operations, including:</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

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<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="width: 0.25in; text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 0.25in; text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#9679;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">international
    economic and political changes;</FONT></TD></TR>
</TABLE>
<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<TABLE CELLSPACING="0" CELLPADDING="0" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse">
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="width: 0.25in; text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 0.25in; text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#9679;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">the
    imposition of governmental controls or changes in government regulations, including tax laws, regulations and treaties;</FONT></TD></TR>
</TABLE>
<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<TABLE CELLSPACING="0" CELLPADDING="0" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse">
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="width: 0.25in; text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 0.25in; text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#9679;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">changes
    in, or impositions of, legislative or regulatory requirements regarding the pharmaceutical industry;</FONT></TD></TR>
</TABLE>
<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"></P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLSPACING="0" CELLPADDING="0" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse">
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="width: 0.25in; text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 0.25in; text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#9679;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">compliance
    with U.S. and international laws involving international operations, including the Foreign Corrupt Practices Act and export
    control laws;</FONT></TD></TR>
</TABLE>
<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<TABLE CELLSPACING="0" CELLPADDING="0" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse">
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="width: 0.25in; text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 0.25in; text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#9679;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">difficulties
    in achieving headcount reductions due to unionized labor and works councils;</FONT></TD></TR>
</TABLE>
<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<TABLE CELLSPACING="0" CELLPADDING="0" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse">
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="width: 0.25in; text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 0.25in; text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#9679;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">restrictions
    on transfers of funds and assets between jurisdictions; and</FONT></TD></TR>
</TABLE>
<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<TABLE CELLSPACING="0" CELLPADDING="0" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse">
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="width: 0.25in; text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 0.25in; text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#9679;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">China-
    Taiwan geo-political instability.</FONT></TD></TR>
</TABLE>
<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">As
the Company continues to operate its business globally, its success will depend in part, on its ability to anticipate and effectively
manage these risks. The impact of any one or more of these factors could materially adversely affect the Company&rsquo;s business,
financial condition and results of operations.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B><I>The
Company may be exposed to liabilities under the U.S. Foreign Corrupt Practices Act (&ldquo;FCPA&rdquo;) and Chinese anti-corruption
law.</I></B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
Company is subject to the FCPA, and other laws that prohibit improper payments or offers of payments to foreign governments, foreign
government officials and political parties by U.S. persons as defined by the statute for purposes of obtaining or retaining businesses.
The Company may have agreements with third parties who may make sales in mainland China and the U.S., during the process of which
the Company may be exposed to corruption. Activities in Taiwan create the risk of unauthorized payments or offers of payments
by an employee, consultant or agent of the Company, because these parties are not always subject to the Company&rsquo;s control.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Although
the Company believes to date it has complied in all material aspects with the provisions of the FCPA and Chinese anti-corruption
law, the existing safeguards and any future improvements may prove to be less than effective and any of the Company&rsquo;s employees,
consultants or agents may engage in corruptive conduct for which the Company might be held responsible. Violations of the FCPA
or Chinese anti-corruption law may result in severe criminal or civil sanctions against the Company and individuals and therefore
could negatively affect the Company&rsquo;s business, operating results and financial condition. In addition, the Taiwanese government
may seek to hold the Company liable as a successor for FCPA violations committed by companies in which the Company invests or
acquires.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B><I>If
the Company becomes directly subject to the recent scrutiny, criticism and negative publicity involving U.S.-listed Chinese companies,
we may have to expend significant resources to investigate and resolve the matters. Any unfavorable results from the investigations
could harm our business operations, this offering and our reputation.</I></B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Recently,
U.S. public companies that have substantially all of their operations in China, have been subjects of intense scrutiny, criticism
and negative publicity by investors, financial commentators and regulatory agencies, such as the SEC. Much of the scrutiny, criticism
and negative publicity has centered on financial and accounting irregularities, lack of effective internal control over financial
accountings, inadequate corporate governance and ineffective implementation thereof and, in many cases, allegations of fraud.
As a result of enhanced scrutiny, criticism and negative publicity, the publicly traded stocks of many U.S. listed Chinese companies
have sharply decreased in value and, in some cases, have become virtually worthless or illiquid. Many of these companies are now
subject to shareholder lawsuits and SEC enforcement actions and are conducting internal and external investigations into the allegations.
It is not clear what effects the sector-wide investigations will have on the Company. If the Company becomes a subject of any
unfavorable allegations, whether such allegations are proven to be true or untrue, the Company will have to expend significant
resources to investigate such allegations and defend the Company. If such allegations were not proven to be baseless, the Company
would be severely hampered and the price of the stock of the Company could decline substantially. If such allegations were proven
to be groundless, the investigation might have significantly distracted the attention of the Company&rsquo;s management.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B><I>International
operations expose the Company to currency exchange and repatriation risks, and the Company cannot predict the effect of future
exchange rate fluctuations on its business and operating results.</I></B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
Company has business operations in Taiwan and collaborative activities in the U.S. and Japan. Substantial amounts of revenues
are received and expenses are incurred in New Taiwan Dollars and U.S. dollars. Thus, the Company has exposure to currency fluctuations.
The Company cannot assure you that the effect of currency exchange fluctuations will not materially affect its revenues and net
income in the future.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B><I>&nbsp;</I></B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><B><I></I></B></FONT></P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><B><I>&nbsp;</I></B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B><I>ABVC&rsquo;s
business could be adversely affected by changes in the U.S. presidential administration</I></B>.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">A
new U.S. presidential administration came to power in January 2017 and President Trump has taken certain efforts to impose importation
tariffs from certain countries such as China and Mexico which could affect the cost of certain ABVC&rsquo;s product components
and the sales of certain ABVC&rsquo;s products and services. In addition, the Trump Administration has and will appoint and employ
many new secretaries, directors and the like into positions of authority in the U.S. Federal government dealing with the pharmaceutical
and healthcare industries that may potentially have a negative impact on the prices and the regulatory pathways for certain pharmaceuticals,
nutritional supplements and health care products such as those developed, marketed or sold by ABVC and its licensees. Such changes
in the regulatory pathways could adversely affect and or delay ABVC&rsquo;s ability to develop, market and sell their products
in the U.S.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B><U>Risks
Related to the Company&rsquo;s Financial Condition</U></B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B><I>&nbsp;</I></B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B><I>Our
existing indebtedness may adversely affect our ability to obtain additional funds and may increase our vulnerability to economic
or business downturns. </I></B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B><I>&nbsp;</I></B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">We
are subject to a number of risks associated with our indebtedness, including: 1) we must dedicate a portion of our cash flows
from operations to pay debt service costs, and therefore we have less funds available for operations and other purposes; 2) it
may be more difficult and expensive to obtain additional funds through financings, if available at all; 3) we are more vulnerable
to economic downturns and fluctuations in interest rates, less able to withstand competitive pressures and less flexible in reacting
to changes in our industry and general economic conditions; and 4) if we default under any of our existing credit facilities or
if our creditors demand payment of a portion or all of our indebtedness, we may not have sufficient funds to make such payments.
As of December 31, 2018 (on a pro forma basis as if the Mergers were closed then) and March 31, 2019, our outstanding current
liabilities were approximately $11 million and $12.4 million, respectively, which consisted primarily of advances due to related
parties.&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B><I>&nbsp;</I></B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B><I>Our
disclosure controls and procedures were not effective as of March 31, 2019 and as a result of such we do not expect that our disclosure
controls and procedures will prevent all errors and all instances of fraud. The ineffective disclosure controls and procedures
may lead to restatement of our financial statements, harm our operating results, subject us to regulatory scrutiny and sanction,
cause investors to lose confidence in our reported financial information and have a negative effect on the market prices for our
Series A Convertible Preferred Stock and Common Stock.</I></B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Effective
internal controls are necessary for us to provide reliable financial reports and effectively prevent fraud. We maintain a system
of internal control over financial reporting, which is defined as a process designed by, or under the supervision of, our principal
executive officer and principal financial officer, or persons performing similar functions, and effected by our board of directors,
management and other personnel, to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation
of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">We
maintain disclosure controls and procedures designed to provide reasonable assurance that material information required to be
disclosed by us in the reports we file or submit under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 is recorded, processed, summarized
and reported within the time periods specified in the SEC&rsquo;s rules and forms, and that the information is accumulated and
communicated to our management, including our Chief Executive Officer and interim Chief Financial Officer, as appropriate to allow
timely decisions regarding required disclosure. We performed an evaluation, under the supervision and with the participation of
our management, including our Chief Executive Officer and interim Chief Financial Officer, of the effectiveness of the design
and operation of our disclosure controls and procedures as of the end of the period covered by this prospectus. Based on their
evaluation, our management, including our Chief Executive Officer and interim Chief Financial Officer, concluded that our disclosure
controls and procedures were not effective as of March 31, 2019.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"></FONT></P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">We
do not expect that our disclosure controls and procedures will prevent all errors and all instances of fraud. Disclosure controls
and procedures, no matter how well conceived and operated, can provide only reasonable, not absolute, assurance that the objectives
of the disclosure controls and procedures are met. Further, the design of disclosure controls and procedures must reflect the
fact that there are resource constraints, and the benefits must be considered relative to their costs. Because of the inherent
limitations in all disclosure controls and procedures, no evaluation of disclosure controls and procedures can provide absolute
assurance that we have detected all our control deficiencies and instances of fraud, if any. The design of disclosure controls
and procedures is also based partly on certain assumptions about the likelihood of future events, and there can be no assurance
that any design will succeed in achieving its stated goals under all potential future conditions.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B><I>Our
articles of incorporation allow for our board to create new series of preferred stock without further approval by our stockholders,
which could adversely affect the rights of the holders of our Common Stock. </I></B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B><I>&nbsp;</I></B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Our
Board of Directors has the authority to fix and determine the relative rights and preferences of preferred stock without stockholder
approval. As a result, our Board of Directors could authorize the issuance of a series of preferred stock that would grant to
holders the preferred right to our assets upon liquidation, the right to receive dividend payments before dividends are distributed
to the holders of Common Stock and the right to the redemption of the shares, together with a premium, prior to the redemption
of our Common Stock. In addition, our Board of Directors could authorize the issuance of a series of preferred stock that has
greater voting power than our Common Stock or that is convertible into our Common Stock, which could decrease the relative voting
power of our Common Stock or result in dilution to our existing stockholders.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">We
intend to issue Series A Convertible Preferred Stock which has senior dividend rights than Common Stock in this offering. We may
create any additional series of preferred stock and issue such shares in the future although we do not have any present intention
of doing so.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>&nbsp;</B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B><I>Our
independent auditors have issued an audit opinion for our company, which includes a statement describing our going concern status.
Our financial status creates a doubt whether we will continue as a going concern.</I></B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B><I>&nbsp;</I></B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Our
auditors have issued a going concern opinion regarding our company. This means there is substantial doubt we can continue as an
ongoing business for the next twelve months. The financial statements do not include any adjustments that might result from the
uncertainty regarding our ability to continue in business. As such we may have to cease operations and investors could lose part
or all of their investment in our company.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B><I>Our
internal computer systems, or those of our third-party contractors or consultants, may fail or suffer security breaches, which
could result in a material disruption of our product development programs. </I></B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Despite
the implementation of security measures, our internal computer systems and those of our third-party contractors and consultants
are vulnerable to damage from computer viruses, unauthorized access, natural disasters, terrorism, war and telecommunication and
electrical failures. While we do not believe that we have experienced any such system failure, accident, or security breach to
date, if such an event were to occur and cause interruptions in our operations, it could result in a loss of clinical trial data
for our new drug candidates which could result in delays in our regulatory approval efforts and significantly increase our costs
to recover or reproduce the data. To the extent that any disruption or security breach results in a loss of or damage to our data
or applications or other data or applications relating to our technology or new drug candidates, or inappropriate disclosure of
confidential or proprietary information, we could incur liabilities and the further development of our product candidates could
be delayed.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B><I>This
offering is being conducted on a &ldquo;best efforts&rdquo; basis and as a result, we may not be able to raise enough funds to
fully implement our business plan and our investors may lose their entire investment.</I></B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">This
offering is on a &ldquo;best efforts&rdquo; basis and requires a Minimum Amount of $10,000,000 to be raised. We need to reserve
20% of the funds raised in this offering in escrow for the distribution of dividend to holders of Series A Convertible Preferred
Stock. If we only raise the Minimum Amount, we will only receive $7,300,000 in proceeds before expenses and we may not be able
to fund our operations for a period of time as desired, and our growth opportunities may be materially adversely affected. This
could increase the likelihood that an investor may lose its, his or her entire investment.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"></FONT></P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B><I>Investors&rsquo;
funds will be placed in escrow during the offering period and investors will not have use of their funds during the offering period.</I></B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
Underwriter is offering the Series A Convertible Preferred Stock on a best efforts basis. No commitment by anyone exists to purchase
all or any part of the shares offered hereby. Those investor&rsquo;s funds deposited will be held in escrow pending closing of
this offering and such funds may be escrowed for as long as one hundred and eighty (180) days. Investors will not have use of
any funds deposited for the shares during the offering period. See &ldquo;Underwriting.&rdquo;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B><I>There
is no public market for the Series A Convertible Preferred Stock and prospective investors may not be able to resell their shares
at or above the offering price, if at all.</I></B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">There
is no market for our Series A Convertible Preferred Stock and no assurance can be given that an active trading market will develop
for the Series A Convertible Preferred Stock or, if one does develop, that it will be maintained. In the absence of a public trading
market, an investor may be unable to liquidate his investment in our company. The Public Offering Price of this offering is not
indicative of future market prices.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
stock market in general may experience extreme price and volume fluctuations. Continued market fluctuations could result in extreme
volatility in the price of the Common Stock, which could cause a decline in the value of the Common Stock and the Series A Convertible
Preferred Stock. Prospective investors should also be aware that price volatility may be worse if the trading volume of the Common
Stock or Series A Convertible Preferred Stock is low.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">We
intend to list both our Common Stock and Series A Convertible Preferred Stock on Nasdaq. We cannot assure you that either of our
application to list the Common Stock or Series A Convertible Preferred Stock will be approved; however, we will not complete this
offering without a listing approval letter of our Series A Convertible Preferred Stock and Comon Stock from Nasdaq. The liquidity
of the trading market, if any, and future trading prices of the Series A Convertible Preferred Stock will depend on many factors,
including, among other things, the market price of our Common Stock, prevailing interest rates, our operating results, financial
performance and prospects, the market for similar securities and the overall securities market, and may be adversely affected
by unfavorable changes in these factors. It is possible that the market for the Series A Convertible Preferred Stock will be subject
to disruptions which may have a negative effect on the holders of the Series A Convertible Preferred Stock, regardless of our
operating results, financial performance or prospects.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B><I>The
share price of our Common Stock is volatile, the trading price of our Series A Convertible Preferred Stock could be volatile,
and both may be influenced by numerous factors, some of which are beyond our control. </I></B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">There
is currently only a limited public market for our Common Stock, which is listed on the OTCQB Market, and there can be no assurance
that a trading market will develop further or be maintained for either our Common Stock or Series A Convertible Preferred Stock
in the future. The trading price of our Common Stock is likely to be highly volatile, and could be subject to wide fluctuations
in response to various factors, some of which are beyond our control. In addition to the factors discussed in this &ldquo;Risk
Factors&rdquo; section and elsewhere in this prospectus, these factors include:</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<TABLE CELLSPACING="0" CELLPADDING="0" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse">
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="width: 0.25in; text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 0.25in; text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#9679;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">the
    new drug candidates we acquire for commercialization;</FONT></TD></TR>
</TABLE>
<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

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    <TD STYLE="width: 0.25in; text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 0.25in; text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#9679;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">the
    product candidates we seek to pursue, and our ability to obtain rights to develop those product candidates;</FONT></TD></TR>
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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

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    <TD STYLE="width: 0.25in; text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 0.25in; text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#9679;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">our
    decision to initiate a clinical trial, not to initiate a clinical trial or to terminate an existing clinical trial;</FONT></TD></TR>
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    <TD STYLE="width: 0.25in; text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 0.25in; text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#9679;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">actual
    or anticipated adverse results or delays in our pre-clinical studies and clinical trials;</FONT></TD></TR>
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    <TD STYLE="width: 0.25in; text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 0.25in; text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#9679;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">our
    failure to get any of our new drug candidates approved;</FONT></TD></TR>
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    <TD STYLE="width: 0.25in; text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 0.25in; text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#9679;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">unanticipated
    serious safety and environmental concerns related to the use and research activities of any of our new drug candidates;</FONT></TD></TR>
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    <TD STYLE="width: 0.25in; text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#9679;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">overall
    performance of the equity markets and other factors that may be unrelated to our operating performance or the operating performance
    of our competitors, including changes in market valuations of similar companies;</FONT></TD></TR>
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    <TD STYLE="width: 0.25in; text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 0.25in; text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#9679;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">conditions
    or trends in the healthcare, biotechnology and pharmaceutical industries;</FONT></TD></TR>
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<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="width: 0.25in; text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 0.25in; text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#9679;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">introduction
    of new products offered by us or our competitors;</FONT></TD></TR>
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<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="width: 0.25in; text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 0.25in; text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#9679;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">announcements
    of significant acquisitions, strategic partnerships, joint ventures or capital commitments by us or our competitors;</FONT></TD></TR>
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<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="width: 0.25in; text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 0.25in; text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#9679;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">our
    ability to maintain an adequate rate of growth and manage such growth;</FONT></TD></TR>
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    <TD STYLE="width: 0.25in; text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 0.25in; text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#9679;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">issuances
    of debt or equity securities by us;</FONT></TD></TR>
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<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="width: 0.25in; text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 0.25in; text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#9679;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">sales
    of our securities by us or our stockholders in the future, or the perception that such sales could occur;</FONT></TD></TR>
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<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="width: 0.25in; text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 0.25in; text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#9679;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">trading
    volume of our Common Stock or Series A Convertible Preferred Stock;</FONT></TD></TR>
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    <TD STYLE="width: 0.25in; text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 0.25in; text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#9679;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">ineffectiveness
    of our internal control over financial reporting or disclosure controls and procedures;</FONT></TD></TR>
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<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="width: 0.25in; text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 0.25in; text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#9679;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">general
    political and economic conditions in U.S. and other countries and territories where we conduct our business;</FONT></TD></TR>
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    <TD STYLE="width: 0.25in; text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 0.25in; text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#9679;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">effects
    of natural or man-made catastrophic events; and</FONT></TD></TR>
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<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="width: 0.25in; text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 0.25in; text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#9679;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">adverse
    regulatory decisions;</FONT></TD></TR>
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<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="width: 0.25in; text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 0.25in; text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#9679;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">additions
    or departures of key scientific or management personnel;</FONT></TD></TR>
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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

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<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="width: 0.25in; text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 0.25in; text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#9679;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">changes
    in laws or regulations applicable to our product candidates, including without limitation clinical trial requirements for
    approvals;</FONT></TD></TR>
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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

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<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="width: 0.25in; text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 0.25in; text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#9679;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">disputes
    or other developments relating to patents and other proprietary rights and our ability to obtain protection for our products;</FONT></TD></TR>
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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

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<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="width: 0.25in; text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 0.25in; text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#9679;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">our
    dependence on third parties, including CROs and scientific and medical advisors;</FONT></TD></TR>
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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

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<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="width: 0.25in; text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 0.25in; text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#9679;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">failure
    to meet or exceed any financial guidance or expectations regarding development milestones that we may provide to the public;</FONT></TD></TR>
</TABLE>
<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<TABLE CELLSPACING="0" CELLPADDING="0" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse">
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="width: 0.25in; text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 0.25in; text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#9679;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">actual
    or anticipated variations in quarterly operating results;</FONT></TD></TR>
</TABLE>
<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<TABLE CELLSPACING="0" CELLPADDING="0" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse">
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="width: 0.25in; text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 0.25in; text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#9679;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">failure
    to meet or exceed the estimates and projections of the investment community;</FONT></TD></TR>
</TABLE>
<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<TABLE CELLSPACING="0" CELLPADDING="0" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse">
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="width: 0.25in; text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 0.25in; text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#9679;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">other
    events or factors, many of which are beyond our control.</FONT></TD></TR>
</TABLE>
<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">In
addition, the stock market in general, and the stocks of small-cap healthcare, biotechnology and pharmaceutical companies in particular,
have experienced extreme price and volume fluctuations that have often been unrelated or disproportionate to the operating performance
of these companies. Broad market and industry factors may negatively affect the market price of our Common Stock, regardless of
our actual operating performance. The realization of any of the above risks or any of a broad range of other risks, including
those described in these &ldquo;Risk Factors,&rdquo; could have a dramatic and material adverse impact on the market price of
our Common Stock.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"></FONT></P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B><I>The
automatic conversion feature may not adequately compensate holders of Series A Convertible Preferred Stock and may make it more
difficult for a party to take over our company or discourage a party from taking over our company.</I></B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Upon
the four-year anniversary of issuance, each share of Series A Convertible Preferred Stock automatically converts into one share
of Common Stock. See &ldquo;Description of Securities.&rdquo; If the Common Stock price is less than the price paid for each share
of Series A Convertible Preferred Stock, the value of the Series A Convertible Preferred Stock will be less than the price paid
for the Series A Convertible Preferred Stock excluding the dividends.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B><I>Our
ability to pay dividends is limited by the requirements of Nevada law.</I></B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Our
ability to pay dividends on the Series A Convertible Preferred Stock is limited by the laws of Nevada. Under applicable Nevada
law, we, as a Nevada corporation, generally may not make a distribution if i) we would not be able to pay our debts as they become
due in the usual course of business, or ii) our total assets would be less than the sum of our total liabilities plus the amount
that would be needed, if we were to be dissolved at the time of distribution, to satisfy the preferential rights upon dissolution
of stockholders whose preferential rights are superior to those receiving the distribution. Although we will have Dividend Reserve
in escrow upon closing of this offering, we cannot guarantee that we can distribute such dividend when due under the laws of Nevada.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B><I>Dividends
on the Series A Convertible Preferred Stock will be taxable.</I></B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Income
from &ldquo;qualified dividends&rdquo; payable to U.S. stockholders that are individuals, trusts and estates are generally subject
to tax at preferential rates.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B><I>If
securities or industry analysts do not publish research or publish inaccurate or unfavorable research about our business, our
stock price and any trading volume could decline.</I></B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><B><I></I></B>&nbsp;</FONT></P>



<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"> Any trading market for our Common Stock
and Series A Convertible Preferred Stock that may develop will depend in part on the research and reports that securities or industry
analysts publish about us or our business. Securities and industry analysts do not currently, and may never, publish research
on us or our business. If no securities or industry analysts commence coverage of our company, the trading prices for our Common
Stock and/ or Series A Convertible Preferred Stock could be negatively affected. If securities or industry analysts initiate coverage,
and one or more of those analysts downgrade our stock or publish inaccurate or unfavorable research about our business, our stock
price would likely decline. If one or more of these analysts cease coverage of our company or fail to publish reports on us regularly,
demand for our Common Stock and/ or Series A Convertible Preferred Stock could decrease, which might cause our stock price and
any trading volume to decline. </P>



<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">

&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B><I>Future
sales and issuances of our Common Stock or rights to purchase Common Stock, including pursuant to our equity incentive plan or
otherwise, could result in dilution of the percentage ownership of our stockholders and could cause our stock price to fall. </I></B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">We
expect that we will need significant additional capital in the future to continue our planned operations. To raise capital, we
may sell Common Stock, convertible securities or other equity securities in one or more transactions at prices and in a manner
we determine from time to time. If we sell Common Stock, convertible securities or other equity securities in more than one transaction,
including issuance of equity securities pursuant to any future stock incentive plan to our officers, directors, employees and
non-employee consultants for their services to us, investors in a prior transaction may be materially diluted by subsequent sales.
Additionally, any such sales may result in material dilution to our existing stockholders, and new investors could gain rights,
preferences and privileges senior to those of holders of our Common Stock. Further, any future sales of our Common Stock by us
or resales of our Common Stock by our existing stockholders could cause the market price of our Common Stock to decline. Any future
grants of options, warrants or other securities exercisable or convertible into our Common Stock, or the exercise or conversion
of such shares, and any sales of such shares in the market, could have an adverse effect on the market price of our Common Stock.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"></FONT></P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B><I>The
elimination of personal liability against our directors and officers under Nevada law and the existence of indemnification rights
held by our directors, officers and employees may result in substantial expenses. </I></B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">ABVC
Bylaws eliminate the personal liability of our directors and officers to us and our stockholders for damages for breach of fiduciary
duty as a director or officer to the extent permissible under Nevada law. Further, our Bylaws provide that we are obligated to
indemnify each of our directors or officers to the fullest extent authorized by Nevada law and, subject to certain conditions,
advance the expenses incurred by any director or officer in defending any action, suit or proceeding prior to its final disposition.
Those indemnification obligations could expose us to substantial expenditures to cover the cost of settlement or damage awards
against our directors or officers, which we may be unable to afford. Further, those provisions and resulting costs may discourage
us or our stockholders from bringing a lawsuit against any of our current or former directors or officers for breaches of their
fiduciary duties, even if such actions might otherwise benefit our stockholders.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B><I>Our
Common Stock may be subject to the &ldquo;penny stock&rdquo; rules of the Securities and Exchange Commission, which may make it
more difficult for stockholders to sell our Common Stock.</I></B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
SEC has adopted Rule 15g-9 which establishes the definition of a &ldquo;penny stock,&rdquo; for the purposes relevant to us, as
any equity security that has a market price of less than $5.00 per share, subject to certain exceptions. For any transaction involving
a penny stock, unless exempt, the rules require that a broker or dealer approve a person&rsquo;s account for transactions in penny
stocks, and the broker or dealer receive from the investor a written agreement to the transaction, setting forth the identity
and quantity of the penny stock to be purchased.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">In
order to approve a person&rsquo;s account for transactions in penny stocks, the broker or dealer must obtain financial information
and investment experience objectives of the person, and make a reasonable determination that the transactions in penny stocks
are suitable for that person and the person has sufficient knowledge and experience in financial matters to be capable of evaluating
the risks of transactions in penny stocks.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
broker or dealer must also deliver, prior to any transaction in a penny stock, a disclosure schedule prescribed by the SEC relating
to the penny stock market, which, in highlight form sets forth the basis on which the broker or dealer made the suitability determination,
and that the broker or dealer received a signed, written agreement from the investor prior to the transaction.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Generally,
brokers may be less willing to execute transactions in securities subject to the &ldquo;penny stock&rdquo; rules. This may make
it more difficult for investors to dispose of the Company&rsquo;s Common Stock if and when such shares are eligible for sale and
may cause a decline in the market value of its stock.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Disclosure
also has to be made about the risks of investing in penny stocks in both public offerings and in secondary trading and about the
commissions payable to both the broker-dealer and the registered representative, current quotations for the securities and the
rights and remedies available to an investor in cases of fraud in penny stock transactions. Finally, monthly statements have to
be sent disclosing recent price information for the penny stock held in the account and information on the limited market in penny
stock.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>


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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B><A NAME="a_008"></A>SPECIAL
NOTE REGARDING FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS</B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">This
prospectus contains forward-looking statements that involve risks and uncertainties, including statements based on our current
expectations, assumptions, estimates and projections about us, our industry and the regulatory environment in which we and companies
integral to our ecosystem operate. The forward-looking statements are contained principally in the sections entitled &ldquo;Prospectus
Summary,&rdquo; &ldquo;Risk Factors,&rdquo; &ldquo;Use of Proceeds,&rdquo; &ldquo;Management&rsquo;s Discussion and Analysis of
Financial Condition and Results of Operations&rdquo; and &ldquo;Business.&rdquo; These statements involve known and unknown risks,
uncertainties and other factors that may cause our actual results, performance or achievements to be materially different from
those expressed or implied by the forward-looking statements. In some cases, these forward-looking statements can be identified
by words or phrases such as &ldquo;may,&rdquo; &ldquo;will,&rdquo; &ldquo;expect,&rdquo; &ldquo;anticipate,&rdquo; &ldquo;aim,&rdquo;
&ldquo;estimate,&rdquo; &ldquo;intend,&rdquo; &ldquo;plan,&rdquo; &ldquo;believe,&rdquo; &ldquo;potential,&rdquo; &ldquo;continue,&rdquo;
&ldquo;is/are likely to&rdquo; or other similar expressions. The forward-looking statements included in this prospectus relate
to, among others:</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<TABLE CELLSPACING="0" CELLPADDING="0" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse">
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="white-space: nowrap; width: 0.25in; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="white-space: nowrap; width: 0.25in; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#9679;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">risks
    and uncertainties associated with our research and development activities, including our clinical trials and preclinical studies;</FONT></TD></TR>
</TABLE>
<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<TABLE CELLSPACING="0" CELLPADDING="0" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse">
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="white-space: nowrap; width: 0.25in; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="white-space: nowrap; width: 0.25in; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#9679;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">the
    timing or likelihood of regulatory filings and approvals or of alternative regulatory pathways for our drug candidates;</FONT></TD></TR>
</TABLE>
<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<TABLE CELLSPACING="0" CELLPADDING="0" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse">
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="white-space: nowrap; width: 0.25in; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="white-space: nowrap; width: 0.25in; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#9679;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">the
    potential market opportunities for commercializing our drug candidates;</FONT></TD></TR>
</TABLE>
<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<TABLE CELLSPACING="0" CELLPADDING="0" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse">
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="white-space: nowrap; width: 0.25in; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="white-space: nowrap; width: 0.25in; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#9679;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">our
    expectations regarding the potential market size and the size of the patient populations for our drug candidates, if approved
    for commercial use, and our ability to serve such markets;</FONT></TD></TR>
</TABLE>
<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<TABLE CELLSPACING="0" CELLPADDING="0" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse">
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="white-space: nowrap; width: 0.25in; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="white-space: nowrap; width: 0.25in; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#9679;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">estimates
    of our expenses, future revenue, capital requirements and our needs for additional financing;</FONT></TD></TR>
</TABLE>
<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<TABLE CELLSPACING="0" CELLPADDING="0" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse">
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="white-space: nowrap; width: 0.25in; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="white-space: nowrap; width: 0.25in; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#9679;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">our
    ability to develop, acquire and advance our product candidates into, and successfully complete, clinical trials and preclinical
    studies and obtain regulatory approvals;</FONT></TD></TR>
</TABLE>
<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<TABLE CELLSPACING="0" CELLPADDING="0" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse">
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="white-space: nowrap; width: 0.25in; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="white-space: nowrap; width: 0.25in; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#9679;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">the
    implementation of our business model and strategic plans for our business and drug candidates;</FONT></TD></TR>
</TABLE>
<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<TABLE CELLSPACING="0" CELLPADDING="0" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse">
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="white-space: nowrap; width: 0.25in; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="white-space: nowrap; width: 0.25in; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#9679;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">the
    initiation, cost, timing, progress and results of future preclinical studies and clinical trials, and our research and development
    programs;</FONT></TD></TR>
</TABLE>
<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<TABLE CELLSPACING="0" CELLPADDING="0" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse">
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="white-space: nowrap; width: 0.25in; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="white-space: nowrap; width: 0.25in; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#9679;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">the
    terms of future licensing arrangements, and whether we can enter into such arrangements at all;</FONT></TD></TR>
</TABLE>
<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<TABLE CELLSPACING="0" CELLPADDING="0" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse">
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="white-space: nowrap; width: 0.25in; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="white-space: nowrap; width: 0.25in; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#9679;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">timing
    and receipt or payments of licensing and milestone revenues, if any;</FONT></TD></TR>
</TABLE>
<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<TABLE CELLSPACING="0" CELLPADDING="0" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse">
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="white-space: nowrap; width: 0.25in; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="white-space: nowrap; width: 0.25in; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#9679;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">the
    scope of protection we are able to establish and maintain for intellectual property rights covering our drug candidates and
    our ability to operate our business without infringing the intellectual property rights of others;</FONT></TD></TR>
</TABLE>
<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<TABLE CELLSPACING="0" CELLPADDING="0" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse">
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="white-space: nowrap; width: 0.25in; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="white-space: nowrap; width: 0.25in; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#9679;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">regulatory
    developments in the United States and foreign countries;</FONT></TD></TR>
</TABLE>
<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<TABLE CELLSPACING="0" CELLPADDING="0" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse">
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="white-space: nowrap; width: 0.25in; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="white-space: nowrap; width: 0.25in; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#9679;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">the
    performance of our third party suppliers and manufacturers;</FONT></TD></TR>
</TABLE>
<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<TABLE CELLSPACING="0" CELLPADDING="0" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse">
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="white-space: nowrap; width: 0.25in; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="white-space: nowrap; width: 0.25in; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#9679;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">our
    ability to maintain and establish collaborations or obtain additional funding;</FONT></TD></TR>
</TABLE>
<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<TABLE CELLSPACING="0" CELLPADDING="0" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse">
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="white-space: nowrap; width: 0.25in; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="white-space: nowrap; width: 0.25in; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#9679;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">the
    success of competing therapies that are currently or may become available;</FONT></TD></TR>
</TABLE>
<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<TABLE CELLSPACING="0" CELLPADDING="0" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse">
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="white-space: nowrap; width: 0.25in; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="white-space: nowrap; width: 0.25in; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#9679;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">our
    ability to continue as a going concern;</FONT></TD></TR>
</TABLE>
<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<TABLE CELLSPACING="0" CELLPADDING="0" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse">
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="white-space: nowrap; width: 0.25in; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="white-space: nowrap; width: 0.25in; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#9679;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">our
    financial performance; and</FONT></TD></TR>
</TABLE>
<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<TABLE CELLSPACING="0" CELLPADDING="0" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse">
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="white-space: nowrap; width: 0.25in; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="white-space: nowrap; width: 0.25in; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#9679;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">developments
    and projections relating to our competitors and our industry.</FONT></TD></TR>
</TABLE>
<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"></FONT></P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">We
caution you that the forward-looking statements highlighted above do not encompass all of the forward-looking statements made
in this prospectus or in the documents incorporated by reference in this prospectus.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">We
have based the forward-looking statements contained in this prospectus and in the documents incorporated by reference in this
prospectus primarily on our current expectations and projections about future events and trends that we believe may affect our
business, financial condition, results of operations and prospects. The outcomes of the events described in these forward-looking
statements are subject to risks, uncertainties and other factors that could cause actual results and experience to differ from
those projected, including, but not limited to, the risk factors described herein and the risk factors set forth in Part I - Item
1A, &ldquo;Risk Factors&rdquo;, in our Annual Report on <A HREF="http://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/1173313/000121390019006364/f10k2018_americanbrivision.htm">Form
10-K</A> for the year ended December 31, 2018, as filed with the SEC on April 15, 2019, and elsewhere in the documents incorporated
by reference into this prospectus. Moreover, we operate in a very competitive and challenging environment. New risks and uncertainties
emerge from time to time, and it is not possible for us to predict all risks and uncertainties that could have an impact on the
forward-looking statements contained in this prospectus and in the documents incorporated by reference in this prospectus. We
cannot assure you that the results, events and circumstances reflected in the forward-looking statements will be achieved or occur,
and actual results, events or circumstances could differ materially from those described in the forward-looking statements.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
forward-looking statements contained in this prospectus and in the documents incorporated by reference in this prospectus relate
only to events as of the date on which the statements are made. We do not undertake any obligation to release publicly any revisions
to such forward-looking statements to reflect events or circumstances after the date of this prospectus or to reflect the occurrence
of unanticipated events. We may not actually achieve the plans, intentions or expectations disclosed in our forward-looking statements
and you should not place undue reliance on our forward-looking statements. Our forward-looking statements do not reflect the potential
impact of any future acquisitions, mergers, dispositions, joint ventures, other strategic transactions or investments we may make.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>


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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B><A NAME="a_009"></A>USE
OF PROCEEDS</B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"> We estimate that we will receive
net proceeds from this offering of approximately $9.3 million at minimum, and $21.39 million at maximum from the sale of
Series A Preferred Stock, after deducting underwriting commissions and the estimated offering expenses payable by us. We will
reserve $2 million at minimum and $4.6 million at maximum in escrow for the distribution of dividends to the holders of
Series A Preferred Stock. After deducting the Dividend Reserve and underwriting discounts and commission, we estimate that we
will receive proceeds from this offering of approximately $7.3 million at minimum and $16.79 million at maximum. These
estimates are based upon an assumed public offering price of US$7.00 per share, the price shown on the front cover page of
this prospectus. </P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"> &nbsp; </P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"> A $1.00 increase (decrease) in the
assumed public offering price of $7.00 per share would increase (decrease) the net proceeds to us from this offering by approximately
$1.4&nbsp;million at minimum and $3.3 million at maximum, assuming the number of shares offered by us, as set forth on the cover
page of this prospectus, remains the same and after deducting the estimated underwriting commissions and offering expenses. </P>



<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">We
plan to use the net proceeds of this offering for the business development purposes, which may include but not limited to research
and development (&ldquo;R&amp;D&rdquo;) activities for our six drug candidates and one medical device candidate, marketing, repayment
of certain loans, and general working capital. The loans that we intend to repay from the net proceeds of the offering are the
credit line (the &ldquo;Cathay Bank Credit Line&rdquo;) owed by us to Cathay Bank and three convertible notes (the &ldquo;Convertible
Notes&rdquo;) purchased by three investors in the aggregate amount of $800,000. As of the date of this prospectus, we drew $1,000,000
under the Cathay Bank Credit Line and expect to use the full credit line of $1,000,000 before the closing of this offering. The
Cathay Bank Credit Line provides for a revolving line of credit in the principal amount of $1,000,000 with a maturity date (the
&ldquo;Maturity Date&rdquo;) of January 1, 2020 and bears an interest rate equal to the sum of one percent (1%) and the prime
rate as published in the Wall Street Journal (the &ldquo;Index&rdquo;) and the accrued interest are payable each month from February
1, 2019. The Cathay Bank Credit Line is fully disclosed in a current report on <A HREF="http://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/1173313/000121390019001553/f8k012119_americanbrivision.htm">Form 8-K</A> filed with the Securities and Exchange
Commission (the &ldquo;SEC&rdquo;) on February 1, 2019. As of the date of this prospectus, the Company issued three Convertible
Notes that bear an interest rate of 8% per annum for a period of 18 months and may be converted into our Common Stock at the option
of the holder at a conversion price equal to the lower of i) $2.00 per share subject to adjustment and ii) 80% of the offering
price of any completed equity offering of the Company in an amount exceeding $500,000. One of the holders of the Convertible Note
is Keypoint Inc., an entity under control of the Company&rsquo;s controlling shareholders. As of the date of this prospectus,
the principal amount outstanding under Keypoint Inc.&rsquo;s Convertible Note was $250,000. The <A HREF="http://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/1173313/000121390018009746/xslFormDX01/primary_doc.xml">Form D</A> related to the offering
of the Convertible Notes was filed with the SEC on July 27, 2018.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
following chart provides the approximate distribution of proceeds from this offering in the event that we are able to raise $10
million, $15 million, $20 million and $23 million.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"></P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="width: 56%; font-weight: bold"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-weight: normal; font-style: normal">Use&nbsp;of&nbsp;Proceeds</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; font-weight: bold"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-weight: normal; font-style: normal">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 8%; font-weight: bold; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-weight: normal; font-style: normal">Capital&nbsp;Raised</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; font-weight: bold"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-weight: normal; font-style: normal">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 1%; font-weight: bold; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-weight: normal; font-style: normal">$</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="width: 6%; font-weight: bold; text-align: right"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-weight: normal; font-style: normal">10,000,000</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; font-weight: bold; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-weight: normal; font-style: normal">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; font-weight: bold"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-weight: normal; font-style: normal">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 1%; font-weight: bold; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-weight: normal; font-style: normal">$</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="width: 6%; font-weight: bold; text-align: right"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-weight: normal; font-style: normal">15,000,000</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; font-weight: bold; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-weight: normal; font-style: normal">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; font-weight: bold"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-weight: normal; font-style: normal">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 1%; font-weight: bold; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-weight: normal; font-style: normal">$</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="width: 6%; font-weight: bold; text-align: right"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-weight: normal; font-style: normal">20,000,000</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 1%"><FONT STYLE="font-weight: normal; font-style: normal">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 1%"><FONT STYLE="font-weight: normal; font-style: normal">$</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 6%; text-align: right"><FONT STYLE="font-weight: normal; font-style: normal">23,000,000</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; font-weight: bold; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-weight: normal; font-style: normal">&nbsp;</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="font-weight: bold; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-weight: normal; font-style: normal">Dividend
    Reserve</FONT></TD><TD><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-weight: normal; font-style: normal">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: center"></TD><TD STYLE="font-weight: bold"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-weight: normal; font-style: normal">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-weight: bold; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-weight: normal; font-style: normal">$</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-weight: bold; text-align: right"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-weight: normal; font-style: normal">2,000,000</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-weight: bold; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-weight: normal; font-style: normal">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-weight: bold"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-weight: normal; font-style: normal">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-weight: bold; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-weight: normal; font-style: normal">$</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-weight: bold; text-align: right"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-weight: normal; font-style: normal">3,000,000</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-weight: bold; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-weight: normal; font-style: normal">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-weight: bold"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-weight: normal; font-style: normal">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-weight: bold; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-weight: normal; font-style: normal">$</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-weight: bold; text-align: right"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-weight: normal; font-style: normal">4,000,000</FONT></TD>
    <TD><FONT STYLE="font-weight: normal; font-style: normal">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD><FONT STYLE="font-weight: normal; font-style: normal">$</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: right"><FONT STYLE="font-weight: normal; font-style: normal">4,600,000</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-weight: bold; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-weight: normal; font-style: normal">&nbsp;</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="font-weight: bold; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-weight: normal; font-style: normal">Net
    proceeds after deduction of underwriting discounts and Dividend Reserve</FONT></TD><TD><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-weight: normal; font-style: normal">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: center"></TD><TD STYLE="font-weight: bold"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-weight: normal; font-style: normal">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-weight: bold; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-weight: normal; font-style: normal">$</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-weight: bold; text-align: right"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-weight: normal; font-style: normal">7,300,000</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-weight: bold; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-weight: normal; font-style: normal">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-weight: bold"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-weight: normal; font-style: normal">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-weight: bold; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-weight: normal; font-style: normal">$</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-weight: bold; text-align: right"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-weight: normal; font-style: normal">10,950,000</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-weight: bold; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-weight: normal; font-style: normal">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-weight: bold"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-weight: normal; font-style: normal">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-weight: bold; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-weight: normal; font-style: normal">$</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-weight: bold; text-align: right"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-weight: normal; font-style: normal">14,600,000</FONT></TD>
    <TD><FONT STYLE="font-weight: normal; font-style: normal">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD><FONT STYLE="font-weight: normal; font-style: normal">$</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: right"><FONT STYLE="font-weight: normal; font-style: normal">18,400,000</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-weight: bold; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-weight: normal; font-style: normal">&nbsp;</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">R&amp;D expenses</FONT></TD><TD><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Estimated cost</FONT></TD><TD><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">1,000,000
                                         (for six months) </FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">$</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">2,530,000
                                         </FONT><BR>
                                         <FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(for twelve
                                         months) </FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">$</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">4,065,000&nbsp;&nbsp;(for
                                         eighteen months)</FONT></TD>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD>$</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: right">8,146,000</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">ABV-1701 Vitargus pilot production
    line</FONT></TD><TD><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Estimated cost</FONT></TD><TD><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">2,000,000</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">2,000,000</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">2,000,000</FONT></TD>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD>$</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: right">2,000,000</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Loan repayment</FONT></TD><TD><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Estimated cost</FONT></TD><TD><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">1,800,000</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">1,800,000</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">1,800,000</FONT></TD>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD>$</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: right">1,800,000</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Marketing and management expenses</FONT></TD><TD><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Estimated cost</FONT></TD><TD><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">$
                                         600,000 (for six months) </FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">$</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">2,100,000&nbsp;</FONT><BR>
                                         <FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">(for twelve months)</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">$</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">3,600,000
                                         (for eighteen months) </FONT></TD>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD>$</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: right">3,600,000</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">General working capital</FONT></TD><TD><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Estimated cost</FONT></TD><TD><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">1,619,000</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">1,239,000</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">2,854,000</FONT></TD>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD>$</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: right">2,854,000</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="font-weight: bold; text-align: left; padding-left: 0.125in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><B>Estimated
    Total Cost</B></FONT></TD><TD><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><B>&nbsp;</B></FONT></TD>
    <TD><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><B>&nbsp;</B></FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-weight: bold"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><B>&nbsp;</B></FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-weight: bold; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><B>$</B></FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-weight: bold; text-align: right"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><B>7,019,000</B></FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-weight: bold; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><B>&nbsp;</B></FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-weight: bold"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><B>&nbsp;</B></FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-weight: bold; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><B>$</B></FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-weight: bold; text-align: right"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><B>9,669,000</B></FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-weight: bold; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><B>&nbsp;</B></FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-weight: bold"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><B>&nbsp;</B></FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-weight: bold; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><B>$</B></FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-weight: bold; text-align: right"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><B>14,319,000</B></FONT></TD>
    <TD><B>&nbsp;</B></TD>
    <TD><B>$</B></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: right"><B>18,400,000</B></TD><TD STYLE="font-weight: bold; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><B>&nbsp;</B></FONT></TD></TR>
</TABLE>
<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
amounts and timing of our use of the net proceeds from this offering will depend on a number of factors, such as the timing and
progress of our research and development efforts, regulatory compliance, the progress of our clinical trials, our licensing development,
the progress of any our collaborative or strategic partners, the credit environment in Taiwan and the competitive environment
for our new drug candidates. As of the date of this prospectus, we cannot specify with certainty all of the particular uses for
the net proceeds to us from this offering. Accordingly, our management will have broad discretion in the timing and application
of these proceeds. Pending application of the net proceeds as described above, we intend to temporarily invest the proceeds in
short-term, interest-bearing instruments.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>


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    <DIV STYLE="page-break-before: always; margin-top: 6pt; margin-bottom: 10pt"><P STYLE="margin: 0pt">&nbsp;</P></DIV>
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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>&nbsp;</B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><B><A NAME="a_010"></A>DIVIDEND
POLICY</B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">We
have never paid our holders of Common Stock any cash dividends, and currently intend to retain future earnings, if any, to finance
the expansion of its business. As a result, we do not anticipate paying any cash dividends on our Common Stock in the foreseeable
future as we intend to retain any earnings for use in our business. Any future determination to pay dividends to the holders of
our Common Stock will be at the discretion of our Board of Directors.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">We
will pay cumulative dividends from the Dividend Reserve on the Series A Convertible Preferred Stock at each anniversary from the
date of original issue for a period of four calendar years. We will distribute five percent (5%) of the Dividend Reserve in cash
at each anniversary of this offering for four years to each holder of Series A Convertible Preferred Stock. The distribution of
dividends on our Series A Convertible Preferred Stock is subject to the laws of Nevada. Section 78.288 of the Revised Nevada Statute
provides that no distribution may be made if, after giving it effect, i) a company would not be able to pay its debts as they
become due in the usual course of business or ii) the company&rsquo;s total assets would be less than the sum of its total liabilities
plus the amount that would be needed, if the company were to be dissolved at the time of distribution, to satisfy the preferential
rights upon dissolution of stockholders whose preferential rights are superior to those receiving the distribution. As a result
of such, our distribution of dividend to Series A Convertible Preferred Stock is subject to the limitations set forth in Section
78.288 of the Revised Nevada Statute.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>


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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B><A NAME="a_011"></A>CAPITALIZATION</B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
following table sets forth our cash and cash equivalents and capitalization as of March 31, 2019. Such information is set forth
on the following basis:</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<TABLE CELLSPACING="0" CELLPADDING="0" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse">
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="width: 0.25in; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 0.25in; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#9679;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">on
    an actual basis;</FONT></TD></TR>
</TABLE>
<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<TABLE CELLSPACING="0" CELLPADDING="0" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse">
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="width: 0.25in; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 0.25in; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#9679;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">on
    a pro forma basis; and</FONT></TD></TR>
</TABLE>
<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<TABLE CELLSPACING="0" CELLPADDING="0" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse">
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="width: 0.25in; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> <FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT> </TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 0.25in; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> <FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#9679;</FONT> </TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><P STYLE="margin: 0pt 0"> on a pro forma as adjusted
                                         basis to reflect the sale by us of 1,428,571 shares at minimum and 3,285,714 shares
                                         at maximum of Series A Convertible Preferred Stock in this offering at a public offering
                                         price of $7.00 per share, after deducting underwriting commissions and estimated offering
                                         expenses. </P>


</TD></TR>
</TABLE>
<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">You
should consider this table in conjunction with &ldquo;Description of Securities&rdquo; on page 107 and our financial statements
and the notes to those financial statements included elsewhere in this prospectus.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>As
of March 31, 2019</B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>&nbsp;</B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><B></B></FONT></P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom">
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt"> &nbsp; </TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt"> &nbsp; </TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font-size: 10pt"> &nbsp; </TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt"> &nbsp; </TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt"> &nbsp; </TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="6" STYLE="font-size: 10pt"> &nbsp; </TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt"> &nbsp; </TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> &nbsp; </TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="6" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center"> Pro&nbsp;Forma </TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> &nbsp; </TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom">
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt"> &nbsp; </TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> &nbsp; </TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: center"> &nbsp; </TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-size: 10pt"> &nbsp; </TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> &nbsp; </TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="6" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid"> Pro&nbsp;Forma </TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> &nbsp; </TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> &nbsp; </TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="6" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid"> As&nbsp;Adjusted </TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> &nbsp; </TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom">
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt"> &nbsp; </TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> &nbsp; </TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid"> Actual </TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> &nbsp; </TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> &nbsp; </TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid"> Minimum </TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> &nbsp; </TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> &nbsp; </TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid"> Maximum </TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> &nbsp; </TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> &nbsp; </TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid"> Minimum </TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> &nbsp; </TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> &nbsp; </TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid"> Maximum </TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> &nbsp; </TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="width: 40%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"> Cash and cash equivalents </TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> &nbsp; </TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"> $ </TD><TD STYLE="width: 9%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"> 981,341 </TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"> &nbsp; </TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> &nbsp; </TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"> $ </TD><TD STYLE="width: 9%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"> 10,981,341 </TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"> &nbsp; </TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> &nbsp; </TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"> &nbsp; </TD><TD STYLE="width: 9%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"> 23,981,341 </TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"> &nbsp; </TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> &nbsp; </TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"> &nbsp; </TD><TD STYLE="width: 9%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"> 8,281,341 </TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"> &nbsp; </TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> &nbsp; </TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"> &nbsp; </TD><TD STYLE="width: 9%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"> 17,771,341 </TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"> &nbsp; </TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"> Shareholders&rsquo; equity: </TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt"> &nbsp; </TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left"> &nbsp; </TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: right"> &nbsp; </TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left"> &nbsp; </TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt"> &nbsp; </TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left"> &nbsp; </TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: right"> &nbsp; </TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left"> &nbsp; </TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt"> &nbsp; </TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left"> &nbsp; </TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: right"> &nbsp; </TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left"> &nbsp; </TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt"> &nbsp; </TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left"> &nbsp; </TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: right"> &nbsp; </TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left"> &nbsp; </TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt"> &nbsp; </TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left"> &nbsp; </TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: right"> &nbsp; </TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left"> &nbsp; </TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> Share capital: </TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt"> &nbsp; </TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left"> &nbsp; </TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: right"> &nbsp; </TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left"> &nbsp; </TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt"> &nbsp; </TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left"> &nbsp; </TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: right"> &nbsp; </TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left"> &nbsp; </TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt"> &nbsp; </TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left"> &nbsp; </TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: right"> &nbsp; </TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left"> &nbsp; </TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt"> &nbsp; </TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left"> &nbsp; </TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: right"> &nbsp; </TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left"> &nbsp; </TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt"> &nbsp; </TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left"> &nbsp; </TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: right"> &nbsp; </TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left"> &nbsp; </TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; padding-left: 0.25in; text-indent: -0.125in"> Share
    of Series A Convertible     Preferred Stock, $.0001 par value per share, 20,000,000 shares authorized, 0 shares issued and
    outstanding, actual; share     of Series A Convertible Preferred Stock issued and outstanding, $.0001 par value per share,
    20,000,000 shares authorized,     1,428,571 shares at minimum, and 3,285,714 at maximum issued and outstanding, pro forma;
    share of Series A Convertible     Preferred Stock, $.0001 par value per share, 20,000,000 shares authorized, 1,428,571 shares
    at minimum and 3,285,714 shares     at maximum issued and outstanding, pro forma as adjusted </TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> &nbsp; </TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"> &nbsp; </TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"> - </TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"> &nbsp; </TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> &nbsp; </TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"> &nbsp; </TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"> 1,389 </TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"> &nbsp; </TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> &nbsp; </TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"> &nbsp; </TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"> 3,286 </TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"> &nbsp; </TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> &nbsp; </TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"> &nbsp; </TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"> 1,389 </TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"> &nbsp; </TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> &nbsp; </TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"> &nbsp; </TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"> 3,286 </TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"> &nbsp; </TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-left: 0.25in; text-indent: -0.125in"> Share of Common Stock, $.001 par value per share,
    20,000,000 shares authorized, 17,693,625 shares issued and outstanding, actual; share of Common Stock, $.001 par value per
    share, 20,000,000 shares authorized, 17,693,625 shares issued and outstanding, pro forma; share of Common Stock, $.001 par
    value per share, 20,000 shares authorized, 17,693,625 shares issued and outstanding, pro forma as adjusted </TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> &nbsp; </TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"> &nbsp; </TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"> 17,694 </TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"> &nbsp; </TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> &nbsp; </TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"> &nbsp; </TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"> 17,694 </TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"> &nbsp; </TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> &nbsp; </TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"> &nbsp; </TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"> 17,694 </TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"> &nbsp; </TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> &nbsp; </TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"> &nbsp; </TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"> 17,694 </TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"> &nbsp; </TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> &nbsp; </TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"> &nbsp; </TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"> 17,694 </TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"> &nbsp; </TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; padding-left: 7.6pt"> Additional paid-in capital </TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> &nbsp; </TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"> &nbsp; </TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"> 15,680,674 </TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"> &nbsp; </TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> &nbsp; </TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"> &nbsp; </TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"> 25,679,285 </TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"> &nbsp; </TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> &nbsp; </TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"> &nbsp; </TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"> 38,677,388 </TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"> &nbsp; </TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> &nbsp; </TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"> &nbsp; </TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"> 22,979,285 </TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"> &nbsp; </TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> &nbsp; </TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"> &nbsp; </TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"> 32,467,388 </TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"> &nbsp; </TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; padding-left: 7.6pt"> Accumulated deficit </TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> &nbsp; </TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"> &nbsp; </TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"> (13,001,117 </TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"> ) </TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> &nbsp; </TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"> &nbsp; </TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"> (13,001,117 </TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"> ) </TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> &nbsp; </TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"> &nbsp; </TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"> (13,001,117 </TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"> ) </TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> &nbsp; </TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"> &nbsp; </TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"> (13,001,117 </TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"> ) </TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> &nbsp; </TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"> &nbsp; </TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"> (13,001,177 </TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"> ) </TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; padding-left: 7.6pt"> Other comprehensive income </TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> &nbsp; </TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"> &nbsp; </TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"> 640,439 </TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"> &nbsp; </TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> &nbsp; </TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"> &nbsp; </TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"> 640,439 </TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"> &nbsp; </TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> &nbsp; </TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"> &nbsp; </TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"> 640,439 </TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"> &nbsp; </TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> &nbsp; </TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"> &nbsp; </TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"> 640,439 </TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"> &nbsp; </TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> &nbsp; </TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"> &nbsp; </TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"> 640,439 </TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"> &nbsp; </TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; padding-left: 7.6pt"> Treasury stock </TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> &nbsp; </TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"> &nbsp; </TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"> (9,100,000 </TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"> ) </TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> &nbsp; </TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"> &nbsp; </TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"> (9,100,000 </TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"> ) </TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> &nbsp; </TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"> &nbsp; </TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"> (9,100,000 </TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"> ) </TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> &nbsp; </TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"> &nbsp; </TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"> (9,100,000 </TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"> ) </TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> &nbsp; </TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"> &nbsp; </TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"> (9,100,000 </TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"> ) </TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; padding-left: 7.6pt"> Noncontrolling interest </TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> &nbsp; </TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"> &nbsp; </TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"> 235,964 </TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"> &nbsp; </TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> &nbsp; </TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"> &nbsp; </TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"> 235,964 </TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"> &nbsp; </TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> &nbsp; </TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"> &nbsp; </TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"> 235,964 </TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"> &nbsp; </TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> &nbsp; </TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"> &nbsp; </TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"> 235,964 </TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"> &nbsp; </TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> &nbsp; </TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"> &nbsp; </TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"> 235,964 </TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"> &nbsp; </TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; padding-left: 7.6pt"> Total shareholders&rsquo; equity(deficit) </TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> &nbsp; </TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"> &nbsp; </TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"> (5,526,346 </TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"> ) </TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> &nbsp; </TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"> &nbsp; </TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"> 4,473,654 </TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"> &nbsp; </TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> &nbsp; </TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"> &nbsp; </TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"> 17,473,654 </TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"> &nbsp; </TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> &nbsp; </TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"> &nbsp; </TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"> 1,773,654 </TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"> &nbsp; </TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> &nbsp; </TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"> &nbsp; </TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"> 11,263,654 </TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"> &nbsp; </TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt"> &nbsp; </TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt"> &nbsp; </TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left"> &nbsp; </TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: right"> &nbsp; </TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left"> &nbsp; </TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt"> &nbsp; </TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left"> &nbsp; </TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: right"> &nbsp; </TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left"> &nbsp; </TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt"> &nbsp; </TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left"> &nbsp; </TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: right"> &nbsp; </TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left"> &nbsp; </TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt"> &nbsp; </TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left"> &nbsp; </TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: right"> &nbsp; </TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left"> &nbsp; </TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt"> &nbsp; </TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left"> &nbsp; </TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: right"> &nbsp; </TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left"> &nbsp; </TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; padding-left: 15.25pt"> Total capitalization </TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> &nbsp; </TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"> $ </TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"> 7,450,191 </TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"> &nbsp; </TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> &nbsp; </TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"> $ </TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"> 17,450,191 </TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"> &nbsp; </TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> &nbsp; </TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"> $ </TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"> 30,450,191 </TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"> &nbsp; </TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> &nbsp; </TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"> $ </TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"> 14,750,191 </TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"> &nbsp; </TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> &nbsp; </TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"> $ </TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"> 24,240,191 </TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"> &nbsp; </TD></TR>
</TABLE>



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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>&nbsp;</B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B><A NAME="a_012"></A>DILUTION</B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">If
you invest in our Series A Convertible Preferred Stock, your interest will be diluted to the extent of the difference between
the public offering price per share of our Series A Convertible Preferred Stock and the pro forma as adjusted net tangible book
value per share of our Series A Convertible Preferred Stock immediately after this offering. The pro forma net tangible book value
of our Common Stock as of March 31, 2019 was $&nbsp;(5.53) million, or $&nbsp;(0.31) per share. Pro forma net tangible book value
per share represents our total tangible assets less our total liabilities, divided by the number of shares of outstanding Common
Stock.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"> After giving effect to the receipt
of the net proceeds from our sale of 1,428,571 shares at minimum, and 3,285,714 at maximum of Series A Convertible Preferred Stock
in this offering at an assumed public offering price of $ 7.00&nbsp;per share, as set forth on the cover page of this prospectus,
after deducting underwriting discounts, Dividend Reserve and estimated offering expenses payable by us, our pro forma as adjusted
net tangible book value as of March 31,2019 would have been $1.77&nbsp;million at minimum, or $11.26 million at maximum, or $0.10&nbsp;per
share at minimum, or $0.64 per share at maximum. This represents an immediate increase in pro forma as adjusted net tangible book
value of $0.41&nbsp;per share at minimum, or $0.95 per share at maximum to existing stockholders and an immediate dilution of
$0.01 per share at minimum, or $0.10 per share at maximum to new investors purchasing Series A Convertible Preferred Stock at
a conversion ratio of 1:1 in this offering. </P>



<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
following table illustrates this dilution on a per share basis to new investors:</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"></P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom">
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt"> &nbsp; </TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> &nbsp; </TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="6" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid"> Per
    Share </TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> &nbsp; </TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom">
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt"> &nbsp; </TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> &nbsp; </TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid"> Minimum </TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> &nbsp; </TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> &nbsp; </TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid"> Maximum </TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> &nbsp; </TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="width: 76%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> Assumed public offering price per share </TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> &nbsp; </TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"> $ </TD><TD STYLE="width: 9%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"> 7.00 </TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"> &nbsp; </TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> &nbsp; </TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"> &nbsp; </TD><TD STYLE="width: 9%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"> 7.00 </TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"> &nbsp; </TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> Net tangible book value per share as of March 31, 2019 </TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> &nbsp; </TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"> $ </TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"> 0.31 </TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"> &nbsp; </TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> &nbsp; </TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"> &nbsp; </TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"> 0.31 </TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"> &nbsp; </TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> Pro forma net tangible book value per share of Common Stock </TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> &nbsp; </TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"> $ </TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"> 0.25 </TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"> &nbsp; </TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> &nbsp; </TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"> &nbsp; </TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"> 0.99 </TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"> &nbsp; </TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"> Pro forma net tangible book value per share, after
    giving effect to this offering </TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> &nbsp; </TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"> $ </TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"> 0.23 </TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"> &nbsp; </TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> &nbsp; </TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"> &nbsp; </TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"> 0.83 </TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"> &nbsp; </TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; text-indent: -10pt; padding-left: 10pt"> Amount of
    dilution in pro forma net tangible book value per share of Series A Convertible Preferred Stock to new investors in this Offering </TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> &nbsp; </TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"> $ </TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"> 0.09 </TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"> &nbsp; </TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> &nbsp; </TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"> &nbsp; </TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"> 0.54 </TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"> &nbsp; </TD></TR>
</TABLE>



<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"></P>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"> <FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT> </P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"> A $1.00 increase (decrease) in the
assumed public offering price of $7.00&nbsp;per share of Series A Convertible Preferred Stock, which is set forth on the cover
page of this prospectus, would increase (decrease) the pro forma net tangible book value, as adjusted to give effect to this offering,
by $0.06 (0.06)&nbsp;per share at minimum,  and $0.14 (0.14) per share at maximum, and the dilution to new investors by $0.05
(0.05)&nbsp;per share at minimum,  and $0.11 (0.11) per share at maximum, assuming the number of shares offered by us, as set
forth on the cover page of this prospectus, remains the same, and after deducting underwriting commissions and estimated expenses
payable by us. Similarly, each increase (decrease) of one million shares in the number of shares of Series A Convertible Preferred
Stock offered by us would increase (decrease) the pro forma net tangible book value, as adjusted to give effect to this offering,
by $0.35 (0.38)&nbsp;per share at minimum, and $0.28 (0.29) per share at maximum, and the dilution to new investors by $0.26 (0.28)&nbsp;per
share at minimum, and $0.21 (0.23) per share at maximum, assuming the assumed public offering price remains the same and after
deducting underwriting discounts and commissions and estimated expenses payable by us. </P>



<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;<FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>


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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B><A NAME="a_013"></A>MANAGEMENT&rsquo;S
DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS&nbsp;OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS</B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><I>The
following discussion and analysis should be read together with our financial statements and the related notes appearing elsewhere
in this prospectus. This discussion contains forward-looking statements reflecting our current expectations that involve risks
and uncertainties. See &ldquo;Cautionary Note Regarding Forward-Looking Statements and Industry Data&rdquo; for a discussion of
the uncertainties, risks and assumptions associated with these statements. Actual results and the timing of events could differ
materially from those discussed in our forward-looking statements as a result of many factors, including those set forth under
&ldquo;Risk Factors&rdquo; and elsewhere in this prospectus.</I></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>Overview</B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">We
are a clinical stage biopharmaceutical company focused on development of new drugs and medical devices in the fields of oncology,
ophthalmology and central nervous system. We operate our business through our wholly owned subsidiaries, American BriVision Corporation
(&ldquo;BriVision&rdquo;), a Delaware corporation, with a focus on medical device development, BioLite Holding Inc. (&ldquo;BioLite&rdquo;),
a Nevada corporation, with the key business of new drug development, and BioKey Inc. (BioKey&rdquo;), a California corporation,
a contract service organization.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
Company currently concentrates on clinical research and development of six new drug candidates and one Class III medical device,
which collectively constitute its primary business operations and research projects. BriVision was incorporated in 2015 in the
State of Delaware. It currently focuses on the development of ABV-1701 Vitreous Substitute for Vitrectomy.&nbsp;BioLite was formed
in July 2016 under the laws of Nevada. Through BioLite, we conduct clinical research and trials of six new drug candidates which
were licensed from BioLite, Inc. (&ldquo;BioLite Taiwan&rdquo;), a company formed in Taiwan that is a subsidiary of BioLite. The
six new drug candidates under our development are named as follows: ABV-1504 for the treatment of Major Depressive Disorder, ABV-1505
to treat Attention-Deficit Hyperactivity Disease, ABV-1501 for the treatment of Triple Negative Breast Cancer, ABV-1703 for the
treatment of Pancreatic Cancer, ABV-1702 to treat Myelodysplastic syndromes and ABV-1601 Depression in Cancer Patients. BioKey
was formed under the laws of California in November 2000. It is engaged primarily in research and development, manufacturing,
and distribution of generic drugs and nutraceuticals with strategic partners. BioKey provides a wide range of services, including,
API characterization, pre-formulation studies, formulation development, analytical method development, stability studies, IND/NDA/ANDA/510K
submissions, and manufacturing clinical trial materials (phase I through phase III) and commercial manufacturing. It also licenses
out its technologies and initiates joint research and development processes to other biotechnology, pharmaceutical, and nutraceutical
companies.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">As
a clinical stage biopharmaceutical company, we utilize our licensed technology to (i) further the development of pharmaceutical
products with focuses on oncology, ophthalmology and central nervous system indications, (ii) target patients that may potentially
respond to such pharmaceutical products and (iii) obtain regulatory approvals for and commercialize such pharmaceutical products
in various markets. The business model of the Company includes the following steps and stages: 1) engaging medical research institutions,
such as Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center (&ldquo;MSKCC&rdquo;) and MD Anderson Cancer Center, to coordinate clinical trials
of translational medicine for Proof of Concept (&ldquo;POC&rdquo;) on behalf of the Company; 2) retaining ownership of the research
results developed by the Company, and 3) out-licensing the research results and data to pharmaceutical companies who will further
develop and commercialize the products.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">From
its inception, the Company has not generated substantial revenue from its medical device and new drug development. For the three
months ended March 31, 2019, the Company generated $212,242 in revenue, mainly from its CDMO business unit.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"></FONT></P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>Closing
of the Mergers</B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>&nbsp;</B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">On
January 31, 2018, the Company, BioLite, BioKey, BioLite Acquisition Corp., a Nevada company and direct wholly-owned subsidiary
of Parent (&ldquo;Merger Sub 1&rdquo;), and BioKey Acquisition Corp., a California company and direct wholly-owned subsidiary
of Parent (&ldquo;Merger Sub 2&rdquo;) entered into a definitive Agreement and Plan of Merger, providing for the acquisition of
BioLite and BioKey by ABVC, which we refer to as the &ldquo;Merger Agreement.&rdquo;&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">On
February 8, 2019 (the &ldquo;Closing Date&rdquo;), the Company closed the transactions contemplated under the Merger Agreement
(the &ldquo;Closing&rdquo;), pursuant to which BioLite merged with Merger Sub 1 with BioLite as the surviving corporation, which
we refer to as the &ldquo;BioLite Merger,&rdquo; and BioKey merged with Merger Sub 2 with BioKey as the surviving corporation,
which is referred as the &ldquo;BioKey Merger.&rdquo; On the Closing Date, BioLite filed the Article of Merger of the BioLite
Merger with the State of Nevada, pursuant to which BioLite became a wholly-owned subsidiary of the Company. On the same day, BioKey
filed the Agreement of Merger of the BioKey Merger with the State of California, pursuant to which BioKey became a wholly-owned
subsidiary of the Company. In addition, in accordance with the terms of the Merger Agreement and as consideration for the acquisition
of BioLite and BioKey, the Company issued 1.82 shares of its Common Stock, par value $0.001 per share, for each share of BioLite&rsquo;s
common stock to each BioLite shareholder and one share of ABVC&rsquo;s Common Stock for each share of BioKey&rsquo;s capital stock
to each BioKey equity holder. The Company issued an aggregate of approximately 104,558,777 shares of Common Stock to both BioLite
shareholders and BioKey shareholders under a registration statement on <A HREF="http://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/1173313/000121390018009520/fs42018_americanbrivision.htm">Form S-4</A> (File Number 333-226285), which became effective
by operation of law on or about February 5, 2019.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Following
the Closing, the Company operates as a single entity with three relatively separate but integrated special business units (&ldquo;SBU&rdquo;s),
which are 1) the New Drug Development SBU, including the new drug pipeline products from BioLite and the patented controlled release
drug delivery technology from BioKey, 2) the Innovative Medical Devices SBU, currently focusing on the development of Vitargus,
a new invention of a biocompatible vitreous substitute for the treatment of retinal detachment and vitreous hemorrhage, and 3)
the CDMO SBU, providing contract services for pharmaceutical companies in the U. S. and as abroad to develop and manufacture new
drug products in BioKey&rsquo;s good manufacturing practice (&ldquo;GMP&rdquo;) facility and prepare studies to obtain ANDAs to
launch certain new pharmaceutical products in the U.S.&nbsp;While each of these SBUs is operated independently of one another,
they report to the same management team and supervised by the board of directors (the &ldquo;Board&rdquo;) of the Company and
share common resources and functions, including, but not limited to, administration, accounting, human resources, research and
development, business development, legal, manufacturing facilities, and office and laboratory spaces. The Board has representatives
from each board of directors of BioLite, BioKey and ABVC. The Board consists of the following members: Eugene Jiang, Dr. Tsang
Ming Jiang, Dr. Ming-Fong Wu, Norimi Sakamoto, Yen-Hsin Chou, Dr. Tsung-Shann (T.S.) Jiang, Dr. Chang-Jen Jiang, Dr. Shin-Yu Miao,
Yoshinobu Odaira, Shih-Chen Tzeng, and Dr. Hwalin Lee.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"></FONT></P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>Common
Stock Reverse Split&nbsp;</B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">On
March 12, 2019, the Board by unanimous written consent in lieu of a meeting approved to i) effect a stock reverse split at the
ratio of 1-for-18 (the &ldquo;Reverse Split&rdquo;) of both the authorized Common Stock of the Company and the issued and outstanding
Common Stock and ii) to amend the articles of incorporation of the Company to reflect the Reverse Split. The Board approved and
authorized the Reverse Split without obtaining approval of the Company&rsquo;s shareholders pursuant to Section 78.207 of Nevada
Revised Statutes.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">On
May 3, 2019, the Company filed a certificate of amendment to the Company&rsquo;s articles of incorporation (the &ldquo;Amendment&rdquo;)
to effect the Reverse Split with the Secretary of State of the State of Nevada. The Reverse Split took effect on May 8, 2019.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>Collaborative
Agreements</B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B><U>Collaborative
agreements with BHK</U></B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(i)
On February 24, 2015, BioLite Taiwan and BioHopeKing Corporation (&ldquo;BHK&rdquo;) entered into a co-development agreement (the
&ldquo;BHK Co-Development Agreement&rdquo;) pursuant to which BioLite Taiwan, a subsidiary of the Company, is collaborating with
BHK to research, develop and commercialize BLI-1401-2 (Botanical Drug) Triple Negative Breast Cancer (TNBC) Combination Therapy
(BLI-1401-2 Products) in Asian countries excluding Japan. The development costs shall be shared 50/50 between BHK and BioLite
Taiwan. The BHK Co-Development Agreement will remain in effect for fifteen years from the date of first commercial sale of the
Product in in Asia excluding Japan.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">On
July 27, 2016, BioLite Taiwan and BHK agreed to amend the payment terms of the milestone payment in an aggregate amount of $10
million based on the following schedule:</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<TABLE CELLSPACING="0" CELLPADDING="0" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; text-align: justify">
<TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#9679;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Upon
the signing of the BHK Co-Development Agreement: $1 million, or 10% of total payment</FONT></TD>
</TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<TABLE CELLSPACING="0" CELLPADDING="0" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; text-align: justify">
<TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#9679;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Upon
the first Investigational New Drug (IND) submission and BioLite Taiwan delivering all data to BHK according to FDA requirement:
$1 million, or 10% of total payment</FONT></TD>
</TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<TABLE CELLSPACING="0" CELLPADDING="0" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; text-align: justify">
<TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#9679;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">At
the completion of first phase II clinical trial: $1 million, or 10% of total payment</FONT></TD>
</TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<TABLE CELLSPACING="0" CELLPADDING="0" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; text-align: justify">
<TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#9679;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">At
the initiation of phase III of clinical trial research: $3 million, or 30% of total payment</FONT></TD>
</TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<TABLE CELLSPACING="0" CELLPADDING="0" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; text-align: justify">
<TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#9679;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Upon
the New Drug Application (NDA) submission: $4 million, or 40% of total payment</FONT></TD>
</TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">In
December 2015, BHK paid a non-refundable upfront cash payment of $1 million, or 10% of $10,000,000, pursuant to the BHK Co-Development
Agreement. The Company concluded that the deliverables are considered separate units of accounting as the delivered items have
value to the customer on a standalone basis and recognized this cash receipt as collaboration revenue when all research, technical,
and development data was delivered to BHK in 2015. The receipt is for the compensation of past research efforts and contributions
made by BioLite Taiwan before this collaborative agreement was signed and it does not relate to any future commitments made by
BioLite Taiwan and BHK in this collaborative agreement.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">In
August 2016, the Company received the second milestone payment of NT$31,649,000, approximately equivalent to $1 million, and recognized
collaboration revenue for the year ended December 31, 2016.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">As
of the date of this propsectus, the Company has not completed the first phase II clinical trial.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">In
addition to the milestone payments, BioLite Taiwan is entitled to receive royalties on 12% of BHK&rsquo;s net sales related to
BLI-1401-2 Products. As of March 31, 2019 and December 31, 2018, the Company had not earned any royalties under the BHK Co-Development
Agreement.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(ii)
On December 9, 2015, BioLite Taiwan entered into another two collaborative agreements (the &ldquo;BHK Collaborative Agreements&rdquo;),
pursuant to which BioLite Taiwan is collaborating with BHK to co-develop and commercialize BLI-1005 for &ldquo;Targeting Major
Depressive Disorder&rdquo; (BLI-1005 Products) and BLI-1006 for &ldquo;Targeting Inflammatory Bowel Disease&rdquo; (BLI-1006 Products)
in Asia excluding Japan. The development costs shall be shared 50/50 between BHK and BioLite Taiwan. The BHK Collaborative Agreements
will remain in effect for fifteen years from the date of first commercial sale of the Product in in Asia excluding Japan. On May
18, 2018, BioLite Taiwan and BHK amended the BHK Collaborative Agreements to replace the drug candidate from BLI-1006 to BLI-1008
for ADHD.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">In
2015, BioLite Taiwan recognized a cash receipt in a total of NT$50 million, approximately equivalent to $1.6 million, as collaboration
revenue when all research, technical, and development data was delivered to BHK. BioLite Taiwan concluded that the deliverables
were considered separate units of accounting as the delivered items had value to the customer on a standalone basis and recognized
this payment as collaboration revenue when all research, technical, data and development data was delivered to BHK. The cash receipt
was for the compensation of past research efforts and contributions made by BioLite Taiwan before the BHK Collaborative Agreements
were signed and it does not relate to any future commitments made by BioLite Taiwan and BHK in the BHK Collaborative Agreements.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">In
addition to the total of NT$50 million, approximately equivalent to $1.60 million, BioLite Taiwan is entitled to receive 50% of
the future net licensing income or net sales profit. As of March 31, 2019 and 2018, the Company had not earned any royalties under
the BHK Collaborative Agreements.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>&nbsp;</B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><B></B></FONT></P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><B>&nbsp;</B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B><U>Co-Development
agreement with Rgene Corporation, a related party</U></B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">On
May 26, 2017, American BriVision Corporation (&ldquo;BriVision&rdquo;), a wholly-owned subsidiary of the Company, entered into
a co-development agreement (the &ldquo;Co-Dev Agreement&rdquo;) with Rgene Corporation (&ldquo;Rgene&rdquo;), a related party
under control by a controlling beneficiary shareholder of YuanGene Corporation who also controls the Company. Pursuant to the
Co-Dev Agreement, BriVision and Rgene agreed to co-develop and commercialize ABV-1507 HER2/ neu Positive Breast Cancer Combination
Therapy, ABV-1511 Pancreativc Cancer Combination Therapy and ABV-1527 Ovary Cancer Combination Therapy. Under the terms of the
Co-Dev Agreement, Rgene had to pay BriVision $3,000,000 in cash or stock of Rgene with equivalent value by August 15, 2017. The
payment is for the compensation of BriVision&rsquo;s past research efforts and contributions made by BriVision before the Co-Dev
Agreement was signed and it does not relate to any future commitments made by BriVision and Rgene in this Co-Dev Agreement. Besides
of $3,000,000, BriVision is entitled to receive 50% of the future net licensing income or net sales profit earned by Rgene, if
any, and any development cost shall be equally shared by both BriVision and Rgene.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">On
June 1, 2017, BriVision delivered all research, technical, data and development data to Rgene. Since both Rgene and BriVision
are related parties and controlled by a controlling beneficiary shareholder of Yuangene Corporation who is also the controlling
beneficiary shareholder of the Company, BriVision has recorded the full amount of $3,000,000 in connection with the Co-Dev Agreement
as additional paid-in capital during the year ended September 30, 2017. During the year ended December 31, 2017, BriVision received
$450,000 in cash. On August 23, 2018, BriVision and Rgene agreed and acknowledged in an Addendum to the Co-Dev Agreement that
the remaining balance of the licensing fee owed to BriVision could be paid in stock of Rgene of the equivalent value of $2,550,000.
On December 24, 2018, BriVision received the remaining balance of $2,550,000 in the form of newly issued shares of Rgene&rsquo;s
common stock, at the price of NT$50 (approximately equivalent to $1.60 per share), for an aggregate number of 1,530,000 shares,
which accounted for equity method long-term investment as of December 31, 2018. During the year ended December 31, 2018, BriVision
recognized investment loss of $549. On December 31, 2018, BriVision determined to fully write off this investment based on the
Company&rsquo;s assessment of the severity and duration of the impairment, and qualitative and quantitative analysis of the operating
performance of the investee, adverse changes in market conditions and the regulatory or economic environment, changes in the operating
structure of Rgene, additional funding requirements, and Rgene&rsquo;s ability to remain in business. However, all projects that
have been initiated and scheduled will be continuously managed and supported by BriVision and Rgene.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B><U>Collaborative
agreement with BioFirst Corporation, a related party</U></B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">On
July 24, 2017, BriVision entered into a collaborative agreement (the &ldquo;BioFirst Collaborative Agreement&rdquo;) with BioFirst
Corporation (&ldquo;BioFirst&rdquo;), pursuant to which BioFirst granted BriVision the global licensing right for medical use
of the product (the &ldquo;Product&rdquo;): BFC-1401 Vitreous Substitute for Vitrectomy. BioFirst is a related party to the Company
because a controlling beneficiary shareholder of Yuangene Corporation and the Company is one of the directors and Common Stock
shareholders of BioFirst.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Pursuant
to the BioFirst Collaborative Agreement, BriVision will co-develop and commercialize the Product with BioFirst and pay BioFirst
a total amount of $3,000,000 in cash or stock of BriVision before September 30, 2018. The amount of $3,000,000 was in connection
with the compensation for BioFirst&rsquo;s past research efforts and contributions made by BioFirst before the BioFirst Collaborative
Agreement was signed and it does not relate to any future commitments made by BioFirst and BriVision in this BioFirst Collaborative
Agreement. In addition, BioFirst is entitled to receive 50% of the future net licensing income or net sales profit, if any, and
any development cost shall be equally shared by both BriVision and BioFirst.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">On
September 25, 2017, BioFirst delivered all research, technical data and development data to BriVision. No payment has been made
by BriVision as of the date of this prospectus. The Company determined to fully expense the entire amount of $3,000,000 since
currently the related licensing rights do not have alternative future uses. According to ASC 730-10-25-1, absent alternative future
uses the acquisition of product rights to be used in research and development activities must be charged to research and development
expenses immediately. Hence, the entire amount of $3,000,000 was fully expensed as research and development expense during the
year ended September 30, 2017 of the Company on a consolidated basis.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"></FONT></P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B><I>Loan
Agreement</I></B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><U>Cathay
United Bank</U></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">On
June 28, 2016, BioLite Taiwan and Cathay United Bank entered into a one-year bank loan agreement (the &ldquo;Cathay United Loan
Agreement&rdquo;) in an amount of NT$7,500,000, equivalent to $243,000. The term started June 28, 2016 with maturity date at June
28, 2017. The loan balance bears interest at a floating rate of prime rate plus 1.15%. The prime rate is based on term deposit
saving interest rate of Cathay United Bank. On September 6, 2017, BioLite Taiwan extended the Cathay United Loan Agreement for
one year, which was due on September 6, 2018, with the principal amount of NT$7,500,000, equivalent to $243,000. On October 1,
2018, BioLite Taiwan extended the Cathay United Loan Agreement with the same principal amount of NT$7,500,000, equivalent to $243,0050
for one year, which is due on September 6, 2019. As of March 31, 2019 and December 31, 2018, the effective interest rates per
annum were 2.22%. The loan is collateralized by the building and improvement of BioLite Taiwan, and is also personally guaranteed
by the chairman of BioLite Taiwan.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><U>CTBC
Bank</U></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">On
June 12, 2017 and July 19, 2017, BioLite Taiwan and CTBC Bank entered into short-term saving secured bank loan agreements (the
&ldquo;CTBC Loan Agreements&rdquo;) in an amount of NT$10,000,000, equivalent to $324,000, and NT$10,000,000, equivalent to $324,000,
respectively. Both two loans with the same maturity date at January 19, 2018. In February 2018, BioLite Taiwan combined two loans
and extended the loan contract with CTBC for one year. On January 18, 2019, BioLite Taiwan and CTBC Bank agreed to extend the
loan with a new maturity date, which is July 18, 2019. The loan balances bear interest at a fixed rate of 1.63% per annum. The
loan is secured by the money deposited in a savings account with the CTBC Bank. This loan is also personally guaranteed by the
chairman of BioLite Taiwan and BioFirst.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><U>Cathay
Bank</U></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">During
the three months ended March 31, 2019, the Company received a loan in aggregate of $1,000,000 from Cathay Bank pursuant to a business
loan agreement (the &ldquo;Loan Agreement&rdquo;) entered by and between the Company and Cathay Bank on January 8, 2019 and a
promissory note (the &ldquo;Note&rdquo;) executed by the Company on the same day. The Loan Agreement provides for a revolving
line of credit in the principal amount of $1,000,000 with a maturity date (the &ldquo;Maturity Date&rdquo;) of January&nbsp;1,
2020. The Note executed in connection with the Loan Agreement bears an interest rate (the &ldquo;Regular Interest Rate&rdquo;)
equal to the sum of one percent (1%) and the prime rate as published in the Wall Street Journal (the &ldquo;Index&rdquo;). Pursuant
to the Note, the Company shall pay the entire outstanding principal plus accrued unpaid interest on the Maturity Date and may
prepay portion or all of the Note before the Maturity Date without penalty. If the Company defaults on the Note, the default interest
rate shall become five percent (5%) plus the Regular Interest Rate.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">In
connection with the Note and Loan Agreement, on January 8, 2019, each of Dr. Tsung Shann Jiang and Dr. George Lee executed a commercial
guaranty (the &ldquo;Guaranty&rdquo;) to guaranty the loans for the Company pursuant to the Loan Agreement and Note, severally
and individually, in the amount not exceeding $500,000 each until the principal amount of the Note and accrued interest is fully
paid and satisfied. Dr. Tsung Shann Jiang is a director and the Chief Strategy Officer of the Company, the Chairman and Chief
Executive Officer of BioLite, a subsidiary of the Company. Dr. George Lee serves as the Chairman of the board of directors of
BioKey, another subsidiary of the Company.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">In
addition, on January 8, 2019, each of the Company and BriVision signed a commercial security agreement (the &ldquo;Security Agreement&rdquo;)
to secure the loans under the Loan Agreement and the Note. Pursuant to the Security Agreements, each of the Company and BriVision
(each, a &ldquo;Grantor&rdquo;, and collectively, the &ldquo;Grantors&rdquo;) granted security interest in the collaterals as
defined therein, comprised of almost all of the assets of each Grantor, to secure such loans for the benefit of Cathay Bank.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B><I>Revenue
Generation</I></B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Most
of our licensed products are still under development and trial stage. During the three months ended March 31, 2019 and 2018, we
generated $212,242 and $0 in revenues, respectively, primarily from the CDMO business unit.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"></FONT></P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B><I>Research
and Development</I></B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">During
the three months ended March 31, 2019 and 2018, we spent approximately&nbsp;$421,956 and $248,111 on research and development,
respectively, which consisted primarily of research and development and payroll expenses. Such payroll expenses were settled in
both cash and common stock issued by the Company.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B><I>&nbsp;</I></B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B><I>Critical
Accounting Policies and Estimates</I></B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>&nbsp;</B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">We
believe that the following accounting policies are the most critical to aid you in fully understanding and evaluating this &ldquo;Management&rsquo;s
Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operation.&rdquo;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 27.5pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><U>Basis
of Presentation</U></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
accompanying unaudited consolidated financial statements have been prepared in accordance with the generally accepted accounting
principles in the United States of America (the &ldquo;U.S. GAAP&rdquo;). All significant intercompany transactions and account
balances have been eliminated.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">This
basis of accounting involves the application of accrual accounting and consequently, revenues and gains are recognized when earned,
and expenses and losses are recognized when incurred. The Company&rsquo;s financial statements are expressed in U.S. dollars.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><U>Fiscal
Year</U></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
Company changed its fiscal year from the period beginning on October 1<SUP>st</SUP>&nbsp;and ending on September 30<SUP>th</SUP>&nbsp;to
the period beginning on January 1<SUP>st</SUP>&nbsp;and ending on December 31<SUP>st</SUP>, beginning January 1, 2018.&nbsp;All
references herein to a fiscal year prior to December 31, 2017 refer to the twelve months ended September 30<SUP>th</SUP>&nbsp;of
such year.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><U>Use
of Estimates</U></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
preparation of financial statements in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America
requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosure
of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the consolidated financial statements and the amount of revenues and expenses
during the reporting periods. Actual results could differ materially from those results.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><U>Inventory</U></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Inventory
consists of raw materials, work-in-process, finished goods, and merchandise. Inventories are stated at the lower of cost or market
and valued on a moving weighted average cost basis. Market is determined based on net realizable value. The Company periodically
reviews the age and turnover of its inventory to determine whether any inventory has become obsolete or has declined in value,
and incurs a charge to operations for known and anticipated inventory obsolescence.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><U>Reclassifications</U></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Certain
classifications have been made to the prior year financial statements to conform to the current year presentation. The reclassification
had no impact on previously reported net loss or accumulated deficit.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><U>Forward
Stock Split</U></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">On
March 21, 2016, the Board of Directors and the majority of the shareholders of the Company approved an amendment to the Articles
of Incorporation to effect a forward split at a ratio of 1 to 3.141 and increase the number of our authorized shares of common
stock, par value $0.001 per share, to 360,000,000, which was effective on April 8, 2016. As a result, all shares outstanding for
all periods have been retroactively restated to reflect Company&rsquo;s 1 to 3.141 forward stock split.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"></FONT></P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><U>Reverse
Stock Split</U></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>



<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"> On March 12, 2019, the Board of Directors
by unanimous written consent in lieu of a meeting approved resolutions to i) effect a reverse stock split at the ratio of 1-for-18
(the &ldquo;Reverse Split&rdquo;) of both the authorized Common Stock and the issued and outstanding Common Stock and ii) to amend
the Articles of Incorporation to reflect the Reverse Split. The Board of Directors approved and authorized the Reverse Split without
obtaining approval of the Company&rsquo;s shareholders pursuant to Section 78.207 of Nevada Revised Statutes. On May 3, 2019,
the Company filed a certificate of amendment to the Company&rsquo;s Articles of Incorporation (the &ldquo;Amendment&rdquo;) to
effect the Reverse Split with the Secretary of State of Nevada. The Financial Industry Regulatory Authority (&ldquo;FINRA&rdquo;)
informed the Company that the Reverse Split was effective on May 8, 2019. Unless specified otherwise, all shares and related financial
information in this prospectus reflect this 1-for-18 reverse stock split. </P>



<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">

<FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><U>Fair
Value Measurements</U></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>



<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"> FASB ASC 820, &ldquo;Fair Value Measurements&rdquo;
defines fair value for certain financial and nonfinancial assets and liabilities that are recorded at fair value, establishes
a framework for measuring fair value and expands disclosures about fair value measurements. It requires that an entity measure
its financial instruments to base fair value on exit price, maximize the use of observable units and minimize the use of unobservable
inputs to determine the exit price. It establishes a hierarchy, which prioritizes the inputs to valuation techniques used to measure
fair value. This hierarchy increases the consistency and comparability of fair value measurements and related disclosures by maximizing
the use of observable inputs and minimizing the use of unobservable inputs by requiring that observable inputs be used when available.
Observable inputs are inputs that reflect the assumptions market participants would use in pricing the assets or liabilities based
on market data obtained from sources independent of the Company. Unobservable inputs are inputs that reflect the Company&rsquo;s
own assumptions about the assumptions market participants would use in pricing the asset or liability developed based on the best
information available in the circumstances. The hierarchy prioritizes the inputs into three broad levels based on the reliability
of the inputs as follows: </P>



<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">

<FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<TABLE CELLSPACING="0" CELLPADDING="0" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; text-align: justify">
<TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#9679;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Level
1 &ndash; Inputs are quoted prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities that the Company has the ability to access
at the measurement date. Valuation of these instruments does not require a high degree of judgment as the valuations are based
on quoted prices in active markets that are readily and regularly available.</FONT></TD>
</TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<TABLE CELLSPACING="0" CELLPADDING="0" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; text-align: justify">
<TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#9679;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Level
2 &ndash; Inputs other than quoted prices in active markets that are either directly or indirectly observable as of the measurement
date, such as quoted prices for similar assets or liabilities; quoted prices in markets that are not active; or other inputs that
are observable or can be corroborated by observable market data for substantially the full term of the assets or liabilities.</FONT></TD>
</TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<TABLE CELLSPACING="0" CELLPADDING="0" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; text-align: justify">
<TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#9679;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Level
3 &ndash; Valuations based on inputs that are unobservable and not corroborated by market data. The fair value for such assets
and liabilities is generally determined using pricing models, discounted cash flow methodologies, or similar techniques that incorporate
the assumptions a market participant would use in pricing the asset or liability.</FONT></TD>
</TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
carrying values of certain assets and liabilities of the Company, such as cash and cash equivalents, restricted cash, accounts
receivable, due from related parties, inventory, prepaid expenses and other current assets, accounts payable, accrued liabilities,
and due to related parties approximate fair value due to their relatively short maturities. The carrying value of the Company&rsquo;s
short-term bank loan, convertible notes payable, and accrued interest approximates their fair value as the terms of the borrowing
are consistent with current market rates and the duration to maturity is short. The carrying value of the Company&rsquo;s long-term
bank loan approximates fair value because the interest rates approximate market rates that the Company could obtain for debt with
similar terms and maturities.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><U>Cash
and Cash Equivalents</U></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
Company considers highly liquid investments with maturities of three months or less, when purchased, to be cash equivalents. As
of March 31, 2019 and December 31, 2018, the Company&rsquo;s cash and cash equivalents amounted to $981,341 and $226,688, respectively.
Some&nbsp;of the Company&rsquo;s cash deposits are held in financial institutions located in Taiwan where there is currently regulation
mandated on obligatory insurance of bank accounts. The Company believes this financial institution is of high credit quality.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"></FONT></P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><U>Restricted
Cash Equivalents</U></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Restricted
cash equivalents primarily consist of cash held in a reserve bank account in Taiwan. As of March 31, 2019 and December 31, 2018,
the Company&rsquo;s restricted cash equivalents amounted to $16,093.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><U>Concentration
of Credit Risk</U></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
Company&rsquo;s financial instruments that are exposed to concentrations of credit risk consist primarily of cash and cash equivalents.
The Company places its cash and temporary cash investments in high quality credit institutions, but these investments may be in
excess of Taiwan Central Deposit Insurance Corporation and the U.S. Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation&rsquo;s insurance limits.
The Company does not enter into financial instruments for hedging, trading or speculative purposes.&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><U>Goodwill</U></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
Company evaluates goodwill for impairment annually or more frequently when an event occurs or circumstances change that indicate
the carrying value may not be recoverable. In testing goodwill for impairment, the Company may elect to utilize a qualitative
assessment to evaluate whether it is more likely than not that the fair value of a reporting unit is less than its carrying amount.
If the qualitative assessment indicates that goodwill impairment is more likely than not, the Company performs a two-step impairment
test. The Company tests goodwill for impairment under the two-step impairment test by first comparing the book value of net assets
to the fair value of the reporting units. If the fair value is determined to be less than the book value or qualitative factors
indicate that it is more likely than not that goodwill is impaired, a second step is performed to compute the amount of impairment
as the difference between the estimated fair value of goodwill and the carrying value. The Company estimates the fair value of
the reporting units using discounted cash flows. Forecasts of future cash flows are based on our best estimate of future net sales
and operating expenses, based primarily on expected category expansion, pricing, market segment share, and general economic conditions.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
Company completed the required testing of goodwill for impairment as of March 31, 2019, and determined that goodwill was impaired
because of the current financial condition of the Company and the Company&rsquo;s inability to generate future operating income
without substantial sales volume increases, which are highly uncertain. Furthermore, the Company anticipates future cash flows
indicate that the recoverability of goodwill is not reasonably assured.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><U>Research
and Development Expenses</U></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
Company accounts for R&amp;D costs in accordance with FASB ASC 730, &ldquo;Research and Development&rdquo; (&ldquo;ASC 730&rdquo;).
Research and development expenses are charged to expense as incurred unless there is an alternative future use in other research
and development projects or otherwise. Research and development expenses are comprised of costs incurred in performing research
and development activities, including personnel-related costs, share-based compensation, and facilities-related overhead, outside
contracted services including clinical trial costs, manufacturing and process development costs for both clinical and preclinical
materials, research costs, upfront and development milestone payments under collaborative agreements and other consulting services.
Non-refundable advance payment for goods and services that will be used in future research and development activities are expensed
when the activity has been performed or when the goods have been received rather than when the payment is made. In instances where
the Company enters into agreements with third parties to provide research and development services, costs are expensed as services
are performed. Amounts due under such arrangements may be either fixed fee or fee for service, and may include upfront payments,
monthly payments, and payments upon the completion of milestones or receipt of deliverables.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">For
its CDMO business unit, the Company accounts for R&amp;D costs in accordance with ASC 730. Research and development expenses are
charged to expense as incurred unless there is an alternative future use in other research and development projects or otherwise.
Research and development expenses are comprised of costs incurred in performing research and development activities, including
personnel-related costs, facilities-related overhead, and outside contracted services including clinical trial costs, manufacturing
and process development costs for both clinical and preclinical materials, research costs, and other consulting services. Non-refundable
advance payment for goods and services that will be used in future research and development activities are expensed when the activity
has been performed or when the goods have been received rather than when the payment is made. In instances where the Company enters
into agreements with third parties to provide research and development services, costs are expensed as services are performed.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"></FONT></P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><U>Stock-based
Compensation</U></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
Company measures expenses associated with all employee stock-based compensation awards using a fair value method and recognizes
such expense in the consolidated financial statements on a straight-line basis over the requisite service period in accordance
with FASB ASC Topic 718 &ldquo;Compensation-Stock Compensation&rdquo;. Total employee stock-based compensation expenses were $0
for the three months ended March 31, 2019 and 2018, respectively.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
Company accounted for stock-based compensation to non-employees in accordance with FASB ASC Topic 718 &ldquo;Compensation-Stock
Compensation&rdquo; and FASB ASC Topic 505-50 &ldquo;Equity-Based Payments to Non-Employees&rdquo; which requires that the cost
of services received from non-employees is measured at fair value at the earlier of the performance commitment date or the date
service is completed and recognized over the period the service is provided. Total non-employee stock-based compensation expenses
were $8,550 and $5,626 for the three months ended March 31, 2019 and 2018, respectively.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><U>Beneficial
Conversion Feature</U></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">From
time to time, the Company may issue convertible notes that may contain an imbedded beneficial conversion feature. A beneficial
conversion feature exists on the date a convertible note is issued when the fair value of the underlying common stock to which
the note is convertible into is in excess of the remaining unallocated proceeds of the note after first considering the allocation
of a portion of the note proceeds to the fair value of the warrants, if related warrants have been granted. The intrinsic value
of the beneficial conversion feature is recorded as a debt discount with a corresponding amount to additional paid in capital.
The debt discount is amortized to interest expense over the life of the note using the effective interest method.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><U>Income
Taxes</U></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 40.2pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
Company accounts for income taxes using the asset and liability approach which allows the recognition and measurement of deferred
tax assets to be based upon the likelihood of realization of tax benefits in future years. Under the asset and liability approach,
deferred taxes are provided for the net tax effects of temporary differences between the carrying amounts of assets and liabilities
for financial reporting purposes and the amounts used for income tax purposes. A valuation allowance is provided for deferred
tax assets if it is more likely than not these items will expire before the Company is able to realize their benefits, or future
deductibility is uncertain.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Under
FASB ASC Topic 740 &ldquo;Income Taxes&rdquo;, a tax position is recognized as a benefit only if it is&nbsp;&ldquo;more likely
than not&rdquo;&nbsp;that the tax position would be sustained in a tax examination, with a tax examination being presumed to occur.
The evaluation of a tax position is a two-step process. The first step is to determine whether it is more-likely-than-not that
a tax position will be sustained upon examination, including the resolution of any related appeals or litigations based on the
technical merits of that position. The second step is to measure a tax position that meets the more-likely-than-not threshold
to determine the amount of benefits recognized in the financial statements. A tax position is measured at the largest amount of
benefit that is greater than 50 percent likely of being realized upon ultimate settlement. Tax positions that previously failed
to meet the more-likely-than-not recognition threshold should be recognized in the first subsequent period in which the threshold
is met. Previously recognized tax positions that no longer meet the more-likely-than-not criteria should be de-recognized in the
first subsequent financial reporting period in which the threshold is no longer satisfied. Penalties and interest incurred related
to underpayment of income tax are classified as income tax expense in the year incurred. No significant penalty or interest relating
to income taxes has been incurred for the three months ended March 31, 2019 and 2018, respectively. GAAP also provides guidance
on de-recognition, classification, interest and penalties, accounting in interim periods, disclosures and transition.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"></FONT></P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt; background-color: white">On
December 22, 2017, the SEC issued Staff Accounting Bulletin (&ldquo;SAB 118&rdquo;), which provides guidance on accounting for
tax effects of the Tax Act. SAB 118 provides a measurement period that should not extend beyond one year from the Tax Act enactment
date for companies to complete the accounting under ASC 740. In accordance with SAB 118, a company must reflect the income tax
effects of those aspects of the Act for which the accounting under ASC 740 is complete. In March 2018, the FASB issued ASU 2018-05,
Amendments to SEC Paragraphs Pursuant to SEC Staff Accounting Bulletin No. 118 (SEC Update), Income Taxes (Topic 740). ASU 2018-05
provides guidance regarding the recording of tax impacts where uncertainty exists, in the period of adoption of the 2017 U.S.
Tax Cuts and Jobs Act (the &ldquo;2017 Tax Act&rdquo;). In accordance with this guidance, the Company&rsquo;s financial results
reflect provisional amounts for those specific income tax effects of the 2017 Tax Act for which the accounting under ASC Topic
740 is incomplete but a reasonable estimate could be determined. If a company cannot determine a provisional estimate to be included
in the financial statements, it should continue to apply ASC 740 on the basis of the provision of the tax laws that were in effect
immediately before the enactment of the Tax Act. While the Company is able to make reasonable estimates of the impact of the reduction
in corporate rate and the deemed repatriation transition tax, the final impact of the Tax Act may differ from these estimates,
due to, among other things, changes in its interpretations and assumptions, additional guidance that may be issued by the I.R.S.,
and actions that the Company may take. The Company is continuing to gather additional information to determine the final impact.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">For
the three months ended March 31, 2019 and 2018, the Company&rsquo;s income tax expense amounted $0 and $0, respectively.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><U>Loss
Per Share of Common Stock</U></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
Company calculates net loss per share in accordance with ASC Topic 260, &ldquo;Earnings per Share&rdquo;. Basic loss per share
is computed by dividing the net loss by the weighted average number of common shares outstanding during the period. Diluted loss
per share is computed similar to basic loss per share except that the denominator is increased to include the number of additional
common shares that would have been outstanding if the potential common stock equivalents had been issued and if the additional
common shares were dilutive. Diluted earnings per share excludes all dilutive potential shares if their effect is anti-dilutive.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><U>Commitments
and Contingencies</U></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
Company has adopted ASC Topic 450 &ldquo;Contingencies&rdquo; subtopic 20, in determining its accruals and disclosures with respect
to loss contingencies. Accordingly, estimated losses from loss contingencies are accrued by a charge to income when information
available before financial statements are issued or are available to be issued indicates that it is probable that an asset had
been impaired or a liability had been incurred at the date of the financial statements and the amount of the loss can be reasonably
estimated. Legal expenses associated with the contingency are expensed as incurred. If a loss contingency is not probable or reasonably
estimable, disclosure of the loss contingency is made in the financial statements when it is at least reasonably possible that
a material loss could be incurred.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><U>Recent
Accounting Pronouncements</U></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">In
August 2018, the FASB issued ASU 2018-13, Fair Value Measurement (&ldquo;Topic 820&rdquo;): Disclosure Framework - Changes to
the Disclosure Requirements for Fair Value Measurement (&ldquo;ASU 2018-13&rdquo;). The ASU modifies the disclosure requirements
in Topic 820, Fair Value Measurement, by removing certain disclosure requirements related to the fair value hierarchy, modifying
existing disclosure requirements related to measurement uncertainty and adding new disclosure requirements, such as disclosing
the changes in unrealized gains and losses for the period included in other comprehensive income for recurring Level 3 fair value
measurements held at the end of the reporting period and disclosing the range and weighted average of significant unobservable
inputs used to develop Level 3 fair value measurements. This ASU is effective for public companies for annual reporting periods
and interim periods within those annual periods beginning after December 15, 2019. The Company is currently evaluating the effect,
if any, that the ASU 2018-13 will have on its financial statements.&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>Limited
Operating History; Need for Additional Capital</B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">We
have no assurance that future financing will be available to us on acceptable terms, or at all. If financing is not available
on satisfactory terms, we may be unable to continue, develop or expand our operations. Equity financing could result in additional
dilution to existing shareholders.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">If
we are unable to raise additional capital to maintain our operations in the future, we may be unable to carry out our full business
plan or we may be forced to cease operations.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"></FONT></P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
following discussion and analysis should be read in conjunction with the unaudited financial statements of&nbsp;the Company&nbsp;for
the period ended March 31, 2019 and 2018 and accompanying notes that appear in this prospectus and the financial statements included
in this Registration Statement.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>Results
of Operations</B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Our
financial statements have been prepared assuming that we will continue as a going concern and, accordingly, do not include adjustments
relating to the recoverability and realization of assets and classification of liabilities that might be necessary should we be
unable to continue in operation. We expect we will require additional capital to meet our long term operating requirements. We
expect to raise additional capital through, among other things, the sale of equity or debt securities, but we cannot guarantee
that we will be able to achieve the same.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>Results
of Operations &mdash; Year Ended December 31, 2018 Compared to Year Ended December 31, 2017.</B>&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
following table presents, for the period indicated, our consolidated statements of operations information, prior to the closing
the Mergers.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="6" STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid">Year&nbsp;Ended<BR>
    December 31,</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid">2018</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid">2017</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Revenues</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">$</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">-</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">$</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">-</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">Cost of revenues</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">-</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">-</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">Gross profit (loss)</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">-</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">-</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">Operating expenses</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="width: 76%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">Selling, general and administrative
    expenses</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="width: 9%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">695,148</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="width: 9%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">811,685</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">Research and development expenses</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">669,668</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">3,171,665</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">Stock based compensation
    expenses</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">28,800</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">155,400</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;Total operating expenses</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">1,393,616</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">4,138,750</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">Loss from operations</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">(1,393,616</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">)</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">(4,138,750</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">)</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">Other income(expenses)</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; padding-left: 10pt">Interest income</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">93</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">180</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; padding-left: 10pt">Interest expense</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">(155,930</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">)</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">(103,460</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">)</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; padding-left: 10pt">Investment Loss</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">(549</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">)</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">-</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; padding-left: 10pt">Loss
    on investment in equity securities</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">(2,549,451</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">)</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">-</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; padding-left: 20pt">Total
    other income (expenses)</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">(2,705,837</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">)</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">103,280</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">Loss from continuing operations before provision
    income tax</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">(4,099,453</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">)</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">(4,242,030</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">)</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">Provision income tax</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">1,850</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">830</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; padding-bottom: 4pt">Net Loss</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 4pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">$</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">(4,101,303</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 4pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">)</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 4pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">(4,242,860</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 4pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">)</TD></TR>
</TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B><I>Revenues.
</I></B>We did not generate any revenue during the year ended December 31, 2018 and 2017. As such, we did not incur any cost associated
with revenues during the same periods.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B><I>Operating
Expenses.&nbsp;</I></B>Our operating expenses were $1,393,616 for the year ended December 31, 2018 as compared to $4,138,750 for
the year ended December 31, 2017. The decrease in operating expenses in the amount of $2,745,134 or (66.33)% in the year ended
December 31, 2018 was primarily caused by the decrease in research and development expense, which was operating at a normal rate
in 2018, after the Company has established meaningful collaborative agreements with strategic partners, such as BioFirst.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"></FONT></P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B><I>Loss
on investment in equity securities.&nbsp;</I></B>The loss on investment in equity securities was $2,549,451 for the year ended
December 31, 2018 as compared to $0 for the year ended December 31, 2017. The increase of expenses by $2,549,451 was attributable
to the other-than temporary impairment on equity investment for Rgene due to the operating performance and adverse changes in
market conditions of Rgene. However, all projects that have been initiated and scheduled will be continuously managed and supported
by the Company and Rgene.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B><I>Net
Loss.</I></B>&nbsp;As a result of the above factors, the net loss was $4,101,303 and $4,242,860 for the years ended December 31,
2018 and 2017. The decrease of net loss in the year ended December 31, 2018 as compared to the same period ended December 31,
2017 was in an amount of $141,557 or by (3.34)%.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>Liquidity
and Capital Resources</B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 27.5pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><U>Working
Capital Summary</U></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid">As
    of December&nbsp;31, 2018<BR> ($)</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid">As
    of December&nbsp;31, 2017<BR> ($)</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="width: 76%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">Current Assets</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="width: 9%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">96,273</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="width: 9%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">2,643,332</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">Current Liabilities</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">5,568,224</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">4,400,247</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">Working Capital (Deficit)</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">(5,471,951</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">)</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">(1,756,915</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">)</TD></TR>
</TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><U>Cash
Flows</U></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="6" STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center">Years Ended</TD><TD STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="6" STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid">December
    31,</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid">2018</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid">2017</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="width: 76%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">Cash Flows Used in Operating Activities</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">$</TD><TD STYLE="width: 9%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">(630,195</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">)</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">$</TD><TD STYLE="width: 9%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">(1,485,313</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">)</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">Cash Flows Provided by Financing
    Activities</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">593,000</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">1,560,000</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; padding-bottom: 4pt">Net (Decrease) Increase in
    Cash During Period</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 4pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">$</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">(37,195</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 4pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">)</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 4pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">$</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">74,687</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 4pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
</TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>Cash
Flow from Operating Activities</B>&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">During
the years ended December 31, 2018 and 2017, the net cash used in operating activities were $630,195 and $1,485,313, respectively,
reflecting a decrease of $855,118 or (57.57)%. Such decrease was primarily caused by the recognition of loss on investment in
equity securities and the change in accrued expenses and due to related parties during the year ended December 31, 2018.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>Cash
Flow from Investing Activities</B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 27.5pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">There
was no net cash used or generated from investing activities during the years ended December 31, 2018 and 2017.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>Cash
Flow from Financing Activities</B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">During
the year ended December 31, 2018 and 2017, net cash generated from financing activities was 593,000 and $1,560,000, respectively.
The decrease of $967,000 or (61.99)% in net cash generated from financing activities was because the Company borrowed less money
from related parties and also made repayments for outstanding loans in the fiscal year of 2018.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><B>Critical
Accounting Policy and Estimates</B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 27.5pt"><FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">We
believe that the following accounting policies are the most critical to aid you in fully understanding and evaluating this &ldquo;Management&rsquo;s
Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operation.&rdquo;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 27.5pt"><FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></P>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"></FONT></P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>Going
Concern Consideration</B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">We
have incurred losses since its inception resulting in an accumulated deficit of $19,877,901 and $15,776,598 as of December 31,
2018 and 2017, respectively, and net loss of $4,101,303 during the fiscal year ended December 31, 2018. These conditions raise
substantial doubt about our ability to continue as a going concern for the next twelve months.&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">We
expect to finance operations primarily through capital contributions from the principal shareholders and other sources. Our continuing
operation depends on the success of our financing, including both debt and equity.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>Off-Balance
Sheet Arrangements</B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 27.5pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">As
of December 31, 2018, we did not have any off-balance sheet arrangements that have or are reasonably likely to have a current
or future effect on our financial condition, changes in financial condition, revenues or expenses, results of operations, liquidity,
capital expenditures, or capital resources that is material to investors.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>Results
of Operations &mdash; Three Months Ended March 31, 2019 Compared to March 31, 2018.</B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
following table presents, for the three months indicated, our consolidated statements of operations information.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid">March
    31,<BR> 2019</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid">March
    31,<BR> 2018</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center">(Unaudited)</TD><TD STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center">(Unaudited)</TD><TD STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="width: 76%; font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Revenues</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">$</TD><TD STYLE="width: 9%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">212,242</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">$</TD><TD STYLE="width: 9%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">-</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">Cost of revenues</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">1,499</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">-</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">Gross profit</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">210,743</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">-</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">Operating expenses</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; padding-left: 9pt">Selling, general and administrative
    expenses</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">510,803</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">420,462</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; padding-left: 9pt">Research and development expenses</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">421,956</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">248,111</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; padding-left: 9pt">Stock
    based compensation</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">8,550</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">5,626</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; padding-left: 0.25in">Total
    operating expenses</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">941,309</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">674,199</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">Loss from operations</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">(730,566</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">)</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">(674,199</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">)</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">Other income (expense)</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; padding-left: 9pt">Interest income</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">189</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">1,150</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; padding-left: 9pt">Interest expense</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">(129,886</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">)</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">(106,854</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">)</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; padding-left: 9pt">Rental income, net</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">(3,891</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">)</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">3,066</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; padding-left: 9pt">Gain (loss) on foreign exchange&nbsp;changes</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">(3</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">)</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">7,515</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; padding-left: 9pt">Gain (loss) on investment in
    equity securities</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">(66,205</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">)</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">(38,567</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">)</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; padding-left: 9pt">Other
    income (expense)</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">(500</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">)</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">(15</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">)</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; padding-left: 0.25in">Total
    other income (expenses)</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">(200,296</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">)</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">(133,705</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">)</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">Loss before provision for income tax (benefit)</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">(930,862</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">)</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">(807,904</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">)</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">Provision for income tax
    (benefit)</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">(57,545</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">)</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">(94,282</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">)</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">Net loss</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">$</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">(873,317</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">)</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">$</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">(713,622</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">)</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">Net loss attributable to noncontrolling interests</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">(81,646</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">)</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">(112,235</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">)</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">Net loss attributable to ABVC and subsidiaries</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">(791,671</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">)</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">(601,387</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">)</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">Foreign currency translation
    adjustment</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">(86,786</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">)</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">64,994</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; padding-bottom: 4pt">Comprehensive Income (Loss)</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 4pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">$</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">(878,457</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 4pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">)</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 4pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">$</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">(536,393</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 4pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">)</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">Net loss per share attributable to common stockholders</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; padding-bottom: 4pt; padding-left: 9pt">Basic and
    diluted</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 4pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">$</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">(0.05</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 4pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">)</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 4pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">$</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">(0.05</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 4pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">)</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Weighted average number of common shares outstanding</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; padding-bottom: 4pt; padding-left: 9pt">Basic and
    diluted</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 4pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">14,965,665</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 4pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 4pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">11,599,911</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 4pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
</TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: center">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: center"></P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B><I>Revenues.&nbsp;</I></B>We
generated $212,242 and $0 in revenues; $1,499 and $0 in cost of revenues for the three months ended March 31, 2019 and 2018, respectively.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B><I>Operating
Expenses.</I></B>&nbsp;Our operating expenses were $941,309 for the three months ended March 31, 2019 as compared to $674,199
for the three months ended March 31, 2018. The increase in operating expenses was primarily caused by R&amp;D expenses that were
scheduled for existing drug candidates research.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B><I>Interest
Expense. </I></B>The interest expense was $129,886 for the three months ended March 31, 2019 as compared to $106,854 for the three
months ended March&nbsp;31, 2018. The increase in interest expense is primarily due to interest incurred on the new business loan
from Cathay Bank.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B><I>Net
Loss.</I></B>&nbsp;The net loss was $873,317 for the three months ended March 31, 2019 compared to $713,622 for the three months
ended March 31, 2018. The increase in net loss was primarily caused by professional services fees and R&amp;D expenses.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B><I>&nbsp;</I></B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>Liquidity
and Capital Resources</B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><U>Working
Capital</U></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid">As
    of&nbsp;<BR> March 31,<BR> 2019<BR> ($)</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid">As
    of<BR> December 31,<BR> 2018<BR> ($)</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center">(Unaudited)</TD><TD STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">(Unaudited)</TD><TD STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="width: 76%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">Current Assets</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">$</TD><TD STYLE="width: 9%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">1,527,182</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">$</TD><TD STYLE="width: 9%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">566,476</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">Current Liabilities</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">12,435,155</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">10,987,786</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">Working Capital (deficit)</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">$</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">(10,907,793</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">)</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">$</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">(10,421,310</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">)</TD></TR>
</TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>&nbsp;</B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><U>Cash
Flows</U></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="6" STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center">Three Months Ended</TD><TD STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="6" STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid">March
    31,</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid">2019</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid">2018</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="6" STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center">(Unaudited)</TD><TD STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="width: 76%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">Cash Flows Used in Operating Activities</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">$</TD><TD STYLE="width: 9%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">(599,528</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">)</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">$</TD><TD STYLE="width: 9%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">(525,510</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">)</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">Cash Flows Used in Investing Activities</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">(17,801</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">)</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">-</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">Cash Flows Provided by Financing Activities</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">1,373,791</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">349,737</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">Effect of exchange rate changes
    on cash and cash equivalents</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">(1,809</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">)</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">(40</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">)</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; padding-bottom: 4pt">Net (Decrease) Increase in
    Cash During Period</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 4pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">$</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">754,653</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 4pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 4pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">$</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">(175,813</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 4pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">)</TD></TR>
</TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>&nbsp;</B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>Cash
Flow from Operating Activities</B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 27.5pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">During
the three months ended March 31, 2019 and 2018, the net cash used in operating activities were $599,528 and $525,510, respectively.
The increase in the amount of $74,018 is primarily due to net loss of operations.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>&nbsp;</B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>Cash
Flow from Investing Activities</B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 27.5pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">During
the three months ended March 31, 2019 and 2018, the Company spent $17,801 and $0 in investing activities, respectively. The decrease
in the amount of $17,801 was due to company stock buyback from a previous employee.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>Cash
Flow from Financing Activities</B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">During
the three months ended March 31, 2019 and 2018, the net cash provided by financing activities was $1,373,791 and $349,737, respectively,
reflecting an increase of $1,024,054. The increase in the net cash provided by financing activities was primarily attributed to
the loan in the total amount of $1,000,000 from Cathay Bank.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>Off-Balance
Sheet Arrangements</B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-indent: 27.5pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">As
of March 31, 2019, we did not have any off-balance sheet arrangements that have or are reasonably likely to have a current or
future effect on our financial condition, changes in financial condition, revenues or expenses, results of operations, liquidity,
capital expenditures, or capital resources that is material to investors.</FONT></P>


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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: center">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B><A NAME="a_014"></A>BIOLITE&rsquo;S
MANAGEMENT&rsquo;S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION</B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>AND
RESULTS OF OPERATIONS</B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>&nbsp;</B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B><I>The
following discussion and analysis should be read in conjunction with the restated Consolidated Financial Statements and related
notes included elsewhere in this prospectus. The following discussion includes certain forward-looking statements. For a discussion
of important factors which could cause actual results to differ materially from the results referred to in the forward-looking
statements, see &ldquo;Risk Factors&rdquo; and &ldquo;Cautionary Note Regarding Forward-Looking Statements&rdquo;. </I></B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>&nbsp;</B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>Overview</B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">BioLite
is a clinical stage pharmaceutical company focused on translational research of botanical and natural API-based products in the
fields of central nervous system, oncology/ hematology and autoimmune diseases. Because we believe natural substances have many
healing powers, BioLite focuses its research resources to the development of botanical products, which include plant materials,
algae, macroscopic fungi and combinations thereof. We mostly use traditional cultivation, fermentation and purification techniques,
excluding genetic modifications, to process the active natural constituents of our drug candidates. The operational activities
primarily focus on researching and developing novel botanical and natural drugs utilizing scientific methodology and approaches
in compliance with the procedures and protocols prescribed by the FDA. The names of all of our medicinal products are in an alphanumeric
form, starting with &ldquo;BLI&rdquo; which stands for &ldquo;BioLite&rdquo; and followed by Arabic numbers. For example, BLI-1005
is the name of one of our products that is intended to treat certain types of depression. BioLite seeks to add value to new drug
development by taking pre-clinical stage new drug candidates to Phase II and proving the concept of the new drug candidates. As
a result of the consummation of the Mergers, BioLite became a wholly-owned subsidiary of the Company on February 8, 2019.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">BioLite&rsquo;s
research and development team is devoted primarily to preclinical studies, Phase I and II clinical trials of new drug candidates
in its fields with goals of translating pharmacology-related research results and theories to medicinal drug candidates that are
ready for clinical trials on a large scale, such as Phase III trials, and future commercialization. BioLite acquires licenses
from universities, government and other research institutes to further preclinical research in order to select new drug candidates
for clinical trials, including Phase I and Phase II. BioLite currently focuses on the areas of CNS, oncology/ hematology and autoimmune,
where it is seeking to build a portfolio of novel therapeutics that serve large unmet medical needs. As part of the business strategy,
BioLite plans to cooperate with well-established pharmaceutical companies in the U.S. and other countries with major medicinal
markets to further develop and commercialize the products in its portfolio for which we receive positive clinical trial results
from Phase II trials.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><I>CNS</I></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">BioLite
acquired exclusive global rights to develop and license two investigational new drugs to treat central nervous system diseases,
both of which are based on novel formulas of extracts from Chinese, Korean and Japanese herbs that have shown promise in treating
insomnia, anxiety and other mental disorders. BioLite has successfully completed the stage 1, Phase II study of BLI-1005, a novel
capsule product to treat MDD. BioLite is in the process of recruiting sixty patients to carry out the stage 2, Phase II trial
of BLI-1005. BLI-1005 is intended to treat MDD and we believe that it offers multiple advantages over currently available antidepressants.
In addition, BioLite received from the FDA an approval on the IND application of BLI-1008 for the treatment of ADHD in January
2016 and is scheduled to commence the Phase II trial in the foruth quarter of 2018, subject to the availability of sufficient
funds. BLI-1005 and BLI-1008 are two indications deriving from the same API, PDC-1421, as a result of which, BLI-1008 shares the
BLI-1005 Phase I clinical trial results. The Phase I clinical trial results of both drug candidates showed no serious adverse
events and none of the trial subjects, namely healthy volunteers displayed any signs of suicidal intention or behavior. Suicidal
intention and behaviors measure suicidal risks which are related to possibility of serious adverse effects. BioLite has a hypothesis
that BLI-1005 and BLI-1008 may be less susceptible to drug abuse and dependence because we think both drug candidates will be
classified as non-stimulants which are known for low abuse tendency or dependence.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"></FONT></P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><I>Oncology/
Hematology</I></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><I>&nbsp;</I></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">BioLite
currently has exclusive global rights to develop four innovative botanical drugs, BLI- 1301 to treat Myelodysplastic syndromes
(&ldquo;MDS&rdquo;), BLI-1401-1 designed to treat solid tumors, BLI-1401-2 for the treatment of TNBC and BLI-1501 intended to
treat chronic lymphocytic leukemia (&ldquo;CLL&rdquo;), all of which constitute our oncology/hematology portfolio. Each of the
four investigational new drugs is designed to be used as part of a combination therapy for its targeted cancer because our research
results indicate each of the four drugs&rsquo; ability to improve cancer patients&rsquo; immunity and counter the various types
of side effects, respectively, caused by the traditional therapies, such as chemotherapies.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">MDS
are a group of cancers in which immature blood cells in the bone marrow do not mature and therefore do not become healthy blood
cells. We have received from the FDA an IND approval to conduct Phase II trial of BLI- 1301 to treat MDS and plan to start such
trial in the fourth quarter of 2018 subject to the sufficiency of working capital. A MDS is a relatively rare type of leukemia.
If BioLite can prove to the FDA that our BLI-1301 has sufficient potential to treat MDS, BioLite may receive an orphan drug designation
for it. Currently BioLite is processing the application for such orphan drug designation for BLI- 1301, which was initiated in
2014.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">BioLite
received the FDA IND approval for BLI-1401-2 for the treatment of TNBC in March 2016. We are currently co-developing BLI-1501
candidate with Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center (&ldquo;MSKCC&rdquo;) to conduct preclinical studies. Through collaboration
with BHK, BioLite and we are preparing the FDA IND applications for the Phase II clinical trials of BLI-1401-1 and conducting
the early stage preclinical studies of BLI-1501.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><I>Autoimmune</I></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">BioLite
has a focused pipeline of investigational drugs that are designed for the treatment of autoimmune diseases, including BLI-1006
to treat inflammatory bowel disease (&ldquo;IBD&rdquo;) and BLI-1007 for rheumatoid arthritis (&ldquo;RA&rdquo;). BioLite has
received the exclusive global rights on these two autoimmune products from the Industrial Technology Research Institute in Taiwan
which holds patents on both drug candidates in certain Asian, North American and European countries. BioLite is preparing the
IND Phase I application for BLI-1006. BioLite is currently conducting preclinical studies of BLI-1007.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">In
the future, BioLite will look to acquire and conduct clinical research on additional investigational botanical new drugs to further
the FDA clearance process. BioLite&rsquo;s management team&rsquo;s prior experience has involved screening pre-clinical products,
compliance with FDA procedures and identifying co-developers to continue the FDA process and commercialize new drugs.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>Key
Factors Affecting BioLite&rsquo;s Results of Operations</B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">BioLite&rsquo;s
core operation activities include research and development of botanic new drug candidates with focuses on preclinical development,
Phase I and Phase II clinical trials and license-in and license-out collaboration with research institutions and respected biotech
companies, respectively. Any research results or regulatory results have substantial impacts on our operation results and financial
performance. In addition, the relationships with BioLite&rsquo;s licensors, CROs or third party researchers and collaborators
are critical to the success of our business operations.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>Critical
Accounting Policies and Significant Judgments and Estimates</B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B><I>Segment
Reporting </I></B>&mdash; BioLitefollows the provisions of ASC Topic 280, &ldquo;Segment Reporting&rdquo;, which establishes standards
for reporting information about operating segments, which uses a &ldquo;management&rdquo; approach for determining segments. The
management approach designates the internal organization that is used by management for making operating decisions and assessing
performance as the source of BioLite&rsquo;s reportable segments. ASC Topic 280, &ldquo;Segment Reporting,&rdquo; also requires
disclosures about products or services, geographic areas, and major customers. BioLite&rsquo;s management reporting structure
provided for only one segment in 2018 and 2017. Accordingly, no separate segment information is presented.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>Use
of Estimates</B> &mdash; The preparation of financial statements in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in
the United States of America (&ldquo;U.S. GAAP&rdquo;) requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported
amounts of assets and liabilities, the disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the balance sheet date and the reported
amounts of revenue and expenses during the reporting period. Actual results could differ from those estimates.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"></FONT></P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B><I>Concentration
of Credit Risk </I></B>&mdash; BioLite&rsquo;s financial instruments that are exposed to concentrations of credit risk consist
primarily of cash and cash equivalents and restricted cash. BioLite places its cash and temporary cash investments in high quality
credit institutions in Taiwan, but these investments may be in excess of Taiwan Central Deposit Insurance Corporation&rsquo;s
insurance limits. BioLite does not enter into financial instruments for hedging, trading, or speculative purposes. Concentration
of credit risk with respect to accounts receivables is limited due to the wide variety of customers and markets in which BioLite
transacts business, as well as their dispersion across many geographical areas. BioLite performs ongoing credit evaluations of
its customers and generally does not require collateral, but does require advance deposits on certain transactions.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B><I>Cash
and Cash Equivalents &mdash; </I></B>BioLite considers all highly liquid investments with maturities of three months or less at
the date of purchase to be cash equivalents.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B><I>Restricted
Cash Equivalents &mdash; </I></B>Restricted cash equivalents primarily consist of cash held in a reserve bank account associated
with short-term bank loans.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B><I>Accounts
Receivable, Receivable from Collaboration Partners, and Other Receivable &mdash; </I></B>Accounts receivable, receivable from
collaboration partners, and other receivables are stated at carrying value less estimates made for doubtful receivables. An allowance
for impairment of trade receivable, receivable from collaboration partners, and other receivables is established if the collection
of a receivable becomes doubtful. Such receivable becomes doubtful when there is objective evidence that BioLite will not be able
to collect all amounts due according to the original terms of the receivables. Significant financial difficulties of the debtor,
probability that the debtor will enter into bankruptcy or financial reorganization, and default or delinquency in payments are
considered indicators that the receivable is impaired. The amount of the allowance is the difference between the asset&rsquo;s
carrying amount and the present value of estimated future cash flows, discounted at the original effective interest rate.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B><I>Inventory
&mdash; </I></B>Inventory consists of raw materials, work-in-process, finished goods, and merchandise. Inventories are stated
at the lower of cost or market and valued on a moving weighted average cost basis. Market is determined based on net realizable
value. BioLite periodically reviews the age and turnover of its inventory to determine whether any inventory has become obsolete
or has declined in value, and incurs a charge to operations for known and anticipated inventory obsolescence. As of December 31,
2018 and 2017, the allowance for slow-moving inventory was $180,387 and $0, respectively.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B><I>&nbsp;</I></B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B><I>Property
and Equipment &mdash; </I></B>Property and equipment is carried at cost net of accumulated depreciation. Repairs and maintenance
are expensed as incurred. Expenditures that improve the functionality of the related asset or extend the useful life are capitalized.
When property and equipment is retired or otherwise disposed of, the related gain or loss is included in operating income. Leasehold
improvements are depreciated on the straight-line method over the shorter of the remaining lease term or estimated useful life
of the asset. Depreciation is calculated on the straight-line method, including property and equipment under capital leases, generally
based on the following useful lives:</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid">Estimated&nbsp;Life <BR> in Years</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="width: 88%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify">Buildings and leasehold improvements</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 11%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center">5 ~ 50</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify">Machinery and equipment</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center">5 ~ 6</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify">Office equipment</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center">3 ~ 6</TD></TR>
</TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B><I>&nbsp;</I></B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B><I>Impairment
of Long-Lived Assets </I></B>&mdash;BioLite has adopted Accounting Standards Codification subtopic 360-10, Property, Plant and
Equipment (&ldquo;ASC 360-10&rdquo;). ASC 360-10 requires that long-lived assets and certain identifiable intangibles held and
used by BioLite be reviewed for impairment whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying amount of an
asset may not be recoverable. BioLite evaluates its long lived assets for impairment annually or more often if events and circumstances
warrant. Events relating to recoverability may include significant unfavorable changes in business conditions, recurring losses,
or a forecasted inability to achieve break-even operating results over an extended period. Should impairment in value be indicated,
the carrying value of intangible assets will be adjusted, based on estimates of future discounted cash flows resulting from the
use and ultimate disposition of the asset. ASC 360-10 also requires assets to be disposed of be reported at the lower of the carrying
amount or the fair value less costs to sell. Management has determined that no impairments of long-lived assets currently exist.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"></FONT></P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B><I>Fair
Value Measurements </I></B>&mdash; FASB ASC 820, &ldquo;Fair Value Measurements&rdquo; defines fair value for certain financial
and nonfinancial assets and liabilities that are recorded at fair value, establishes a framework for measuring fair value and
expands disclosures about fair value measurements. It requires that an entity measure its financial instruments to base fair value
on exit price, maximize the use of observable units and minimize the use of unobservable inputs to determine the exit price. It
establishes a hierarchy which prioritizes the inputs to valuation techniques used to measure fair value. This hierarchy increases
the consistency and comparability of fair value measurements and related disclosures by maximizing the use of observable inputs
and minimizing the use of unobservable inputs by requiring that observable inputs be used when available. Observable inputs are
inputs that reflect the assumptions market participants would use in pricing the assets or liabilities based on market data obtained
from sources independent of BioLite. Unobservable inputs are inputs that reflect BioLite&rsquo;s own assumptions about the assumptions
market participants would use in pricing the asset or liability developed based on the best information available in the circumstances.
The hierarchy prioritizes the inputs into three broad levels based on the reliability of the inputs as follows:</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<TABLE CELLSPACING="0" CELLPADDING="0" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse">
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="width: 24px; text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 24px; text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#9679;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Level
    1 &ndash; Inputs are quoted prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities that BioLite has the ability to access
    at the measurement date. Valuation of these instruments does not require a high degree of judgment as the valuations are based
    on quoted prices in active markets that are readily and regularly available.</FONT></TD></TR>
</TABLE>
<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<TABLE CELLSPACING="0" CELLPADDING="0" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse">
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="width: 24px; text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 24px; text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#9679;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Level
    2 &ndash; Inputs other than quoted prices in active markets that are either directly or indirectly observable as of the measurement
    date, such as quoted prices for similar assets or liabilities; quoted prices in markets that are not active; or other inputs
    that are observable or can be corroborated by observable market data for substantially the full term of the assets or liabilities.</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#9679;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Level
    3 &ndash; Valuations based on inputs that are unobservable and not corroborated by market data. The fair value for such assets
    and liabilities is generally determined using pricing models, discounted cash flow methodologies, or similar techniques that
    incorporate the assumptions a market participant would use in pricing the asset or liability.</FONT></TD></TR>
</TABLE>
<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
carrying values of certain assets and liabilities of BioLite, such as cash and cash equivalents, restricted cash, accounts receivable,
other receivable, due from related parties, inventory, prepaid expenses and other current assets, accounts payable, accrued liabilities,
and due to related parties approximate fair value due to their relatively short maturities. The carrying value of BioLite&rsquo;s
short-term bank loan and notes payable approximates their fair value as the terms of the borrowing are consistent with current
market rates and the duration to maturity is short. The carrying value of BioLite&rsquo;s long-term bank loan approximates fair
value because the interest rates approximate market rates that BioLite could obtain for debt with similar terms and maturities.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B><I>Long-term
Equity Investment </I></B>&mdash; BioLite acquires these equity investments to promote business and strategic objectives. BioLite
accounts for non-marketable equity and other equity investments for which BioLite does not have control over the investees as:</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<TABLE CELLSPACING="0" CELLPADDING="0" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%">
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="width: 24px; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 24px; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#9679;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Equity
    method investments when BioLite has the ability to exercise significant influence, but not control, over the investee. Its
    proportionate share of the income or loss is recognized monthly and is recorded in gains (losses) on equity investments.</FONT></TD></TR>
</TABLE>
<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<TABLE CELLSPACING="0" CELLPADDING="0" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%">
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="width: 24px; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 24px; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#9679;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Non-marketable
    cost method investments when the equity method does not apply.</FONT></TD></TR>
</TABLE>
<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Significant
judgment is required to identify whether an impairment exists in the valuation of BioLite&rsquo;s non-marketable equity investments,
and therefore BioLite considers this a critical accounting estimate. Its yearly analysis considers both qualitative and quantitative
factors that may have a significant impact on the investee&rsquo;s fair value. Qualitative analysis of its investments involves
understanding the financial performance and near-term prospects of the investee, changes in general market conditions in the investee&rsquo;s
industry or geographic area, and the management and governance structure of the investee. Quantitative assessments of the fair
value of its investments are developed using the market and income approaches. The market approach includes the use of comparable
financial metrics of private and public companies and recent financing rounds. The income approach includes the use of a discounted
cash flow model, which requires significant estimates regarding the investees&rsquo; revenue, costs, and discount rates. BioLite&rsquo;s
assessment of these factors in determining whether an impairment exists could change in the future due to new developments or
changes in applied assumptions.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"></FONT></P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B><I>Other-Than-Temporary
Impairment</I></B> &mdash; BioLite&rsquo;s long-term equity investments are subject to a periodic impairment review. Impairments
affect earnings as follows:</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<TABLE CELLSPACING="0" CELLPADDING="0" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%">
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="width: 24px; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 24px; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#9679;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Marketable
    equity securities include the consideration of general market conditions, the duration and extent to which the fair value
    is below cost, and our ability and intent to hold the investment for a sufficient period of time to allow for recovery of
    value in the foreseeable future. We also consider specific adverse conditions related to the financial health of, and the
    business outlook for, the investee, which may include industry and sector performance, changes in technology, operational
    and financing cash flow factors, and changes in the investee&rsquo;s credit rating. We record other-than-temporary impairments
    on marketable equity securities and marketable equity method investments in gains (losses) on equity investments.</FONT></TD></TR>
</TABLE>
<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<TABLE CELLSPACING="0" CELLPADDING="0" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%">
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="width: 24px; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 24px; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#9679;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Non-marketable
    equity investments based on our assessment of the severity and duration of the impairment, and qualitative and quantitative
    analysis of the operating performance of the investee; adverse changes in market conditions and the regulatory or economic
    environment; changes in operating structure or management of the investee; additional funding requirements; and the investee&rsquo;s
    ability to remain in business. A series of operating losses of an investee or other factors may indicate that a decrease in
    value of the investment has occurred that is other than temporary and that shall be recognized even though the decrease in
    value is in excess of what would otherwise be recognized by application of the equity method. A loss in value of an investment
    that is other than a temporary decline shall be recognized. Evidence of a loss in value might include, but would not necessarily
    be limited to, absence of an ability to recover the carrying amount of the investment or inability of the investee to sustain
    an earnings capacity that would justify the carrying amount of the investment. BioLite records other-than-temporary impairments
    for non-marketable cost method investments and equity method investments in gains (losses) on equity investments. Other-than-temporary
    impairments of non-marketable equity investments were $33,532 and $4,277,708 for the years ended December 31, 2018 and 2017,
    respectively.</FONT></TD></TR>
</TABLE>
<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B><I>Post-retirement
and post-employment benefits &mdash; </I></B>BioLite adopted the government mandated defined contribution plan pursuant to the
Labor Pension Act (the &ldquo;Act&rdquo;) in Taiwan. Such labor regulations require that the rate of contribution made by an employer
to the Labor Pension Fund per month shall not be less than 6% of the worker&rsquo;s monthly salaries. Pursuant to the Act, BioLite
makes monthly contribution equal to 6% of employees&rsquo; salaries to the employees&rsquo; pension fund. BioLite has no legal
obligation for the benefits beyond the contributions made. The total amounts for such employee benefits, which were expensed as
incurred, were $19,486 and $26,263 for the years ended December 31, 2018 and 2017, respectively. Other than the above, BioLite
does not provide any other post-retirement or post-employment benefits.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B><I>&nbsp;</I></B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B><I>Revenue
Recognition &mdash;</I></B> During the fiscal year 2018, BioLite adopted Accounting Standards Codification (&ldquo;ASC&rdquo;),
Topic 606 (ASC 606), Revenue from Contracts with Customers, using the modified retrospective method to all contracts that were
not completed as of January 1, 2018, and applying the new revenue standard as an adjustment to the opening balance of accumulated
deficit at the beginning of 2018 for the cumulative effect. The results for BioLite&rsquo;s reporting periods beginning on and
after January 1, 2018 are presented under ASC 606, while prior period amounts are not adjusted and continue to be reported under
the accounting standards in effect for the prior period. Based on BioLite&rsquo;s review of existing collaborative agreements
as of January 1, 2018, BioLite concluded that the adoption of the new guidance did not have a significant change on BioLite&rsquo;s
revenue during all periods presented.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"></FONT></P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Pursuant
to ASC 606, BioLite recognizes revenue when its customer obtains control of promised goods or services, in an amount that reflects
the consideration that BioLite expects to receive in exchange for those goods or services. To determine revenue recognition for
arrangements that BioLite determines is within the scope of ASC 606, BioLite performs the following five steps: (i) identify the
contract(s) with a customer; (ii) identify the performance obligations in the contract; (iii) determine the transaction price;
(iv) allocate the transaction price to the performance obligations in the contract; and (v) recognize revenue when (or as) BioLite
satisfies a performance obligation. BioLite only applies the five-step model to contracts when it is probable that BioLite will
collect the consideration BioLite is entitled to in exchange for the goods or services BioLite transfers to the customers. At
inception of the contract, once the contract is determined to be within the scope of ASC 606, BioLite assesses the goods or services
promised within each contract, determines those that are performance obligations, and assesses whether each promised good or service
is distinct. BioLite then recognizes as revenue the amount of the transaction price that is allocated to the respective performance
obligation when (or as) the performance obligation is satisfied.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
following are examples of when BioLite recognizes revenue based on the types of payments BioLite receives.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 0 0.25in; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>Merchandise
Sales&nbsp;<I>&mdash;&nbsp;</I></B>BioLite recognizes net revenues from dietary supplements product sales when customers obtain
control of BioLite&rsquo;s products, which typically occurs upon delivery to customer. Product revenues are recorded at the net
sales price, or &ldquo;transaction price,&rdquo; which includes applicable reserves for variable consideration, including discounts,
allowances, and returns.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 0 0.25in; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 0 0.25in; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><I>Trade
discount and allowances</I>: BioLite generally provides invoice discounts on product sales to its customers for prompt payment.
BioLite estimates that, based on its experience, its customers will earn these discounts and fees, and deducts the full amount
of these discounts and fees from its gross product revenues and accounts receivable at the time such revenues are recognized.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 0 0.25in; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 0 0.25in; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><I>Product
returns</I>: BioLite estimates the amount of each product that will be returned and deducts these estimated amounts from its gross
revenues at the time the revenues are recognized. BioLite&rsquo;s customers have the right to return unopened packages, subject
to contractual limitations.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 0 0.25in; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 0 0.25in; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">To
date, product allowance and returns have been minimal and, based on its experience, BioLite believes that returns of its products
will continue to be minimal.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 0 0.25in; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 0 0.25in; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>Collaborative
Revenues &mdash;&nbsp;</B>BioLite recognizes collaborative revenues generated through collaborative research, development and/or
commercialization agreements. The terms of these agreements typically include payment to BioLite related to one or more of the
following: nonrefundable upfront license fees, development and commercial milestones, partial or complete reimbursement of research
and development costs, and royalties on net sales of licensed products. Each type of payments results in collaborative revenues
except for revenues from royalties on net sales of licensed products, which are classified as royalty revenues. To date, we have
not received any royalty revenues. Revenue is recognized upon satisfaction of a performance obligation by transferring control
of a good or service to the collaboration partners.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 0 0.25in; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 0 0.25in; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">As
part of the accounting for these arrangements, BioLite applies judgment to determine whether the performance obligations are distinct,
and develop assumptions in determining the stand-alone selling price for each distinct performance obligation identified in the
collaboration agreements. To determine the stand-alone selling price, BioLite relies on assumptions which may include forecasted
revenues, development timelines, reimbursement rates for R&amp;D personnel costs, discount rates and probabilities of technical
and regulatory success.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 0 0.25in; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 0 0.25in; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">BioLite
had multiple deliverables under the collaborative agreements, including deliverables relating to grants of technology licenses,
regulatory and clinical development, and marketing activities. Estimation of the performance periods of BioLite&rsquo;s deliverables
requires the use of management&rsquo;s judgment. Significant factors considered in management&rsquo;s evaluation of the estimated
performance periods include, but are not limited to, BioLite&rsquo;s experience in conducting clinical development, regulatory
and manufacturing activities. BioLite reviews the estimated duration of its performance periods under its collaborative agreements
on an annually basis, and makes any appropriate adjustments on a prospective basis. Future changes in estimates of the performance
period under its collaborative agreements could impact the timing of future revenue recognition.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"></FONT></P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<TABLE CELLSPACING="0" CELLPADDING="0" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%">
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="width: 0.25in; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 0.25in; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(i)</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Nonrefundable
    upfront payments</FONT></TD></TR>
</TABLE>
<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 0 0.5in; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 0 0.5in; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">If
a license to BioLite&rsquo;s intellectual property is determined to be distinct from the other performance obligations identified
in an arrangement, BioLite recognizes revenue from the related nonrefundable upfront payments based on the relative standalone
selling price prescribed to the license compared to the total selling price of the arrangement. The revenue is recognized when
the license is transferred to the collaboration partners and the collaboration partners who are able to use and benefit from the
license. To date, the receipt of nonrefundable upfront fees was solely for the compensation of past research efforts and contributions
made by BioLite before the collaborative agreements entered into and it does not relate to any future obligations and commitments
made between BioLite and the collaboration partners in the collaborative agreements.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<TABLE CELLSPACING="0" CELLPADDING="0" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%">
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="width: 0.25in; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 0.25in; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(ii)</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Milestone
    payments</FONT></TD></TR>
</TABLE>
<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 0 0.5in; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">BioLite
is eligible to receive milestone payments under the collaborative agreement with collaboration partners based on achievement of
specified development, regulatory and commercial events. Management evaluated the nature of the events triggering these contingent
payments, and concluded that these events fall into two categories: (a) events which involve the performance of BioLite&rsquo;s
obligations under the collaborative agreement with collaboration partners, and (b) events which do not involve the performance
of BioLite&rsquo;s obligations under the collaborative agreement with collaboration partners.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 0 0.5in; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 0 0.5in; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
former category of milestone payments consists of those triggered by development and regulatory activities in the territories
specified in the collaborative agreements. Management concluded that each of these payments constitute substantive milestone payments.
This conclusion was based primarily on the facts that (i) each triggering event represents a specific outcome that can be achieved
only through successful performance by BioLite of one or more of its deliverables, (ii) achievement of each triggering event was
subject to inherent risk and uncertainty and would result in additional payments becoming due to BioLite, (iii) each of the milestone
payments is nonrefundable, (iv) substantial effort is required to complete each milestone, (v) the amount of each milestone payment
is reasonable in relation to the value created in achieving the milestone, (vi) a substantial amount of time is expected to pass
between the upfront payment and the potential milestone payments, and (vii) the milestone payments relate solely to past performance.
Based on the foregoing, BioLite recognizes any revenue from these milestone payments in the period in which the underlying triggering
event occurs.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<TABLE CELLSPACING="0" CELLPADDING="0" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%">
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="width: 0.25in; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 0.25in; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(iii)</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Multiple
    Element Arrangements</FONT></TD></TR>
</TABLE>
<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 0 0.5in; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">BioLite
evaluates multiple element arrangements to determine (1)&nbsp;the deliverables included in the arrangement and (2)&nbsp;whether
the individual deliverables represent separate units of accounting or whether they must be accounted for as a combined unit of
accounting. This evaluation involves subjective determinations and requires management to make judgments about the individual
deliverables and whether such deliverables are separate from other aspects of the contractual relationship. Deliverables are considered
separate units of accounting provided that: (i)&nbsp;the delivered item(s) has value to the customer on a standalone basis and
(ii)&nbsp;if the arrangement includes a general right of return relative to the delivered item(s), delivery or performance of
the undelivered item(s) is considered probable and substantially within its control. In assessing whether an item under a collaboration
has standalone value, BioLite considers factors such as the research, manufacturing, and commercialization capabilities of the
collaboration partner and the availability of the associated expertise in the general marketplace. BioLite also considers whether
its collaboration partners can use the other deliverable(s) for their intended purpose without the receipt of the remaining element(s),
whether the value of the deliverable is dependent on the undelivered item(s), and whether there are other vendors that can provide
the undelivered element(s).</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 0 0.5in; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 0 0.5in; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">BioLite
recognizes arrangement consideration allocated to each unit of accounting when all of the revenue recognition criteria in ASC
606 are satisfied for that particular unit of accounting. In the event that a deliverable does not represent a separate unit of
accounting, BioLite recognizes revenue from the combined unit of accounting over BioLite&rsquo;s contractual or estimated performance
period for the undelivered elements, which is typically the term of BioLite&rsquo;s research and development obligations. If there
is no discernible pattern of performance or objectively measurable performance measures do not exist, then BioLite recognizes
revenue under the arrangement on a straight-line basis over the period BioLite is expected to complete its performance obligations.
Conversely, if the pattern of performance in which the service is provided to the customer can be determined and objectively measurable
performance measures exist, then BioLite recognizes revenue under the arrangement using the proportional performance method. Revenue
recognized is limited to the lesser of the cumulative amount of payments received or the cumulative amount of revenue earned,
as determined using the straight-line method or proportional performance method, as applicable, as of the period ending date.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 0 0.5in; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 0 0.5in; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"></FONT></P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 0 0.5in; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 0 0.5in; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">At
the inception of an arrangement that includes milestone payments, BioLite evaluates whether each milestone is substantive and
at risk to both parties on the basis of the contingent nature of the milestone. This evaluation includes an assessment of whether:
(1)&nbsp;the consideration is commensurate with either BioLite&rsquo;s performance to achieve the milestone or the enhancement
of the value of the delivered item(s) as a result of a specific outcome resulting from its performance to achieve the milestone,
(2)&nbsp;the consideration relates solely to past performance and (3)&nbsp;the consideration is reasonable relative to all of
the deliverables and payment terms within the arrangement. BioLite evaluates factors such as the scientific, clinical, regulatory,
commercial, and other risks that must be overcome to achieve the particular milestone and the level of effort and investment required
to achieve the particular milestone in making this assessment. There is considerable judgment involved in determining whether
a milestone satisfies all of the criteria required to conclude that a milestone is substantive. Milestones that are not considered
substantive are recognized as earned if there are no remaining performance obligations or over the remaining period of performance,
assuming all other revenue recognition criteria are met.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<TABLE CELLSPACING="0" CELLPADDING="0" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%">
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="width: 0.25in; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 0.25in; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(iv)</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Royalties
    and Profit Sharing Payments</FONT></TD></TR>
</TABLE>
<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 0 0.5in; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 0 0.5in; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Under
the collaborative agreement with the collaboration partners, BioLite is entitled to receive royalties on sales of products, which
is at certain percentage of the net sales. BioLite recognizes revenue from these events based on the revenue recognition criteria
set forth in ASC 606. Based on those criteria, BioLite considers these payments to be contingent revenues, and recognizes them
as revenue in the period in which the applicable contingency is resolved.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B><I>&nbsp;</I></B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B><I>Income
Taxes </I></B>&mdash; Income taxes are accounted for under the asset and liability method. Deferred tax assets and liabilities
are recognized for the future tax consequences attributable to differences between the financial statement carrying amounts of
existing assets and liabilities and their respective tax bases and operating loss and tax credit carry forwards. Deferred tax
assets and liabilities are measured using enacted tax rates expected to apply to taxable income in the years in which those temporary
differences are expected to be recovered or settled. The effect on deferred tax assets and liabilities of a change in tax rates
is recognized in income in the period that includes the enactment date.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B><I>Valuation
of Deferred Tax Assets </I></B>&mdash; A valuation allowance is recorded to reduce our deferred tax assets to the amount that
is more likely than not to be realized. In assessing the need for the valuation allowance, management considers, among other things,
projections of future taxable income and ongoing prudent and feasible tax planning strategies. If BioLite determines that sufficient
negative evidence exists, then it will consider recording a valuation allowance against a portion or all of the deferred tax assets
in that jurisdiction. If, after recording a valuation allowance, BioLite&rsquo;s projections of future taxable income and other
positive evidence considered in evaluating the need for a valuation allowance prove, with the benefit of hindsight, to be inaccurate,
it could prove to be more difficult to support the realization of our deferred tax assets. As a result, an additional valuation
allowance could be required, which would have an adverse impact on its effective income tax rate and results. Conversely, if,
after recording a valuation allowance, BioLite determines that sufficient positive evidence exists in the jurisdiction in which
the valuation allowance was recorded, it may reverse a portion or all of the valuation allowance in that jurisdiction. In such
situations, the adjustment made to the deferred tax asset would have a favorable impact on its effective income tax rate and results
in the period such determination was made. See Note 13 of our Financial Statements for information related to income taxes, including
the recorded balances of its valuation allowance related to deferred tax assets.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">BioLite
applied the provisions of ASC 740-10-50, &ldquo;Accounting For Uncertainty In Income Taxes&rdquo;, which provides clarification
related to the process associated with accounting for uncertain tax positions recognized in our financial statements. Audit periods
remain open for review until the statute of limitations has passed. The completion of review or the expiration of the statute
of limitations for a given audit period could result in an adjustment to BioLite&rsquo;s liability for income taxes. Any such
adjustment could be material to BioLite&rsquo;s results of operations for any given quarterly or annual period based, in part,
upon the results of operations for the given period. As of December 31, 2018 and 2017, management considered that BioLite had
no uncertain tax positions, and will continue to evaluate for uncertain positions in the future.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"></FONT></P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B><I>Share-Based
Compensation &mdash;</I></B> <FONT STYLE="background-color: white">BioLite accounts for its stock-based compensation in accordance
with ASC 718, Compensation&mdash;Stock Compensation, which establishes accounting for stock-based awards granted to employees
for services and requires companies to expense the estimated fair value of these awards over the requisite service period. </FONT>BioLite
recognizes share-based compensation expense for share-based compensation awards granted to its employees and officers. Compensation
expense for share-based compensation awards granted is based on the grant date fair value estimate for each award as determined
by its board of directors. BioLite recognizes these compensation costs on a straight-line basis over the requisite service period
of the award, which is generally one to two years. As share-based compensation expense recognized is based on awards ultimately
expected to vest, such expense is reduced for estimated forfeitures. During the years ended December 31, 2018 and 2017, BioLite
did not record any employee stock-based compensation expenses.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">BioLite
estimates the fair value of stock-based compensation awards at the date of grant using the Black-Scholes option pricing model,
which requires the input of highly subjective assumptions, including the fair value of the underlying Common Stock, expected term
of the option, expected volatility of the price of its Common Stock, risk-free interest rates, and the expected dividend yield
of our Common Stock. The assumptions used in BioLite&rsquo;s option-pricing model represent management&rsquo;s best estimates.
These estimates involve inherent uncertainties and the application of management&rsquo;s judgment. If factors change and different
assumptions are used, BioLite&rsquo;s stock-based compensation expense could be materially different in the future.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">These
assumptions and estimates are as follows:</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<TABLE CELLSPACING="0" CELLPADDING="0" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%">
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="width: 0.25in; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 24px; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#9679;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Fair
    value of the underlying Common Stock. Because BioLite&rsquo;s stocks are not publicly traded, the assumptions used in the
    valuation model are based on future expectations combined with management judgment. In the absence of a public trading market,
    the board of directors, with input from management, exercised significant judgment and considered numerous objective and subjective
    factors to determine the fair value of our Common Stock as of the date of each option grant, including the following factors:</FONT></TD></TR>
</TABLE>
<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 0 0.5in; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">a)
contemporaneous valuations performed by unrelated third-party specialists;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 0 0.5in; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">b)
the lack of marketability of its Common Stock;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 0 0.5in; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">c)
BioLite&rsquo;s actual operating and financial performance, and current business conditions and projections;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 0 0.5in; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">d)
BioLite&rsquo;s hiring of key personnel and the experience of our management;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 0 0.5in; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">e)
BioLite&rsquo;s history and the timing of the introduction of new products and services;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">In
valuing the Common Stock, the fair value of the underlying Common Stock was determined by using the value indications under a
combination of valuation approaches, including a discounted cash flow analysis under the income approach, market approaches, and
the latest round of equity financing at grant date</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<TABLE CELLSPACING="0" CELLPADDING="0" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%">
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="width: 0.25in; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 24px; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#9679;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Expected
    term. The expected term represents the period that the stock-based compensation awards are expected to be outstanding. Since
    BioLite did not have sufficient historical information to develop reasonable expectations about future exercise behavior,
    it used the simplified method to compute expected term, which represents the average of the time-to-vesting and the contractual
    life.</FONT></TD></TR>
</TABLE>
<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<TABLE CELLSPACING="0" CELLPADDING="0" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%">
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="width: 0.25in; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 24px; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#9679;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Expected
    volatility. As BioLite does not have a trading history for its Common Stock, the expected stock price volatility for its Common
    Stock was estimated by taking the mean standard deviation of stock prices for selected companies in biotechnogy industry listed
    in Taiwan&rsquo;s stock markets.</FONT></TD></TR>
</TABLE>
<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<TABLE CELLSPACING="0" CELLPADDING="0" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%">
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="width: 0.25in; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 24px; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#9679;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Risk-free
    interest rate. The risk-free interest rate is based on the U.S. Treasury yield curve in effect at the time of grant for zero
    coupon U.S. Treasury notes with maturities approximately equal to the expected term of the options.</FONT></TD></TR>
</TABLE>
<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<TABLE CELLSPACING="0" CELLPADDING="0" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%">
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="width: 0.25in; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 24px; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#9679;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Expected
    dividend yield. BioLite has never declared or paid any cash dividends and do not presently plan to declare or pay cash dividends
    in the foreseeable future. Consequently, we used an expected dividend yield of zero.</FONT></TD></TR>
</TABLE>
<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"></FONT></P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
valuations are highly complex and subjective. Following the completion of this offering, Common Stock valuations will no longer
be necessary as BioLite will rely on market prices to determine the fair value of its Common Stock.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B><I>Foreign-currency
Transactions</I></B> &mdash; For BioLite&rsquo;s subsidiaries in Taiwan, the foreign-currency transactions are recorded in New
Taiwan dollars (&ldquo;NTD&rdquo;) at the rates of exchange in effect when the transactions occur. Gains or losses resulting from
the application of different foreign exchange rates when cash in foreign currency is converted into New Taiwan dollars, or when
foreign-currency receivables or payables are settled, are credited or charged to income in the year of conversion or settlement.
On the balance sheet dates, the balances of foreign-currency assets and liabilities are restated at the prevailing exchange rates
and the resulting differences are charged to current income except for those foreign currencies denominated investments in shares
of stock where such differences are accounted for as translation adjustments under Equity.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B><I>&nbsp;</I></B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B><I>Translation
Adjustment</I></B> &mdash; The accounts of BioLite Taiwan were maintained, and its financial statements were expressed, in New
Taiwan Dollar (&ldquo;NT$&rdquo;). Such financial statements were translated into U.S. Dollars (&ldquo;$&rdquo; or &ldquo;USD&rdquo;)
in accordance ASC 830, &ldquo;Foreign Currency Matters&rdquo;, with the NT$ as the functional currency. According to the Statement,
all assets and liabilities are translated at the current exchange rate, stockholder&rsquo;s deficit are translated at the historical
rates and income statement items are translated at an average exchange rate for the period. The resulting translation adjustments
are reported under other comprehensive income as a component of stockholders&rsquo; equity.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><I>&nbsp;</I></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B><I>Research
and Development </I></B>&mdash; BioLite accounts for R&amp;D costs in accordance with Accounting Standards Codification (&ldquo;ASC&rdquo;)
730, Research and Development (&ldquo;ASC 730&rdquo;). Research and development expenses are charged to expense as incurred unless
there is an alternative future use in other research and development projects or otherwise. Research and development expenses
are comprised of costs incurred in performing research and development activities, including personnel-related costs, share-based
compensation, and facilities-related overhead, outside contracted services including clinical trial costs, manufacturing and process
development costs for both clinical and preclinical materials, research costs, upfront and development milestone payments under
collaborative agreements and other consulting services. Non-refundable advance payment for goods and services that will be used
in future research and development activities are expensed when the activity has been performed or when the goods have been received
rather than when the payment is made. In instances where BioLite enters into agreements with third parties to provide research
and development services, costs are expensed as services are performed. Amounts due under such arrangements may be either fixed
fee or fee for service, and may include upfront payments, monthly payments, and payments upon the completion of milestones or
receipt of deliverables. <FONT STYLE="background-color: white">Research and development expense was $319,053 and $256,682 for
the years ended December 31, 2018 and 2017, respectively.</FONT></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt; background-color: white"><B><I>Promotional
and Advertising Costs</I></B></FONT><B> <FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&mdash;
</FONT></B><FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Promotional and advertising costs are classified as selling
and general and administrative expenses, and are expensed as incurred. Promotional and advertising expenses consist primarily
of the costs of designing, producing, and distributing materials promoting BioLite and its products, including its corporate website.
Promotional and advertising costs were $419 and $842 for the years ended December 31, 2018 and 2017, respectively.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B><I>Statement
of Cash Flows</I> &mdash; </B>Cash flows from BioLite&rsquo;s operations are based upon the local currencies. As a result, amounts
related to assets and liabilities reported on the statement of cash flows will not necessarily agree with changes in the corresponding
balances on the balance sheet. In November 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016-18, Restricted Cash , which requires amounts generally
described as restricted cash and restricted cash equivalents be included with cash and cash equivalents when reconciling the total
beginning and ending amounts for the periods shown on the statement of cash flows. BioLite adopted ASU 2016-18 in the fourth quarter
of 2018 and the impact on its consolidated financial statements is not material as BioLite's restricted cash balances are immaterial.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B><I>Comprehensive
Income</I></B> &mdash; Comprehensive income includes accumulated foreign currency translation gains and losses. BioLite has reported
the components of comprehensive income in its statements of operations and comprehensive income (loss).</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"></FONT></P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B><I>Recently
Issued Accounting Pronouncements</I></B> &mdash; In February 2016, the FASB issued ASU No. 2016-02, &ldquo;Leases.&rdquo; The
core principle of the ASU is that a lessee should recognize the assets and liabilities that arise from its leases other than those
that meet the definition of a short-term lease. The ASU requires extensive qualitative and quantitative disclosures, including
with respect to significant judgments made by management. Subsequently, the FASB issued ASU No. 2017-13, in September 2017 and
ASU No. 2018-01, in January 2018, which amends and clarifies ASU 2016-02. The Company adopted FASB Accounting Standards Codification,
Topic 842, Leases (&ldquo;ASC 842&rdquo;) using the modified retrospective approach, electing the practical expedient that allows
the Company not to restate its comparative periods prior to the adoption of the standard on January 1, 2019. As such, the disclosures
required under ASC 842 are not presented for periods before the date of adoption. For the comparative periods prior to adoption,
the Company presented the disclosures which were required under ASC 840.</FONT><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>



<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">In
November 2016, the FASB issued ASU No. 2016-18,&nbsp;Statement of Cash Flows: Restricted Cash. This ASU&nbsp;<FONT STYLE="background-color: white">requires
changes in restricted cash during the period to be included with cash and cash equivalents when reconciling the beginning-of-period
and end-of-period total amounts shown on the statement of cash flows. If cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash are presented
in more than one line item on the balance sheet, the new guidance requires a reconciliation of the total in the statement of cash
flows to the related captions in the balance sheet. </FONT>This guidance was effective for annual and interim periods of public
entities beginning after December 15, 2017<FONT STYLE="background-color: white">. The amendments in this ASU are applied retrospectively
to all periods presented.&nbsp;BioLite</FONT> adopted this guidance in the fourth quarter of 2018.&nbsp;<FONT STYLE="background-color: white">The
adoption of this ASU&nbsp;</FONT>increased&nbsp;BioLite&rsquo;s beginning and ending cash balances within its consolidated statements
of cash flows. The adoption had no other material impacts to its consolidated statements of cash flows and had no impact on its
results of operations or financial position.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">In
February 2018, the FASB issued Accounting Standards Update No. 2018-02 (ASU 2018-02), Income Statement - Reporting Comprehensive
Income (Topic 220). The guidance in ASU 2018-02 allows an entity to elect to reclassify the stranded tax effects related to the
Tax Cuts and Jobs Act (the Tax Act) of 2017 from accumulated other comprehensive income into retained earnings. ASU 2018-02 is
effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2018, with early adoption permitted. Early adoption of the amendments
in this Update is permitted, including adoption in any interim period, (1) for public business entities for reporting periods
for which financial statements have not yet been issued and (2) for all other entities for reporting periods for which financial
statements have not yet been made available for issuance. The amendments in this Update should be applied either in the period
of adoption or retrospectively to each period (or periods) in which the effect of the change in the U.S. federal corporate income
tax rate in the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act is recognized. BioLite does not expect the adoption of this standard to have a material
effect on its consolidated financial statements.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">In
August 2018, the FASB issued ASU 2018-13, Fair Value Measurement (&ldquo;Topic 820&rdquo;): Disclosure Framework - Changes to
the Disclosure Requirements for Fair Value Measurement. The ASU modifies the disclosure requirements in Topic 820, Fair Value
Measurement, by removing certain disclosure requirements related to the fair value hierarchy, modifying existing disclosure requirements
related to measurement uncertainty and adding new disclosure requirements, such as disclosing the changes in unrealized gains
and losses for the period included in other comprehensive income for recurring Level 3 fair value measurements held at the end
of the reporting period and disclosing the range and weighted average of significant unobservable inputs used to develop Level
3 fair value measurements. This ASU is effective for public companies for annual reporting periods and interim periods within
those annual periods beginning after December 15, 2019. BioLite is currently evaluating the effect, if any, that the ASU will
have on its financial statements.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">In
November 2018, the FASB issued ASU 2018-18,&nbsp;Collaborative arrangements (Topic 808): Clarifying the interaction between Topic
808 and Topic 606. ASU 2018-18 clarifies that certain transactions between participants in a collaborative arrangement should
be accounted for under ASC 606 when the counterparty is a customer and precludes an entity from presenting consideration from
a transaction in a collaborative arrangement as revenue from contracts with customers if the counterparty is not a customer for
that transaction. For public business entities, these amendments are effective for fiscal years beginning after December 2019,
and interim periods therein. Early adoption is permitted, including adoption in any interim period, for entities that have adopted
ASC 606. BioLite is currently evaluating the impact that ASU 2018-18 will have on its consolidated financial statements.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"></FONT></P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>Results
of Operations- Year Ended December 31, 2018 compared to Year Ended December 31, 2017</B></FONT></P>



<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">The following tables set forth a summary
of BioLite&rsquo;s results of operations for the periods indicated. This information should be read together with BioLite&rsquo;s
financial statements and related notes included elsewhere in this prospectus. The operating results in any period are not necessarily
indicative of the results that may be expected for any future period.</P>



<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid">2018</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid">2017</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Net revenue</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="width: 76%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; padding-left: 9pt">Merchandise sales</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">$</TD><TD STYLE="width: 9%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">6,324</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">$</TD><TD STYLE="width: 9%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">940</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; padding-left: 9pt">Merchandise
    sales-related parties</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">632</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">2,256</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; padding-left: 0.25in">Total
    net revenue</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">6,956</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">3,196</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Cost of revenue</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; padding-left: 0.125in">&nbsp;Merchandise sales</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">4,893</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">2,249</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; padding-left: 0.125in">&nbsp;Inventory
    valuation reserve</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">180,387</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">-</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; padding-left: 0.25in">&nbsp;Subtotal</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">185,280</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">2,249</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">Gross profit</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">(178,324</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">)</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">947</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">Operating expenses</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; padding-left: 9pt">Research and development expenses</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">319,053</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">256,682</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; padding-left: 9pt">Selling,
    general and administrative expenses</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">893,570</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">1,735,931</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; padding-left: 0.25in">Total
    operating expenses</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">1,212,623</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">1,992,613</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">Loss from operations</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">(1,390,947</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">)</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">(1,991,666</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">)</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">Other income (expense)</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; padding-left: 9pt">Interest income</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">5,119</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">7,207</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; padding-left: 9pt">Interest expense</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">(306,821</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">)</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">(222,060</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">)</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; padding-left: 9pt">Rental income</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">11,924</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">11,814</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; padding-left: 9pt">Investment loss</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">(395,476</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">)</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">(34,139</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">)</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; padding-left: 9pt">Gain (loss) on foreign exchange
    changes</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">7,307</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">(409,170</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">)</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; padding-left: 9pt">Loss on investment in equity
    securities</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">(256,126</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">)</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">(4,443,876</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">)</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; padding-left: 9pt">Other
    income (expenses)</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">(5,154</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">)</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">51,574</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; padding-left: 0.25in">Total
    other income (expenses)</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">(939,227</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">)</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">(5,038,650</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">)</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">Loss before income taxes</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">(2,330,174</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">)</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">(7,030,316</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">)</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">Provision for income taxes
    (benefit)</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">(366,947</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">)</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">(360,395</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">)</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">Net loss</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">(1,963,227</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">)</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">(6,669,921</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">)</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">Net loss attributable to
    noncontrolling interests, net of tax</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">489,151</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">1,621,650</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">Net loss attributable to BioLite Holding, Inc.</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">(1,474,076</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">)</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">(5,048,271</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">)</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">Foreign currency translation
    adjustment</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">(86,786</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">)</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">695,573</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; padding-bottom: 4pt">Comprehensive Loss</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 4pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">$</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">(1,560,862</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 4pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">)</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 4pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">$</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">(4,352,698</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 4pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">)</TD></TR>
</TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B><I>Revenue</I></B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">For
the year ended December 31, 2018, BioLite had total revenue of $6,956 compared to the total revenue of $3,196 for the year ended
December 31, 2017, representing an increase of $3,760, or 117.6%. BioLite&rsquo;s revenue increased in an insignificant amount
during the fiscal year of 2018 mainly because the increased demand from our clients.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B><I>Cost
of Revenue</I></B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Total
cost of revenue, which comprised mainly cost of merchandise sales and inventory valuation reserve, was $185,280 for the year ended
December 31, 2018 as compared to $2,249 for the year ended December 31, 2017, reflecting an increase of $183,031 or 8138%. The
significant year-to-year increase in cost of revenue was driven by the increase in inventory valuation reserve on inventories.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"></FONT></P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B><I>Operating
Expenses</I></B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B><I>&nbsp;</I></B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
following table sets forth the breakdown of BioLite&rsquo;s operating expenses for the years ended December 31, 2018 and 2017,
respectively:</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid">2018</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid">2017</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom">
    <TD STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Operating expenses:</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="width: 76%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; padding-left: 9pt">Research and development
    expenses</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">$</TD><TD STYLE="width: 9%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">319,053</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">$</TD><TD STYLE="width: 9%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">256,682</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; padding-left: 9pt">Selling,
    general and administrative expenses</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">893,570</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">1,735,931</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; padding-left: 9pt">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">$</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">1,212,623</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">$</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">1,992,613</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
</TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Research
and development costs consist of clinical trials, sponsored research, and miscellaneous expenditures in laboratories. Research
and development expenses were $319,053 and $256,682 during the years ended December 31, 2018, and 2017, which represents an increase
of $62,371 or 24%. Such increase was primarily attributable to payments to our in-licensing collaborative partners for on-going
projects and for patent and licensing fees.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">BioLite
incurred $893,570 in selling, general and administrative expenses for the fiscal year of 2018 as compared to $1,735,931 during
the fiscal year of 2017. The amounts of operating expenses for the year of 2018 decreased by $842,361 or (49)% from that of 2017
primarily because of the decrease in payroll and payroll related expenses, professional service fees, rent expenses, and entertainment
expenses during the year ended December 31, 2018.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>Other
income and expense </B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
following table sets forth the breakdown of our other income for the years ended December 31, 2018 and 2017, respectively:</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid">2018</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid">2017</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom">
    <TD STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Other income (expense)</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="width: 76%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; padding-left: 9pt">Interest income</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">$</TD><TD STYLE="width: 9%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">5,119</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">$</TD><TD STYLE="width: 9%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">7,207</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; padding-left: 9pt">Interest expense</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">(306,821</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">)</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">(222,060</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">)</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; padding-left: 9pt">Rental income</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">11,924</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">11,884</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; padding-left: 9pt">Investment loss</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">(395,476</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">)</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">(34,139</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">)</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; padding-left: 9pt">Gain (Loss) on foreign exchange
    changes</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">7,307</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">(409,170</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">)</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; padding-left: 9pt">Loss on investment in equity
    securities</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">(256,126</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">)</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">(4,443,876</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">)</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; padding-left: 9pt">Other
    income (expenses)</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">(5,154</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">)</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">51,574</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; padding-left: 0.25in">Total
    other income (expenses)</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">$</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">(939,227</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">)</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">$</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">(5,038,650</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">)</TD></TR>
</TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B><I>Other
income or expenses </I></B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">BioLite
incurred interest expenses in the amounts of $306,821 and $222,060 during the years ended December 31, 2018 and 2017, respectively,
which reflected an increase of $84,761, or 38%. Such increase was due to the convertible notes issued in the fiscal year of 2018.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">BioLite
recognized investment loss of $395,476 and $34,139 during the years ended December 31, 2018 and 2017, respectively, which represented
an increase of $361,337, or 1058% in loss on disposition of equity securities. During the year ended December 31, 2018, Biolite
sold 552,000 shares of common stock of BioHopeKing at prices ranging from NT$25, equivalent $0.82, to NT$32, equivalent $1.05,
to two directors of BioHopeKing and 25 individuals, resulting in a recognition of investment loss of $395,476 for the same period.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">BioLite&rsquo;s
position on loss on investment in equity securities substantially decreased, from $4,443,876 in 2017 to $256,126 in 2018, representing
a decrease of $4,187,750, or 94%. This decrease in loss on investment was primarily attributable to that BioLite recognized the
other-than-temporary impairments of non marketable equity investments of $4,277,708 during the year ended December 31, 2017.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"></P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B><I>Net
loss</I></B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">As
a result of the above, BioLite&rsquo;s net loss for the year ended December 31, 2018 was $1,963,227 as compared to a net loss
of $6,669,921 for the year ended December 31, 2017, which reflects a substantial decrease in net loss in the amount of $4,706,694
or (71)%. The decrease in net loss was due to the reasons described above.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B><I>Cash
Flows</I></B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
following table summarizes BioLite&rsquo;s cash flows for the year ended December 31, 2018 and 2017:</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid">2018</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid">2017</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="width: 76%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">Net Cash Used In Operating Activities</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="width: 9%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">(270,336</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">)</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="width: 9%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">(1,683,497</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">)</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">Net Cash Used In Investing Activities</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">(156,372</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">)</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">(7,708,126</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">)</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">Net Cash Provided By Financing Activities</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">303,864</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">9,325,297</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">Effect of exchange rate changes
    on cash and cash equivalents</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">(4,016</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">)</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">8,979</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">Net increase (decrease) in
    cash and cash equivalents</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">(126,860</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">)</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">(57,347</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">)</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; padding-bottom: 4pt">Cash and cash equivalents,
    beginning balance</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 4pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">313,504</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 4pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 4pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">370,851</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 4pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; padding-bottom: 4pt">Cash and cash equivalents,
    ending balance</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 4pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">$</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">186,644</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 4pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 4pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">$</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">313,504</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 4pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
</TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><I>Operating
activities</I></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Net
cash used in operating activities was $270,336 for the year ended December 31, 2018, which reflected a decline of $1,413,161 or
84% from cash used in operating activities of $1,683,497 for the year ended December 31, 2017. The decrease was mainly due to
the decreased net loss and loss on investment in equity securities, and the increased in accrued expenses and other current liabilities
and due to related parties.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><I>Investing
activities</I></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Net
cash used in investing activities for the year ended December 31, 2018 was $156,372, which reflected a substantial decrease of
$7,551,754 or 98% as compared to net cash used in investing activities of $7,708,126 for the year ended December 31, 2017. The
decrease in net cash used in investing activities primarily because BioLite made more equity investments in collaborative partners
in Asia during the year ended December 31, 2017.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><I>Financing
activities</I></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Net
cash provided by financing activities for the year ended December 31, 2018 was $303,864, which was a substantial decrease of $9,021,433
or 97%, from net cash provided by financing activities of $9,325,297 for the year ended December 31, 2017. The decrease in net
cash provided by financing activities was mainly attributable to that BioLite didn&rsquo;t issue additional shares for cash in
2018.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>


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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>&nbsp;</B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B><A NAME="a_015"></A>BIOKEY&rsquo;S
MANAGEMENT&rsquo;S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION</B><BR>
<B>AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS</B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>Overview</B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>&nbsp;</B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">BioKey
was incorporated on August 9, 2000 in the State of California. It is engaged primarily in research and development, manufacturing,
and distribution of generic drugs and nutraceuticals with strategic partners. BioKey provides a wide range of services, including,
API characterization, pre-formulation studies, formulation development, analytical method development, stability studies, IND/NDA/ANDA/510K
submissions, and manufacturing clinical trial materials (phase I through phase III) and commercial manufacturing. BioKey also
licenses out its technologies and initiates joint research and development processes with other biotechnology, pharmaceutical,
and nutraceutical companies.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">BioKey&rsquo;s
headquarters and GMP facility are located at 44370 Old Warm Springs Blvd., Fremont, CA, 94538.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">BioKey&rsquo;s
customers include new drug development companies, research institutions and nutraceutical companies in the United States, Taiwan,
China and other Asian countries. BioKey has a handful of clients that count for the majority of its revenue.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">BioKey
became a wholly-owned subsidiary of BioKey upon the closing of the Mergers on February 8, 2019.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>Business
Segments</B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">BioKey
has primarily three business lines which provide complementary solutions to the market. Each has a different customer focus and
&ldquo;go to market&rdquo; approach. They are:</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<TABLE CELLSPACING="0" CELLPADDING="0" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse">
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="width: 0.25in; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 0.25in; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#9679;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B><I>Controlled-
    release platforms and ANDA applications</I></B>: provides various control-released platforms to both new and generic drug
    products to make the drug administration process smooth and convenient. </FONT></TD></TR>
</TABLE>
<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<TABLE CELLSPACING="0" CELLPADDING="0" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse">
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="width: 0.25in; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 0.25in; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#9679;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B><I>Generic
    drug development</I></B>: processes ANDA for drugs whose patents are expiring or expired and uses third-party distributors
    to sell the generic drugs that are approved by the FDA. </FONT></TD></TR>
</TABLE>
<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<TABLE CELLSPACING="0" CELLPADDING="0" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse">
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="width: 0.25in; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 0.25in; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#9679;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B><I>Contract
    development &amp; manufacturing organization (the &ldquo;CDMO&rdquo;)</I></B> : provides contracting, developing and
    manufacturing     services to new drug development companies and research institutions.</FONT></TD></TR>
</TABLE>
<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>Results
of Operations &mdash; Fiscal Year Ended December 31, 2018 Compared to the Year Ended December 31, 2017.</B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
following table presents, for the period indicated, BioKey&rsquo;s statements of operations information.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="6" STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid">For
    The Years Ended<BR> December 31,</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid">2018</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid">2017</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="width: 76%; font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Revenues</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">$</TD><TD STYLE="width: 9%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">510,197</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">$</TD><TD STYLE="width: 9%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">983,218</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">Cost of revenues</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">4,809</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">17,312</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">Gross profit (loss)</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">505,388</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">965,906</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">Operating expenses</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">Selling, general and administrative expenses</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">669,322</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">767,504</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">Research and development
    expenses</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">430,917</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">497,947</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; padding-left: 20pt">Total
    operating expenses</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">1,100,239</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">1,265,451</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">Loss from operations</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">(594,851</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">)</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">(299,545</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">)</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">Other income(expenses)</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; padding-left: 10pt">Interest income</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">4,598</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">6,742</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; padding-left: 10pt">Other
    income</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">630</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">459</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; padding-left: 20pt">Total
    other income</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">5,228</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">7,201</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">Loss before provision income tax</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">(589,623</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">)</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">(292,344</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">)</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">Provision income tax</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">800</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">800</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; padding-bottom: 4pt">Net Loss</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 4pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">$</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">(590,423</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 4pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">)</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 4pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">$</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">(293,144</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 4pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">)</TD></TR>
</TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"></FONT></P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B><I>Revenues.&nbsp;</I></B>BioKey
generated revenue of $510,197 and $983,218 during the years ended December 31, 2018 and 2017, respectively, which reflected a
decrease of $473,021 or 48%. Such decrease was primarily due to the substantial business changes of two of BioKey&rsquo;s major
customers, which resulted in significantly less demand of BioKey&rsquo;s CDMO services. Such changes were beyond BioKey&rsquo;s
control and BioKey intends to focus more on its own product development and simultaneously strengthen its marketing and sales
with respect to its contracting services. However, there is no assurance that BioKey or the new management of the combined entity
will be able to increase the revenue of the CDMO in the future.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B><I>Cost
of Revenues. </I></B>BioKey incurred costs of revenues in the amounts of $4,809 and $17,312 during the years ended December 31,
2018 and 2017. Costs of revenues of BioKey consist primarily of purchase of materials, outsourced services, and logistics expenses.
The cost of revenues decreased by $12,503 or 72% from the fiscal year of 2017 to the fiscal year of 2018 because BioKey reduced
the outsourcing activities and provided more services in-house to increase the efficiency and save overall costs.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B><I>Gross
Profit.</I></B> As a result of the changes in revenues and cost of revenues, BioKey&rsquo;s gross profit decreased from $965,906
for the year ended December 31, 2017 to $505,388 for the year ended December 31, 2018, which represents a decrease of approximately
$460,518 or 48%.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B><I>Operating
Expenses. </I></B>BioKey&rsquo;s operating expenses consist of research and development expenses and selling, general and administrative
expenses for the years ended December 31, 2018 and 2017. BioKey incurred $430,917 and $497,947 in research and development expenses
for the years ended December 31, 2018 and 2017, respectively. There was no substantial change in the research and development
expenses during the fiscal years of 2018 and 2017. BioKey incurred $669,322 and $767,504 in selling, general and administrative
expenses for the years ended December 31, 2018 and 2017, respectively, which reflected a decrease of $98,182 or 12.8%. Such decrease
was mainly attributable to the reduction of the senior management&rsquo;s salaries in 2018, partially offset by the increase in
professional service fees.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B><I>Net
Loss.</I></B> The net loss was $590,423 and $293,144 for the years ended December 31, 2018 and 2017, respectively. The increase
in net loss was due to the reasons described above.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><U>Working
Capital Summary</U></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid">As
    of December&nbsp;31, 2018<BR> ($)</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid">As
    of December&nbsp;31, 2017<BR> ($)</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="width: 76%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">Current Assets</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="width: 9%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">827,718</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="width: 9%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">1,418,789</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">Current Liabilities</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">83,026</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">79,757</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">Working Capital</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">744,692</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">1,339,032</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
</TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"></FONT></P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><U>Cash
Flows</U></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="6" STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center">Years Ended</TD><TD STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="6" STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid">December
    31,</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid">2018</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid">2017</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="width: 76%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">Cash flows used in operating activities</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">$</TD><TD STYLE="width: 9%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">(552,469</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">)</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">$</TD><TD STYLE="width: 9%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">(240,071</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">)</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">Cash flows used in investing activities</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">(46,262</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">)</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">(7,794</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">)</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">Cash flows provided by financing
    activities</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">10,000</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">-</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; padding-bottom: 4pt">Net decrease in cash and cash
    equivalents</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 4pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">$</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">(588,731</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 4pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">)</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 4pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">$</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">(247,865</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 4pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">)</TD></TR>
</TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>Cash
Flows from Operating Activities</B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Net
cash used in operating activities was $552,469 and $240,071 during the years ended December 31, 2018 and 2017, respectively, representing
an increase of $312,398, or 130%. This increase was primarily driven by the operating loss during the year ended December 31,
2018.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>Cash
Flows from Investing Activities</B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Net
cash used in investing activities was $46,262 during the year ended December 31, 2018 compared to $7,794 in the comparable period
of 2017, representing an increase of $38,468, or 493%. This increase was primarily driven by purchasing additional equipment for
operational use.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>Cash
Flows from Financing Activities</B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Net
cash provided by financing activities was $10,000 during the year ended December 31, 2018 compared to $0 in the comparable period
of 2017, representing an increase of $10,000 or 100%. The increase in net cash provided by financing activities was due to the
issuance of common stocks of BioKey for cash.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>Contractual
Obligations</B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">BioKey
leases its main office in Fremont, California, under operating leases expiring on February 28, 2021. The monthly rent is approximately
$23,600. BioKey also leases office equipment with monthly payment of approximately $220 expiring on August 31, 2019. The total
rent expenses were $278,961 and $274,978 for the years ended December 31, 2018 and 2017, respectively.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Future
minimum lease payments under BioKey&rsquo;s operating leases are as follows:</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"><B>As of December
    31,</B></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"><B>&nbsp;</B></TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid"><B>Amount</B></TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><B>&nbsp;</B></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="width: 88%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">2019</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="width: 9%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">304,726</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">2020</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">310,239</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">2021</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">51,910</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 4pt; text-align: left">Total</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 4pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">$</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">666,875</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 4pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
</TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>Liquidity
and Capital Resources</B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">As
of December 31, 2018 and December 31, 2017, BioKey had cash totaling approximately $636,666 and $1,225,397, respectively. Net
cash used in operating activities totaled approximately $552,469 and $240,071 for the years ended December 31, 2018 and 2017,
respectively. Net loss totaled approximately $590,423 and $293,144 for the years ended December 31, 2018 and 2017, respectively.
Total current assets were $827,718 and $1,418,789 as of December 31, 2018 and December 31, 2017, respectively. Total current liabilities
were $83,026 and $79,757 as of December 31, 2018 and December 31, 2017, respectively. Accordingly, BioKey had working capital
of $744,692and $1,339,032 as of December 31, 2018 and December 31, 2017, respectively.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>&nbsp;</B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"></P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>Off-Balance
Sheet Arrangements</B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">As
of December 31, 2018, BioKey did not have any off-balance sheet arrangements that have or are reasonably likely to have a current
or future effect on our financial condition, changes in financial condition, revenues or expenses, results of operations, liquidity,
capital expenditures, or capital resources that is material to investors.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>A
summary of BioKey&rsquo;s significant accounting policies is as follows:</B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>Basis
of presentation:</B> The accompanying financial statements have been prepared in conformity with accounting principles generally
accepted in the United States of America.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>Use
of estimates: </B>The preparation of financial statements in conformity with generally accepted accounting principles of United
States of America requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities
and disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements and reported amounts of revenues and
expenses during the reporting period. Actual results could differ from those estimates.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>Cash
and cash equivalents: </B>For purposes of reporting cash flows, BioKey considers all highly liquid debt instruments purchased
with a maturity of three months or less to be cash equivalents.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>Accounts
receivable and other receivable: </B>Accounts receivable and other receivable are stated at carrying value less estimates made
for doubtful receivables. An allowance for impairment of trade receivable and other receivable is established if the collection
of a receivable becomes doubtful. Such receivable becomes doubtful when there is objective evidence that BioKey will not be able
to collect all amounts due according to the original terms of the receivables. Significant financial difficulties of the debtor,
probability that the debtor will enter into bankruptcy or financial reorganization, and default or delinquency in payments are
considered indicators that the receivable is impaired. The amount of the allowance is the difference between the asset&rsquo;s
carrying amount and the present value of estimated future cash flows, discounted at the original effective interest rate.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>Property
and equipment: </B>Property and equipment are recorded at cost. Depreciation is computed on the straight-line method over the
estimated useful lives of the related assets as follows:</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<TABLE CELLSPACING="0" CELLPADDING="0" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse">
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; background-color: #CCEEFF; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="width: 85%; text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Laboratory
    and manufacturing equipment</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 15%; text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">2
    ~5 years</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; background-color: white; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Office
    equipment</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">3
    years</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; background-color: #CCEEFF; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Leasehold
    improvement</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">3
    ~8 years</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; background-color: white; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Furniture
    and fixtures</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">8~15
    years</FONT></TD></TR>
</TABLE>
<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Expenditures
for major renewals and betterment that extend the useful lives of property and equipment are capitalized. Expenditures for repairs
and maintenance are charged to expense as incurred. When property and equipment are retired or otherwise disposed of, the asset
and accumulated depreciation are removed from the accounts and the resulting profit or loss is reflected in the statement of income
for the period.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>Impairment
of long-lived assets: </B>BioKey reviews its long-lived assets whenever events or circumstances indicate that the carrying amount
of such assets may not be recoverable. Impairment is evaluated by comparing the carrying value of the long-lived assets with the
estimated future net undiscounted cash flows expected to result from the use of the assets, including cash flows from disposition.
Should the sum of the expected future net cash flows be less than the carrying value, BioKey would recognize an impairment loss
at that date. An impairment loss would be measured by comparing the amount by which the carrying value exceeds the fair value
(estimated discounted future cash flows) of the long-lived assets.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"></FONT></P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>Revenue
recognition: </B>During fiscal year 2018, BioKey adopted Accounting Standards Codification (&ldquo;ASC&rdquo;), Topic 606 (ASC
606), Revenue from Contracts with Customers, using the modified retrospective method to all contracts that were not completed
as of January 1, 2018, and applying the new revenue standard as an adjustment to the opening balance of accumulated deficit at
the beginning of 2018 for the cumulative effect. The results for BioKey&rsquo;s reporting periods beginning on and after January
1, 2018 are presented under ASC 606, while prior period amounts are not adjusted and continue to be reported under the accounting
standards in effect for the prior period. Based on BioKey&rsquo;s review of existing contracts as of January 1, 2018, BioKey concluded
that the adoption of the new guidance did not have a significant change on BioKey&rsquo;s revenue during all periods presented.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Pursuant
to ASC 606, BioKey recognizes revenue when its customer obtains control of promised goods or services, in an amount that reflects
the consideration that BioKey expects to receive in exchange for those goods or services. To determine revenue recognition for
arrangements that BioKey determines is within the scope of ASC 606, BioKey performs the following five steps: (i) identify the
contract(s) with a customer; (ii) identify the performance obligations in the contract; (iii) determine the transaction price;
(iv) allocate the transaction price to the performance obligations in the contract; and (v) recognize revenue when (or as) BioKey
satisfies a performance obligation. BioKey only applies the five-step model to contracts when it is probable that BioKey will
collect the consideration BioKey is entitled to in exchange for the goods or services BioKey transfers to the customers. At inception
of the contract, once the contract is determined to be within the scope of ASC 606, BioKey assesses the goods or services promised
within each contract, determines those that are performance obligations, and assesses whether each promised good or service is
distinct. BioKey then recognizes as revenue the amount of the transaction price that is allocated to the respective performance
obligation when (or as) the performance obligation is satisfied. Generally, BioKey's performance obligations are transferred to
customers at a point in time, typically upon delivery.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">BioKey
currently only has one major revenue source, which is research and development activities services.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Revenues
related to research and development and regulatory activities are recognized when the related services or activities are performed,
in accordance with the contract terms. BioKey typically has only one performance obligation at the inception of a contract, which
is to perform research and development services. BioKey may also provide its customers with an option to request that BioKey provides
additional goods or services in the future, such as active pharmaceutical ingredient, API, or IND/NDA/ANDA/510K submissions. BioKey
evaluates whether these options are material rights at the inception of the contract. If BioKey determines an option is a material
right, BioKey will consider the option a separate performance obligation.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">If
BioKey is entitled to reimbursement from its customers for specified research and development expenses, BioKey accounts for the
related services that it provides as separate performance obligations if it determines that these services represent a material
right. BioKey also determines whether the reimbursement of research and development expenses should be accounted for as revenues
or an offset to research and development expenses in accordance with provisions of gross or net revenue presentation. BioKey recognizes
the corresponding revenues or records the corresponding offset to research and development expenses as it satisfies the related
performance obligations.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">BioKey
then determines the transaction price by reviewing the amount of consideration BioKey is eligible to earn under the contracts,
including any variable consideration. Under the outstanding contracts, consideration typically includes fixed consideration and
variable consideration in the form of potential milestone payments. At the start of an agreement, BioKey&rsquo;s transaction price
usually consists of the payments made to or by BioKey based on the number of full-time equivalent researchers assigned to the
project and the related research and development expenses incurred. BioKey does not typically include any payments that BioKey
may receive in the future in its initial transaction price because the payments are not probable. BioKey would reassess the total
transaction price at each reporting period to determine if BioKey should include additional payments in the transaction price.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">BioKey
receives payments from its customers based on billing schedules established in each contract. Upfront payments and fees may be
recorded as advance from customers upon receipt or when due, and may require deferral of revenue recognition to a future period
until BioKey performs its obligations under these arrangements. Amounts are recorded as accounts receivable when the right of
BioKey to consideration is unconditional. BioKey does not assess whether a contract has a significant financing component if the
expectation at contract inception is such that the period between payment by the customers and the transfer of the promised goods
or services to the customers will be one year or less.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"></FONT></P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>Advertising
costs: </B>Advertising costs are expensed as incurred. The total advertising and marketing expenses were $0 for the years ended
December 31, 2018 and 2017.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>Research
and development:</B> BioKey accounts for R&amp;D costs in accordance with Accounting Standards Codification (&ldquo;ASC&rdquo;)
730, Research and Development (&ldquo;ASC 730&rdquo;). Research and development expenses are charged to expense as incurred unless
there is an alternative future use in other research and development projects or otherwise. Research and development expenses
are comprised of costs incurred in performing research and development activities, including personnel-related costs, facilities-related
overhead, and outside contracted services including clinical trial costs, manufacturing and process development costs for both
clinical and preclinical materials, research costs, and other consulting services. Non-refundable advance payment for goods and
services that will be used in future research and development activities are expensed when the activity has been performed or
when the goods have been received rather than when the payment is made. In instances where BioKey enters into agreements with
third parties to provide research and development services, costs are expensed as services are performed.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>Income
taxes: </B>BioKey accounts for income taxes in accordance with ASC 740, Income Taxes, which requires that BioKey recognize deferred
tax liabilities and assets based on the differences between the financial statement carrying amounts and the tax basis of assets
and liabilities, using enacted tax rates in effect in the years the differences are expected to reverse. Deferred income tax benefit
(expense) results from the change in net deferred tax assets or deferred tax liabilities. A valuation allowance is recorded when,
in the opinion of management, it is more likely than not that some or all of any deferred tax assets will not be realized. BioKey
provides criteria for the recognition, measurement, presentation and disclosure of uncertain tax position.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>Valuation
of deferred tax assets: </B>A valuation allowance is recorded to reduce its deferred tax assets to the amount that is more likely
than not to be realized. In assessing the need for the valuation allowance, management considers, among other things, projections
of future taxable income and ongoing prudent and feasible tax planning strategies. If BioKey determines that sufficient negative
evidence exists, then it will consider recording a valuation allowance against a portion or all of the deferred tax assets in
that jurisdiction. If, after recording a valuation allowance, BioKey&rsquo;s projections of future taxable income and other positive
evidence considered in evaluating the need for a valuation allowance prove, with the benefit of hindsight, to be inaccurate, it
could prove to be more difficult to support the realization of its deferred tax assets. As a result, an additional valuation allowance
could be required, which would have an adverse impact on its effective income tax rate and results. Conversely, if, after recording
a valuation allowance, BioKey determines that sufficient positive evidence exists in the jurisdiction in which the valuation allowance
was recorded, it may reverse a portion or all of the valuation allowance in that jurisdiction. In such situations, the adjustment
made to the deferred tax asset would have a favorable impact on its effective income tax rate and results in the period such determination
was made. In determining the need for a valuation allowance, management reviewed both positive and negative evidence pursuant
to the requirements of ASC Topic 740. At December 31, 2018, management concluded that it is more likely than not that BioKey would
not realize benefits of its net deferred tax assets. BioKey will continue to evaluate the need for a valuation allowance in future
periods based upon the criteria as provided for under ASC Topic 740.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">BioKey
applied the provisions of ASC 740-10-50, &ldquo;Accounting For Uncertainty In Income Taxes&rdquo;, which provides clarification
related to the process associated with accounting for uncertain tax positions recognized in its financial statements. Audit periods
remain open for review until the statute of limitations has passed. The completion of review or the expiration of the statute
of limitations for a given audit period could result in an adjustment to BioKey&rsquo;s liability for income taxes. Any such adjustment
could be material to BioKey&rsquo;s results of operations for any given quarterly or annual period based, in part, upon the results
of operations for the given period. As of December 31, 2018 and 2017, management considered that BioKey had no uncertain tax positions,
and will continue to evaluate for uncertain positions in the future.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"></FONT></P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>Concentration
of credit risks: </B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>Cash
and cash equivalents: </B>BioKey maintains its cash in bank deposit accounts which, at times, may exceed federally insured limits.
Accounts are guaranteed by the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation (FDIC) up to $250,000. As of December 31, 2018 and 2017,
BioKey had $342,063 and $963,763 in excess of FDIC insured limits, respectively. BioKey has not experienced any losses in such
accounts.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>Customers</B>:
BioKey performs ongoing credit evaluations of its customers&rsquo; financial condition and generally, requires no collateral.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">For
the year ended December 31, 2018, Two customers who accounted for more than 10% of BioKey&rsquo;s total net sales revenues, representing
approximately 38.8% and 15% of total net sales revenues, and 0% and 0% of accounts receivable in aggregate at December 31, 2018,
respectively:</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid"><B>Customer</B></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"><B>&nbsp;</B></TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid"><B>Net
    sales&nbsp;for the year </B><BR> <B>2018</B></TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><B>&nbsp;</B></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"><B>&nbsp;</B></TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid"><B>Accounts</B><BR>
    <B>receivable </B><BR>
    <B>balance&nbsp;as of</B><BR> <B>December&nbsp;31,</B><BR> <B>2018</B></TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><B>&nbsp;</B></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="width: 76%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">A</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">$</TD><TD STYLE="width: 9%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">167,596</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">$</TD><TD STYLE="width: 9%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">-</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">B</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">$</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">64,746</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">$</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">-</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
</TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">For
the year ended December 31, 2017, five customers who accounted for more than 10% of BioKey&rsquo;s total net sales revenues, representing
approximately 28%, 15%, 14%, 10%, and 10% of total net sales revenues, and 0%, 8%, 0%, 1%, and 69% of accounts receivable in aggregate
at December 31, 2017, respectively:</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid"><B>Customer</B></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"><B>&nbsp;</B></TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid"><B>Net
    sales for the year </B><BR> <B>2017</B></TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><B>&nbsp;</B></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"><B>&nbsp;</B></TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid"><B>Accounts
    receivable balance&nbsp;as of </B><BR> <B>December&nbsp;31,</B><BR> <B>2017</B></TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><B>&nbsp;</B></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="width: 76%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">A</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">$</TD><TD STYLE="width: 9%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">273,966</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">$</TD><TD STYLE="width: 9%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">-</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">B</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">$</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">150,450</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">$</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">15,950</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">C</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">$</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">141,674</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">$</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">-</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">D</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">$</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">98,000</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">$</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">2,300</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">E</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">$</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">88,085</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">$</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">134,312</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">*</TD></TR>
</TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">*
Related party transactions (See Note 3).</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>Suppliers:
</B>BioKey currently is not entering any significant purchase agreements with suppliers for the years ended December 31, 2018
and 2017.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>Fair
value measurements:</B> FASB ASC 820, &ldquo;Fair Value Measurements&rdquo; defines fair value for certain financial and nonfinancial
assets and liabilities that are recorded at fair value, establishes a framework for measuring fair value and expands disclosures
about fair value measurements. It requires that an entity measure its financial instruments to base fair value on exit price,
maximize the use of observable units and minimize the use of unobservable inputs to determine the exit price. It establishes a
hierarchy which prioritizes the inputs to valuation techniques used to measure fair value. This hierarchy increases the consistency
and comparability of fair value measurements and related disclosures by maximizing the use of observable inputs and minimizing
the use of unobservable inputs by requiring that observable inputs be used when available. Observable inputs are inputs that reflect
the assumptions market participants would use in pricing the assets or liabilities based on market data obtained from sources
independent of BioKey. Unobservable inputs are inputs that reflect BioKey&rsquo;s own assumptions about the assumptions market
participants would use in pricing the asset or liability developed based on the best information available in the circumstances.
The hierarchy prioritizes the inputs into three broad levels based on the reliability of the inputs as follows:</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<TABLE CELLSPACING="0" CELLPADDING="0" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse">
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="width: 24px; text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 24px; text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#9679;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Level
    1 &ndash; Inputs are quoted prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities that BioKey has the ability to access
    at the measurement date. Valuation of these instruments does not require a high degree of judgment as the valuations are based
    on quoted prices in active markets that are readily and regularly available.</FONT></TD></TR>
</TABLE>

<P STYLE="margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="margin: 0"></P>

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<P STYLE="margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLSPACING="0" CELLPADDING="0" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse">
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 24px"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 24px"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#9679;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Level
    2 &ndash; Inputs other than quoted prices in active markets that are either directly or indirectly observable as of the measurement
    date, such as quoted prices for similar assets or liabilities; quoted prices in markets that are not active; or other inputs
    that are observable or can be corroborated by observable market data for substantially the full term of the assets or liabilities.</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#9679;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Level
    3 &ndash; Valuations based on inputs that are unobservable and not corroborated by market data. The fair value for such assets
    and liabilities is generally determined using pricing models, discounted cash flow methodologies, or similar techniques that
    incorporate the assumptions a market participant would use in pricing the asset or liability.</FONT></TD></TR>
</TABLE>
<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
carrying values of certain assets and liabilities of BioKey, such as cash and cash equivalents, accounts receivable, accounts
payable, accrued liabilities, and advance from customers, approximate fair value due to their relatively short maturities.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>Stock-based
compensation: </B><FONT STYLE="background-color: white">BioKey accounts for its stock-based compensation in accordance with ASC
718, Compensation&mdash;Stock Compensation, which establishes accounting for stock-based awards granted to employees for services
and requires companies to expense the estimated fair value of these awards over the requisite service period. BioKey estimates
the fair value of all awards granted using the Black-Scholes valuation model. Key inputs and assumptions include the expected
term of the option, stock price volatility, risk-free interest rate, dividend yield, stock price and exercise price. Many of the
assumptions require significant judgment and any changes could have a material impact in the determination of stock-based compensation
expense. BioKey elected an accounting policy to record forfeitures as they occur. BioKey recognizes employee stock-based compensation
expense based on the fair value of the award on the date of the grant. The compensation expense is recognized over the vesting
period under the straight-line method. </FONT>During the years ended December 31, 2018 and 2017, BioKey did not record any employee
stock-based compensation expenses.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt; background-color: white">BioKey
accounts for options awards granted to nonemployee consultants and directors under ASC 505 Equity. The fair value of the option
issued or committed to be issued is used to measure the transaction, as this is more reliable than the fair value of the services
received. The fair value is measured at the value of BioKey&rsquo;s common stock at the earlier of the date that the commitment
for performance by the counterparty has been reached or the counterparty&rsquo;s performance is complete. Awards granted to nonemployees
are remeasured to fair value at each period end date until vested and expensed on a straight-line basis over the vesting period.
</FONT><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">During the years ended December 31, 2018
and 2017, the stock-based compensation expenses to non-employee consultants were $833 and $0, respectively.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>Profit
sharing plan:</B> BioKey has a 401 (k) profit sharing plan for employees who have reached the age of twenty-one and have completed
one year of eligibility service. BioKey&rsquo;s contribution is based on management&rsquo;s discretion. In addition, BioKey may
make a nonelective contributions to the plan. The amount of the nonelective contribution is determined by its Board of Directors
on an annual basis. Total contributions that BioKey made to the plan were $0 for the years ended December 31, 2018 and 2017.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>Recently
issued accounting pronouncements: </B>In February 2016, the FASB issued ASU No. 2016-02, &ldquo;Leases.&rdquo; The core principle
of the ASU is that a lessee should recognize the assets and liabilities that arise from its leases other than those that meet
the definition of a short-term lease. The ASU requires extensive qualitative and quantitative disclosures, including with respect
to significant judgments made by management. Subsequently, the FASB issued ASU No. 2017-13, in September 2017 and ASU No. 2018-01,
in January 2018, which amends and clarifies ASU 2016-02. The ASU will be effective for BioKey beginning January 1, 2019, including
interim periods in the fiscal year 2019. Early adoption is permitted. BioKey is in the process of determining the method of adoption
and assessing the impact of this ASU on its consolidated results of operations, cash flows, financial position and disclosures.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt; background-color: white">On
December 22, 2017, the SEC issued Staff Accounting Bulletin (&ldquo;SAB 118&rdquo;), which provides guidance on accounting for
tax effects of the Tax Act. SAB 118 provides a measurement period that should not extend beyond one year from the Tax Act enactment
date for companies to complete the accounting under ASC 740. In accordance with SAB 118, a company must reflect the income tax
effects of those aspects of the Act for which the accounting under ASC 740 is complete. In March 2018, the FASB issued ASU 2018-05,
Amendments to SEC Paragraphs Pursuant to SEC Staff Accounting Bulletin No. 118 (SEC Update), Income Taxes (Topic 740). ASU 2018-05
provides guidance regarding the recording of tax impacts where uncertainty exists, in the period of adoption of the 2017 U.S.
Tax Cuts and Jobs Act (the &ldquo;2017 Tax Act&rdquo;). To the extent that a company&rsquo;s accounting for certain income tax
effects of the Tax Act is incomplete but it is able to determine a reasonable estimate, it must record a provisional estimate
to be included in the financial statements. If a company cannot determine a provisional estimate to be included in the financial
statements, it should continue to apply ASC 740 on the basis of the provision of the tax laws that were in effect immediately
before the enactment of the Tax Act. While BioKey is able to make reasonable estimates of the impact of the reduction in corporate
rate and the deemed repatriation transition tax, the final impact of the Tax Act may differ from these estimates, due to, among
other things, changes in our interpretations and assumptions, additional guidance that may be issued by the I.R.S., and actions
we may take. BioKey is continuing to gather additional information to determine the final impact.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"></P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">On
June 20, 2018, the FASB issued ASU 2018-07, Compensation &ndash; Stock Compensation (Topic 718): Improvements to Nonemployee Share-Based
Payment Accounting. This new standard simplifies the accounting for share-based payments granted to nonemployees for goods and
services. The standard supersedes ASC 505-50 and expands the scope of ASC 718 to include all share-based payment arrangements
related to the acquisition of goods and services from both nonemployees and employees. As such, among others, the measurement
date for nonemployee awards would generally be the grant date same as the measurement date for employee equity awards and for
performance-based awards, an entity is required to recognize any cost on the basis of the probable outcome of the performance&nbsp;conditions
using the grant-date fair value of the award. ASU 2018-07 is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2018, including
interim periods within those fiscal years. <FONT STYLE="background-color: white">BioKey is continuing to gather additional information
to determine the final impact and</FONT> expects to adopt this guidance when effective.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">On
August 28, 2018, the FASB issued ASU No. 2018-13, Fair Value Measurement (Topic 820): Disclosure Framework &mdash; Changes to
the Disclosure Requirements for Fair Value Measurement. This standard changes the fair value measurement disclosure requirements
of ASC 820. The new standard eliminated certain disclosures, added new disclosures with regard to unrealized gains or losses included
in other comprehensive income for recurring Level 3 fair value measurements held at the end of the reporting period and the range
and weighted average used to develop significant unobservable inputs for Level 3 fair value measurements, as well as modified
certain disclosure. ASU 2018-13 is effective for all entities for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2019, including interim
periods therein. Early adoption is permitted. The ASU requires application of the prospective method of transition for the aforementioned
new disclosure requirements and for modified disclosure with regard to measurement uncertainty while all other amendments made
by the ASU must be applied retrospectively to all periods presented. BioKey is in the process of assessing the impact of this
standard on its financial statements.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>Changes
and disagreements with accountants on accounting and financial disclosure</B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">As
of December 31, 2018, BioKey had no changes in and disagreements with accountants on accounting and financial disclosure.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; background-color: white"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>Quantitative
and Qualitative Disclosures about Market Risks</B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; background-color: white"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Not
applicable.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>


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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B><A NAME="a_016"></A>BUSINESS</B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>Overview</B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>&nbsp;</B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>The
Industry</B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
biotechnology industry focuses on developing breakthrough products and technologies to combat various types of diseases through
efficient industrial manufacturing process. Such industry is an important business sector in the world&rsquo;s economies&nbsp;and
plays a key role in human health. Biotechnology&nbsp;companies generally require large amounts of capital investment for their
research &amp; development activities. It may take up to tens of years to develop and commercialize a new drug or a new medical
device. American BriVision (Holding) Corporation (&ldquo;we&rdquo; or the &ldquo;Company&rdquo;) is an early stage biotechnology
company with a pipeline of six new drugs and one medical device under development, all of which are licensed&nbsp;from related
parties of the Company.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>Business
Overview</B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">We
are a clinical stage biopharmaceutical company focused on utilizing our licensed technology to (i) further the development of
pharmaceutical products with focuses on cancer and central nervous system indications, (ii) target patients that may potentially
respond to such pharmaceutical products and (iii) obtain regulatory approvals for and commercialize such pharmaceutical products
in various markets. Our business model includes the following steps and stages: 1) engaging medical research institutions, such
as Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center (&ldquo;MSKCC&rdquo;) and MD Anderson Cancer Center, to conducting clinical trials of
translational medicine for Proof of Concept (&ldquo;POC&rdquo;) on behalf of the Company; 2) retaining ownership of the research
results by the Company, and 3) out-licensing the research results and data to pharmaceutical companies who will develop the products.
We currently have no revenue generated from clinical research and development of six new drugs and one medical device, which is
our primary business operations. Currently, we concentrate on the research and development of six new drugs licensed to us by
BioLite Inc. (&ldquo;BioLite Taiwan&rdquo;), a subsidiary of the Company. The six new drugs are ABV- 1501 Triple Negative Breast
Cancer, ABV-1504 Major Depressive Disorder, ABV-1505 Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder and Maitake Combination Therapy,
ABV-1703 for the treatment of Pancreatic Cancer, ABV-1702 to treat Myelodysplastic syndromes and ABV-1601&nbsp;Treating Depression
in Cancer Patients. In addition, we are licensed to research and develop a medical device, ABV-1701 Vitargus for the treatments
of Retinal Detachment or Vitreous Hemorrhage, a new medical device licensed from BioFirst Corporation, (&ldquo;BioFirst&rdquo;).
BioFirst is a related party of the Company because a controlling beneficiary shareholder of YuanGene Corporation and the Company
is one of the directors and primary shareholder of BioFirst.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>Consummation
of the Mergers&nbsp;</B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">As
disclosed in a registration statement on <A HREF="http://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/1173313/000121390018009520/fs42018_americanbrivision.htm">Form S-4</A> filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission (the &ldquo;SEC&rdquo;) on
July 23, 2018, as amended from time to time, the Company, BioLite Holding, Inc. (&ldquo;BioLite&rdquo;), BioKey, Inc. (&ldquo;BioKey&rdquo;),
BioLite Acquisition Corp., a direct wholly-owned subsidiary of the Company (&ldquo;Merger Sub 1&rdquo;), and BioKey Acquisition
Corp., a direct wholly-owned subsidiary of the Company (&ldquo;Merger Sub 2&rdquo;) were in the process of completing business
combination pursuant to the Agreement and Plan of Merger (the &ldquo;Merger Agreement&rdquo;) dated as of January 31, 2018 where
ABVC would acquire BioLite and BioKey via issuing additional shates of Common Stock to the shareholders of BioLite and BioKey.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">As
disclosed on a current report on <A HREF="http://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/1173313/000121390019002622/f8k020819_americanbrivision.htm">Form 8-K</A> filed with the SEC on February 14, 2019, on February 8, 2019, the parties to the Merger
Agreement consummated the merger transactions contemplated thereunder. Pursuant to the terms of the Merger Agreement, BioLite
and BioKey have become two wholly-owned subsidiaries of the Company on February 8, 2019. The Company issued an aggregate of approximately
104,558,777 shares of its Common Stock as consideration to the shareholders of BioLite and BioKey pursuant to the registration
statement (the &ldquo;Registration Statement on S-4&rdquo;) on Form S-4, as amended, which became effective by operation of law
on or about February 5, 2019.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"></FONT></P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><I>Our&nbsp;Compounds
Licensed from BioLite</I></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">We
are currently co-developing six new drug candidates with BioLite and BioLite Taiwan. Below is the description of each of the six
new drug candidates.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<TABLE CELLSPACING="0" CELLPADDING="0" STYLE="width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-collapse: collapse">
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="width: 24px; text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 24px; text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">I.</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">ABV-
    1501 Triple Negative Breast Cancer - Combination therapy for Triple Negative Breast Cancer (&ldquo;TNBC&rdquo;)</FONT></TD></TR>
</TABLE>
<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<TABLE CELLSPACING="0" CELLPADDING="0" STYLE="width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-collapse: collapse">
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="width: 48px; text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 24px; text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#9679;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">ABV-
    1501 is developed from BLI-1401-2 whose active pharmaceutical ingredient is Yukiguni Maitake Extract 404. MSKCC conducted
    the Phase I clinical trial of a polysaccharide extract from Grifola frondosa (Maitake mushroom), which is very similar to
    Yukiguni Maitake Extract 404. The Phase I trial focused on Grifola frondosa extract&rsquo;s immunological effects on breast
    cancer patients. The results of the Phase I trial showed that oral administration of a polysaccharide extract from Maitake
    mushroom is associated with both immunologically stimulatory and inhibitory measurable effects in peripheral blood. </FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#9679;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Our
    Investigational New Drug (&ldquo;IND&rdquo;) application of ABV-1501 for the Phase II clinical trials referenced with MSKCC
    Maitake and such Phase II IND was approved in March 2016 by the U.S. FDA.</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#9679;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">We
    are currently collaborating with BHK and in the process to file clinical trial application to the Taiwan FDA (&ldquo;TFDA&rdquo;)
    for conducting this combination therapy trial in Taiwan.</FONT></TD></TR>
</TABLE>
<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<TABLE CELLSPACING="0" CELLPADDING="0" STYLE="width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-collapse: collapse">
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="width: 24px; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 24px; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">II.</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">ABV-1504
    Major Depressive Disorder (&ldquo;MDD&rdquo;)&nbsp;</FONT></TD></TR>
</TABLE>
<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">We
are developing and researching ABV-1504, a botanical reuptake inhibitor that targets norepinephrine. Prior to clinical trials,
we, through BioLite Taiwan, conducted radioligand-binding assay tests on ABV-1504. Radioligand-binding assays are used to characterize
the binding effects of a drug to its target receptor. In the case of ABV-1504, the receptors of radioligand-binding assays are
norepinephrine, dopamine and serotonin. The radioligand-binding assay test on norepinephrine was conducted from May 3 to May 8,
2007 and the radioligand-binding assay test on dopamine and serotonin was administered from November 26 to December 5, 2007. The
result of radioligand-binding assay to norepinephrine of ABV-1504was 2.102 &mu;g/ml of IC50, which indicated ABV-1504&rsquo;s
high inhibitory efficiency on norepinephrine. The results of radioligand-binding assay to dopamine and serotonin were not as good
as to norepinephrine, which indicated lower inhibitory efficiency. Because research has shown that norepinephrine inhibitors can
alleviate the level of depression, our research team saw ABV-1504&rsquo;s potential to treat depression and decided to commence
the clinical trial process of ABV-1504.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">In
2013, ABVC, through BioLite, successfully completed the Phase I clinical trial of ABV-1504. The primary objective of the Phase
I study was to assess the safety profile of ABV-1504. The safety endpoint was assessed based on the results of physical examinations,
vital signs, laboratory data, electrocardiograms (&ldquo;ECG&rdquo;), Columbia-Suicide Severity Rating Scale evaluation and a
number of adverse events during the study period. We began recruiting healthy people as subjects for the Phase I trial in Taiwan
on October 30, 2012. For the Phase I trial, we screened 85 healthy volunteers at the Taipei Veterans General Hospital and eventually
enrolled 30 people as trial subjects. We divided the subjects into four cohort groups and administered ABV-1504oral capsules of
380 mg, 1140 mg, 2280 mg, and 3800 mg to the subjects in each cohort group, respectively. BioLite visited the first subject the
first time on November 13, 2012 and the last subject the last time on July 5, 2013. During the said period, no subject had a serious
adverse event nor discontinued the trial due to any adverse events. ABVC did not observe any clinically significant findings in
physical examinations, vital signs, electrocardiogram, laboratory measurements, and C-SSRS throughout the treatment period. However,
ABVC observed the following mild adverse events: two subjects with flatulence and one subject with constipation in the single-dose
380mg cohort of seven subjects; one subject with somnolence and one subject with stomatitis ulcer in the single-dose 2,280 mg
cohort. Comparatively, two subjects with somnolence and one subject with stomatitis ulcer were observed in the placebo group of
seven subjects. ABVC did not observe any suicidal ideation or behavior throughout the trial period. ABV-1504&rsquo;s Phase I clinical
trial results reflected that the oral administration of ABV-1504 to healthy volunteers was safe and well-tolerated at the dose
levels of from 380 mg to 3,800 mg.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"></FONT></P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">ABVC
received an IND approval to proceed with the Phase II clinical trial of ABV-1504 from the F.D.A. in March 2014 and an IND approval
of its Phase II trial from the Taiwan F.D.A. in June 2014. For the Phase II trial, BioLite administered oral capsules to 72 MDD
patients (the trial subjects) in a randomized, double-blind study with a placebo control group to assess ABV-1504&rsquo;s efficacy
and safety profile, primarily in accordance with the Montgomery-&Aring;sberg Depression Rating Scale (&ldquo;MADRS&rdquo;). ABVC
via BioLite began recruiting Phase II subjects in March 2015 at the following study sites, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Linkou
Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taipei City Hospital-Songde Branch, Tri-Service General Hospital, Wan Fang Hospital and started
recruiting MDD patients at Stanford Depression Research Clinic. The first five sites are in Taiwan and the last one is in the
United States. The primary endpoint of the Phase II trial is to see changes of the subjects&rsquo; MADRS total scores from the
baseline scores of the placebo subjects within the first six weeks. The secondary objectives of the Phase II trial are to evaluate
the efficacy and safety profile of ABV-1504 on other rating scales with secondary endpoints of (i) demonstrating changes in MADRS
total scores from baseline scores within the second to seventh weeks and (ii) showing changes in the total scores on Hamilton
Rating Scale for Depression (HAM-D-17), Hamilton Rating Scale for Anxiety (HAM-A), Depression and Somatic Symptoms Scale (DSSS),
Clinical Global Impression Scale (CGI) from the baseline scores in the second, fourth, sixth and seventh week. ABVC plans to measure
the percentages of partial responders (subjects with a 25% to 50% decrease of total MADRS scores from the baseline score) and
responders (subjects with 50% or more decrease of total MADRS scores from the baseline score) by the second, fourth, sixth and
seventh week. Additionally, ABVC intends to monitor the subjects&rsquo; performance in accordance with the Safety Assessments
and Columbia-Suicide Severity Rating Scale from the screening stage to each subject&rsquo;s last visit as well as to analyze the
differences in the mean changes of MADRS, HAM-D-17, HAM-A, DSSS, CGI and Columbia-Suicide Severity Rating Scale scores of the
subjects administered with ABV-1504 and the placebo group in the second, fourth, sixth and seventh week.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"> As of the date of this prospectus,
ABVC completed the Phase II study of ABV-1504. On May 23, 2019, the Company announced the Phase II clinical study results of
ABV-1504. The clinical study results showed that PDC-1421, the active pharmaceutical ingredient of ABV-1504, met the
pre-specified primary endpoint of the Phase II clinical trial and significantly improved the symptoms of MDD. The Phase II
clinical study was a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, multi-center trial, in which sixty (60) adult patients
with confirmed moderate to severe MDD were treated with PDC-1421 in either low dose (380 mg) or high dose (2 x 380 mg)
compared with placebo administration, three times a day for six weeks. PDC-1421 high dose (2 x 380 mg) met the pre-specified
primary endpoint by demonstrating a highly significant 13.2-point reduction in the Montgomery-&Aring;sberg Depression Rating
Scale (MADRS) total score by Intention-To-Treat (ITT) analysis, averaged over the 6-week treatment period (overall treatment
effect) from baseline, as compared to 9.2-point reduction of the placebo group. By Per-Protocol (PP) analysis, PDC-1421
showed a dose dependent efficacy toward MDD in which high dose (2 x 380 mg) gave 13.4-point reduction in MADRS total score
from baseline and low dose (380 mg) gave 10.4-point reduction as compared to a 8.6-point in the placebo group. Based on the
trial results as set forth above, the Company has decided to use the high dose formula for ABV-1504&rsquo;s Phase III
clinical trial. </P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<TABLE CELLSPACING="0" CELLPADDING="0" STYLE="width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-collapse: collapse">
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="width: 24px; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 24px; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">III.</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">ABV-1505
    Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (&ldquo;ADHD&rdquo;)</FONT></TD></TR>
</TABLE>
<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">We,
via BioLite, developed the ADHD indication from the same API of ABV-1504. Also ABV-1505 shares the similar pharmaceutical mechanism
of action as ABV-1504 in as much as ABV-1505 shows the potential of increasing the level of norepinephrine in the human&rsquo;s
nervous system by inhibiting its reabsorption. Because of ABV-1505&rsquo;s sufficient similarity with ABV-1504, in January 2016
the FDA approved our IND application to conduct ABV-1505&rsquo;s Phase II clinical trial based on its pretrial research and Phase
I trial results of ABV-1504.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"> <FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">For
the Phase II trial, ABVC plans to recruit a maximum number of 105 ADHD patients as trial subjects in the United States, to whom
ABVC intends to administer ABV-1505 oral capsules. ABVC together with its CROs designed a randomized, double-blind dose escalation
study with a placebo-controlled group to assess the efficacy and safety profile of ABV-1505, primarily against the ADHD Rating
Scale-IV (&ldquo;ADHD-RS-IV&rdquo;). The primary endpoint of the Phase II trial is a 40% or higher improvement on the ADHD-RS-IV
from the respective baseline scores within a period of up to eight weeks. The secondary objective is to determine the efficacy
and safety profile of ABV-1505 on other rating scales with secondary endpoints of (i) improvements of the total ADHD symptom scores
from the respective baseline scores on the Conners&rsquo; Adult ADHD Rating Scale-Self Report: Short Version (&ldquo;CAARS-S:S&rdquo;)
18-Item for a treatment period of eight weeks at maximum; and (ii) achievement of scores of two or lower on both the Clinical
Global Impression-ADHD- Severity (&ldquo;CGI-ADHD-S&rdquo;) and Clinical Global Impression-ADHD-Improvement (&ldquo;CGI-ADHD-I&rdquo;)
from the subjects&rsquo; respective baseline scores. As of the date of this prospectus, ABVC was engaging with the Univesity of
California San Fransisco (&ldquo;UCSF&rdquo;) for conducting the Phase II trial which consists of Part I and Part II. Part I clinical
protocol, which is an open trial, has been approved by UCSF IRB Committee and the US FDA and will be initiated in the second quarter
of 2019, subject to our financial resources. We cannot guaranty that ABVC will begin the Part I Phase II clinical study of ABV-1505
as planned.</FONT> </P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"></FONT></P>

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<TABLE CELLSPACING="0" CELLPADDING="0" STYLE="width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-collapse: collapse">
<TR STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="width: 24px; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 24px; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">IV.</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">ABV-1702
    to treat Myelodysplastic syndromes (&ldquo;MDS&rdquo;)</FONT></TD></TR>
</TABLE>
<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Through
BioLite, ABVC started the preparation for ABV-1702&rsquo;s Phase II clinical trials after receiving its IND approval from the
FDA in July 2016. ABVC plans to recruit fifty-two subjects in the United States who are diagnosed with either IPSS int-1, IPSS
int-2 or high risk MDS or CMML and may take azacitidine as part of the subjects&rsquo; prescription. Azacitidine is an FDA-approved
drug used to treat MDS. ABVC intends to administer ABV-1702 in the oral liquid form along with azacitidine. The Phase II trial
is divided into two parts, where Part 1 is to determine the safety and recommended dose level (&ldquo;RDL&rdquo;) of ABV-1702
in combination with azacitidine and Part 2 is to determine whether ABV-1702 under the established RDL reduces bactericidal and
fungicidal infection in the subjects&rsquo; respiratory systems. The primary endpoint of Part 1 Phase II trial is to assess the
safety and RDL profile of ABV-1702 administered with azacitidine by measuring ABV-1702&rsquo;s prohibited toxicity. The secondary
endpoints of Phase II Part 1 are to determine the safety, time-to-first infection after first dose (Day 1) of the first azacitidine
treatment cycle, reduction in treatment requirements and duration of infections, enhancement of immune responses, improvements
of response rates, progression, and survival rates of the subjects under such ABV-1702 - azacitidine combination treatment. The
primary endpoint of Part 2 of Phase II is to determine whether ABV-1702 under the established RDL reduces bactericidal and fungicidal
infection risks in the subjects&rsquo; respiratory systems in combination with azacitidine as compared to the control group with
incidence of infections and incidence/frequency of inpatient hospitalization due to infections. The secondary endpoints of Part
2 of Phase II are to determine the safety, time-to-first infection after first dose (Day 1) of the first azacitidine treatment
cycle, reduction in required dosage and duration of infection, enhancement of immune responses, improvement of response rate,
progression, and survival rates of the subjects under the trial conditions. In April 2016, BioLite submitted a letter to the FDA
in response to its queries with additional information about the proposed Phase II trial.&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">As
of the date of this prospectus, ABVC intends to commence the Phase II clinical trials of ABV-1702 in the fourth quarter of 2019
although neither BioLite nor ABVC can guaranty that the Phase II trial will be initiated as planned. Due to the scarcity of MDS
cases, BioLite applied for the orphan drug designation for ABV-1702 or BLI-1301.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<TABLE CELLSPACING="0" CELLPADDING="0" STYLE="width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-collapse: collapse">
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="width: 24px; text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 24px; text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">V.</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">ABV-1703
    Pancreatic Cancer</FONT></TD></TR>
</TABLE>
<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">ABVC
developed a new indication for Pancreatic Cancer from Maitake Extract, which is named as ABV-1703 and out licensed it to Rgene
for the preparation of its IND application with the FDA. On August 25, 2017, ABV-1703&rsquo;s Phase II trial was approved by FDA.
Pursuant to the ABVC-Rgene Co-development Agreement, ABVC is responsible for coordinating and conducting the clinical trials of
ABV-1703 globally and Rgene is responsible for preparing the related FDA applications. As of the date of this prospectus, we are
engaging Cedars-Sinai Medical Center in the U.S. to conduct the Phase II clinical trial and plan to initiate the Phase II trial
in the fourth quarter of 2019. We plan to submit ABV-1703&rsquo;s Phase II clinical trial IND to the Taiwan FDA after we commence
the clinical trials in the United States.&nbsp;However, there is no guaranty that we would be able to launch the Phase II trials
of ABV-1703 as planned in either the U.S. or Taiwan.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<TABLE CELLSPACING="0" CELLPADDING="0" STYLE="width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-collapse: collapse">
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="width: 24px; text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 24px; text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">VI.</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">ABV-1601&nbsp;Treating
    Depression in Cancer Patients</FONT></TD></TR>
</TABLE>
<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">We
developed the treatment of depression in cancer patient indication from the same API as ABV-1504. In addition, ABV-1601 shares
the similar pharmaceutical mechanism of action of ABV-1504 in as much as ABV-1601 shows the potential of increasing the level
of norepinephrine in human&rsquo;s nervous system by inhibiting its reabsorption. Because of ABV-1601&rsquo;s sufficient similarity
with ABV-1504, the FDA approved our ABV-1601-001 clinical protocol under IND 112567 (the same IND as for ABV-1504) in December
2018.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">For
the Phase II trial, ABVC plans to recruit a maximum number of 54 cancer patients with depression, to whom ABVC intends to administer
ABV-1601 oral capsules. ABVC is engaging the Principal Investigator at Cedars-Sinai Medical Center in the U.S. which designed
a randomized, double-blind dose escalation study with a comparator-controlled group to assess the efficacy and safety profile
of ABV-1601, primarily against Montgomery-&Aring;sberg Depression Rating Scale (MADRS) total score. The primary endpoint of the
Phase II trial is change in MADRS, Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS), and subscales (HADS-A and HADS-D), and Clinical
Global Impression Scale (CGI) total scores from baseline in patients taking PDC-1421 compared to the comparator. As of the date
of this prospectus, the Part I of Phase II clinical protocol, which is an open trial, has been submitted to Cedars-Sinai Medical
Center IRB Committee for review and approval.&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"></FONT></P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<TABLE CELLSPACING="0" CELLPADDING="0" STYLE="width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-collapse: collapse"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; text-align: justify">
<TD STYLE="width: 24px"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 24px; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">VII.</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">ABV-1701
                                         Vitreous Substitute for Vitrectomy and Collaboration Agreement with BioFirst</FONT></TD>
</TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">On
July 24, 2017, BriVision, one of our wholly-owned subsidiaries entered into a collaboration agreement (the &ldquo;BioFirst Agreement&rdquo;)
with BioFirst Corporation (&ldquo;BioFirst&rdquo;), a corporation incorporated under the laws of Taiwan, pursuant to which BioFirst
granted BriVision the global license to co-develop BFC-1401 Vitreous Substitute for Vitrectom (&ldquo;BFC-1401&rdquo;) for medical
purposes. BioFirst is a related party to the Company because BioFirst and Yuangene Corporation (&ldquo;Yuangene&rdquo;), the Company&rsquo;s
controlling shareholder, are under common control, being both controlled by the controlling beneficiary shareholder of Yuangene.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"> According to the BioFirst Agreement, we
are to co-develop and commercialize BFC-1401 or ABV-1701 with BioFirst and are obligated to pay BioFirst $3,000,000 (the &ldquo;Total
Payment&rdquo;) in cash or common stock of BriVision on or before September 30, 2018 in two installments. An upfront payment of
$300,000, representing 10% of the Total Payment due under the Collaboration Agreement, was to be paid upon execution of the BioFirst
Agreement. BriVision is entitled to receive 50% of the future net licensing income or net sales profit when ABV-1701 is sublicensed
or commercialized. On June 30, 2019, the Company and BioFirst entered into a Stock Purchase Agreement (the &ldquo;Purchase Agreement&rdquo;),
pursuant to which the Company
will issue 428,571 shares of the Company&rsquo;s common stock to BioFirst in consideration for $3,000,000
owed by the Company to BioFirst in connection with the BioFirst Collaborative Agreement. For more information about the BioFirst
Agreement and Purchase Agreement, please refer to the current reports on Form
8-K filed on <A HREF="http://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/1173313/000121390017007869/f8k072417_americanbrivision.htm">July 24, 2017</A> and <A HREF="http://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/1173313/000121390019012615/f8k0719_americanbrivision.htm">July 12, 2019</A>. </P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">On
November 7, 2016, the application of Phase I clinical trial prepared and submitted by BioFirst was approved by the Human Research
Ethics Committee, Australia (&ldquo;HREC&rdquo;), and on November 14, 2016, it was approved by the Therapeutic Goods Administration,
Australia (&ldquo;TGA&rdquo;).</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">We
successfully finished the Phase I clinical trial of ABV-1701 at Sydney Retina Clinic and Day Surgery, a clinic located in Sydney,
Australia. This was the only site for this Phase I clinical trial. The trial started on November 17, 2016, and was completed with
positive results in July 2018. The Protocol Title is &ldquo;A Phase I, single center, safety and tolerability study of Vitargus
in the treatment of Retinal Detachment.&rdquo;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
primary endpoint of this Phase I clinical trial was to evaluate the safety and tolerability of a single intravitreal dose of Vitargus
in patients as a vitreous substitute during vitrectomy surgery for retinal detachment. Intravitreal is a route of administration
of a drug or other substance, in which the substance is delivered into the eyes. The secondary endpoint of this Phase I clinical
trial is to assess retinal attachment and Virtagus degradation at day 90 and to assess best corrected visual acuity (&ldquo;BVCA&rdquo;)
after vitrectomy surgery. BVCA refers to the best possible vision a person can achieve. The primary and second endpoints are required
by HREC for the purpose of evaluation of our Phase I clinical trial application. We enrolled an aggregate number of 10 patient
subjects in this trial. On November 17, 2016, we received the approval from the Data and Safety Monitoring Board for the first
subject, and nine more subjects were enrolled thereafter. In this trial, Vitargus was injected into the vitreous cavity of vitrectomised
eyes, whose vitreous gel was removed from the vitreous cavity after a vitrectomy surgery. As of the date of this prospectus, we
were in the process of preparing the final clinical study report for the Phase I trial.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">We
are planning the pivotal study for ABV-1701 which is the next step after the successful completion of the Phase I clinical trial
and the necessary step to obtain the Premarket Approval for this device. The pivotal study for ABV-1701 is designed to be a multi-nation
and multi-site clinical trial involving several countries, including Australia, the U.S.A., Japan, Thailand, Taiwan, and the People&rsquo;s
Republic of China.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>Co-development
Agreement with Rgene</B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">On
May 26, 2017, BriVision entered into a co-development agreement (the &ldquo;Co-Dev Agreement&rdquo;) with Rgene Corporation, a
corporation incorporated under the laws of Taiwan (&ldquo;Rgene&rdquo;), to co-develop and commercialize in the global markets
three new drug products that are ABV-1507 HER2/neu Positive Breast Cancer Combination Therapy, ABV-1511 Pancreatic Cancer Combination
Therapy and ABV-1527 Ovary Cancer Combination Therapy.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"></FONT></P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Pursuant
to the Co-Dev Agreement, Rgene had to pay to the Company $3,000,000 in cash or stock of Rgene with equivalent value by August
15, 2017 in three installments. The payment is for the compensation of BriVision&rsquo;s past research efforts and contributions
made by BriVision before the Co-Dev Agreement was signed and it does not relate to any future commitments made by BriVision and
Rgene in this Co-Dev Agreement. Besides the $3,000,000 payment, the Company is entitled to receive 50% of the future net licensing
income or net sales profit earned by Rgene, if any, and any development cost shall be equally shared by both BriVision and Rgene.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">On
June 1, 2017, the Company delivered all research, technical, data and development data to Rgene. Because both Rgene and the Company
are related parties and under common control, being both controlled by a controlling beneficiary shareholder of Yuangene Corporation
and the Company, the Company has recorded the full amount of $3,000,000 in connection with the Co-Dev Agreement as additional
paid-in capital during the fiscal year ended September 30, 2017. As of the date of this prospectus, the Company received $450,000
in cash and the remaining balance of $2,550,000 in the form of newly issued shares of Rgene&rsquo;s common stock, at the price
of NT$50 (approximately equivalent to $1.60 per share), for an aggregate number of 1,530,000 shares, which were accounted for
as long-term investment as of December 31, 2018. For more information about the Co-Dev Agreement, please refer to the current
report on <A HREF="http://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/1173313/000121390017005978/f8k052617_americanbrivision.htm">Form 8-K</A> we filed on May 30, 2017.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">As
of date of this prospectus, no net licensing income and/or net sales profit have occurred.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>Control
Release Technologies</B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">ABVC
through BioKey, has developed a proprietary control release system that may delay the release of drugs into human bodies at various
controlled paces. ABVC has at least ten more drugs in the Company&rsquo;s development pipeline, such as BK102 Metaxalone to treat
skeletal muscle pain or injury and BK503 Clarithromycin XR for the purpose of treating bacterial infections. In addition to the
existing development pipeline, ABVC is reviewing potential drug candidates for potential licensing and co-development opportunities.
ABVC focuses on the drug candidates that meet one or more of the following criteria:</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0; width: 100%"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; text-align: justify">
<TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#9679;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Niche
                                         market potential;</FONT></TD>
</TR></TABLE>

<TABLE CELLSPACING="0" CELLPADDING="0" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; text-align: justify">
<TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
</TR></TABLE>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0; width: 100%"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; text-align: justify">
<TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#9679;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Reliable
                                         control of API sources with DMF (Drug Master File) readily in place;</FONT></TD>
</TR></TABLE>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0; width: 100%"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; text-align: justify">
<TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
</TR></TABLE>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0; width: 100%"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; text-align: justify">
<TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#9679;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Competitive
                                         pricing for the APIs;</FONT></TD>
</TR></TABLE>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0; width: 100%"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; text-align: justify">
<TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
</TR></TABLE>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0; width: 100%"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; text-align: justify">
<TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#9679;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">High
                                         development barrier;</FONT></TD>
</TR></TABLE>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0; width: 100%"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; text-align: justify">
<TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
</TR></TABLE>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0; width: 100%"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; text-align: justify">
<TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#9679;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Strategic
                                         co-development with distributors; and</FONT></TD>
</TR></TABLE>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0; width: 100%"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; text-align: justify">
<TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
</TR></TABLE>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0; width: 100%"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; text-align: justify">
<TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#9679;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Feasible
                                         with the Company&rsquo;s skill sets and facility capacity</FONT></TD>
</TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>NDA
Products</B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>BK501</B>:
ABVC, through BioKey, has developed a new controlled release dosage form of an immediate release antithrombotic drug which has
high frequency of side effects. We are hoping that BK501 will vastly improve patient compliance by reducing side effects. Through
this joint venture, ABVC will pass portion of the financial burden to our strategic alliance and expand its product market to
Asia.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>BK502</B>:
ABVC, through BioKey, has acquired the exclusive right to the U.S. patent application for BK502 from a Delaware corporation which
has developed a novel multi-component anti-diabetes drug designed to significantly improve both blood glucose and lipid profiles.
This product is based primarily on Metformin, an oral anti-hyperglycemic drug used in the management of non-insulin-dependent
diabetes mellitus, currently marketed by Bristol-Myers Squibb under the trade name of Glucophage. Metformin lowers blood sugar
by keeping the liver from making too much sugar. However, most type 2 diabetics have problems not only with blood sugar but also
with high cholesterol and triglycerides. BK502 is designed to lower not only the blood sugar but also lower the fatty blood components&mdash;triglycerides
and cholesterol in the patient.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>&nbsp;</B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><B></B></FONT></P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><B>&nbsp;</B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>ANDA
Products</B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">ABVC,
through BioKey, has developed a proprietary control release systems that may delay the release of drugs at various controlled
paces. ABVC, through BioKey, has at least ten more drugs in its development pipeline, such as BK503 Clarithromycin XR for the
purpose of treating bacterial infections, BK504 XL for treating depression, and BK509 for lowering cholesterol. In addition to
the existing developments in the pipeline, ABVC constantly reviews potential drug candidates for potential licensing and co-development
opportunities. More candidates screened for the ANDA product pipeline include BK601 for obesity, BK602 for diabetes, BK603 for
hypertension, and BK604 for Schizophrenia and bipolar disorder, etc.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>CDMO
Services</B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">ABVC&rsquo;s
CDMO SBU provides a wide range of services, including API characterization, pre-formulation studies, formulation development,
analytical method development, stability studies, IND/NDA/ANDA/510K submissions, and manufacturing clinical trial materials (from
Phase 1 through Phase 3) and commercial manufacturing of pharmaceutical products.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">ABVC&rsquo;s
CDMO SBU provides a variety of regulatory services tailored to the needs of its customers, which include proofreading and regulatory
review of submission documents related to formulation development, clinical trials, marketed products, generics, nutraceuticals
and OTC products and training presentations. In addition to supporting ABVC&rsquo;s new drug development, ABVC&rsquo;s CDMO SBU
submits INDs, NDAs, ANDAs, and DMFs to the FDA, on behalf of clients, in compliance with new electronic submission guidelines
of the FDA. ABVC provides regulatory consulting services for the entire lifecycle of its clients&rsquo; drug development projects.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>Analytical
Services</B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">ABVC&rsquo;s
analytical laboratory offers HPLC method development and validation, degradation studies, dissolution method development, cleaning
validation and raw material testing. ABVC&rsquo;s experienced chemists and developers adopt analytical assay methods with various
columns (reversed phase, ion chromatography, and size exclusion) and UV and reflective index detectors to analyze pharmaceutical
compounds that feature with or without chromophores. With respect to degradation studies, ABVC&rsquo;s senior laboratory researchers
conduct stressed sample degradation studies to determine potential degradants and impurity profiles. ABVC&rsquo;s degradation
studies generally involve identification process using diode array analysis of peak purity to develop a stability indicating chromatographic
method. In addition, ABVC&rsquo;s researchers and scientists help the clients to develop and perform dissolution profile studies
for immediate release and extended release of finished products (tablets and capsules) in various media and pH buffer solutions
such as simulated intestinal fluid (&ldquo;SIF&rdquo;), simulated gastric fluid (&ldquo;SGF&rdquo;), and acetate. ABVC provides
its clients with services of developing and validating sensitive methods for swab samples and rinsing samples and total organic
carbon to test and evaluate the cleanness of certain pharmaceutical equipment. ABVC&rsquo;s laboratory has the capacity to use
FT-IR to identify materials, such as APIs. ABVC&rsquo;s laboratory may conduct basic physical/chemical testing according to various
methods such as pH, turbidity, density, solubility profile over pH range, melting point, loss on drying, loss on ignition, viscosity
and conductivity testing.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>&nbsp;</B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>Product
Development</B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">ABVC
provides services for formulation and process development of pharmaceutical products. ABVC supports its clients with FDA regulatory
process, including sketches to ANDA, IND, and NDA filings. ABVC endeavors to satisfy the needs of its clients in a time-efficient
and cost-saving manner. ABVC&rsquo;s formulation and process development teams have deep scientific knowledge and extensive experience
in this area. ABVC&rsquo;s highly trained scientists and researchers endeavor to optimize the performance of its clients&rsquo;
products, formulations and processes, using flexible scientific approaches, such as Design of Experiments (&ldquo;DOE&rdquo;)
and Quality by Design (QbD).</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>&nbsp;</B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>GMP
Manufacturing</B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">ABVC
owns a certified GMP manufacturing facility that is qualified to conduct clinical trials from Phase 1 to Phase 3 of drugs in oral
solid dosage forms. ABVC&rsquo;s cGMP manufacturing facility can manufacture the following forms of pharmaceutical products and
processes for its clients: direct API or blend fill-in capsules, manual and automated encapsulation, wet granulation or tray drying
process, tablet compression and coating process, packaging solid dosage forms for ANDA and IND submission.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"></FONT></P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">ABVC&rsquo;s
GMP facility consists of the GMP suite, product development area, analytical laboratory, food processing area, caged area and
receiving area. The facility was established in December 2008 and received its first drug manufacturing license in June 2009.
ABVC&rsquo;s current drug manufacturing license allows it to manufacture drugs thereon until the expiration of such license on
December 2, 2019. ABVC plans to renew its drug manufacturing license in a timely manner before its expiration.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>&nbsp;</B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>Market
Opportunity and Growth Strategy/Business Plan</B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>&nbsp;</B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">ABVC&rsquo;s
research and development department aims to translate the laboratory research results to new drug candidates ready for Phase III
clinical trials together with its CDMO SBU. Botanical products may be classified as foods, dietary supplements, drugs, medical
devices or cosmetics, depending on their &ldquo;intended use.&rdquo; There is a fine line separating drugs from foods and dietary
supplements. We focus primarily on developing botanical drugs, which by definition are intended for use in the diagnosis, cure,
mitigation or treatment of disease in humans. Together with ABVC&rsquo;s strategic partners, it plans to market, distribute and
sell its drug products internationally, in areas such as the United States, Canada and Japan. ABVC needs to have the drug candidates
comply with the local authorities regulating drugs and foods, for example the FDA and the Taiwan Food and Drug Administration
(&ldquo;TFDA&rdquo;), in order to market our drug products in the respective areas. Currently, a lot of countries follow the International
Council for Harmonization of Technical Requirements for Registration of Pharmaceuticals for Human Use (the &ldquo;ICH&rdquo;)
guidelines that are published by the European Medicines to provide guidance on quality and safety of pharmaceutical development
and new drug commercialization among Japan, the United States and Europe. Based on ABVC&rsquo;s new drug development experience,
ABVC made a strategic decision to have its drug candidates go through the FDA process for new drug development first and then
seek regulatory approvals on the FDA approved drugs from the authorities equivalent to the FDA in the jurisdictions where ABVC
plans to market its new drug products.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>Intellectual
Property</B>&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
new drug candidates are dependent on, or are the subject of the following patents and patent applications.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"></P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom">
    <TD STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid">No.</TD><TD STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid">Status</TD><TD STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid">Patent
    No.</TD><TD STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid">Patent
    Starting Date</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid"><P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; text-align: center; margin-bottom: 0pt"><B>Patent
                                         Expiration</B></P> <P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; text-align: center; margin-bottom: 0pt"><B>Date</B></P></TD><TD STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid">Patent
    Name</TD><TD STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid">Territory</TD><TD STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>Patent</B></FONT><BR>
    <FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>Owner<SUP>(1)(2)</SUP></B></FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="width: 4%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center">1</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 10%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center">granted</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 10%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center">6911222</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 10%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center">6/28/2005</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 10%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center">1/10/2022</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 29%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center">Anti-depression Pharmaceutical Composition
    Containing Polygala Extract, Part 1</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 10%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center">The U.S.</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 10%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center">MPITDC</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center">2</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center">granted</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center">7175861</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center">2/13/2007</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center">1/10/2022</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center">Anti-depression Pharmaceutical Composition Containing
    Polygala Extract, Part 2</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center">The U.S.</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center">MPITDC</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center">3</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center">granted</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center">7179496</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center">2/20/2007</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center">1/10/2022</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center">Anti-depression Pharmaceutical Composition Containing
    Polygala Extract, Part 3</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center">The U.S.</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center">MPITDC</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center">4</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center">granted</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center">7223425</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center">5/29/2007</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center">1/10/2022</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center">Anti-depression Pharmaceutical Composition Containing
    Polygala Extract, Part 4</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center">The U.S.</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center">MPITDC</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center">5</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center">granted</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center">0001337647</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center">1/31/2007</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center">1/10/2022</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center">Anti-depression Pharmaceutical Composition Containing
    Polygala Extract</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center">Italy</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center">MPITDC</TD></TR>

<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; width: 4%">6</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 1%">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; width: 10%">granted</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 1%">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; width: 10%">CH693499</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 1%">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; width: 10%">&nbsp;9/15/2003</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 1%">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; width: 10%">1/10/2022</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 1%">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; width: 29%">Anti-depression Pharmaceutical Composition
    Containing Polygala Extract</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 1%">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; width: 10%">Switzerland</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 1%">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; width: 10%">MPITDC</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center">7</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center">granted</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center">10220149</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center">&nbsp;4/26/2007</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center">1/10/2022</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center">Anti-depression Pharmaceutical Composition Containing
    Polygala Extract</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center">Germany</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center">MPITDC</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center">8</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center">granted</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center">GB2383951</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center">&nbsp;6/7/2006</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center">1/10/2022</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center">Anti-depression Pharmaceutical Composition Containing
    Polygala Extract</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center">United Kingdom</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center">MPITDC</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center">9</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center">granted</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center">4109907</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center">6/6/2002</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center">6/5/2022</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center">Anti-depression Pharmaceutical Composition Containing
    Polygala Extract</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center">Japan</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center">MPITDC</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center">10</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center">granted</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center">FR2834643</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center">&nbsp;7/18/2003</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center">1/10/2022</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center">Anti-depression Pharmaceutical Composition Containing
    Polygala Extract</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center">France</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center">MPITDC</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center">11</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center">granted</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center">I295576</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center">4/11/2008</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center">1/10/2022</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center">Anti-depression Pharmaceutical Composition Containing
    Polygala Extract</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center">Taiwan</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center">MPITDC</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center">12</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center">granted</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; white-space: nowrap">DE202007003503 U1</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center">8/23/2007</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center">9/20/2026</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center">Novel Polygalatenosides and use thereof as an
    antidepressant agent</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center">Germany</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center">MPITDC</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center">13</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center">granted</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center">7531519</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center">5/12/2009</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center">9/20/2026</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center">Novel Polygalatenosides and use thereof as an
    antidepressant agent</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center">The U.S.</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center">MPITDC</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center">14</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center">granted</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center">4620652</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center">11/20/2006</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center">11/19/2026</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center">Novel Polygalatenosides and use thereof as an
    antidepressant agent</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center">Japan</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center">MPITDC</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center">15</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center">granted</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center">I 314453</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center">9/21/2006</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center">9/20/2026</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center">Novel Polygalatenosides and use thereof as an
    antidepressant agent</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center">Taiwan</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center">MPITDC</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center">16</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center">granted</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center">I389713</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center">3/21/2013</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center">10/13/2030</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Cross-linked
    oxidized hyaluronic acid for use as a vitreous substitute <B><SUP>(3)</SUP></B></FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center">Taiwan</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center">NHRI</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center">17</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center">granted</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center">US 8197849 B2</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center">6/12/2012</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center">8/30/2030</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center">Cross-linked oxidized hyaluronic acid for use
    as a vitreous substitute</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center">The U.S.</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center">NHRI</TD></TR>
</TABLE>

<P STYLE="margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>

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<P STYLE="margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; width: 4%">18</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 1%">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; width: 10%">granted</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 1%">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; width: 10%">AU 2011/215775 B2</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 1%">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; width: 10%">4/17/2014</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 1%">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; width: 10%">2/9/2031</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 1%">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; width: 29%">Cross-linked oxidized hyaluronic acid
    for use as a vitreous substitute</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 1%">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; width: 10%">Australia</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 1%">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; width: 10%">NHRI</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center">19</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center">granted</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center">KR 10-1428898</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center">8/4/2014</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center">2/9/2031</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center">Cross-linked oxidized hyaluronic acid for use
    as a vitreous substitute</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center">Korea</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center">NHRI</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center">20</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center">granted</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center">CA 2786911 (C)</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center">10/6/2015</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center">2/10/2031</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center">Cross-linked oxidized hyaluronic acid for use
    as a vitreous substitute</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center">Canada</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center">NHRI</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center">21</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center">granted</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center">WO2011100469 A1</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">N/A<SUP>(4)</SUP></FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">N/A<SUP>(4)</SUP></FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center">Cross-linked oxidized hyaluronic acid for use
    as a vitreous substitute</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center">PCT</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center">NHRI</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center">22</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center">granted</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center">EP 2534200</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center">4/8/2015</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center">2/9/2031</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center">Cross-linked oxidized hyaluronic acid for use
    as a vitreous substitute</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center">European Union (Germany, United Kingdom, France,
    Switzerland, Spain, Italy)</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center">NHRI</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center">23</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center">granted</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center">&#29305;&#35377;&#31532; 5885349&#34399;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center">2/9/2011</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center">2/9/2031</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center">Cross-linked oxidized hyaluronic acid for use
    as a vitreous substitute</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center">Japan</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center">NHRI</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center">24</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center">granted</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center">ZL 201180005494.7</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center">12/24/2014</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center">2/9/2031</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Cross-linked
    oxidized hyaluronic acid for use as a vitreous substitute<B><SUP>(3)</SUP></B></FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center">China</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center">NHRI</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center">25</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center">granted</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center">HK1178188</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center">3/6/2015</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center">6/21/2030</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Cross-linked
    oxidized hyaluronic acid for use as a vitreous substitute<B><SUP>(3)</SUP></B></FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Hong
    Kong<SUP>&nbsp;(5)&nbsp;</SUP></FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center">NHRI</TD></TR>
</TABLE>



<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0; width: 100%"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; text-align: justify">
<TD STYLE="width: 0"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(1)</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&ldquo;MPITDC&rdquo;
stands for Medical and Pharmaceutical Industry Technology and Development Center, Taiwan.</FONT></TD>
</TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0; width: 100%"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; text-align: justify">
<TD STYLE="width: 0"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(2)</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&ldquo;NHRI&rdquo;
stands for National Health Research Institutes, Taiwan.</FONT></TD>
</TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0; width: 100%"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; text-align: justify">
<TD STYLE="width: 0"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(3)</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
patent name is translated into English and the original patent name is written as &ldquo;&#20132;&#32852;&#27687;&#21270;&#36879;&#26126;&#36136;&#37240;&#20316;&#20026;&#30524;&#29699;&#29627;&#29827;&#20307;&#20043;&#26367;&#20195;&#29289;.&rdquo;</FONT></TD>
</TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0; width: 100%"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; text-align: justify">
<TD STYLE="width: 0"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(4)</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
starting date and expiration date of patents under PTC are subject to the laws of the specific participating jurisdiction where
the patent application is filed. We have subsequently submitted such patent to the jurisdictions listed in No.22 herein above.</FONT></TD>
</TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0; width: 100%"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; text-align: justify">
<TD STYLE="width: 0"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(5)</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">NHRI
has obtained standard patent in Hong Kong based on the registration of the patent (listed as No.24 herein) granted by the State
Intellectual Property Office, People&rsquo;s Republic of China.</FONT></TD>
</TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"></P>

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    <DIV STYLE="page-break-before: always; margin-top: 6pt; margin-bottom: 10pt"><P STYLE="margin: 0pt">&nbsp;</P></DIV>
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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>Corporate
History and Structure</B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">ABVC
was incorporated under the laws of the State of Nevada on February 6, 2002 and has three wholly-owned Subsidiaries: BriVision,
BioLite Holding, Inc. and BioKey, Inc. BriVision was incorporated in July 2015 in the State of Delaware and is in the business
of developing pharmaceutical products in North America.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">BioLite
Holding was incorporated under the laws of the State of Nevada on July 27, 2016, with 500,000,000 shares authorized, par value
$0.0001. Its key Subsidiaries include BioLite BVI, Inc. (&ldquo;BioLite BVI&rdquo;) that was incorporated in the British Virgin
Islands on September 13, 2016 and BioLite Inc. (&ldquo;BioLite Taiwan&rdquo;), a Taiwanese corporation that was founded in February
2006. BioLite Taiwan has been in the business of developing new drugs for over twelve years. Certain shareholders of BioLite Taiwan
exchanged approximately 73% of equity securities in BioLite Taiwan for the Common Stock in BioLite Holding in accordance with
a share purchase/ exchange agreement (the &ldquo;Share Purchase/ Exchange Agreement&rdquo;). As a result, BioLite Holding owns
via BioLite BVI approximately 73% of BioLite Taiwan. The other shareholders who did not enter this Share Purchase/ Exchange Agreement
retain their equity ownership in BioLite Taiwan.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Incorporated
in California on November 20, 2000, BioKey has chosen to initially focus on developing generic drugs to ride the opportunity of
the booming industry.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Upon
closing of the Mergers on February 8, 2019, BioLite and BioKey became two wholly-owned subsidiaries of ABVC.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
following chart illustrates the corporate structure of ABVC:</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>&nbsp;<IMG SRC="img_003.jpg" ALT="" STYLE="width: 450px; height: 336px"></B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>Competition</B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
healthcare industry is highly competitive and subject to significant and rapid technological change as researchers learn more
about diseases and develop new technologies and treatments. Significant competitive factors in our industry include product efficacy
and safety; quality and breadth of an organization&rsquo;s technology; skill of an organization&rsquo;s employees and its ability
to recruit and retain key employees; timing and scope of regulatory approvals; the average selling price of products; the availability
of raw materials and qualified manufacturing capacity; manufacturing costs; intellectual property and patent rights and their
protection; and our capabilities of securing competent collaborators. Market acceptance of our current products and product candidates
will depend on a number of factors, including: (i) potential advantages over existing or alternative therapies or tests, (ii)
the actual or perceived safety of similar classes of products, (iii) the effectiveness of sales, marketing, and distribution capabilities,
and (iv) the scope of any approval provided by the FDA or foreign regulatory authorities.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">We
are a very small biopharmaceutical company compared to other companies that we are competing against. Our current and potential
competitors include large pharmaceutical and biotechnology companies, and specialty pharmaceutical and generic drug companies.
Many of our current and potential competitors have substantially greater financial, technical and human resources than we do and
significantly more experience in the marketing, commercialization, discovery, development and regulatory approvals of products,
which could place us at a significant competitive disadvantage or deny us marketing exclusivity rights. Typically, our competitors
will most likely have more capital resources to support their products than we do.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">We
anticipate that we will face intense and increasing competition when and as our new drug candidates enter the markets, as advanced
technologies become available and as generic forms of currently branded products become available. Finally, the development of
new treatment methods for the diseases we are targeting could render our products non-competitive or obsolete.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"></FONT></P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">We
cannot assure you that any of our new drug candidates that we successfully develop will be clinically superior or scientifically
preferable to products developed or introduced by our competitors.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
following chart lists representative biopharmaceutical companies that research, develop, commercialize, distribute or sell drugs
that are in competition with our drug candidates. Please be advised that this list does not necessarily include all competitors
of ours.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<TABLE CELLSPACING="0" CELLPADDING="0" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse">
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: white; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="width: 31%; border-bottom: black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>Disease</B></FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 1%; text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 28%; border-bottom: black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>Drug
    Name</B></FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 1%; text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 28%; border-bottom: black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>Pharmaceutical
    </B><BR>
    <B>Companies</B></FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 1%; text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 10%; border-bottom: black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>Headquarters</B></FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="background-color: #CCEEFF; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: top; text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>Major
    Depressive Disorder</B></FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: top; text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Cymbalta
    oral</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: top; text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Eli
    Lilly and Co., Inc.</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: top; text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">IN</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="background-color: #CCEEFF; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: top; text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: top; text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Lexapro
    oral</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: top; text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Forest
    Laboratories, Inc.</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: top; text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">NJ</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="background-color: #CCEEFF; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: top; text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: top; text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: top; text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Pfizer
    Pharmaceuticals, Inc.</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: top; text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">CT</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="background-color: white; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: top; text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: top; text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: top; text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: top; text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="background-color: #CCEEFF; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: top; text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>Attention-Deficit
    </B></FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: top; text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Adderall
    XR</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: top; text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Shire
    Development LLC</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: top; text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">MA</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="background-color: #CCEEFF; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: top; text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>Hyperactivity
    Disease</B></FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: top; text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Ritalin</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: top; text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Novartis
    Pharmaceuticals Corporation</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: top; text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">NJ</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="background-color: #CCEEFF; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: top; text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: top; text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Dexedrine</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: top; text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Amedra
    Pharmaceuticals LLC</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: top; text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">PA</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="background-color: white; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: top; text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: top; text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: top; text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: top; text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="background-color: #CCEEFF; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: top; text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>Myelodysplastic</B></FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: top; text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Vidaza</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: top; text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Celgene
    Corporation</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: top; text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">NJ</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="background-color: #CCEEFF; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: top; text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>Syndromes</B></FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: top; text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Dacogen</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: top; text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Astex
    Pharmaceuticals, Inc.</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: top; text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">CA</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="background-color: white; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: top; text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: top; text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: top; text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: top; text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="background-color: #CCEEFF; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: top; text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>Triple
    Negative Breast Cancer</B></FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: top; text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Avastin</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: top; text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Genentech,
    Inc.</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: top; text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">CA</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="background-color: #CCEEFF; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: top; text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: top; text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Erbitux
    (Cetuximab)</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: top; text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">ImClone
    Systems Incorporated</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: top; text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">NY</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="background-color: white; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: top; text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: top; text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: top; text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: top; text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="background-color: #CCEEFF; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: top; text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>Pancreatic
    Cancer</B></FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: top; text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Abraxane,
    Abraxis BioScience LLC</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: top; text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Los
    Angeles</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: top; text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">CA</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="background-color: #CCEEFF; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: top; text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: top; text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Novartis
    Pharma Stein AG</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: top; text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Stein</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: top; text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Switzerland</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="background-color: white; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: top; text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: top; text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: top; text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: top; text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="background-color: #CCEEFF; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: top; text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>Vitargus
    for the treatments</B></FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: top; text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Alcon
    Laboratories, Inc.</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: top; text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Fort
    Worth</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: top; text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">TX</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="background-color: #CCEEFF; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>of
        Retinal Detachment or</B></FONT></P>
        <P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>Vitreous
        Hemorrhage</B></FONT></P></TD>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: top; text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Arcadophta</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: top; text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Toulouse</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: top; text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">France</FONT></TD></TR>
</TABLE>
<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>Competitive
Advantages</B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">We
believe that our drug candidates possess their respective competitive advantages over other therapeutic products that are currently
available. However, due to limited information and resources, we cannot compare our drug candidates with all other drug candidates
under development and research by other research institutions and/or biopharmaceutical companies.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
competitive advantages of our business model include:</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">1.
Once we successfully complete POC of any product in the pipeline, we will seek strategic partners, such as respected pharmaceutical
companies in the United States and boutique qualified clinics, to co-develop such mature product. In consideration for our licensing
of the mature product, we expect to receive capital which we plan to use for our research and development of other products in
the pipeline or selection of other new drugs or medical devices.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">2.
Sublicensing our products that pass Phase II clinic trials to other pharmaceutical companies saves us the time and resources to
conduct Phase III clinical trials and provides a quicker return on our investment in our products.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">3.
We have new drug products related to central nervous system, cancers and autoimmune and one new medical device for vitreous substitutes
under development. This development portfolio diversifies our research risks by focusing on three different medical fields.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"></FONT></P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">We
are currently negotiating with potential medical center partners regarding conducting clinical trials on certain compounds in
our pipeline. However, we cannot provide any assurance that we will find a qualified medical center to conduct clinical trials
of any of our new drug products or enter into a definitive licensing agreement with any pharmaceutical companies.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>Government
Regulations</B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">While
ABVC is developing pharmaceutical candidates as of the date of this prospectus, it may in the future acquire more proprietary
technologies to expand its drug candidate portfolio. Currently, ABVC is focusing on the research and development ofseven therapeutic
candidates in the fields of CNS, oncology/hematology and autoimmune, for which regulatory approval must be received before it
can market and sell them. In addition, our c-GMP facility is subject to review by the FDA. Regulatory approval processes and FDA
regulations for ABVC&rsquo;s current and any future product candidates are discussed below.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B><I>Approval
Process for Pharmaceutical Products</I></B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><I>FDA
Approval Process for Pharmaceutical Products</I></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">In
the U.S., pharmaceutical products are subject to extensive regulation by the FDA. The Federal Food, Drug and Cosmetic Act (the
&ldquo;FDC Act&rdquo;), and other federal and state statutes and regulations, govern, among other things, the research, development,
testing, manufacture, storage, recordkeeping, approval, labeling, promotion and marketing, distribution, post-approval monitoring
and reporting, sampling, and import and export of pharmaceutical products. Failure to comply with applicable U.S. requirements
may subject a company to a variety of administrative or judicial sanctions, such as FDA refusal to approve pending NDAs, warning
letters, product recalls, product seizures, total or partial suspension of production or distribution, injunctions, fines, civil
penalties, and criminal prosecution. Pharmaceutical product development in the U.S. typically involves the performance of satisfactory
nonclinical, also referred to as pre-clinical, laboratory and animal studies under the FDA&rsquo;s Good Laboratory Practice, or
GLP, regulation, the development and demonstration of manufacturing processes, which conform to FDA mandated current good manufacturing
requirements, or cGMPs, including a quality system regulating manufacturing, the submission and acceptance of an IND application,
which must become effective before human clinical trials may begin in the U.S., obtaining the approval of Institutional Review
Boards, or IRBs, at each site where we plan to conduct a clinical trial to protect the welfare and rights of human subjects in
clinical trials, adequate and well-controlled clinical trials to establish the safety and effectiveness of the drug for each indication
for which FDA approval is sought, and the submission to the FDA for review and approval of an NDA. Satisfaction of FDA requirements
typically takes many years and the actual time required may vary substantially based upon the type, complexity, and novelty of
the product or disease.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Pre-clinical
tests generally include laboratory evaluation of a product candidate, its chemistry, formulation, stability and toxicity, as well
as certain animal studies to assess its potential safety and efficacy. Results of these pre-clinical tests, together with chemistry,
manufacturing controls and analytical data and the clinical trial protocol, which details the objectives of the trial, the parameters
to be used in monitoring safety, and the effectiveness criteria to be evaluated, along with other requirements must be submitted
to the FDA as part of an IND, which must become effective before human clinical trials can begin. The entire clinical trial and
its protocol must be in compliance with what are referred to as good clinical practice, or GCP, requirements. The term, GCP, is
used to refer to various FDA laws and regulations, as well as international scientific standards intended to protect the rights,
health and safety of patients, define the roles of clinical trial sponsors and assure the integrity of clinical trial data.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">An
IND automatically becomes effective 30 days after receipt by the FDA, unless the FDA, within the 30-day time period, raises concerns
or questions about the intended conduct of the trials and imposes what is referred to as a clinical hold. Pre-clinical studies
generally take several years to complete, and there is no guarantee that an IND based on those studies will become effective,
allowing clinical testing to begin. In addition to FDA review of an IND, each medical site that desires to participate in a proposed
clinical trial must have the protocol reviewed and approved by an independent IRB or Ethics Committee, or EC. The IRB considers,
among other things, ethical factors, and the selection and safety of human subjects. Clinical trials must be conducted in accordance
with the FDA&rsquo;s GCP requirements. The FDA and/or IRB may order the temporary, or permanent, discontinuation of a clinical
trial or that a specific clinical trial site be halted at any time, or impose other sanctions for failure to comply with requirements
under the appropriate entity jurisdiction.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"></FONT></P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Clinical
trials to support NDAs for marketing approval are typically conducted in three sequential phases, but the phases may overlap.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">In
Phase 1 clinical trials, a product candidate is typically introduced either into healthy human subjects or patients with the medical
condition for which the new drug is intended to be used. The main purpose of the trial is to assess a product candidate&rsquo;s
safety and the ability of the human body to tolerate the product candidate. Phase 1 clinical trials generally include less than
50 subjects or patients.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">During
Phase 2 trials, a product candidate is studied in an exploratory trial or trials in a limited number of patients with the disease
or medical condition for which it is intended to be used in order to: (i) further identify any possible adverse side effects and
safety risks, (ii) assess the preliminary or potential efficacy of the product candidate for specific target diseases or medical
conditions, and (iii) assess dosage tolerance and determine the optimal dose for Phase 3 trials.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Phase
3 trials are generally undertaken to demonstrate clinical efficacy and to further test for safety in an expanded patient population
with the goal of evaluating the overall risk-benefit relationship of the product candidate. Phase 3 trials are generally designed
to reach a specific goal or endpoint, the achievement of which is intended to demonstrate the candidate product&rsquo;s clinical
efficacy and adequate information for labeling of the approved drug.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
FDA has 60 days from its receipt of an NDA to determine whether the application will be accepted for filing based on the FDA&rsquo;s
threshold determination that it is sufficiently complete to permit substantive review. Once the submission is accepted for filing,
the FDA begins an in-depth review. The FDA has agreed to certain performance goals in the review of NDAs. Most applications for
standard review drug products are reviewed within ten months; most applications for priority review drugs are reviewed within
six months. Priority review can be applied to drugs that the FDA determines offer major advances in treatment, or provide a treatment
where no adequate therapy exists. The review process for both standard and priority review may be extended by the FDA for three
additional months to consider certain late-submitted information, or information intended to clarify information already provided
in the submission. The FDA may also refer applications for novel drug products, or drug products which present difficult questions
of safety or efficacy, to an advisory committee&nbsp;&mdash;&nbsp;typically a panel that includes clinicians and other experts&nbsp;&mdash;&nbsp;for
review, evaluation, and a recommendation as to whether the application should be approved. The FDA is not bound by the recommendation
of an advisory committee, but it generally follows such recommendations. Before approving an NDA, the FDA will typically inspect
one or more clinical sites to assure compliance with GCP. Additionally, the FDA will inspect the facility or the facilities at
which the drug is manufactured. The FDA will not approve the product unless compliance with cGMPs is satisfactory and the NDA
contains data that provide substantial evidence that the drug is safe and effective in the indication studied.&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">After
the FDA evaluates the NDA and the manufacturing facilities, it issues either an approval letter or a complete response letter.
A complete response letter generally outlines the deficiencies in the submission and may require substantial additional testing
or information in order for the FDA to reconsider the application. If and when those deficiencies have been addressed to the FDA&rsquo;s
satisfaction in a resubmission of the NDA, the FDA will issue an approval letter. The FDA has committed to reviewing such resubmissions
in two or six months depending on the type of information included. An approval letter authorizes commercial marketing of the
drug with specific prescribing information for specific indications. As a condition of NDA approval, the FDA may require a risk
evaluation and mitigation strategy, or REMS, to help ensure that the benefits of the drug outweigh the potential risks.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">REMS
can include medication guides, communication plans for healthcare professionals, and elements to assure safe use, or ETASU. ETASU
can include, but are not limited to, special training or certification for prescribing or dispensing, dispensing only under certain
circumstances, special monitoring, and the use of patient registries. The requirement for a REMS can materially affect the potential
market and profitability of the drug. Moreover, product approval may require substantial post-approval testing and surveillance
to monitor the drug&rsquo;s safety or efficacy. Once granted, product approvals may be withdrawn if compliance with regulatory
standards is not maintained or problems are identified following initial marketing.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"></FONT></P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><I>Post-Approval
Regulations</I></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Even
if a product candidate receives regulatory approval, the approval is typically limited to specific clinical indications. Further,
even after regulatory approval is obtained, subsequent discovery of previously unknown problems with a product may result in restrictions
on its use or even complete withdrawal of the product from the market. Any FDA-approved products manufactured or distributed by
us are subject to continuing regulation by the FDA, including record-keeping requirements and reporting of adverse events or experiences.
Further, drug manufacturers and their subcontractors are required to register their establishments with the FDA and state agencies,
and are subject to periodic inspections by the FDA and state agencies for compliance with cGMPs, which impose rigorous procedural
and documentation requirements upon us and our contract manufacturers. ABVC cannot be certain that ABVC or its present or future
contract manufacturers or suppliers will be able to comply with cGMPs regulations and other FDA regulatory requirements. Failure
to comply with these requirements may result in, among other things, total or partial suspension of production activities, failure
of the FDA to grant approval for marketing, and withdrawal, suspension, or revocation of marketing approvals.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">If
the FDA approves one or more of our product candidates, ABVC must provide certain updated safety and efficacy information. Product
changes, as well as certain changes in the manufacturing process or facilities where the manufacturing occurs or other post-approval
changes may necessitate additional FDA review and approval. The labeling, advertising, promotion, marketing and distribution of
a drug must be in compliance with FDA and Federal Trade Commission, or FTC, requirements which include, among others, standards
and regulations for direct-to-consumer advertising, off-label promotion, industry sponsored scientific and educational activities,
and promotional activities involving the Internet. The FDA and FTC have very broad enforcement authority, and failure to abide
by these regulations can result in penalties, including the issuance of a warning letter directing us to correct deviations from
regulatory standards and enforcement actions that can include seizures, fines, injunctions and criminal prosecution.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><I>Foreign
Regulatory Approval</I></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Outside
of the U.S., ABVC&rsquo;s ability to market our product candidates will be contingent also upon its receiving marketing authorizations
from the appropriate foreign regulatory authorities, whether or not FDA approval has been obtained. The foreign regulatory approval
process in most industrialized countries generally encompasses risks similar to those ABVC will encounter in the FDA approval
process. The requirements governing conduct of clinical trials and marketing authorizations, and the time required to obtain requisite
approvals, may vary widely from country to country and differ from those required for FDA approval.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">ABVC
will be subject to additional regulations in other countries in which we market, sell and import our products, including Canada.
ABVC or its distributors must receive all necessary approvals or clearance prior to marketing and/or importing our products in
those markets.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><I>Other
Regulatory Matters</I></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Manufacturing,
sales, promotion and other activities following product approval are also subject to regulation by numerous regulatory authorities
in addition to the FDA, including, in the U.S., the Centers for Medicare &amp; Medicaid Services, other divisions of the Department
of Health and Human Services, the Drug Enforcement Administration, the Consumer Product Safety Commission, the Federal Trade Commission,
the Occupational Safety &amp;Health Administration, the Environmental Protection Agency and state and local governments. In the
U.S., sales, marketing and scientific/educational programs must also comply with state and federal fraud and abuse laws. Pricing
and rebate programs must comply with the Medicaid rebate requirements of the U.S. Omnibus Budget Reconciliation Act of 1990 and
more recent requirements in the Health Care Reform Law, as amended by the Health Care and Education Affordability Reconciliation
Act, or ACA. If products are made available to authorized users of the Federal Supply Schedule of the General Services Administration,
additional laws and requirements apply. The handling of any controlled substances must comply with the U.S. Controlled Substances
Act and Controlled Substances Import and Export Act. Products must meet applicable child-resistant packaging requirements under
the U.S. Poison Prevention Packaging Act. Manufacturing, sales, promotion and other activities are also potentially subject to
federal and state consumer protection and unfair competition laws.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"></FONT></P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
distribution of pharmaceutical products is subject to additional requirements and regulations, including extensive recordkeeping,
licensing, storage and security requirements intended to prevent the unauthorized sale of pharmaceutical products.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
failure to comply with regulatory requirements subjects firms to possible legal or regulatory action. Depending on the circumstances,
failure to meet applicable regulatory requirements can result in criminal prosecution, fines, imprisonment or other penalties,
injunctions, recall or seizure of products, total or partial suspension of production, denial or withdrawal of product approvals,
or refusal to allow a firm to enter into supply contracts, including government contracts. In addition, even if a firm complies
with FDA and other requirements, new information regarding the safety or effectiveness of a product could lead the FDA to modify
or withdraw product approval. Prohibitions or restrictions on sales or withdrawal of future products marketed by us could materially
affect our business in an adverse way.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Changes
in regulations, statutes or the interpretation of existing regulations could impact our business in the future by requiring, for
example: (i) changes to our manufacturing arrangements; (ii) additions or modifications to product labeling; (iii) the recall
or discontinuation of our products; or (iv) additional record-keeping requirements. If any such changes were to be imposed, they
could adversely affect the operation of our business.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>&nbsp;</B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>Properties</B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">During
the fiscal years ended December 31, 2017 and 2018, ABVC leased its office at the address of 11 Sawyers Peak Drive, Goshen, NY
10924, which is approximately 1,000 square feet without rental expenses. On October 2, 2018, ABVC entered into a sublease agreement
with BioKey pursuant to which ABVC leases one office, 110B, for a total rent of $800 per month, utilities included. ABVC and BioKey
may terminate the sublease agreement with one month notice. ABVC and BriVision operate together at the office sublet from BioKey.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">BioLite
has its laboratories located in Hsinchu Biomedical Science Park, with an address of 20, Sec. 2, Shengyi Rd., 2<SUP>nd</SUP> Floor,
Zhubei City, Hsinchu County 302, Taiwan (R.O.C.). BioLite rented its office from Lion Art Promotion Inc. (&ldquo;LION&rdquo;),
a related party of BioLite and its lease is renewable annually. BioLite paid $37,592 for the years ended December 31, 2017, respectively.
The lease from LION was terminated on March 31, 2018 and BioLite paid $9,553 for the twelve months ended December 31, 2018.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">On
January 1, 2015, BioLite Taiwan entered into a lease agreement with the National Science Park Administrative Office (Hsinchu City)
under which it rents two dormitory buildings in Hsinchu City, Taiwan for a period of five years. The rent increases by a small
percentage each year during the term of the lease agreement. During the fiscal years of 2018 and 2017, BioLite paid approximately
$29,200 and $29,200, respectively, and for the three months ended March 31, 2019, BioLite Taiwan paid approximately $7,300 under
the lease for the dormitories. In addition, BioLite Taiwan leases four spaces as its laboratories in Hsinchu City, Taiwan. BioLite
Taiwan and the National Science Park Administrative Office (Hsinchu City) entered into four five-year term leases which commenced
respectively on May 12, 2014, January 1, 2015, January 1, 2016 and January 1, 2016. The aggregate leasing area leased by BioLite
Taiwan amounts to approximately 678 square meters (equivalent to approximately 7,298 square feet) on the second floor of the building.
In the fiscal year of 2018 and 2017, BioLite incurred rental expenses relating the laboratory spaces in the amount of approximately
$9,000 per month. One of the leases expired in May 2019 and BioLite Taiwan renewed the lease. BioLite and BioLite BVI operate
together with BioLite Taiwan and share the office spaces.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">BioKey
is headquartered in Fremont, California. BioKey&rsquo;s office lease will end on February 28, 2021 and the office occupies approximately
28,186 square feet. BioKey&rsquo;s space consists of offices, research and production laboratories, and manufacturing facilities.
BioKey has an option to extend the lease for its offices in Fremont a period of five years commencing February 28, 2021, and BioKey
may exercise this option for 5 more years. The total BioKey&rsquo;s rental expenses were $281,965 and $274,978 for the years ended
December 31, 2018 and 2017, and $77,525 for the three months ended March 31, 2019.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">This
prospectus does not discuss any affiliates of the Company that is not controlled by the Company, such as BioFirst and BioFirst
Australia, because affiliates not controlled by the Company do not appear in our combined and consolidated financial statements.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"></FONT></P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>Legal
Proceedings</B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">From
time to time ABVC and its Subsidiaries may become involved in legal proceedings and claims, or be threatened with other legal
actions and claims, arising in the ordinary course of business relating to its intellectual property, product liability, regulatory
compliance and/or marketing and advertising of its products. As of the date of this prospectus, ABVC and its Subsidiaries were
not involved or threatened with any legal actions and regulatory proceedings.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>Environment</B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">ABVC
seeks to comply with all applicable statutory and administrative requirements concerning environmental quality. Expenditures for
compliance with federal state and local environmental laws have not had, and are not expected to have, a material effect on ABVC&rsquo;s
capital expenditures, results of operations or competitive position.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>Employees
</B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">As
of the date of this prospectus, ABVC, including its Subsidiaries, had 38 employees, located in the U.S. and Taiwan. The following
table sets forth the number of our employees by function:</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center">Number of</TD><TD STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom">
    <TD STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid">Functional Area</TD><TD STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid">Employees</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="width: 88%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">Senior management</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="width: 9%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">6</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">Research and development</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">12</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">International development</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">4</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">Public relations</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">4</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Marketing</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">3</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">Internal control</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">3</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">Accounting</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">6</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 4pt">Total</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 4pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">38</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 4pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
</TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">ABVC
believes that it maintains a good working relationship with its employees. ABVC offers its employees competitive benefits, including
a pleasant and rewarding work environment, career-oriented training, and career growth opportunities. ABVC believes its employees
are devoted to delivering superb services. ABVC did not experience any significant labor disputes.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>


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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>&nbsp;</B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B><A NAME="a_017"></A>MANAGEMENT</B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
following table lists the names, ages and positions as of the date of the prospectus of the individuals who serve as executive
officers and directors of the Company after the completion of the Mergers:</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<TABLE CELLSPACING="0" CELLPADDING="0" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse">
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>Name</B></FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>Age</B></FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>Title</B></FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="width: 33%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Eugene
    Jiang</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 10%; text-align: center; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">31</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 55%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Chairman
    of the Board and Interim Chief Financial Officer</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: white; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Dr.
    Tsang Ming Jiang</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: center; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">57</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Director</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Dr.
    Ming-Fong Wu</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: center; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">42</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Independent
    Director</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: white; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Norimi
    Sakamoto</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: center; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">47</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Independent
    Director</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Yen-Hsin
    Chou</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: center; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">29</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Independent
    Director</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: white; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Dr.
    Tsung-Shann (T.S.) Jiang</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: center; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">64</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Chief
    Strategy Officer and Director </FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Dr.
    Chang-Jen Jiang</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: center; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">62</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Director</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: white; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Dr.
    Shin-Yu Miao</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: center; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">55</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Independent
    Director</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Yoshinobu
    Odaira</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: center; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">70</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Independent
    Director</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: white; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Shih-Chen
    Tzeng</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: center; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">61</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Independent
    Director</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="background-color: #CCEEFF; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Dr.
    Hwalin Lee</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: center; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">83</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Director
    </FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: white; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Dr.
    Howard Doong</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: center; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">60</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Chief
    Executive Officer</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Dr.
    Chi-Hsin (Richard) King</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: center; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">69</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Chief
    Technology Officer</FONT></TD></TR>
</TABLE>
<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Set
forth below is certain biographical information regarding each of our directors and executive officers as of the date of this
prospectus.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>Eugene
Jiang, Chairman and interim CFO,</B>&nbsp;served as our CEO and President from the Company&rsquo;s inception in July 2015 until
he resigned on September 15, 2017. He remains the Chairman of the Board. Mr. Jiang was appointed as our Interim Chief Financial
Officer on May 9, 2018 while the Company is still conducting a search to secure a permanent CFO. From June 2015 until present,
Mr. Jiang also serves as Director for&nbsp;BioLite&nbsp;Incorporation. He also serves as&nbsp;CEO for&nbsp;Genepro&nbsp;Investment
Company since March 2010.&nbsp;Mr.&nbsp;Jiang obtained an EMBA degree from the University of&nbsp;Texas&nbsp;in Arrington in 2009
and in 2008, Mr. Jiang received a bachelor&rsquo;s degree in Physical Education from Fu-Jen Catholic University.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>Dr.
Howard Doong, Ph. D. and M.D., CEO,</B>&nbsp;was appointed as the Company&rsquo;s new CEO on September 15, 2017. In addition to
the position at the Company, Dr. Doong also serves as the CEO and Chief Scientific Officer (&ldquo;CSO&rdquo;) of LifeCode Biotechnology
Company (&ldquo;LifeCode&rdquo;), a Taiwan company in the biotechnology business, since 2017. At the same time, he also serves
as the CSO of Wuhan Frasergen Genomic Medicine Company (&ldquo;Wuhan Frasergen Genomic&rdquo;), a Chinese company in the biotechnology
business, since 2016. He served as the CSO of Cold Spring Biotech Corporation, a Taiwan corporation in the biotechnology business
from 2014 to 2016. He served as the CEO of iKnowledge-Care Bioscience Corp, a Taiwan company in the biotechnology business from
2014 to 2015. He served as the director of Taipei Veteran General Hospital-LilPao Laboratory of Cancer Genomic Medicine from 2012
to 2013. He served as the Vice President and director of Quality Assurance, TrimGen Corporation, a Maryland corporation in the
biotechnology business from 2009 to 2011. Dr. Doong received his Ph.D. degree from University of Chicago, the Department of Organismal
Biology and Anatomy and the Department of Surgery. He received his M.D and Ph.D. degree from Harvard-MIT Division of Health Sciences
and Technology. He received his M.S. degree from the University of New Hampshire, Genetics Program and B.S. degree from Fu-Jen
Catholic University, Taiwan, Department of Biology.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"> <FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>Dr.
T.S. Jiang, Chief Strategy Officer and Director,</B>&nbsp;was appointed as the Company&rsquo;s Chief Strategy Officer on and elected
as a director on our Board of Directors on February 8, 2019, the closing date of the Mergers. He has been the chairman of BioLite,
Inc., a subsidiary of BioLite, Inc., since January 2010. Prior to BioLite, Dr. Jiang served as the president and/or chairman of
multiple biotech companies in Taiwan, including PhytoHealth Corporation from 1998 to 2009 and AmCad BioMed Corporation from 2008
to 2009. In addition, Dr. Jiang is a director on various biotech associations, such as the Taiwan Bio Industry Organization (Taiwan)
from 2006 to 2008 and the Chinese Herbs and Biotech Development Association in Taiwan from 2003 to 2006. Dr. Jiang was an assistant
professor at University of Illinois from 1981 to 1987 and an associate professor at Rutgers, the State University of New Jersey
from 1987 to 1990 and served as a professor at a few Taiwanese universities during a period from 1990 to 1993, such as National
Taiwan University, National Cheng Kung University and Tunghai University. Dr. Jiang obtained his bachelor degree in Engineering
and Chemical Engineering from National Taiwan University in Taiwan in 1976, masters and Ph.D. from Northwestern University in
the U.S. in 1981 and Executive Master of Business Administration (&ldquo;EMBA&rdquo;) from National Taiwan University in Taiwan
in 2007. As a successful entrepreneur, Dr. Jiang has developed and commercialized PG2 Lyo Injection, a new drug to treat cancer
related fatigue. From 1998 to 2009, Dr. T. S. Jiang served as President of Phyto Health Corporation where he led a project team
to develop PG2 Injectable. This product was extracted, isolated and purified from a type of Traditional Chinese Medicine. PG2
Injection was intended for cancer patients who had trouble recovering from severe fatigue. Dr. Jiang oversaw and managed the R&amp;D
department, daily corporate operations and business of Phyto Health Corporation when he was the President. PG2 Lyo Injection received
approval on its NDA from Taiwan Food and Drug Administration in 2010 and later was launched into the Taiwan market in 2012. We
believe that Dr. Jiang provides leadership and technological guidance on our strategic development and operations.</FONT> </P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B><I>Dr.
Chi-Hsin Richard King&mdash;Chief Scientific Officer</I></B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B><I>&nbsp;</I></B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Effective
September 15, 2017, the Board appointed Dr. Chi-Hsin Richard King as the CSO of the Company. Dr. Chi-Hsin Richard King, 69, served
as the consultant at TaiGen Biotechnology Co. Ltd (&ldquo;TaiGen&rdquo;), a Taiwan company in the biotechnology business, from
August 2016 to July 2017, the Senior Vice President at TaiGen from July 2008 to August 2016 and as the Vice President at Research
and Development of TaiGen from June 2005 to July 2008. Dr. King served as the Director at Albany Molecular Research Inc. (&ldquo;AMRI&rdquo;),
a New York corporation, from January 2003 to June 2005, the Assistant Director at Medicinal Chemistry Department of AMRI from
January 2000 to December 2002 and the Assistant Director at Chemical Development Department of AMRI from August 1997 to January
2000. Dr. King received the Ph. D. degree of organic chemistry from University of Utah in March 1980, and B.S. degree of chemistry
from National Taiwan Normal University in July 1972.</FONT></P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>Dr.
Tsang Ming Jiang, Director</B>, was elected as a director on our Board of Directors on November 23, 2017. He has served as a technical
director at the Industrial Technology Research Institute in Taiwan since January 2017. Prior to joining the Industrial Technology
Research Institute as a technical director, Dr. Jiang worked at the Company as chief information officer from November 2016 to
January 2017, Ericsson as engineering manager from 2013 to 2016 and the Industrial Technology Research Institute as deputy director
from October 2011 to February 2013. In addition, Dr. Jiang worked at several other research institutes, including University of
Alaska Fairbanks, National Taiwan University and Chung Cheng University, with his research interest in cloud computing and Internet
security, especially in the areas of virtualization, software-defined data centers, SDN enabled networks and big data analytics.
Dr. Jiang received his Bachelor of Science in electrical engineering in 1982 and Master of Science in electrical engineering in
1984, both from National Taiwan University, and his Ph.D. in electrical engineering and computer science from University of Illinois
at Chicago in 1988. Dr. Tsang Ming Jiang is a brother of Dr. Tsung-Shann Jiang, who together with his wife collectively owns 80%
of Lion Arts Promotion, Inc. which has approximately 69.3% of ownership interest in the Company through YuanGene Corporation,
a wholly-owned subsidiary of Lion Arts Promotion, Inc.&nbsp;</FONT></P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>Dr.
Ming-Fong Wu, Director</B>, was elected as a director on our Board of Directors on November 23, 2017. He currently is a senior
physician at Taoyuan Hanqun Orthopedic Clinic and has been since 2012. Prior to Taoyuan Hanqun Orthopedic Clinic, Dr. Wu worked
as a physician at various private and public hospitals and clinics, such as National Taiwan University Hospital. Dr. Wu graduated
from National Taiwan University College of Medicine in 2000 and has obtained his license to practice medicine and orthopedist&rsquo;s
license in Republic of China.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>Norimi
Sakamoto, Director</B>, was elected as a director on our Board of Directors on November 23, 2017, She currently serves with Shogun
Maitake Canada Co., Ltd. as an executive officer and business development manager from 2015, with Shogun Maitake Odaira Enterprise
Ltd as an executive officer from 2017, with Odaira Corporation Co., Ltd. as chief executive officer since 2014 and with MyLife
Corporation as president and chief executive officer since 2012. Ms. Sakamoto started her career in 1997 with Sumitomo Corporation
Hokkaido Co., Ltd. in Japan. Ms. Sakamoto received her Bachelor Degree of Arts in travel and tourism from Davis and Elkins College
in 1993 and Master of Science in urban studies from the University of New Orleans in 1995.</FONT></P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>Yen-Hsin
Chou, Director</B>, was elected as a director on our Board of Directors on November 23, 2017, She has served as a clerk at Mega
Securities Co., Ltd. since 2011. Ms. Chou&rsquo;s responsibilities primarily include selling various types of securities, including
futures, funds and insurance, managing clients&rsquo; accounts and business development. Ms. Chou received a Bachelor Degree from
Yuan Chi University School of Economics in 2011.</FONT></P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>Dr.
Chang-Jen Jiang, Director,</B>&nbsp;was elected as a director on our Board of Directors on November 23, 2017. He has been an attending
doctor at the department of pediatrics of Eugene Women and Children Clinic since 2008. Previously, Dr. Chang-Jen worked as an
attending doctor at the department of pediatrics of Keelung Hospital, the Ministry of Health and Welfare in Taiwan from 1994 to
2008. Before his position at Keelung Hospital, he was a chief doctor at the department of pediatrics, hematology and oncology
of Mackay Memorial Hospital in Taiwan for three years until 1994. Dr. Chang-Jen Jiang obtained his doctor of medicine degree (the
Taiwanese equivalent degree of MD) from Taipei Medical University in Taiwan in 1982 and started his career in Mackay Memorial
Hospital. We believe that the Company will benefit from Dr. Jiang&rsquo;s knowledge in biology and experiences in medical practice.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>Dr.
Shin-Yu Miao, Director,</B>&nbsp;was elected as a director on our Board of Directors on February 8, 2019. She has served as an
associate professor at Ling Tung University Department of Applied Foreign Languages since 2004. She served as a lecturer from
1996 to 2004. Ms. Miao received her M.S. in Adult Education from the University of Manchester in 1995 and Ph.D. in Adult Education
from the University of South Australia in 2004. We believe that Ms. Miao&rsquo;s familiarity with biotech research centers will
be a valuable resource for our drug development.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>Yoshinobu
Odaira, Director,</B>&nbsp;was elected as a director on our Board of Directors on February 8, 2019 . He is an entrepreneur and
has founded a number of Japanese agricultural companies, including Yukiguni Maitake, our licensing partner. In 1983, Mr. Odaira
established Yukiguni Maitake, which became a public company in Japan in 1994. In 2015, Bain Capital Private Equity purchased Yukiguni
Maitake through a tender offer. In addition to his success with Yukiguni Maitake, Mr. Odaira served as the CEO of Yukiguni Shoji
Co., Ltd. since 1988 and the CEO of Odaira Shoji Co., Ltd. from 1989. In 2015, Mr. Odaira founded two new companies, Shogun Maitake
Canada Co., Ltd. in Canada and Odaira Kinoko Research Co., Ltd. in Japan. Yoshinobu Odaira graduated from the Ikazawa Junior High
School in 1963. We believe that we will benefit from Mr. Odaira&rsquo;s successful business experience.</FONT></P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>Shih-Chen
Tzeng, Director,</B>&nbsp;was elected as a director on our Board of Directors on February 8, 2019 . He has served as a sales manager
at SinoPac Securities Corp. (&ldquo;SinoPac Securities&rdquo;), a well-established brokerage firm in Taiwan, since 2000. SinoPac
Securities has fifty-eight (58) branch offices in Taiwan and subsidiaries in Hong Kong, Shanghai and London. Shih-Chen Tszeng
graduated from Dam Kang University in 1978 with a bachelor degree in Accounting. We believe the Company will benefit from Ms.
Tszeng&rsquo;s knowledge and experience with the securities industries.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>Dr.
Hwalin Lee, Director<I>,</I></B>&nbsp;was elected as a director on our Board of Directors on February 8, 2019. He serves as the
chairman of Phoeng Foundation since 2011. From 1986, Dr. Lee has been the chairman of the Chuan Lyu Foundation. From
1973 to 1989, Dr. Lee was the president of Deltan Corporation and prior to that he was senior research chemist at a couple of
chemical companies. Dr. Hwalin Lee obtained a B.S. in pharmacy from National Taiwan University in 1957 and a Ph.D. in Pharmaceutical
Chemistry from University of California, San Francisco in 1966. Dr. Lee qualifies as a director of the Company because he has
extensive work experience in chemical companies and educational background in pharmaceutical chemistry.</FONT></P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>Family
Relationships</B></FONT></P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">There
are no family relationships among the executive officers and directors&nbsp;of the Company who are expected take office upon the
consummation of the Mergers except that Dr. Tsang Ming Jiang, Dr. Tsung-Shann Jiang and Dr. Chang-Jen Jiang are brothers and Mr.
Eugene Jiang is Dr. Tsung-Shann Jiang&rsquo;s son.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"></FONT></P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>Legal
Proceedings</B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><I>&nbsp;</I></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><I>Involvement
in Certain Legal Proceedings</I></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; background-color: white"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">During
the past ten years, none of our current directors, executive officers, promoters, control persons, or nominees has been:</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<TABLE CELLSPACING="0" CELLPADDING="0" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse">
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="width: 0.25in; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 0.25in; text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#9679;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">the
    subject of any bankruptcy petition filed by or against any business of which such person was a general partner or executive
    officer either at the time of the bankruptcy or within two years prior to that time;</FONT></TD></TR>
</TABLE>
<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<TABLE CELLSPACING="0" CELLPADDING="0" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse">
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="width: 0.25in; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 0.25in; text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#9679;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">convicted
    in a criminal proceeding or is subject to a pending criminal proceeding (excluding traffic violations and other minor offenses);</FONT></TD></TR>
</TABLE>
<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<TABLE CELLSPACING="0" CELLPADDING="0" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse">
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="width: 0.25in; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 0.25in; text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#9679;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">subject
    to any order, judgment, or decree, not subsequently reversed, suspended or vacated, of any court of competent jurisdiction
    or any Federal or State authority, permanently or temporarily enjoining, barring, suspending or otherwise limiting his involvement
    in any type of business, securities or banking activities;</FONT></TD></TR>
</TABLE>
<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<TABLE CELLSPACING="0" CELLPADDING="0" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse">
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="width: 0.25in; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 0.25in; text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#9679;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">found
    by a court of competent jurisdiction (in a civil action), the Commission or the Commodity Futures Trading Commission to have
    violated a federal or state securities or commodities law.</FONT></TD></TR>
</TABLE>
<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<TABLE CELLSPACING="0" CELLPADDING="0" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse">
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="width: 0.25in; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 0.25in; text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#9679;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">the
    subject of, or a party to, any Federal or State judicial or administrative order, judgment, decree, or finding, not subsequently
    reversed, suspended or vacated, relating to an alleged violation of (a) any Federal or State securities or commodities law
    or regulation; (b) any law or regulation respecting financial institutions or insurance companies including, but not limited
    to, a temporary or permanent injunction, order of disgorgement or restitution, civil money penalty or temporary or permanent
    cease-and-desist order, or removal or prohibition order; or (c) any law or regulation prohibiting mail or wire fraud or fraud
    in connection with any business entity; or</FONT></TD></TR>
</TABLE>
<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<TABLE CELLSPACING="0" CELLPADDING="0" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse">
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="width: 0.25in; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 0.25in; text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#9679;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">the
    subject of, or a party to, any sanction or order, not subsequently reversed, suspended or vacated, of any self-regulatory
    organization (as defined in Section 3(a)(26) of the Exchange Act (15 U.S.C. 78c(a)(26))), any registered entity (as defined
    in Section 1(a)(29) of the Commodity Exchange Act (7 U.S.C. 1(a)(29))), or any equivalent exchange, association, entity or
    organization that has disciplinary authority over its members or persons associated with a member.</FONT></TD></TR>
</TABLE>
<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>Committees
of the Board</B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
Company&rsquo;s Board is in the process of establishing the audit committee, compensation committee and nominating and corporate
governance committee.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Our
board of directors may establish other committees to facilitate the management of our business.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>Code
of Ethics</B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>&nbsp;</B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"> We adopted a code of ethics, a copy of
which is attached herein as Exhibit 14.1. </P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>Director
Compensation</B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt; background-color: white">In
this regard, it is expected that the Company will not provide compensation to non-employee directors which is in line with ABVC&rsquo;s
current practices.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>&nbsp;</B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">While
ABVC does not require directors and officers to own a specific minimum number of shares of ABVC&rsquo;s Common Stock, it believes
that each director and corporate officer should have a substantial personal investment in the Company. Directors and officers
may not engage in short sales or put or call transactions with respect to ABVC securities. The Company plans to issue equity awards
to all directors (non-employee and employee) for their service in the future. The Company believes that the future arrangements
may align the interests of the Board of Directors with the long-term interests of the Company&rsquo;s shareholders.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>


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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: center">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B><A NAME="a_018"></A>EXECUTIVE
COMPENSATION</B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
following tables set forth, for each of the last two completed fiscal years of us, the total compensation awarded to, earned by
or paid to any person who was a principal executive officer during the preceding fiscal year and every other highest compensated
executive officers earning more than $100,000 during the last fiscal year (together, the &ldquo;Named Executive Officers&rdquo;).
The tables set forth below reflect the compensation of the Named Executive Officers. The following table provides information
regarding the named executive officers of ABVC during the fiscal year ended December 31, 2017 and 2018.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>Summary
Compensation Table</B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<TABLE CELLSPACING="0" CELLPADDING="0" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse">
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>Name&nbsp;and&nbsp;Principal&nbsp;Position</B></FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>Year</B></FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="border-bottom: black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>Salary</B><BR>
    <B>($)</B></FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="border-bottom: black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>Bonus</B><BR>
    <B>($)</B></FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="border-bottom: black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>Stock
    Awards</B><BR>
    <B>($)</B></FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="border-bottom: black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>Option
    Awards</B><BR>
    <B>($)</B></FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="border-bottom: black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>Non-Equity
    Incentive Plan Compensation</B><BR>
    <B>($)</B></FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="border-bottom: black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>Change
    in Pension</B><BR>
    <B>Value&nbsp;and</B><BR>
    <B>Nonqualified Deferred Compensation Earnings</B><BR>
    <B>($)</B></FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="border-bottom: black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>All
    Other Compensation</B><BR>
    <B>($)</B></FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="border-bottom: black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>Total</B><BR>
    <B>($)</B></FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: center; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="width: 22%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Howard
    Doong (1)</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 6%; text-align: right; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">2018</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 5%; text-align: right; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">100,000</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 3%; text-align: right; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">-</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 4%; text-align: right; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">-</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 4%; text-align: right; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">-</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 2%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 8%; text-align: right; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">-</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 2%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 8%; text-align: right; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">-</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 5%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 5%; text-align: right; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">-</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 5%; text-align: right; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">100,000</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: right; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">2017</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: right; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">33,333</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: right; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">-</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: right; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">-</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: right; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">-</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: right; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">-</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: right; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">-</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: right; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">-</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: right; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">33,333</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: white; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: right; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: right; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: right; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: right; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: right; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: right; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: right; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: right; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: right; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Chun
    Mu Hung (2)</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: right; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">2018</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: right; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">14,434</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: right; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">-</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: right; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">-</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: right; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">-</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: right; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">-</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: right; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">-</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: right; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">-</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: right; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">14,434</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: right; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">2017</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: right; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">13,333</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: right; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">-</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: right; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">-</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: right; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">-</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: right; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">-</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: right; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">-</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: right; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">-</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: right; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">13,333</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: white; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: right; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: right; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: right; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: right; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: right; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: right; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: right; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: right; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: right; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Eugene
    Jiang (3)</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: right; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">2018</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: right; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">60,000</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: right; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">-</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: right; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">-</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: right; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">-</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: right; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">-</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: right; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">-</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: right; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">-</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: right; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">60,000</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: right; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">2017</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: right; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">60,000</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: right; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">-</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: right; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">-</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: right; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">-</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: right; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">-</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: right; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">-</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: right; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">-</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: right; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">60,000</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: white; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: right; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: right; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: right; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: right; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: right; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: right; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: right; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: right; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: right; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Kira
    Huang (4)</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: right; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">2018</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: right; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">-</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: right; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">-</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: right; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">-</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: right; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">-</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: right; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">-</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: right; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">-</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: right; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">-</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: right; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">-</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: right; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">2017</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: right; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">40,500</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: right; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">-</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: right; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">-</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: right; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">-</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: right; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">-</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: right; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">-</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: right; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">-</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: right; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">40,500</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD></TR>
</TABLE>
<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0; width: 100%"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; text-align: justify">
<TD STYLE="width: 0"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(1)</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Dr.
Doong was appointed as the CEO on September 15, 2017.</FONT></TD>
</TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; background-color: white"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0; width: 100%"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; text-align: justify">
<TD STYLE="width: 0"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(2)</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Mr.
Hung was appointed as the CFO, Secretary and Treasury on September 15, 2017 and resigned as the CFO, Secretary and Treasurer on
May 4, 2018.</FONT></TD>
</TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; background-color: white; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0; width: 100%"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; text-align: justify">
<TD STYLE="width: 0"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(3)</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Mr.
Jiang resigned as the CEO and President of the Company on September 15, 2017 and accepted the interim Chief Financial Officer
position on May 9, 2018.</FONT></TD>
</TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; background-color: white"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0; width: 100%"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; text-align: justify">
<TD STYLE="width: 0"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(4)</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Ms.
Huang resigned as the CFO, Secretary and Treasurer of the Company on September 15, 2017.</FONT></TD>
</TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; background-color: white"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>Narrative
Disclosure to Summary Compensation Table</B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Other
than set out below, there are no arrangements or plans in which we provide pension, retirement or similar benefits for directors
or executive officers. Our directors and executive officers may receive share options at the discretion of our board of directors
in the future. We do not have any material bonus or profit sharing plans pursuant to which cash or non-cash compensation is or
may be paid to our directors or executive officers, except that share options may be granted at the discretion of our board of
directors.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"></FONT></P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>Stock
Option Plan</B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>&nbsp;</B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>Grants
of Plan-Based Awards</B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"> <FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">We
adopted an Equity Incentive Plan on February 17, 2016 (the &ldquo;2016 Plan&rdquo;). In fiscal year 2016, the Company awarded
10,000 shares of Common Stock to each of five employees. Due to the forward split detailed in our <A HREF="http://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/1173313/000161577416006781/s103894_10q.htm">10-Q</A>
filed June 30, 2016, each of such employees has been awarded 31,410 shares of the Company&rsquo;s Common Stock. As a result, an
aggregate of 157,050 shares (prior to the 1-for-18 reverse split) were granted to the employees pursuant to the 2016 Plan as of
December 31, 2017 and an aggregate of 211,878 shares (prior to the 1-for-18 reverse split) were granted to the former and current
employees and consultants under the 2016 Plan as of the date of this prospectus.</FONT> </P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"> <FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">We
did not issue any additional securities under the 2016 Plan during the fiscal year of 2018. An aggregate of 157,050 shares (prior
to the 1-for-18 reverse split) were granted to the employees pursuant to the 2016 Plan as of December 31, 2018.</FONT> </P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>Option
Exercises and Stock Vested</B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">No
options have been awarded by the Company as of December 31, 2018.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>Compensation
of Directors</B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">We
do not have any agreements for compensating our directors for their services in their capacity as directors as of December 31,
2018.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>Pension,
Retirement or Similar Benefit Plans</B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">There
are no arrangements or plans in which we provide pension, retirement or similar benefits for directors or executive officers.
We have no material bonus or profit sharing plans pursuant to which cash or non-cash compensation is or may be paid to our directors
or executive officers, except that stock options may be granted at the discretion of the board of directors or a committee thereof.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B><I>Employment
Agreements </I></B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">We&nbsp;entered
into an employment contract with Kira Huang on March 1, 2016 according to which, among other terms, Ms. Huang was required to
perform duties and undertake the responsibilities&nbsp;in a professional manner as a Chief Financial Officer. Ms. Huang resigned
from the position as CFO, Secretary and Treasurer on September 15, 2017 and terminated the employment agreement with the Company.
We paid Ms. Huang $3,000 for each month of September and October 2017 for her continuous consulting services and thereafter have
not had any outstanding obligations towards Ms. Huang under such employment agreement.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Dr.
Howard Doong has entered into an employment agreements (the &ldquo;Doong Employment Agreement&rdquo;) with the Company, pursuant
to which he shall receive an annual base salary of $100,000. As of December 31, 2017, we paid Mr. Doong 20,833&nbsp;shares of
the Company&rsquo;s common stock at a per share price of $1.60 il lieu of cash compensation. Under the Doong Employment Agreement,
Dr. Doong is employed as our CEO and President of the Company. We may terminate his employment for cause, at any time, without
notice or remuneration, for certain acts of the executive officer, such as conviction or plea of guilty to a felony or grossly
negligent or dishonest acts to our detriment, or misconduct or a failure to perform agreed duties. In such case, the executive
officer will not be entitled to receive payment of any severance benefits or other amounts by reason of the termination, and the
executive officer&rsquo;s right to all other benefits will terminate, except as required by any applicable law. We may also terminate
an executive officer&rsquo;s employment without cause upon one-month advance written notice. In such case of termination by us,
we are required to provide compensation to the executive officer, including severance pay equal to 12 months of base salary. The
executive officer may terminate the employment at any time with a one-month advance written notice if there is any significant
change in the executive officer&rsquo;s duties and responsibilities or a material reduction in the executive officer&rsquo;s annual
salary. In such case, the executive officer will be entitled to receive compensation equivalent to 12 months of the executive
officer&rsquo;s base salary.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Mr.
Chun Mu Hung has entered into an employment agreement with the Company, pursuant to which he shall receive an annual base salary
of $40,000. On May 4, 2018, Mr. Hung resigned as the CFO, Secretary and Treasurer of the Company, effective immediately.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Dr.
Chi-Hsin Richard King has entered into an employment agreements (the &ldquo;King Employment Agreement&rdquo;) with the Company,
pursuant to which he shall receive an annual base salary of $50,000. As of December 31, 2017, we paid Mr. King 10,416 shares of
the Company&rsquo;s common stock at a per share price of $1.60 in lieu of cash compensation. Under the King Employment Agreement,
Dr. King is employed as the CSO of the Company. We may terminate his employment for cause, at any time, without notice or remuneration,
for certain acts of the executive officer, such as conviction or plea of guilty to a felony or grossly negligent or dishonest
acts to our detriment, or misconduct or a failure to perform agreed duties. In such case, the executive officer will not be entitled
to receive payment of any severance benefits or other amounts by reason of the termination, and the executive officer&rsquo;s
right to all other benefits will terminate, except as required by any applicable law. We may also terminate an executive officer&rsquo;s
employment without cause upon one-month advance written notice. In such case of termination by us, we are required to provide
compensation to the executive officer, including severance pay equal to 12 months of base salary. The executive officer may terminate
the employment at any time with a one-month advance written notice if there is any significant change in the executive officer&rsquo;s
duties and responsibilities or a material reduction in the executive officer&rsquo;s annual salary. In such case, the executive
officer will be entitled to receive compensation equivalent to 12 months of the executive officer&rsquo;s base salary.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
completion of the Mergers did not trigger any termination payments as set forth in the various employment agreements stated above.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>


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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>&nbsp;</B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B><A NAME="a_019"></A>SECURITY
OWNERSHIP OF CERTAIN BENEFICIAL OWNERS AND MANAGEMENT</B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
following table sets forth certain information regarding beneficial ownership of our common stock as of&nbsp;June 20, 2019 (i)
each person (or group of affiliated persons) who is known by us to own more than five percent (5%) of the outstanding shares of
our Common Stock, (ii) each director, executive officer and director nominee, and (iii) all of our directors, executive officers
and director nominees as a group.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Beneficial
ownership is determined in accordance with SEC rules and generally includes voting or investment power with respect to securities.
For purposes of this table, a person or group of persons is deemed to have&nbsp;&ldquo;beneficial ownership&rdquo;&nbsp;of any
shares of common stock that such person has the right to acquire within 60 days of the date of the respective table. For purposes
of computing the percentage of outstanding shares of our common stock held by each person or group of persons named above, any
shares that such person or persons has the right to acquire within 60 days of the date of the respective table is deemed to be
outstanding for such person, but is not deemed to be outstanding for the purpose of computing the percentage ownership of any
other person. The inclusion herein of any shares listed as beneficially owned does not constitute an admission of beneficial ownership.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Unless
otherwise noted, the business address of each beneficial owner listed is&nbsp;44370 Old Warm Springs Blvd., Fremont, CA 94538.
Except as otherwise indicated, the persons listed below have sole voting and investment power with respect to all shares of our
common stock owned by them, except to the extent that power may be shared with a spouse.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"> As of&nbsp;July 18, 2019, we had&nbsp;17,694,289
shares of common stock issued and outstanding. </P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom">
    <TD STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid">Name of
    Beneficial Owner</TD><TD STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid">Amount
    and<BR> Nature of<BR> Beneficial<BR> Ownership</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid"><P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>Percent</B><BR>
                                         <B>of</B></FONT></P> <P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>Class</B></FONT></P></TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="width: 76%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify">Dr. Howard Doong</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="width: 9%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">18,403</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="width: 9%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">*</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify">Eugene Jiang (1)</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">1,146</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">*</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify">Yen-Hsin Chou</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">1,014</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">*</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify">Dr. Shin-Yu Miao (2)</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">56,214</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">*</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify">Dr. Tsang-Ming Jiang (3)</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">395</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">*</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify">Dr. Ming-Fong Wu</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">-</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">-</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify">Norimi Sakamoto</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">-</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">-</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify">Dr. Tsung-Shann Jiang (4)</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">6,771,759</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">38.27</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">%</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify">Dr. Chang-Jen Jiang</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">-</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">-</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify">Yoshinobu Odaira</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">-</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">-</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify">Shih-Chen Tzeng</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">-</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">-</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify">Dr. Hwalin Lee</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">-</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">-</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">All officers and directors as a group (Twelve
    (12) persons)</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">6,848,930</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">38.71</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">%</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify">YuanGene&nbsp;Corporation (4)</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">8,194,048</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">46.31</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">%</TD></TR>
</TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">*&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;less
than 1%.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0; width: 100%"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; text-align: justify">
<TD STYLE="width: 0"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(1)</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Eugene
Jiang held 1,146 shares of the Company&rsquo;s common stock through his ownership in BioLite, Inc., which held 271,440 shares
of the Company&rsquo;s common stock.</FONT></TD>
</TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0; width: 100%"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; text-align: justify">
<TD STYLE="width: 0"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(2)</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Dr.
Shin-Yu Miao held 659 shares of the Company&rsquo;s common stock through her ownership in BioLite, Inc. and the rest through direct
ownership. Dr. Shin-Yu Miao is not a control person of BioLite, Inc. and does not have voting power over her indirect ownership
of the Common Stock of the Company of 659 shares.</FONT></TD>
</TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0; width: 100%"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; text-align: justify">
<TD STYLE="width: 0"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(3)</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Dr.
Tsang-Ming Jiang held his shares of common stock in the Company through his ownership in BioLite, Inc.</FONT></TD>
</TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0; width: 100%"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; text-align: justify">
<TD STYLE="width: 0"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(4)</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Dr.
Tsung-Shann Jiang held 6,555,238 shares of common stock through his ownership in YuanGene Corporation, 40,625 shares of the Company&rsquo;s
common stock through LionArts Promotion Inc., 116,905 shares through Rgene Corporation and 6,495 shares through BioLite, Inc.</FONT></TD>
</TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0"><FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"></FONT></P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B><A NAME="a_020"></A>AMERICAN
BRIVISION (HOLDING) CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES</B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>UNAUDITED
CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED COMBINED</B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>PRO
FORMA&nbsp;FINANCIAL INFORMATION</B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>&nbsp;</B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>Introduction</B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">On
January 31, 2018, American BriVision (Holding) Corporation (&ldquo;ABVC&rdquo;, the &ldquo;Company&rdquo;) entered into an agreement
and plan of merger (the &ldquo;Merger Agreement&rdquo;) with BioLite Holding, Inc. (&ldquo;BioLite&rdquo;), a Nevada corporation,
BioKey, Inc. (&ldquo;BioKey&rdquo;), a California corporation, BioLite Acquisition Corp. (&ldquo;Merger Sub 1&rdquo;), a Nevada
corporation and wholly-owned subsidiary of the Company, and BioKey Acquisition Corp. (&ldquo;Merger Sub 2&rdquo;), a California
corporation and wholly-owned subsidiary of the Company.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Pursuant
to the Merger Agreement, on or before the closing of the Mergers, each issued and outstanding share of BioLite shall be converted
into the right to receive one point eighty-two (1.82) validly issued, fully-paid and non-assessable shares of the Company and
all shares of BioLite shall be cancelled and cease to exist. Also on or before the closing of the Mergers, each issued and outstanding
share of BioKey shall be converted into the right to receive one (1) validly issued, fully-paid and non-assessable share of the
Company and all shares of BioKey shall be cancelled and cease to exist. Simultaneously upon closing, BioLite and Merger Sub 1
shall merge together with Merger Sub 1&rsquo;s articles of incorporation and bylaws as the surviving corporation&rsquo;s (the
&ldquo;BioLite Surviving Corporation&rdquo;) articles of incorporation and bylaws and all shares of Merger Sub 1 shall be converted
into one share of Common Stock of the BioLite Surviving Corporation, which shall remain a wholly-owned subsidiary of the Company.
In addition, upon closing, BioKey and Merger Sub 2 shall merge together with Merger Sub 2&rsquo;s articles of incorporation and
bylaws as the surviving corporation&rsquo;s (the &ldquo;BioKey Surviving Corporation&rsquo;s&rdquo;) articles of incorporation
and bylaws and all shares of Merger Sub 2 shall be converted into one share of Common Stock of the BioKey Surviving Corporation,
which shall remain a wholly-owned subsidiary of the Company.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
following unaudited pro forma condensed consolidated combined financial statements reflect the combination of the historical consolidated
results of ABVC and its subsidiaries, BioLite, and BioKey on a pro forma basis to give effect to the Merger Agreement.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
unaudited pro forma condensed consolidated combined balance sheet of the combined company is based on (i)&nbsp;the audited historical
consolidated balance sheet of ABVC as of December&nbsp;31, 2018, (ii)&nbsp;the audited historical balance sheet of BioLite as
of December&nbsp;31, 2018, and the (iii) the audited historical balance sheet of BioKey as of December 31, 2018, and includes
pro forma adjustments as of the Mergers had occurred on December&nbsp;31, 2018.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
unaudited pro forma condensed consolidated combined statement of operations of the combined company are based on&nbsp;the following
details, and includes pro forma adjustments as of the Merger had occurred on January 1, 2018.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in; background-color: white"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<TABLE CELLSPACING="0" CELLPADDING="0" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%">
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="width: 24px; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 24px; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(i)</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">the
    unaudited historical consolidated statement of operations of ABVC for the year ended December 31, 2018.</FONT></TD></TR>
</TABLE>
<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<TABLE CELLSPACING="0" CELLPADDING="0" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%">
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="width: 24px; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 24px; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(ii)</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">the
    audited historical statement of operations of BioLite for the year ended December 31, 2018.</FONT></TD></TR>
</TABLE>
<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<TABLE CELLSPACING="0" CELLPADDING="0" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%">
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="width: 24px; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 24px; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(iii)</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">the
    audited historical statement of operations of BioKey for the year ended December 31, 2018.</FONT></TD></TR>
</TABLE>
<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
unaudited pro forma data presented herein reflects events that are directly attributable to the described transactions, factually
supportable, and as it relates to the unaudited pro forma condensed consolidated combined statement of operations, expected to
have a continuing impact. The unaudited pro forma data presented herein also reflects certain assumptions which management believes
are reasonable. Such pro forma data is not necessarily indicative of financial results that would have been attained had the described
transactions occurred on the dates indicated above, or the results of the combined company that may be achieved in the future.
The adjustments are based on currently available information and certain estimates and assumptions. Therefore, the actual results
may differ from the pro forma results indicated herein. However, management believes that the assumptions provide a reasonable
basis for presenting the significant effects of the transactions as contemplated and that the pro forma adjustments give appropriate
effect to those assumptions and are properly applied in the unaudited pro forma condensed consolidated combined financial statements.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
unaudited pro forma condensed consolidated combined financial statements are provided for illustrative purposes only and are not
intended to represent or be indicative of the consolidated results of operations or consolidated financial position of the combined
company that would have been recorded had the Merger been completed as of the dates presented, and they should not be taken as
representative of the expected future results of operations or financial position of the combined company. The unaudited pro forma
condensed consolidated combined financial statements do not reflect the impacts of any potential operational efficiencies, asset
dispositions, cost savings or economies of scale that the combined company may achieve with respect to the operations of the combined
company. Additionally, the unaudited pro forma condensed consolidated combined statement of operations does not include&nbsp;non-recurring&nbsp;charges
or credits, and the related tax effects, which result directly from the Mergers.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"></FONT></P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: center; background-color: white"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>UNAUDITED
PRO FORMA CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED COMBINED BALANCE SHEET</B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: center; background-color: white"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>AS
OF DECEMBER 31, 2018</B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; background-color: white"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>&nbsp;</B></FONT></P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">Pro
    Forma</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">Pro
    Forma</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">ABVC</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">BioKey</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">BioLite</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">Adjustment</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">Note</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">Combined</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom">
    <TD STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">ASSETS</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">Current Assets</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="width: 30%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">Cash and
    cash equivalents</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">$</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="width: 9%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">40,044</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">$</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="width: 9%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">636,666</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">$</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="width: 9%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">186,644</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="width: 9%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">-</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 9%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">$</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="width: 9%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">863,354</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">Restricted cash and
    cash equivalents</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">16,093</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">-</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">-</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">-</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">16,093</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">Accounts receivable,
    net</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">-</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">43,204</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">-</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">-</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">43,204</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">Accounts receivable
    - related parties, net</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">-</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">147,848</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">-</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">-</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">147,848</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">Other receivable</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">-</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">-</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">39,005</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">-</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">39,005</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">Due from related parties</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">40,000</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">-</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">79,287</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">(59,810</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">)</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">{f}</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">59,477</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">Inventory</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">-</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">-</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">1,318</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">-</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">1,318</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">Prepaid
    expense and other current assets</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">136</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">-</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">223,759</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">-</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">223,895</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; padding-left: 20pt"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">Total
    Current Assets</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">96,273</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">827,718</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">530,013</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">(59,810</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">)</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">1,394,194</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">Property and equipment,
    net</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">-</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">58,150</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">510,066</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">568,216</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">Goodwill, net</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">-</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">-</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">-</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">43,531,445</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">{e}</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">43,531,445</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">Long-term investments</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">-</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">-</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">3,488,169</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">3,448,169</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">Deferred tax assets</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">-</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">-</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">1,347,995</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">1,347,995</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">Security
    Deposits</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">-</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">10,440</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">27,418</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">37,858</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; padding-bottom: 4pt"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">Total
    Assets</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 4pt"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">$</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">96,273</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 4pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 4pt"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">$</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">896,308</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 4pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 4pt"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">$</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">5,903,661</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 4pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 4pt"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">$</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">43,471,635</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 4pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 4pt"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; padding-bottom: 4pt"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 4pt"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">$</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">50,367,877</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 4pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">LIABILITIES AND
    EQUITY</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">Current Liabilities</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; padding-left: 0.25in; text-indent: -10pt"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">Short-term
    bank loan</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">-</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">-</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">899,250</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">-</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">899,250</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; padding-left: 0.25in; text-indent: -10pt"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">Long-term
    bank loan - current portion</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">-</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">-</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">39,835</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">-</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">39,835</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; padding-left: 0.25in; text-indent: -10pt"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">Notes
    payable</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">-</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">-</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">510,447</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">-</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">510,447</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; padding-left: 0.25in; text-indent: -10pt"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">Accrued
    expenses and other current liabilities</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">555,449</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">83,026</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">687,709</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">-</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">1,326,184</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; padding-left: 0.25in; text-indent: -10pt"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">Due
    to related parties</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">4,462,775</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">-</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">3,341,005</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">(58,684</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">)</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">{f}</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">7,745,096</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; padding-left: 0.25in; text-indent: -10pt"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">Convertible
    notes payable, current portion</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">300,000</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">-</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">-</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">300,000</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; padding-left: 0.25in; text-indent: -10pt"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">Convertible
    notes payable - related parties, current portion</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">250,000</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">-</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">-</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">250,000</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; padding-left: 20pt"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">Total
    Current Liabilities</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">5,568,224</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">83,026</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">5,478,246</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">(58,684</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">)</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">11,070,812</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">Long-term bank loan</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">-</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">-</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">15,257</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">-</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">15,257</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">Tenant security deposit</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">-</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">2,880</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">-</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">-</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">2,880</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">Convertible notes payable</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">-</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">-</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">-</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">-</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">-</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; padding-left: 10pt; text-indent: -10pt"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">Convertible
    notes payable - related parties</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">250,000</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">-</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">-</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">-</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">250,000</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">Accrued
    interest</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">27,467</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">-</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">-</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">-</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">27,467</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; padding-left: 30pt"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">Total
    Liabilities</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">5,845,691</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">85,906</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">5,493,503</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">(58,684</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">)</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">11,366,416</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">Equity</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">Preferred stock</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">-</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">18,633,097</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">-</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">(18,633,097</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">)</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">{c}</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">-</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">Common stock</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">213,927</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">774,293</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">4,121</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">(4,121</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">)</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">{a}</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">318,486</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">74,998</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">{a}</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">(771,793</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">)</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">{b}</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">7,428</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">{b}</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">22,133</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">{c}</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">Additional paid-in
    capital</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">13,914,556</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">82,265</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">10,862,995</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">(70,877</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">)</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">{a}</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">59,018,959</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">(82,265</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">)</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">{e}</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">44,312,285</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">{e}</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">(10,000,000</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">)</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">{g}</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">Stock subscription
    receivable</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">-</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">(1,667</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">)</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">-</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">1,667</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">{e}</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">-</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">Accumulated deficit</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">(19,877,901</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">)</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">(18,677,586</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">)</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">(11,445,109</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">)</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">18,677,586</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">{e}</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">(12,209,446</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">)</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">6,817,848</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">{g}</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">2,295,716</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">{h}</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">10,000,000</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">{g}</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">Other comprehensive
    income</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">-</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">-</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">670,541</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">(14,689</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">)</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">{g,h}</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">655,852</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">Treasury stock</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">-</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">-</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">-</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">(6,750,000</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">)</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">{g}</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">(9,100,000</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">)</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">(2,350,000</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">)</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">{h}</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; padding-left: 20pt"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">Total
    Stockholders&rsquo; deficit</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">(5,749,418</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">)</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">810,402</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">92,548</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">43,530,319</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">38,683,851</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">Noncontrolling
    interest</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">-</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">-</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">317,610</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">-</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">317,610</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; padding-left: 30pt"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">Total
    Equity</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">(5,749,418</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">)</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">810,402</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">410,158</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">43,530,319</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">39,001,461</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; padding-bottom: 4pt"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">Total
    Liabilities and Equity</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 4pt"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">$</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">96,273</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 4pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 4pt"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">$</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">896,308</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 4pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 4pt"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">$</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">5,903,661</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 4pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 4pt"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">$</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">43,471,635</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 4pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 4pt"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; padding-bottom: 4pt"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 4pt"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">50,367,877</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 4pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 9pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD></TR>
</TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: center; background-color: white"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 7pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>


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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: center; background-color: white"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>UNAUDITED
PRO FORMA CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS</B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: center; background-color: white"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>FOR
THE YEAR ENDED DECEMBER 31, 2018</B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: center; background-color: white"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>&nbsp;</B></FONT></P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center">Pro Forma</TD><TD STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center">Pro Forma</TD><TD STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid">ABVC</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid">BioKey</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid">BioLite</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid">Adjustment</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid">Note</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid">Combined</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="width: 28%; font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Revenues</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">$</TD><TD STYLE="width: 9%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">-</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">$</TD><TD STYLE="width: 9%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">510,197</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">$</TD><TD STYLE="width: 9%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">6,956</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="width: 9%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="width: 9%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">$</TD><TD STYLE="width: 9%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">517,153</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">Cost of revenues</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">-</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">4,809</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">185,280</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">190,089</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">Gross profit</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">-</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">505,388</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">(178,324</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">)</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">327,064</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">Operating expenses</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; padding-left: 0.25in; text-indent: -10pt">Selling,
    general and administrative expenses</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">695,148</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">669,322</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">893,570</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">2,258,040</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; padding-left: 9pt">Research and development expenses</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">669,668</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">430,917</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">319,053</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">1,419,638</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; padding-left: 9pt">Stock
    based compensation</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">28,800</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">-</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">-</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">28,800</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; padding-left: 0.25in">Total
    operating expenses</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">1,393,616</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">1,100,239</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">1,212,623</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">3,706,478</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">Loss from operations</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">(1,393,616</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">)</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">(594,851</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">)</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">(1,390,947</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">)</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">(3,379,414</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">)</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">Other income (expense)</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; padding-left: 9pt">Interest income</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">93</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">4,598</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">5,119</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">9,810</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; padding-left: 9pt">Interest expense</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">(155,930</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">)</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">-</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">(306,821</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">)</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">(462,751</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">)</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; padding-left: 9pt">Rental income</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">-</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">-</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">11,924</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">11,924</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; padding-left: 9pt">Impairment loss</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">-</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">-</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">(63,663</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">)</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">(63,663</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">)</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; padding-left: 9pt">Investment loss</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">(549</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">)</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">-</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">(395,476</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">)</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">(396,025</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">)</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; padding-left: 0.25in; text-indent: -10pt">Gain/Loss
    on foreign exchange&nbsp;changes</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">-</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">-</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">7,307</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">7,307</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; padding-left: 0.25in; text-indent: -10pt">Gain/Loss
    on investment in equity securities</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">(2,549,451</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">)</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">-</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">(192,463</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">)</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">(2,741,914</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">)</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; padding-left: 9pt">Other
    income (expense)</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">-</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">630</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">(5,154</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">)</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">(4,524</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">)</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; padding-left: 0.25in">Total
    other income (expenses)</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">(2,705,837</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">)</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">5,228</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">(939,227</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">)</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">(3,639,836</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">)</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">Loss before provision for income tax</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">(4,099,453</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">)</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">(589,623</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">)</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">(2,330,174</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">)</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">(7,019,250</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">)</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">Provision for income tax
    (benefit)</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">1,850</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">800</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">(366,947</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">)</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">(364,297</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">)</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">Net loss</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">(4,101,303</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">)</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">(590,423</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">)</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">(1,963,227</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">)</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">(6,654,953</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">)</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; padding-left: 10pt; text-indent: -10pt">Net loss
    attributable to noncontrolling interests</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">-</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">-</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">489,151</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">489,151</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; padding-left: 10pt; text-indent: -10pt">Net loss
    attributable to ABVC and subsidiaries</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">(4,101,303</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">)</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">(590,423</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">)</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">(1,474,067</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">)</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">(7,144,104</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">)</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; padding-left: 10pt; text-indent: -10pt">Foreign
    currency translation adjustment</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">-</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">-</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">86,786</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">86,786</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; padding-bottom: 4pt">Comprehensive Income (Loss)</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 4pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">$</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">(4,101,303</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 4pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">)</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 4pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">$</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">(590,423</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 4pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">)</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 4pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">$</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">(1,560,862</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 4pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">)</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 4pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 4pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 4pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 4pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 4pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 4pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 4pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 4pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 4pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">$</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">(7,230,890</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 4pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">)</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; padding-left: 10pt; text-indent: -10pt">Net loss
    per share attributable to common stockholders</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; padding-bottom: 4pt; padding-left: 9pt">Basic and
    diluted</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 4pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">$</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">(0.02</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 4pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">)</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 4pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 4pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 4pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 4pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 4pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 4pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 4pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 4pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 4pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 4pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 4pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 4pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 4pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 4pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 4pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 4pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 4pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">$</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">(0.03</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 4pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">)</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; padding-left: 10pt; text-indent: -10pt">Weighted
    average number of common shares outstanding</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; padding-bottom: 4pt; padding-left: 9pt">Basic and
    diluted</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 4pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">213,884,105</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 4pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 4pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 4pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 4pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 4pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 4pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 4pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 4pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 4pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 4pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 4pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 4pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 4pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 4pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 4pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 4pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 4pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 4pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">214,156,988</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 4pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
</TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>


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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; background-color: white"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt; background-color: white"><I>Notes
to the Unaudited Pro Forma Condensed Consolidated Combined Financial Statements</I></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; background-color: white"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; background-color: white"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>1.
Basis of Presentation</B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 24.5pt; background-color: white"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
unaudited pro forma condensed consolidated combined balance sheet as of December 31, 2018 is based on the audited consolidated
balance sheet of ABVC, the audited consolidated balance sheet of BioLite, and the audited balance sheet of BioKey as if the Merger
had occurred on December 31, 2018.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in; background-color: white"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
unaudited pro forma condensed consolidated combined statement of operations for the year ended December 31, 2018 is based on the
audited consolidated statement of operations of ABVC for the year ended December 31, 2018, the audited consolidated statement
of operations of BioLite for the year ended December 31, 2018, and the audited statement of operations of BioKey for the year
ended December 31, 2018, as if the Merger had occurred on December 31, 2018.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 24.5pt; background-color: white"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">BioLite
and the Company are related parties because the two companies are under common control by Dr. Tsung-Shann Jiang. BioKey is not
a related party to the Company or BioLite.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-indent: 24.5pt; background-color: white"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; background-color: white"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>2.
Pro Forma Adjustments</B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; background-color: white"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>&nbsp;</B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
following adjustments were made in the preparation of the audited pro forma condensed consolidated combined balance sheet and
unaudited pro forma condensed consolidated combined statements of operations:</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in; background-color: white"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<TABLE CELLSPACING="0" CELLPADDING="0" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%">
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">

    <TD STYLE="width: 24px; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">{a}</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Reconciliation
    of ABVC common stock to be issued to BioLite shareholders:</FONT></TD></TR>
</TABLE>
<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<TABLE CELLSPACING="0" CELLPADDING="0" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse">
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="width: 89%; padding-left: 9pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -9pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">BioLite
    Outstanding shares as of December 31, 2018</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 8%; text-align: right; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">41,207,444</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: white; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="padding-left: 9pt; text-indent: -9pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Exchange
    of each BioLite share of common stock outstanding as of December 31, 2018, for 1.82 shares of ABVC common stock</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: right; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">1.82</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="padding-left: 9pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -9pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">ABVC
    common stock to be issued to BioLite as a result of the Merger</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: right; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">74,997,548</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: white; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="padding-left: 9pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -9pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Par
    value $0.001 per share of ABVC</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">$</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: right; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">74,998</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD></TR>
</TABLE>
<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; background-color: white"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<TABLE CELLSPACING="0" CELLPADDING="0" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%">
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">

    <TD STYLE="width: 24px; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">{b}</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">ABVC
    common stock to be issued to BioKey shareholders in exchange of BioKey&rsquo;s common stock outstanding:</FONT></TD></TR>
</TABLE>
<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<TABLE CELLSPACING="0" CELLPADDING="0" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse">
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="width: 89%; padding-left: 9pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -9pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">BioKey
    Outstanding shares as of December 31, 2018</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 8%; text-align: right; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">7,428,134</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: white; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Exchange
    of each BioKey share of common stock outstanding as of December 31, 2018, for one share of ABVC common stock</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: right; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">1</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="padding-left: 9pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -9pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">ABVC
    common stock to be issued to BioKey as a result of the Merger</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: right; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">7,428,134</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: white; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="padding-left: 9pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -9pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Par
    value $0.001 per share of ABVC</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">$</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: right; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">7,428</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD></TR>
</TABLE>
<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<TABLE CELLSPACING="0" CELLPADDING="0" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%">
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">

    <TD STYLE="width: 24px; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">{c}</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">ABVC
    common stock to be issued to BioKey shareholders in exchange of BioKey&rsquo;s preferred stock outstanding:</FONT></TD></TR>
</TABLE>
<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<TABLE CELLSPACING="0" CELLPADDING="0" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse">
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">BioKey
    Outstanding shares as of December 31, 2018</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="text-align: right; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="width: 89%; padding-left: 9pt; text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">7,000,000
    shares of Series A</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 8%; text-align: right; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">7,000,000</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: white; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="padding-left: 9pt; text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">1,160,000
    shares of Series B</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: right; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">1,160,000</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="padding-left: 9pt; text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">13,973,097
    shares of Series C</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">13,973,097</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: white; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">BioKey&rsquo;s
    total shares of preferred stock outstanding as of December 31, 2018</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: right; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">22,133,097</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="padding-left: 9pt; text-indent: -9pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Exchange
    of each BioKey share of preferred stock outstanding as of December 31, 2018, for one share of ABVC common stock</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: right; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">1</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: white; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">ABVC
    common stock to be issued to BioKey as a result of the Merger</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: right; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">22,133,097</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Par
    value $0.001 per share of ABVC</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">$</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: right; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">22,133</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD></TR>
</TABLE>
<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; background-color: white"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; background-color: white"><FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"></FONT></P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; background-color: white"><FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<TABLE CELLSPACING="0" CELLPADDING="0" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%">
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">

    <TD STYLE="width: 24px; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">{d}</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Common
    stock outstanding as of December 31, 2018 following the Merger:</FONT></TD></TR>
</TABLE>
<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<TABLE CELLSPACING="0" CELLPADDING="0" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse">
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="width: 89%; text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">ABVC
    common stock issued as of December 31, 2018</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 8%; text-align: right; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">213,926,475</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: white; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">ABVC
    common stock held by BioLite pursuant to the BioLite Collaborative Agreement (see Note {g})</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: right; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(3,487,500</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">)</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">ABVC
    common stock held by BioLite for cash issuance (see Note {h})</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: right; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(1,468,750</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">)</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: white; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">ABVC
    common stock to be issued to BioLite as a result of the Merger</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: right; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">74,997,548</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">ABVC
    common stock to be issued to BioKey as a result of the Merger</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">29,561,231</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: white; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="padding-left: 9pt; text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 4pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Total
    common stock of the combined company outstanding following the Merger</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 4pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-bottom: Black 4pt double"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: right; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-bottom: Black 4pt double"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">313,529,004</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 4pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD></TR>
</TABLE>
<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; background-color: white"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<TABLE CELLSPACING="0" CELLPADDING="0" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%">
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">

    <TD STYLE="width: 24px; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">{e}</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Unless
    otherwise noted, adjustments to reflect the elimination of BioKey&rsquo;s total equity, the estimated value of consideration
    to be paid in the Merger and to adjust, where required, the historical book values of BioKey&rsquo;s assets and liabilities
    as of December 31, 2018 to the preliminary estimated fair value, in accordance with the acquisition method of accounting.
    The preliminary valuations were determined as of and, where applicable, are based on the bid-and-ask share price of ABVC common
    stock on the final day of trading, February 5, 2019. The fair value of the consideration given and assets and liabilities
    acquired will be determined based on the underlying fair values as of February 5, 2019.</FONT></TD></TR>
</TABLE>
<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<TABLE CELLSPACING="0" CELLPADDING="0" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse">
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Purchase
    consideration:</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="width: 89%; padding-left: 9pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Common
    stock (1)</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">$</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 8%; text-align: right; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">44,341,847</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: white; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Estimated
    Fair Value of Assets Acquired:</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: right; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="padding-left: 9pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Cash
    and cash equivalents</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">$</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: right; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">636,666</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: white; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="padding-left: 9pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Accounts
    receivable</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: right; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">43,204</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="padding-left: 9pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Accounts
    receivable - related parties</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: right; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">147,848</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: white; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="padding-left: 9pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Property
    and equipment</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: right; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">58,150</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="padding-left: 9pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Security
    deposits</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">10,440</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: white; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="padding-left: 0.25in; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Total
    assets acquired</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">$</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">896,308</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Estimated
    Fair Value of Liabilities Assumed:</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: right; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: white; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="padding-left: 9pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Due
    to shareholders</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">$</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: right; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="padding-left: 9pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Accrued
    expenses and other current liabilities</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: right; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">83,026</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: white; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="padding-left: 9pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Tenant
    security deposit</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">2,880</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="padding-left: 0.25in; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Total
    liabilities assumed</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">$</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">85,906</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: white; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="padding-left: 0.25in; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Total
    net assets acquired</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">$</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">810,402</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="padding-left: 0.25in; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Goodwill
    as a result of the Merger</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: black 4.5pt double; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">$</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: black 4.5pt double; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">43,531,445</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD></TR>
</TABLE>
<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<TABLE CELLSPACING="0" CELLPADDING="0" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%">
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">

    <TD STYLE="width: 24px; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(1)</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">29,561,231
    shares of ABVC common stock to be issued to BioKey in connection with the Merger. Those shares were valued at $1.50 per share,
    the closing share price of ABVC on February 5, 2019.</FONT></TD></TR>
</TABLE>
<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<TABLE CELLSPACING="0" CELLPADDING="0" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%">
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">

    <TD STYLE="width: 24px; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">{f}</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">As
    of December 31, 2018, BioLite had $59,810 due from ABVC; and ABVC had $58,684 due to BioLite. The difference was mainly due
    to the translation adjustment, which would be reflected in accumulated other comprehensive income in equity section.</FONT></TD></TR>
</TABLE>
<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>


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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<TABLE CELLSPACING="0" CELLPADDING="0" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%">
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">

    <TD STYLE="width: 24px; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">{g}</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B><U>Collaborative
    agreement with BioLite Inc., a related party</U></B></FONT></TD></TR>
</TABLE>
<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 0 0.25in; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">On
December 29, 2015, American BriVision Corporation (&ldquo;BriVision&rdquo;) entered into a collaborative agreement (the &ldquo;BioLite
Collaborative Agreement&rdquo;) with BioLite, a related party, pursuant to which BioLite granted BriVision sole licensing rights
for drug and therapeutic use of five products, including BLI-1005 CNS-Major Depressive Disorder, BLI-1008 CNS-Attention Deficit
Hyperactivity Disorder, BLI-1401-1 Anti-Tumor Combination Therapy-Solid Tumor with Anti-PD-1, BLI-1401-2 Anti-Tumor Combination
Therapy-Triple Negative Breast Cancer, and BLI-1501 Hematology-Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia, in the U.S.A and Canada. Under the
BioLite Collaborative Agreement, BriVision should pay a total of $100,000,000 in cash or stock of BriVision with equivalent value,
according to the following schedule:</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<TABLE CELLSPACING="0" CELLPADDING="0" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%">
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="width: 24px; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 24px; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#9679;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">upfront
    payment shall upon the signing of this BioLite Collaborative Agreement: 3.5% of total payment. After receiving upfront payment
    from BriVision, BioLite has to deliver all data to BriVision in one week.</FONT></TD></TR>
</TABLE>
<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<TABLE CELLSPACING="0" CELLPADDING="0" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%">
<TR STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; width: 24px; text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: top; width: 24px; text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#9679;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">upon
    the first IND submission, BriVision shall pay, but no later than December 15, 2016: 6.5% of total payment. After receiving
    second payment from BriVision, BioLite has to deliver IND package to BriVision in one week.</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: top; text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: top; text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#9679;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">at
    the completion of first phase II clinical trial, BriVision shall pay: 15% of total payment. After receiving third payment from
    BriVision, BioLite has to deliver phase II clinical study report to BriVision in three months.</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: top; text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: top; text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#9679;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">upon
    the phase III IND submission, BriVision shall pay: 20% of total payment. After receiving forth payment from BriVision, BioLite
    has to deliver IND package to BriVision in one week.</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: top; text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: top; text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#9679;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">at
    the completion of phase III, BriVision shall pay: 25% of total payment. After receiving fifth payment from BriVision, BioLite
    has to deliver phase III clinical study report to BriVision in three months.</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: top; text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: top; text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#9679;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">upon
    the NDA submission, BriVision shall pay BriVision shall pay: 30% of total payment. After receiving sixth payment from BriVision,
    BioLite has to deliver NDA package to BriVision in one week.&nbsp;</FONT></TD></TR>
</TABLE>
<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 0 0.25in; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">This
BioLite Collaborative Agreement shall, once signed by both Parties, remain in effect for fifteen years as of the first commercial
sales of the Product in the Territory and automatically renew for five more years unless either party gives the other party six
month written notice of termination prior to the expiration date of the term.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 0 0.25in; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 0 0.25in; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Pursuant
to the BioLite Collaborative Agreement, an upfront payment of $3,500,000 (the &ldquo;Milestone Payment&rdquo;), which is 3.5%
of total payments due under the BioLite Collaborative Agreement, was to be paid by BriVision upon signing of that agreement. On
May 6, 2016, BriVision and BioLite agreed to amend the BioLite Collaborative Agreement, and BriVision agreed to pay the Milestone
Payment to BioLite with $2,600,000 in cash and $900,000 in the form of newly issued shares of its common stock, at the price of
$1.60 per share, for an aggregate number of 562,500 shares. The cash payment and shares issuance were completed in June 2016.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 0 0.25in; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 0 0.25in; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Pursuant
to the BioLite Collaborative Agreement, the 6.5% of total payment, $6,500,000 shall be made upon the first IND submission which
was submitted in March 2016. On February 2017, BriVision agreed to pay this amount to BioLite with $650,000 in cash and $5,850,000
in the form of newly issued shares of its common stock, at the price of $2.0 per share, for an aggregate number of 2,925,000 shares.
The cash payment and shares issuance were completed in February 2017.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 0 0.25in; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 0 0.25in; text-align: justify"></P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 0 0.25in; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 0 0.25in; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Pursuant
to the BioLite Collaborative Agreement, the 15% of total payment, $15,000,000 shall be made at the completion of first phase II
clinical trial. As of December 31, 2018 and, 2017, the first phase II clinical trial research had not been completed yet.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 0 0.25in; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 0 0.25in; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
aggregate number of shares of common stock of American BriVision Corporation issued to BioLite pursuant to the BioLite Collaborative
Agreement was 3,487,500 shares, the value of which was $6,750,000. The unaudited pro forma adjustments were made as if the Merger
occurred on December 31, 2018. As such, these shares of common stock of BriVision held by BioLite shall not be treated as outstanding
shares, and shall be reflected as treasury shares. The corresponding long-term investment of BioLite has been written off in full
amount, included in the accumulated deficit as of December 31, 2018. Such amount has been eliminated in the pro forma condensed
balance sheet. Investment loss recognized as a result of the write-off amounted to $4,313,725 for the year ended December 31,
2018. Such amount has been eliminated in the pro forma condensed statement of operations.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 0 0.25in; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 0 0.25in; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">American
BriVision Corporation determined to fully expense the amount of $10,000,000 according to ASC 730-10-25-1. That amount was
fully expensed as research and development expense during the year ended December 31, 2016 and included in the accumulated
deficit of ABVC as of December 31, 2018. The aggregate amount of $10,000,000 was recorded and remained as additional paid-in
capital on BioLite as of December 31, 2018. Such amount has been eliminated in the pro forma condensed balance
sheet.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<TABLE CELLSPACING="0" CELLPADDING="0" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%">
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">

    <TD STYLE="width: 24px; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">{h}</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">On
    August 26, 2016, ABVC issued 1,468,750 shares of common stock, par value $0.001 to BioLite pursuant to that certain Stock
    Purchase Agreement dated August 26, 2016. The purchase price per share was $1.60. The net proceeds to the Company from the
    sale of such shares were approximately $2,350,000. The unaudited pro forma adjustments were made as if the Merger occurred
    on December 31, 2018. As such, these shares of common stock of ABVC held by BioLite shall be treated be treated as outstanding
    shares, and shall be reflected as treasury shares. The corresponding long-term investment of BioLite has been written off
    in full amount, included in the accumulated deficit as of December 31, 2018. Such amount has been eliminated in the pro forma
    condensed balance sheet.</FONT></TD></TR>
</TABLE>
<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: center">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B><A NAME="a_021"></A>RELATED
PARTY TRANSACTIONS OF DIRECTORS AND EXECUTIVE OFFICERS OF THE COMBINED COMPANY</B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>&nbsp;</B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>Collaboration
Agreement with BioLite, Inc.</B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">On
December 29, 2015, American BriVision Corporation entered into a Collaborative Agreement with BioLite Inc., a related party, pursuant
to which BioLite granted the Company sole licensing rights for drug and therapeutic use of five products: BLI-1005 CNS-Major Depressive
Disorder; BLI-1008 CNS-Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder; BLI-1401-1 Anti-Tumor Combination Therapy-Solid Tumor with Anti-PD-1;
BLI-1401-2 Anti-Tumor Combination Therapy-Triple Negative Breast Cancer; and BLI-1501 Hematology-Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia,
in USA and Canada. Under the Collaborative Agreement, BriVision would be required to pay a total of $100,000,000 in cash or stock
of BriVision with equivalent value, according to the following schedule:</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Pursuant
to the BioLite Collaborative Agreement, an upfront payment of $3,500,000 (the &ldquo;Milestone Payment&rdquo;), which is 3.5%
of total payments due under the BioLite Collaborative Agreement, was to be paid by the Company upon signing of that agreement.
On May 6, 2016, the Company and BioLite agreed to amend the BioLite Collaborative Agreement, and the Company agreed to pay the
Milestone Payment to BioLite with $2,600,000 in cash and $900,000 in the form of newly issued shares of its common stock, at the
price of $1.60 per share, for an aggregate number of 562,500 shares. The cash payment and shares issuance were completed in June
2016.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Pursuant
to the BioLite Collaborative Agreement, the 6.5% of total payment, $6,500,000 shall be made upon the first IND submission which
was submitted in March 2016. On February 2017, the Company agreed to pay this amount to BioLite with $650,000 in cash and $5,850,000
in the form of newly issued shares of its common stock, at the price of $2.0 per share, for an aggregate number of 2,925,000 shares.
The cash payment and shares issuance were completed in February 2017.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"></P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Pursuant
to the BioLite Collaborative Agreement, the 15% of total payment, $15,000,000 shall be made at the completion of first phase II
clinical trial. As of September 30, 2017, the first phase II clinical trial research has not completed yet.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">On
January 12, 2017, the Company entered into an Addendum (the &ldquo;Addendum&rdquo;) to the BioLite Collaborative Agreement which
was previously entered into with BioLite. Pursuant to the Addendum, the Company and BioLite agreed to include one more product,
namely, &ldquo;Maitake Combination Therapy&rdquo; as one of the Products defined in the BioLite Collaborative Agreement (the &ldquo;Sixth
Product&rsquo;) and defined the Territory of the Sixth Product to be worldwide and restate the Territory of the Five Products
to be the U.S.A and Canada.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">As
of December 31, 2018 and 2017, the amount due to BioLite is $0 and $6,500,000 respectively.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>Advances
from BioLite</B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">During
the years ended December 31, 2018 and 2017, BioLite has advanced funds to the Company for working capital purpose. The advances
bear 0% interest rate and are due on demand. As of December 31, 2018 and 2017, the outstanding advance balance was $58,684 and
$109,220, respectively. As of March 31, 2019, the outstanding advance balances in aggregate were $62,058.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>Collaboration
agreement with BioFirst Corporation</B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">On
July 24, 2017, American BriVision Corporation entered into a collaborative agreement (the &ldquo;BioFirst Collaborative Agreement&rdquo;)
with BioFirst Corporation (&ldquo;BioFirst&rdquo;), pursuant to which BioFirst granted BriVision the global licensing right for
medical use of the product (the &ldquo;Product&rdquo;): BFC-1401 Vitreous Substitute for Vitrectomy. BioFirst is a related party
to the Company because a controlling beneficiary shareholder of Yuangene Corporation who is the controlling shareholder of Brivision
trhough the Company is one of the directors and common stock shareholders of BioFirst.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"> <FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Pursuant
to the BioFirst Collaborative Agreement, Brivision will co-develop and commercialize the Product with BioFirst and pay BioFirst
in a total amount of $3,000,000 in cash or stock of Brivision before September 30, 2018. On September 25, 2017, BioFirst has delivered
all research, technical, data and development data to BriVision.</FONT> </P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"> On June 30, 2019, the Company and
BioFirst entered into a Stock Purchase Agreement (the &ldquo;Purchase Agreement&rdquo;), pursuant to which the Company shall
issue 428,571 shares of the Company&rsquo;s common stock to BioFirst in consideration for $3,000,000 owed by the Company to
BioFirst in connection with the BioFirst Collaborative Agreement. A copy of the Purchase Agreement was filed with the
Securities and Exchange Commission on July 12, 2019 in a current report on <A HREF="http://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/1173313/000121390019012615/f8k0719_americanbrivision.htm">Form
8-K</A>. </P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>Loan
from BioFirst</B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">On
January 26, 2017, BriVision and BioFirst entered into a loan agreement for a total commitment (non-secured indebtedness) of $950,000
to meet its working capital needs. Under the terms of the loan agreement, the loan bears interest at 1% per month (or equivalent
to 12% per annum) and the Company is required to pay interest monthly to the lender. The loan matured on February 2, 2019 and
the parties extended the loan for another year until February 1, 2020. As of March 31, 2019 and December 31, 2018, the outstanding
loan balance was $233,000 and $692,980, respectively, and accrued interest was $11,971 and $281, respectively. Interest expenses
in connection with this loan were $11,710 and $9,500 for the three months ended March 31, 2019 and 2018, respectively.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>Co-Development
agreement with Rgene Corporation</B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">On
May 26, 2017, American BriVision Corporation entered into a co-development agreement (the &ldquo;Co-Dev Agreement&rdquo;) with
Rgene Corporation (&ldquo;Rgene&rdquo;), a related party controlled by the controlling beneficiary shareholder of YuanGene Corporation,
who is the controlling shareholder of Brivision trhough the Company. Pursuant to Co-Dev Agreement, BriVision and Rgene agreed
to co-develop and commercialize certain products that are included in the Sixth Product as defined in the Addendum. Under the
terms of the Co-Dev Agreement, Rgene is to pay the Company $3,000,000 in cash or stock of Rgene with equivalent value by August
15, 2017.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">On
June 1, 2017, BriVision has delivered all research, technical, data and development data to Rgene. Since both Rgene and Brivision
are related parties controlled by the controlling beneficiary shareholder of YuanGene Corporation who is the controlling shareholder
of Brivision trhough the Company, Brivison has recorded the full amount of $3,000,000 in connection with the Co-Dev Agreement
as additional paid-in capital during the year ended September 30, 2017. As of the date of this report, Brivision has received
$450,000 in cash and the remaining balance of $2,550,000 in the form of newly issued shares of Rgene&rsquo;s common stock, at
the price of NT$50 (approximately equivalent to $1.60 per share), for an aggregate number of 1,530,000 shares, which accounted
for equity method long-term investment as of December 31, 2018.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;<B>&nbsp;</B></FONT></P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><B>&nbsp;</B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><B></B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>AsianGene
Related Transactions</B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">AsianGene
and ABVC are controlled by the same controlling beneficiary shareholder of Yuangene. During the year ended September 30, 2017,
the Company entered an operating lease agreement with Asiangene for an office space in Taiwan for the period from October 1, 2016
to July 31, 2017. Rent expenses under this lease agreement amounted to $0 and $52,205 for the years ended December 31, 2018 and
2017, respectively.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">In
September 2017, AsianGene entered into an investment and equity transfer agreement (the &ldquo;Investment and Equity Transfer
Agreement&rdquo;) with Everfront Biotech Inc. (&ldquo;Everfront&rdquo;), a third party. Pursuant to the Investment and Equity
Transfer Agreement, Everfront agreed to purchase 2,000,000 common shares of the Company owned by AsianGene at $1.60 per share
in a total amount of $3,200,000, of which $160,000 was due before September 15, 2017 and the remaining amount of $3,040,000 was
due before December 15, 2017. As of June 30, 2018 and December 31, 2017, Everfront purchased 100,000 shares of ABVC&rsquo;s common
stock from AsianGene for an aggregate amount of $160,000 which was paid to AsianGene and AsianGene in return loaned such amount
to ABVC for working capital purposes. On January 16, 2018, AsianGene and the Company entered into a loan agreement. Pursuant to
the loan agreement, the loan bears interest at 1% per month (or equivalent to 12% per annum) and the Company is required to pay
interest monthly to AsianGene. The loan was due on demand. As of March 31, 2019 and December 31, 2018, the outstanding loan balance
was $160,000 and accrued interest was $17,600 and $12,866, respectively. Interest expenses in connection with this loan were $4,734
and $3,945 for the three months ended March 31, 2019 and 2018, respectively.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>Convertible
Notes</B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">On
June 27, 2018, the Company issued an eighteen-month term unsecured convertible promissory note (the &ldquo;Keypoint Note&rdquo;)
in the aggregate principal amount of $250,000 to Keypoint Technology Ltd. (&ldquo;Keypoint&rdquo;). The Company received $250,000
which bears interest at 8% per annum. Interest expenses in connection with this Keypoint Note were $5,000 and $0 for the three
months ended March 31, 2019 and 2018, respectively.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">On
August 25, 2018, the Company issued an eighteen-month term unsecured convertible promissory note (the &ldquo;Odaira Note&rdquo;)
in the aggregate principal amount of $250,000 to Yoshinobu Odaira, a director of the Company (&ldquo;Odaira&rdquo;). The Company
received $250,000 on November 29, 2018 which bears interest at 8% per annum. Interest expense in connection with this Odaira Note
was $5,000 and $0 for the three months ended March 31, 2019 and 2018, respectively.</FONT></P>

<TABLE CELLSPACING="0" CELLPADDING="0" STYLE="width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><BR>
                                         As of March 31, 2019, Mr. Tsung-Shann Jiang and his spouse Ms. Shu-Ling Jiang had advanced
                                         funds to the Company for working capital purposes. The advances bear interest at 1% per
                                         month (or equivalent to 12% per annum) and are due on demand. As of March 31, 2019, the
                                         outstanding advance balance was $157,140 and the accrued interest was $10,454.</FONT></P>
        <P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>
        <P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">As
        of March 31, 2019, Lion Arts Promotion Inc. (&ldquo;LION&rdquo;), LionGene Corporation (&ldquo;LionGene&rdquo;), and Mr.
        Tsung-Shann Jiang, Ms. Shu-Ling Jiang and Mr. Eugene Jiang (&ldquo;the Jiangs&rdquo;) have also advanced funds to the
        Company         for working capital purpose. The advances bear 0% interest rate and are due on demand. As of March 31, 2019,
        the outstanding         advance balances in aggregate were $926,395. Mr. Tsung-Shann Jiang and Ms. Shu-Ling Jiang are husband
        and wife. Eugene         Jiang is the child of Mr. Jiang and Mrs. Jiang. LionGene and the Company are under common control of
        YuanGene. The chairperson         of LION is Ms. Shu-Ling Jiang.</FONT></P></TD></TR>
</TABLE>
<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>&nbsp;</B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>Promoters
and Certain Control Persons</B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">None
of our management or other control persons were &ldquo;promoters&rdquo; (within the meaning of Rule&nbsp;405 under the Securities
Act), and none of such persons took the initiative in the formation of our business or received any of our debt or equity securities
or any of the proceeds from the sale of such securities in exchange for the contribution of property or services, during the last
five years.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;<BR STYLE="clear: both"></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: center"></P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: center">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B><A NAME="a_022"></A>DESCRIPTION
OF SECURITIES</B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>General</B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
Company&rsquo;s authorized capital stock consists of:</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 24.5pt; background-color: white"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<TABLE CELLSPACING="0" CELLPADDING="0" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse">
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="width: 0.25in; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 0.25in; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#9679;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">20,000,000
    shares of Common Stock, $0.001 par value per share; and</FONT></TD></TR>
</TABLE>
<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 24.5pt; background-color: white"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<TABLE CELLSPACING="0" CELLPADDING="0" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse">
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="width: 0.25in; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 0.25in; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#9679;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">20,000,000
    shares of preferred stock, $0.001 par value per share.</FONT></TD></TR>
</TABLE>
<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Our
Common Stock may be issued for such consideration as may be fixed from time to time by our board of directors. Our board of directors
may issue such shares of our Common Stock in one or more series, with such voting powers, shall be stated in the resolution or
resolutions.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>Common
Stock</B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">As
of June 3, 2019, there were 17,694,156 shares of our Common Stock issued and outstanding giving the effect of the Merger. Holders
of Common Stock are entitled to cast one vote for each share on all matters submitted to a vote of shareholders, including the
election of directors. The holders of Common Stock are entitled to receive ratably such dividends, if any, as may be declared
by the Board out of funds legally available therefore. Such holders do not have any preemptive or other rights to subscribe for
additional shares. All holders of Common Stock are entitled to share ratably in any assets for distribution to shareholders upon
the liquidation, dissolution or winding up of the Company, subject to prior distribution rights of preferred stock then outstanding.
There are no conversions, redemptions or sinking fund provisions applicable to the Common Stock. All outstanding shares of Common
Stock are fully paid and non-assessable.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>Preferred
Stock</B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"> As of July 22, 2019, there is no preferred
stock outstanding. Pursuant to the articles of incorporation of the Company, the Board of Directors is expressly granted the authority
to&nbsp;issue preferred stock up to 20,000,000 shares and prescribe its designations. </P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>&nbsp;</B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
following description of preferred stock and the description of the terms of any particular series of preferred stock of the Company
are not complete. The Company&rsquo;s Board of Directors has the authority, without further action by the shareholders, to issue
shares of preferred stock in one or more series and to fix the rights, preferences, privileges and restrictions granted to or
imposed upon the preferred stock. Any or all of these rights may be greater than the rights of the Company&rsquo;s Common Stock.
These descriptions are qualified in their entirety by reference to the Company&rsquo;s Articles of Incorporation, as amended,
and the certificate of designation relating to each such series.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>Series
A Convertible Preferred Stock</B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>&nbsp;</B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
following summary of the material terms and provisions of our Series A Convertible Preferred Stock does not purport to be complete
and is qualified in its entirety by reference to our articles of incorporation, including the certificate of designation filed
with the State of Nevada on June 28, 2019.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"> Our board of directors designated 3,500,000
shares of our authorized but unissued Preferred Stock as Series A Convertible Preferred Stock. When issued in accordance with
this prospectus, the Series A Convertible Preferred Stock will be validly issued, fully paid and non-assessable. Our board of
directors may authorize the issuance and sale of additional shares of Series A Convertible Preferred Stock from time to time. </P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"></FONT></P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><I>Ranking</I></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
Series A Convertible Preferred Stock will rank, with respect to dividend rights and rights upon voluntary or involuntary liquidation,
dissolution or winding up of our affairs:</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<TABLE CELLSPACING="0" CELLPADDING="0" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%">
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="width: 24px; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 24px; text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#9679;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">senior
    to all classes or series of our Common Stock and to any other class or series of our capital stock expressly designated as
    ranking junior to the Series A Convertible Preferred Stock;</FONT></TD></TR>
</TABLE>
<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<TABLE CELLSPACING="0" CELLPADDING="0" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%">
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="width: 24px; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 24px; text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#9679;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">on
    parity any class or series of our capital stock expressly designated as ranking on parity with the Series A Convertible Preferred
    Stock, none of which exists on the date hereof; and</FONT></TD></TR>
</TABLE>
<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<TABLE CELLSPACING="0" CELLPADDING="0" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%">
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="width: 24px; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 24px; text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#9679;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">junior
    to any other class or series of our capital stock expressly designated as ranking senior to the Series A Convertible Preferred
    Stock, none of which exists on the date hereof.</FONT></TD></TR>
</TABLE>
<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
term &ldquo;capital stock&rdquo; does not include convertible or exchangeable debt securities, which, prior to conversion or exchange,
rank senior in right of payment to the Series A Convertible Preferred Stock. The Series A Convertible Preferred Stock will also
rank junior in right of payment to our other existing and future debt obligations.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><I>&nbsp;</I></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><I>Dividends</I></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Subject
to the preferential rights of the holders of any class or series of our capital stock ranking senior to the Series A Convertible
Preferred Stock with respect to dividend rights, holders of shares of the Series A Convertible Preferred Stock are entitled to
receive, when declared by us out of Dividend Reserve legally available for the payment of dividends, cumulative cash dividends
at the rate of&nbsp;5.0% of the Public Offering Price per annum.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Dividends
on the Series A Convertible Preferred Stock will accrue and be cumulative from and including the date of original issue and will
be payable to holders on record annually in arrears commencing from the date of issuance of Series A Convertible Preferred Stock.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Dividends
on the Series A Convertible Preferred Stock will accrue whether or not:</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0; text-align: center; margin-bottom: 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<TABLE CELLSPACING="0" CELLPADDING="0" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%">
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="width: 24px; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 24px; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#9679;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">we
    have earnings;</FONT></TD></TR>
</TABLE>
<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<TABLE CELLSPACING="0" CELLPADDING="0" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%">
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="width: 24px; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 24px; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#9679;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">there
    are funds legally available for the payment of those dividends; or</FONT></TD></TR>
</TABLE>
<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<TABLE CELLSPACING="0" CELLPADDING="0" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%">
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="width: 24px; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 24px; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#9679;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">those
    dividends are authorized or declared.</FONT></TD></TR>
</TABLE>
<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Any
dividend payment made on the Series A Convertible Preferred Stock will first be credited against the earliest accrued but unpaid
dividends due with respect to those shares which remain payable. Accrued but unpaid dividends on the Series A Convertible Preferred
Stock will accumulate as of the dividend payment date on which they first become payable. Holders of shares of Series A Convertible
Preferred Stock are also entitled to any dividend declared by the board of directors of the Company to the holders of our Common
Stock, whether such dividend payable in cash, property or shares of capital stock, in excess of full cumulative dividends on the
Series A Convertible Preferred Stock as described above.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">No
dividends on Series A Convertible Preferred Stock will be authorized by our board of directors and declared by us or paid or set
apart for payment if such authorization, declaration or payment is restricted or prohibited by law.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><I>Liquidation
Preference</I></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Upon
any voluntary or involuntary liquidation, dissolution or winding up of our affairs, before any distribution or payment shall be
made to holders of shares of our common stock or any other class or series of capital stock ranking, as to rights upon any voluntary
or involuntary liquidation, dissolution or winding up of our affairs, junior to the Series A Convertible Preferred Stock, holders
of shares of Series A Convertible Preferred Stock will be entitled to be paid out of our assets legally available for distribution
to our stockholders only to the extent of the accrued but unpaid dividend at that time, after payment of or provision for our
debts and other liabilities. If, upon our voluntary or involuntary liquidation, dissolution or winding up, we have assets legally
available for distribution after payments of the aggregate accrued but unpaid dividend on Series A Convertible Preferred Stock,
the holders of Series A Convertible Preferred Stock and Common Stock shall have the same liquidation preference with respect to
such residual assets. If, upon our voluntary or involuntary liquidation, dissolution or winding up, our available assets are insufficient
to pay the full amount of the accrued but unpaid dividend on all outstanding shares of Series A Convertible Preferred Stock, then
holders of shares of Series A Convertible Preferred Stock will share ratably in any distribution of assets in proportion to the
full liquidating distributions to which they would otherwise be respectively entitled.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"></FONT></P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><I>Conversion
Rights</I></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Each
share of Series A Convertible Preferred Stock is initially convertible at any time at the option of the holders into one share
of Common Stock and automatically converts into one share of Common Stock (the &ldquo;Conversion Ratio&rdquo;) on its four-year
anniversary of issuance and without the payment of additional consideration by the holder thereof.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">No
fractional shares shall be issued upon conversion of Series A Convertible Preferred Stock into Common Stock and no payment. In
lieu of delivering fractional shares, we will pay to the holder, to the extent permitted by law, an amount in cash equal to the
current fair market value of such fractional share as determined in good faith by our Board.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><I>&nbsp;</I></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><I>No
Maturity, Sinking Fund or Mandatory Redemption</I></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
Series A Convertible Preferred Stock has no maturity date and we are not required to redeem the Series A Convertible Preferred
Stock at any time. However, we may choose to convert all the outstanding shares of the Series A Convertible Preferred Stock into
our Common Stock at the same Conversion Ratio at any time, provided that we have prepaid and distributed all the dividend accrued
and to be accrued at the end of the four-year period since issuance thereof. Accordingly, the Series A Convertible Preferred Stock
will remain outstanding until automatically converted to Common Stock on the four-year anniversary of issuance, unless the holders
of the Series A Convertible Preferred Stock or we choose to convert the Series A Convertible Preferred Stock into the Common Stock.
The Series A Convertible Preferred Stock is also not subject to any sinking fund.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><I>&nbsp;</I></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><I>Voting
Rights</I></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Holders
of shares of the Series A Convertible Preferred Stock shall have the same voting rights as of the holders of our Common Stock.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>Warrants
and Options</B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"> As of July 22, 2019, we had no options
or warrants of the Company outstanding giving the effect of the Mergers. </P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>Transfer
Agent</B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
transfer agent and registrar for our Common Stock&nbsp;is:&nbsp;Olde&nbsp;Monmouth Stock Transfer, Inc.; Address: 200 Memorial
Pkwy, Atlantic Highlands, NJ 07716;&nbsp;Phone:&nbsp;(732) 872-2727;&nbsp;website:www.oldemonmouth.com.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>Anti-Takeover
Provisions</B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B><I>Nevada
Revised Statutes</I></B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><U>Acquisition
of Controlling Interest Statutes</U>. Nevada&rsquo;s &ldquo;acquisition of controlling interest&rdquo; statutes contain provisions
governing the acquisition of a controlling interest in certain Nevada corporations. These &ldquo;control share&rdquo; laws provide
generally that any person that acquires a &ldquo;controlling interest&rdquo; in certain Nevada corporations may be denied certain
voting rights, unless a majority of the disinterested stockholders of the corporation elects to restore such voting rights. These
statutes provide that a person acquires a &ldquo;controlling interest&rdquo; whenever a person acquires shares of a subject corporation
that, but for the application of these provisions of the Nevada Revised Statutes, would enable that person to exercise (1) one-fifth
or more, but less than one-third, (2) one-third or more, but less than a majority or (3) a majority or more, of all of the voting
power of the corporation in the election of directors. Once an acquirer crosses one of these thresholds, shares which it acquired
in the transaction taking it over the threshold and within the 90 days immediately preceding the date when the acquiring person
acquired or offered to acquire a controlling interest become &ldquo;control shares&rdquo; to which the voting restrictions described
above apply. Our articles of incorporation and bylaws currently contain no provisions relating to these statutes, and unless our
articles of incorporation or bylaws in effect on the tenth day after the acquisition of a controlling interest were to provide
otherwise, these laws would apply to us if we were to (i) have 200 or more stockholders of record (at least 100 of which have
addresses in the State of Nevada appearing on our stock ledger) and (ii) do business in the State of Nevada directly or through
an affiliated corporation. If these laws were to apply to us, they might discourage companies or persons interested in acquiring
a significant interest in or control of the Company, regardless of whether such acquisition may be in the interest of our stockholders.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"></FONT></P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><U>Combinations
with Interested Stockholders Statutes</U>. Nevada&rsquo;s &ldquo;combinations with interested stockholders&rdquo; statutes prohibit
certain business &ldquo;combinations&rdquo; between certain Nevada corporations and any person deemed to be an &ldquo;interested
stockholder&rdquo; for two years after such person first becomes an &ldquo;interested stockholder&rdquo; unless (i) the corporation&rsquo;s
board of directors approves the combination (or the transaction by which such person becomes an &ldquo;interested stockholder&rdquo;)
in advance, or (ii) the combination is approved by the board of directors and sixty percent of the corporation&rsquo;s voting
power not beneficially owned by the interested shareholder, its affiliates and associates. Furthermore, in the absence of prior
approval certain restrictions may apply even after such two-year period. For purposes of these statutes, an &ldquo;interested
stockholder&rdquo; is any person who is (x) the beneficial owner, directly or indirectly, of ten percent or more of the voting
power of the outstanding voting shares of the corporation, or (y) an affiliate or associate of the corporation and at any time
within the two previous years was the beneficial owner, directly or indirectly, of ten percent or more of the voting power of
the then outstanding shares of the corporation. The definition of the term &ldquo;combination&rdquo; is sufficiently broad to
cover most significant transactions between the corporation and an &ldquo;interested stockholder&rdquo;. Subject to certain timing
requirements set forth in the statutes, a corporation may elect not to be governed by these statutes. We have not included any
such provision in our articles of incorporation.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
effect of these statutes may be to potentially discourage parties interested in taking control of the Company from doing so if
it cannot obtain the approval of our board of directors.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>Listing</B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">We
intend to have our Common Stock and the Series A Convertible Preferred Stock approved for listing on Nasdaq. We have applied for
listing on Nasdaq of our Common Stock under the same symbol &ldquo;ABVC&rdquo; and will apply for listing on Nasdaq of the Series
A Convertible Preferred Stock under the symbol of &ldquo;___.&rdquo; We will not consummate and close this offering without a
listing approval letter of the Common Stock and Series A Convertible Preferred Stock from Nasdaq. Our receipt of a listing approval
letter is not the same as an actual listing on Nasdaq.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">If
any of our securities, such as Common Stock and Series A Convertible Preferred Stock, are listed on Nasdaq, we will be subject
to continued listing requirements and corporate governance standards. We expect these new rules and regulations to significantly
increase our legal, accounting and financial compliance costs.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>


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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B><A NAME="a_023"></A>SHARES
ELIGIBLE FOR FUTURE SALE</B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Prior
to this offering, there has been very limited public market for our capital stock. Future sales of our Common Stock or the Series
A Convertible Preferred Stock in the public market, or the availability of such shares for sale in the public market, could adversely
affect market prices prevailing from time to time. As described below, only a limited number of shares will be available for sale
shortly after this offering due to contractual and legal restrictions on resale. Nevertheless, sales of a substantial number of
shares of our Common Stock or the Series A Convertible Preferred Stock in the public market after such restrictions lapse, or
the perception that those sales may occur, could adversely affect the prevailing market price at such time and our ability to
raise equity-related capital at a time and price we deem appropriate.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>Sales
of Restricted Shares</B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"> Upon the closing of this offering, 1,428,571
shares at minimum and 3,285,714 shares at maximum of Series A Convertible Preferred Stock on an as-converted basis will be outstanding.
Of these shares, all of the shares of the Series A Convertible Preferred Stock sold in this offering, converted or not converted,
will be freely tradable without restriction or further registration under the Securities Act, unless the shares are held by any
of our &ldquo;affiliates&rdquo; as such term is defined in Rule 144 under the Securities Act. </P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
remaining shares of Common Stock not registered under any registration statement, including the Registration Statement on S-4,
held by existing stockholders will be deemed &ldquo;restricted securities&rdquo; as such term is defined under Rule 144. The restricted
securities were issued and sold by us in private transactions and are eligible for public sale only if registered under the Securities
Act or if they qualify for an exemption from registration under Rule 144 or Rule 701 under the Securities Act, which rules are
summarized below.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">As
a result of the lock-up agreements described below and the provisions of Rule 144 and Rule 701 under the Securities Act, all of
the shares of our Common Stock (excluding the shares to be sold in this offering) will be available for sale in the public market
upon the expiration of the lockup agreements, beginning 180 days after the date of this prospectus (subject to extension) and
when permitted under Rule 144 or Rule 701.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>Rule
144</B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">In
general, under Rule 144 as currently in effect, once we have been a reporting company subject to the reporting requirements of
Section 13 or 15(d) of the Exchange Act for 90 days, a person (or persons whose shares are aggregated) who is not deemed to have
been an affiliate of ours at any time during the three months preceding a sale, and who has beneficially owned restricted securities
within the meaning of Rule 144 for at least six months (including any period of consecutive ownership of preceding non-affiliated
holders) would be entitled to sell those shares, subject only to the availability of current public information about us. A non-affiliated
person who has beneficially owned restricted securities within the meaning of Rule 144 for at least one year would be entitled
to sell those shares without regard to the provisions of Rule 144.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Once
we have been a reporting company subject to the reporting requirements of Section 13 or 15(d) of the Exchange Act for 90 days,
a person (or persons whose shares are aggregated) who is deemed to be an affiliate of ours and who has beneficially owned restricted
securities within the meaning of Rule 144 for at least six months would be entitled to sell within any three-month period a number
of shares that does not exceed the greater of:</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<TABLE CELLSPACING="0" CELLPADDING="0" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%">
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="width: 24px; padding-right: 0.8pt; font-size: 10pt"> &nbsp; </TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 24px; padding-right: 0.8pt; font-size: 10pt"> <FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#9679;</FONT> </TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 0.8pt; text-align: justify; font-size: 10pt"> <FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">one
    percent of the then outstanding shares of our Common Stock and the Series A Convertible Preferred Stock as converted, which
    will equal approximately 191,227shares at minimum, or 209,799 shares at maximum immediately after this offering, based upon
    the number of shares of Common Stock outstanding as of June 3, 2019; and</FONT> </TD></TR>
</TABLE>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<TABLE CELLSPACING="0" CELLPADDING="0" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%">
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="width: 24px; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 24px; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#9679;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">the
    Nasdaq average weekly trading volume of our Common Stock and the Series A Convertible Preferred Stock as converted reported
    during the four calendar weeks preceding the filing of notice of the sale.</FONT></TD></TR>
</TABLE>
<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Such
sales are also subject to certain manner of sale provisions, notice requirements and the availability of current public information
about us.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"></FONT></P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>Rule
701</B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Employees,
directors, officers, consultants or advisors who purchase shares from us in connection with a compensatory stock or option plan
or other written compensatory agreement in accordance with Rule 701 before the effective date of the registration statement are
entitled to sell such shares 90 days after the effective date of the registration statement in reliance on Rule 144 without having
to comply with the holding period requirement of Rule 144 and, in the case of non-affiliates, without having to comply with the
public information, volume limitation or notice filing provisions of Rule 144. The SEC has indicated that Rule 701 will apply
to typical stock options granted by an issuer before it becomes subject to the reporting requirements of the Exchange Act, along
with the shares acquired upon exercise of such options, including exercises after the date of this prospectus. However, all Rule
701 shares are subject to lock-up agreements as described below and under &ldquo;Underwriting&rdquo; included elsewhere in this
prospectus and will become eligible for sale upon the expiration of the restrictions set forth in those agreements.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>Lock-up
Agreements</B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">All
of our directors and officers and existing beneficial owners of 5% or more of our outstanding Common Stock have agreed not to
sell or otherwise transfer or dispose of any Common Stock for a period of one hundred and eighty (180) days from the date of this
prospectus, subject to certain exceptions and extensions. See &ldquo;Underwriting&rdquo; for a description of these lock-up provisions.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></P>


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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>&nbsp;</B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B><A NAME="a_024"></A>UNDERWRITING</B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"> We expect to enter into an underwriting
agreement with the Underwriter named therein with respect to the Series A Convertible Preferred Stock in our offering. Under the
terms and subject to the conditions contained in the underwriting agreement, we have agreed to issue and sell a minimum offering
amount of the Series A Convertible Preferred Stock and a maximum offering&nbsp;amount of the Series A Convertible Preferred Stock
on a best efforts basis. The offering is being made without a firm commitment by the Underwriter, which has no obligation or commitment
to purchase any securities. The Underwriter is not required to sell any specific dollar amount of Series A Convertible Preferred
Stock but will use its best efforts to sell the Series A Convertible Preferred Stock offered. </P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">We
do not intend to close this offering unless we sell at least a minimum number of shares, at the price per share set forth on the
cover page of this prospectus, to result in sufficient proceeds to list the Series A Convertible Preferred Stock on Nasdaq. We
intend to apply to list the Series A Convertible Preferred Stock on Nasdaq under the symbol &ldquo;____&rdquo;. Because this is
a best efforts offering, the Underwriter does not have an obligation to purchase any securities, and, as a result, we may not
be able to sell the minimum number of Series A Convertible Preferred Stock. Our exclusive engagement with the Underwriter with
respect to this offering may terminate, as the case may be, on the earlier of (i) any time after the minimum offering amount of
the Series A Convertible Preferred Stock is raised, or (ii) one hundred and eighty (180) days from the date of this prospectus,
or the expiration date. If we can successfully raise the minimum offering amount within the offering period, the proceeds from
the offering will be released to us.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">We
expect that delivery of the Series A Convertible Preferred Stock will be made to investors through the book-entry facilities of
the Olde Monmouth Stock Transfer Co., Inc.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
underwriting agreement provides that the obligation of the Underwriter to sell the Series A Convertible Preferred Stock, on a
best efforts basis, is subject to certain conditions precedent, including but not limited to (1) obtaining listing approval on
Nasdaq, (2) delivery of legal opinions and (3) delivery of auditor comfort letters. The Underwriter is under no obligation to
purchase any Series A Convertible Preferred Stock for its own account. Trading in the Series A Convertible Preferred Stock will
commence within five days after the date of the initial issuance of the Series A Convertible Preferred Stock pursuant to this
prospectus. As an offering on a best efforts basis, there can be no assurance that the offering contemplated hereby will ultimately
be consummated. The Underwriter may, but is not obligated to, retain other selected dealers that are qualified to offer and sell
the shares and that are members of the Financial Industry Regulatory Authority, Inc. (&ldquo;FINRA&rdquo;).</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Pursuant
to an offering deposit account agent agreement to be entered by and among us, the Underwriter and the Deposit Account Agent until
at least 1,428,571 shares of Series A Convertible Preferred Stock are sold, all funds received in payment for securities sold
in this offering will be required to be submitted by subscribers to a non-interest bearing escrow account with the Deposit Account
Agent at Pacific Mercantile Bank and will be held by the Deposit Account Agent for such account. The Deposit Account Agent is
affiliated with the Underwriter, as the Deposit Account Agent is under the same indirect common ownership as the Underwriter.
The Underwriter and we shall require all investor checks for payment for the securities to be made payable to &ldquo;FinTech Clearing,
as Deposit Account Agent for the Investors in American Brivision (Holding) Corporation.&rdquo; All subscription agreements and
checks should be delivered to FinTech Clearing, LLC, Attention: Brian Park. Failure to do so will result in checks being returned
to the investor who submitted the check. The investors will have sole claim to the proceeds held in trust prior to the receipt
of the minimum offering proceeds. The funds are held for the benefit of the investors until the minimum is reached. Prior to reaching
the minimum claims may not be reached by creditors of the Company. If the Underwriter does not sell at least 1,428,571 shares
of Series A Convertible Preferred Stock by the Termination Date, all funds will be returned promptly to subscribers without interest
or deduction. If this Offering completes, then on the closing date, net proceeds will be delivered to us and we will issue the
shares of Series A Convertible Preferred Stock to purchasers. Unless purchasers instruct us otherwise, we will deliver the shares
of Series A Convertible Preferred Stock electronically upon receipt of purchaser funds to the accounts of those purchasers who
hold accounts at the Underwriter, or elsewhere, as specified by the purchaser, as soon as practical upon the closing of the Offering.
Alternately, purchasers who do not carry an account at the Underwriter may request that the shares be held in book-entry at the
Company&rsquo;s transfer agent, or may be issued in book-entry at the Company&rsquo;s transfer agent and subsequently delivered
electronically to the purchasers&rsquo; respective brokerage account upon request of the purchasers.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"></FONT></P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>Fees,
Commissions and Expense Reimbursement</B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"> The Underwriter will receive an underwriting
commission equal to 7% of the gross amount to be raised in this offering, between $700,000 in the case of the minimum offering
amount and $1,610,000 in the case of the maximum amount. </P>



<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
following table shows, for each of the minimum and maximum offering amounts, the per share and maximum total public offering price,
underwriting fees and commissions to be paid to the Underwriter by us, and proceeds to us, before expenses.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"></FONT></P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom">
    <TD> <B>&nbsp;</B> </TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> <B>&nbsp;</B> </TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid"> <B>Initial Public Offering Price</B> </TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> <B>&nbsp;</B> </TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> <B>&nbsp;</B> </TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid"> <B>Underwriting Commissions</B> </TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> <B>&nbsp;</B> </TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> <B>&nbsp;</B> </TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid"> <B>Proceeds to Our Company Before Expenses</B> </TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"> <B>&nbsp;</B> </TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="width: 64%; text-align: justify"> Minimum Offering Amount </TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%"> &nbsp; </TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 1%; text-align: left"> $ </TD><TD STYLE="width: 9%; text-align: right"> 10,000,000 </TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; text-align: left"> &nbsp; </TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%"> &nbsp; </TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 1%; text-align: left"> $ </TD><TD STYLE="width: 9%; text-align: right"> 700,000 </TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; text-align: left"> &nbsp; </TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%"> &nbsp; </TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 1%; text-align: left"> $ </TD><TD STYLE="width: 9%; text-align: right"> 9,300,000 </TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; text-align: left"> &nbsp; </TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: justify"> Maximum Offering Amount </TD><TD> &nbsp; </TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left"> $ </TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right"> 23,000,000 </TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left"> &nbsp; </TD><TD> &nbsp; </TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left"> $ </TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right"> 1,610,000 </TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left"> &nbsp; </TD><TD> &nbsp; </TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left"> $ </TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right"> 21,390,000 </TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left"> &nbsp; </TD></TR>
</TABLE>



<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"> Because the actual amount to be raised
in this offering is uncertain, the actual total offering commissions are not presently determinable and may be substantially less
than the maximum amounts set forth above. </P>



<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Our
obligation to issue and sell Series A Convertible Preferred Stock to investors is subject to the conditions set forth in the subscription
agreement, which may be waived by us at our discretion. An investor&rsquo;s obligation to purchase securities is subject to the
conditions set forth in the subscription agreement as well, which may also be waived.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Under
the underwriting agreement, we would agree to reimburse the Underwriter&rsquo;s reasonable out-of-pocket expenses incurred by
the Underwriter in connection with this offering, including i) legal fees up to $75,000 ($25,000 of which have already been paid),
ii) due diligence expenses up to $75,000 ($50,000 of which have already been paid), iii) road show, travel, platform on-boarding
fees and other reasonable out-of-pocket expenses up to $50,000, and iv) $6,000 for background checks on Company&rsquo;s officers,
directors and major shareholders. The reimbursable accountable expenses shall not exceed $250,000 and shall be refundable to us
the extent actually not incurred by the Underwriter in accordance with FINRA Rule&nbsp;5110(f)(2)(C). We have advanced a total
of $15,000 in accountable expenses as of the date hereof.&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">We
have also agreed to grant to the Underwriter warrants covering a number of shares of Common Stock equal to seven percent of the
aggregate number of shares underlying the Series A Convertible Preferred Stock being sold in the offering. The Underwriter Warrants
will be exercisable, in whole or in part, during a period commencing on the date of issuance and will expire on the five-year
anniversary of the effective date of our offering pursuant to FINRA Rule 5110(f)(2)(G)(i). The Underwriter Warrants will be exercisable
at a price equal to the Public Offering Price. We will register the shares of Common Stock underlying
the Underwriter Warrants and will file all necessary undertakings in connection therewith. The Underwriter Warrants may not be
sold, transferred, assigned, pledged, hypothecated, or be the subject of any hedging, short sale, derivative, put, or call transaction
that would result in the effective economic disposition of the securities by any person for a period of 180 days immediately following
the SEC&rsquo;s declaration of effectiveness of our registration statement on Form S-1, of which this prospectus forms a part
(in accordance with FINRA Rule 5110(g)(i)), except as may be permitted under FINRA Rule 5110(g)(2)A)(ii). The Underwriter Warrants
may be exercised as to all or a lesser number of shares, will provide for cashless exercise and will contain provisions for one
demand registration of the sale of underlying shares at our expense, an additional demand registration at the Underwriter Warrants&rsquo;
holders&rsquo; expenses, and unlimited &ldquo;piggyback&rdquo; registration rights at our expense for a period of three years
after the effective date of the Offering pursuant to FINRA Rule 5110(f)(2)(G)(iv). The demand for registration may be made at
any time one year after the effective date of the Offering but no later than three years the effective date of the Offering pursuant
to FINRA Rule 5110(f)(2)(G)(v). We are registering the Underwriter Warrants and the shares of Common Stock underlying the Underwriter
Warrants in this offering.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"></FONT></P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">We
have agreed to pay our expenses related to the offering. We estimate that our total expenses related to this offering, excluding
the estimated commissions to the Underwriter and payment of the Underwriter&rsquo;s expenses referred to above, will be approximately
US$[&#9679;], all of which are payable by us.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
Underwriter intends to offer our to their retail customers only in states in which we are permitted to offer our Series A Convertible
Preferred Stock. We have relied on an exemption to the blue sky registration requirements afforded to &ldquo;covered securities.&rdquo;
Securities listed on the Nasdaq Capital Market are &ldquo;covered securities.&rdquo; If we were unable to meet the Nasdaq Capital
Market&rsquo;s listing standards, then we would be unable to rely on the covered securities exemption to blue sky registration
requirements and we would need to register the offering in each state in which we planned to sell shares. Consequently, we will
not complete this offering unless we meet the Nasdaq Capital Market&rsquo;s listing requirements.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
foregoing does not purport to be a complete statement of the terms and conditions of the underwriting agreement and subscription
agreement. The underwriting agreement and a form of subscription agreement are included as exhibits to the registration statement
of which this prospectus forms a part.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>Deposit
Account Agent and Deposit of Offering Proceeds</B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
Underwriter and the Company have agreed in accordance with the provisions of SEC Rule&nbsp;15c2-4 to cause all funds received
by the Underwriter for the sale of the Series A Convertible Preferred Stock to be promptly deposited in a non-interest bearing
escrow account (&ldquo;Offering Deposit Account&rdquo;) at Pacific Mercantile Bank maintained by FinTech Clearing, LLC (the &ldquo;Deposit
Account Agent&rdquo;) as deposit account agent for the investors in the offering. The purpose of the Offering Deposit Account
is for (i) the deposit of all subscription monies (checks or wire transfers) which are received by the Underwriter from prospective
purchasers of our offered Series A Convertible Preferred Stock and are delivered by the Underwriter to the Deposit Account Agent,
(ii) the holding of amounts of subscription monies which are collected through the banking system, and (iii) the disbursement
of collected funds. The Deposit Account Agent will exercise signature control on the escrow account and will act based on joint
instructions from our Company and the Underwriter. On the closing date for the offering, and presuming that all conditions to
closing have been attained (i.e. Nasdaq approval and other conditions described herein) proceeds in the escrow account maintained
by the Deposit Account Agent will be delivered to our company.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
Underwriter shall promptly deliver to the Deposit Account Agent all funds in the form of checks or wire transfers which it receives
from prospective purchasers of our Series A Convertible Preferred Stock by noon of the next business day following receipt where
internal supervisory review is conducted at the same location at which subscription documents and funds are received. Simultaneously
with each deposit to the Offering Deposit Account, the Underwriter shall inform the Deposit Account Agent about the subscription
information for each prospective purchaser. Upon the Deposit Account Agent&rsquo;s receipt of such monies, they shall be credited
to the Deposit Account. All checks delivered to the Deposit Account Agent shall be made payable to &ldquo;FinTech Clearing, LLC,
as Deposit Account Agent for American Brivision (Holding) Corporation.&rdquo; The Deposit Account Agent shall not be required
to accept for credit to the Offering Deposit Account or for deposit into the Offering Deposit Account checks which are not accompanied
by the appropriate subscription information. Wire transfers representing payments by prospective purchasers shall not be deemed
deposited in the Offering Deposit Account until the Deposit Account Agent has received in writing the subscription information
required with respect to such payments.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">No
interest will be available for payment to either us or the investors (since the funds are being held in a non-interest bearing
account). All subscription funds will be held in trust pending the raising of the minimum offering amount and no funds will be
released to us until the completion of the offering. Release of the funds to us is based upon the Deposit Account Agent reviewing
the records of the depository institution holding the escrow to verify that the funds received have cleared the banking system
prior to releasing the funds to us. All subscription information and subscription funds through checks or wire transfers should
be delivered to the Deposit Account Agent. Failure to do so will result in subscription funds being returned to the investor.
In event that the offering is terminated, all subscription funds from the escrow account will be returned to investors.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"></FONT></P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">If
we do not terminate this offering before the offering is terminated, all amounts will be promptly returned to the investors as
described below. In the event of any dispute between us and the Underwriter, including whether and how funds are to be reimbursed,
the Deposit Account Agent is entitled to petition a court of competent jurisdiction to resolve any such dispute.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Investors
must pay in full for Series A Convertible Preferred Stock at the time of investment. Payment for the shares may be made by wire
made payable to &ldquo;FinTech Clearing, LLC, as Deposit Account Agent for American Brivision (Holding) Corporation.&rdquo; The
Underwriter will inform prospective investors of the anticipated date of closing.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Proceeds
deposited in the Offering Deposit Account held by Deposit Account Agent may not be withdrawn by investors prior to the earlier
of the closing of the offering or the date the offering is terminated. If the offering is withdrawn or canceled or terminated
and proceeds therefrom are not received by us on or prior to the date the offering is terminated, all proceeds will be promptly
returned by the Deposit Account Agent without interest or deduction to the persons from which they are received (within one business
day) in accordance with applicable securities laws. All such proceeds will be placed in a non-interest bearing account pending
such time.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>Right
of First Refusal</B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Until
twelve (12) months from the closing of this public offering, the Underwriter shall have an irrevocable right of first refusal
to act as lead or managing Underwriter, exclusive financial advisor or in any other similar capacity, on the representative&rsquo;s
customary terms and conditions, in the event we pursue a registered, underwritten public offering of securities (in addition to
this offering), a public or private offering of securities (debt or equity), a merger, acquisition of another company or business,
change of control, sale of substantially all assets, business combination, recapitalization or other similar transaction (regardless
of whether we would be considered an acquiring party, a selling party or neither in such transaction). The Underwriter shall have
the sole right to determine whether or not any other broker-dealer shall have the right to participate in any such offering and
the economic terms of any such participation.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>Lock-Up
Agreements</B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Each
of our directors, executive officers and existing beneficial owners of 5% or more of our outstanding Common Stock has agreed that,
subject to certain exceptions, such director, executive officer or beneficial owner of 5% or more of our outstanding Common Stock
will not, without the prior written consent of the Underwriter, during the 180-day period from the effectiveness of the registration
statement on Form S-1:</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<TABLE CELLSPACING="0" CELLPADDING="0" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%">
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="width: 24px; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 24px; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#9679;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">offer,
    pledge, sell, contract to sell, grant, lend or otherwise transfer or dispose of, directly or indirectly, any Common Stock,
    Series A Convertible Preferred Stock or securities convertible into or exercisable or exchangeable for Common Stock;</FONT></TD></TR>
</TABLE>
<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<TABLE CELLSPACING="0" CELLPADDING="0" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%">
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="width: 24px; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 24px; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#9679;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">enter
    into any swap or other arrangement that transfers to another, in whole or in part, any of the economic consequences of ownership
    of the Common Stock, Series A Convertible Preferred Stock or securities convertible into or exercisable or exchangeable for
    Common Stock; or</FONT></TD></TR>
</TABLE>
<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<TABLE CELLSPACING="0" CELLPADDING="0" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%">
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="width: 24px; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 24px; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#9679;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">make
    any demand for or exercise any right with respect to, the registration of any Common Stock, Series A Convertible Preferred
    Stock or securities convertible into or exercisable or exchangeable for Common Stock;</FONT></TD></TR>
</TABLE>
<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">whether
any such transaction described above is to be settled by delivery of Common Stock, Series A Convertible Preferred Stock or securities
convertible into or exercisable or exchangeable for Common Stock, in cash or otherwise.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Prior
to this Offering, there has been no established public market for our Common Stock and Series A Convertible Preferred Stock. The
public offering price of the Series A Convertible Preferred Stock will be determined by negotiations between us and the Underwriter.
In determining the public offering price of the Series A Convertible Preferred Stock, we and the Underwriter expect to consider
a number of factors, including:</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<TABLE CELLSPACING="0" CELLPADDING="0" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%">
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="width: 24px; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 24px; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#9679;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">the
    information set forth in this prospectus and otherwise available to the representatives;</FONT></TD></TR>
</TABLE>
<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<TABLE CELLSPACING="0" CELLPADDING="0" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%">
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="width: 24px; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 24px; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#9679;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">our
    prospects and the history and prospects for the industry in which we compete;</FONT></TD></TR>
</TABLE>
<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: -0.25in"></P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0; text-align: center">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLSPACING="0" CELLPADDING="0" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%">
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="width: 24px; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 24px; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#9679;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">an
    assessment of our management;</FONT></TD></TR>
</TABLE>
<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<TABLE CELLSPACING="0" CELLPADDING="0" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%">
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="width: 24px; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 24px; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#9679;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">our
    prospects for future earnings;</FONT></TD></TR>
</TABLE>
<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<TABLE CELLSPACING="0" CELLPADDING="0" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%">
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="width: 24px; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 24px; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#9679;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">the
    general condition of the securities markets at the time of this offering;</FONT></TD></TR>
</TABLE>
<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<TABLE CELLSPACING="0" CELLPADDING="0" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%">
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="width: 24px; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 24px; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#9679;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">the
    recent market prices of, and demand for, publicly traded securities of generally comparable companies; and</FONT></TD></TR>
</TABLE>
<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<TABLE CELLSPACING="0" CELLPADDING="0" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%">
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="width: 24px; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 24px; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#9679;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">other
    factors deemed relevant by the Underwriter and us.</FONT></TD></TR>
</TABLE>
<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
estimated public offering price set forth on the cover page of this preliminary prospectus is subject to change as a result of
market conditions and other factors. Neither we nor the Underwriter can assure investors that an active trading market will develop
for our Series A Convertible Preferred Stock, or that the shares will trade in the public market at or above the public offering
price.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>Indemnification
of Underwriters</B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">We
have agreed to indemnify the Underwriter against certain liabilities, including liabilities under the Securities Act. If we are
unable to provide this indemnification, we will contribute to payments that the Underwriter may be required to make for these
liabilities.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>Terms
of the Offering</B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"> We are offering, on a best efforts
basis, a minimum of approximately 1,428,571 shares and a maximum of approximately 3,285,714 shares of Series A Convertible Preferred
Stock. The Offering is being made without a firm commitment by the Underwriter, which has no obligation or commitment to purchase
any securities. The Underwriter is not required to sell any specific number of dollar amount of Series A Convertible Preferred
Stock but will use its best efforts to sell the Series A Convertible Preferred Stock. The shares of Series A Convertible Preferred
Stock are being offered for a period not to exceed 180 days. If the minimum offering amount is not raised within 180 days from
the date of this prospectus, all subscription funds from the Offering Deposit Account will be returned to investors promptly without
interest (since the funds are being held in a non-interest bearing account) or deduction of fees. The offering will terminate
upon the earlier of: (i)&nbsp;a date mutually acceptable to us and our Underwriter after which the minimum offering is sold or
(ii) one hundred and eighty (180) days from the effective date of this registration statement, unless extended by the Company
or the Underwriter (the &ldquo;Termination Date&rdquo;). If we can successfully raise at least the minimum offering amount within
the offering period, the proceeds from the Offering will be released to us. On the closing date, the following will occur: </P>



<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<TABLE CELLSPACING="0" CELLPADDING="0" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%">
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="width: 24px; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 24px; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#9679;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">we
    will receive funds in the amount of the aggregate purchase price of the shares of Series A Convertible Preferred Stock being
    sold by us on such closing date;</FONT></TD></TR>
</TABLE>
<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<TABLE CELLSPACING="0" CELLPADDING="0" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%">
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="width: 24px; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 24px; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#9679;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">we
    will cause to be delivered the Series A Convertible Preferred Stock being sold on such closing date in book-entry form; and</FONT></TD></TR>
</TABLE>
<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<TABLE CELLSPACING="0" CELLPADDING="0" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%">
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="width: 24px; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 24px; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#9679;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">we
    will pay the Underwriter its commissions and expenses.</FONT></TD></TR>
</TABLE>
<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"></P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>Price
Stabilization</B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
Underwriter will be required to comply with the Securities Act and the Exchange Act, including without limitation, Rule 10b-5
and Regulation M under the Exchange Act. These rules and regulations may limit the timing of purchases and sales of shares of
capital stock by the Underwriter acting as principal. Under these rules and regulations, the Underwriter:</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<TABLE CELLSPACING="0" CELLPADDING="0" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%">
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="width: 24px; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 24px; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#9679;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">may
    not engage in any stabilization activity in connection with our securities; and</FONT></TD></TR>
</TABLE>
<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<TABLE CELLSPACING="0" CELLPADDING="0" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%">
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="width: 24px; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 24px; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#9679;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">may
    not bid for or purchase any of our securities or attempt to induce any person to purchase any of our securities, other than
    as permitted under the Exchange Act, until it has completed its participation in the distribution.</FONT></TD></TR>
</TABLE>
<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>&nbsp;</B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>Electronic
Offer, Sale and Distribution of Securities.</B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">A
prospectus in electronic format may be delivered to potential investors by the Underwriter. The prospectus in electronic format
will be identical to the paper version of such prospectus. Other than the prospectus in electronic format, the information on
the Underwriter&rsquo;s website and any information contained in any other website maintained by the Underwriter is not part of
the prospectus or the registration statement of which this Prospectus forms a part.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>&nbsp;</B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>Foreign
Regulatory Restrictions on Purchase of our Shares</B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">We
have not taken any action to permit a public offering of our shares outside the United States or to permit the possession or distribution
of this prospectus outside the United States. People outside the United States who come into possession of this prospectus must
inform themselves about and observe any restrictions relating to this Offering of our shares and the distribution of this prospectus
outside the United States.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>Application
for Nasdaq Listing.</B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">We
have applied for listing on Nasdaq of our Common Stock under the same symbol &ldquo;ABVC&rdquo; and will apply for listing on
Nasdaq of the Series A Convertible Preferred Stock under the symbol of &ldquo;___.&rdquo; We will not consummate and close this
offering without a listing approval letter of the Common Stock and Series A Convertible Preferred Stock from Nasdaq. Our receipt
of a listing approval letter is not the same as an actual listing on Nasdaq.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">If
any of our securities, such as Common Stock and Series A Convertible Preferred Stock, are listed on Nasdaq, we will be subject
to continued listing requirements and corporate governance standards. We expect the compliance with these new rules and regulations
to significantly increase our legal, accounting and financial compliance costs.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"></FONT></P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B><A NAME="a_025"></A>LEGAL
MATTERS</B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
validity of the securities being offered by this prospectus been passed upon for us by Sichenzia Ross Ference LLP, New York, New
York. Certain legal matters in connection with this offering will be passed upon for the Underwriter by&nbsp;Hunter Taubman Fischer
&amp; Li LLC.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B><A NAME="a_026"></A>EXPERTS</B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
consolidated financial statements of American BriVision (Holding) Corporation as of December 31, 2018 and 2017 included elsewhere
in this prospectus have been audited by KCCW Accountancy Corp., independent registered public accounting firm, as set forth in
their report appearing elsewhere herein, and are included in reliance upon such report given on the authority of such firm as
experts in accounting and auditing.&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B><A NAME="a_027"></A>WHERE
YOU CAN FIND MORE INFORMATION</B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">We
are a reporting company and file annual, quarterly and special reports, and other information with the SEC. Copies of the
reports and other information may be read and copied at the SEC&rsquo;s Public Reference Room at 100 F Street N.E.,
Washington, D.C. 20549. You can request copies of such documents by writing to the SEC and paying a fee for the copying cost.
You may obtain information on the operation of the Public Reference Room by calling the SEC at 1-800-SEC-0330. The SEC
maintains a web site at <U>http://www.sec.gov</U> that contains reports, proxy and information statements and other
information regarding registrants that file electronically with the SEC.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">This
prospectus is part of a registration statement on <A HREF="http://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/1173313/000121390018015834/fs12018_americanbrivision.htm">Form S-1</A> that we filed with the SEC. Certain information in the registration
statement has been omitted from this prospectus in accordance with the rules and regulations of the SEC. We have also filed exhibits
and schedules with the registration statement that are excluded from this prospectus. For further information you may:</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<TABLE CELLSPACING="0" CELLPADDING="0" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%">
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="width: 24px; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 24px; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#9679;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">read
    a copy of the registration statement, including the exhibits and schedules, without charge at the SEC&rsquo;s Public Reference
    Room; or</FONT></TD></TR>
</TABLE>
<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<TABLE CELLSPACING="0" CELLPADDING="0" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%">
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="width: 24px; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 24px; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#9679;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">obtain
    a copy from the SEC upon payment of the fees prescribed by the SEC.</FONT></TD></TR>
</TABLE>
<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">We
file periodic reports, proxy statements, and other information with the SEC. These periodic reports, proxy statements, and other
information will be available for inspection and copying at the SEC&rsquo;s public reference facilities and the website of the
SEC referred to above. After the closing of this offering, you may access our annual reports on Form 10-K, quarterly reports on
Form 10-Q, current reports on Form 8-K, and amendments to those reports filed or furnished pursuant to Section 13(a) or 15(d)
of the Exchange Act with the SEC free of charge as soon as reasonably practicable after such material is electronically filed
with, or furnished to, the SEC. The information contained in, or that can be accessed through, our website is not incorporated
by reference into this prospectus.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></P>


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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: center; background-color: white"><FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><B>INDEX
TO FINANCIAL INFORMATION</B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: center; background-color: white"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<TABLE CELLSPACING="0" CELLPADDING="0" STYLE="width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-collapse: collapse">
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="width: 90%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 1%">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 9%; border-bottom: black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>Page</B></FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: white; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>American
    BriVision (Holding) Corporation and Subsidiaries</B></FONT></TD>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: white; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><A HREF="#s_01"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Report
    of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm</FONT></A></TD>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">F-2</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: white; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><A HREF="#s_02"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Consolidated
    Balance Sheets</FONT></A></TD>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">F-3</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><A HREF="#s_03"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Consolidated
    Statements of Operations for the years ended December 31, 2018 and 2017</FONT></A></TD>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">F-4</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: white; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><A HREF="#s_04"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Consolidated
    Statements of Stockholders&rsquo; Equity (Deficit) for the years ended December 31, 2018 and 2017</FONT></A></TD>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">F-5</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><A HREF="#s_05"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Consolidated
    Statements of Cash Flows for the years ended December 1, 2018 and 2017</FONT></A></TD>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">F-6</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: white; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><A HREF="#s_06"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Notes
    to Consolidated Financial Statements</FONT></A></TD>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">F-7
    &ndash; F-35</FONT></TD></TR>
</TABLE>
<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>


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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="margin-top: 0; text-align: center; margin-bottom: 0; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"></P>

<TABLE CELLSPACING="0" CELLPADDING="0" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%; background-color: white">
<TR>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: top; width: 43%"><IMG SRC="img_004.jpg" ALT=""></TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 1%">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 56%"><P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><B><U>A</U></B><U>udit<B>&nbsp;&#9679; T</B>ax<B>&nbsp;&#9679;
        C</B>onsulting<B>&nbsp;&#9679;&nbsp;F</B>inancial<B>&nbsp;A</B>dvisory</U>&nbsp;</P>
        <P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><I>Registered with Public Company Accounting Oversight
        Board (PCAOB)</I></P></TD></TR>
</TABLE>
<P STYLE="margin-top: 0; text-align: center; margin-bottom: 0; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: center"><A NAME="s_01"></A><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B><U>REPORT
OF INDEPENDENT REGISTERED PUBLIC ACCOUNTING FIRM</U></B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">To
the Board of Directors and Shareholders of</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">American
BriVision (Holding) Corporation and Subsidiaries</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt; background-color: white"><B>Opinion
on the Financial Statements</B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>&nbsp;</B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">We
have audited the accompanying consolidated balance sheets of American BriVision (Holding) Corporation and subsidiaries (collectively
&ldquo;the Company&rdquo;) as of December 31, 2018 and 2017, the related statement of operations, stockholders&rsquo; equity(deficit),
and cash flows for the years ended December 31, 2018 and 2017, and the related notes&nbsp;<FONT STYLE="background-color: white">(collectively
referred to as the &ldquo;financial statements&rdquo;)</FONT>. In our opinion, the financial statements present fairly, in all
material respects, the consolidated financial position of the Company at&nbsp;December&nbsp;31, 2018&nbsp;and&nbsp;2017, and the
consolidated results of its operations and its cash flows for the years ended December&nbsp;31, 2018 and 2017, in conformity with
the U.S. generally accepted accounting principles.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>Basis
for Opinion</B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">These
financial statements are the responsibility of the Company&rsquo;s management. Our responsibility is to express an opinion on
the Company&rsquo;s financial statements based on our audits. We are a public accounting firm registered with the&nbsp;<FONT STYLE="background-color: white">Public
Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States) (&ldquo;PCAOB&rdquo;)&nbsp;</FONT>and are required to be independent with respect
to the Company in accordance with the U.S. federal securities laws and the applicable rules and regulations of the Securities
and Exchange Commission and the PCAOB.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">We
conducted our audits in accordance with the standards of the PCAOB. Those standards require that we plan and perform the audit
to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the financial statements are free of material misstatement<FONT STYLE="background-color: white">,
whether due to error or fraud.</FONT>&nbsp;The Company is not required to have, nor were we engaged to perform, an audit of its
internal control over financial reporting. As part of our audits, we are required to obtain an understanding of internal control
over financial reporting but not for the purpose of expressing an opinion on the effectiveness of the Company&rsquo;s internal
control over financial reporting. Accordingly, we express no such opinion.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Our
audits included performing procedures to assess the risks of material misstatement of the financial statements, whether due to
error or fraud, and performing procedures that respond to those risks. Such procedures included examining, on a test basis, evidence
regarding the amounts and disclosures in the financial statements. Our audits also included evaluating the accounting principles
used and significant estimates made by management, as well as evaluating the overall presentation of the financial statements.
We believe that our audits provide a reasonable basis for our opinion.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>&nbsp;</B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
accompanying consolidated financial statements have been prepared assuming that American BriVision (Holding) Corporation and subsidiaries
will continue as a going concern. As described in Note 3 to the consolidated financial statements, the Company has incurred losses
from operations, has a working capital deficit, and is in need of additional capital to grow its operations so that it can become
profitable. These factors raise substantial doubt about the Company&rsquo;s ability to continue as a going concern. Management&rsquo;s
plans with regard to these matters are described in Note 3. The accompanying consolidated financial statements do not include
any adjustments that might result from the outcome of this uncertainty.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<TABLE CELLSPACING="0" CELLPADDING="0" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%">
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="width: 47%; border-bottom: black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">/s/
    KCCW Accountancy Corp.</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 53%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">We
    have served as the Company&rsquo;s auditor since 2017.</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Diamond
    Bar, California</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">April
    4, 2019</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD></TR>
</TABLE>
<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: right; text-indent: 49.5pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: right; text-indent: 49.5pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>KCCW
Accountancy Corp.</B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: right"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">3333
South Brea Canyon Rd. #206, Diamond Bar, CA 91765, USA</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: right"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Tel:&nbsp;+1
909 348 7228&nbsp;&#9679; Fax: +1 909 895 4155 &#9679; info@kccwcpa.com</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>


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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>&nbsp;</B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: center"><A NAME="s_02"></A><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>AMERICAN
BRIVISION (HOLDING) CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES</B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>CONSOLIDATED
BALANCE SHEETS</B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid">December&nbsp;31,<BR>
    2018</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid">December&nbsp;31,<BR>
    2017</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom">
    <TD STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center">Assets</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="6" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom">
    <TD STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Current assets</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="width: 76%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-left: 0.125in">Cash</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">$</TD><TD STYLE="width: 9%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">40,044</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">$</TD><TD STYLE="width: 9%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">93,332</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; padding-left: 0.125in">Restricted cash and cash
    equivalents</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">16,093</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">-</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; padding-left: 0.125in">Receivable from collaboration
    partners &ndash; related parties</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">-</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">2,550,000</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; padding-left: 0.125in">Due from related parties</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">40,000</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">-</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; padding-left: 0.125in">Prepaid
    expenses</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">136</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">-</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; padding-left: 0.25in">Total
    Current Assets</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">96,273</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">2,643,332</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; padding-bottom: 4pt; padding-left: 0.125in">Total
    Assets</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 4pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">$</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">96,273</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 4pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 4pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">$</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">2,643,332</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 4pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center">Liabilities and Stockholders&rsquo; Deficit</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; padding-left: 0.125in">Accrued expense</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">$</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">555,449</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">$</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">170,927</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; padding-left: 0.125in">Due to related parties</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">4,462,775</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">4,229,320</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; padding-left: 0.125in">Convertible notes payable, current portion</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">300,000</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">-</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; padding-left: 0.125in">Convertible notes payable
    - related parties, current portion</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">250,000</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">-</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; padding-left: 0.25in">Total Current Liabilities</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">$</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">5,568,224</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">$</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">4,400,247</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; padding-left: 0.125in">Noncurrent Liabilities</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; padding-left: 0.25in">Convertible notes payable
    - related parties</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">250,000</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">-</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; padding-left: 0.25in">Accrued
    interest</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">27,467</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">-</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; padding-bottom: 4pt; padding-left: 0.125in">Total Liabilities</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 4pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">$</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">5,845,691</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 4pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 4pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">$</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">4,400,247</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 4pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">Commitments and Contingencies</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">Stockholders&rsquo; deficit</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; padding-left: 0.25in; text-indent: -10pt">Common
    Stock 360,000,000 authorized at $0.001 par value; shares issued and outstanding 213,926,475 and 213,746,647 at December&nbsp;31,&nbsp;2018
    and December 31, 2017, respectively</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">213,927</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">213,747</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; padding-left: 0.125in">Additional paid-in capital</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">13,914,556</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">13,805,936</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; padding-left: 0.125in">Accumulated deficit</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">(19,877,901</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">)</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">(15,776,598</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">)</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; padding-left: 0.125in">Total stockholders&rsquo;
    deficit</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">(5,749,418</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">)</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">(1,756,915</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">)</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; padding-bottom: 4pt">Total Liabilities and
    Stockholders&rsquo; Deficit</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 4pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">$</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">96,273</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 4pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 4pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">$</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">2,643,332</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 4pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
</TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: center; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: center; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><I>The
accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.</I></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>


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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>&nbsp;</B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: center"><A NAME="s_03"></A><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>AMERICAN
BRIVISION (HOLDING) CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES</B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>CONSOLIDATED
STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS</B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>FOR
THE YEARS ENDED DECEMBER 31, 2018 AND 2017</B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid">December&nbsp;31,<BR>
    2018</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid">December&nbsp;31&nbsp;<BR>
    2017</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Revenues</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">$</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">-</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">$</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">-</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">Cost of revenues</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">-</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">-</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">Gross profit</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">-</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">-</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">Operating expenses</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="width: 76%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; padding-left: 0.125in">Selling, general
    and administrative expenses</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="width: 9%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">695,148</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="width: 9%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">811,685</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; padding-left: 0.125in">Research and development
    expenses</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">669,668</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">3,171,665</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; padding-left: 0.125in">Stock
    based compensation</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">28,800</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">155,400</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; padding-left: 0.25in">Total
    operating expenses</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">1,393,616</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">4,138,750</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">Loss from operations</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">(1,393,616</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">)</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">(4,138,750</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">)</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">Other income (expense)</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; padding-left: 0.125in">Interest income</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">93</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">180</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; padding-left: 0.125in">Interest expense</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">(155,930</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">)</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">(103,460</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">)</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; padding-left: 0.125in">Investment loss</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">(549</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">)</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">-</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; padding-left: 0.125in">Loss
    on investment in equity securities</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">(2,549,451</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">)</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">-</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; padding-left: 0.25in">Total
    other expenses</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">(2,705,837</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">)</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">(103,280</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">)</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">Loss before provision income tax</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">(4,099,453</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">)</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">(4,242,030</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">)</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">Provision for income tax</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">1,850</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">830</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">Net loss</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">(4,101,303</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">)</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">(4,242,860</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">)</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Net loss per share:</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; padding-bottom: 4pt; padding-left: 0.25in">Basic
    and diluted</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 4pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">$</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">(0.02</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 4pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">)</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 4pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">$</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">(0.02</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 4pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">)</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Weighted average number of common shares outstanding:</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; padding-bottom: 4pt; padding-left: 0.25in">Basic
    and diluted</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 4pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">213,884,105</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 4pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 4pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">213,321,921</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 4pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
</TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><I>The
accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.</I></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;&nbsp;</FONT></P>


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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>&nbsp;</B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: center"><A NAME="s_04"></A><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>AMERICAN
BRIVISION (HOLDING) CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES</B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>CONSOLIDATED
STATEMENTS OF STOCKHOLDERS&rsquo; EQUITY (DEFICIT)</B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>FOR
THE YEARS ENDED DECEMBER 31, 2018 AND 2017</B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="6" STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid">Common
    Stock</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center">Additional</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">Stockholders&rsquo;</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center">Number of</TD><TD STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center">paid-in</TD><TD STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center">Accumulated</TD><TD STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center">equity</TD><TD STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid">shares</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid">Amount</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid">capital</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid">deficit</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid">(deficit)</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="width: 40%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Balance at December 31, 2016</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">$</TD><TD STYLE="width: 9%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">210,821,647</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">$</TD><TD STYLE="width: 9%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">210,822</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">$</TD><TD STYLE="width: 9%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">4,803,461</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="width: 9%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">11,533,738</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">$</TD><TD STYLE="width: 9%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">(6,519,455</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">)</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-left: 0.125in">Issuance of common shares</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">2,925,000</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">2,925</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">5,847,075</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">-</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">5,850,000</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; padding-left: 0.125in">Stock based compensation</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">-</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">-</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">85,400</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">-</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">85,400</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; padding-left: 0.25in; text-indent: -0.125in">Capital
    contribution from related parties under common control</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">-</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">-</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">3,070,000</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">-</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">3,070,000</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; padding-left: 0.125in">Net
    loss for the period</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">-</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">-</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">-</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">(4,242,860</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">)</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">(4,242,860</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">)</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Balance at December 31, 2017</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">213,746,647</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">213,747</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">13,805,936</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">(15,776,598</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">)</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">(1,756,915</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">)</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-left: 0.125in">Issuance of common shares</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">179,828</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">180</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">79,820</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">-</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">80,000</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; padding-left: 0.125in">Stock based compensation</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">-</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">-</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">28,800</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">-</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">28,800</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; padding-left: 0.125in">Net
    loss for the period</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">-</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">-</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">-</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">(4,101,303</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">)</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">(4,101,303</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">)</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">Balance at December 31, 2018</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">213,926,475</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">213,927</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">13,914,556</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">(19,877,901</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">)</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">(5,749,418</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">)</TD></TR>
</TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><I>The
accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.</I></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>


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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: center"><A NAME="s_05"></A><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>AMERICAN
BRIVISION (HOLDING) CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES</B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>CONSOLIDATED
STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS</B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>FOR
THE YEARS ENDED DECEMBER 31, 2018 AND 2017</B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid">2018</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid">2017</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom">
    <TD STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Cash flows from operating activities</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="width: 76%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; padding-left: 10pt">Net loss from continuing
    operations</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">$</TD><TD STYLE="width: 9%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">(4,101,303</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">)</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">$</TD><TD STYLE="width: 9%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">(4,242,860</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">)</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; padding-left: 10pt">Adjustments to reconcile net
    loss to net cash used in operating activities:</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; padding-left: 20pt">Stock based compensation for
    nonemployees</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">28,800</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">155,400</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; padding-left: 20pt">Investment loss</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">549</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">-</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; padding-left: 20pt">Loss on investment in equity
    securities</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">2,549,451</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">-</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; padding-left: 20pt">Changes in operating assets
    and liabilities:</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; padding-left: 30pt">Decrease (increase) in prepaid
    expenses and deposits</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">(136</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">)</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">-</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; padding-left: 30pt">Decrease (increase) in due from
    related parties</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">(40,000</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">)</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">-</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; padding-left: 30pt">Increase (decrease) in accrued
    expenses and other current liabilities</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">491,989</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">132,827</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; padding-left: 30pt">Increase
    (decrease) in due to related parties</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">440,455</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">2,469,320</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; padding-left: 40pt">Net
    cash used in operating activities</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">(630,195</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">)</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">(1,485,313</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">)</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">Cash flows from financing activities</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; padding-left: 20pt">Capital contribution from related
    parties under common control</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">-</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">450,000</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; padding-left: 20pt">Proceeds from convertible notes</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">800,000</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">-</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; padding-left: 20pt">Borrowings from related parties</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">50,000</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">1,110,000</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; padding-left: 20pt">Repayment
    of borrowings from related parties</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">(257,000</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">)</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">-</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; padding-left: 40pt">Net
    cash provided by financing activities</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">593,000</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">1,560,000</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">Effect of exchange rate
    changes on cash and cash equivalents</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">-</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">-</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">Net increase (decrease)
    in cash and cash equivalents</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">(37,195</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">)</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">74,687</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">Cash and cash equivalents</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; padding-left: 10pt">Beginning</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">93,332</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">18,645</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 4pt; padding-left: 10pt">Ending</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 4pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">$</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">56,137</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 4pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 4pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">$</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">93,332</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 4pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">Supplemental disclosure of cash flows</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; padding-left: 10pt">Cash paid during the year for:</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; padding-bottom: 4pt; padding-left: 20pt">Interest
    expense paid</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 4pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">$</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">127,056</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 4pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 4pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">$</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">86,000</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 4pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; padding-bottom: 4pt; padding-left: 20pt">Income
    taxes paid</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 4pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">$</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">1,850</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 4pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 4pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">$</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">830</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 4pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">Non-cash financing and investing activities</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; padding-bottom: 4pt; padding-left: 10pt">Common
    shares issued for employees and consultants</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 4pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">$</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">80,000</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 4pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 4pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">$</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">-</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 4pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; padding-bottom: 4pt; padding-left: 10pt">Common
    shares issued for due to related parties</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 4pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">$</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">-</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 4pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 4pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">$</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">5,850,000</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 4pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; padding-bottom: 4pt; padding-left: 10pt">Capital
    contribution from related parties under common control</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 4pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">$</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">-</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 4pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 4pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">$</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">2,550,000</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 4pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
</TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><I>The
accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.</I></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;&nbsp;</FONT></P>


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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>&nbsp;</B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: center"><A NAME="s_06"></A><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>AMERICAN
BRIVISION (HOLDING) CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES</B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>NOTES
TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS</B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>DECEMBER
31, 2018</B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>&nbsp;</B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>1.
ORGANIZATION AND DESCRIPTION OF BUSINESS</B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">American
BriVision (Holding) Corporation (the &ldquo;Company&rdquo; or &ldquo;Holding entity&rdquo;), a Nevada corporation, through the
Company&rsquo;s operating entity, American BriVision Corporation (the &ldquo;BriVision&rdquo;), which was incorporated in July
2015 in the State of Delaware, engages in biotechnology and focuses on the development of new drugs and innovative medical devices
to fulfill unmet medical needs. The business model of the Company is to integrate research achievements from world-famous institutions
(such as Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center (&ldquo;MSKCC&rdquo;) and MD Anderson Cancer Center), conduct clinical trials
of translational medicine for Proof of Concept (&ldquo;POC&rdquo;), out-license to international pharmaceutical companies, and
exploit global markets. BriVision had to predecessor operations prior to its formation on July 21, 2015.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><U>Reverse
Merger</U></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">On
February 8, 2016, a Share Exchange Agreement (the &ldquo;Share Exchange Agreement&rdquo;) was entered into by and among American
BriVision (Holding) Corporation, American BriVision Corporation&nbsp;(&ldquo;BriVision&rdquo;), and Euro-Asia Investment &amp;
Finance Corp. Limited, a company incorporated under the laws of Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of the People&rsquo;s
Republic of China (&ldquo;Euro-Asia&rdquo;), being the owners of record of 164,387,376 (52,336,000 pre-stock split) shares of
Common Stock of the Company, and the owners of record of all of the issued share capital of BriVision (the&nbsp;&ldquo;BriVision
Stock&rdquo;).</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Pursuant
to the Share Exchange Agreement, upon surrender by the BriVision Shareholders and the cancellation by BriVision of the certificates
evidencing the BriVision Stock as registered in the name of each BriVision Shareholder, and pursuant to the registration of the
Company in the register of members maintained by BriVision as the new holder of the BriVision Stock and the issuance of the certificates
evidencing the aforementioned registration of the BriVision Stock in the name of the Company, the Company should issue 166,273,921(52,936,583
pre-stock split) shares (the&nbsp;&ldquo;Acquisition Stock&rdquo;) (subject to adjustment for fractionalized shares as set forth
below) of the Company&rsquo;s Common Stock to the BriVision Shareholders (or their designees), and 163,159,952 (51,945,225 pre-stock
split) shares of the Company&rsquo;s Common Stock owned by Euro-Asia should be cancelled and retired to treasury. The Acquisition
Stock collectively should represent 79.70% of the issued and outstanding Common Stock of the Company immediately after the Closing,
in exchange for the BriVision Stock, representing 100% of the issued share capital of BriVision in a reverse merger (the &ldquo;Merger&rdquo;).</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Pursuant
to the Merger, all of the issued and outstanding common shares of BriVision were converted, at an exchange ratio of 0.2536-for-1,
into an aggregate of 166,273,921(52,936,583pre-stock split) common shares of the Company and BriVision has become a wholly owned
subsidiary of the Company. The holders of Company&rsquo;s Common Stock as of immediately prior to the Merger held an aggregate
of 205,519,223(65,431,144 pre-stock split) shares of Company&rsquo;s Common Stock.&nbsp;Because of the exchange of the BriVision
Stock for the Acquisition Stock (the&nbsp;&ldquo;Share Exchange&rdquo;), BriVision has become a wholly owned subsidiary (the &ldquo;Subsidiary&rdquo;)
of the Company and there was a change of control of the Company following the closing. There were no warrants, options or other
equity instruments issued in connection with the share exchange agreement.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Because&nbsp;of
the consummation of the Share Exchange,&nbsp;BriVision&nbsp;is now our wholly owned subsidiary and its shareholders own approximately&nbsp;79.70%
of our issued and outstanding Common Stock.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Following
the Share Exchange, we have abandoned our prior business plan and we are now pursuing&nbsp;BriVision&rsquo;s&nbsp;historically
proposed businesses, which focus on the development of new drugs and innovative medical devices to fulfill unmet medical needs.
The business model of the Company is to integrate research achievements from world-famous institutions, conduct clinical trials
of translational medicine for Proof of Concept (&ldquo;POC&rdquo;), out-license to international pharmaceutical companies, and
exploit global markets.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 40.2pt">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 40.2pt"></P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 40.2pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><U>Accounting
Treatment of the Reverse Merger</U></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">For
financial reporting purposes, the Share Exchange represents a &ldquo;reverse merger&rdquo;&nbsp;rather than a business combination
and&nbsp;BriVision&nbsp;is deemed the accounting acquirer in the transaction. The&nbsp;Share Exchange is being accounted for as
a reverse-merger and recapitalization. BriVision&nbsp;is the acquirer for financial reporting purposes and the&nbsp;Company&nbsp;is
the acquired company. Consequently, the assets and liabilities and the operations reflected in the historical financial statements
prior to the Share Exchange will be those of&nbsp;BriVision&nbsp;and recorded at the historical cost basis of&nbsp;BriVision.
In addition, the consolidated financial statements after completion of the Share Exchange will include the assets and liabilities
of the Company and BriVision, and the historical operations of&nbsp;BriVision&nbsp;and operations of the Combined Company from
the closing date of the Share Exchange.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><U>Merger</U></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">As
disclosed in a registration statement on <A HREF="http://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/1173313/000121390018009520/fs42018_americanbrivision.htm">Form S-4</A> filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission (the &ldquo;SEC&rdquo;) on
July 23, 2018, as amended from time to time, the Company, BioLite Holding, Inc. (&ldquo;BioLite&rdquo;), BioKey, Inc. (&ldquo;BioKey&rdquo;),
BioLite Acquisition Corp., a direct wholly-owned subsidiary of Parent (&ldquo;Merger Sub 1&rdquo;), and BioKey Acquisition Corp.,
a direct wholly-owned subsidiary of Parent (&ldquo;Merger Sub 2&rdquo;) (<FONT STYLE="background-color: white">collectively referred
to as the &ldquo;Parties&rdquo;)</FONT>&nbsp;were in the process of completing business combination pursuant to the Agreement
and Plan of Merger (the &ldquo;Merger Agreement&rdquo;) dated as of January 31, 2018 where ABVC would acquire BioLite and BioKey
via issuing additional Common Stock of ABVC to the shareholders of BioLite and BioKey.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">On
February 8, 2019, the Parties of the Merger Agreement consummated the Merger transactions. Pursuant to the terms of the Merger
Agreement, BioLite and BioKey became two wholly-owned subsidiaries of the Company on February 8, 2019. As of the date of this
prospectus, the Company is in the process of issuing shares of its Common Stock as Merger Consideration to the shareholders of
BioLite and BioKey pursuant to the registration statement (the &ldquo;Registration Statement on S-4&rdquo;) on <A HREF="http://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/1173313/000121390019000796/fs42018a3_americanbrivision.htm">Form&nbsp;S-4</A> Amendment
No. 3 filed with the SEC on January 16, 2019 which became effective by operation of law on or about February 5, 2019.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>&nbsp;</B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>2.
SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES</B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><U>Basis
of Presentation</U></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
accompanying consolidated financial statements have been prepared in accordance with the generally accepted accounting principles
in the United States of America (the &ldquo;U.S. GAAP&rdquo;). All significant intercompany transactions and account balances
have been eliminated.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">This
basis of accounting involves the application of accrual accounting and consequently, revenues and gains are recognized when earned,
and expenses and losses are recognized when incurred. The Company&rsquo;s financial statements are expressed in U.S. dollars.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><U>Fiscal
Year</U></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
Company changed its fiscal year from the period beginning on October 1st and ending on September 30th to the period beginning
on January 1st and ending on December 31st, beginning January 1, 2018. All references herein to a fiscal year prior to December
31, 2017 refer to the twelve months ended September 30th of such year.&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><U>Use
of Estimates</U></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
preparation of financial statements in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America
requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosure
of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the consolidated financial statements and the amount of revenues and expenses
during the reporting periods. Actual results could differ materially from those results.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><U>Reclassifications</U></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Certain
classifications have been made to the prior year financial statements to conform to the current year presentation. The reclassification
had no impact on previously reported net loss or accumulated deficit.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"></P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><U>Forward
Stock split</U></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">On
March 21, 2016, the Board of Directors of the Company approved an amendment to Articles of Incorporation to effect a forward split
at a ratio of 1 to 3.141 and increase the number of our authorized shares of Common Stock, par value $0.001 per share, to 360,000,000,
which was effective on April 8, 2016. The majority of the shareholders of the Company approved the amendment to Articles of Incorporation.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><U>Fair
Value Measurements</U></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
Company applies the provisions of ASC Subtopic 820-10,&nbsp;&ldquo;Fair Value Measurements&rdquo;,&nbsp;for fair value measurements
of financial assets and financial liabilities and for fair value measurements of nonfinancial items that are recognized or disclosed
at fair value in the financial statements. ASC 820 also establishes a framework for measuring fair value and expands disclosures
about fair value measurements.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Fair
value is defined as the price that would be received to sell an asset or paid to transfer a liability in an orderly transaction
between market participants at the measurement date. When determining the fair value measurements for assets and liabilities,
the Company considers the principal or most advantageous market in which it would transact and it considers assumptions that market
participants would use when pricing the asset or liability.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">ASC
820 establishes a fair value hierarchy that requires an entity to maximize the use of observable inputs and minimize the use of
unobservable inputs when measuring fair value. ASC 820 establishes three levels of inputs to measure fair value. The hierarchy
gives the highest priority to unadjusted quoted prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities (Level 1 measurements)
and the lowest priority to measurements involving significant unobservable inputs (Level 3 measurements). The three levels of
the fair value hierarchy are as follows:</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
<TD STYLE="width: 0.25in; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#9679;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Level
                                         1 inputs to the valuation methodology are quoted prices (unadjusted) for identical assets
                                         or liabilities in active markets.</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
<TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
<TD STYLE="width: 0.25in; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#9679;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Level
                                         2 inputs to the valuation methodology include quoted prices for similar assets and liabilities
                                         in active markets, and inputs that are observable for the assets or liability, either
                                         directly or indirectly, for substantially the full term of the financial instruments.</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
<TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
<TD STYLE="width: 0.25in; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#9679;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Level
                                         3 inputs to the valuation methodology are unobservable and significant to the fair value.</FONT></TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
carrying values of certain assets and liabilities of the Company, such as cash and cash equivalents, due from related parties,
accrued expenses, and due to related parties approximate fair value due to their relatively short maturities. The carrying value
of the Company&rsquo;s convertible notes payable and accrued interest approximates their fair value as the terms of the borrowing
are consistent with current market rates.&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><U>Cash
and Cash Equivalents</U></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
Company considers highly liquid investments with maturities of three months or less, when purchased, to be cash equivalents. As
of December 31, 2018 and 2017, the Company&rsquo;s cash and cash equivalents amounted $40,044 and $93,332, respectively. Some&nbsp;of
the Company&rsquo;s cash deposits are held in financial institutions located in Taiwan where there is currently regulation mandated
on obligatory insurance of bank accounts. The Company believes this financial institution is of high credit quality.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><U>Restricted
Cash Equivalents</U></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Restricted
cash equivalents primarily consist of cash held in a reserve bank account in Taiwan.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><U>Concentration
of Credit Risk</U></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
Company&rsquo;s financial instruments that are exposed to concentrations of credit risk consist primarily of cash and cash equivalents.
The Company places its cash and temporary cash investments in high quality credit institutions, but these investments may be in
excess of Taiwan Central Deposit Insurance Corporation and the U.S. Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation&rsquo;s insurance limits.
The Company does not enter into financial instruments for hedging, trading or speculative purposes.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"></P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><U>Revenue
Recognition</U></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B><I>&nbsp;</I></B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt; background-color: white">The
Company has yet to realize revenues from operations.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">During
the fiscal year 2018, the Company adopted Accounting Standards Codification (&ldquo;ASC&rdquo;), Topic 606 (ASC 606), Revenue
from Contracts with Customers, using the modified retrospective method to all contracts that were not completed as of January
1, 2018, and applying the new revenue standard as an adjustment to the opening balance of accumulated deficit at the beginning
of 2018 for the cumulative effect. The results for the Company&rsquo;s reporting periods beginning on and after January 1, 2018
are presented under ASC 606, while prior period amounts are not adjusted and continue to be reported under the accounting standards
in effect for the prior period. Based on the Company&rsquo;s review of existing collaborative agreements as of January 1, 2018,
the Company concluded that the adoption of the new guidance did not have a significant change on the Company&rsquo;s revenue during
all periods presented.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Pursuant
to ASC 606, the Company recognizes revenue when its customer obtains control of promised goods or services, in an amount that
reflects the consideration that the Company expects to receive in exchange for those goods or services. To determine revenue recognition
for arrangements that the Company determines is within the scope of ASC 606, the Company performs the following five steps: (i)
identify the contract(s) with a customer; (ii) identify the performance obligations in the contract; (iii) determine the transaction
price; (iv) allocate the transaction price to the performance obligations in the contract; and (v) recognize revenue when (or
as) the Company satisfies a performance obligation. The Company only applies the five-step model to contracts when it is probable
that the Company will collect the consideration the Company is entitled to in exchange for the goods or services the Company transfers
to the customers. At inception of the contract, once the contract is determined to be within the scope of ASC 606, the Company
assesses the goods or services promised within each contract, determines those that are performance obligations, and assesses
whether each promised good or service is distinct. The Company then recognizes as revenue the amount of the transaction price
that is allocated to the respective performance obligation when (or as) the performance obligation is satisfied.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
following are examples of when the Company recognizes revenue based on the types of payments the Company receives.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 0 0.25in; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><I>Collaborative
Revenues</I>&nbsp;<B>&mdash;&nbsp;</B>The Company recognizes collaborative revenues generated through collaborative research,
development and/or commercialization agreements. The terms of these agreements typically include payment to the Company related
to one or more of the following: nonrefundable upfront license fees, development and commercial milestones, partial or complete
reimbursement of research and development costs, and royalties on net sales of licensed products. Each type of payments results
in collaborative revenues except for revenues from royalties on net sales of licensed products, which are classified as royalty
revenues. To date, we have not received any royalty revenues. Revenue is recognized upon satisfaction of a performance obligation
by transferring control of a good or service to the collaboration partners.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 0 0.25in; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 0 0.25in; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">As
part of the accounting for these arrangements, the Company applies judgment to determine whether the performance obligations are
distinct, and develop assumptions in determining the stand-alone selling price for each distinct performance obligation identified
in the collaboration agreements. To determine the stand-alone selling price, the Company relies on assumptions which may include
forecasted revenues, development timelines, reimbursement rates for R&amp;D personnel costs, discount rates and probabilities
of technical and regulatory success.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 0 0.25in; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 0 0.25in; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
Company had multiple deliverables under the collaborative agreements, including deliverables relating to grants of technology
licenses, regulatory and clinical development, and marketing activities. Estimation of the performance periods of the Company&rsquo;s
deliverables requires the use of management&rsquo;s judgment. Significant factors considered in management&rsquo;s evaluation
of the estimated performance periods include, but are not limited to, the Company&rsquo;s experience in conducting clinical development,
regulatory and manufacturing activities. The Company reviews the estimated duration of its performance periods under its collaborative
agreements on an annually basis, and makes any appropriate adjustments on a prospective basis. Future changes in estimates of
the performance period under its collaborative agreements could impact the timing of future revenue recognition.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"></P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<TABLE CELLSPACING="0" CELLPADDING="0" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%">
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="width: 24px; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 24px; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(i)</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Nonrefundable
    upfront payments</FONT></TD></TR>
</TABLE>
<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 0 0.25in; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">If
a license to the Company&rsquo;s intellectual property is determined to be distinct from the other performance obligations identified
in an arrangement, the Company recognizes revenue from the related nonrefundable upfront payments based on the relative standalone
selling price prescribed to the license compared to the total selling price of the arrangement. The revenue is recognized when
the license is transferred to the collaboration partners and the collaboration partners are able to use and benefit from the license.
To date, the receipt of nonrefundable upfront fees was solely for the compensation of past research efforts and contributions
made by the Company before the collaborative agreements entered into and it does not relate to any future obligations and commitments
made between the Company and the collaboration partners in the collaborative agreements.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<TABLE CELLSPACING="0" CELLPADDING="0" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%">
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="width: 24px; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 24px; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(ii)</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Milestone
    payments</FONT></TD></TR>
</TABLE>
<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 0 0.25in; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
Company is eligible to receive milestone payments under the collaborative agreement with collaboration partners based on achievement
of specified development, regulatory and commercial events. Management evaluated the nature of the events triggering these contingent
payments, and concluded that these events fall into two categories: (a) events which involve the performance of the Company&rsquo;s
obligations under the collaborative agreement with collaboration partners, and (b) events which do not involve the performance
of the Company&rsquo;s obligations under the collaborative agreement with collaboration partners.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 0 0.25in; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
former category of milestone payments consists of those triggered by development and regulatory activities in the territories
specified in the collaborative agreements. Management concluded that each of these payments constitute substantive milestone payments.
This conclusion was based primarily on the facts that (i) each triggering event represents a specific outcome that can be achieved
only through successful performance by the Company of one or more of its deliverables, (ii) achievement of each triggering event
was subject to inherent risk and uncertainty and would result in additional payments becoming due to the Company, (iii) each of
the milestone payments is nonrefundable, (iv) substantial effort is required to complete each milestone, (v) the amount of each
milestone payment is reasonable in relation to the value created in achieving the milestone, (vi) a substantial amount of time
is expected to pass between the upfront payment and the potential milestone payments, and (vii) the milestone payments relate
solely to past performance. Based on the foregoing, the Company recognizes any revenue from these milestone payments in the period
in which the underlying triggering event occurs.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<TABLE CELLSPACING="0" CELLPADDING="0" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%">
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="width: 24px; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 24px; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(iii)</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Multiple
    Element Arrangements</FONT></TD></TR>
</TABLE>
<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 0 0.25in; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
Company evaluates multiple element arrangements to determine (1)&nbsp;the deliverables included in the arrangement and (2)&nbsp;whether
the individual deliverables represent separate units of accounting or whether they must be accounted for as a combined unit of
accounting. This evaluation involves subjective determinations and requires management to make judgments about the individual
deliverables and whether such deliverables are separate from other aspects of the contractual relationship. Deliverables are considered
separate units of accounting provided that: (i)&nbsp;the delivered item(s) has value to the customer on a standalone basis and
(ii)&nbsp;if the arrangement includes a general right of return relative to the delivered item(s), delivery or performance of
the undelivered item(s) is considered probable and substantially within its control. In assessing whether an item under a collaboration
has standalone value, the Company considers factors such as the research, manufacturing, and commercialization capabilities of
the collaboration partner and the availability of the associated expertise in the general marketplace. The Company also considers
whether its collaboration partners can use the other deliverable(s) for their intended purpose without the receipt of the remaining
element(s), whether the value of the deliverable is dependent on the undelivered item(s), and whether there are other vendors
that can provide the undelivered element(s).</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"></P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 0 0.25in; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
Company recognizes arrangement consideration allocated to each unit of accounting when all of the revenue recognition criteria
in ASC 606 are satisfied for that particular unit of accounting. In the event that a deliverable does not represent a separate
unit of accounting, the Company recognizes revenue from the combined unit of accounting over the Company&rsquo;s contractual or
estimated performance period for the undelivered elements, which is typically the term of the Company&rsquo;s research and development
obligations. If there is no discernible pattern of performance or objectively measurable performance measures do not exist, then
the Company recognizes revenue under the arrangement on a straight-line basis over the period the Company is expected to complete
its performance obligations. Conversely, if the pattern of performance in which the service is provided to the customer can be
determined and objectively measurable performance measures exist, then the Company recognizes revenue under the arrangement using
the proportional performance method. Revenue recognized is limited to the lesser of the cumulative amount of payments received
or the cumulative amount of revenue earned, as determined using the straight-line method or proportional performance method, as
applicable, as of the period ending date.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 0 0.25in; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">At
the inception of an arrangement that includes milestone payments, the Company evaluates whether each milestone is substantive
and at risk to both parties on the basis of the contingent nature of the milestone. This evaluation includes an assessment of
whether: (1)&nbsp;the consideration is commensurate with either the Company&rsquo;s performance to achieve the milestone or the
enhancement of the value of the delivered item(s) as a result of a specific outcome resulting from its performance to achieve
the milestone, (2)&nbsp;the consideration relates solely to past performance and (3)&nbsp;the consideration is reasonable relative
to all of the deliverables and payment terms within the arrangement. The Company evaluates factors such as the scientific, clinical,
regulatory, commercial, and other risks that must be overcome to achieve the particular milestone and the level of effort and
investment required to achieve the particular milestone in making this assessment. There is considerable judgment involved in
determining whether a milestone satisfies all of the criteria required to conclude that a milestone is substantive. Milestones
that are not considered substantive are recognized as earned if there are no remaining performance obligations or over the remaining
period of performance, assuming all other revenue recognition criteria are met.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<TABLE CELLSPACING="0" CELLPADDING="0" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%">
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="width: 24px; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 24px; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(iv)</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Royalties
    and Profit Sharing Payments</FONT></TD></TR>
</TABLE>
<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 0 0.25in; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Under
the collaborative agreement with the collaboration partners, the Company is entitled to receive royalties on sales of products,
which is at certain percentage of the net sales. The Company recognizes revenue from these events based on the revenue recognition
criteria set forth in ASC 606. Based on those criteria, the Company considers these payments to be contingent revenues, and recognizes
them as revenue in the period in which the applicable contingency is resolved.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><U>Receivable
from Collaboration Partners</U></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Receivable
from collaboration partners is stated at carrying value less estimates made for doubtful receivables. An allowance for impairment
of receivable from collaboration partners is established if the collection of a receivable becomes doubtful. Such receivable becomes
doubtful when there is objective evidence that the Company will not be able to collect all amounts due according to the original
terms of the receivables. Significant financial difficulties of the debtor, probability that the debtor will enter into bankruptcy
or financial reorganization, and default or delinquency in payments are considered indicators that the receivable is impaired.
The amount of the allowance is the difference between the asset&rsquo;s carrying amount and the present value of estimated future
cash flows, discounted at the original effective interest rate.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><U>Long-term
Equity Investment</U>&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
Company acquires the equity investments to promote business and strategic objectives. The Company accounts for non-marketable
equity and other equity investments for which the Company does not have control over the investees as:</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<TABLE CELLSPACING="0" CELLPADDING="0" STYLE="width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="width: 24px; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 24px; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#9679;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Equity
    method investments when the Company has the ability to exercise significant influence, but not control, over the investee.
    Its proportionate share of the income or loss is recognized monthly and is recorded in gains (losses) on equity investments.</FONT></TD></TR>

<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="width: 24px; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 24px; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#9679;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Non-marketable
    cost method investments when the equity method does not apply.</FONT></TD></TR>
</TABLE>
<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"></P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Significant
judgment is required to identify whether an impairment exists in the valuation of the Company&rsquo;s non-marketable equity investments,
and therefore the Company considers this a critical accounting estimate. Its yearly analysis considers both qualitative and quantitative
factors that may have a significant impact on the investee&rsquo;s fair value. Qualitative analysis of its investments involves
understanding the financial performance and near-term prospects of the investee, changes in general market conditions in the investee&rsquo;s
industry or geographic area, and the management and governance structure of the investee. Quantitative assessments of the fair
value of its investments are developed using the market and income approaches. The market approach includes the use of comparable
financial metrics of private and public companies and recent financing rounds. The income approach includes the use of a discounted
cash flow model, which requires significant estimates regarding the investees&rsquo; revenue, costs, and discount rates. The Company&rsquo;s
assessment of these factors in determining whether an impairment exists could change in the future due to new developments or
changes in applied assumptions.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><U>Other-Than-Temporary
Impairment</U></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B><I>&nbsp;</I></B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
Company&rsquo;s long-term equity investments are subject to a periodic impairment review. Impairments affect earnings as follows:</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<TABLE CELLSPACING="0" CELLPADDING="0" STYLE="width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="width: 24px; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 24px; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#9679;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Marketable
    equity securities include the consideration of general market conditions, the duration and extent to which the fair value
    is below cost, and our ability and intent to hold the investment for a sufficient period of time to allow for recovery of
    value in the foreseeable future. The Company also considers specific adverse conditions related to the financial health of,
    and the business outlook for, the investee, which may include industry and sector performance, changes in technology, operational
    and financing cash flow factors, and changes in the investee&rsquo;s credit rating. The Company records other-than-temporary
    impairments on marketable equity securities and marketable equity method investments in gains (losses) on equity investments.</FONT></TD></TR>

<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="width: 24px; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 24px; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#9679;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Non-marketable
    equity investments based on the Company&rsquo;s assessment of the severity and duration of the impairment, and qualitative
    and quantitative analysis of the operating performance of the investee; adverse changes in market conditions and the regulatory
    or economic environment; changes in operating structure or management of the investee; additional funding requirements; and
    the investee&rsquo;s ability to remain in business. A series of operating losses of an investee or other factors may indicate
    that a decrease in value of the investment has occurred that is other than temporary and that shall be recognized even though
    the decrease in value is in excess of what would otherwise be recognized by application of the equity method. A loss in value
    of an investment that is other than a temporary decline shall be recognized. Evidence of a loss in value might include, but
    would not necessarily be limited to, absence of an ability to recover the carrying amount of the investment or inability of
    the investee to sustain an earnings capacity that would justify the carrying amount of the investment. The Company records
    other-than-temporary impairments for non-marketable cost method investments and equity method investments in gains (losses)
    on equity investments. Other-than-temporary impairments of equity investments were $2,549,451 and $0 for the years ended December
    31, 2018 and 2017, respectively.</FONT></TD></TR>
</TABLE>
<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><U>Research
and Development Expenses</U></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
Company accounts for the cost of using licensing rights in research and development cost according to ASC Topic 730-10-25-1. This
guidance provides that absent alternative future uses the acquisition of product rights to be used in research and development
activities must be charged to research and development expenses when incurred.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"></P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><U>Stock-based
Compensation</U></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
Company measures expense associated with all employee stock-based compensation awards using a fair value method and recognizes
such expense in the consolidated financial statements on a straight-line basis over the requisite service period in accordance
with FASB ASC Topic 718 &ldquo;Compensation-Stock Compensation&rdquo;. Total employee stock-based compensation expenses were $0
for the years ended December 31, 2018 and 2017.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
Company accounted for stock-based compensation to non-employees in accordance with FASB ASC Topic 718 &ldquo;Compensation-Stock
Compensation&rdquo; and FASB ASC Topic 505-50 &ldquo;Equity-Based Payments to Non-Employees&rdquo; which requires that the cost
of services received from non-employees is measured at fair value at the earlier of the performance commitment date or the date
service is completed and recognized over the period the service is provided. Total non-employee stock-based compensation expenses
were $28,800 and $155,400 for the years ended December 31, 2018 and 2017, respectively.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><U>Beneficial
Conversion Feature</U></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B><I>&nbsp;</I></B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">From
time to time, the Company may issue convertible notes that may contain an imbedded beneficial conversion feature. A beneficial
conversion feature exists on the date a convertible note is issued when the fair value of the underlying common stock to which
the note is convertible into is in excess of the remaining unallocated proceeds of the note after first considering the allocation
of a portion of the note proceeds to the fair value of the warrants, if related warrants have been granted. The intrinsic value
of the beneficial conversion feature is recorded as a debt discount with a corresponding amount to additional paid in capital.
The debt discount is amortized to interest expense over the life of the note using the effective interest method.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><U>Income
Taxes</U></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 40.2pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
Company accounts for income taxes using the asset and liability approach which allows the recognition and measurement of deferred
tax assets to be based upon the likelihood of realization of tax benefits in future years. Under the asset and liability approach,
deferred taxes are provided for the net tax effects of temporary differences between the carrying amounts of assets and liabilities
for financial reporting purposes and the amounts used for income tax purposes. A valuation allowance is provided for deferred
tax assets if it is more likely than not these items will expire before the Company is able to realize their benefits, or future
deductibility is uncertain.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Under
ASC 740, a tax position is recognized as a benefit only if it is&nbsp;&ldquo;more likely than not&rdquo;&nbsp;that the tax position
would be sustained in a tax examination, with a tax examination being presumed to occur. The evaluation of a tax position is a
two-step process. The first step is to determine whether it is more-likely-than-not that a tax position will be sustained upon
examination, including the resolution of any related appeals or litigations based on the technical merits of that position. The
second step is to measure a tax position that meets the more-likely-than-not threshold to determine the amount of benefits recognized
in the financial statements. A tax position is measured at the largest amount of benefit that is greater than 50 percent likely
of being realized upon ultimate settlement. Tax positions that previously failed to meet the more-likely-than-not recognition
threshold should be recognized in the first subsequent period in which the threshold is met. Previously recognized tax positions
that no longer meet the more-likely-than-not criteria should be de-recognized in the first subsequent financial reporting period
in which the threshold is no longer satisfied. Penalties and interest incurred related to underpayment of income tax are classified
as income tax expense in the year incurred. No significant penalty or interest relating to income taxes has been incurred for
the years ended December 31, 2018 and 2017. GAAP also provides guidance on de-recognition, classification, interest and penalties,
accounting in interim periods, disclosures and transition.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt; background-color: white">On
December 22, 2017, the SEC issued Staff Accounting Bulletin (&ldquo;SAB 118&rdquo;), which provides guidance on accounting for
tax effects of the Tax Act. SAB 118 provides a measurement period that should not extend beyond one year from the Tax Act enactment
date for companies to complete the accounting under ASC 740. In accordance with SAB 118, a company must reflect the income tax
effects of those aspects of the Act for which the accounting under ASC 740 is complete. To the extent that a company&rsquo;s accounting
for certain income tax effects of the Tax Act is incomplete but it is able to determine a reasonable estimate, it must record
a provisional estimate to be included in the financial statements. If a company cannot determine a provisional estimate to be
included in the financial statements, it should continue to apply ASC 740 on the basis of the provision of the tax laws that were
in effect immediately before the enactment of the Tax Act. While the Company is able to make reasonable estimates of the impact
of the reduction in corporate rate and the deemed repatriation transition tax, the final impact of the Tax Act may differ from
these estimates, due to, among other things, changes in our interpretations and assumptions, additional guidance that may be issued
by the I.R.S., and actions we may take. The Company is continuing to gather additional information to determine the final impact.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">For
the years ended December 31, 2018 and 2017, the Company&rsquo;s income tax expense amounted $1,850 and $830, respectively.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"></P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><U>Loss
Per Share of Common Stock</U></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
Company calculates net loss per share in accordance with ASC Topic 260, &ldquo;Earnings per Share&rdquo;. Basic loss per share
is computed by dividing the net loss by the weighted average number of common shares outstanding during the period. Diluted loss
per share is computed similar to basic loss per share except that the denominator is increased to include the number of additional
common shares that would have been outstanding if the potential common stock equivalents had been issued and if the additional
common shares were dilutive. Diluted earnings per share excludes all dilutive potential shares if their effect is anti-dilutive.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><U>Commitments
and Contingencies</U></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
Company has adopted ASC Topic 450 &ldquo;Contingencies&rdquo; subtopic 20, in determining its accruals and disclosures with respect
to loss contingencies. Accordingly, estimated losses from loss contingencies are accrued by a charge to income when information
available before financial statements are issued or are available to be issued indicates that it is probable that an assets had
been impaired or a liability had been incurred at the date of the financial statements and the amount of the loss can be reasonably
estimated. Legal expenses associated with the contingency are expensed as incurred. If a loss contingency is not probable or reasonably
estimable, disclosure of the loss contingency is made in the financial statements when it is at least reasonably possible that
a material loss could be incurred.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><U>Recent
Accounting Pronouncements</U></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">In
February 2016, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (the &ldquo;FASB&rdquo;) issued ASU 2016-02, Leases (ASC 842), which was
amended by ASU 2018-11, Leases (ASC 842): Targeted Improvements. The new guidance requires lessee recognition on the balance sheet
of a right-of-use (ROU) asset and a lease liability, initially measured at the present value of the lease payments. It further
requires recognition in the income statement of a single lease cost, calculated so that the cost of the lease is allocated over
the lease term generally on a straight-line basis. Finally, it requires classification of all cash payments within operating activities
in the statement of cash flows. The standard is effective for public companies for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2018
and early adoption is permitted. The standard requires a transition adoption election using either 1) a modified retrospective
approach with periods prior to the adoption date being recast or 2) a prospective adoption approach with a cumulative-effect adjustment
recognized to the opening balance of retained earnings on the adoption date with prior periods not recast. The Company anticipates
adopting this standard with an effective date of January 1, 2019 using the prospective adoption approach. The Company has evaluated
the changes from this standard to its future financial reporting and disclosures, and has designed and implemented related processes
and controls to address these changes. The Company believes the most significant effects relate to (1) the recognition of new
ROU assets and lease liabilities on its balance sheet for its office operating lease; and (2) providing significant new disclosures
about its leasing activities related to the amount, timing and uncertainty of cash flows arising from leases. The Company is continuing
its assessment, which may identify additional impacts this guidance will have on its financial statements and disclosures.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">On
December 22, 2017, the SEC issued Staff Accounting Bulletin (&ldquo;SAB 118&rdquo;), which provides guidance on accounting for
tax effects of the Tax Act. SAB 118 provides a measurement period that should not extend beyond one year from the Tax Act enactment
date for companies to complete the accounting under ASC 740. In accordance with SAB 118, a company must reflect the income tax
effects of those aspects of the Act for which the accounting under ASC 740 is complete.&nbsp;<FONT STYLE="background-color: white">In
March 2018, the FASB issued ASU 2018-05, Amendments to SEC Paragraphs Pursuant to SEC Staff Accounting Bulletin No. 118 (SEC Update),
Income Taxes (Topic 740). ASU 2018-05 provides guidance regarding the recording of tax impacts where uncertainty exists, in the
period of adoption of the 2017 U.S. Tax Cuts and Jobs Act (the &ldquo;2017 Tax Act&rdquo;).</FONT>To the extent that a company&rsquo;s
accounting for certain income tax effects of the Tax Act is incomplete but it is able to determine a reasonable estimate, it must
record a provisional estimate to be included in the financial statements. If a company cannot determine a provisional estimate
to be included in the financial statements, it should continue to apply ASC 740 on the basis of the provision of the tax laws
that were in effect immediately before the enactment of the Tax Act. While the Company is able to make reasonable estimates of
the impact of the reduction in corporate rate and the deemed repatriation transition tax, the final impact of the Tax Act may
differ from these estimates, due to, among other things, changes in its interpretations and assumptions, additional guidance that
may be issued by the I.R.S., and actions that the Company may take. The Company has accounted for the tax effects of the Tax Cuts
and Jobs Act under the guidance of SAB 118, on a provisional basis. The Company&rsquo;s accounting for certain income tax effects
is incomplete, but the Company has determined reasonable estimates for those effects The Company is continuing to gather additional
information to determine the final impact on its condensed consolidated financial statements.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"></P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">In
February 2018, the FASB issued Accounting Standards Update No. 2018-02 (&ldquo;ASU 2018-02&rdquo;), Income Statement - Reporting
Comprehensive Income (Topic 220). The guidance in ASU 2018-02 allows an entity to elect to reclassify the stranded tax effects
related to the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act (the Tax Act) of 2017 from accumulated other comprehensive income into retained earnings.
ASU 2018-02 is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2018, with early adoption permitted. The Company is currently
evaluating the effect this standard will have on its condensed consolidated financial statements.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt; background-color: white">In
June 2018, the FASB issued ASU 2018-07, Compensation-Stock Compensation (Topic 718), Improvements to Nonemployee Share-based Payments
(&ldquo;ASU 2018-07&rdquo;). This ASU expands the scope of Topic 718 to include share-based payment transactions for acquiring
goods and services from nonemployees. The effective date for the standard is for interim periods in fiscal years beginning after
December 15, 2018, with early adoption permitted, but no earlier than the Company&rsquo;s adoption date of Topic 606. U</FONT><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">nder
the new guidance, the measurement of nonemployee equity awards is fixed on the grant date.&nbsp;<FONT STYLE="background-color: white">The
new guidance is required to be applied retrospectively with the cumulative effect recognized at the date of initial application.
The Company is currently evaluating the effect ASU 2018-07 will have on the condensed consolidated financial statements.</FONT></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">In
August 2018, the FASB issued ASU 2018-13, Fair Value Measurement (&ldquo;Topic 820&rdquo;): Disclosure Framework - Changes to
the Disclosure Requirements for Fair Value Measurement (&ldquo;ASU 2018-13&rdquo;). The ASU modifies the disclosure requirements
in Topic 820, Fair Value Measurement, by removing certain disclosure requirements related to the fair value hierarchy, modifying
existing disclosure requirements related to measurement uncertainty and adding new disclosure requirements, such as disclosing
the changes in unrealized gains and losses for the period included in other comprehensive income for recurring Level 3 fair value
measurements held at the end of the reporting period and disclosing the range and weighted average of significant unobservable
inputs used to develop Level 3 fair value measurements. This ASU is effective for public companies for annual reporting periods
and interim periods within those annual periods beginning after December 15, 2019. The Company is currently evaluating the effect,
if any, that the ASU 2018-13 will have on its financial statements.&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>3.
GOING CONCERN</B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
accompanying consolidated financial statements have been prepared assuming the Company will continue as a going concern. The Company
has incurred losses since its inception resulting in an accumulated deficit of $19,877,901 and $15,776,598 as of December 31,
2018 and 2017, respectively, and incurred net loss of $4,101,303 and $4,242,860 for the years ended December 31, 2018 and 2017,
respectively. The Company also had working capital deficiency of $5,471,951 and $1,756,915 at December 31, 2018 and 2017, respectively.
The ability to continue as a going concern is dependent upon the Company generating profitable operations in the future and/or
obtaining the necessary financing to meet its obligations and repay its liabilities arising from normal business operations when
they become due. These consolidated financial statements do not include any adjustments to the recoverability and classification
of recorded asset amounts and classification of liabilities that might be necessary should the Company upon signing of that agreement.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt; background-color: white">In
order to continue as a going concern, the Company will need, among other things, additional capital resources. Management&rsquo;s
plans to obtain such resources for the Company include&nbsp;(1) obtaining capital from the sale of its equity securities (2) short-term
and long-term borrowings from banks and third-parties, and (3) short-term borrowings from stockholders or other related party(ies)
when needed. However, management cannot provide any assurance that the Company will be successful in accomplishing any of its
plans.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt; background-color: white">The
ability of the Company to continue as a going concern is dependent upon its ability to successfully accomplish the plans described
in the preceding paragraph and eventually to secure other sources of financing and attain profitable operations.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"></P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>4.&nbsp;COLLABORATIVE
AGREEMENTS</B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>&nbsp;</B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B><U>Collaborative
agreement with BioLite Inc., a related party</U></B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>&nbsp;</B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">On
December 29, 2015, American BriVision Corporation entered into a collaborative agreement (the &ldquo;BioLite Collaborative Agreement&rdquo;)
with BioLite Inc. (the &ldquo;BioLite&rdquo;), a related party (See Note 8), pursuant to which BioLite granted BriVision sole
licensing rights for drug and therapeutic use of five products, including BLI-1005 CNS-Major Depressive Disorder, BLI-1008 CNS-Attention
Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder, BLI-1401-1 Anti-Tumor Combination Therapy-Solid Tumor with Anti-PD-1, BLI-1401-2 Anti-Tumor Combination
Therapy-Triple Negative Breast Cancer, and BLI-1501 Hematology-Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia, in the U.S.A and Canada. Under the
BioLite Collaborative Agreement, BriVision should pay a total of $100,000,000 in cash or stock of BriVision with equivalent value,
according to the following schedule:</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0; width: 100%"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; text-align: justify">
<TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#9679;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">upfront
                                         payment shall upon the signing of this BioLite Collaborative Agreement: 3.5% of total
                                         payment. After receiving upfront payment from BriVision, BioLite has to deliver all data
                                         to BriVision in one week.</FONT></TD>
</TR>     <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; text-align: justify">
<TD>&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
</TABLE>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0; width: 100%"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; text-align: justify">
<TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#9679;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">upon
                                         the first IND submission, BriVision shall pay, but no later than December 15, 2016: 6.5%
                                         of total payment. After receiving second payment from BriVision, BioLite has to deliver
                                         IND package to BriVision in one week.</FONT></TD>
</TR>     <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; text-align: justify">
<TD>&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
</TABLE>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0; width: 100%"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; text-align: justify">
<TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#9679;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">at
                                                                                                                                                                               the completion of first phase II clinical trial, BriVision shall pay: 15% of total payment. After receiving third payment from
                                                                                                                                                                               BriVision,                                          BioLite has to deliver phase II clinical study report to BriVision in
                                                                                                                                                                               three months.</FONT></TD>
</TR>     <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; text-align: justify">
<TD>&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
</TABLE>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0; width: 100%"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; text-align: justify">
<TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#9679;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">upon
                                                                                                                                                                               the phase III IND submission, BriVision shall pay: 20% of total payment. After receiving forth payment from BriVision, BioLite
                                                                                                                                                                               has to deliver                                          IND package to BriVision in one week.</FONT></TD>
</TR>     <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; text-align: justify">
<TD>&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
</TABLE>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0; width: 100%"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; text-align: justify">
<TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#9679;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">at
                                         the completion of phase III, BriVision shall pay: 25%
                                         of total payment. After receiving fifth payment from BriVision, BioLite has to deliver
                                         phase III clinical study report to BriVision in three months.</FONT></TD>
</TR>     <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; text-align: justify">
<TD>&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
</TABLE>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0; width: 100%"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; text-align: justify">
<TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#9679;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">upon
                                         the NDA submission, BriVision shall pay BriVision
                                         shall pay: 30% of total payment. After receiving sixth payment from BriVision, BioLite
                                         has to deliver NDA package to BriVision in one week.</FONT></TD>
</TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">This
BioLite Collaborative Agreement shall, once signed by both Parties, remain in effect for fifteen years as of the first commercial
sales of the Product in the Territory and automatically renew for five more years unless either party gives the other party six
month written notice of termination prior to the expiration date of the term.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Pursuant
to the BioLite Collaborative Agreement, an upfront payment of $3,500,000 (the &ldquo;Milestone Payment&rdquo;), which is 3.5%
of total payments due under the BioLite Collaborative Agreement, was to be paid by the Company upon signing of that agreement.
On May 6, 2016, the Company and BioLite agreed to amend the BioLite Collaborative Agreement, through entry into the Milestone
Payment Agreement, whereby the Company agreed to pay the Milestone Payment to BioLite with $2,600,000 in cash and $900,000 in
the form of newly issued shares of its Common Stock, at the price of $1.60 per share, for an aggregate number of 562,500 shares.
The cash payment and shares issuance were completed in June 2016.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Pursuant
to the BioLite Collaborative Agreement, the 6.5% of total payment, $6,500,000 shall be made upon the first IND submission which
was submitted in March 2016. On February 2017, the Company agreed to pay this amount to BioLite with $650,000 in cash and $5,850,000
in the form of newly issued shares of its Common Stock, at the price of $2.0 per share, for an aggregate number of 2,925,000 shares.
The cash payment and shares issuance were completed in February 2017.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"></P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Pursuant
to the BioLite Collaborative Agreement, the 15% of total payment, $15,000,000 shall be made at the completion of first phase II
clinical trial. As of December 31, 2018, the first phase II clinical trial research has not completed yet.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
Company determined to fully expense the amount of $10,000,000 since currently the related licensing rights do not have
alternative future uses. According to ASC 730-10-25-1, absent alternative future uses the acquisition of product rights to be
used in research and development activities must be charged to research and development expenses immediately. Hence the entire
amount is fully expensed as research and development expense.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">On
January 12, 2017, the Company entered into an Addendum (the &ldquo;Addendum&rdquo;) to the BioLite Collaborative Agreement which
was previously entered into with BioLite. Pursuant to the Addendum, the Company and BioLite agreed to include one more product,
namely, &ldquo;Maitake Combination Therapy&rdquo; as one of the Products defined in the BioLite Collaborative Agreement (the &ldquo;Sixth
Product&rsquo;) and defined the Territory of the Sixth Product to be worldwide and restate the Territory of the Five Products
to be the U.S.A and Canada.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B><U>Co-Development
agreement with Rgene Corporation, a related party</U></B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">On
May 26, 2017, American BriVision Corporation entered into a co-development agreement (the &ldquo;Co-Dev Agreement&rdquo;) with
Rgene Corporation (the &ldquo;Rgene&rdquo;), a related party under common control by controlling beneficiary shareholder of YuanGene
Corporation and the Company (See Note 8). Pursuant to Co-Dev Agreement, BriVision and Rgene agreed to co-develop and commercialize
certain products that are included in the Sixth Product as defined in the Addendum. Under the terms of the Co-Dev Agreement, Rgene
should pay the Company $3,000,000 in cash or stock of Rgene with equivalent value by August 15, 2017. The payment is for the compensation
of BriVision&rsquo;s past research efforts and contributions made by BriVision before the Co-Dev Agreement was signed and it does
not relate to any future commitments made by BriVision and Rgene in this Co-Dev Agreement. Besides of $3,000,000, the Company
is entitled to receive 50% of the future net licensing income or net sales profit earned by Rgene, if any, and any development
cost shall be equally shared by both BriVision and Rgene.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">On
June 1, 2017, the Company has delivered all research, technical, data and development data to Rgene. Since both Rgene and the
Company are related parties and under common control by a controlling beneficiary shareholder of Yuangene Corporation and the
Company, the Company has recorded the full amount of $3,000,000 in connection with the Co-Dev Agreement as additional paid-in
capital during the year ended September 30, 2017. During the year ended December 31, 2017, the Company has received $450,000 in
cash. On December 24, 2018, the Company received the remaining balance of $2,550,000 in the form of newly issued shares of Rgene&rsquo;s
Common Stock, at the price of NT$50 (approximately equivalent to $1.60 per share), for an aggregate number of 1,530,000 shares,
which accounted for equity method long-term investment as of December 31, 2018. During the year ended December 31, 2018, the Company
has recognized investment loss of $549. On December 31, 2018, the Company has determined to fully write off this investment based
on the Company&rsquo;s assessment of the severity and duration of the impairment, and qualitative and quantitative analysis of
the operating performance of the investee, adverse changes in market conditions and the regulatory or economic environment, changes
in operating structure of Rgene, additional funding requirements, and Rgene&rsquo;s ability to remain in business. However, all
projects that have been initiated and scheduled will be continuously managed and supported by the Company and Rgene (See Note
5).</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"></P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><B><U>Collaborative
agreement with BioFirst Corporation, a related party</U></B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">On
July 24, 2017, American BriVision Corporation entered into a collaborative agreement (the &ldquo;BioFirst Collaborative Agreement&rdquo;)
with BioFirst Corporation (&ldquo;BioFirst&rdquo;), pursuant to which BioFirst granted the Company the global licensing right
for medical use of the product (the &ldquo;Product&rdquo;): BFC-1401 Vitreous Substitute for Vitrectomy. BioFirst is a related
party to the Company because a controlling beneficiary shareholder of Yuangene Corporation and the Company is one of the directors
and Common Stock shareholders of BioFirst (See Note 8).</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></P>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Pursuant
to the BioFirst Collaborative Agreement, the Company will co-develop and commercialize the Product with BioFirst and pay BioFirst
in a total amount of $3,000,000 in cash or stock of the Company before September 30, 2018. The amount of $3,000,000 is in connection
with the compensation for BioFirst&rsquo;s past research efforts and contributions made by BioFirst before the BioFirst Collaborative
Agreement was signed and it does not relate to any future commitments made by BioFirst and BriVision in this BioFirst Collaborative
Agreement. In addition, the Company is entitled to receive 50% of the future net licensing income or net sales profit, if any,
and any development cost shall be equally shared by both BriVision and BioFirst.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">On
September 25, 2017, BioFirst has delivered all research, technical, data and development data to BriVision. No payment has been
made by the Company as of the date of this propsectus. The Company determined to fully expense the entire amount of $3,000,000
since currently the related licensing rights do not have alternative future uses. According to ASC 730-10-25-1, absent alternative
future uses the acquisition of product rights to be used in research and development activities must be charged to research and
development expenses immediately. Hence, the entire amount of $3,000,000 is fully expensed as research and development expense
during the year ended September 30, 2017.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0; text-align: center; margin-bottom: 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>5.
LONG-TERM INVESTMENT</B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">On
December 24, 2018, the Company received the remaining balance of $2,550,000 in the form of newly issued shares of Rgene&rsquo;s
Common Stock, at the price of NT$50 (approximately equivalent to $1.60 per share), for an aggregate number of 1,530,000 shares(See
Note 4). As of December 31, 2018, the Company owns 23.90% common stock shares of Rgene, accounting for its equity interest using
the equity method to its equity investment as prescribed in ASC 323, Investments&mdash;Equity Method and Joint Ventures (&ldquo;ASC
323&rdquo;). Equity method adjustments include the Company&rsquo;s proportionate share of investee&rsquo;s income or loss and
other adjustments required by the equity method.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<TABLE CELLSPACING="0" CELLPADDING="0" STYLE="width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">

    <TD STYLE="width: 24px; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(1)</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
    ownership percentages of the investee are listed as follows:</FONT></TD></TR>
</TABLE>
<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<TABLE CELLSPACING="0" CELLPADDING="0" STYLE="width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-collapse: collapse">
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="6" STYLE="border-bottom: black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>Ownership
    percentage</B></FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>December&nbsp;31,</B></FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>December&nbsp;31,</B></FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>Accounting</B></FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>Name
    of related party</B></FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="border-bottom: black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>2018</B></FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="border-bottom: black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>2017</B></FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>treatment</B></FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="width: 62%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Rgene
    Corporation</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 9%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">23.90</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">%</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 9%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">N/A</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="white-space: nowrap; width: 13%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Equity
    Method</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD></TR>
</TABLE>
<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<TABLE CELLSPACING="0" CELLPADDING="0" STYLE="width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">

    <TD STYLE="width: 24px; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(2)</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
    extent the investee relies on the company for its business are summarized as follows:</FONT></TD></TR>
</TABLE>
<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<TABLE CELLSPACING="0" CELLPADDING="0" STYLE="width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-collapse: collapse">
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="white-space: nowrap; width: 35%; border-bottom: black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>Name
    of related party</B></FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 64%; border-bottom: black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>The
    extent the investee relies on the Company for its business</B></FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="white-space: nowrap; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Rgene
    Corporation</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="white-space: nowrap; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Collaborating
    with the Company to develop and commercialize drugs</FONT></TD></TR>
</TABLE>
<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<TABLE CELLSPACING="0" CELLPADDING="0" STYLE="width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">

    <TD STYLE="width: 24px; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(3)</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Long-term
    investment mainly consists of the following:</FONT></TD></TR>
</TABLE>
<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<TABLE CELLSPACING="0" CELLPADDING="0" STYLE="width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-collapse: collapse">
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>December&nbsp;31,</B></FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>December&nbsp;31,</B></FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="border-bottom: black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>2018</B></FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="border-bottom: black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>2017</B></FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: white; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="width: 77%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Equity
    Method Investments, net of impairment</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 9%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 8%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Rgene
    Corporation</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">$</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;-</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">N/A</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: white; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-left: 0.125in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Total</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: black 4.5pt double; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">$</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: black 4.5pt double; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">-</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: black 4.5pt double; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: black 4.5pt double; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;N/A</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD></TR>
</TABLE>
<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"></P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<TABLE CELLSPACING="0" CELLPADDING="0" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%">
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">

    <TD STYLE="width: 24px; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(4)</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Summarized
    financial information for the Company&rsquo;s equity method investee, Rgene, is as follows:</FONT></TD></TR>
</TABLE>
<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><I>Balance
Sheets</I></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLSPACING="0" CELLPADDING="0" STYLE="width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-collapse: collapse">
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="border-bottom: black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>December&nbsp;31,</B></FONT><BR>
    <FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>2018</B></FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="border-bottom: black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>December&nbsp;31,</B></FONT><BR>
    <FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>2017</B></FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="width: 77%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Current
    Assets</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">$</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 9%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">98,168</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 8%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">N/A</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: white; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Noncurrent
    Assets</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">14,779</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">N/A</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Current
    Liabilities</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">261,685</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">N/A</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: white; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Shareholders&rsquo;
    Deficit</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(148,738</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">)</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">N/A</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD></TR>
</TABLE>
<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom">
    <TD STYLE="font: italic 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Statements of operation</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="6" STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid">For
    the Years Ended December&nbsp;31,</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid">2018</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid">2017</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">Net sales</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">$</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">-</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">N/A</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">Gross Profit</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">-</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">N/A</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="width: 76%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">Net loss</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="width: 9%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">(120,065</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">)</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="width: 9%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">N/A</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">Share of loss from investments accounted for using
    the equity method</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">(549</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">)</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">N/A</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
</TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<TABLE CELLSPACING="0" CELLPADDING="0" STYLE="width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">

    <TD STYLE="width: 24px; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(5)</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Losses
    on Equity Investments</FONT></TD></TR>
</TABLE>
<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
components of losses on equity investments for each period were as follows:</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="6" STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid">For
    the Years Ended<BR> December 31,</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid">2018</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid">2017</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="width: 76%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">Share of equity method investee losses</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">$</TD><TD STYLE="width: 9%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">(549</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">)</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="width: 9%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">N/A</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">Impairments</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">(2,549,451</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">)</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">N/A</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; padding-bottom: 4pt; padding-left: 0.125in">Total losses on equity investments</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 4pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">$</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">(2,550,000</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 4pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">)</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 4pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">N/A</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 4pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
</TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"></P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>6.
ACCRUED EXPENSES</B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>&nbsp;</B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Accrued
expenses as of December 31, 2018 and 2017 consisted of:</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<TABLE CELLSPACING="0" CELLPADDING="0" STYLE="width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-collapse: collapse">
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="border-bottom: black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>December&nbsp;31,</B></FONT><BR>
    <FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>2018</B></FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="border-bottom: black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>December&nbsp;31,</B></FONT><BR>
    <FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>2017</B></FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="width: 77%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Accrued
    payroll</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">$</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 9%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">444,400</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">$</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 8%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">110,800</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: white; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Accrued
    rent</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">4,941</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Accrued
    interest expense &ndash; related party (Note 7)</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">18,868</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">17,460</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: white; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Accrued
    expenses</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">87,240</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">42,667</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-left: 0.125in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Total</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: black 4.5pt double; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">$</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: black 4.5pt double; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">555,449</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: black 4.5pt double; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">$</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: black 4.5pt double; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">170,927</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD></TR>
</TABLE>
<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>7.
CONVERTIBLE NOTES PAYABLE</B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>&nbsp;</B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">On
May 9, 2018, the Company issued an eighteen-month term unsecured convertible promissory note (the &ldquo;Yu and Wei Note&rdquo;)
in an aggregate principal amount of $300,000 to Guoliang Yu and Yingfei Wei Family Trust (the &ldquo;Yu and Wei&rdquo;), pursuant
to which the Company received $300,000. The Yu and Wei Note bears interest at 8% per annum. The Company shall pay to the Yu and
Wei an amount in cash representing all outstanding principal and accrued and unpaid interest on the Eighteenth (18) month anniversary
of the issuance date of the Yu and Wei Note, which is on November 8, 2019. In the event that the Company raises gross proceeds
from the sale of its common stock of at least $5,000,000 (an &ldquo;Equity Offering&rdquo;) then within five days of the closing
for such offering, the Company must repay the outstanding amount of this Yu and Wei Note. At any time from the date hereof until
this Yu and Wei Note has been satisfied, the Yu and Wei may convert the unpaid and outstanding principal plus any accrued and
unpaid interest and or default interest, if any, into shares of the Company&rsquo;s common stock at a conversion price (the &ldquo;Conversion
Price&rdquo;) equal to the lower of (i) $2.00 per share (the &ldquo;Fixed Conversion Price&rdquo;), subject to adjustment or (ii)
80% of the per share offering price (the &ldquo;Alternative Conversion Price&rdquo;) of any completed equity offering of the Company
in an amount exceeding $500,000 that occurs when any part of the Yu and Wei Note is outstanding, subject to adjustments set forth
in the Yu and Wei Note. In accordance with FASB ASC 470-20, the Company recognized none of the intrinsic value of embedded beneficial
conversion feature present in the Yu and Wei Note as of December 31, 2018.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">On
June 27, 2018, the Company issued an eighteen-month term unsecured convertible promissory note (the &ldquo;Keypoint Note&rdquo;)
in the aggregate principal amount of $250,000 to Keypoint Technology Ltd. (&ldquo;Keypoint&rdquo;), a related party, pursuant
to which the Company received $250,000. The Keypoint Note bears interest at 8% per annum. The Company shall pay to the Keypoint
an amount in cash representing all outstanding principal and accrued and unpaid interest on the Eighteenth (18) month anniversary
of the issuance date of the Keypoint Note, which is on December 26, 2019. In the event that the Company raises gross proceeds
from the sale of its common stock of at least $5,000,000 (an &ldquo;Equity Offering&rdquo;) then within five days of the closing
for such offering, the Company must repay the outstanding amount of this Keypoint Note. At any time from the date hereof until
this Keypoint Note has been satisfied, Keypoint may convert the unpaid and outstanding principal plus any accrued and unpaid interest
and or default interest, if any, into shares of the Company&rsquo;s common stock at a conversion price (the &ldquo;Conversion
Price&rdquo;) equal to the lower of (i) $2.00 per share (the &ldquo;Fixed Conversion Price&rdquo;), subject to adjustment or (ii)
80% of the per share offering price (the &ldquo;Alternative Conversion Price&rdquo;) of any completed equity offering of the Company
in an amount exceeding $500,000 that occurs when any part of the Keypoint Note is outstanding, subject to adjustments set forth
in the Keypoint Note. In accordance with FASB ASC 470-20, the Company recognized none of the intrinsic value of embedded beneficial
conversion feature present in the Keypoint Note as of December 31, 2018.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"></P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">On
August 25, 2018, the Company issued an eighteen-month term unsecured convertible promissory note (the &ldquo;Odaira Note&rdquo;)
in the aggregate principal amount of $250,000 to the Company&rsquo;s director, Yoshinobu Odaira. (&ldquo;Odaira), pursuant to
which the Company received $250,000 on November 29, 2018. The Odaira Note bears interest at 8% per annum. The Company shall pay
to the Odaira an amount in cash representing all outstanding principal and accrued and unpaid interest on the Eighteenth (18)
month anniversary of the issuance date of the Odaira Note, which is on February 24, 2020. In the event that the Company raises
gross proceeds from the sale of its common stock of at least $5,000,000 (an &ldquo;Equity Offering&rdquo;) then within five days
of the closing for such offering, the Company must repay the outstanding amount of this Odaira Note. At any time from the date
hereof until this Odaira Note has been satisfied, Odaira may convert the unpaid and outstanding principal plus any accrued and
unpaid interest and or default interest, if any, into shares of the Company&rsquo;s common stock at a conversion price (the &ldquo;Conversion
Price&rdquo;) equal to the lower of (i) $2.00 per share (the &ldquo;Fixed Conversion Price&rdquo;), subject to adjustment or (ii)
80% of the per share offering price (the &ldquo;Alternative Conversion Price&rdquo;) of any completed equity offering of the Company
in an amount exceeding $500,000 that occurs when any part of the Odaira Note is outstanding, subject to adjustments set forth
in the Odaira Note. In accordance with FASB ASC 470-20, the Company recognized none of the intrinsic value of embedded beneficial
conversion feature present in the Odaira Note as of December 31, 2018.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">As
of December 31, 2018, the aggregate carrying values of the convertible debentures and accrued convertible interest were $800,000
and $27,467, respectively. Interest expense was $27,467 and $0 for the years ended December 31, 2018 and 2017, respectively.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>8.
RELATED PARTIES TRANSACTIONS</B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
related parties of the company with whom transactions are reported in these financial statements are as follows:</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<TABLE CELLSPACING="0" CELLPADDING="0" STYLE="width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-collapse: collapse">
<TR STYLE="background-color: white; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: top; width: 51%; border-bottom: black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>Name
    of entity or Individual</B></FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; width: 48%; border-bottom: black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>Relationship
    with the Company and its subsidiaries</B></FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="background-color: #CCEEFF; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">BioLite
    Inc.&nbsp;(the &ldquo;BioLite&rdquo;)</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Shareholder
    of the Company; entity controlled by controlling beneficiary shareholder of YuanGene</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="background-color: white; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">BioFirst
    Corporation (the &ldquo;BioFirst&rdquo;)</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Entity
    controlled by controlling beneficiary shareholder of YuanGene</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="background-color: #CCEEFF; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">BioFirst
    (Australia) Pty Ltd. (the BioFirst (Australia)&rdquo;)</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">100%
    owned by BioFirst; Entity controlled by controlling beneficiary shareholder of YuanGene</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="background-color: white; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Rgene
    Corporation (the &ldquo;Rgene&rdquo;)</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Shareholder
    of the Company; entity controlled by controlling beneficiary shareholder of YuanGene</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="background-color: #CCEEFF; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">LionGene
    Corporation (the &ldquo;LionGene&rdquo;)</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Shareholder
    of the Company; entity controlled by controlling beneficiary shareholder of YuanGene</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="background-color: white; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">YuanGene
    Corporation (the &ldquo;YuanGene&rdquo;)</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Controlling
    beneficiary shareholder of the Company</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="background-color: #CCEEFF; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">AsianGene
    Corporation (the &ldquo;AsianGene&rdquo;)</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Shareholder;
    entity controlled by controlling beneficiary shareholder of YuanGene</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="background-color: white; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Eugene
    Jiang</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Former
    President and Chairman</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="background-color: #CCEEFF; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Keypoint
    Technology Ltd. (the &ldquo;Keypoint&rsquo;)</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
    Chairman of Keypoint is Eugene Jiang&rsquo;s mother.</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="background-color: white; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Yoshinobu
    Odaira (the &ldquo;Odaira&rdquo;)</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Director
    of the Company</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="background-color: #CCEEFF; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Euro-Asia
    Investment &amp; Finance Corp Ltd. (the &ldquo;Euro-Asia&rdquo;)</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Shareholder
    of the Company</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="background-color: white; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Kimho
    Consultants Co., Ltd. (the &ldquo;Kimho&rdquo;)</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Shareholder
    of the Company</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="background-color: #CCEEFF; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">BioKey,
    Inc. (the &ldquo;BioKey&rdquo;)</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">One
    of wholly-owned subsidiaries of ABVC upon closing of the Mergers on February 8, 2019</FONT></TD></TR>
</TABLE>
<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>&nbsp;</B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"></P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>&nbsp;</B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><U>Other
receivable - related parties</U></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Amount
due from related parties consisted of the following as of the periods indicated:</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>&nbsp;</B></FONT></P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center">December 31,</TD><TD STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center">December&nbsp;31,</TD><TD STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid">2018</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid">2017</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="width: 76%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">BioFirst (Australia)</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 1%; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">$</TD><TD STYLE="width: 9%; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">40,000</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 1%; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">$</TD><TD STYLE="width: 9%; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;-</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 4pt; padding-left: 0.125in">Total</TD><TD STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 4pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">$</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">40,000</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 4pt; font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 4pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">$</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">-</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 4pt; font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
</TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><U>Due
to related parties</U></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Amount
due to related parties consisted of the following as of the periods indicated:</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center">December 31,</TD><TD STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center">December 31,</TD><TD STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid">2018</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid">2017</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="width: 76%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">BioLite Inc.</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">$</TD><TD STYLE="width: 9%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">58,684</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">$</TD><TD STYLE="width: 9%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">109,220</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">BioFirst Corporation</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">4,151,301</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">3,957,000</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">AsianGene Corporation</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">160,000</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">160,000</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">YuanGene Corporation</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">92,690</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">3,000</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">Eugene Jiang</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">100</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">100</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 4pt; padding-left: 0.125in">Total</TD><TD STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 4pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">$</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">4,462,775</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 4pt; font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 4pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">$</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">4,229,320</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 4pt; font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
</TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><U>Related
party transactions</U></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<TABLE CELLSPACING="0" CELLPADDING="0" STYLE="width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">

    <TD STYLE="width: 29px; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(1)</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">During
    the years ended December 31, 2018 and 2017, BioLite has advanced funds to the Company for working capital purpose. The advances
    bear 0% interest rate and are due on demand. As of December 31,2018 and 2017, the outstanding advance balance was $58,684
    and $109,2220, respectively.</FONT></TD></TR>

<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">

    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(2)</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">On
    January 26, 2017, the Company and BioFirst entered into a loan agreement for a total commitment (non-secured indebtedness)
    of $950,000 to meet its working capital needs. Under the terms of the loan agreement, the loan bears interest at 1% per month
    (or equivalent to 12% per annum) and the Company is required to pay interest monthly to the lender. The loan will be matured
    on February 1, 2018. As of December 31, 2018 and 2017, the outstanding loan balance is $692,980 and $950,000, and accrued
    interest is $281 and $17,460, respectively. Interest expenses in connection with this loan were $104,331 and $103,460 for
    the years ended December 31, 2018 and 2017, respectively.</FONT></TD></TR>

<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">

    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(3)</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">On
    July 24, 2017, BriVision entered into a collaborative agreement (the &ldquo;BioFirst Collaborative Agreement&rdquo;) with
    BioFirst (See Note 4). On September 25, 2017, BioFirst has delivered all research, technical, data and development data to
    BriVision, and the Company has recorded the full amount of $3,000,000 due to BioFirst. No payment has been made by the Company
    as of the date of this propsectus.</FONT></TD></TR>

</TABLE>

<P STYLE="margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="margin: 0"></P>

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<P STYLE="margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLSPACING="0" CELLPADDING="0" STYLE="width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">

    <TD STYLE="width: 29px; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(4)</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">During
    the years ended December 31, 2018 and 2017, BioFirst has also advanced funds to the Company for working capital purpose. The
    advances bear 0% interest rate and are due on demand. As of December 31,2018 and 2017, the outstanding advance balance was
    $458,321 and $7,000, respectively.</FONT></TD></TR>

<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">

    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(5)</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">In
    September 2017, AsianGene entered an investment and equity transfer agreement (the &ldquo;Investment and Equity Transfer Agreement&rdquo;)
    with Everfront Biotech Inc. (the &ldquo;Everfront&rdquo;), a third party. Pursuant to the Investment and Equity Transfer Agreement,
    Everfront agreed to purchase 2,000,000 common shares of the Company owned by AsianGene at $1.60 per share in a total amount
    of $3,200,000, of which $160,000 is due before September 15, 2017 and the remaining amount of $3,040,000 is due before December
    15, 2017. AsianGene also agreed to loan the proceeds to the Company for working capital purpose. The non-secured loan bears
    0% interest rate and is due on demand. As of December 31, 2018 and 2017, the outstanding loan balance was $160,000 and accrued
    interest was $12,866 and $0, respectively. Interest expenses in connection with this loan were $18,411 and $0 for the years
    ended December 31, 2018 and 2017, respectively.</FONT></TD></TR>

<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">

    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(6)</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">As
    of December 31, 2018 and 2017, YuanGene Corporation has advanced an aggregate amount of $42,690 and $3,000, respectively,
    to the Company for working capital purpose. The advances bear 0% interest rate and are due on demand.</FONT></TD></TR>

<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">

    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(7)</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">On
    January 18, 2018, the Company and YuanGene entered into a loan agreement for a total of $50,000 to meet its working capital
    needs. Under the terms of the loan agreement, the loan bears interest at 1% per month (or equivalent to 12% per annum) and
    the Company is required to pay interest monthly to the lender. The maturity date of this loan is January 19, 2019. As of December
    31, 2018 and December 31, 2017, the outstanding loan balance was $50,000 and $0, and accrued interest was $5,721 and $0, respectively.
    Interest expenses in connection with this loan were $5,721 and $0 for the years ended December 31, 2018 and 2017, respectively.</FONT></TD></TR>

<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">

    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(8)</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">As
    of December 31, 2018 and December 31, 2017, the Chairman, Eugene Jiang, of the Company has advanced an aggregate amount of
    $100 to the Company for working capital purpose. The advances bear 0% interest rate and are due on demand.</FONT></TD></TR>

<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">

    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(9)</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">On
    June 27, 2018, the Company issued an eighteen-month term unsecured convertible promissory note (the &ldquo;Keypoint Note&rdquo;)
    in the aggregate principal amount of $250,000 to Keypoint Technology Ltd. (&ldquo;Keypoint&rdquo;) (See Note 7). The Company
    received $250,000 which bears interest at 8% per annum. Interest expense in connection with this Keypoint Note was $10,222
    and $0 for the years ended December 31, 2018 and 2017, respectively.</FONT></TD></TR>

<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">

    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(10)</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">On
    August 25, 2018, the Company issued an eighteen-month term unsecured convertible promissory note (the &ldquo;Odaira Note&rdquo;)
    in the aggregate principal amount of $250,000 to Yoshinobu Odaira (&ldquo;Odaira&rdquo;) (See Note 7). The Company received
    $250,000 on November 29, 2018 which bears interest at 8% per annum. Interest expense in connection with this Odaira Note was
    $1,778 and $0 for the years ended December 31, 2018 and 2017, respectively.</FONT></TD></TR>

<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">

    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(11)</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">On
    January 1, 2017, Kimho Consultants Co., Ltd. and the Company entered into a service agreement (the &ldquo;Kimho Agreement&rdquo;)
    for the maintenance of the listing in the U.S. stock exchange market. During the years ended December 31, 2018 and 2017, the
    Company recognized non-employee stock based compensation expenses of $0 and $90,000 in connection with the terms in the Kimho
    Agreement, respectively.</FONT></TD></TR>

</TABLE>

<P STYLE="margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="margin: 0"></P>

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<P STYLE="margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLSPACING="0" CELLPADDING="0" STYLE="width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">

    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 29px"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(12)</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">On
    January 1, 2017, Euro-Asia Investment &amp; Finance Corp Ltd. and the Company entered into a service agreement (the &ldquo;Euro-Asia
    Agreement&rdquo;) for the maintenance of the listing in the U.S. stock exchange market. During the years ended December 31,
    2018 and 2017, the Company recognized non-employee stock based compensation expenses of $0 and $60,000 in connection with
    the terms in the Euro-Asia Agreement, respectively.</FONT></TD></TR>

<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">

    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(13)</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">During
    the year ended December 31, 2017, the Company provided a one-time consulting service to LionGene Corporation for $70,000.
    Since both LionGene and the Company are related parties and under common control by a controlling beneficiary shareholder
    of YuanGene Corporation, the Company has recorded the full amount of $70,000 as additional paid-in capital during the year
    ended September 30, 2017.</FONT></TD></TR>

<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">

    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(14)</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">During
    the year ended September 30, 2017, the Company entered an operating lease agreement with AsianGene for an office space in
    Taiwan for the period from October 1, 2016 to July 31, 2017. The monthly base rent is approximately $5,000. Rent expenses
    under this lease agreement amounted to $0 and $52,205 for the years ended December 31, 2018 and 2017, respectively.</FONT></TD></TR>

<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">

    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(15)</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">On
    October 2, 2018, the Company and BioKey entered into an operating lease agreement for an office space in Fremont, California.
    The lease can be terminated one month in advance provided with written notice. The monthly base rent is $800. Rent expenses
    under this lease agreement amounted to $2,400 and $0 for the years ended December 31, 2018 and 2017, respectively.</FONT></TD></TR>
</TABLE>
<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0; text-align: center; margin-bottom: 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>9.
EQUITY</B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>&nbsp;</B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">During
October 2015, $350,000 of subscription receivable was fully collected from the shareholders.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">On
February 8, 2016, a Share Exchange Agreement (&ldquo;Share Exchange Agreement&rdquo;) was entered into by and among American BriVision
(Holding) Corporation (the&nbsp;&ldquo;Company&rdquo;), American BriVision Corporation&nbsp;(&ldquo;BriVision&rdquo;), Euro-Asia
Investment &amp; Finance Corp. Limited, a company incorporated under the laws of Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of People&rsquo;s
Republic of China (&ldquo;Euro-Asia&rdquo;), being the owners of record of 164,387,376 (52,336,000 pre-stock split) shares of
Common Stock of the Company, and the owners of record of all of the issued share capital of BriVision (the&nbsp;&ldquo;BriVision
Stock&rdquo;). Pursuant to the Share Exchange Agreement, upon surrender by the BriVision Shareholders and the cancellation by
BriVision of the certificates evidencing the BriVision Stock as registered in the name of each BriVision Shareholder, and pursuant
to the registration of the Company in the register of members maintained by BriVision as the new holder of the BriVision Stock
and the issuance of the certificates evidencing the aforementioned registration of the BriVision Stock in the name of the Company,
the Company should issue 166,273,921(52,936,583 pre-stock split) shares (the&nbsp;&ldquo;Acquisition Stock&rdquo;) (subject to
adjustment for fractionalized shares as set forth below) of the Company&rsquo;s Common Stock to the BriVision Shareholders (or
their designees), and 163,159,952 (51,945,225 pre-stock split) shares of the Company&rsquo;s Common Stock owned by Euro-Asia should
be cancelled and retired to treasury. The Acquisition Stock collectively should represent 79.70% of the issued and outstanding
Common Stock of the Company immediately after the Closing, in exchange for the BriVision Stock, representing 100% of the issued
share capital of BriVision in a reverse merger, or the Merger. Pursuant to the Merger, all of the issued and outstanding shares
of BriVision&rsquo;s Common Stock were converted, at an exchange ratio of 0.2536-for-1, into an aggregate of 166,273,921(52,936,583
pre-stock split) shares of Company&rsquo;s Common Stock and BriVision became a wholly owned subsidiary, of the Company. The holders
of Company&rsquo;s Common Stock as of immediately prior to the Merger held an aggregate of 205,519,223 (65,431,144 pre-stock split)
shares of Company&rsquo;s Common Stock,&nbsp;Because of the exchange of the BriVision Stock for the Acquisition Stock (the&nbsp;&ldquo;Share
Exchange&rdquo;), BriVision became a wholly owned subsidiary (the &ldquo;Subsidiary&rdquo;) of the Company and there was a change
of control of the Company following the closing. There were no warrants, options or other equity instruments issued in connection
with the share exchange agreement.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">On
February 17, 2016, pursuant to the 2016 Equity Incentive Plan (the &ldquo;2016 Plan&rdquo;), 157,050 (50,000 pre-stock split)
shares were granted to the employees.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"></P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">On
March 21, 2016, the Board of Directors of the Company approved an amendment to Articles of Incorporation to effect a forward split
at a ratio of 1 to 3:141 (the &ldquo;Forward&nbsp;Stock&nbsp;Split&rdquo;) and increase the number of our authorized shares of
Common Stock, par value $0.001 per share, to 360,000,000, which was effective on April 8, 2016.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
majority of the shareholders of the Company approved the amendment to Articles of Incorporation.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">On
May 6, 2016, the Company and BioLite agreed to amend the BioLite Collaborative Agreement, through entry into the Milestone Payment
Agreement, whereby the Company has agreed to issue shares of our Common Stock, at the price of $1.60 per share, for an aggregate
number of 562,500 shares, as part of our first installation of payment pursuant to the Milestone Payment. The shares issuance
was completed in June 2016.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">On
August 26, 2016, the Company issued 1,468,750 shares (&ldquo;Shares&rdquo;) of the Company&rsquo;s Common Stock, par value $0.001
(the &ldquo;Offering&rdquo;) to BioLite, Inc., a non-U.S. accredited investor (the &ldquo;Purchaser&rdquo;) pursuant to a certain
Stock Purchase Agreement dated August 26, 2016 (the &ldquo;SPA&rdquo;). The Shares are exempt from the registration requirements
of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended (the &ldquo;Securities Act&rdquo;), pursuant to Regulation&nbsp;S of the Securities
Act promulgated thereunder. The purchase price per share of the Offering is $1.60. The net proceeds to the Company from the Offering
are approximately $2,350,000. The proceeds may be used for general corporate purposes.&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Pursuant
to the BioLite Collaborative Agreement (See Note 4), BriVision should pay a total of $100,000,000 in cash or stock of the Company
with equivalent value according to the milestone achieved. The agreement requires that 6.5% of total payment, $6,500,000 shall
be made upon the first IND submission which was submitted in March 2016. In February 2017, the Company remitted this amount to
BioLite with $650,000 in cash and $5,850,000 in the form of newly issued shares of our Common Stock, at the price of $2.0 per
share, for an aggregate number of 2,925,000 shares.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">On
October 1, 2016, the Company entered into a consulting agreement with Kazunori Kameyama (&ldquo;Kameyama&rdquo;) for the provision
of services related to the clinical trials and other administrative work, public relation work, capital raising, trip coordination,
In consideration for providing such services, the Company agreed to indemnify the consultant in an amount of $150 per hour in
cash up to $3,000 per month, and issue to Kameyama the Company&rsquo;s Common Stock at $1.00 per share for any amount exceeding
$3,000. The Company&rsquo;s stocks shall be calculated and issued in December every year. On October 1, 2017, the Company and
Kameyama agreed to extend the service period for one more year expiring on September 30, 2018. As a result, the non-employee stock-based
compensation related to this consulting agreement was $28,800 and $5,400 for the years ended December 31, 2018 and 2017, respectively.
On March 28, 2018, the Company issued 4,828 shares of the Company&rsquo;s common stock at $1.60 per share in a total of $7,725
to Kameyama in connection with this consulting agreement.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">On
January 1, 2017, Euro-Asia Investment &amp; Finance Corp Ltd. and the Company entered into a service agreement (the &ldquo;Euro-Asia
Agreement&rdquo;) for the maintenance of the listing in the U.S. stock exchange market. During the years ended December 31, 2018
and 2017, the Company recognized non-employee stock based compensation expenses of $0 and $60,000 in connection with the terms
in the Euro-Asia Agreement, respectively. On March 28, 2018, the Company issued 50,000 shares of the Company&rsquo;s common stock
at $1.60 per share in a total of $80,000 to Euro-Asia in connection with the Euro-Asia Agreement.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0; text-align: center; margin-bottom: 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">On
January 1, 2017, Kimho Consultants Co., Ltd. and the Company entered into a service agreement (the &ldquo;Kimho Agreement&rdquo;)
for the maintenance of the listing in the U.S. stock exchange market. During the years ended December 31, 2018 and 2017, the Company
recognized non-employee stock based compensation expenses of $0 and $90,000 in connection with the terms in the Kimho Agreement,
respectively. On March 28, 2018, the Company issued 75,000 shares of the Company&rsquo;s common stock at $1.60 per share in a
total of $120,000 to Kimho in connection with the Kimho Agreement.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Pursuant
to ASC 505-50-30, the transactions with the non-employees were measured based on the fair value of the equity instruments issued
as the Company determined that the fair value of the equity instruments issued in a stock-based payment transaction with nonemployees
was more reliably measurable than the fair value of the consideration received. The Company measured the fair value of the equity
instruments in these transactions using the stock price on the date at which the commitments Kameyama, Euro-Asia, and Kimho for
performance were rendered.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">On
March 28, 2018, the Company also issued an aggregate of 50,000 shares of the Company&rsquo;s common stock at $1.60 per share for
salaries in a total of $80,000 to three officers.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"></P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>10.
INCOME TAX</B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>&nbsp;</B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
Company files income tax returns in the U.S. federal jurisdiction, and various state and local jurisdictions. The Company is no
longer subject to U.S. federal, state and local income tax examinations by tax authorities for years before 2013.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">On
December 22, 2017 H.R. 1, originally known as the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act, (the &ldquo;Tax Act&rdquo;) was enacted. Among the significant
changes to the U.S. Internal Revenue Code, the Tax Act lowers the U.S. federal corporate income tax rate (&ldquo;Federal Tax Rate&rdquo;)
from 35% to 21% effective January 1, 2018. The 21% Federal Tax Rate will apply to earnings reported for the full 2018 fiscal year.
In addition, the Company must re-measure its net deferred tax assets and liabilities using the Federal Tax Rate that will apply
when these amounts are expected to reverse. As of December 31, 2017, the Company can determine a reasonable estimate for certain
effects of tax reform and recorded that estimate as a provisional amount. The provisional remeasurement of the deferred tax assets
and allowance valuation of deferred tax assets at December 31, 2017 resulted in a net effect of $0 discrete tax expenses (benefit)
which lowered the effective tax rate by 14% for the year ended December 31, 2017. The provisional remeasurement amount is anticipated
to change as data becomes available allowing more accurate scheduling of the deferred tax assets and liabilities primarily related
to net operating loss carryover.&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Components
of income tax (benefits) for the twelve months ended December 31, 2018 and 2017 are as follows:</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="10" STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid">Year
    ended&nbsp;<BR> December 31, 2018</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="10" STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid">Year
    ended&nbsp;<BR> December 31, 2017</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid">Federal</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid">State</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid">Total</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid">Federal</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid">State</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid">Total</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="width: 28%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Current</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">$</TD><TD STYLE="width: 9%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;-</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">$</TD><TD STYLE="width: 9%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">1,850</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">$</TD><TD STYLE="width: 9%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">1,850</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">$</TD><TD STYLE="width: 9%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;-</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">$</TD><TD STYLE="width: 9%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">830</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">$</TD><TD STYLE="width: 9%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">830</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">Deferred</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">-</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">-</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">-</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">-</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">-</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">-</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 4pt">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 4pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">$</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">-</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 4pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 4pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">$</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">1,850</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 4pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 4pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">$</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">1,850</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 4pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 4pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">$</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">-</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 4pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 4pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">$</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">830</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 4pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 4pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">$</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">830</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 4pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
</TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Significant
components of the Company&rsquo;s deferred tax accounts at December 31, 2018 and September 30, 2017:</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid">December
    31,<BR> 2018</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid">December
    31,<BR> 2017</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">Deferred Tax Account - noncurrent:</TD><TD STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="width: 76%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; padding-left: 0.125in">Tax losses carryforwards</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">$</TD><TD STYLE="width: 9%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">913,954</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">$</TD><TD STYLE="width: 9%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">594,501</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; padding-left: 0.25in">Less: Valuation allowance</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">(913,954</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">)</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">(594,501</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">)</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; padding-bottom: 4pt; padding-left: 0.375in">Total deferred tax account
    - noncurrent</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 4pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">$</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">-</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 4pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 4pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">$</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">-</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 4pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
</TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
difference between the effective rate reflected in the provision for income taxes on loss before taxes and the amounts determined
by applying the applicable statutory U.S. tax rate are analyzed below:</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="6" STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid">Years
    ended&nbsp;<BR> December 31,</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid">2018</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid">2017</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="width: 76%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify">Statutory federal tax benefit, net
    of state tax effects</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="width: 9%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">19</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">%</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="width: 9%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">31</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">%</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify">State income taxes</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">8.84</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">%</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">8.84</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">%</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify">Provisional remeasurement of deferred taxes</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">-</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">%</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">(13</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">)%</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify">Nondeductible/nontaxable items</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">(1</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">)%</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">(4</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">)%</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">Change in valuation allowance</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">(26.84</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">)%</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">(22.84</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">)%</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; padding-bottom: 4pt">Effective income tax rate</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 4pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">0</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 4pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">%</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 4pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">0</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 4pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">%</TD></TR>
</TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"></P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>11.
LOSS PER SHARE</B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Basic
loss per share is computed by dividing net loss by the weighted-average number of common shares outstanding during the year. Diluted
loss per share is computed by dividing net loss by the weighted-average number of common shares and dilutive potential common
shares outstanding during the years ended December 31, 2018 and 2017.&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="6" STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid">Years
    Ended<BR> December&nbsp;31,</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid">2018</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid">2017</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Numerator:</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="width: 76%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">Net loss</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">$</TD><TD STYLE="width: 9%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">(4,101,303</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">)</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">$</TD><TD STYLE="width: 9%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">(4,242,860</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">)</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Denominator:</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Weighted-average shares outstanding:</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; padding-bottom: 4pt">Weighted-average shares outstanding
    - Basic</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 4pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">213,884,105</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 4pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 4pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">213,321,921</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 4pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; padding-bottom: 4pt">Stock options</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 4pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">-</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 4pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 4pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">-</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 4pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; padding-bottom: 4pt">Weighted-average shares outstanding
    - Diluted</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 4pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">213,884,105</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 4pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 4pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">213,321,921</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 4pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Loss per share</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 4pt">-Basic</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 4pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">$</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">(0.02</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 4pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">)</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 4pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">$</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">(0.02</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 4pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">)</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 4pt">-Diluted</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 4pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">$</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">(0.02</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 4pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">)</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 4pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">$</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">(0.02</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 4pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">)</TD></TR>
</TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>&nbsp;</B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Diluted
loss per share takes into account the potential dilution that could occur if securities or other contracts to issue Common Stock
were exercised and converted into Common Stock.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>12.
COMMITMENTS AND CONTINGENCIES</B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Operating
Commitment</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
Company leased an office space in Taiwan under non-cancelable operating leases expired on June 30, 2018. As of December 31, 2018,
there was no future minimum lease payments under non-cancelable operating and capital leases.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Rental
expense was $7,497 and $49,245 for the years ended December 31, 2018 and 2017, respectively.&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"></P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>13.
PRO FORMA FINANCIAL STATEMENTS</B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>&nbsp;</B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">On
January 31, 2018, American BriVision (Holding) Corporation (&ldquo;ABVC&rdquo;, the &ldquo;Company&rdquo;) entered into an agreement
and plan of merger (the &ldquo;Merger Agreement&rdquo;) with BioLite Holding, Inc. (&ldquo;BioLite&rdquo;), a Nevada corporation,
BioKey, Inc. (&ldquo;BioKey&rdquo;), a California corporation, BioLite Acquisition Corp. (&ldquo;Merger Sub 1&rdquo;), a Nevada
corporation and wholly-owned subsidiary of the Company, and BioKey Acquisition Corp. (&ldquo;Merger Sub 2&rdquo;), a California
corporation and wholly-owned subsidiary of the Company.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Pursuant
to the Merger Agreement, on or before the Closing of the Merger, each issued and outstanding share of BioLite shall be converted
into the right to receive one point eighty-two (1.82) validly issued, fully-paid and non-assessable shares of the Company and
all shares of BioLite shall be cancelled and cease to exist. Also on or before the Closing of the Merger, each issued and outstanding
share of BioKey shall be converted into the right to receive one (1) validly issued, fully-paid and non-assessable share of the
Company and all shares of BioKey shall be cancelled and cease to exist. Simultaneously upon Closing, BioLite and Merger Sub 1
shall merge together with Merger Sub 1&rsquo;s articles of incorporation and bylaws as the surviving corporation&rsquo;s (the
&ldquo;BioLite Surviving Corporation&rdquo;) articles of incorporation and bylaws and all shares of Merger Sub 1 shall be converted
into one share of Common Stock of the BioLite Surviving Corporation, which shall remain a wholly-owned subsidiary of the Company.
In addition, upon Closing, BioKey and Merger Sub 2 shall merge together with Merger Sub 2&rsquo;s articles of incorporation and
bylaws as the surviving corporation&rsquo;s (the &ldquo;BioKey Surviving Corporation&rsquo;s&rdquo;) articles of incorporation
and bylaws and all shares of Merger Sub 2 shall be converted into one share of Common Stock of the BioKey Surviving Corporation,
which shall remain a wholly-owned subsidiary of the Company.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
following unaudited pro forma condensed consolidated combined financial statements reflect the combination of the historical consolidated
results of ABVC and its subsidiaries, BioLite, and BioKey on a pro forma basis to give effect to the Merger Agreement.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
unaudited pro forma condensed consolidated combined balance sheet of the combined company is based on (i)&nbsp;the audited historical
consolidated balance sheet of ABVC as of December&nbsp;31, 2018, (ii)&nbsp;the audited historical balance sheet of BioLite as
of December&nbsp;31, 2018, and the (iii) the audited historical balance sheet of BioKey as of December 31, 2018, and includes
pro forma adjustments as of the Merger had occurred on December&nbsp;31, 2018.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
unaudited pro forma condensed consolidated combined statement of operations of the combined company are based on&nbsp;the following
details, and includes pro forma adjustments as of the Merger had occurred on January 1, 2018.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in; background-color: white"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<TABLE CELLSPACING="0" CELLPADDING="0" STYLE="width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="width: 24px; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 24px; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(i)</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">the
    unaudited historical consolidated statement of operations of ABVC for the year ended December 31, 2018.</FONT></TD></TR>

<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="width: 24px; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 24px; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(ii)</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">the
    audited historical statement of operations of BioLite for the year ended December 31, 2018.</FONT></TD></TR>

<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="width: 24px; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 24px; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(iii)</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">the
    audited historical statement of operations of BioKey for the year ended December 31, 2018.</FONT></TD></TR>
</TABLE>
<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
unaudited pro forma data presented herein reflects events that are directly attributable to the described transactions, factually
supportable, and as it relates to the unaudited pro forma condensed consolidated combined statement of operations, expected to
have a continuing impact. The unaudited pro forma data presented herein also reflects certain assumptions which management believes
are reasonable. Such pro forma data is not necessarily indicative of financial results that would have been attained had the described
transactions occurred on the dates indicated above, or the results of the combined company that may be achieved in the future.
The adjustments are based on currently available information and certain estimates and assumptions. Therefore, the actual results
may differ from the pro forma results indicated herein. However, management believes that the assumptions provide a reasonable
basis for presenting the significant effects of the transactions as contemplated and that the pro forma adjustments give appropriate
effect to those assumptions and are properly applied in the unaudited pro forma condensed consolidated combined financial statements.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
unaudited pro forma condensed consolidated combined financial statements are provided for illustrative purposes only and are not
intended to represent or be indicative of the consolidated results of operations or consolidated financial position of the combined
company that would have been recorded had the Merger been completed as of the dates presented, and they should not be taken as
representative of the expected future results of operations or financial position of the combined company. The unaudited pro forma
condensed consolidated combined financial statements do not reflect the impacts of any potential operational efficiencies, asset
dispositions, cost savings or economies of scale that the combined company may achieve with respect to the operations of the combined
company. Additionally, the unaudited pro forma condensed consolidated combined statement of operations does not include&nbsp;non-recurring&nbsp;charges
or credits, and the related tax effects, which result directly from the Merger.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>


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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>&nbsp;</B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: center; background-color: white"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>UNAUDITED
PRO FORMA CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED COMBINED BALANCE SHEET</B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: center; background-color: white"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>AS
OF DECEMBER 31, 2018</B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; background-color: white"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 7pt"><B>&nbsp;</B></FONT></P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-left: 10pt; text-indent: -10pt">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center">Pro Forma</TD><TD STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center">Pro Forma</TD><TD STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; padding-left: 10pt; text-indent: -10pt">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid">ABVC</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid">BioKey</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid">BioLite</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid">Adjustment</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid">Note</TD><TD STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid">Combined</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom">
    <TD STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-left: 10pt; text-indent: -10pt">ASSETS</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-left: 10pt; text-indent: -10pt">Current Assets</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="width: 33%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; padding-left: 10pt; text-indent: -10pt">Cash
    and cash equivalents</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">$</TD><TD STYLE="width: 9%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">40,044</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">$</TD><TD STYLE="width: 9%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">636,666</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">$</TD><TD STYLE="width: 9%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">186,644</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="width: 9%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">-</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 6%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">$</TD><TD STYLE="width: 9%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">863,354</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; padding-left: 10pt; text-indent: -10pt">Restricted
    cash and cash equivalents</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">16,093</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">-</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">-</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">-</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">16,093</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; padding-left: 10pt; text-indent: -10pt">Accounts
    receivable, net</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">-</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">43,204</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">-</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">-</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">43,204</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; padding-left: 10pt; text-indent: -10pt">Accounts
    receivable - related parties, net</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">-</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">147,848</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">-</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">-</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">147,848</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; padding-left: 10pt; text-indent: -10pt">Other receivable</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">-</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">-</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">39,005</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">-</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">39,005</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; padding-left: 10pt; text-indent: -10pt">Due from
    related parties</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">40,000</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">-</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">79,287</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">(59,810</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">)</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center">{f}</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">59,477</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-left: 10pt; text-indent: -10pt">Inventory</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">-</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">-</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">1,318</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">-</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">1,318</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; padding-left: 10pt; text-indent: -10pt">Prepaid
    expense and other current assets</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">136</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">-</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">223,759</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">-</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">223,895</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; padding-left: 0.375in; text-indent: -10pt">Total
    Current Assets</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">96,273</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">827,718</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">530,013</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">(59,810</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">)</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">1,394,194</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; padding-left: 10pt; text-indent: -10pt">Property
    and equipment, net</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">-</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">58,150</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">510,066</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">568,216</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; padding-left: 10pt; text-indent: -10pt">Goodwill,
    net</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">-</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">-</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">-</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">43,531,445</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center">{e}</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">43,531,445</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; padding-left: 10pt; text-indent: -10pt">Long-term
    investments</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">-</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">-</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">3,488,169</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">3,448,169</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; padding-left: 10pt; text-indent: -10pt">Deferred
    tax assets</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">-</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">-</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">1,347,995</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">1,347,995</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; padding-left: 10pt; text-indent: -10pt">Security
    Deposits</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">-</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">10,440</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">27,418</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">37,858</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; padding-bottom: 4pt; padding-left: 10pt; text-indent: -10pt">Total
    Assets</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 4pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">$</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">96,273</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 4pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 4pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">$</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">896,308</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 4pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 4pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">$</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">5,903,661</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 4pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 4pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">$</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">43,471,635</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 4pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 4pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; padding-bottom: 4pt">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 4pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">$</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">50,367,877</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 4pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; padding-left: 10pt; text-indent: -10pt">LIABILITIES
    AND EQUITY</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; padding-left: 10pt; text-indent: -10pt">Current
    Liabilities</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; padding-left: 0.25in; text-indent: -10pt">Short-term
    bank loan</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">-</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">-</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">899,250</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">-</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">899,250</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; padding-left: 0.25in; text-indent: -10pt">Long-term
    bank loan - current portion</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">-</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">-</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">39,835</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">-</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">39,835</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; padding-left: 0.25in; text-indent: -10pt">Notes payable</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">-</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">-</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">510,447</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">-</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">510,447</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; padding-left: 0.25in; text-indent: -10pt">Accrued
    expenses and other current liabilities</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">555,449</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">83,026</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">687,709</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">-</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">1,326,184</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; padding-left: 0.25in; text-indent: -10pt">Due to related
    parties</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">4,462,775</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">-</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">3,341,005</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">(58,684</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">)</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center">{f}</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">7,745,096</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; padding-left: 0.25in; text-indent: -10pt">Convertible
    notes payable, current portion</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">300,000</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">-</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">-</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">300,000</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; padding-left: 0.25in; text-indent: -10pt">Convertible
    notes payable - related parties, current portion</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">250,000</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">-</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">-</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">250,000</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; padding-left: 0.375in; text-indent: -10pt">Total
    Current Liabilities</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">5,568,224</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">83,026</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">5,478,246</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">(58,684</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">)</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">11,070,812</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; padding-left: 10pt; text-indent: -10pt">Long-term
    bank loan</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">-</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">-</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">15,257</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">-</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">15,257</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; padding-left: 10pt; text-indent: -10pt">Tenant security
    deposit</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">-</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">2,880</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">-</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">-</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">2,880</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; padding-left: 10pt; text-indent: -10pt">Convertible
    notes payable</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">-</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">-</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">-</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">-</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">-</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; padding-left: 10pt; text-indent: -10pt">Convertible
    notes payable - related parties</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">250,000</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">-</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">-</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">-</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">250,000</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; padding-left: 10pt; text-indent: -10pt">Accrued
    interest</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">27,467</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">-</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">-</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">-</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">27,467</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-left: 10pt; text-indent: -10pt">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; padding-left: 0.5in; text-indent: -10pt">Total
    Liabilities</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">5,845,691</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">85,906</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">5,493,503</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">(58,684</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">)</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">11,366,416</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-left: 10pt; text-indent: -10pt">Equity</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; padding-left: 10pt; text-indent: -10pt">Preferred
    stock</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">-</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">18,633,097</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">-</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">(18,633,097</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">)</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center">{c}</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">-</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; padding-left: 10pt; text-indent: -10pt">Common stock</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">213,927</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">774,293</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">4,121</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">(4,121</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">)</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center">{a}</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">318,486</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-left: 10pt; text-indent: -10pt">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">74,998</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center">{a}</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-left: 10pt; text-indent: -10pt">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">(771,793</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">)</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center">{b}</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-left: 10pt; text-indent: -10pt">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">7,428</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center">{b}</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-left: 10pt; text-indent: -10pt">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">22,133</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center">{c}</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; padding-left: 10pt; text-indent: -10pt">Additional
    paid-in capital</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">13,914,556</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">82,265</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">10,862,995</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">(70,877</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">)</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center">{a}</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">59,018,959</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-left: 10pt; text-indent: -10pt">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">(82,265</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">)</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center">{e}</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-left: 10pt; text-indent: -10pt">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">44,312,285</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center">{e}</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-left: 10pt; text-indent: -10pt">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">(10,000,000</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">)</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center">{g}</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; padding-left: 10pt; text-indent: -10pt">Stock subscription
    receivable</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">-</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">(1,667</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">)</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">-</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">1,667</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center">{e}</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">-</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; padding-left: 10pt; text-indent: -10pt">Accumulated
    deficit</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">(19,877,901</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">)</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">(18,677,586</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">)</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">(11,445,109</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">)</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">18,677,586</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center">{e}</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">(12,209,446</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">)</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-left: 10pt; text-indent: -10pt">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">6,817,848</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center">{g}</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-left: 10pt; text-indent: -10pt">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">2,295,716</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center">{h}</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-left: 10pt; text-indent: -10pt">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">10,000,000</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center">{g}</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; padding-left: 10pt; text-indent: -10pt">Other comprehensive
    income</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">-</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">-</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">670,541</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">(14,689</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">)</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center">{g,h}</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">655,852</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; padding-left: 10pt; text-indent: -10pt">Treasury
    stock</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">-</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">-</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">-</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">(6,750,000</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">)</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center">{g}</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">(9,100,000</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">)</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; padding-left: 10pt; text-indent: -10pt">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">(2,350,000</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">)</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">{h}</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; padding-left: 0.375in; text-indent: -10pt">Total
    Stockholders&rsquo; deficit</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">(5,749,418</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">)</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">810,402</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">92,548</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">43,530,319</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">38,683,851</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; padding-left: 10pt; text-indent: -10pt">Noncontrolling
    interest</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">-</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">-</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">317,610</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">-</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">317,610</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; padding-left: 0.5in; text-indent: -10pt">Total
    Equity</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">(5,749,418</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">)</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">810,402</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">410,158</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">43,530,319</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">39,001,461</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; padding-bottom: 4pt; padding-left: 10pt; text-indent: -10pt">Total
    Liabilities and Equity</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 4pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">$</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">96,273</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 4pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 4pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">$</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">896,308</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 4pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 4pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">$</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">5,903,661</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 4pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 4pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">$</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">43,471,635</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 4pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 4pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; padding-bottom: 4pt">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 4pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">50,367,877</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 4pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
</TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: center; background-color: white"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>


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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>&nbsp;</B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: center; background-color: white"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>UNAUDITED
PRO FORMA CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS</B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: center; background-color: white"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>FOR
THE YEAR ENDED DECEMBER 31, 2018</B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: center; background-color: white"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center">Pro Forma</TD><TD STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center">Pro Forma</TD><TD STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid">ABVC</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid">BioKey</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid">BioLite</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid">Adjustment</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid">Note</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid">Combined</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="width: 28%; font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Revenues</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">$</TD><TD STYLE="width: 9%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">-</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">$</TD><TD STYLE="width: 9%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">510,197</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">$</TD><TD STYLE="width: 9%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">6,956</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="width: 9%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="width: 9%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">$</TD><TD STYLE="width: 9%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">517,153</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">Cost of revenues</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">-</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">4,809</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">185,280</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">190,089</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">Gross profit</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">-</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">505,388</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">(178,324</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">)</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">327,064</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">Operating expenses</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; padding-left: 0.25in; text-indent: -10pt">Selling, general and administrative
    expenses</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">695,148</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">669,322</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">893,570</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">2,258,040</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; padding-left: 9pt">Research and development expenses</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">669,668</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">430,917</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">319,053</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">1,419,638</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; padding-left: 9pt">Stock
    based compensation</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">28,800</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">-</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">-</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">28,800</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; padding-left: 0.25in">Total
    operating expenses</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">1,393,616</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">1,100,239</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">1,212,623</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">3,706,478</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">Loss from operations</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">(1,393,616</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">)</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">(594,851</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">)</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">(1,390,947</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">)</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">(3,379,414</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">)</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">Other income (expense)</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; padding-left: 9pt">Interest income</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">93</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">4,598</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">5,119</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">9,810</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; padding-left: 9pt">Interest expense</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">(155,930</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">)</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">-</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">(306,821</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">)</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">(462,751</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">)</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; padding-left: 9pt">Rental income</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">-</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">-</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">11,924</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">11,924</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; padding-left: 9pt">Impairment loss</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">-</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">-</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">(63,663</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">)</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">(63,663</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">)</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; padding-left: 9pt">Investment loss</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">(549</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">)</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">-</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">(395,476</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">)</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">(396,025</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">)</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; padding-left: 9pt">Gain/Loss on foreign exchange&nbsp;changes</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">-</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">-</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">7,307</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">7,307</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; padding-left: 0.25in; text-indent: -0.125in">Gain/Loss on investment in equity
    securities</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">(2,549,451</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">)</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">-</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">(192,463</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">)</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">(2,741,914</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">)</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; padding-left: 9pt">Other
    income (expense)</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">-</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">630</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">(5,154</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">)</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">(4,524</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">)</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; padding-left: 0.25in">Total
    other income (expenses)</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">(2,705,837</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">)</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">5,228</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">(939,227</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">)</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">(3,639,836</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">)</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">Loss before provision for income tax</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">(4,099,453</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">)</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">(589,623</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">)</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">(2,330,174</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">)</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">(7,019,250</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">)</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">Provision for income tax
    (benefit)</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">1,850</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">800</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">(366,947</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">)</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">(364,297</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">)</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">Net loss</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">(4,101,303</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">)</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">(590,423</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">)</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">(1,963,227</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">)</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">(6,654,953</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">)</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; padding-left: 0.125in; text-indent: -0.125in">Net loss attributable to noncontrolling interests</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">-</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">-</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">489,151</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">489,151</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; padding-left: 0.125in; text-indent: -0.125in">Net loss attributable to ABVC and subsidiaries</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">(4,101,303</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">)</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">(590,423</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">)</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">(1,474,067</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">)</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">(7,144,104</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">)</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-indent: -0.125in; padding-left: 0.125in">Foreign currency translation
    adjustment</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">-</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">-</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">86,786</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">86,786</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; padding-bottom: 4pt">Comprehensive Income (Loss)</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 4pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">$</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">(4,101,303</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 4pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">)</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 4pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">$</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">(590,423</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 4pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">)</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 4pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">$</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">(1,560,862</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 4pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">)</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 4pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 4pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 4pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 4pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 4pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 4pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 4pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 4pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 4pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">$</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">(7,230,890</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 4pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">)</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; padding-left: 0.125in; text-indent: -0.125in">Net loss per share attributable to common stockholders</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; padding-bottom: 4pt; padding-left: 9pt">Basic and
    diluted</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 4pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">$</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">(0.02</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 4pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">)</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 4pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 4pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 4pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 4pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 4pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 4pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 4pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 4pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 4pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 4pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 4pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 4pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 4pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">$</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">(0.03</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 4pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">)</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-left: 0.125in; text-indent: -0.125in">Weighted average number of common shares outstanding</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; padding-bottom: 4pt; padding-left: 9pt">Basic and
    diluted</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 4pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">213,884,105</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 4pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 4pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 4pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 4pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 4pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 4pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 4pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 4pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 4pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 4pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 4pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 4pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 4pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 4pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">214,156,988</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 4pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
</TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: center"></P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>&nbsp;</B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; background-color: white"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt; background-color: white"><I>Notes
to the Unaudited Pro Forma Condensed Consolidated Combined Financial Statements</I></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; background-color: white"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; background-color: white"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>1.
Basis of Presentation</B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 24.5pt; background-color: white"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
unaudited pro forma condensed consolidated combined balance sheet as of December 31, 2018 is based on the audited consolidated
balance sheet of ABVC, the audited consolidated balance sheet of BioLite, and the audited balance sheet of BioKey as if the Merger
had occurred on December 31, 2018.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in; background-color: white"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
unaudited pro forma condensed consolidated combined statement of operations for the year ended December 31, 2018 is based on the
audited consolidated statement of operations of ABVC for the year ended December 31, 2018, the audited consolidated statement
of operations of BioLite for the year ended December 31, 2018, and the audited statement of operations of BioKey for the year
ended December 31, 2018, as if the Merger had occurred on January 1, 2018.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 24.5pt; background-color: white"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">BioLite
and the Company are related parties because the two companies are under common control by Dr. Tsung-Shann Jiang.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-indent: 24.5pt; background-color: white"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; background-color: white"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>2.
Pro Forma Adjustments</B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; background-color: white"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>&nbsp;</B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
following adjustments were made in the preparation of the audited pro forma condensed consolidated combined balance sheet and
unaudited pro forma condensed consolidated combined statements of operations:</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in; background-color: white"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<TABLE CELLSPACING="0" CELLPADDING="0" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%">
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">

    <TD STYLE="width: 24px; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">{a}</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Reconciliation
    of ABVC common stock to be issued to BioLite shareholders:</FONT></TD></TR>
</TABLE>
<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="width: 88%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; text-indent: -9pt; padding-left: 9pt">BioLite
    Outstanding shares as of December 31, 2018</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="width: 9%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">41,207,444</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; text-indent: -9pt; padding-left: 9pt">Exchange of
    each BioLite share of common stock outstanding as of December 31, 2018, for 1.82 shares of ABVC common stock</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">1.82</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; text-indent: -9pt; padding-left: 9pt">ABVC common
    stock to be issued to BioLite as a result of the Merger</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">74,997,548</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; text-indent: -9pt; padding-left: 9pt">Par value
    $0.001 per share of ABVC</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">$</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">74,998</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
</TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; background-color: white"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<TABLE CELLSPACING="0" CELLPADDING="0" STYLE="width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">

    <TD STYLE="width: 24px; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">{b}</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">ABVC
    common stock to be issued to BioKey shareholders in exchange of BioKey&rsquo;s common stock outstanding:</FONT></TD></TR>
</TABLE>
<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="width: 88%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; text-indent: -9pt; padding-left: 9pt">BioKey
    Outstanding shares as of December 31, 2018</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="width: 9%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">7,428,134</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">Exchange of each BioKey share of common stock outstanding
    as of December 31, 2018, for one share of ABVC common stock</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">1</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; text-indent: -9pt; padding-left: 9pt">ABVC common
    stock to be issued to BioKey as a result of the Merger</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">7,428,134</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; text-indent: -9pt; padding-left: 9pt">Par value
    $0.001 per share of ABVC</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">$</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">7,428</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
</TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<TABLE CELLSPACING="0" CELLPADDING="0" STYLE="width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">

    <TD STYLE="width: 24px; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">{c}</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">ABVC
    common stock to be issued to BioKey shareholders in exchange of BioKey&rsquo;s preferred stock outstanding:</FONT></TD></TR>
</TABLE>
<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<TABLE CELLSPACING="0" CELLPADDING="0" STYLE="width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-collapse: collapse">
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">BioKey
    Outstanding shares as of December 31, 2018</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="width: 88%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; padding-left: 0.125in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">7,000,000
    shares of Series A</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 9%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">7,000,000</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: white; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; padding-left: 0.125in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">1,160,000
    shares of Series B</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">1,160,000</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; padding-left: 0.125in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">13,973,097
    shares of Series C</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">13,973,097</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: white; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">BioKey&rsquo;s
    total shares of preferred stock outstanding as of December 31, 2018</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">22,133,097</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-left: 10pt; text-indent: -10pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Exchange
    of each BioKey share of preferred stock outstanding as of December 31, 2018, for one share of ABVC common stock</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">1</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: white; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">ABVC
    common stock to be issued to BioKey as a result of the Merger</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">22,133,097</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Par
    value $0.001 per share of ABVC</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">$</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">22,133</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD></TR>
</TABLE>
<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; background-color: white"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; background-color: white"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<TABLE CELLSPACING="0" CELLPADDING="0" STYLE="width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">

    <TD STYLE="width: 24px; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">{d}</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Common
    stock outstanding as of December 31, 2018 following the Merger:</FONT></TD></TR>
</TABLE>
<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="width: 88%; text-align: justify">ABVC common stock issued as of December 31, 2018</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 1%; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="width: 9%; text-align: right">213,926,475</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: justify">ABVC common stock held by BioLite pursuant to the BioLite Collaborative Agreement (see Note {g})</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right">(3,487,500</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">)</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: justify">ABVC common stock held by BioLite for cash issuance (see Note {h})</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right">(1,468,750</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">)</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: justify">ABVC common stock to be issued to BioLite as a result of the Merger</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right">74,997,548</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: justify; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">ABVC common stock to be issued to BioKey as a result of the Merger</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right">29,561,231</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: justify; padding-bottom: 4pt; padding-left: 9pt">Total common stock of the combined company outstanding following the Merger</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 4pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; text-align: right">313,529,004</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 4pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
</TABLE>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; background-color: white"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<TABLE CELLSPACING="0" CELLPADDING="0" STYLE="width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">

    <TD STYLE="width: 24px; padding-bottom: 8pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">{e}</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 8pt; text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Unless
    otherwise noted, adjustments to reflect the elimination of BioKey&rsquo;s total equity, the estimated value of consideration
    to be paid in the Merger and to adjust, where required, the historical book values of BioKey&rsquo;s assets and liabilities
    as of December 31, 2018 to the preliminary estimated fair value, in accordance with the acquisition method of accounting.
    The preliminary valuations were determined as of and, where applicable, are based on the bid-and-ask share price of ABVC common
    stock on the final day of trading, February 5, 2019. The fair value of the consideration given and assets and liabilities
    acquired will be determined based on the underlying fair values as of the February 5, 2019.</FONT></TD></TR>
</TABLE>
<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Purchase consideration:</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="width: 88%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; padding-left: 9pt">Common stock (1)</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">$</TD><TD STYLE="width: 9%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">44,341,847</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">Estimated Fair Value of Assets Acquired:</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; padding-left: 9pt">Cash and cash equivalents</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">$</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">636,666</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; padding-left: 9pt">Accounts receivable</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">43,204</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; padding-left: 9pt">Accounts receivable - related
    parties</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">147,848</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; padding-left: 9pt">Property and equipment</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">58,150</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; padding-left: 9pt">Security
    deposits</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">10,440</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; padding-left: 0.25in">Total
    assets acquired</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">$</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">896,308</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">Estimated Fair Value of Liabilities Assumed:</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; padding-left: 9pt">Due to shareholders</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">$</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; padding-left: 9pt">Accrued expenses and other current
    liabilities</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">83,026</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; padding-left: 9pt">Tenant
    security deposit</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">2,880</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; padding-left: 0.25in">Total
    liabilities assumed</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">$</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">85,906</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; padding-left: 0.25in">Total
    net assets acquired</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">$</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">810,402</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; padding-bottom: 4pt; padding-left: 0.25in">Goodwill
    as a result of the Merger</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 4pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">$</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">43,531,445</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 4pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
</TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<TABLE CELLSPACING="0" CELLPADDING="0" STYLE="width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">

    <TD STYLE="width: 24px; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(1)</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">29,561,231
    shares of ABVC common stock to be issued to BioKey in connection with the Merger. Those shares were valued at $1.50 per share,
    the closing share price of ABVC on February 5, 2019.</FONT></TD></TR>
</TABLE>
<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<TABLE CELLSPACING="0" CELLPADDING="0" STYLE="width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">

    <TD STYLE="width: 24px; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">{f}</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">As
    of December 31, 2018, BioLite had $59,810 due from ABVC; and ABVC had $58,684 due to BioLite. The difference was mainly due
    to the translation adjustment, which would be reflected in accumulated other comprehensive income in equity section.</FONT></TD></TR>
</TABLE>
<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<TABLE CELLSPACING="0" CELLPADDING="0" STYLE="width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">

    <TD STYLE="width: 24px; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">{g}</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B><U>Collaborative
    agreement with BioLite Inc., a related party</U></B></FONT></TD></TR>
</TABLE>
<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 0 0.25in; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">On
December 29, 2015, American BriVision Corporation (&ldquo;BriVision&rdquo;) entered into a collaborative agreement (the &ldquo;BioLite
Collaborative Agreement&rdquo;) with BioLite, a related party, pursuant to which BioLite granted BriVision sole licensing rights
for drug and therapeutic use of five products, including BLI-1005 CNS-Major Depressive Disorder, BLI-1008 CNS-Attention Deficit
Hyperactivity Disorder, BLI-1401-1 Anti-Tumor Combination Therapy-Solid Tumor with Anti-PD-1, BLI-1401-2 Anti-Tumor Combination
Therapy-Triple Negative Breast Cancer, and BLI-1501 Hematology-Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia, in the U.S.A and Canada. Under the
BioLite Collaborative Agreement, BriVision should pay a total of $100,000,000 in cash or stock of BriVision with equivalent value,
according to the following schedule:</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<TABLE CELLSPACING="0" CELLPADDING="0" STYLE="width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="width: 24px; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 24px; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#9679;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">upfront
    payment shall upon the signing of this BioLite Collaborative Agreement: 3.5% of total payment. After receiving upfront payment
    from BriVision, BioLite has to deliver all data to BriVision in one week.</FONT></TD></TR>

<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#9679;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">upon
    the first IND submission, BriVision shall pay, but no later than December 15, 2016: 6.5% of total payment. After receiving
    second payment from BriVision, BioLite has to deliver IND package to BriVision in one week.</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#9679;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">at
    the completion of first phase II clinical trial, BriVision shall pay: 15% of total payment.
    After receiving third payment from BriVision, BioLite has to deliver phase II clinical study report to BriVision in three
    months.</FONT></TD></TR>
</TABLE>

<P STYLE="margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="margin: 0"></P>

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<P STYLE="margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLSPACING="0" CELLPADDING="0" STYLE="width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
<TR STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; width: 24px"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; width: 24px"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#9679;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">upon
    the phase III IND submission, BriVision shall pay: 20% of total payment. After receiving
    forth payment from BriVision, BioLite has to deliver IND package to BriVision in one week.</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#9679;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">at
    the completion of phase III, BriVision shall pay: 25% of total payment. After receiving
    fifth payment from BriVision, BioLite has to deliver phase III clinical study report to BriVision in three months.</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#9679;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">upon
    the NDA submission, BriVision shall pay BriVision shall pay: 30% of total payment. After
    receiving sixth payment from BriVision, BioLite has to deliver NDA package to BriVision in one week.&nbsp;</FONT></TD></TR>
</TABLE>
<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 0 0.25in; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">This
BioLite Collaborative Agreement shall, once signed by both Parties, remain in effect for fifteen years as of the first commercial
sales of the Product in the Territory and automatically renew for five more years unless either party gives the other party six
month written notice of termination prior to the expiration date of the term.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 0 0.25in; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 0 0.25in; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Pursuant
to the BioLite Collaborative Agreement, an upfront payment of $3,500,000 (the &ldquo;Milestone Payment&rdquo;), which is 3.5%
of total payments due under the BioLite Collaborative Agreement, was to be paid by BriVision upon signing of that agreement. On
May 6, 2016, BriVision and BioLite agreed to amend the BioLite Collaborative Agreement, through entry into the Milestone Payment
Agreement, whereby BriVision agreed to pay the Milestone Payment to BioLite with $2,600,000 in cash and $900,000 in the form of
newly issued shares of its common stock, at the price of $1.60 per share, for an aggregate number of 562,500 shares. The cash
payment and shares issuance were completed in June 2016.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 0 0.25in; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 0 0.25in; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Pursuant
to the BioLite Collaborative Agreement, the 6.5% of total payment, $6,500,000 shall be made upon the first IND submission which
was submitted in March 2016. On February 2017, BriVision agreed to pay this amount to BioLite with $650,000 in cash and $5,850,000
in the form of newly issued shares of its common stock, at the price of $2.0 per share, for an aggregate number of 2,925,000 shares.
The cash payment and shares issuance were completed in February 2017.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 0 0.25in; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 0 0.25in; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Pursuant
to the BioLite Collaborative Agreement, the 15% of total payment, $15,000,000 shall be made at the completion of first phase II
clinical trial. As of December 31, 2018 and, 2017, the first phase II clinical trial research has not completed yet.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 0 0.25in; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 0 0.25in; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
aggregate common stock shares of American BriVision Corporation issued to BioLite pursuant to the BioLite Collaborative Agreement
was 3,487,500 shares, the value of which was $6,750,000. The unaudited pro forma adjustments were made as if the Merger occurred
on December 31, 2018. As such, these common stock shares of ABVC held by BioLite shall not be treated as outstanding shares, and
shall be reflected as treasury shares. The corresponding long-term investment of BioLite has been written off in full amount,
included in the accumulated deficit as of December 31, 2018. Such amount has been eliminated in the pro forma condensed balance
sheet. Investment loss recognized as a result of the write-off amounted to $4,313,725 for the year ended December 31, 2018. Such
amount has been eliminated in the pro forma condensed statement of operations.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 0 0.25in; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 0 0.25in; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">American
BriVision Corporation determined to fully expense the amount of $10,000,000 according to ASC 730-10-25-1. That amount was
fully expensed as research and development expense during the year ended December 31, 2016 and included in the accumulated
deficit of ABVC as of December 31, 2018. The aggregate amount of $10,000,000 was recorded and remained as additional paid-in
capital on BioLite as of December 31, 2018. Such amount has been eliminated in the pro forma condensed balance
sheet.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<TABLE CELLSPACING="0" CELLPADDING="0" STYLE="width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">

    <TD STYLE="width: 24px; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">{h}</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">On
    August 26, 2016, ABVC issued 1,468,750 shares of common stock, par value $0.001 to BioLite pursuant to a certain Stock Purchase
    Agreement dated August 26, 2016. The purchase price per share of the Offering is $1.60. The net proceeds to the Company from
    the Offering are approximately $2,350,000. The unaudited pro forma adjustments were made as if the Merger occurred on December
    31, 2018. As such, these common stock shares of ABVC held by BioLite shall be treated be treated as outstanding shares, and
    shall be reflected as treasury shares. The corresponding long-term investment of BioLite has been written off in full amount,
    included in the accumulated deficit as of December 31, 2018. Such amount has been eliminated in the pro forma condensed balance
    sheet.</FONT></TD></TR>
</TABLE>
<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"></P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>14.
SUBSEQUENT EVENTS</B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">On
January 21, 2019, the Company received a loan in the amount of $500,000 from Cathay Bank (the &ldquo;Bank&rdquo;) pursuant to
a business loan agreement (the &ldquo;Loan Agreement&rdquo;) entered by and between the Company and Bank on January 8, 2019 and
a promissory note (the &ldquo;Note&rdquo;) executed by the Company on the same day. The Loan Agreement provides for a revolving
line of credit in the principal amount of $1,000,000 with a maturity date (the &ldquo;Maturity Date&rdquo;) of January 1, 2020.
The Note executed in connection with the Loan Agreement bears an interest rate (the &ldquo;Regular Interest Rate&rdquo;) equal
to the sum of one percent (1%) and the prime rate as published in the Wall Street Journal (the &ldquo;Index&rdquo;) and the accrued
interest shall become payable each month from February 1, 2019. Pursuant to the Note, the Company shall pay the entire outstanding
principal plus accrued unpaid interest on the Maturity Date and may prepay portion or all of the Note before the Maturity Date
without penalty. If the Company defaults on the Note, the default interest rate shall become five percent (5%) plus the Regular
Interest Rate.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">In
connection with the Note and Loan Agreement, on January 8, 2019, each of Dr. Tsung Shann Jiang and Dr. George Lee, executed a
commercial guaranty (the &ldquo;Guaranty&rdquo;) to guaranty the loans for the Company pursuant to the Loan Agreement and Note,
severally and individually, in the amount not exceeding $500,000 each until the entire Note plus interest are fully paid and satisfied.
Dr. Tsung Shann Jiang is the Chairman and Chief Executive Officer of BioLite Holding, Inc. and Dr. George Lee serves as the Chairman
of the board of directors of BioKey, Inc, which became a wholly-owned subsidiaries of the Company effective by operation of law
on or about February 5, 2019.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">In
addition, on January 8, 2019, each of the Company and BriVision, a wholly-owned subsidiary of the Company, signed a commercial
security agreement (the &ldquo;Security Agreement&rdquo;) to secure the loans under the Loan Agreement and the Note. Pursuant
to the Security Agreements, each of the Company and BriVision (each, a &ldquo;Grantor&rdquo;, and collectively, the &ldquo;Grantors&rdquo;)
granted security interest in the collaterals as defined therein, comprised of almost all of the assets of each Grantor, to secure
such loans for the benefit of the Bank.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
Company has evaluated subsequent events through the date which the financial statements were available to be issued. All subsequent
events requiring recognition as of December 31, 2018 have been incorporated into these financial statements and there are no subsequent
events that require disclosure in accordance with FASB ASC Topic 855, &ldquo;Subsequent Events.&rdquo;&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">******</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>





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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>AMERICAN
BRIVISION (HOLDING) CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES</B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: center; background-color: white"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>CONSOLIDATED
BALANCE SHEETS</B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; background-color: white"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>&nbsp;</B></FONT></P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid">March&nbsp;31,<BR>
    2019</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid">December&nbsp;31,<BR>
    2018</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom">
    <TD STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center">(Unaudited)</TD><TD STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom">
    <TD STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">ASSETS</TD><TD STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Current Assets</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="width: 76%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; text-indent: -9pt; padding-left: 0.25in">Cash
    and cash equivalents</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">$</TD><TD STYLE="width: 9%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">981,341</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">$</TD><TD STYLE="width: 9%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">226,688</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; text-indent: -9pt; padding-left: 0.25in">Restricted
    cash and cash equivalents</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">16,093</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">16,093</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; text-indent: -9pt; padding-left: 0.25in">Accounts
    receivable, net</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">162,619</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">-</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; text-indent: -9pt; padding-left: 0.25in">Accounts
    receivable - related parties, net</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">142,265</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">-</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; text-indent: -9pt; padding-left: 0.25in">Other receivable</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">-</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">39,005</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; text-indent: -9pt; padding-left: 0.25in">Due from
    related parties</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">58,225</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">59,477</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-indent: -9pt; padding-left: 0.25in">Inventory</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">521</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">1,318</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-indent: -9pt; padding-left: 0.25in">Prepaid
    expense and other current assets</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">166,118</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">223,895</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-indent: -9pt; padding-left: 27pt">Total
    Current Assets</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">1,527,182</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">566,476</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-indent: -9pt; padding-left: 9pt">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; text-indent: -9pt; padding-left: 9pt">Property and
    equipment, net</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">547,520</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">510,066</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; text-indent: -9pt; padding-left: 9pt">Operating
    lease right-of-use assets</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">505,305</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">-</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; text-indent: -9pt; padding-left: 9pt">Goodwill,
    net</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">-</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">-</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; text-indent: -9pt; padding-left: 9pt">Long-term
    investments</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">3,407,763</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">3,488,169</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; text-indent: -9pt; padding-left: 9pt">Deferred tax
    assets</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">1,396,023</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">1,347,995</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; text-indent: -9pt; padding-left: 9pt">Prepaid expenses
    &ndash; noncurrent</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">33,004</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">-</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-indent: -9pt; padding-left: 9pt">Security
    deposits</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">33,394</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">27,418</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; padding-bottom: 4pt; text-indent: -9pt; padding-left: 0.5in">Total
    Assets</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 4pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">$</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">7,450,191</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 4pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 4pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">$</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">5,940,124</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 4pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-indent: -9pt; padding-left: 9pt">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; text-indent: -9pt; padding-left: 9pt">LIABILITIES
    AND EQUITY</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; text-indent: -9pt; padding-left: 9pt">Current Liabilities</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; text-indent: -9pt; padding-left: 0.25in">Accounts
    payable</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">15,558</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">-</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; text-indent: -9pt; padding-left: 0.25in">Short-term
    bank loan</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">1,891,000</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">899,250</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; text-indent: -9pt; padding-left: 0.25in">Long-term
    bank loan - current portion</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">39,688</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">39,835</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; text-indent: -9pt; padding-left: 0.25in">Notes payable</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">499,284</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">510,447</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; text-indent: -9pt; padding-left: 0.25in">Accrued
    expenses and other current liabilities</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">1,558,629</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">1,243,158</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; text-indent: -9pt; padding-left: 0.25in">Operating
    lease liability &ndash; current portion</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">286,212</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">-</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; text-indent: -9pt; padding-left: 0.25in">Due to
    related parties</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">7,594,784</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">7,745,096</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; text-indent: -9pt; padding-left: 0.25in">Convertible
    notes payable &ndash; current portion</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">300,000</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">300,000</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-indent: -9pt; padding-left: 0.25in">Convertible
    notes payable - related parties, current portion</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">250,000</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">250,000</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; text-indent: -9pt; padding-left: 0.5in">Total Current
    Liabilities</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">12,435,155</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">10,987,786</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-indent: -9pt; padding-left: 9pt">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; text-indent: -9pt; padding-left: 9pt">Long-term
    bank loan</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">5,388</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">15,257</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; text-indent: -9pt; padding-left: 9pt">Tenant security
    deposit</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">2,880</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">-</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; text-indent: -9pt; padding-left: 9pt">Operating
    lease liability &ndash; noncurrent portion</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">239,647</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">-</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; text-indent: -9pt; padding-left: 9pt">Convertible
    notes payable &ndash; related parties</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">250,000</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">250,000</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-indent: -9pt; padding-left: 9pt">Accrued
    interest</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">43,467</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">27,467</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-indent: -9pt; padding-left: 0.5in">Total
    Liabilities</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">12,976,537</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">11,280,510</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-indent: -9pt; padding-left: 9pt">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-indent: -9pt; padding-left: 9pt">Equity</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; text-indent: -9pt; padding-left: 0.25in">Preferred
    stock, $0.001 par value, 20,000,000 authorized, nil shares issued and outstanding</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">-</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">-</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; text-indent: -9pt; padding-left: 0.25in">Common
    stock, $0.001 par value, 20,000,000 authorized, 17,693,625 and 11,884,804 issued and outstanding</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">17,694</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">11,885</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; text-indent: -9pt; padding-left: 0.25in">Additional
    paid-in capital</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">15,680,674</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">14,983,714</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; text-indent: -9pt; padding-left: 0.25in">Accumulated
    deficit</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">(13,001,117</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">)</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">(12,209,446</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">)</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; text-indent: -9pt; padding-left: 0.25in">Other comprehensive
    income</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">640,439</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">655,851</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-indent: -9pt; padding-left: 0.25in">Treasury
    stock</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">(9,100,000</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">)</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">(9,100,000</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">)</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; text-indent: -9pt; padding-left: 9pt">Total Stockholders&rsquo;
    deficit</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">(5,762,310</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">)</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">(5,657,996</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">)</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-indent: -9pt; padding-left: 9pt">Noncontrolling
    interest</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">235,964</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">317,610</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-indent: -9pt; padding-left: 0.5in">Total
    Equity (Deficit)</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">(5,526,346</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">)</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">(5,340,386</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">)</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-indent: -9pt; padding-left: 9pt">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; padding-bottom: 4pt; text-indent: -9pt; padding-left: 9pt">Total
    Liabilities and Equity (Deficit)</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 4pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">$</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">7,450,191</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 4pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 4pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">$</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">5,940,124</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 4pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
</TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: center; background-color: white"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>&nbsp;</B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: center; background-color: white"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><I>The
accompanying notes are an integral part of these financial statements.&nbsp;</I></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: center; background-color: white"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>&nbsp;</B></FONT></P>


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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>&nbsp;</B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: center; background-color: white"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>AMERICAN
BRIVISION (HOLDING) CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES</B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: center; background-color: white"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>CONSOLIDATED
STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS</B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: center; background-color: white"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>FOR
THE&nbsp;<FONT STYLE="background-color: white">THREE MONTHS</FONT>&nbsp;ENDED MARCH 31, 2019 AND 2018</B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: center; background-color: white"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>(UNAUDITED)</B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: center; background-color: white"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid">March&nbsp;31,<BR>
    2019</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid">March&nbsp;31,<BR>
    2018</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="width: 76%; font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-indent: -9pt; padding-left: 9pt">Revenues</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">$</TD><TD STYLE="width: 9%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">212,242</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">$</TD><TD STYLE="width: 9%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">-</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-indent: -9pt; padding-left: 9pt">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-indent: -9pt; padding-left: 9pt">Cost
    of revenues</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">1,499</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">-</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-indent: -9pt; padding-left: 9pt">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; text-indent: -9pt; padding-left: 9pt">Gross
    profit</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">210,743</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">-</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-indent: -9pt; padding-left: 9pt">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; text-indent: -9pt; padding-left: 9pt">Operating
    expenses</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; text-indent: -9pt; padding-left: 0.25in">Selling,
    general and administrative expenses</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">510,803</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">420,462</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; text-indent: -9pt; padding-left: 0.25in">Research
    and development expenses</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">421,956</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">248,111</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-indent: -9pt; padding-left: 0.25in">Stock
    based compensation</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">8,550</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">5,626</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-indent: -9pt; padding-left: 27pt">Total
    operating expenses</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">941,309</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">674,199</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-indent: -9pt; padding-left: 9pt">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-indent: -9pt; padding-left: 9pt">Loss
    from operations</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">(730,566</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">)</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">(674,199</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">)</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-indent: -9pt; padding-left: 9pt">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; text-indent: -9pt; padding-left: 9pt">Other
    income (expense)</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; text-indent: -9pt; padding-left: 0.25in">Interest
    income</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">189</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">1,150</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; text-indent: -9pt; padding-left: 0.25in">Interest
    expense</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">(129,886</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">)</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">(106,854</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">)</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; text-indent: -9pt; padding-left: 0.25in">Rental
    income, net</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">(3,891</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">)</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">3,066</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; text-indent: -9pt; padding-left: 0.25in">Gain (loss)
    on foreign exchange&nbsp;changes</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">(3</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">)</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">7,515</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; text-indent: -9pt; padding-left: 0.25in">Gain (loss)
    on investment in equity securities</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">(66,205</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">)</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">(38,567</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">)</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-indent: -9pt; padding-left: 0.25in">Other
    income (expense)</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">(500</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">)</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">(15</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">)</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-indent: -9pt; padding-left: 27pt">Total
    other income (expenses)</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">(200,296</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">)</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">(133,705</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">)</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-indent: -9pt; padding-left: 9pt">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; text-indent: -9pt; padding-left: 9pt">Loss
    before provision for income tax (benefit)</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">(930,862</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">)</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">(807,904</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">)</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-indent: -9pt; padding-left: 9pt">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-indent: -9pt; padding-left: 9pt">Provision
    for income tax (benefit)</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">(57,545</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">)</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">(94,282</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">)</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-indent: -9pt; padding-left: 9pt">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; text-indent: -9pt; padding-left: 9pt">Net loss</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">$</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">(873,317</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">)</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">$</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">(713,622</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">)</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; text-indent: -9pt; padding-left: 9pt">Net loss attributable
    to noncontrolling interests</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">(81,646</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">)</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">(112,235</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">)</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; text-indent: -9pt; padding-left: 9pt">Net loss attributable
    to ABVC and subsidiaries</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">(791,671</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">)</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">(601,387</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">)</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-indent: -9pt; padding-left: 9pt">Foreign
    currency translation adjustment</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">(86,786</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">)</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">64,994</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; padding-bottom: 4pt; text-indent: -9pt; padding-left: 9pt">Comprehensive
    Income (Loss)</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 4pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">$</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">(878,457</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 4pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">)</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 4pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">$</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">(536,393</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 4pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">)</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-indent: -9pt; padding-left: 9pt">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; text-indent: -9pt; padding-left: 9pt">Net loss per
    share attributable to common stockholders</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; padding-bottom: 4pt; text-indent: -9pt; padding-left: 0.25in">Basic
    and diluted</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 4pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">$</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">(0.05</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 4pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">)</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 4pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">$</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">(0.05</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 4pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">)</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-indent: -9pt; padding-left: 9pt">Weighted average number of common
    shares outstanding</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; padding-bottom: 4pt; text-indent: -9pt; padding-left: 0.25in">Basic
    and diluted</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 4pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">14,965,665</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 4pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 4pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">11,599,911</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 4pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
</TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><I>The
accompanying notes are an integral part of these financial statements.</I></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>&nbsp;</B></FONT></P>


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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>&nbsp;</B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>AMERICAN
BRIVISION (HOLDING) CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES</B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>CONSOLIDATED
STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS</B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>FOR
THE&nbsp;<FONT STYLE="background-color: white">THREE MONTHS</FONT>&nbsp;ENDED MARCH 31, 2019 AND 2018</B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>(UNAUDITED)</B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid">Mar
    31,<BR> 2019</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid">Mar
    31,<BR> 2018</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Cash flows from operating activities</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="width: 76%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; text-indent: -9pt; padding-left: 9pt">Net
    loss</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">$</TD><TD STYLE="width: 9%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">(873,317</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">)</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">$</TD><TD STYLE="width: 9%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">(713,622</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">)</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; text-indent: -9pt; padding-left: 9pt">Adjustments
    to reconcile net loss to net cash used in operating activities:</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-indent: -9pt; padding-left: 0.25in">Depreciation</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">13,940</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">11,420</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; text-indent: -9pt; padding-left: 0.25in">Stock-based
    compensation</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">8,550</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">5,626</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; text-indent: -9pt; padding-left: 0.25in">Other non-cash
    income and expenses</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">(553</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">)</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">-</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; text-indent: -9pt; padding-left: 0.25in">Loss on
    investment in equity securities</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">66,205</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">38,567</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; text-indent: -9pt; padding-left: 0.25in">Deferred
    tax</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">(48,028</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">)</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">(96,132</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">)</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; text-indent: -9pt; padding-left: 0.25in">Changes
    in assets and liabilities:</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; text-indent: -9pt; padding-left: 27pt">Decrease
    (increase) in accounts receivable</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">(116,334</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">)</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">2,835</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; text-indent: -9pt; padding-left: 27pt">Decrease
    (increase) in prepaid expenses and deposits</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">29,237</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">(5,642</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">)</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; text-indent: -9pt; padding-left: 27pt">Decrease
    (increase) in other receivable</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">39,005</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">-</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; text-indent: -9pt; padding-left: 27pt">Decrease
    (increase) in due from related parties</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">1,252</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">19,594</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; text-indent: -9pt; padding-left: 27pt">Decrease
    (increase) in inventory</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">797</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">584</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; text-indent: -9pt; padding-left: 27pt">Increase
    (decrease) in accounts payable</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">(37,353</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">)</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">-</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; text-indent: -9pt; padding-left: 27pt">Increase
    (decrease) in accrued expenses and other current liabilities</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">305,214</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">137,288</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-indent: -9pt; padding-left: 27pt">Increase
    (decrease) in due to related parties</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">11,857</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">73,972</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-indent: -9pt; padding-left: 0.5in">Net
    cash used in operating activities</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">(599,528</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">)</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">(525,510</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">)</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-indent: -9pt; padding-left: 9pt">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; text-indent: -9pt; padding-left: 9pt">Cash flows
    from investing activities</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-indent: -9pt; padding-left: 0.25in">Long-term
    equity investment</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">(17,801</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">)</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">-</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-indent: -9pt; padding-left: 0.5in">Net
    cash used in investing activities</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">(17,801</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">)</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">-</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-indent: -9pt; padding-left: 9pt">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; text-indent: -9pt; padding-left: 9pt">Cash flows
    from financing activities</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; text-indent: -9pt; padding-left: 0.25in">Issuance
    of common stock for acquisition</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">531,147</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">-</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; text-indent: -9pt; padding-left: 0.25in">Net proceeds
    from short-term bank loan</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">1,000,000</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">-</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; text-indent: -9pt; padding-left: 0.25in">Net proceeds
    from short-term borrowing from third-parties</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">-</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">312,824</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; text-indent: -9pt; padding-left: 0.25in">Borrowings
    from related parties</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">312,660</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">50,000</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; text-indent: -9pt; padding-left: 0.25in">Repayment
    of borrowings from related parties</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">(460,000</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">)</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">(13,087</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">)</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-indent: -9pt; padding-left: 0.25in">Repayment
    of bank loans</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">(10,016</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">)</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">-</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-indent: -9pt; padding-left: 45pt">Net
    cash provided by financing activities</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">1,373,791</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">349,737</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-indent: -9pt; padding-left: 9pt">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-indent: -9pt; padding-left: 9pt">Effect
    of exchange rate changes on cash and cash equivalents</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">(1,809</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">)</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">(40</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">)</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-indent: -9pt; padding-left: 9pt">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-indent: -9pt; padding-left: 9pt">Net
    increase (decrease) in cash, cash equivalents, and restricted cash equivalents</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">754,653</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">(175,813</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">)</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-indent: -9pt; padding-left: 9pt">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; text-indent: -9pt; padding-left: 9pt">Cash, cash
    equivalents, and restricted cash equivalents</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-indent: -9pt; padding-left: 0.25in">Beginning</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">242,781</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">350,257</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 4pt; text-indent: -9pt; padding-left: 0.25in">Ending</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 4pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">$</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">997,434</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 4pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 4pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">$</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">174,444</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 4pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-indent: -9pt; padding-left: 9pt">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; text-indent: -9pt; padding-left: 9pt">Supplemental
    disclosure of cash flows</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; text-indent: -9pt; padding-left: 9pt">Cash paid
    during the year for:</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; padding-bottom: 4pt; text-indent: -9pt; padding-left: 0.25in">Income
    tax</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 4pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">$</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">1,250</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 4pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 4pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">$</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">1,850</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 4pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; padding-bottom: 4pt; text-indent: -9pt; padding-left: 0.25in">Interest
    expense</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 4pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">$</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">26,592</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 4pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 4pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">66,914</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 4pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
</TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>&nbsp;</B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><I>The
accompanying notes are an integral part of these financial statements.</I></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>&nbsp;</B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: center"></P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>&nbsp;</B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>AMERICAN
BRIVISION (HOLDING) CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES</B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>CONSOLIDATED
STATEMENTS OF CHANGES IN EQUITY&nbsp;</B></FONT><BR>
<FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>FOR THE&nbsp;<FONT STYLE="background-color: white">THREE
MONTHS</FONT>&nbsp;ENDED MARCH 31, 2019 AND 2018</B></FONT><BR>
<FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>(UNAUDITED)</B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center">Common Stock Number of</TD><TD STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center">Additional Paid-in</TD><TD STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center">Accumulated</TD><TD STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center">Comprehensive</TD><TD STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center">Treasury</TD><TD STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center">Noncontrolling</TD><TD STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center">Stockholders&rsquo; Equity</TD><TD STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid">shares</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid">Amounts</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid">Capital</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid">Deficit</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid">Income</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid">Stock</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid">Interest</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid">(Deficit)</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="width: 10%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-indent: -5pt; padding-left: 5pt">Balance
    at December&nbsp;31, 2017</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 1%; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="width: 9%; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">11,874,814</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 1%; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">$</TD><TD STYLE="width: 9%; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">11,875</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 1%; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">$</TD><TD STYLE="width: 9%; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">14,874,924</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 1%; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">$</TD><TD STYLE="width: 9%; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">(6,634,067</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">)</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 1%; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">$</TD><TD STYLE="width: 9%; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">743,763</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 1%; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">$</TD><TD STYLE="width: 9%; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">(9,100,000</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">)</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 1%; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">$</TD><TD STYLE="width: 9%; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">806,761</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 1%; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">$</TD><TD STYLE="width: 9%; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">703,256</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-indent: -5pt; padding-left: 10pt">Issuance of common shares</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">9,990</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">10</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">79,990</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">-</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">-</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">-</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">-</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">80,000</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; text-indent: -5pt; padding-left: 10pt">Stock based
    compensation</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">-</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">-</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">5,626</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">-</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">-</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">-</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">-</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">5,626</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; text-indent: -5pt; padding-left: 10pt">Net loss
    for the period</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">-</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">-</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">-</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">(601,387</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">)</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">-</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">-</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">(112,235</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">)</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">(713,622</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">)</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-indent: -5pt; padding-left: 10pt">Cumulative
    transaction adjustments</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">-</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">-</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">-</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">-</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">64,994</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">-</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">-</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">64,994</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 4pt; text-indent: -5pt; padding-left: 5pt">Balance
    at March&nbsp;31, 2018</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 4pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">11,884,804</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 4pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 4pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">11,885</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 4pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 4pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">14,960,540</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 4pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 4pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">(7,235,454</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 4pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">)</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 4pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">808,757</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 4pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 4pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">(9,100,000</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 4pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">)</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 4pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">694,526</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 4pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 4pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">140,254</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 4pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
</TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center">Common Stock Number of</TD><TD STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center">Additional Paid-in</TD><TD STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center">Accumulated</TD><TD STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center">Comprehensive</TD><TD STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center">Treasury</TD><TD STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center">Noncontrolling</TD><TD STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center">Stockholders&rsquo; Equity</TD><TD STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid">shares</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid">Amounts</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid">Capital</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid">Deficit</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid">Income</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid">Stock</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid">Interest</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid">(Deficit)</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="width: 10%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-indent: -5pt; padding-left: 5pt">Balance
    at December&nbsp;31, 2018</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 1%; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="width: 9%; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">11,884,804</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 1%; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">$</TD><TD STYLE="width: 9%; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">11,885</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 1%; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">$</TD><TD STYLE="width: 9%; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">14,983,714</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 1%; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">$</TD><TD STYLE="width: 9%; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">(12,209,446</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">)</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 1%; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">$</TD><TD STYLE="width: 9%; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">655,851</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 1%; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">$</TD><TD STYLE="width: 9%; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">(9,100,000</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">)</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 1%; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">$</TD><TD STYLE="width: 9%; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">317,610</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 1%; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">$</TD><TD STYLE="width: 9%; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">(5,340,386</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">)</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-indent: -5pt; padding-left: 10pt">Issuance of common shares</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">1,642,291</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">1,642</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">692,577</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">-</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">-</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">-</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">-</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">694,219</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; text-indent: -5pt; padding-left: 10pt">Effects from
    restructuring</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">4,166,530</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">4,167</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">(4,167</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">)</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">-</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">-</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">-</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">-</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">-</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; text-indent: -5pt; padding-left: 10pt">Stock based
    compensation</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">-</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">-</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">8,550</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">-</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">-</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">-</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">-</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">8,550</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; text-indent: -5pt; padding-left: 10pt">Net loss
    for the period</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">-</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">-</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">-</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">(791,671</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">)</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">-</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">-</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">(81,646</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">)</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">(873,317</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">)</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-indent: -5pt; padding-left: 10pt">Cumulative
    transaction adjustments</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">-</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">-</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">-</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">-</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">(15,412</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">)</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">-</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">-</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">(15,412</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">)</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 4pt; text-indent: -5pt; padding-left: 5pt">Balance
    at March&nbsp;31, 2019</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 4pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">17,693,625</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 4pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 4pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">17,694</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 4pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 4pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">15,680,674</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 4pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 4pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">(13,001,117</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 4pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">)</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 4pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">640,439</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 4pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 4pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">(9,100,000</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 4pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">)</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 4pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">235,964</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 4pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 4pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">(5,526,346</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 4pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">)</TD></TR>
</TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>&nbsp;</B></FONT></P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0; width: 100%"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; text-align: justify">
<TD STYLE="width: 0"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>*</B></FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>All
shares outstanding for all periods have been retroactively recast to reflect Company&rsquo;s 1-for-18 stock reverse split, which
was effective on May 8, 2019.</B></FONT></TD>
</TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>&nbsp;</B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><I>The
accompanying notes are an integral part of these financial statements.</I></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><I>&nbsp;</I></FONT></P>


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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>&nbsp;</B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>AMERICAN
BRIVISION (HOLDING) CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES</B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>NOTES
TO CONSOLIDATED UNAUDITED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS</B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>MARCH
31, 2019</B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>&nbsp;</B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>1.
ORGANIZATION AND DESCRIPTION OF BUSINESS</B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">American
BriVision (Holding) Corporation (the &ldquo;Company&rdquo; or &ldquo;Holding entity&rdquo;), a Nevada corporation, through the
Company&rsquo;s operating entity, American BriVision Corporation (the &ldquo;BriVision&rdquo;), which was incorporated in July
2015 in the State of Delaware, engages in biotechnology and focuses on the development of new drugs and innovative medical devices
to fulfill unmet medical needs. The business model of the Company is to integrate research achievements from world-famous institutions
(such as Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center (&ldquo;MSKCC&rdquo;) and MD Anderson Cancer Center), conduct clinical trials
of translational medicine for Proof of Concept (&ldquo;POC&rdquo;), out-license to international pharmaceutical companies, and
exploit global markets. BriVision had to predecessor operations prior to its formation on July 21, 2015.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><U>Reverse
Merger</U></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">On
February 8, 2016, a Share Exchange Agreement (the &ldquo;Share Exchange Agreement&rdquo;) was entered into by and among American
BriVision (Holding) Corporation, American BriVision Corporation&nbsp;(&ldquo;BriVision&rdquo;), and Euro-Asia Investment &amp;
Finance Corp. Limited, a company incorporated under the laws of Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of the People&rsquo;s
Republic of China (&ldquo;Euro-Asia&rdquo;), being the owners of record of 164,387,376 (52,336,000 pre-stock split) shares of
Common Stock of the Company, and the owners of record of all of the issued share capital of BriVision (the&nbsp;&ldquo;BriVision
Stock&rdquo;).</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Pursuant
to the Share Exchange Agreement, upon surrender by the BriVision Shareholders and the cancellation by BriVision of the certificates
evidencing the BriVision Stock as registered in the name of each BriVision Shareholder, and pursuant to the registration of the
Company in the register of members maintained by BriVision as the new holder of the BriVision Stock and the issuance of the certificates
evidencing the aforementioned registration of the BriVision Stock in the name of the Company, the Company issued 166,273,921(52,936,583
pre-stock split) shares (the&nbsp;&ldquo;Acquisition Stock&rdquo;) (subject to adjustment for fractionalized shares as set forth
below) of the Company&rsquo;s Common Stock to the BriVision Shareholders (or their designees), and 163,159,952 (51,945,225 pre-stock
split) shares of the Company&rsquo;s Common Stock owned by Euro-Asia were cancelled and retired to treasury. The Acquisition Stock
collectively represented 79.70% of the issued and outstanding Common Stock of the Company immediately after the Closing, in exchange
for the BriVision Stock, representing 100% of the issued share capital of BriVision in a reverse merger (the &ldquo;Merger&rdquo;).</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Pursuant
to the Merger, all of the issued and outstanding common shares of BriVision were converted, at an exchange ratio of 0.2536-for-1,
into an aggregate of 166,273,921(52,936,583pre-stock split) common shares of the Company and BriVision had become a wholly owned
subsidiary of the Company. The holders of Company&rsquo;s Common Stock as of immediately prior to the Merger held an aggregate
of 205,519,223(65,431,144 pre-stock split) shares of Company&rsquo;s Common Stock.&nbsp;Because of the exchange of the BriVision
Stock for the Acquisition Stock (the&nbsp;&ldquo;Share Exchange&rdquo;), BriVision had become a wholly owned subsidiary (the &ldquo;Subsidiary&rdquo;)
of the Company and there was a change of control of the Company following the closing. There were no warrants, options or other
equity instruments issued in connection with the share exchange agreement.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Upon
the consummation of the Share Exchange,&nbsp;BriVision&nbsp;became our wholly owned subsidiary of the Company.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Following
the Share Exchange, we have abandoned our prior business plan and we are now pursuing&nbsp;BriVision&rsquo;s&nbsp;historically
proposed businesses, which focus on the development of new drugs and innovative medical devices to fulfill unmet medical needs.
The business model of the Company is to integrate research achievements from world-famous institutions, conduct clinical trials
of translational medicine for Proof of Concept (&ldquo;POC&rdquo;), out-license to international pharmaceutical companies, and
explore global markets.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 40.2pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 40.2pt"></P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 40.2pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><U>Accounting
Treatment of the Reverse Merger</U></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">For
financial reporting purposes, the Share Exchange represents a &ldquo;reverse merger&rdquo;&nbsp;rather than a business combination
and BriVision is deemed the accounting acquirer in the transaction. The Share Exchange is being accounted for as a reverse-merger
and recapitalization. BriVision is the acquirer for financial reporting purposes and the Company is the acquired company. Consequently,
the assets and liabilities and the operations reflected in the historical financial statements prior to the Share Exchange will
be those of BriVision and recorded at the historical cost basis of BriVision. In addition, the consolidated financial statements
after completion of the Share Exchange will include the assets and liabilities of the Company and BriVision, and the historical
operations of BriVision and operations of the Combined Company from the closing date of the Share Exchange.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><U>Merger</U></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">On
February 8, 2019, the Company, BioLite Holding, Inc. (&ldquo;BioLite&rdquo;), BioKey, Inc. (&ldquo;BioKey&rdquo;), BioLite Acquisition
Corp., a direct wholly-owned subsidiary of Parent (&ldquo;Merger Sub 1&rdquo;), and BioKey Acquisition Corp., a direct wholly-owned
subsidiary of Parent (&ldquo;Merger Sub 2&rdquo;) (<FONT STYLE="background-color: white">collectively referred to as the &ldquo;Parties&rdquo;)</FONT>&nbsp;completed
the business combination pursuant to the Agreement and Plan of Merger (the &ldquo;Merger Agreement&rdquo;) dated as of January
31, 2018 where ABVC acquired BioLite and BioKey via issuing additional Common Stock of ABVC to the shareholders of BioLite and
BioKey.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Pursuant
to the terms of the Merger Agreement, BioLite and BioKey became two wholly-owned subsidiaries of the Company on February 8, 2019.
ABVC issued an aggregate of 104,558,777 shares (prior to the reverse stock split in 2019) to the shareholders of both BioLite
and BioKey under a registration statement on <A HREF="http://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/1173313/000121390018009520/fs42018_americanbrivision.htm">Form S-4</A> (file number 333-226285), which became effective by operation of law on
or about February 5, 2019.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">BioLite
Holding, Inc. (the &ldquo;BioLite Holding&rdquo;) was incorporated under the laws of the State of Nevada on July 27, 2016. BioLite
BVI, Inc. (the &ldquo;BioLite BVI&rdquo;), a wholly owned subsidiary of BioLite Holding, was incorporated in the British Virgin
Islands on September 13, 2016. BioLite Holding and BioLite BVI are holding companies and have not carried out substantive business
operations of their own.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">BioLite,
Inc., (the &ldquo;BioLite Taiwan&rdquo;) was incorporated on February 13, 2006 under the laws of Taiwan. BioLite is in the business
of developing and commercialization of new botanical drugs with application in central nervous system, autoimmunity, inflammation,
hematology, and oncology. In addition, BioLite Taiwan distributes dietary supplements made from extracts of Chinese herbs and
Maitake mushroom.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">In
January 2017, BioLite Holding, BioLite BVI, BioLite Taiwan, and certain shareholders of BioLite Taiwan entered into a share purchase
/ exchange agreement (the &ldquo;BioLite Share Purchase / Exchange Agreement&rdquo;). Pursuant to the BioLite Share Purchase /
Exchange Agreement, the shareholder participants to the BioLite Share Purchase / Exchange Agreement have sold their equity in
BioLite Taiwan and were using the proceeds from such sales to purchase shares of Common Stock of BioLite Holding at the same price
per share, resulting in their owning the same number of shares of Common Stock as they owned in the BioLite Taiwan. Upon closing
of the Share Purchase/ Exchange Agreement in August 2017, BioLite Holding ultimately owns via BioLite BVI approximately 73% of
BioLite Taiwan. The other shareholders who did not enter this Share Purchase/ Exchange Agreement retain their equity ownership
in BioLite Taiwan.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">BioKey,
Inc. was incorporated on August 9, 2000 in the State of California. It is engaged primarily in research and development, manufacturing,
and distribution of generic drugs and nutraceuticals with strategic partners. BioKey provides a wide range of services, including,
API characterization, pre-formulation studies, formulation development, analytical method development, stability studies, IND/NDA/ANDA/510K
submissions, and manufacturing clinical trial materials (phase 1 through phase 3) and commercial manufacturing. It also licenses
out its technologies and initiates joint research and development processes with other biotechnology, pharmaceutical, and nutraceutical
companies.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><U>Accounting
Treatment of the Merger</U></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
Company adopted ASC 805, &ldquo;Business Combination&rdquo; to record the merger transactions of BioKey. Since the Company and
BioLite Holding are the entities under Dr. Tsung-Shann Jiang&rsquo;s common control, the transaction is accounted for as a restructuring
transaction.&nbsp;All the assets and liabilities of BioLite Holding, BioLite BVI, and BioLite Taiwan were transferred to the Company
at their respective carrying amounts on the closing date of the Merger. The Company has recast prior period financial statements
to reflect the conveyance of BioLite Holding&rsquo;s common shares as if the restructuring transaction had occurred as of the
earliest date of the financial statements. All material intercompany accounts, transactions, and profits have been eliminated
in consolidation. The nature of and effects on earnings per share (EPS) of nonrecurring intra-entity transactions involving long-term
assets and liabilities is not required to be eliminated and EPS amounts have been recast to include the earnings (or losses) of
the transferred net assets.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"></P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>2.
SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES</B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><U>Basis
of Presentation</U></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
accompanying consolidated financial statements have been prepared in accordance with the generally accepted accounting principles
in the United States of America (the &ldquo;U.S. GAAP&rdquo;). All significant intercompany transactions and account balances
have been eliminated.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">This
basis of accounting involves the application of accrual accounting and consequently, revenues and gains are recognized when earned,
and expenses and losses are recognized when incurred. The Company&rsquo;s financial statements are expressed in U.S. dollars.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><U>Fiscal
Year</U></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
Company changed its fiscal year from the period beginning on October 1st and ending on September 30th to the period beginning
on January 1st and ending on December 31st, beginning January 1, 2018. All references herein to a fiscal year prior to December
31, 2017 refer to the twelve months ended September 30th of such year.&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><U>Use
of Estimates</U></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
preparation of financial statements in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America
requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosure
of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the consolidated financial statements and the amount of revenues and expenses
during the reporting periods. Actual results could differ materially from those results.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><U>Inventory</U></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Inventory
consists of raw materials, work-in-process, finished goods, and merchandise. Inventories are stated at the lower of cost or market
and valued on a moving weighted average cost basis. Market is determined based on net realizable value. The Company periodically
reviews the age and turnover of its inventory to determine whether any inventory has become obsolete or has declined in value,
and incurs a charge to operations for known and anticipated inventory obsolescence.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><U>Reclassifications</U></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Certain
classifications have been made to the prior year financial statements to conform to the current year presentation. The reclassification
had no impact on previously reported net loss or accumulated deficit.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><U>Forward
Stock Split</U></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">On
March 21, 2016, the Board of Directors of the Company approved an amendment to Articles of Incorporation to effect a forward split
at a ratio of 1 to 3.141 and increase the number of our authorized shares of Common Stock, par value $0.001 per share, to 360,000,000,
which was effective on April 8, 2016.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"></P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><U>Stock
Reverse Split</U></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">On
March 12, 2019, the Board of Directors of the Company by unanimous written consent in lieu of a meeting approved to i) effect
a stock reverse split at the ratio of 1-for-18 (the &ldquo;Reverse Split&rdquo;) of both the authorized common stock of the Company
(the &ldquo;Common Stock&rdquo;) and the issued and outstanding Common Stock and ii) to amend the articles of incorporation of
the Company to reflect the Reverse Split. The Board approved and authorized the Reverse Split without obtaining approval of the
Company&rsquo;s shareholders pursuant to Section 78.207 of Nevada Revised Statutes. On May 3, 2019, the Company filed a certificate
of amendment to the Company&rsquo;s articles of incorporation (the &ldquo;Amendment&rdquo;) to effect the Reverse Split with the
Secretary of State of Nevada. The Financial Industry Regulatory Authority (&ldquo;FINRA&rdquo;) informed the Company that the
Reverse Split was effective on May 8, 2019. All shares and related financial information in this Form 10-Q reflect this 1-for-18
reverse stock split.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><U>Fair
Value Measurements</U></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">FASB
ASC 820, &ldquo;Fair Value Measurements&rdquo; defines fair value for certain financial and nonfinancial assets and liabilities
that are recorded at fair value, establishes a framework for measuring fair value and expands disclosures about fair value measurements.
It requires that an entity measure its financial instruments to base fair value on exit price, maximize the use of observable
units and minimize the use of unobservable inputs to determine the exit price. It establishes a hierarchy which prioritizes the
inputs to valuation techniques used to measure fair value. This hierarchy increases the consistency and comparability of fair
value measurements and related disclosures by maximizing the use of observable inputs and minimizing the use of unobservable inputs
by requiring that observable inputs be used when available. Observable inputs are inputs that reflect the assumptions market participants
would use in pricing the assets or liabilities based on market data obtained from sources independent of the Company. Unobservable
inputs are inputs that reflect the Company&rsquo;s own assumptions about the assumptions market participants would use in pricing
the asset or liability developed based on the best information available in the circumstances. The hierarchy prioritizes the inputs
into three broad levels based on the reliability of the inputs as follows:</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<TABLE CELLSPACING="0" CELLPADDING="0" STYLE="width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="width: 24px; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 24px; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#9679;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Level
    1 &ndash; Inputs are quoted prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities that the Company has the ability
    to access at the measurement date. Valuation of these instruments does not require a high degree of judgment as the valuations
    are based on quoted prices in active markets that are readily and regularly available.</FONT></TD></TR>
</TABLE>
<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<TABLE CELLSPACING="0" CELLPADDING="0" STYLE="width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="width: 24px; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 24px; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#9679;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Level
    2 &ndash; Inputs other than quoted prices in active markets that are either directly or indirectly observable as of the measurement
    date, such as quoted prices for similar assets or liabilities; quoted prices in markets that are not active; or other inputs
    that are observable or can be corroborated by observable market data for substantially the full term of the assets or liabilities.</FONT></TD></TR>
</TABLE>
<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<TABLE CELLSPACING="0" CELLPADDING="0" STYLE="width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="width: 24px; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 24px; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#9679;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Level
    3 &ndash; Valuations based on inputs that are unobservable and not corroborated by market data. The fair value for such assets
    and liabilities is generally determined using pricing models, discounted cash flow methodologies, or similar techniques that
    incorporate the assumptions a market participant would use in pricing the asset or liability.</FONT></TD></TR>
</TABLE>
<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
carrying values of certain assets and liabilities of the Company, such as cash and cash equivalents, restricted cash, accounts
receivable, due from related parties, inventory, prepaid expenses and other current assets, accounts payable, accrued liabilities,
and due to related parties approximate fair value due to their relatively short maturities. The carrying value of the Company&rsquo;s
short-term bank loan, convertible notes payable, and accrued interest approximates their fair value as the terms of the borrowing
are consistent with current market rates and the duration to maturity is short. The carrying value of the Company&rsquo;s long-term
bank loan approximates fair value because the interest rates approximate market rates that the Company could obtain for debt with
similar terms and maturities.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><U>Cash
and Cash Equivalents</U></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
Company considers highly liquid investments with maturities of three months or less, when purchased, to be cash equivalents. As
of March 31, 2019 and December 31, 2018, the Company&rsquo;s cash and cash equivalents amounted $981,341 and $226,688, respectively.
Some&nbsp;of the Company&rsquo;s cash deposits are held in financial institutions located in Taiwan where there is currently regulation
mandated on obligatory insurance of bank accounts. The Company believes this financial institution is of high credit quality.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"></P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><U>Restricted
Cash Equivalents</U></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Restricted
cash equivalents primarily consist of cash held in a reserve bank account in Taiwan. As of March 31, 2019 and December 31, 2018,
the Company&rsquo;s restricted cash equivalents amounted $16,093.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><U>Concentration
of Credit Risk</U></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
Company&rsquo;s financial instruments that are exposed to concentrations of credit risk consist primarily of cash and cash equivalents.
The Company places its cash and temporary cash investments in high quality credit institutions, but these investments may be in
excess of Taiwan Central Deposit Insurance Corporation and the U.S. Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation&rsquo;s insurance limits.
The Company does not enter into financial instruments for hedging, trading or speculative purposes.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><U>Revenue
Recognition</U></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">During
the fiscal year 2018, the Company adopted Accounting Standards Codification (&ldquo;ASC&rdquo;), Topic 606 (ASC 606), Revenue
from Contracts with Customers, using the modified retrospective method to all contracts that were not completed as of January
1, 2018, and applying the new revenue standard as an adjustment to the opening balance of accumulated deficit at the beginning
of 2018 for the cumulative effect. The results for the Company&rsquo;s reporting periods beginning on and after January 1, 2018
are presented under ASC 606, while prior period amounts are not adjusted and continue to be reported under the accounting standards
in effect for the prior period. Based on the Company&rsquo;s review of existing collaborative agreements as of January 1, 2018,
the Company concluded that the adoption of the new guidance did not have a significant change on the Company&rsquo;s revenue during
all periods presented.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Pursuant
to ASC 606, the Company recognizes revenue when its customer obtains control of promised goods or services, in an amount that
reflects the consideration that the Company expects to receive in exchange for those goods or services. To determine revenue recognition
for arrangements that the Company determines is within the scope of ASC 606, the Company performs the following five steps: (i)
identify the contract(s) with a customer; (ii) identify the performance obligations in the contract; (iii) determine the transaction
price; (iv) allocate the transaction price to the performance obligations in the contract; and (v) recognize revenue when (or
as) the Company satisfies a performance obligation. The Company only applies the five-step model to contracts when it is probable
that the Company will collect the consideration the Company is entitled to in exchange for the goods or services the Company transfers
to the customers. At inception of the contract, once the contract is determined to be within the scope of ASC 606, the Company
assesses the goods or services promised within each contract, determines those that are performance obligations, and assesses
whether each promised good or service is distinct. The Company then recognizes as revenue the amount of the transaction price
that is allocated to the respective performance obligation when (or as) the performance obligation is satisfied.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
following are examples of when the Company recognizes revenue based on the types of payments the Company receives.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>Merchandise
Sales &mdash;&nbsp;</B>The Company recognizes net revenues from dietary supplements product sales when customers obtain control
of the Company&rsquo;s products, which typically occurs upon delivery to customer. Product revenues are recorded at the net sales
price, or &ldquo;transaction price,&rdquo; which includes applicable reserves for variable consideration, including discounts,
allowances, and returns.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><I>Trade
discount and allowances</I>: The Company generally provides invoice discounts on product sales to its customers for prompt payment.
The Company estimates that, based on its experience, its customers will earn these discounts and fees, and deducts the full amount
of these discounts and fees from its gross product revenues and accounts receivable at the time such revenues are recognized.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><I>Product
returns:</I>&nbsp;The Company estimates the amount of each product that will be returned and deducts these estimated amounts from
its gross revenues at the time the revenues are recognized. The Company&rsquo;s customers have the right to return unopened packages,
subject to contractual limitations.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"></P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">To
date, product allowance and returns have been minimal and, based on its experience, the Company believes that returns of its products
will continue to be minimal.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>Collaborative
Revenues &mdash;</B>&nbsp;The Company recognizes collaborative revenues generated through collaborative research, development
and/or commercialization agreements. The terms of these agreements typically include payment to the Company related to one or
more of the following: nonrefundable upfront license fees, development and commercial milestones, partial or complete reimbursement
of research and development costs, and royalties on net sales of licensed products. Each type of payments results in collaborative
revenues except for revenues from royalties on net sales of licensed products, which are classified as royalty revenues. To date,
we have not received any royalty revenues. Revenue is recognized upon satisfaction of a performance obligation by transferring
control of a good or service to the collaboration partners.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">As
part of the accounting for these arrangements, the Company applies judgment to determine whether the performance obligations are
distinct, and develop assumptions in determining the stand-alone selling price for each distinct performance obligation identified
in the collaboration agreements. To determine the stand-alone selling price, the Company relies on assumptions which may include
forecasted revenues, development timelines, reimbursement rates for R&amp;D personnel costs, discount rates and probabilities
of technical and regulatory success.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
Company had multiple deliverables under the collaborative agreements, including deliverables relating to grants of technology
licenses, regulatory and clinical development, and marketing activities. Estimation of the performance periods of the Company&rsquo;s
deliverables requires the use of management&rsquo;s judgment. Significant factors considered in management&rsquo;s evaluation
of the estimated performance periods include, but are not limited to, the Company&rsquo;s experience in conducting clinical development,
regulatory and manufacturing activities. The Company reviews the estimated duration of its performance periods under its collaborative
agreements on an annually basis, and makes any appropriate adjustments on a prospective basis. Future changes in estimates of
the performance period under its collaborative agreements could impact the timing of future revenue recognition.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<TABLE CELLSPACING="0" CELLPADDING="0" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%">
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">

    <TD STYLE="width: 24px; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(i)</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Nonrefundable
    upfront payments</FONT></TD></TR>
</TABLE>
<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">If
a license to the Company&rsquo;s intellectual property is determined to be distinct from the other performance obligations identified
in an arrangement, the Company recognizes revenue from the related nonrefundable upfront payments based on the relative standalone
selling price prescribed to the license compared to the total selling price of the arrangement. The revenue is recognized when
the license is transferred to the collaboration partners and the collaboration partners are able to use and benefit from the license.
To date, the receipt of nonrefundable upfront fees was solely for the compensation of past research efforts and contributions
made by the Company before the collaborative agreements entered into and it does not relate to any future obligations and commitments
made between the Company and the collaboration partners in the collaborative agreements.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<TABLE CELLSPACING="0" CELLPADDING="0" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%">
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">

    <TD STYLE="width: 24px; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(ii)</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Milestone
    payments</FONT></TD></TR>
</TABLE>
<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
Company is eligible to receive milestone payments under the collaborative agreement with collaboration partners based on achievement
of specified development, regulatory and commercial events. Management evaluated the nature of the events triggering these contingent
payments, and concluded that these events fall into two categories: (a) events which involve the performance of the Company&rsquo;s
obligations under the collaborative agreement with collaboration partners, and (b) events which do not involve the performance
of the Company&rsquo;s obligations under the collaborative agreement with collaboration partners.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
former category of milestone payments consists of those triggered by development and regulatory activities in the territories
specified in the collaborative agreements. Management concluded that each of these payments constitute substantive milestone payments.
This conclusion was based primarily on the facts that (i) each triggering event represents a specific outcome that can be achieved
only through successful performance by the Company of one or more of its deliverables, (ii) achievement of each triggering event
was subject to inherent risk and uncertainty and would result in additional payments becoming due to the Company, (iii) each of
the milestone payments is nonrefundable, (iv) substantial effort is required to complete each milestone, (v) the amount of each
milestone payment is reasonable in relation to the value created in achieving the milestone, (vi) a substantial amount of time
is expected to pass between the upfront payment and the potential milestone payments, and (vii) the milestone payments relate
solely to past performance. Based on the foregoing, the Company recognizes any revenue from these milestone payments in the period
in which the underlying triggering event occurs.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"></P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<TABLE CELLSPACING="0" CELLPADDING="0" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%">
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">

    <TD STYLE="width: 24px; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(iii)</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Multiple
    Element Arrangements</FONT></TD></TR>
</TABLE>
<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
Company evaluates multiple element arrangements to determine (1) the deliverables included in the arrangement and (2) whether
the individual deliverables represent separate units of accounting or whether they must be accounted for as a combined unit of
accounting. This evaluation involves subjective determinations and requires management to make judgments about the individual
deliverables and whether such deliverables are separate from other aspects of the contractual relationship. Deliverables are considered
separate units of accounting provided that: (i) the delivered item(s) has value to the customer on a standalone basis and (ii)
if the arrangement includes a general right of return relative to the delivered item(s), delivery or performance of the undelivered
item(s) is considered probable and substantially within its control. In assessing whether an item under a collaboration has standalone
value, the Company considers factors such as the research, manufacturing, and commercialization capabilities of the collaboration
partner and the availability of the associated expertise in the general marketplace. The Company also considers whether its collaboration
partners can use the other deliverable(s) for their intended purpose without the receipt of the remaining element(s), whether
the value of the deliverable is dependent on the undelivered item(s), and whether there are other vendors that can provide the
undelivered element(s).</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
Company recognizes arrangement consideration allocated to each unit of accounting when all of the revenue recognition criteria
in ASC 606 are satisfied for that particular unit of accounting. In the event that a deliverable does not represent a separate
unit of accounting, the Company recognizes revenue from the combined unit of accounting over the Company&rsquo;s contractual or
estimated performance period for the undelivered elements, which is typically the term of the Company&rsquo;s research and development
obligations. If there is no discernible pattern of performance or objectively measurable performance measures do not exist, then
the Company recognizes revenue under the arrangement on a straight-line basis over the period the Company is expected to complete
its performance obligations. Conversely, if the pattern of performance in which the service is provided to the customer can be
determined and objectively measurable performance measures exist, then the Company recognizes revenue under the arrangement using
the proportional performance method. Revenue recognized is limited to the lesser of the cumulative amount of payments received
or the cumulative amount of revenue earned, as determined using the straight-line method or proportional performance method, as
applicable, as of the period ending date.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">At
the inception of an arrangement that includes milestone payments, the Company evaluates whether each milestone is substantive
and at risk to both parties on the basis of the contingent nature of the milestone. This evaluation includes an assessment of
whether: (1) the consideration is commensurate with either the Company&rsquo;s performance to achieve the milestone or the enhancement
of the value of the delivered item(s) as a result of a specific outcome resulting from its performance to achieve the milestone,
(2) the consideration relates solely to past performance and (3) the consideration is reasonable relative to all of the deliverables
and payment terms within the arrangement. The Company evaluates factors such as the scientific, clinical, regulatory, commercial,
and other risks that must be overcome to achieve the particular milestone and the level of effort and investment required to achieve
the particular milestone in making this assessment. There is considerable judgment involved in determining whether a milestone
satisfies all of the criteria required to conclude that a milestone is substantive. Milestones that are not considered substantive
are recognized as earned if there are no remaining performance obligations or over the remaining period of performance, assuming
all other revenue recognition criteria are met.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<TABLE CELLSPACING="0" CELLPADDING="0" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%">
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">

    <TD STYLE="width: 24px; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(iv)</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Royalties
    and Profit Sharing Payments</FONT></TD></TR>
</TABLE>
<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Under
the collaborative agreement with the collaboration partners, the Company is entitled to receive royalties on sales of products,
which is at certain percentage of the net sales. The Company recognizes revenue from these events based on the revenue recognition
criteria set forth in ASC 606. Based on those criteria, the Company considers these payments to be contingent revenues, and recognizes
them as revenue in the period in which the applicable contingency is resolved.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"></P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><U>Property
and Equipment</U></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B><I>&nbsp;</I></B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Property
and equipment is carried at cost net of accumulated depreciation. Repairs and maintenance are expensed as incurred. Expenditures
that improve the functionality of the related asset or extend the useful life are capitalized. When property and equipment is
retired or otherwise disposed of, the related gain or loss is included in operating income. Leasehold improvements are depreciated
on the straight-line method over the shorter of the remaining lease term or estimated useful life of the asset. Depreciation is
calculated on the straight-line method, including property and equipment under capital leases, generally based on the following
useful lives:</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<TABLE CELLSPACING="0" CELLPADDING="0" STYLE="width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-collapse: collapse">
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="width: 87%; text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 12%; border-bottom: black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>Estimated&nbsp;Life&nbsp;</B></FONT><BR>
    <FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>in Years</B></FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="background-color: #CCEEFF; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: top; text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Buildings
    and leasehold improvements</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: center; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">5
    ~ 50</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="background-color: white; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: top; text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Machinery
    and equipment</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: center; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">5
    ~ 10</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="background-color: #CCEEFF; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: top; text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Office
    equipment</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: center; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">3
    ~ 6</FONT></TD></TR>
</TABLE>
<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B><I>&nbsp;</I></B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><U>Impairment
of Long-Lived Assets</U></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
Company has adopted Accounting Standards Codification subtopic 360-10, Property, Plant and Equipment (&ldquo;ASC 360-10&rdquo;).
ASC 360-10 requires that long-lived assets and certain identifiable intangibles held and used by the Company be reviewed for impairment
whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying amount of an asset may not be recoverable. The Company
evaluates its long-lived assets for impairment annually or more often if events and circumstances warrant. Events relating to
recoverability may include significant unfavorable changes in business conditions, recurring losses, or a forecasted inability
to achieve break-even operating results over an extended period. Should impairment in value be indicated, the carrying value of
intangible assets will be adjusted, based on estimates of future discounted cash flows resulting from the use and ultimate disposition
of the asset. ASC 360-10 also requires assets to be disposed of be reported at the lower of the carrying amount or the fair value
less costs to sell.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><U>Long-term
Equity Investment</U>&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
Company acquires the equity investments to promote business and strategic objectives. The Company accounts for non-marketable
equity and other equity investments for which the Company does not have control over the investees as:</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<TABLE CELLSPACING="0" CELLPADDING="0" STYLE="width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="width: 24px; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 24px; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#9679;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Equity
    method investments when the Company has the ability to exercise significant influence, but not control, over the investee.
    Its proportionate share of the income or loss is recognized monthly and is recorded in gains (losses) on equity investments.</FONT></TD></TR>
</TABLE>
<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<TABLE CELLSPACING="0" CELLPADDING="0" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%">
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="width: 24px; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 24px; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#9679;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Non-marketable
    cost method investments when the equity method does not apply.</FONT></TD></TR>
</TABLE>
<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Significant
judgment is required to identify whether an impairment exists in the valuation of the Company&rsquo;s non-marketable equity investments,
and therefore the Company considers this a critical accounting estimate. Its yearly analysis considers both qualitative and quantitative
factors that may have a significant impact on the investee&rsquo;s fair value. Qualitative analysis of its investments involves
understanding the financial performance and near-term prospects of the investee, changes in general market conditions in the investee&rsquo;s
industry or geographic area, and the management and governance structure of the investee. Quantitative assessments of the fair
value of its investments are developed using the market and income approaches. The market approach includes the use of comparable
financial metrics of private and public companies and recent financing rounds. The income approach includes the use of a discounted
cash flow model, which requires significant estimates regarding the investees&rsquo; revenue, costs, and discount rates. The Company&rsquo;s
assessment of these factors in determining whether an impairment exists could change in the future due to new developments or
changes in applied assumptions.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"></P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><U>Other-Than-Temporary
Impairment</U></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
Company&rsquo;s long-term equity investments are subject to a periodic impairment review. Impairments affect earnings as follows:</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<TABLE CELLSPACING="0" CELLPADDING="0" STYLE="width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="width: 24px; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 24px; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#9679;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Marketable
    equity securities include the consideration of general market conditions, the duration and extent to which the fair value
    is below cost, and our ability and intent to hold the investment for a sufficient period of time to allow for recovery of
    value in the foreseeable future. The Company also considers specific adverse conditions related to the financial health of,
    and the business outlook for, the investee, which may include industry and sector performance, changes in technology, operational
    and financing cash flow factors, and changes in the investee&rsquo;s credit rating. The Company records other-than-temporary
    impairments on marketable equity securities and marketable equity method investments in gains (losses) on equity investments.</FONT></TD></TR>
</TABLE>
<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<TABLE CELLSPACING="0" CELLPADDING="0" STYLE="width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="width: 24px; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 24px; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#9679;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Non-marketable
    equity investments based on the Company&rsquo;s assessment of the severity and duration of the impairment, and qualitative
    and quantitative analysis of the operating performance of the investee; adverse changes in market conditions and the regulatory
    or economic environment; changes in operating structure or management of the investee; additional funding requirements; and
    the investee&rsquo;s ability to remain in business. A series of operating losses of an investee or other factors may indicate
    that a decrease in value of the investment has occurred that is other than temporary and that shall be recognized even though
    the decrease in value is in excess of what would otherwise be recognized by application of the equity method. A loss in value
    of an investment that is other than a temporary decline shall be recognized. Evidence of a loss in value might include, but
    would not necessarily be limited to, absence of an ability to recover the carrying amount of the investment or inability of
    the investee to sustain an earnings capacity that would justify the carrying amount of the investment. The Company records
    other-than-temporary impairments for non-marketable cost method investments and equity method investments in gains (losses)
    on equity investments. Other-than-temporary impairments of equity investments were $0 for the three months ended March 31,
    2019 and 2018, respectively.</FONT></TD></TR>
</TABLE>
<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><U>Goodwill</U></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
Company evaluates goodwill for impairment annually or more frequently when an event occurs or circumstances change that indicate
the carrying value may not be recoverable. In testing goodwill for impairment, the Company may elect to utilize a qualitative
assessment to evaluate whether it is more likely than not that the fair value of a reporting unit is less than its carrying amount.
If the qualitative assessment indicates that goodwill impairment is more likely than not, the Company performs a two-step impairment
test. The Company tests goodwill for impairment under the two-step impairment test by first comparing the book value of net assets
to the fair value of the reporting units. If the fair value is determined to be less than the book value or qualitative factors
indicate that it is more likely than not that goodwill is impaired, a second step is performed to compute the amount of impairment
as the difference between the estimated fair value of goodwill and the carrying value. The Company estimates the fair value of
the reporting units using discounted cash flows. Forecasts of future cash flows are based on our best estimate of future net sales
and operating expenses, based primarily on expected category expansion, pricing, market segment share, and general economic conditions.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
Company completed the required testing of goodwill for impairment at the closing of Merger of BioKey on February 8, 2019, and
determined that goodwill was impaired because of the current financial condition of the Company and the Company&rsquo;s inability
to generate future operating income without substantial sales volume increases, which are highly uncertain. Furthermore, the Company
anticipates future cash flows indicate that the recoverability of goodwill is not reasonably assured.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><U>Research
and Development Expenses</U></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
Company accounts for the cost of using licensing rights in research and development cost according to ASC Topic 730-10-25-1. This
guidance provides that absent alternative future uses the acquisition of product rights to be used in research and development
activities must be charged to research and development expenses when incurred.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">For
CDMO business unit, the Company accounts for R&amp;D costs in accordance with Accounting Standards Codification (&ldquo;ASC&rdquo;)
730, Research and Development (&ldquo;ASC 730&rdquo;). Research and development expenses are charged to expense as incurred unless
there is an alternative future use in other research and development projects or otherwise. Research and development expenses
are comprised of costs incurred in performing research and development activities, including personnel-related costs, facilities-related
overhead, and outside contracted services including clinical trial costs, manufacturing and process development costs for both
clinical and preclinical materials, research costs, and other consulting services. Non-refundable advance payment for goods and
services that will be used in future research and development activities are expensed when the activity has been performed or
when the goods have been received rather than when the payment is made. In instances where the Company enters into agreements
with third parties to provide research and development services, costs are expensed as services are performed.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"></P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><U>Post-retirement
and post-employment benefits</U></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B><I>&nbsp;</I></B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
Company&rsquo;s subsidiaries in Taiwan adopted the government mandated defined contribution plan pursuant to the Labor Pension
Act (the &ldquo;Act&rdquo;) in Taiwan. Such labor regulations require that the rate of contribution made by an employer to the
Labor Pension Fund per month shall not be less than 6% of the worker&rsquo;s monthly salaries. Pursuant to the Act, the Company
makes monthly contribution equal to 6% of employees&rsquo; salaries to the employees&rsquo; pension fund. The Company has no legal
obligation for the benefits beyond the contributions made. The total amounts for such employee benefits, which were expensed as
incurred, were $4,424 and $5,586 for the three months ended March 31, 2019 and 2018, respectively. Other than the above, the Company
does not provide any other post-retirement or post-employment benefits.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><U>Stock-based
Compensation</U></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
Company measures expense associated with all employee stock-based compensation awards using a fair value method and recognizes
such expense in the consolidated financial statements on a straight-line basis over the requisite service period in accordance
with FASB ASC Topic 718 &ldquo;Compensation-Stock Compensation&rdquo;. Total employee stock-based compensation expenses were $0
for the three months ended March 31, 2019 and 2018.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
Company accounted for stock-based compensation to non-employees in accordance with FASB ASC Topic 718 &ldquo;Compensation-Stock
Compensation&rdquo; and FASB ASC Topic 505-50 &ldquo;Equity-Based Payments to Non-Employees&rdquo; which requires that the cost
of services received from non-employees is measured at fair value at the earlier of the performance commitment date or the date
service is completed and recognized over the period the service is provided. Total non-employee stock-based compensation expenses
were $8,550 and $5,626 for the three months ended March 31, 2019 and 2018, respectively.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><U>Beneficial
Conversion Feature</U></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B><I>&nbsp;</I></B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">From
time to time, the Company may issue convertible notes that may contain an imbedded beneficial conversion feature. A beneficial
conversion feature exists on the date a convertible note is issued when the fair value of the underlying common stock to which
the note is convertible into is in excess of the remaining unallocated proceeds of the note after first considering the allocation
of a portion of the note proceeds to the fair value of the warrants, if related warrants have been granted. The intrinsic value
of the beneficial conversion feature is recorded as a debt discount with a corresponding amount to additional paid in capital.
The debt discount is amortized to interest expense over the life of the note using the effective interest method.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><U>Income
Taxes</U></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 40.2pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
Company accounts for income taxes using the asset and liability approach which allows the recognition and measurement of deferred
tax assets to be based upon the likelihood of realization of tax benefits in future years. Under the asset and liability approach,
deferred taxes are provided for the net tax effects of temporary differences between the carrying amounts of assets and liabilities
for financial reporting purposes and the amounts used for income tax purposes. A valuation allowance is provided for deferred
tax assets if it is more likely than not these items will expire before the Company is able to realize their benefits, or future
deductibility is uncertain.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"></P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Under
ASC 740, a tax position is recognized as a benefit only if it is&nbsp;&ldquo;more likely than not&rdquo;&nbsp;that the tax position
would be sustained in a tax examination, with a tax examination being presumed to occur. The evaluation of a tax position is a
two-step process. The first step is to determine whether it is more-likely-than-not that a tax position will be sustained upon
examination, including the resolution of any related appeals or litigations based on the technical merits of that position. The
second step is to measure a tax position that meets the more-likely-than-not threshold to determine the amount of benefits recognized
in the financial statements. A tax position is measured at the largest amount of benefit that is greater than 50 percent likely
of being realized upon ultimate settlement. Tax positions that previously failed to meet the more-likely-than-not recognition
threshold should be recognized in the first subsequent period in which the threshold is met. Previously recognized tax positions
that no longer meet the more-likely-than-not criteria should be de-recognized in the first subsequent financial reporting period
in which the threshold is no longer satisfied. Penalties and interest incurred related to underpayment of income tax are classified
as income tax expense in the year incurred. No significant penalty or interest relating to income taxes has been incurred for
the three months ended March 31, 2019 and 2018. GAAP also provides guidance on de-recognition, classification, interest and penalties,
accounting in interim periods, disclosures and transition.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt; background-color: white">On
December 22, 2017, the SEC issued Staff Accounting Bulletin (&ldquo;SAB 118&rdquo;), which provides guidance on accounting for
tax effects of the Tax Act. SAB 118 provides a measurement period that should not extend beyond one year from the Tax Act enactment
date for companies to complete the accounting under ASC 740. In accordance with SAB 118, a company must reflect the income tax
effects of those aspects of the Act for which the accounting under ASC 740 is complete. To the extent that a company&rsquo;s accounting
for certain income tax effects of the Tax Act is incomplete but it is able to determine a reasonable estimate, it must record
a provisional estimate to be included in the financial statements. If a company cannot determine a provisional estimate to be
included in the financial statements, it should continue to apply ASC 740 on the basis of the provision of the tax laws that were
in effect immediately before the enactment of the Tax Act. While the Company is able to make reasonable estimates of the impact
of the reduction in corporate rate and the deemed repatriation transition tax, the final impact of the Tax Act may differ from
these estimates, due to, among other things, changes in our interpretations and assumptions, additional guidance that may be issued
by the I.R.S., and actions the Company may take. The Company is continuing to gather additional information to determine the final
impact.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><U>Valuation
of Deferred Tax Assets&nbsp;</U></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">A
valuation allowance is recorded to reduce the Company&rsquo;s deferred tax assets to the amount that is more likely than not to
be realized. In assessing the need for the valuation allowance, management considers, among other things, projections of future
taxable income and ongoing prudent and feasible tax planning strategies. If the Company determines that sufficient negative evidence
exists, then it will consider recording a valuation allowance against a portion or all of the deferred tax assets in that jurisdiction.
If, after recording a valuation allowance, the Company&rsquo;s projections of future taxable income and other positive evidence
considered in evaluating the need for a valuation allowance prove, with the benefit of hindsight, to be inaccurate, it could prove
to be more difficult to support the realization of its deferred tax assets. As a result, an additional valuation allowance could
be required, which would have an adverse impact on its effective income tax rate and results. Conversely, if, after recording
a valuation allowance, the Company determines that sufficient positive evidence exists in the jurisdiction in which the valuation
allowance was recorded, it may reverse a portion or all of the valuation allowance in that jurisdiction. In such situations, the
adjustment made to the deferred tax asset would have a favorable impact on its effective income tax rate and results in the period
such determination was made.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><U>Loss
Per Share of Common Stock</U></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
Company calculates net loss per share in accordance with ASC Topic 260, &ldquo;Earnings per Share&rdquo;. Basic loss per share
is computed by dividing the net loss by the weighted average number of common shares outstanding during the period. Diluted loss
per share is computed similar to basic loss per share except that the denominator is increased to include the number of additional
common shares that would have been outstanding if the potential common stock equivalents had been issued and if the additional
common shares were dilutive. Diluted earnings per share excludes all dilutive potential shares if their effect is anti-dilutive.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><U>Commitments
and Contingencies</U></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
Company has adopted ASC Topic 450 &ldquo;Contingencies&rdquo; subtopic 20, in determining its accruals and disclosures with respect
to loss contingencies. Accordingly, estimated losses from loss contingencies are accrued by a charge to income when information
available before financial statements are issued or are available to be issued indicates that it is probable that an assets had
been impaired or a liability had been incurred at the date of the financial statements and the amount of the loss can be reasonably
estimated. Legal expenses associated with the contingency are expensed as incurred. If a loss contingency is not probable or reasonably
estimable, disclosure of the loss contingency is made in the financial statements when it is at least reasonably possible that
a material loss could be incurred.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"></P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><U>Foreign-currency
Transactions&nbsp;</U></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">For
the Company&rsquo;s subsidiaries in Taiwan, the foreign-currency transactions are recorded in New Taiwan dollars (&ldquo;NTD&rdquo;)
at the rates of exchange in effect when the transactions occur. Gains or losses resulting from the application of different foreign
exchange rates when cash in foreign currency is converted into New Taiwan dollars, or when foreign-currency receivables or payables
are settled, are credited or charged to income in the year of conversion or settlement. On the balance sheet dates, the balances
of foreign-currency assets and liabilities are restated at the prevailing exchange rates and the resulting differences are charged
to current income except for those foreign currencies denominated investments in shares of stock where such differences are accounted
for as translation adjustments under the Statements of Stockholders&rsquo; Equity (Deficit).</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><U>Translation
Adjustment&nbsp;</U></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
accounts of the Company&rsquo;s subsidiaries in Taiwan were maintained, and their financial statements were expressed, in New
Taiwan Dollar (&ldquo;NT$&rdquo;). Such financial statements were translated into U.S. Dollars (&ldquo;$&rdquo; or &ldquo;USD&rdquo;)
in accordance ASC 830, &ldquo;Foreign Currency Matters&rdquo;, with the NT$ as the functional currency. According to the Statement,
all assets and liabilities are translated at the current exchange rate, stockholder&rsquo;s deficit are translated at the historical
rates and income statement items are translated at an average exchange rate for the period. The resulting translation adjustments
are reported under other comprehensive income (loss) as a component of stockholders&rsquo; equity (deficit).</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><U>Recent
Accounting Pronouncements</U></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">In
August 2018, the FASB issued ASU 2018-13, Fair Value Measurement (&ldquo;Topic 820&rdquo;): Disclosure Framework - Changes to
the Disclosure Requirements for Fair Value Measurement (&ldquo;ASU 2018-13&rdquo;). The ASU modifies the disclosure requirements
in Topic 820, Fair Value Measurement, by removing certain disclosure requirements related to the fair value hierarchy, modifying
existing disclosure requirements related to measurement uncertainty and adding new disclosure requirements, such as disclosing
the changes in unrealized gains and losses for the period included in other comprehensive income for recurring Level 3 fair value
measurements held at the end of the reporting period and disclosing the range and weighted average of significant unobservable
inputs used to develop Level 3 fair value measurements. This ASU is effective for public companies for annual reporting periods
and interim periods within those annual periods beginning after December 15, 2019. The Company is currently evaluating the effect,
if any, that the ASU 2018-13 will have on its consolidated financial statements.&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>3.
GOING CONCERN</B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
accompanying consolidated financial statements have been prepared assuming the Company will continue as a going concern. The Company
has incurred losses since its inception resulting in an accumulated deficit of $13,001,117 and $12,209,446 as of March 31, 2019
and December 31, 2018, respectively, and incurred net loss of $873,317 and $713,622 for the three months ended March 31, 2019
and 2018, respectively. The Company also had working capital deficiency of $10,907,973 and $10,421,310 at March 31, 2019 and December
31, 2018, respectively. The ability to continue as a going concern is dependent upon the Company generating profitable operations
in the future and/or obtaining the necessary financing to meet its obligations and repay its liabilities arising from normal business
operations when they become due. These consolidated financial statements do not include any adjustments to the recoverability
and classification of recorded asset amounts and classification of liabilities that might be necessary should the Company upon
signing of that agreement.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt; background-color: white">In
order to continue as a going concern, the Company will need, among other things, additional capital resources. Management&rsquo;s
plans to obtain such resources for the Company include&nbsp;(1) obtaining capital from the sale of its equity securities (2) short-term
and long-term borrowings from banks and third-parties, and (3) short-term borrowings from stockholders or other related party(ies)
when needed. However, management cannot provide any assurance that the Company will be successful in accomplishing any of its
plans.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt; background-color: white">The
ability of the Company to continue as a going concern is dependent upon its ability to successfully accomplish the plans described
in the preceding paragraph and eventually to secure other sources of financing and attain profitable operations.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"></P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>4.
COLLABORATIVE AGREEMENTS</B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>&nbsp;</B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B><U>Collaborative
agreements with BHK</U></B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(i)
On February 24, 2015, BioLite Taiwan and BioHopeKing Corporation (the &ldquo;BHK&rdquo;) entered into a co-development agreement,
(the &ldquo;BHK Co-Development Agreement&rdquo;), pursuant to which it is collaborative with BHK to develop and commercialize
BLI-1401-2 (Botanical Drug) Triple Negative Breast Cancer (TNBC) Combination Therapy (BLI-1401-2 Products) in Asian countries
excluding Japan for all related intellectual property rights, and has developed it for medicinal use in collaboration with outside
researchers. The development costs shall be shared 50/50 between BHK and the Company. The BHK Co-Development Agreement will remain
in effect for fifteen years from the date of first commercial sale of the Product in in Asia excluding Japan.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">On
July 27, 2016, BioLite Taiwan and BHK agreed to amend the payment terms of the milestone payment in an aggregate amount of $10
million based on the following schedule:</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<TABLE CELLSPACING="0" CELLPADDING="0" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%">
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="width: 24px; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 24px; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#9679;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Upon
    the signing of the BHK Co-Development Agreement: $1 million, or 10% of total payment</FONT></TD></TR>
</TABLE>
<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<TABLE CELLSPACING="0" CELLPADDING="0" STYLE="width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="width: 24px; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 24px; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#9679;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Upon
    the first Investigational New Drug (IND) submission and BioLite Taiwan will deliver all data to BHK according to FDA Reviewing
    requirement: $1 million, or 10% of total payment</FONT></TD></TR>
</TABLE>
<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<TABLE CELLSPACING="0" CELLPADDING="0" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%">
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="width: 24px; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 24px; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#9679;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">At
    the completion of first phase II clinical trial: $1 million, or 10% of total payment</FONT></TD></TR>
</TABLE>
<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<TABLE CELLSPACING="0" CELLPADDING="0" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%">
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="width: 24px; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 24px; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#9679;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">At
    the initiation of phase III of clinical trial research: $3 million, or 30% of total payment</FONT></TD></TR>
</TABLE>
<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<TABLE CELLSPACING="0" CELLPADDING="0" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%">
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="width: 24px; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 24px; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#9679;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Upon
    the New Drug Application (NDA) submission: $4 million, or 40% of total payment</FONT></TD></TR>
</TABLE>
<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">In
December 2015, BHK has paid a non-refundable upfront cash payment of $1 million, or 10% of $10,000,000, upon the signing of BHK
Co-Development Agreement. The Company concluded that the deliverables are considered separate units of accounting as the delivered
items have value to the customer on a standalone basis and recognized this cash receipt as collaboration revenue when all research,
technical, and development data was delivered to BHK in 2015. The receipt is for the compensation of past research efforts and
contributions made by BioLite Taiwan before this collaborative agreement was signed and it does not relate to any future commitments
made by BioLite Taiwan and BHK in this collaborative agreement. In August 2016, the Company has received the second milestone
payment of NT$31,649,000, approximately equivalent to $1 million, and recognized collaboration revenue for the year ended December
31, 2016. As of the date of this prospectus, the Company has not completed the first phase II clinical trial.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"></P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">In
addition to the milestone payments, BioLite Taiwan is entitled to receive royalty on 12% of BHK&rsquo;s net sales related to BLI-1401-2
Products. As of March 31, 2019 and December 31, 2018, the Company has not earned the royalty under the BHK Co-Development Agreement.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(ii)
On December 9, 2015, BioLite Taiwan entered into another two collaborative agreements (the &ldquo;BHK Collaborative Agreements&rdquo;),
pursuant to which it is collaborative with BHK to co-develop and commercialize BLI-1005 for &ldquo;Targeting Major Depressive
Disorder&rdquo; (BLI-1005 Products) and BLI-1006 for &ldquo;Targeting Inflammatory Bowel Disease&rdquo; (BLI-1006 Products) in
Asia excluding Japan for all related intellectual property rights, and has developed it for medicinal use in collaboration with
outside researchers. The development costs shall be shared 50/50 between BHK and the Company. The BHK Co-Development Agreement
will remain in effect for fifteen years from the date of first commercial sale of the Product in in Asia excluding Japan.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">In
2015, the Company recognized the cash receipt in a total of NT$50 million, approximately equivalent to $1.6 million, as collaboration
revenue when all research, technical, and development data was delivered to BHK. The Company concluded that the deliverables are
considered separate units of accounting as the delivered items have value to the customer on a standalone basis and recognized
this payment as collaboration revenue when all research, technical, data and development data was delivered to BHK. The cash receipt
is for the compensation of past research efforts and contributions made by BioLite Taiwan before this BHK Collaborative Agreements
was signed and it does not relate to any future commitments made by BioLite Taiwan and BHK in this BHK Collaborative Agreements.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">In
addition to the total of NT$50 million, approximately equivalent to $1.60 million, BioLite Taiwan is entitled to receive 50% of
the future net licensing income or net sales profit. As of March 31, 2019 and December 31, 2018, the Company has not earned the
royalty under the BHK Collaborative Agreements.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>&nbsp;</B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B><U>Co-Development
agreement with Rgene Corporation, a related party</U></B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">On
May 26, 2017, American BriVision Corporation entered into a co-development agreement (the &ldquo;Co-Dev Agreement&rdquo;) with
Rgene Corporation (the &ldquo;Rgene&rdquo;), a related party under common control by controlling beneficiary shareholder of YuanGene
Corporation and the Company (See Note 8). Pursuant to Co-Dev Agreement, BriVision and Rgene agreed to co-develop and commercialize
certain products that are included in the Sixth Product as defined in the Addendum. Under the terms of the Co-Dev Agreement, Rgene
should pay the Company $3,000,000 in cash or stock of Rgene with equivalent value by August 15, 2017. The payment is for the compensation
of BriVision&rsquo;s past research efforts and contributions made by BriVision before the Co-Dev Agreement was signed and it does
not relate to any future commitments made by BriVision and Rgene in this Co-Dev Agreement. Besides of $3,000,000, the Company
is entitled to receive 50% of the future net licensing income or net sales profit earned by Rgene, if any, and any development
cost shall be equally shared by both BriVision and Rgene.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">On
June 1, 2017, the Company has delivered all research, technical, data and development data to Rgene. Since both Rgene and the
Company are related parties and under common control by a controlling beneficiary shareholder of Yuangene Corporation and the
Company, the Company has recorded the full amount of $3,000,000 in connection with the Co-Dev Agreement as additional paid-in
capital during the year ended September 30, 2017. During the year ended December 31, 2017, the Company has received $450,000 in
cash. On December 24, 2018, the Company received the remaining balance of $2,550,000 in the form of newly issued shares of Rgene&rsquo;s
Common Stock, at the price of NT$50 (approximately equivalent to $1.60 per share), for an aggregate number of 1,530,000 shares,
which accounted for equity method long-term investment as of December 31, 2018. During the year ended December 31, 2018, the Company
has recognized investment loss of $549. On December 31, 2018, the Company has determined to fully write off this investment based
on the Company&rsquo;s assessment of the severity and duration of the impairment, and qualitative and quantitative analysis of
the operating performance of the investee, adverse changes in market conditions and the regulatory or economic environment, changes
in operating structure of Rgene, additional funding requirements, and Rgene&rsquo;s ability to remain in business. However, all
projects that have been initiated and scheduled will be continuously managed and supported by the Company and Rgene.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B><U>Collaborative
agreement with BioFirst Corporation, a related party</U></B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">On
July 24, 2017, American BriVision Corporation entered into a collaborative agreement (the &ldquo;BioFirst Collaborative Agreement&rdquo;)
with BioFirst Corporation (&ldquo;BioFirst&rdquo;), pursuant to which BioFirst granted the Company the global licensing right
for medical use of the product (the &ldquo;Product&rdquo;): BFC-1401 Vitreous Substitute for Vitrectomy. BioFirst is a related
party to the Company because a controlling beneficiary shareholder of Yuangene Corporation and the Company is one of the directors
and Common Stock shareholders of BioFirst (See Note 11).</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Pursuant
to the BioFirst Collaborative Agreement, the Company will co-develop and commercialize the Product with BioFirst and pay BioFirst
in a total amount of $3,000,000 in cash or stock of the Company before September 30, 2018. The amount of $3,000,000 is in connection
with the compensation for BioFirst&rsquo;s past research efforts and contributions made by BioFirst before the BioFirst Collaborative
Agreement was signed and it does not relate to any future commitments made by BioFirst and BriVision in this BioFirst Collaborative
Agreement. In addition, the Company is entitled to receive 50% of the future net licensing income or net sales profit, if any,
and any development cost shall be equally shared by both BriVision and BioFirst.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">On
September 25, 2017, BioFirst has delivered all research, technical data and development data to BriVision. No payment has been
made by the Company as of the date of this prospectus. The Company determined to fully expense the entire amount of $3,000,000
since currently the related licensing rights do not have alternative future uses. According to ASC 730-10-25-1, absent alternative
future uses the acquisition of product rights to be used in research and development activities must be charged to research and
development expenses immediately. Hence, the entire amount of $3,000,000 is fully expensed as research and development expense
during the year ended September 30, 2017.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"></P>

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    <DIV STYLE="page-break-before: always; margin-top: 6pt; margin-bottom: 12pt"><P STYLE="margin: 0pt">&nbsp;</P></DIV>
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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>5.
INVENTORY</B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Inventory
consists of the following:</FONT></P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid">Mar&nbsp;31,<BR>
    2019</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid">December&nbsp;31,<BR>
    2018</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center">(Unaudited)</TD><TD STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="width: 76%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Merchandise</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">$</TD><TD STYLE="width: 9%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">521</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">$</TD><TD STYLE="width: 9%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">1,318</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">Finished goods</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">91,891</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">100,736</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Work-in-process</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">20,057</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">20,243</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">Raw materials</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">56,171</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">56,691</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">Allowance for inventory valuation
    and obsolescence loss</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">(168,119</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">)</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">(177,670</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">)</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; padding-bottom: 4pt">Inventory, net</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 4pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">$</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">521</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 4pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 4pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">$</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">1,318</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 4pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
</TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>6.
PROPERTY AND EQUIPMENT</B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Property
and equipment as of March 31, 2019 and December 31, 2018 are summarized as follows:</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid">March&nbsp;31,<BR>
    2019</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid">December&nbsp;31,&nbsp;<BR>
    2018</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(UNAUDITED)</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="width: 76%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify">Land</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">$</TD><TD STYLE="width: 9%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">360,081</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">$</TD><TD STYLE="width: 9%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">363,416</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify">Buildings and leasehold improvements</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">2,115,155</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">290,403</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify">Machinery and equipment</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">1,236,493</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">87,356</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">Office equipment</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">27,178</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">21,292</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-left: 9pt">Subtotal</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">3,738,907</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">762,467</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">Less: accumulated depreciation</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">(3,191,387</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">)</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">(252,401</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">)</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; padding-bottom: 4pt">Property and equipment,
    net</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 4pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">$</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">547,520</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 4pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 4pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">$</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">510,066</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 4pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
</TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Depreciation
expenses were $13,940 and $11,420 for the three months ended March 31, 2019 and 2018, respectively.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>7.
LONG-TERM INVESTMENTS</B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0; text-align: center; margin-bottom: 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>&nbsp;</B></FONT></P>

<TABLE CELLSPACING="0" CELLPADDING="0" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%">
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">

    <TD STYLE="width: 24px; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(1)</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
    ownership percentages of each investee are listed as follows:</FONT></TD></TR>
</TABLE>
<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<TABLE CELLSPACING="0" CELLPADDING="0" STYLE="width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-collapse: collapse">
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: center; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="6" STYLE="border-bottom: black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>Ownership
    percentage</B></FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: center; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="text-align: center; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>March&nbsp;31,</B></FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="text-align: center; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>December&nbsp;31,</B></FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: center; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>Accounting</B></FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>Name
    of related party</B></FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="border-bottom: black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>2019</B></FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="border-bottom: black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>2018</B></FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>treatment</B></FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="width: 63%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Braingenesis
    Biotechnology Co., Ltd.</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 9%; text-align: right; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">0.17</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">%</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 8%; text-align: right; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">0.17</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">%</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 13%; text-align: center; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Cost
    Method</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: white; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Genepharm
    Biotech Corporation</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: right; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">0.72</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">%</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: right; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">0.72</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">%</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: center; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Cost
    Method</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">BioHopeKing
    Corporation</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: right; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">7.13</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">%</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: right; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">7.13</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">%</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: center; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Cost
    Method</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: white; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">BioFirst
    Corporation</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: right; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">16.14</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">%</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: right; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">15.84</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">%</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: center; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Equity
    Method</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Rgene</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: right; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">31.63</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">%</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: right; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">31.62</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">%</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: center; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Equity
    Method</FONT></TD></TR>
</TABLE>
<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<TABLE CELLSPACING="0" CELLPADDING="0" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%">
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">

    <TD STYLE="width: 24px; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(2)</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
    extent the investee relies on the company for its business are summarized as follows:</FONT></TD></TR>
</TABLE>
<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<TABLE CELLSPACING="0" CELLPADDING="0" STYLE="width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-collapse: collapse">
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="white-space: nowrap; width: 30%; border-bottom: black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>Name
    of related party</B></FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 69%; border-bottom: black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>The
    extent the investee relies on the Company for its business</B></FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="background-color: #CCEEFF; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="white-space: nowrap; vertical-align: bottom; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Braingenesis
    Biotechnology Co., Ltd.</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="white-space: nowrap; vertical-align: bottom; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">No
    specific business relationship</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="background-color: white; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="white-space: nowrap; vertical-align: bottom; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Genepharm
    Biotech Corporation</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="white-space: nowrap; vertical-align: bottom; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">No
    specific business relationship</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="background-color: #CCEEFF; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="white-space: nowrap; vertical-align: bottom; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">BioHopeKing
    Corporation</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="white-space: nowrap; vertical-align: bottom; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Collaborating
    with the Company to develop and commercialize drugs</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="background-color: white; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="white-space: nowrap; vertical-align: bottom; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">BioFirst
    Corporation</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="white-space: nowrap; vertical-align: bottom; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Loaned
    from the investee and provides research and development support service</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="background-color: #CCEEFF; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="white-space: nowrap; vertical-align: bottom; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Rgene</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="white-space: nowrap; vertical-align: bottom; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Collaborating
    with the Company to develop and commercialize drugs</FONT></TD></TR>
</TABLE>
<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"></P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<TABLE CELLSPACING="0" CELLPADDING="0" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%">
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">

    <TD STYLE="width: 24px; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(3)</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Long-term
    investment mainly consists of the following:</FONT></TD></TR>
</TABLE>
<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<TABLE CELLSPACING="0" CELLPADDING="0" STYLE="width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-collapse: collapse">
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="border-bottom: black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>March&nbsp;31,</B></FONT><BR>
    <FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>2019</B></FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="border-bottom: black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>December&nbsp;31,</B></FONT><BR>
    <FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>2018</B></FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="text-align: center; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>(Unaudited)</B></FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Non-marketable
    Cost Method Investments, net</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="width: 76%; padding-left: 9pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Braingenesis
    Biotechnology Co., Ltd.</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">$</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 9%; text-align: right; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">7,147</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">$</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 9%; text-align: right; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">7,213</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: white; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="padding-left: 9pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Genepharm
    Biotech Corporation</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: right; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">21,819</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: right; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">22,021</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="padding-left: 9pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">BioHopeKing
    Corporation</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">1,938,480</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">1,956,429</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: white; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="padding-left: 0.25in; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Sub
    total</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">1,967,446</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">1,985,663</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Equity
    Method Investments, net</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: right; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: right; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: white; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="padding-left: 9pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">BioFirst
    Corporation</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: right; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">1,440,317</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: right; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">1,502,506</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="padding-left: 9pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Rgene
    Corporation</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">-</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">-</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: white; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="padding-left: 0.25in; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Total</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: black 4.5pt double; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">$</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: black 4.5pt double; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">3,407,763</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: black 4.5pt double; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">$</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: black 4.5pt double; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">3,488,169</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD></TR>
</TABLE>
<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<TABLE CELLSPACING="0" CELLPADDING="0" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%">
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">

    <TD STYLE="width: 24px; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(a)</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">BioFirst
    Corporation (the &ldquo;BioFirst):</FONT></TD></TR>
</TABLE>
<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 0 0.25in; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
Company holds an equity interest in BioFirst Corporation, (the &ldquo;BioFirst&rdquo;), accounting for its equity interest using
the equity method to accounts for its equity investment as prescribed in ASC 323, Investments&mdash;Equity Method and Joint Ventures
(&ldquo;ASC 323&rdquo;). Equity method adjustments include the Company&rsquo;s proportionate share of investee&rsquo;s income
or loss and other adjustments required by the equity method. As of March 31, 2019 and December 31, 2018, the Company owns 16.14%
and 15.84% common stock shares of BioFirst, respectively.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Summarized
financial information for the Company&rsquo;s equity method investee, BioFirst, is as follows:</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><I>Balance
Sheet</I></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid">March
    31,<BR> 2019</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid">December&nbsp;31,<BR>
    2018</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center">(Unaudited)</TD><TD STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="width: 76%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">Current Assets</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">$</TD><TD STYLE="width: 9%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">7,324,390</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">$</TD><TD STYLE="width: 9%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">7,551,898</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">Noncurrent Assets</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">1,639,340</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">1,608,460</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">Current Liabilities</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">1,805,325</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">1,648,206</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">Noncurrent Liabilities</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">36,502</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">-</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">Shareholders&rsquo; Equity</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">7,121,903</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">7,512,152</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
</TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><I>Statement
of operation</I></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="6" STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid">Three
    Months Ended<BR> March&nbsp;31,</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid">2019</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid">2018</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="6" STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center">(Unaudited)</TD><TD STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="width: 76%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">Net sales</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">$</TD><TD STYLE="width: 9%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">10,334</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">$</TD><TD STYLE="width: 9%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">10,022</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">Gross profit</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">1,882</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">2,372</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">Net loss</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">(307,034</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">)</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">(178,294</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">)</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">Share of losses from investments accounted for using
    the equity method</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">(66,205</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">)</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">(38,567</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">)</TD></TR>
</TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"></P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<TABLE CELLSPACING="0" CELLPADDING="0" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%">
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">

    <TD STYLE="width: 24px; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(b)</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Rgene
    Corporation (the &ldquo;Rgene&rdquo;)</FONT></TD></TR>
</TABLE>
<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 0 0.25in; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Both
Rgene and the Company are under common control by Dr. Tsung-Shann Jiang, the CEO and chairman of the Company. Since Dr. Tsung-Shann
Jiang is able to exercise significant influence, but not control, over the Rgene, the Company determined to use the equity method
to accounts for its equity investment as prescribed in ASC 323, Investments&mdash;Equity Method and Joint Ventures (&ldquo;ASC
323&rdquo;). Equity method adjustments include the Company&rsquo;s proportionate share of investee&rsquo;s income or loss and
other adjustments required by the equity method. As of March 31, 2019 and December 31, 2018, the Company owns 31.63% and 31.62%
Common Stock shares of Rgene, respectively.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 0 0.25in; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 0 0.25in; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Summarized
financial information for the Company&rsquo;s equity method investee, Rgene, is as follows:</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 0 0.25in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 0 0.25in; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><I>Balance
Sheets</I></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid">March&nbsp;31,<BR>
    2019</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid">December&nbsp;31,<BR>
    2018</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">(Unaudited)</TD><TD STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="width: 76%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">Current Assets</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">$</TD><TD STYLE="width: 9%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">94,305</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">$</TD><TD STYLE="width: 9%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">98,168</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">Noncurrent Assets</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">39,541</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">14,779</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">Current Liabilities</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">292,588</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">261,685</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">Noncurrent Liabilities</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">11,424</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">-</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">Shareholders&rsquo; Equity (Deficit)</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">(170,166</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">)</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">(148,738</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">)</TD></TR>
</TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 0 0.25in; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><I>Statement
of operations</I></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 0 0.25in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="6" STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid">Three
    Months Ended&nbsp;<BR> March&nbsp;31,</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid">2019</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid">2018</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="6" STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center">(Unaudited)</TD><TD STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">Net sales</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">$</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">-</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">$</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">-</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">Gross Profit</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">-</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">-</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="width: 76%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">Net loss</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="width: 9%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">(22,662</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">)</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="width: 9%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">(36,041</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">)</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">Share of loss from investments accounted for using
    the equity method</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">-</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">-</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
</TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<TABLE CELLSPACING="0" CELLPADDING="0" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%">
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">

    <TD STYLE="width: 24px; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(4)</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Disposition
    of long-term investment</FONT></TD></TR>
</TABLE>
<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 0 0.25in; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">During
the year ended December 31, 2018, the Company sold 552,000 shares of common stock of BioHopeKing Corporation (the &ldquo;BHK&rdquo;)
at prices ranging from NT$25, equivalent $0.82, to NT$32, equivalent $1.05, to two directors of BHK and 25 individuals. As a result
of the transactions, the Company recognized investment loss of $395,476 for the same period.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 0 0.25in; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 0 0.25in; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">On
October 15, 2018 and November 2, 2018, the Company subsequently purchased an aggregate of 200,000 and 366,200 shares of common
stock of BHK at NT$10, equivalent to $0.33, and NT$50, equivalent $1.64, from one of directors of BHK and eleven shareholders
of BHK, respectively. The percentage of ownership accordingly increased to 7.13% as of March 31, 2019 and December 31, 2018.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<TABLE CELLSPACING="0" CELLPADDING="0" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%">
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">

    <TD STYLE="width: 24px; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(5)</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Losses
    on Equity Investments</FONT></TD></TR>
</TABLE>
<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
components of losses on equity investments for each period were as follows:</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="6" STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid">Three
    Months Ended&nbsp;<BR> Mar&nbsp;31,</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid">2019</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid">2018</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="6" STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center">(Unaudited)</TD><TD STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="width: 76%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">Share of equity method investee losses</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">$</TD><TD STYLE="width: 9%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">(66,205</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">)</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">$</TD><TD STYLE="width: 9%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">(38,567</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">)</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">Impairments</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">-</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">-</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; padding-bottom: 4pt; padding-left: 9pt">Total losses
    on equity investments</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 4pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">$</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">(66,205</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 4pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">)</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 4pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">$</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">(38,567</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 4pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">)</TD></TR>
</TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"></P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>8.
CONVERTIBLE NOTES PAYABLE</B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">On
May 9, 2018, the Company issued an eighteen-month term unsecured convertible promissory note (the &ldquo;Yu and Wei Note&rdquo;)
in an aggregate principal amount of $300,000 to Guoliang Yu and Yingfei Wei Family Trust (the &ldquo;Yu and Wei&rdquo;), pursuant
to which the Company received $300,000. The Yu and Wei Note bears interest at 8% per annum. The Company shall pay to the Yu and
Wei an amount in cash representing all outstanding principal and accrued and unpaid interest on the Eighteenth (18) month anniversary
of the issuance date of the Yu and Wei Note, which is on November 8, 2019. In the event that the Company raises gross proceeds
from the sale of its common stock of at least $5,000,000 (an &ldquo;Equity Offering&rdquo;) then within five days of the closing
for such offering, the Company must repay the outstanding amount of this Yu and Wei Note. At any time from the date hereof until
this Yu and Wei Note has been satisfied, the Yu and Wei may convert the unpaid and outstanding principal plus any accrued and
unpaid interest and or default interest, if any, into shares of the Company&rsquo;s common stock at a conversion price (the &ldquo;Conversion
Price&rdquo;) equal to the lower of (i) $2.00 per share (the &ldquo;Fixed Conversion Price&rdquo;), subject to adjustment or (ii)
80% of the per share offering price (the &ldquo;Alternative Conversion Price&rdquo;) of any completed equity offering of the Company
in an amount exceeding $500,000 that occurs when any part of the Yu and Wei Note is outstanding, subject to adjustments set forth
in the Yu and Wei Note. In accordance with FASB ASC 470-20, the Company recognized none of the intrinsic value of embedded beneficial
conversion feature present in the Yu and Wei Note as of March 31, 2019.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">On
June 27, 2018, the Company issued an eighteen-month term unsecured convertible promissory note (the &ldquo;Keypoint Note&rdquo;)
in the aggregate principal amount of $250,000 to Keypoint Technology Ltd. (&ldquo;Keypoint&rdquo;), a related party, pursuant
to which the Company received $250,000. The Keypoint Note bears interest at 8% per annum. The Company shall pay to the Keypoint
an amount in cash representing all outstanding principal and accrued and unpaid interest on the Eighteenth (18) month anniversary
of the issuance date of the Keypoint Note, which is on December 26, 2019. In the event that the Company raises gross proceeds
from the sale of its common stock of at least $5,000,000 (an &ldquo;Equity Offering&rdquo;) then within five days of the closing
for such offering, the Company must repay the outstanding amount of this Keypoint Note. At any time from the date hereof until
this Keypoint Note has been satisfied, Keypoint may convert the unpaid and outstanding principal plus any accrued and unpaid interest
and or default interest, if any, into shares of the Company&rsquo;s common stock at a conversion price (the &ldquo;Conversion
Price&rdquo;) equal to the lower of (i) $2.00 per share (the &ldquo;Fixed Conversion Price&rdquo;), subject to adjustment or (ii)
80% of the per share offering price (the &ldquo;Alternative Conversion Price&rdquo;) of any completed equity offering of the Company
in an amount exceeding $500,000 that occurs when any part of the Keypoint Note is outstanding, subject to adjustments set forth
in the Keypoint Note. In accordance with FASB ASC 470-20, the Company recognized none of the intrinsic value of embedded beneficial
conversion feature present in the Keypoint Note as of March 31, 2019.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">On
August 25, 2018, the Company issued an eighteen-month term unsecured convertible promissory note (the &ldquo;Odaira Note&rdquo;)
in the aggregate principal amount of $250,000 to the Company&rsquo;s director, Yoshinobu Odaira. (&ldquo;Odaira), pursuant to
which the Company received $250,000 on November 29, 2018. The Odaira Note bears interest at 8% per annum. The Company shall pay
to the Odaira an amount in cash representing all outstanding principal and accrued and unpaid interest on the Eighteenth (18)
month anniversary of the issuance date of the Odaira Note, which is on February 24, 2020. In the event that the Company raises
gross proceeds from the sale of its common stock of at least $5,000,000 (an &ldquo;Equity Offering&rdquo;) then within five days
of the closing for such offering, the Company must repay the outstanding amount of this Odaira Note. At any time from the date
hereof until this Odaira Note has been satisfied, Odaira may convert the unpaid and outstanding principal plus any accrued and
unpaid interest and or default interest, if any, into shares of the Company&rsquo;s common stock at a conversion price (the &ldquo;Conversion
Price&rdquo;) equal to the lower of (i) $2.00 per share (the &ldquo;Fixed Conversion Price&rdquo;), subject to adjustment or (ii)
80% of the per share offering price (the &ldquo;Alternative Conversion Price&rdquo;) of any completed equity offering of the Company
in an amount exceeding $500,000 that occurs when any part of the Odaira Note is outstanding, subject to adjustments set forth
in the Odaira Note. In accordance with FASB ASC 470-20, the Company recognized none of the intrinsic value of embedded beneficial
conversion feature present in the Odaira Note as of March 31, 2019.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">As
of March 31, 2019 and December 31, 2018, the aggregate carrying values of the convertible debentures were $800,000 and accrued
convertible interest was $43,467 and $27,467, respectively.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Total
interest expenses in connection with the above convertible notes payable were $16,000 and $0 for the three months ended March
31 2019 and 2018, respectively.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"></P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<TABLE CELLSPACING="0" CELLPADDING="0" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%">
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">

    <TD STYLE="width: 24px; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>9.</B></FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>BANK
    LOANS</B></FONT></TD></TR>
</TABLE>
<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<TABLE CELLSPACING="0" CELLPADDING="0" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%">
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">

    <TD STYLE="width: 24px; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(1)</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Short-term
    bank loan consists of the following:</FONT></TD></TR>
</TABLE>
<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<TABLE CELLSPACING="0" CELLPADDING="0" STYLE="width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-collapse: collapse">
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="text-align: center; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>March&nbsp;31,</B></FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="text-align: center; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>December&nbsp;31,</B></FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="border-bottom: black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>2019</B></FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="border-bottom: black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>2018</B></FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="width: 77%; text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Cathay
    United Bank</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">$</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 9%; text-align: right; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">243,000</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">$</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 8%; text-align: right; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">245,250</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: white; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">CTBC
    Bank</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: right; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">648,000</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: right; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">654,000</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Cathay
    Bnak</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">1,000,000</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">-</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: white; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Total</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: black 4.5pt double; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">$</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: black 4.5pt double; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">1,891,000</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: black 4.5pt double; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">$</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: black 4.5pt double; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">899,250</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD></TR>
</TABLE>
<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>&nbsp;</B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><U>Cathay
United Bank</U></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">On
June 28, 2016, BioLite Taiwan and Cathay United Bank entered into a one-year bank loan agreement (the &ldquo;Cathay United Loan
Agreement&rdquo;) in an amount of NT$7,500,000, equivalent to $243,000. The term started June 28, 2016 with maturity date at June
28, 2017. The loan balance bears interest at a floating rate of prime rate plus 1.15%. The prime rate is based on term deposit
saving interest rate of Cathay United Bank. On September 6, 2017, BioLite Taiwan extended the Cathay United Loan Agreement for
one year, which was due on September 6, 2018, with the principal amount of NT$7,500,000, equivalent to $243,000. On October 1,
2018, BioLite Taiwan extended the Cathay United Loan Agreement with the same principal amount of NT$7,500,000, equivalent to $243,0050
for one year, which is due on September 6, 2019. As of March 31, 2019 and December 31, 2018, the effective interest rates per
annum were 2.22%. The loan is collateralized by the building and improvement of BioLite Taiwan, and is also personal guaranteed
by the chairman of BioLite Taiwan.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Interest
expenses were $1,330 and $1,402 for the three months ended March 31, 2019 and 2018, respectively.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><U>CTBC
Bank</U></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">On
June 12, 2017 and July 19, 2017, BioLite Taiwan and CTBC Bank entered into short-term saving secured bank loan agreements (the
&ldquo;CTBC Loan Agreements&rdquo;) in an amount of NT$10,000,000, equivalent to $324,000, and NT$10,000,000, equivalent to $324,000,
respectively. Both two loans with the same maturity date at January 19, 2018. In February 2018, BioLite Taiwan combined two loans
and extended the loan contract with CTBC for one year. On January 18, 2019, BioLite Taiwan and CTBC Bank agreed to extend the
loan with a new maturity date, which is July 18, 2019. The loan balances bear interest at a fixed rate of 1.63% per annum. The
loan is secured by the money deposited in a savings account with the CTBC Bank. This loan is also personal guaranteed by the chairman
of BioLite Taiwan and BioFirst.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Interest
expenses were $2,604 and $2,736 for the three months ended March 31, 2019 and 2018, respectively.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><U>Cathay
Bank</U></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">During
the three months ended March 31, 2019, the Company received a loan in aggregate of $1,000,000 from Cathay Bank (the &ldquo;Bank&rdquo;)
pursuant to a business loan agreement (the &ldquo;Cathay Loan Agreement&rdquo;) entered by and between the Company and Bank on
January 8, 2019 and a promissory note (the &ldquo;Note&rdquo;) executed by the Company on the same day. The Cathay Loan Agreement
provides for a revolving line of credit in the principal amount of $1,000,000 with a maturity date (the &ldquo;Maturity Date&rdquo;)
of January 1, 2020. The Note executed in connection with the Cathay Loan Agreement bears an interest rate (the &ldquo;Regular
Interest Rate&rdquo;) equal to the sum of one percent (1%) and the prime rate as published in the Wall Street Journal (the &ldquo;Index&rdquo;)
and the accrued interest shall become payable each month from February 1, 2019. Pursuant to the Note, the Company shall pay the
entire outstanding principal plus accrued unpaid interest on the Maturity Date and may prepay portion or all of the Note before
the Maturity Date without penalty. If the Company defaults on the Note, the default interest rate shall become five percent (5%)
plus the Regular Interest Rate.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"></P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">In
connection with the Note and Cathay Loan Agreement, on January 8, 2019, each of Dr. Tsung Shann Jiang and Dr. George Lee, executed
a commercial guaranty (the &ldquo;Guaranty&rdquo;) to guaranty the loans for the Company pursuant to the Cathay Loan Agreement
and Note, severally and individually, in the amount not exceeding $500,000 each until the entire Note plus interest are fully
paid and satisfied. Dr. Tsung Shann Jiang is the Chairman and Chief Executive Officer of BioLite Holding, Inc. and Dr. George
Lee serves as the Chairman of the board of directors of BioKey, Inc, which became a wholly-owned subsidiaries of the Company effective
by operation of law on or about February 5, 2019.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">In
addition, on January 8, 2019, each of the Company and BriVision, a wholly-owned subsidiary of the Company, signed a commercial
security agreement (the &ldquo;Cathay Security Agreement&rdquo;) to secure the loans under the Cathay Loan Agreement and the Note.
Pursuant to the Cathay Security Agreements, each of the Company and BriVision (each, a &ldquo;Grantor&rdquo;, and collectively,
the &ldquo;Grantors&rdquo;) granted security interest in the collaterals as defined therein, comprised of almost all of the assets
of each Grantor, to secure such loans for the benefit of the Bank.&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Interest
expenses were $9,527 and $0 for the three months ended March 31, 2019 and 2018, respectively.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>&nbsp;</B></FONT></P>

<TABLE CELLSPACING="0" CELLPADDING="0" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%">
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="width: 24px; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(2)</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Long-term
    bank loan consists of the following:</FONT></TD></TR>
</TABLE>
<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center">March&nbsp;31,</TD><TD STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center">December&nbsp;31,</TD><TD STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid">2019</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid">2018</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="width: 76%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify">Cathay United Bank</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">$</TD><TD STYLE="width: 9%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">45,076</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">$</TD><TD STYLE="width: 9%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">55,092</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">Less: current portion
    of long-term bank loan</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">(39,688</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">)</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">(39,835</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">)</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; padding-bottom: 4pt">Total</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 4pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">$</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">5,388</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 4pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 4pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">$</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">15,257</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 4pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
</TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">On
April 30, 2010, BioLite Taiwan entered into a seven-year bank loan of NT$8,900,000, equivalent to $288,360, with Cathay United
Bank. The term started April 30, 2010 with maturity date at April 30, 2017. On April 30, 2017, BioLite Taiwan extended the original
loan agreement for additional three years with the new maturity date at April 30, 2020. The loan balance bears interest at a floating
rate of prime rate plus variable rates from 0.77% to 1.17%. The prime rate is based on term deposit saving interest rate of Cathay
United Bank. As of March 31, 2019 and December 31, 2018, the actual interest rates per annum were 2.24%. The loan is collateralized
by the building and improvement of BioLite Taiwan, and is also personal guaranteed by the chairman of BioLite Taiwan.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Interest
expenses were $284 and $680 for the three months ended March 31, 2019 and 2018, respectively.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>&nbsp;</B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>NOTE
10. NOTES PAYABLE</B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>&nbsp;</B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">On
November 27, 2017, BioLite Taiwan and Cheng-Chi International Co., Ltd., a Taiwanese company, entered into a promissory note for
borrowing an aggregate amount of NT$6,000,000, equivalent to $196,200, for the period from November 27, 2017 to January 11, 2018.
The principal of promissory note bears interest at 12% per annum. This promissory note is secured by 700,000 Common Stock shares
of ABVC and is also personal guaranteed by the Company&rsquo;s chairman. On January 11, 2018, the principal and accrued interest
totaling NT$6,090,000, equivalent to $199,143, has been paid in full.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">On
March 27, 2018, BioLite Taiwan and two individuals entered into a promissory note, (the &ldquo;Hsu and Chow Promissory Note&rdquo;),
for borrowing an aggregate amount of NT$4,660,000, equivalent to $152,382, for the period from March 27, 2018 to June 26, 2018.
On September 26, 2018, the company extended the original loan agreement through December 26, 2018. As of the date of this prospectus,
BioLite Taiwan and Hsu and Chow are still negotiating to extend this promissory note. The principal of the Hsu and Chow Promissory
Note bears interest at 13.6224% per annum. This Hsu and Chow Promissory Note was secured by common stock shares of ABVC and was
also personal guaranteed by the Company&rsquo;s chairman. Interest expense was $5,085 and $1,807 for the three months ended March
31, 2019 and 2018, respectively.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"></P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">As
of March 31, 2019, BioLite Taiwan also entered various unsecured loan agreements bearing interest at fixed rates between 12% and
13.6224% per annum with three individuals to advance in aggregate of NT$10,750,000, equivalent to $348,300, for working capital
purpose. The term of the loan varies from one month to three months with various maturity dates through May 25, 2018. As of the
date of this prospectus, BioLite Taiwan is still in discussion with the three individuals with respect to the terms of extension
for the unsecured loans. Interest expense was $10,768 and $8,834 for the three months ended March 31, 2019 and 2018, respectively.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">On
December 27, 2018, BioLite Taiwan issued a promissory note of NT$450,000, equivalent to $14,715, to Taipei Veterans General Hospital
to repay the clinical experiment costs. The note has been paid in full on January 2, 2019.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>11.
RELATED PARTIES TRANSACTIONS</B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
related parties of the company with whom transactions are reported in these financial statements are as follows:</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<TABLE CELLSPACING="0" CELLPADDING="0" STYLE="width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-collapse: collapse">
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="width: 51%; border-bottom: black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>Name
    of entity or Individual</B></FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 48%; border-bottom: black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>Relationship
    with the Company and its subsidiaries</B></FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">BioFirst
    Corporation (the &ldquo;BioFirst&rdquo;)</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Entity
    controlled by controlling beneficiary shareholder of Yuangene</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">BioFirst
    (Australia) Pty Ltd. (the &ldquo;BioFirst (Australia)&rdquo;)</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">100%
    owned by BioFirst; Entity controlled by controlling beneficiary shareholder of YuanGene</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Lion
    Arts Promotion Inc. (the &ldquo;LION&rdquo;)</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Controlling
    shareholder of BioLite Inc.</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">LionGene
    Corporation (the &ldquo;LionGene&rdquo;)</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Shareholder
    of the Company; entity controlled by controlling beneficiary shareholder of YuanGene</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Rgene
    Corporation (the &ldquo;Rgene&rdquo;)</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Shareholder
    of the Company; entity controlled by controlling beneficiary shareholder of Yuangene</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Yuangene
    Corporation (the &ldquo;Yuangene&rdquo;)</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Controlling
    beneficiary shareholder of the Company</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">AsianGene
    Corporation (the &ldquo;AsianGene&rdquo;)</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Shareholder;
    entity controlled by controlling beneficiary shareholder of Yuangene</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Keypoint
    Technology Ltd. (the &ldquo;Keypoint&rsquo;)</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
    Chairman of Keypoint is Eugene Jiang&rsquo;s mother.</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Yoshinobu
    Odaira (the &ldquo;Odaira&rdquo;)</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Director
    of the Company</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">GenePharm
    Inc. (the &ldquo;GenePharm&rdquo;)</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Mr.
    George Lee, the Director and Chairman of Biokey, is the Chairman of Genepharm.</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Mr.
    Tsung-Shann Jiang, Ms. Shu-Ling Jiang and Mr. Eugene Jiang (the &ldquo;Jiangs&rdquo;)</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Mr.
                                         Tsung-Shann Jiang, the controlling beneficiary shareholder of the Company and Rgene,
                                         the chairman and CEO of the BioLite Inc. and the President and a member of board of directors
                                         of BioFirst,</FONT></P>
        <P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Ms.
        Shu-Ling Jiang, Mr. Tsung-Shann Jiang&rsquo;s wife, is a member of board of directors of the Company and the chairman
        of LION and BioFirst.</FONT></P>
        <P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Mr.
        Eugene Jiang is Mr. and Ms. Jiang&rsquo;s son. Mr. Eugene Jiang is the chairman, and majority shareholder of the Company
        and a member of board of directors of BioLite Inc.</FONT></P></TD></TR>
</TABLE>
<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>&nbsp;</B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><U>Accounts
receivable &ndash; related parties&nbsp;</U></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Accounts
receivable due from related parties consisted of the following as of the periods indicated:</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center">March 31,</TD><TD STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center">December&nbsp;31,</TD><TD STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid">2019</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid">2018</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="width: 76%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">GenePharm Inc.</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 1%; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">$</TD><TD STYLE="width: 9%; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">142,265</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 1%; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">$</TD><TD STYLE="width: 9%; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;-</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 4pt; padding-left: 9pt">Total</TD><TD STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 4pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">$</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">142,265</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 4pt; font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 4pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">$</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">-</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 4pt; font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
</TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>&nbsp;</B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><U>Due
from related parties</U></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Amount
due from related parties consisted of the following as of the periods indicated:</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center">March 31,</TD><TD STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center">December&nbsp;31,</TD><TD STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid">2019</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid">2018</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="width: 76%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">Rgene Corporation</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">$</TD><TD STYLE="width: 9%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">17,550</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">$</TD><TD STYLE="width: 9%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">19,477</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">BioFirst (Australia)</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">$</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">40,675</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">$</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">40,000</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 4pt; padding-left: 9pt">Total</TD><TD STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 4pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">$</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">58,225</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 4pt; font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 4pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">$</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">59,477</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 4pt; font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
</TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"></P>

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    <DIV STYLE="margin-top: 12pt; margin-bottom: 6pt; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid"><P STYLE="margin-top: 0pt; text-align: center; margin-bottom: 0pt">F-<!-- Field: Sequence; Type: Arabic; Name: PageNo -->60<!-- Field: /Sequence --></P></DIV>
    <DIV STYLE="page-break-before: always; margin-top: 6pt; margin-bottom: 12pt"><P STYLE="margin: 0pt">&nbsp;</P></DIV>
    <!-- Field: /Page -->

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><U>Due
to related parties</U></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Amount
due to related parties consisted of the following as of the periods indicated:</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center">March 31,</TD><TD STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center">December 31,</TD><TD STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid">2019</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid">2018</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="width: 76%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">Lion Arts Promotion Inc.</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">$</TD><TD STYLE="width: 9%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">64,964</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">$</TD><TD STYLE="width: 9%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">65,495</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">LionGene Corporation</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">430,940</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">458,348</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">BioFirst Corporation</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">6,248,105</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">6,428,643</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">AsianGene Corporation</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">160,000</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">160,000</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">YuanGene Corporation</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">92,690</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">92,690</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">The Jiangs</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">598,085</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">539,920</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 4pt; padding-left: 10pt">Total</TD><TD STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 4pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">$</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">7,594,784</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 4pt; font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 4pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">$</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">7,745,096</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 4pt; font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
</TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><U>Related
party transactions</U></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0; text-align: center; margin-bottom: 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<TABLE CELLSPACING="0" CELLPADDING="0" STYLE="width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="width: 24px; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(1)</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">On
    January 26, 2017, BriVision and BioFirst entered into a loan agreement for a total commitment (non-secured indebtedness) of
    $950,000 to meet its working capital needs. On February 2, 2019, BriVision and BioFirst agreed to extend the remaining loan
    balance of $693,000 for one year matured on February 1, 2020. Under the terms of the loan agreement, the loan bears interest
    at 1% per month (or equivalent to 12% per annum) and the Company is required to pay interest monthly to the lender. As of
    March 31, 2019 and December 31, 2018, the outstanding loan balance is $233,000 and $692,980, and accrued interest was $11,971
    and $281, respectively. Interest expenses in connection with this loan were $11,710 and $9,500 for the three months ended
    March 31, 2019 and 2018, respectively.</FONT></TD></TR>
</TABLE>
<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0; text-align: center; margin-bottom: 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<TABLE CELLSPACING="0" CELLPADDING="0" STYLE="width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="width: 24px; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(2)</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">On
    September 28, 2017, October 31, 2017, and November 13, 2017, BioLite Taiwan and BioFirst entered into three loan agreements
    for a total amount of NTD$27,800,000, equivalent to $900,720, to meet its working capital needs. Under the terms of the loan
    agreements, the loans bear interest at 1% per month (or equivalent to 12% per annum). BioLite Taiwan repaid NTD$7,500,000,
    equivalent to $243,000, of the loan in 2018. The remaining balance was NTD$20,300,000, equivalent to $657,720 with the interest
    rate and term remain unchanged. The three loans will be matured on September 27, 2019, October 30, 2019, and November 12,
    2019, respectively. As of March 31, 2019 and December 31, 2018, the outstanding loan balance was $657,720 and $663,810, and
    accrued interest was $146,274 and $127,976, respectively. Interest expenses in connection with this loan were $19,472 and
    $28,500 for the three months ended March 31, 2019 and 2018, respectively.</FONT></TD></TR>
</TABLE>
<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<TABLE CELLSPACING="0" CELLPADDING="0" STYLE="width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="width: 24px; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(3)</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">On
    April 12, 2017, BioLite BVI and BioFirst entered into a loan agreement for NTD$30,000,000, equivalent to $972,000 to meet
    its working capital needs. Under the terms of the loan agreement, the loan bears interest at 1% per month (or equivalent to
    12% per annum). BioLite BVI and BioFirst extended the loan with the same interest rate and amount for one year. The loan will
    be matured on May 11, 2019. As of March 31, 2019 and December 31, 2018, the outstanding loan balance was $972,000 and $981,000,
    and accrued interest was $250,771 and $222,000, respectively. Interest expenses in connection with this loan were $28,771
    and $29,978 for the three months ended March 31, 2019 and 2018, respectively.</FONT></TD></TR>
</TABLE>
<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<TABLE CELLSPACING="0" CELLPADDING="0" STYLE="width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="width: 24px; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(4)</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">On
    July 24, 2017, BriVision entered into a collaborative agreement (the &ldquo;BioFirst Collaborative Agreement&rdquo;) with
    BioFirst (See Note 4). On September 25, 2017, BioFirst has delivered all research, technical, data and development data to
    BriVision, and the Company has recorded the full amount of $3,000,000 due to BioFirst. No payment has been made by the Company
    as of the date of this prospectus.</FONT></TD></TR>
</TABLE>
<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<TABLE CELLSPACING="0" CELLPADDING="0" STYLE="width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="width: 24px; text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(5)</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">As
    of March 31, 2019, BioFirst has also advanced funds to the Company for working capital purpose. The advances bear 0% interest
    rate and are due on demand. As of March 31, 2019, the outstanding advance balance was $517,949.</FONT></TD></TR>
</TABLE>
<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0; text-align: left"></P>

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    <DIV STYLE="margin-top: 12pt; margin-bottom: 6pt; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid"><P STYLE="margin-top: 0pt; text-align: center; margin-bottom: 0pt">F-<!-- Field: Sequence; Type: Arabic; Name: PageNo -->61<!-- Field: /Sequence --></P></DIV>
    <DIV STYLE="page-break-before: always; margin-top: 6pt; margin-bottom: 12pt"><P STYLE="margin: 0pt">&nbsp;</P></DIV>
    <!-- Field: /Page -->

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0; text-align: left">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLSPACING="0" CELLPADDING="0" STYLE="width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="width: 24px; text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(6)</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">In
    September 2017, AsianGene entered an investment and equity transfer agreement (the &ldquo;Investment and Equity Transfer Agreement&rdquo;)
    with Everfront Biotech Inc. (the &ldquo;Everfront&rdquo;), a third party. Pursuant to the Investment and Equity Transfer Agreement,
    Everfront agreed to purchase 2,000,000 common shares of the Company owned by AsianGene at $1.60 per share in a total amount
    of $3,200,000, of which $160,000 is due before September 15, 2017 and the remaining amount of $3,040,000 is due before December
    15, 2017. AsianGene also agreed to loan the proceeds to the Company for working capital purpose. The non-secured loan bears
    0% interest rate and is due on demand. As of March 31, 2019 and December 31, 2018, the outstanding loan balance was $160,000
    and accrued interest was $17,600 and $12,866, respectively. Interest expenses in connection with this loan were $4,734 and
    $3,945 for the three months ended March 31, 2019 and 2018, respectively.</FONT></TD></TR>
</TABLE>
<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<TABLE CELLSPACING="0" CELLPADDING="0" STYLE="width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="width: 24px; text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(7)</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">As
    of March 31, 2019 and December 31, 2018, YuanGene Corporation has advanced an aggregate amount of $42,690 to the Company for
    working capital purpose. The advances bear 0% interest rate and are due on demand.</FONT></TD></TR>
</TABLE>
<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<TABLE CELLSPACING="0" CELLPADDING="0" STYLE="width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="width: 24px; text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(8)</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">On
    January 18, 2018, the Company and YuanGene entered into a loan agreement for a total of $50,000 to meet its working capital
    needs. Under the terms of the loan agreement, the loan bears interest at 1% per month (or equivalent to 12% per annum) and
    the Company is required to pay interest monthly to the lender. The maturity date of this loan is January 19, 2019. As of March
    31, 2019 and December 31, 2018, the outstanding loan balance was $50,000 and accrued interest was $7,200 and $5,721, respectively.
    Interest expenses in connection with this loan were $1,479 and $1,200 for the three months ended March 31, 2019 and 2018,
    respectively.</FONT></TD></TR>
</TABLE>
<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0; text-align: center; margin-bottom: 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<TABLE CELLSPACING="0" CELLPADDING="0" STYLE="width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="width: 24px; text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(9)</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">On
    June 27, 2018, the Company issued an eighteen-month term unsecured convertible promissory note (the &ldquo;Keypoint Note&rdquo;)
    in the aggregate principal amount of $250,000 to Keypoint Technology Ltd. (&ldquo;Keypoint&rdquo;) (See Note 8). The Company
    received $250,000 which bears interest at 8% per annum. Interest expenses in connection with this Keypoint Note were $5,000
    and $0 for the three months ended March 31, 2019 and 2018, respectively.</FONT></TD></TR>
</TABLE>
<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>&nbsp;</B></FONT></P>

<TABLE CELLSPACING="0" CELLPADDING="0" STYLE="width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="width: 29px; text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(10)</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">On
    August 25, 2018, the Company issued an eighteen-month term unsecured convertible promissory note (the &ldquo;Odaira Note&rdquo;)
    in the aggregate principal amount of $250,000 to Yoshinobu Odaira (&ldquo;Odaira&rdquo;) (See Note 8). The Company received
    $250,000 on November 29, 2018 which bears interest at 8% per annum. Interest expense in connection with this Odaira Note was
    $5,000 and $0 for the three months ended March 31, 2019 and 2018, respectively.</FONT></TD></TR>
</TABLE>
<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0; text-align: center; margin-bottom: 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>&nbsp;</B></FONT></P>

<TABLE CELLSPACING="0" CELLPADDING="0" STYLE="width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="width: 29px; text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(11)</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">As
    of March 31, 2019, Mr. Tsung-Shann Jiang and Ms. Shu-Ling Jiang have also advanced funds to the Company for working capital
    purpose. The advances bears interest at 1% per month (or equivalent to 12% per annum) and are due on demand. As of March 31,
    2019, the outstanding advance balance was $157,140 and the accrued interest was $10,454.</FONT></TD></TR>
</TABLE>
<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>&nbsp;</B></FONT></P>

<TABLE CELLSPACING="0" CELLPADDING="0" STYLE="width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="width: 29px; text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(12)</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">As
    of March 31, 2019, LION, LionGene, and the Jiangs have also advanced funds to the Company for working capital purpose. The
    advances bear 0% interest rate and are due on demand. As of March 31, 2019, the outstanding advance balances in aggregate
    were $926,395.</FONT></TD></TR>
</TABLE>
<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>&nbsp;</B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>12.
EQUITY</B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>&nbsp;</B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">During
October 2015, $350,000 of subscription receivable was fully collected from the shareholders.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>&nbsp;</B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">On
February 8, 2016, a Share Exchange Agreement (&ldquo;Share Exchange Agreement&rdquo;) was entered into by and among American BriVision
(Holding) Corporation (the&nbsp;&ldquo;Company&rdquo;), American BriVision Corporation&nbsp;(&ldquo;BriVision&rdquo;), Euro-Asia
Investment &amp; Finance Corp. Limited, a company incorporated under the laws of Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of People&rsquo;s
Republic of China (&ldquo;Euro-Asia&rdquo;), being the owners of record of 164,387,376 (52,336,000 pre-stock split) shares of
Common Stock of the Company, and the owners of record of all of the issued share capital of BriVision (the&nbsp;&ldquo;BriVision
Stock&rdquo;). Pursuant to the Share Exchange Agreement, upon surrender by the BriVision Shareholders and the cancellation by
BriVision of the certificates evidencing the BriVision Stock as registered in the name of each BriVision Shareholder, and pursuant
to the registration of the Company in the register of members maintained by BriVision as the new holder of the BriVision Stock
and the issuance of the certificates evidencing the aforementioned registration of the BriVision Stock in the name of the Company,
the Company should issue 166,273,921(52,936,583 pre-stock split) shares (the&nbsp;&ldquo;Acquisition Stock&rdquo;) (subject to
adjustment for fractionalized shares as set forth below) of the Company&rsquo;s Common Stock to the BriVision Shareholders (or
their designees), and 163,159,952 (51,945,225 pre-stock split) shares of the Company&rsquo;s Common Stock owned by Euro-Asia should
be cancelled and retired to treasury. The Acquisition Stock collectively should represent 79.70% of the issued and outstanding
Common Stock of the Company immediately after the Closing, in exchange for the BriVision Stock, representing 100% of the issued
share capital of BriVision in a reverse merger, or the Merger. Pursuant to the Merger, all of the issued and outstanding shares
of BriVision&rsquo;s Common Stock were converted, at an exchange ratio of 0.2536-for-1, into an aggregate of 166,273,921(52,936,583
pre-stock split) shares of Company&rsquo;s Common Stock and BriVision became a wholly owned subsidiary, of the Company. The holders
of Company&rsquo;s Common Stock as of immediately prior to the Merger held an aggregate of 205,519,223 (65,431,144 pre-stock split)
shares of Company&rsquo;s Common Stock,&nbsp;Because of the exchange of the BriVision Stock for the Acquisition Stock (the&nbsp;&ldquo;Share
Exchange&rdquo;), BriVision became a wholly owned subsidiary (the &ldquo;Subsidiary&rdquo;) of the Company and there was a change
of control of the Company following the closing. There were no warrants, options or other equity instruments issued in connection
with the share exchange agreement.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>&nbsp;</B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"></P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>&nbsp;</B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">On
February 17, 2016, pursuant to the 2016 Equity Incentive Plan (the &ldquo;2016 Plan&rdquo;), 157,050 (50,000 pre-stock split)
shares were granted to the employees.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>&nbsp;</B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">On
March 21, 2016, the Board of Directors of the Company approved an amendment to Articles of Incorporation to effect a forward split
at a ratio of 1 to 3:141 (the &ldquo;Forward&nbsp;Stock&nbsp;Split&rdquo;) and increase the number of our authorized shares of
Common Stock, par value $0.001 per share, to 360,000,000, which was effective on April 8, 2016.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>&nbsp;</B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">On
May 6, 2016, the Company and BioLite Taiwan agreed to amend the BioLite Collaborative Agreement, through entry into the Milestone
Payment Agreement, whereby the Company has agreed to issue shares of Common Stock of the Company, at the price of $1.60 per share,
for an aggregate number of 562,500 shares, as part of the Company&rsquo;s first installation of payment pursuant to the Milestone
Payment. The shares issuance was completed in June 2016.&nbsp;On August 26, 2016, the Company issued 1,468,750 shares (&ldquo;Shares&rdquo;)
of the Company&rsquo;s Common Stock, par value $0.001 (the &ldquo;Offering&rdquo;) to BioLite Taiwan pursuant to a certain Stock
Purchase Agreement dated August 26, 2016 (the &ldquo;SPA&rdquo;). The Shares are exempt from the registration requirements of
the Securities Act of 1933, as amended (the &ldquo;Securities Act&rdquo;), pursuant to Regulation&nbsp;S of the Securities Act
promulgated thereunder. The purchase price per share of the Offering is $1.60. The net proceeds to the Company from the Offering
are approximately $2,350,000. Pursuant to the BioLite Collaborative Agreement, BriVision should pay a total of $100,000,000 in
cash or stock of the Company with equivalent value according to the milestone achieved. The agreement requires that 6.5% of total
payment, $6,500,000 shall be made upon the first IND submission which was submitted in March 2016. In February 2017, the Company
remitted this amount to BioLite with $650,000 in cash and $5,850,000 in the form of newly issued shares of the Company&rsquo;s
Common Stock, at the price of $2.0 per share, for an aggregate number of 2,925,000 shares. Upon the consummation of the restructuring
transaction between the Company and BioLite on February 8, 2019, the Company&rsquo;s Common Stock held by BioLite Taiwan was accounted
for treasury stocks in the statement of equity (deficit).</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>&nbsp;</B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">On
May 3, 2019, the Company filed a Certificate of Amendment with the Secretary of State of Nevada, which was effective May 8, 2019
upon its receipt of the written notice from Financial Industry Regulatory Authority (&ldquo;FINRA&rdquo;). Pursuant to the Certificate
of Amendment, the Company effectuated a 1-for-18 reverse stock split of its issued and outstanding shares of common stock, $0.001
par value, whereby 318,485,252 outstanding shares of the Company&rsquo;s common stock were exchanged for 17,693,625 shares of
the Company&rsquo;s Common Stock. All shares and related financial information in this Form 10-Q reflect this 1-for-18 reverse
stock split.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>&nbsp;</B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">On
October 1, 2016, the Company entered into a consulting agreement with Kazunori Kameyama (&ldquo;Kameyama&rdquo;) for the provision
of services related to the clinical trials and other administrative work, public relation work, capital raising, trip coordination,
In consideration for providing such services, the Company agreed to indemnify the consultant in an amount of $150 per hour in
cash up to $3,000 per month, and issue to Kameyama the Company&rsquo;s Common Stock at $1.00 per share for any amount exceeding
$3,000. The Company&rsquo;s stocks shall be calculated and issued in December every year. On October 1, 2017, the Company and
Kameyama agreed to extend the service period for one more year expiring on September 30, 2018. As a result, the non-employee stock-based
compensation related to this consulting agreement was $28,800 and $5,400 for the years ended December 31, 2018 and 2017, respectively.
On March 28, 2018, the Company issued 4,828 shares of the Company&rsquo;s common stock at $1.60 per share in a total of $7,725
to Kameyama in connection with this consulting agreement.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">On
January 1, 2017, Euro-Asia Investment &amp; Finance Corp Ltd. and the Company entered into a service agreement (the &ldquo;Euro-Asia
Agreement&rdquo;) for the maintenance of the listing in the U.S. stock exchange market. During the years ended December 31, 2018
and 2017, the Company recognized non-employee stock based compensation expenses of $0 and $60,000 in connection with the terms
in the Euro-Asia Agreement, respectively. On March 28, 2018, the Company issued 50,000 shares of the Company&rsquo;s common stock
at $1.60 per share in a total of $80,000 to Euro-Asia in connection with the Euro-Asia Agreement.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 0"></P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">On
January 1, 2017, Kimho Consultants Co., Ltd. and the Company entered into a service agreement (the &ldquo;Kimho Agreement&rdquo;)
for the maintenance of the listing in the U.S. stock exchange market. During the years ended December 31, 2018 and 2017, the Company
recognized non-employee stock based compensation expenses of $0 and $90,000 in connection with the terms in the Kimho Agreement,
respectively. On March 28, 2018, the Company issued 75,000 shares of the Company&rsquo;s common stock at $1.60 per share in a
total of $120,000 to Kimho in connection with the Kimho Agreement.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Pursuant
to ASC 505-50-30, the transactions with the non-employees were measured based on the fair value of the equity instruments issued
as the Company determined that the fair value of the equity instruments issued in a stock-based payment transaction with nonemployees
was more reliably measurable than the fair value of the consideration received. The Company measured the fair value of the equity
instruments in these transactions using the stock price on the date at which the commitments Kameyama, Euro-Asia, and Kimho for
performance were rendered.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">On
March 28, 2018, the Company also issued an aggregate of 50,000 shares of the Company&rsquo;s common stock at $1.60 per share for
salaries in a total of $80,000 to three officers.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">On
February 8, 2019, after the Merger, the Company issued 74,997,546 shares to the shareholders of BioLite and 29,561,231 shares
to the shareholders of BioKey.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>13.
LOSS PER SHARE</B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Basic
loss per share is computed by dividing net loss by the weighted-average number of common shares outstanding during the year. Diluted
loss per share is computed by dividing net loss by the weighted-average number of common shares and dilutive potential common
shares outstanding during the years ended March 31, 2019 and 2018.&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid">Mar
    31,<BR> 2019</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid"><P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>Dec
                                         31,</B></FONT></P> <P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>2018</B></FONT></P></TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Numerator:</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="width: 76%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">Net loss attributable to common stockholders</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">$</TD><TD STYLE="width: 9%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">(791,671</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">)</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">$</TD><TD STYLE="width: 9%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">(601,387</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">)</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Denominator:</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Weighted-average shares outstanding:</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; padding-bottom: 4pt">Weighted-average shares outstanding
    - Basic</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 4pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">14,965,665</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 4pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 4pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">11,599,911</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 4pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; padding-bottom: 4pt">Stock options</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 4pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">-</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 4pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 4pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">-</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 4pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; padding-bottom: 4pt">Weighted-average shares outstanding
    - Diluted</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 4pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">14,965,665</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 4pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 4pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">11,599,911</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 4pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Loss per share</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 4pt">-Basic</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 4pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">$</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">(0.05</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 4pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">)</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 4pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">$</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">(0.05</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 4pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">)</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 4pt">-Diluted</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 4pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">$</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">(0.05</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 4pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">)</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 4pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">$</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">(0.05</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 4pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">)</TD></TR>
</TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>&nbsp;</B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Diluted
loss per share takes into account the potential dilution that could occur if securities or other contracts to issue Common Stock
were exercised and converted into Common Stock.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B><I>&nbsp;</I></B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>14.
LEASE</B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
Company adopted FASB Accounting Standards Codification, Topic 842, Leases (&ldquo;ASC 842&rdquo;) using the modified retrospective
approach, electing the practical expedient that allows the Company not to restate its comparative periods prior to the adoption
of the standard on January 1, 2019. As such, the disclosures required under ASC 842 are not presented for periods before the date
of adoption. For the comparative periods prior to adoption, the Company presented the disclosures which were required under ASC
840.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"></P>

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    <DIV STYLE="page-break-before: always; margin-top: 6pt; margin-bottom: 12pt"><P STYLE="margin: 0pt">&nbsp;</P></DIV>
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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
Company applied the following practical expedients in the transition to the new standard and allowed under ASC 842:</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<TABLE CELLSPACING="0" CELLPADDING="0" STYLE="width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="width: 24px; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 24px; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#9679;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Reassessment
    of expired or existing contracts: The Company elected not to reassess, at the application date, whether any expired or existing
    contracts contained leases, the lease classification for any expired or existing leases, and the accounting for initial direct
    costs for any existing leases.</FONT></TD></TR>
</TABLE>
<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<TABLE CELLSPACING="0" CELLPADDING="0" STYLE="width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="width: 24px; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 24px; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#9679;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Use
    of hindsight: The Company elected to use hindsight in determining the lease term (that is, when considering options to extend
    or terminate the lease and to purchase the underlying asset) and in assessing impairment of right-to-use assets.</FONT></TD></TR>
</TABLE>
<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<TABLE CELLSPACING="0" CELLPADDING="0" STYLE="width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="width: 24px; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 24px; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#9679;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Reassessment
    of existing or expired land easements: The Company elected not to evaluate existing or expired land easements that were not
    previously accounted for as leases under ASC 840, as allowed under the transition practical expedient. Going forward, new
    or modified land easements will be evaluated under ASU No. 2016-02.</FONT></TD></TR>
</TABLE>
<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<TABLE CELLSPACING="0" CELLPADDING="0" STYLE="width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="width: 24px; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 24px; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#9679;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Separation
    of lease and non- lease components: Lease agreements that contain both lease and non-lease components are generally accounted
    for separately.</FONT></TD></TR>
</TABLE>
<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<TABLE CELLSPACING="0" CELLPADDING="0" STYLE="width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="width: 24px; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 24px; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#9679;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Short-term
    lease recognition exemption: The Company also elected the short-term lease recognition exemption and will not recognize ROU
    assets or lease liabilities for leases with a term less than 12 months.</FONT></TD></TR>
</TABLE>
<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
new leasing standard requires recognition of leases on the consolidated balance sheets as right-of-use (&ldquo;ROU&rdquo;) assets
and lease liabilities. ROU assets represent the Company&rsquo;s right to use underlying assets for the lease terms and lease liabilities
represent the Company&rsquo;s obligation to make lease payments arising from the leases. Operating lease ROU assets and operating
lease liabilities are recognized based on the present value and future minimum lease payments over the lease term at commencement
date. The Company&rsquo;s future minimum based payments used to determine the Company&rsquo;s lease liabilities mainly include
minimum based rent payments. As most of Company&rsquo;s leases do not provide an implicit rate, the Company uses its estimated
incremental borrowing rate based on the information available at commencement date in determining the present value of lease payments.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
Company recognized lease liabilities, with corresponding ROU assets, based on the present value of unpaid lease payments for existing
operating leases longer than twelve months as of January 1, 2019. The ROU assets were adjusted per ASC 842 transition guidance
for existing lease-related balances of accrued and prepaid rent, unamortized lease incentives provided by lessors, and restructuring
liabilities.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
adoption of ASC 842 had a substantial impact on the Company&rsquo;s consolidated balance sheets. The most significant impact was
the recognition of the operating lease right-of-use assets and the liability for operating leases. Accordingly, adoption of this
standard resulted in the recognition of operating lease right-of-use assets of $577,830 and operating lease liabilities of $598,937
comprised of $301,105 of current operating lease liabilities and $297,832 of non-current operating lease liabilities on the condensed
consolidated balance sheet as of January 1, 2019. The adoption of ASC 842 also resulted in a cumulative-effect adjustment of $(21,107)
to the opening balance of accumulated deficit.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">In
addition, the adoption of the standard did not have a material impact on the Company&rsquo;s results of operations or cash flows.
Operating lease cost is recognized as a single lease cost on a straight-line basis over the lease term and is recorded in Selling,
general and administrative expenses. Variable lease payments for common area maintenance, property taxes and other operating expenses
are recognized as expense in the period when the changes in facts and circumstances on which the variable lease payments are based
occur.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
Company has no finance leases. The Company&rsquo;s leases primarily include various office and laboratory spaces, copy machine,
and vehicles under various operating lease arrangements. The Company&rsquo;s operating leases have remaining lease terms of up
to approximately two years.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>&nbsp;</B></FONT></P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid">Mar
    31,<BR> 2019</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom">
    <TD STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">ASSETS</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="width: 88%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; padding-left: 9pt">Operating lease right-of-use
    assets</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">$</TD><TD STYLE="width: 9%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">505,305</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">LIABILITIES</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">Operating lease liabilities (current)</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">286,212</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">Operating lease liabilities (noncurrent)</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">239,647</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
</TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"></P>

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    <DIV STYLE="page-break-before: always; margin-top: 6pt; margin-bottom: 12pt"><P STYLE="margin: 0pt">&nbsp;</P></DIV>
    <!-- Field: /Page -->

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B><I>Supplemental
Information</I></B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
table below presents supplemental information related to operating leases during the&nbsp;three months ended March 31, 2019</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<TABLE CELLSPACING="0" CELLPADDING="0" STYLE="width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-collapse: collapse">
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="width: 89%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Cash
    paid for amounts included in the measurement of operating lease liabilities</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">$</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 8%; text-align: right; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">73,802</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: white; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Weighted
    average remaining lease term</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: right; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">1.86
    years</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Weighted
    average discount rate</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: right; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">0.55</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">%</FONT></TD></TR>
</TABLE>
<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
minimum future annual payments under non-cancellable leases during the next five years and thereafter, at rates now in force,
are as follows:</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<TABLE CELLSPACING="0" CELLPADDING="0" STYLE="width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-collapse: collapse">
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="border-bottom: black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>Operating
    leases</B></FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="width: 89%; text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>2019
    (excluding the three months ended March 31, 2019)</B></FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">$</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 8%; text-align: right; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">228,117</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: white; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>2020</B></FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: right; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">258,642</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>2021</B></FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: right; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">41,240</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: white; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>Total
    future minimum lease payments, undiscounted</B></FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: right; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">527,999</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>Less:
    Imputed interest</B></FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: right; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(2,140</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">)</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: white; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>Present
    value of future minimum lease payments</B></FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">$</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: right; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">525,859</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD></TR>
</TABLE>
<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>15.
BUSINESS COMBINATION</B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>&nbsp;</B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">On
February 8, 2019, the Company consummated the Merger transactions of BioLite and BioKey (See Note 1). Pursuant to the terms of
the Merger Agreement, BioLite and BioKey became two wholly-owned subsidiaries of the Company on February 8, 2019. The Company
adopted ASC 805, &ldquo;Business Combination&rdquo; to record the merger transactions of BioKey. The acquisition was accounted
for as a business combination under the purchase method of accounting. BioKey&rsquo;s results of operations were included in the
Company&rsquo;s results beginning February 8, 2019. The purchase price has been allocated to the assets acquired and the liabilities
assumed based on their fair value at the acquisition date as summarized in the following:</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Purchase consideration:</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="width: 88%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">Common Stock (*)</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">$</TD><TD STYLE="width: 9%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">44,341,847</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Allocation of the purchase price:</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">Cash and cash equivalents</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">$</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">531,147</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">Accounts receivable, net</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">188,550</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">Property and equipment, net</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">56,075</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">Operating lease right-of-use assets</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">485,684</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">Security deposits</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">10,440</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">Total assets acquired</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">1,271,896</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">Accounts payable</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">(56,204</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">)</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">Accrued expenses and other current liabilities</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">(251,335</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">)</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">Operating lease liability</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">(267,256</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">)</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">Tenant security deposit</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">(2,880</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">)</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">Total liabilities assumed</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">(577,675</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">)</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">Total net assets acquired</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">694,221</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; padding-bottom: 4pt">Goodwill as a result of the
    Merger</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 4pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">$</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">43,647,626</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 4pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
</TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0; width: 100%"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; text-align: justify">
<TD STYLE="width: 0"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">*</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">29,561,231
shares of ABVC common stock issued to BioKey in connection with the Merger. Those shares were valued at $1.50 per share, based
on the bid-and-ask share price of ABVC Common Stock on the final day of trading, February 8, 2019.</FONT></TD>
</TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>&nbsp;</B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">On
February 8, 2019, the Company has recorded a 100% goodwill write-down of $43,647,626. Goodwill was determined to have been impaired
because of the current financial condition of the Company and the Company&rsquo;s inability to generate future operating income
without substantial increase in sales volume, which is highly uncertain. Furthermore, the Company&rsquo;s anticipated future cash
flows indicate that the recoverability of goodwill is not reasonably assured. The goodwill write-down was reflected as a decrease
in additional paid-in capital in the statement of equity upon the consummation of the Merger.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>16.
SUBSEQUENT EVENTS</B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
Company has evaluated subsequent events through the date which the financial statements were available to be issued. All subsequent
events requiring recognition as of March 31, 2019 have been incorporated into these financial statements and there are no subsequent
events that require disclosure in accordance with FASB ASC Topic 855, &ldquo;Subsequent Events.&rdquo;&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>


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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: center; background-color: white"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>INDEX
TO FINANCIAL INFORMATION</B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: center; background-color: white"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<TABLE CELLSPACING="0" CELLPADDING="0" STYLE="width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-collapse: collapse">
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-left: 10pt; text-indent: -10pt; width: 90%"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 1%">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 9%; border-bottom: black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>Page</B></FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="padding-left: 10pt; text-indent: -10pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: center; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="padding-left: 10pt; text-indent: -10pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>BioLite
    Holding, Inc.</B></FONT></TD>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: center; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="padding-left: 10pt; text-indent: -10pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: center; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="padding-left: 10pt; text-indent: -10pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Financial
    Statements for the Years Ended December 31, 2018 and 2017</FONT></TD>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: center; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="padding-left: 10pt; text-indent: -10pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: center; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="padding-left: 10pt; text-indent: -10pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><A HREF="#s_07"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Report
    of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm</FONT></A></TD>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: center; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">F-68</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="padding-left: 10pt; text-indent: -10pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Financial
    Statements:</FONT></TD>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: center; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="padding-left: 10pt; text-indent: -10pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><A HREF="#s_08"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Consolidated
    Balance Sheets as of December 31, 2018 and 2017</FONT></A></TD>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: center; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">F-69
    </FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="padding-left: 10pt; text-indent: -10pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><A HREF="#s_09"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Consolidated
    Statements of Operations and Comprehensive Income (Loss) for the years ended December 31, 2018 and 2017</FONT></A></TD>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: center; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">F-70</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="padding-left: 10pt; text-indent: -10pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><A HREF="#s_10"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Consolidated
    Statements of Equity for the years ended December 31, 2018 and 2017</FONT></A></TD>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: center; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">F-71</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="padding-left: 10pt; text-indent: -10pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><A HREF="#s_11"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Consolidated
    Statements of Cash Flows for the years ended December 31, 2018 and 2017</FONT></A></TD>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: center; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">F-72</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="padding-left: 10pt; text-indent: -10pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><A HREF="#s_12"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Notes
    to Consolidated Financial Statements</FONT></A></TD>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: center; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">F-73
    &ndash; F-98</FONT></TD></TR>
</TABLE>
<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>


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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"></P>

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<TR>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: top; width: 43%"><IMG SRC="img_004.jpg" ALT=""></TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 1%">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 56%"><P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><B><U>A</U></B><U>udit<B>&nbsp;&#9679; T</B>ax<B>&nbsp;&#9679;
        C</B>onsulting<B>&nbsp;&#9679;&nbsp;F</B>inancial<B>&nbsp;A</B>dvisory</U>&nbsp;</P>
        <P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><I>Registered with Public Company Accounting Oversight
        Board (PCAOB)</I></P></TD></TR>
</TABLE>
<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"></P>

<P STYLE="margin: 0; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: center"><A NAME="s_07"></A><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>Report
of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm</B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>To
the Stockholders and the Board of Directors of BioLite Holding, Inc.</B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>Opinion
on the Financial Statements</B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">We
have audited the accompanying consolidated balance sheets of BioLite Holding, Inc. and its subsidiaries ( collectively referred
to as &ldquo;the Company&rdquo;) as of&nbsp;December&nbsp;31, 2018&nbsp;and&nbsp;2017, the related consolidated statements of
operations and comprehensive income (loss), equity, and cash flows for each of the two years in the period ended&nbsp;December&nbsp;31,
2018, and the related notes (collectively referred to as the &ldquo;financial statements&quot;). In our opinion, the financial
statements present fairly, in all material respects, the financial position of the Company at&nbsp;December&nbsp;31, 2018&nbsp;and&nbsp;2017,
and the results of its operations and its cash flows for each of the two years in the period ended&nbsp;December&nbsp;31, 2018,
in conformity with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>Basis
for Opinion</B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">These
financial statements are the responsibility of the Company&rsquo;s management. Our responsibility is to express an opinion on
the Company&rsquo;s financial statements based on our audits. We are a public accounting firm registered with the PCAOB and are
required to be independent with respect to the Company in accordance with the U.S. federal securities laws and the applicable
rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission and the PCAOB.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">We
conducted our audits in accordance with the standards of the PCAOB. Those standards require that we plan and perform the audit
to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the financial statements are free of material misstatement, whether due to error
or fraud. The Company is not required to have, nor were we engaged to perform, an audit of its internal control over financial
reporting. As part of our audits, we are required to obtain an understanding of internal control over financial reporting but
not for the purpose of expressing an opinion on the effectiveness of the Company&rsquo;s internal control over financial reporting.
Accordingly, we express no such opinion.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Our
audits included performing procedures to assess the risks of material misstatement of the financial statements, whether due to
error or fraud, and performing procedures that respond to those risks. Such procedures included examining, on a test basis, evidence
regarding the amounts and disclosures in the financial statements. Our audits also included evaluating the accounting principles
used and significant estimates made by management, as well as evaluating the overall presentation of the financial statements.
We believe that our audits provide a reasonable basis for our opinion.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
accompanying consolidated financial statements have been prepared assuming that BioLite Holding, Inc. and its subsidiaries will
continue as a going concern. As described in Note 2 to the consolidated financial statements, the Company has incurred losses
from operations, has a working capital deficit, and is in need of additional capital to grow its operations so that it can become
profitable. These factors raise substantial doubt about the Company&rsquo;s ability to continue as a going concern. Management&rsquo;s
plans in regard to these matters are described in Note 2. The accompanying consolidated financial statements do not include any
adjustments that might result from the outcome of this uncertainty.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

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    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 40%"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">/s/
    KCCW Accountancy Corp.</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 60%"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">We
    have served as the Company's auditor since 2017.</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Diamond
    Bar, California</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">April
                                         1, 2019</FONT></P></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD></TR>
</TABLE>
<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

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<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>KCCW
    Accountancy Corp.</B></FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: right; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">3333
    S Brea Canyon Rd. #206, Diamond Bar, CA 91765, USA</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: right; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Tel:
    +1 909 348 7228 &#9679; Fax: +1 909 895 4155 &#9679; info@kccwcpa.com</FONT></TD></TR>
</TABLE>
<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>


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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0; text-align: center"><A NAME="s_08"></A><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>BIOLITE
HOLDING, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES</B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>CONSOLIDATED
BALANCE SHEETS</B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center">December&nbsp;31,</TD><TD STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center">December&nbsp;31,</TD><TD STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid">2018</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid">2017</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom">
    <TD STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">ASSETS</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Current Assets</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="width: 76%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; padding-left: 9pt">Cash and cash equivalents</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">$</TD><TD STYLE="width: 9%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">186,644</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">$</TD><TD STYLE="width: 9%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">256,925</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; padding-left: 9pt">Restricted cash</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">-</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">56,579</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; padding-left: 9pt">Accounts receivable - related
    parties, net</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">-</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">3,475</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; padding-left: 9pt">Other receivable, net</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">39,005</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">-</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; padding-left: 9pt">Due from related parties</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">79,287</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">153,953</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; padding-left: 9pt">Inventory, net</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">1,318</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">199,708</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; padding-left: 9pt">Prepaid
    expenses and other current assets</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">223,759</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">90,333</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; padding-left: 0.25in">Total
    Current Assets</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">530,013</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">760,973</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">Property and equipment, net</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">510,066</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">570,576</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">Long-term investments</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">3,488,169</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">4,185,969</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">Deferred tax assets</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">1,347,995</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">1,017,897</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">Security deposits</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">27,418</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">68,876</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; padding-bottom: 4pt; padding-left: 0.5in">Total
    Assets</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 4pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">$</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">5,903,661</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 4pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 4pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">$</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">6,604,291</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 4pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">LIABILITIES AND EQUITY</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">Current Liabilities</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; padding-left: 9pt">Short-term bank loan</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">899,250</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">927,800</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; padding-left: 9pt">Long-term bank loan - current
    portion</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">39,835</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">40,203</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; padding-left: 9pt">Notes payable</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">510,447</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">202,429</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; padding-left: 9pt">Accrued expenses</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">486,572</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">511,212</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; padding-left: 9pt">Other payable</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">201,137</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">16,288</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; padding-left: 9pt">Due to
    related parties</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">3,341,005</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">2,390,498</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; padding-left: 0.25in">Total
    Current Liabilities</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">5,478,246</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">4,088,430</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">Noncurrent Liabilities</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; padding-left: 9pt">Long-term
    bank loan</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">15,257</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">55,690</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; padding-left: 0.25in">Total
    Noncurrent Liabilities</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">15,257</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">55,690</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; padding-left: 27pt">Total
    Liabilities</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">5,493,503</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">4,144,120</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Equity</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; text-indent: -10pt; padding-left: 10pt">Common Stock,
    $0.0001 par value, 500,000,000 shares authorized, 41,207,444 shares issued and outstanding</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">4,121</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">4,121</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">Additional paid-in capital</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">10,862,995</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">10,862,995</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">Accumulated deficit</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">(11,445,109</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">)</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">(9,971,033</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">)</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">Other comprehensive income</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">670,541</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">757,327</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; padding-left: 0.25in">Total
    Stockholders&rsquo; Equity</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">92,548</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">1,653,410</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">Noncontrolling Interest</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">317,610</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">806,761</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; padding-left: 27pt">Total
    Equity</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">410,158</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">2,460,171</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; padding-bottom: 4pt">Total Liabilities and
    Equity</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 4pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">$</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">5,903,661</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 4pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 4pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">$</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">6,604,291</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 4pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
</TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><I>The
accompanying notes are an integral part of these financial statements.</I></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: center"></P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: center">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: center"><A NAME="s_09"></A><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>BIOLITE
HOLDING, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES</B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>CONSOLIDATED
STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS AND COMPREHENSIVE INCOME (LOSS)</B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>FOR
THE YEARS ENDED DECEMBER 31, 2018 AND 2017</B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid">2018</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid">2017</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Net revenue</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="width: 76%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; padding-left: 9pt">Merchandise sales</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">$</TD><TD STYLE="width: 9%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">6,324</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">$</TD><TD STYLE="width: 9%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">940</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; padding-left: 9pt">Merchandise
    sales-related parties</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">632</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">2,256</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; padding-left: 0.25in">Total
    net revenue</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">6,956</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">3,196</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Cost of revenue</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; padding-left: 0.125in">Merchandise sales</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">4,893</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">2,249</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; padding-left: 0.125in">Inventory valuation
    reserve</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">180,387</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">-</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; padding-left: 0.25in">Subtotal</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">185,280</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">2,249</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">Gross profit</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">(178,324</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">)</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">947</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">Operating expenses</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; padding-left: 9pt">Research and development expenses</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">319,053</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">256,682</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; padding-left: 9pt">Selling,
    general and administrative expenses</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">893,570</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">1,735,931</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; padding-left: 0.25in">Total
    operating expenses</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">1,212,623</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">1,992,613</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">Loss from operations</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">(1,390,947</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">)</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">(1,991,666</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">)</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">Other income (expense)</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; padding-left: 9pt">Interest income</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">5,119</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">7,207</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; padding-left: 9pt">Interest expense</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">(306,821</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">)</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">(222,060</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">)</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; padding-left: 9pt">Rental income</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">11,924</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">11,814</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; padding-left: 9pt">Investment loss</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">(395,476</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">)</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">(34,139</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">)</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; padding-left: 9pt">Gain (loss) on foreign exchange
    changes</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">7,307</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">(409,170</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">)</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; padding-left: 9pt">Loss on investment in equity
    securities</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">(256,126</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">)</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">(4,443,876</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">)</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; padding-left: 9pt">Other
    income (expenses)</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">(5,154</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">)</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">51,574</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; padding-left: 0.25in">Total
    other income (expenses)</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">(939,227</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">)</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">(5,038,650</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">)</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">Loss before income taxes</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">(2,330,174</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">)</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">(7,030,316</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">)</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">Provision for income taxes
    (benefit)</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">(366,947</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">)</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">(360,395</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">)</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">Net loss</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">(1,963,227</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">)</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">(6,669,921</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">)</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">Net loss attributable to
    noncontrolling interests, net of tax</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">489,151</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">1,621,650</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">Net loss attributable to BioLite Holding, Inc.</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">(1,474,076</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">)</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">(5,048,271</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">)</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">Foreign currency translation
    adjustment</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">(86,786</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">)</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">695,573</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; padding-bottom: 4pt">Comprehensive Loss</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 4pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">$</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">(1,560,862</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 4pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">)</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 4pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">$</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">(4,352,698</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 4pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">)</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">Net loss per share attributable to Common Stockholders</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; padding-bottom: 4pt">Basic and Diluted</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 4pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">$</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">(0.04</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 4pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">)</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 4pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">$</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">(0.16</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 4pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">)</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Weighted average number of common shares outstanding:</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; padding-bottom: 4pt">Basic and Diluted</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 4pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">41,207,444</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 4pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 4pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">30,720,246</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 4pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
</TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><I>The
accompanying notes are an integral part of these financial statements.</I></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><I>&nbsp;</I></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: center"></P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT><A NAME="s_10"></A><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>BIOLITE
HOLDING, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES</B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>CONSOLIDATED
STATEMENTS OF EQUITY</B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>FOR&nbsp;THE
YEARS ENDED DECEMBER 31, 2018 AND 2017</B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center">Additional</TD><TD STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center">Other</TD><TD STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center">Non-</TD><TD STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="6" STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid">Common
    Stocks</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">Paid-in</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">Accumulated</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">Comprehensive</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">controlling</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid">Shares</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid">Amounts</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid">Capital</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid">Deficit</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid">Income
    (Loss)</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid">Interest</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid">Total</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="width: 16%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-indent: -10pt; padding-left: 10pt">Balance
    at December 31, 2016</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 1%; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="width: 9%; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">20,000,000</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 1%; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">$</TD><TD STYLE="width: 9%; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">2,000</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 1%; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">$</TD><TD STYLE="width: 9%; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">11,303,457</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 1%; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">$</TD><TD STYLE="width: 9%; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">(4,922,762</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">)</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 1%; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">$</TD><TD STYLE="width: 9%; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">61,754</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 1%; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">$</TD><TD STYLE="width: 9%; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">2,412,029</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 1%; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">$</TD><TD STYLE="width: 9%; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">8,856,478</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; text-indent: -10pt; padding-left: 10pt">Capital
    Contribution</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">21,207,444</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">2,121</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">7,679,786</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">-</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">-</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">-</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">7,681,907</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; text-indent: -10pt; padding-left: 10pt">Effects
    from restructuring</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">-</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">-</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">(8,120,248</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">)</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">-</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">-</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">16,382</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">(8,103,866</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">)</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; text-indent: -10pt; padding-left: 10pt">Net loss</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">-</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">-</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">-</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">(5,048,271</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">)</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">-</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">(1,621,650</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">)</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">(6,669,921</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">)</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-indent: -10pt; padding-left: 10pt">Cumulative
    translation adjustments</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">-</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">-</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">-</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">-</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">695,573</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">-</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">695,573</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-indent: -10pt; padding-left: 10pt">Balance
    at December 31, 2017</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">41,207,444</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">$</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">4,121</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">$</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">10,862,995</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">$</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">(9,971,033</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">)</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">$</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">757,327</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">$</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">806,761</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">$</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">2,460,171</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; text-indent: -10pt; padding-left: 10pt">Net income</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">-</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">-</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">-</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">(1,474,076</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">)</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">-</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">(489,151</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">)</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">(1,963,227</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">)</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-indent: -10pt; padding-left: 10pt">Cumulative
    translation adjustments</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">-</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">-</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">-</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">-</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">(86,786</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">)</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">-</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">(86,786</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">)</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 4pt; text-indent: -10pt; padding-left: 10pt">Balance
    at December 31, 2018</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 4pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">41,207,444</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 4pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 4pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">$</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">4,121</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 4pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 4pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">$</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">10,862,995</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 4pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 4pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">$</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">(11,445,109</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 4pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">)</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 4pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">$</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">670,541</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 4pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 4pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">$</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">317,610</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 4pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 4pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">$</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">410,158</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 4pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
</TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><I>The
accompanying notes are an integral part of these financial statements.</I></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: center"></P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: center"><A NAME="s_11"></A><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>BIOLITE
HOLDING, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES </B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>CONSOLIDATED
STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS</B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>FOR
THE YEARS ENDED DECEMBER 31, 2018 AND 2017</B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid">2018</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid">2017</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Cash flows from operating activities</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="width: 76%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">Net loss</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">$</TD><TD STYLE="width: 9%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">(1,963,227</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">)</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">$</TD><TD STYLE="width: 9%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">(6,669,921</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">)</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">Adjustments to reconcile net loss to net cash used
    in operating activities:</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; padding-left: 9pt">Depreciation &amp; amortization</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">43,610</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">43,996</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; padding-left: 9pt">Allowance for inventory valuation
    and obsolescence loss</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">180,387</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">-</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; padding-left: 9pt">Investment loss</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">395,476</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">34,139</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; padding-left: 9pt">Loss on investment in equity
    securities</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">256,126</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">4,443,876</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; padding-left: 9pt">Deferred tax</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">(366,947</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">)</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">(360,395</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">)</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; padding-left: 9pt">Changes in assets and liabilities:</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; padding-left: 0.25in">Decrease (increase) in
    accounts receivable</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">3,420</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">(724</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">)</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; padding-left: 0.25in">Decrease (increase) in
    receivable from collaboration revenue</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">-</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">1,054,913</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; padding-left: 0.25in">Decrease (increase) in
    due from related parties</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">47,807</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">(167,197</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">)</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; padding-left: 0.25in">Decrease (increase) in
    inventory</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">14,798</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">3,469</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; padding-left: 0.25in">Decrease (increase) in
    prepaid expenses and other deposits</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">(98,350</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">)</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">(56,973</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">)</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; padding-left: 0.25in">Increase (decrease) in
    accrued expenses and other current liabilities</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">302,695</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">(338,236</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">)</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; padding-left: 0.25in">Increase
    (decrease) in due to related parties</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">913,869</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">329,556</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; padding-left: 0.375in">Net cash used in operating
    activities</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">(270,336</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">)</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">(1,683,497</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">)</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">Cash flows from investing activities</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; padding-left: 9pt">Net proceeds from sales of investment
    in equity securities</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">517,920</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">128,480</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; padding-left: 9pt">Loan to related parties</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">-</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">(32,893</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">)</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; padding-left: 9pt">Long-term
    equity investment</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">(674,292</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">)</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">(7,803,713</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">)</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; padding-left: 0.375in">Net cash used in investing
    activities</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">(156,372</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">)</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">(7,708,126</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">)</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">Cash flows from financing activities</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; padding-left: 9pt">Net proceeds from the issuance
    of common stock</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">-</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">7,681,907</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; padding-left: 9pt">Proceeds from loan from related
    parties</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">161,020</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">914,427</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; padding-left: 9pt">Capital contribution from related
    parties under common control</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">-</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">6,579</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; padding-left: 9pt">Net proceeds from short-term
    bank loans</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">-</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">657,861</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; padding-left: 9pt">Net proceeds from short-term
    borrowing from third-parties</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">181,272</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">98,679</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; padding-left: 9pt">Repayment
    of long-term bank loans</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">(38,428</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">)</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">(34,156</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">)</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; padding-left: 0.375in">Net cash provided by
    financing activities</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">303,864</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">9,325,297</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">Effect of exchange rate changes
    on cash and cash equivalents</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">(4,016</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">)</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">8,979</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; padding-left: 0.375in">Net decrease in cash
    and cash equivalents</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">(126,860</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">)</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">(57,347</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">)</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">Cash and cash equivalents</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; padding-left: 0.125in">Beginning</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">313,504</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">370,851</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 4pt; padding-left: 0.125in">Ending</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 4pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">$</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">186,644</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 4pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 4pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">$</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">313,504</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 4pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">Supplemental disclosure of cash flows</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">Cash paid during the year for:</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; padding-bottom: 4pt; padding-left: 9pt">Income tax</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 4pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">$</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">-</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 4pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 4pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">$</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">-</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 4pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; padding-bottom: 4pt; padding-left: 9pt">Interest
    expense</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 4pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">$</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">83,480</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 4pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 4pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">$</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">92,238</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 4pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">Non-cash financing and investing activities</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; padding-bottom: 4pt; padding-left: 9pt">Capital
    contribution from related parties under common control</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 4pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">$</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">-</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 4pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 4pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">$</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">1,316</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 4pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
</TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><I>The
accompanying notes are an integral part of these financial statements</I></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: center"></P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: center"><A NAME="s_12"></A><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>BIOLITE
HOLDING, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES</B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>NOTES
TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS </B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>DECEMBER
31, 2018 </B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>&nbsp;</B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>NOTE
1. ORGANIZATION AND BUSINESS</B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>&nbsp;</B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">BioLite
Holding, Inc. (the &ldquo;BioLite Holding&rdquo;) was incorporated under the laws of the State of Nevada on July 27, 2016. BioLite
BVI, Inc. (the &ldquo;BioLite BVI&rdquo;), a wholly owned subsidiary of BioLite Holding, was incorporated in the British Virgin
Islands on September 13, 2016. BioLite Holding and BioLite BVI are holding companies and have not carried out substantive business
operations of their own.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">BioLite,
Inc., (the &ldquo;BioLite Taiwan&rdquo;) was incorporated on February 13, 2006 under the laws of Taiwan. BioLite is in the business
of developing and commercialization of new botanical drugs with application in central nervous system, autoimmunity, inflammation,
hematology, and oncology. In addition, BioLite Taiwan distributes dietary supplements made from extracts of Chinese herbs and
Maitake mushroom.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">In
January 2017, BioLite Holding, BioLite BVI, BioLite Taiwan, and certain shareholders of BioLite Taiwan entered into a share purchase
/ exchange agreement (the &ldquo;BioLite Share Purchase / Exchange Agreement&rdquo;). Pursuant to the BioLite Share Purchase /
Exchange Agreement, the shareholder participants to the BioLite Share Purchase / Exchange Agreement have sold their equity in
BioLite Taiwan and were using the proceeds from such sales to purchase shares of Common Stock of BioLite Holding at the same price
per share, resulting in their owning the same number of shares of Common Stock as they owned in the BioLite Taiwan. Upon closing
of the Share Purchase/ Exchange Agreement in August 2017, BioLite Holding ultimately owns via BioLite BVI approximately 73% of
BioLite Taiwan. The other shareholders who did not enter this Share Purchase/ Exchange Agreement retain their equity ownership
in BioLite Taiwan.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
fiscal year of BioLite Holding, BioLite BVI, and BioLite Taiwan (collectively referred to as &ldquo;the Company&rdquo;) ends on
December 31st.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>NOTE
2. SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES </B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>&nbsp;</B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B><I>Basis
of Presentation and Principles of Consolidation </I></B>&mdash; The accompanying consolidated financial statements, including
the accounts of BioLite Holding, BioLite BVI, and BioLite Taiwan, have been prepared in conformity with accounting principles
generally accepted in the United States of America. Since BioLite Holding, BioLite BVI, and BioLite Taiwan are the entities under
Dr. Tsung-Shann Jiang&rsquo;s common control prior to the Share Purchase / Exchange Agreement, the transaction is accounted for
as a restructuring transaction.&nbsp;All the assets and liabilities of BioLite Taiwan were transferred to BioLite Holding at their
respective carrying amounts on the closing date of Share Purchase / Exchange transaction. The Company has recast prior period
financial statements to reflect the conveyance of BioLite Taiwan&rsquo;s common shares as if the restructuring transaction had
occurred as of the earliest date of the financial statements. All material intercompany accounts, transactions, and profits have
been eliminated in consolidation. The nature of and effects on earnings per share (EPS) of nonrecurring intra-entity transactions
involving long-term assets and liabilities is not required to be eliminated and EPS amounts have been recast to include the earnings
(or losses) of the transferred net assets.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
functional currency of BioLite Taiwan is the New Taiwan dollars, however the accompanying consolidated financial statements have
been translated and presented in United States Dollars ($).&nbsp;In the accompanying consolidated financial statements and notes,
&ldquo;$&rdquo;, &ldquo;US$&rdquo; and &ldquo;U.S. dollars&rdquo; mean United States dollars, and &ldquo;NT$&rdquo; and &ldquo;NT
dollars&rdquo; mean New Taiwan dollars.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B><I>Going
Concern</I></B> &mdash; The accompanying consolidated financial statements have been prepared assuming the Company will continue
as a going concern. The Company has incurred losses since its inception resulting in an accumulated deficit of $11,445,109 and
$9,971,033 as of December 31, 2018 and 2017, respectively, and incurred net loss attributable to BioLite Holding, Inc. of $1,474,076
and $5,048,271 for the years ended December 31, 2018 and 2017, respectively. The Company also had working capital deficiency of
$4,948,233 and $3,327,457 at December 31, 2018 and 2017, respectively. The ability to continue as a going concern is dependent
upon the Company generating profitable operations in the future and/or obtaining the necessary financing to meet its obligations
and repay its liabilities arising from normal business operations when they become due. These consolidated financial statements
do not include any adjustments to the recoverability and classification of recorded asset amounts and classification of liabilities
that might be necessary should the Company upon signing of that agreement.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"></P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">In
order to continue as a going concern, the Company will need, among other things, additional capital resources. Management&rsquo;s
plans to obtain such resources for the Company include (1) obtaining capital from the sale of its equity securities (2) short-term
and long-term borrowings from banks and third-parties, and (3) short-term borrowings from stockholders or other related party(ies)
when needed. However, management cannot provide any assurance that the Company will be successful in accomplishing any of its
plans.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
ability of the Company to continue as a going concern is dependent upon its ability to successfully accomplish the plans described
in the preceding paragraph and eventually to secure other sources of financing and attain profitable operations.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B><I>Segment
Reporting </I></B>&mdash; The Company follows the provisions of ASC Topic 280, &ldquo;Segment Reporting&rdquo;, which establishes
standards for reporting information about operating segments, which uses a &ldquo;management&rdquo; approach for determining segments.
The management approach designates the internal organization that is used by management for making operating decisions and assessing
performance as the source of the Company&rsquo;s reportable segments. ASC Topic 280, &ldquo;Segment Reporting,&rdquo; also requires
disclosures about products or services, geographic areas, and major customers. The Company&rsquo;s management reporting structure
provided for only one segment in 2018 and 2017. Accordingly, no separate segment information is presented.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>Use
of Estimates</B> &mdash; The preparation of financial statements in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in
the United States of America (&ldquo;U.S. GAAP&rdquo;) requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported
amounts of assets and liabilities, the disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the balance sheet date and the reported
amounts of revenue and expenses during the reporting period. Actual results could differ from those estimates.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B><I>Concentration
of Credit Risk </I></B>&mdash; The Company&rsquo;s financial instruments that are exposed to concentrations of credit risk consist
primarily of cash and cash equivalents and restricted cash. The Company places its cash and temporary cash investments in high
quality credit institutions in Taiwan, but these investments may be in excess of Taiwan Central Deposit Insurance Corporation&rsquo;s
insurance limits. The Company does not enter into financial instruments for hedging, trading, or speculative purposes. Concentration
of credit risk with respect to accounts receivables is limited due to the wide variety of customers and markets in which the Company
transacts business, as well as their dispersion across many geographical areas. The Company performs ongoing credit evaluations
of its customers and generally does not require collateral, but does require advance deposits on certain transactions.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B><I>Cash
and Cash Equivalents &mdash; </I></B>The Company considers all highly liquid investments with maturities of three months or less
at the date of purchase to be cash equivalents.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B><I>Restricted
Cash Equivalents &mdash; </I></B>Restricted cash equivalents primarily consist of cash held in a reserve bank account associated
with short-term bank loans.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B><I>Accounts
Receivable, Receivable from Collaboration Partners, and Other Receivable &mdash; </I></B>Accounts receivable, receivable from
collaboration partners, and other receivables are stated at carrying value less estimates made for doubtful receivables. An allowance
for impairment of trade receivable, receivable from collaboration partners, and other receivables is established if the collection
of a receivable becomes doubtful. Such receivable becomes doubtful when there is objective evidence that the Company will not
be able to collect all amounts due according to the original terms of the receivables. Significant financial difficulties of the
debtor, probability that the debtor will enter into bankruptcy or financial reorganization, and default or delinquency in payments
are considered indicators that the receivable is impaired. The amount of the allowance is the difference between the asset&rsquo;s
carrying amount and the present value of estimated future cash flows, discounted at the original effective interest rate.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B><I>Inventory
&mdash; </I></B>Inventory consists of raw materials, work-in-process, finished goods, and merchandise. Inventories are stated
at the lower of cost or market and valued on a moving weighted average cost basis. Market is determined based on net realizable
value. The Company periodically reviews the age and turnover of its inventory to determine whether any inventory has become obsolete
or has declined in value, and incurs a charge to operations for known and anticipated inventory obsolescence. As of December 31,
2018 and 2017, the allowance for slow-moving inventory was $180,387 and $0, respectively.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B><I>&nbsp;</I></B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"></P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B><I>&nbsp;</I></B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B><I>Property
and Equipment &mdash; </I></B>Property and equipment is carried at cost net of accumulated depreciation. Repairs and maintenance
are expensed as incurred. Expenditures that improve the functionality of the related asset or extend the useful life are capitalized.
When property and equipment is retired or otherwise disposed of, the related gain or loss is included in operating income. Leasehold
improvements are depreciated on the straight-line method over the shorter of the remaining lease term or estimated useful life
of the asset. Depreciation is calculated on the straight-line method, including property and equipment under capital leases, generally
based on the following useful lives:</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<TABLE CELLSPACING="0" CELLPADDING="0" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse">
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="width: 79%; text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 20%; border-bottom: black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>Estimated&nbsp;Life
    </B></FONT><BR>
    <FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>in Years</B></FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: top; text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Buildings
    and leasehold improvements</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: center; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">5
    ~ 50</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: top; text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Machinery
    and equipment</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: center; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">5
    ~ 6</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: top; text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Office
    equipment</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: center; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">3
    ~ 6</FONT></TD></TR>
</TABLE>
<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B><I>&nbsp;</I></B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B><I>Impairment
of Long-Lived Assets </I></B>&mdash;The Company has adopted Accounting Standards Codification subtopic 360-10, Property, Plant
and Equipment (&ldquo;ASC 360-10&rdquo;). ASC 360-10 requires that long-lived assets and certain identifiable intangibles held
and used by the Company be reviewed for impairment whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying amount
of an asset may not be recoverable. The Company evaluates its long lived assets for impairment annually or more often if events
and circumstances warrant. Events relating to recoverability may include significant unfavorable changes in business conditions,
recurring losses, or a forecasted inability to achieve break-even operating results over an extended period. Should impairment
in value be indicated, the carrying value of intangible assets will be adjusted, based on estimates of future discounted cash
flows resulting from the use and ultimate disposition of the asset. ASC 360-10 also requires assets to be disposed of be reported
at the lower of the carrying amount or the fair value less costs to sell. Management has determined that no impairments of long-lived
assets currently exist.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B><I>Fair
Value Measurements </I></B>&mdash; FASB ASC 820, &ldquo;Fair Value Measurements&rdquo; defines fair value for certain financial
and nonfinancial assets and liabilities that are recorded at fair value, establishes a framework for measuring fair value and
expands disclosures about fair value measurements. It requires that an entity measure its financial instruments to base fair value
on exit price, maximize the use of observable units and minimize the use of unobservable inputs to determine the exit price. It
establishes a hierarchy which prioritizes the inputs to valuation techniques used to measure fair value. This hierarchy increases
the consistency and comparability of fair value measurements and related disclosures by maximizing the use of observable inputs
and minimizing the use of unobservable inputs by requiring that observable inputs be used when available. Observable inputs are
inputs that reflect the assumptions market participants would use in pricing the assets or liabilities based on market data obtained
from sources independent of the Company. Unobservable inputs are inputs that reflect the Company&rsquo;s own assumptions about
the assumptions market participants would use in pricing the asset or liability developed based on the best information available
in the circumstances. The hierarchy prioritizes the inputs into three broad levels based on the reliability of the inputs as follows:</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<TABLE CELLSPACING="0" CELLPADDING="0" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse">
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="width: 24px; text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 24px; text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#9679;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Level
    1 &ndash; Inputs are quoted prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities that the Company has the ability
    to access at the measurement date. Valuation of these instruments does not require a high degree of judgment as the valuations
    are based on quoted prices in active markets that are readily and regularly available.</FONT></TD></TR>
</TABLE>
<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<TABLE CELLSPACING="0" CELLPADDING="0" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse">
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="width: 24px; text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 24px; text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#9679;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Level
    2 &ndash; Inputs other than quoted prices in active markets that are either directly or indirectly observable as of the measurement
    date, such as quoted prices for similar assets or liabilities; quoted prices in markets that are not active; or other inputs
    that are observable or can be corroborated by observable market data for substantially the full term of the assets or liabilities.</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#9679;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Level
    3 &ndash; Valuations based on inputs that are unobservable and not corroborated by market data. The fair value for such assets
    and liabilities is generally determined using pricing models, discounted cash flow methodologies, or similar techniques that
    incorporate the assumptions a market participant would use in pricing the asset or liability.</FONT></TD></TR>
</TABLE>
<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"></P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
carrying values of certain assets and liabilities of the Company, such as cash and cash equivalents, restricted cash, accounts
receivable, other receivable, due from related parties, inventory, prepaid expenses and other current assets, accounts payable,
accrued liabilities, and due to related parties approximate fair value due to their relatively short maturities. The carrying
value of the Company&rsquo;s short-term bank loan and notes payable approximates their fair value as the terms of the borrowing
are consistent with current market rates and the duration to maturity is short. The carrying value of the Company&rsquo;s long-term
bank loan approximates fair value because the interest rates approximate market rates that the Company could obtain for debt with
similar terms and maturities.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B><I>Long-term
Equity Investment </I></B>&mdash; The Company acquires these equity investments to promote business and strategic objectives.
The Company accounts for non-marketable equity and other equity investments for which the Company does not have control over the
investees as:</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<TABLE CELLSPACING="0" CELLPADDING="0" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%">
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="width: 24px; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 24px; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#9679;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Equity
    method investments when the Company has the ability to exercise significant influence, but not control, over the investee.
    Its proportionate share of the income or loss is recognized monthly and is recorded in gains (losses) on equity investments.</FONT></TD></TR>
</TABLE>
<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<TABLE CELLSPACING="0" CELLPADDING="0" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%">
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="width: 24px; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 24px; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#9679;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Non-marketable
    cost method investments when the equity method does not apply.</FONT></TD></TR>
</TABLE>
<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Significant
judgment is required to identify whether an impairment exists in the valuation of the Company&rsquo;s non-marketable equity investments,
and therefore the Company considers this a critical accounting estimate. Its yearly analysis considers both qualitative and quantitative
factors that may have a significant impact on the investee&rsquo;s fair value. Qualitative analysis of its investments involves
understanding the financial performance and near-term prospects of the investee, changes in general market conditions in the investee&rsquo;s
industry or geographic area, and the management and governance structure of the investee. Quantitative assessments of the fair
value of its investments are developed using the market and income approaches. The market approach includes the use of comparable
financial metrics of private and public companies and recent financing rounds. The income approach includes the use of a discounted
cash flow model, which requires significant estimates regarding the investees&rsquo; revenue, costs, and discount rates. The Company&rsquo;s
assessment of these factors in determining whether an impairment exists could change in the future due to new developments or
changes in applied assumptions.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B><I>Other-Than-Temporary
Impairment</I></B> &mdash; The Company&rsquo;s long-term equity investments are subject to a periodic impairment review. Impairments
affect earnings as follows:</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<TABLE CELLSPACING="0" CELLPADDING="0" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%">
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="width: 24px; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 24px; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#9679;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Marketable
    equity securities include the consideration of general market conditions, the duration and extent to which the fair value
    is below cost, and our ability and intent to hold the investment for a sufficient period of time to allow for recovery of
    value in the foreseeable future. We also consider specific adverse conditions related to the financial health of, and the
    business outlook for, the investee, which may include industry and sector performance, changes in technology, operational
    and financing cash flow factors, and changes in the investee&rsquo;s credit rating. We record other-than-temporary impairments
    on marketable equity securities and marketable equity method investments in gains (losses) on equity investments.</FONT></TD></TR>
</TABLE>
<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<TABLE CELLSPACING="0" CELLPADDING="0" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%">
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="width: 24px; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 24px; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#9679;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Non-marketable
    equity investments based on our assessment of the severity and duration of the impairment, and qualitative and quantitative
    analysis of the operating performance of the investee; adverse changes in market conditions and the regulatory or economic
    environment; changes in operating structure or management of the investee; additional funding requirements; and the investee&rsquo;s
    ability to remain in business. A series of operating losses of an investee or other factors may indicate that a decrease in
    value of the investment has occurred that is other than temporary and that shall be recognized even though the decrease in
    value is in excess of what would otherwise be recognized by application of the equity method. A loss in value of an investment
    that is other than a temporary decline shall be recognized. Evidence of a loss in value might include, but would not necessarily
    be limited to, absence of an ability to recover the carrying amount of the investment or inability of the investee to sustain
    an earnings capacity that would justify the carrying amount of the investment. The Company records other-than-temporary impairments
    for non-marketable cost method investments and equity method investments in gains (losses) on equity investments. Other-than-temporary
    impairments of non-marketable equity investments were $33,532 and $4,277,708 for the years ended December 31, 2018 and 2017,
    respectively.</FONT></TD></TR>
</TABLE>
<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"></P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B><I>Post-retirement
and post-employment benefits &mdash; </I></B>The Company adopted the government mandated defined contribution plan pursuant to
the Labor Pension Act (the &ldquo;Act&rdquo;) in Taiwan. Such labor regulations require that the rate of contribution made by
an employer to the Labor Pension Fund per month shall not be less than 6% of the worker&rsquo;s monthly salaries. Pursuant to
the Act, the Company makes monthly contribution equal to 6% of employees&rsquo; salaries to the employees&rsquo; pension fund.
The Company has no legal obligation for the benefits beyond the contributions made. The total amounts for such employee benefits,
which were expensed as incurred, were $19,486 and $26,263 for the years ended December 31, 2018 and 2017, respectively. Other
than the above, the Company does not provide any other post-retirement or post-employment benefits.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B><I>&nbsp;</I></B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B><I>Revenue
Recognition &mdash;</I></B> During the fiscal year 2018, the Company adopted Accounting Standards Codification (&ldquo;ASC&rdquo;),
Topic 606 (ASC 606), Revenue from Contracts with Customers, using the modified retrospective method to all contracts that were
not completed as of January 1, 2018, and applying the new revenue standard as an adjustment to the opening balance of accumulated
deficit at the beginning of 2018 for the cumulative effect. The results for the Company&rsquo;s reporting periods beginning on
and after January 1, 2018 are presented under ASC 606, while prior period amounts are not adjusted and continue to be reported
under the accounting standards in effect for the prior period. Based on the Company&rsquo;s review of existing collaborative agreements
as of January 1, 2018, the Company concluded that the adoption of the new guidance did not have a significant change on the Company&rsquo;s
revenue during all periods presented.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Pursuant
to ASC 606, the Company recognizes revenue when its customer obtains control of promised goods or services, in an amount that
reflects the consideration that the Company expects to receive in exchange for those goods or services. To determine revenue recognition
for arrangements that the Company determines is within the scope of ASC 606, the Company performs the following five steps: (i)
identify the contract(s) with a customer; (ii) identify the performance obligations in the contract; (iii) determine the transaction
price; (iv) allocate the transaction price to the performance obligations in the contract; and (v) recognize revenue when (or
as) the Company satisfies a performance obligation. The Company only applies the five-step model to contracts when it is probable
that the Company will collect the consideration the Company is entitled to in exchange for the goods or services the Company transfers
to the customers. At inception of the contract, once the contract is determined to be within the scope of ASC 606, the Company
assesses the goods or services promised within each contract, determines those that are performance obligations, and assesses
whether each promised good or service is distinct. The Company then recognizes as revenue the amount of the transaction price
that is allocated to the respective performance obligation when (or as) the performance obligation is satisfied.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
following are examples of when the Company recognizes revenue based on the types of payments the Company receives.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 0 0.25in; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>Merchandise
Sales&nbsp;<I>&mdash;&nbsp;</I></B>The Company recognizes net revenues from dietary supplements product sales when customers obtain
control of the Company&rsquo;s products, which typically occurs upon delivery to customer. Product revenues are recorded at the
net sales price, or &ldquo;transaction price,&rdquo; which includes applicable reserves for variable consideration, including
discounts, allowances, and returns.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 0 0.25in; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 0 0.25in; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><I>Trade
discount and allowances</I>: The Company generally provides invoice discounts on product sales to its customers for prompt payment.
The Company estimates that, based on its experience, its customers will earn these discounts and fees, and deducts the full amount
of these discounts and fees from its gross product revenues and accounts receivable at the time such revenues are recognized.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 0 0.25in; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 0 0.25in; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><I>Product
returns</I>: The Company estimates the amount of each product that will be returned and deducts these estimated amounts from its
gross revenues at the time the revenues are recognized. The Company&rsquo;s customers have the right to return unopened packages,
subject to contractual limitations.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 0 0.25in; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 0 0.25in; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">To
date, product allowance and returns have been minimal and, based on its experience, the Company believes that returns of its products
will continue to be minimal.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 0 0.25in; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 0 0.25in; text-align: justify"></P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 0 0.25in; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 0 0.25in; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>Collaborative
Revenues &mdash;&nbsp;</B>The Company recognizes collaborative revenues generated through collaborative research, development
and/or commercialization agreements. The terms of these agreements typically include payment to the Company related to one or
more of the following: nonrefundable upfront license fees, development and commercial milestones, partial or complete reimbursement
of research and development costs, and royalties on net sales of licensed products. Each type of payments results in collaborative
revenues except for revenues from royalties on net sales of licensed products, which are classified as royalty revenues. To date,
we have not received any royalty revenues. Revenue is recognized upon satisfaction of a performance obligation by transferring
control of a good or service to the collaboration partners.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 0 0.25in; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 0 0.25in; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">As
part of the accounting for these arrangements, the Company applies judgment to determine whether the performance obligations are
distinct, and develop assumptions in determining the stand-alone selling price for each distinct performance obligation identified
in the collaboration agreements. To determine the stand-alone selling price, the Company relies on assumptions which may include
forecasted revenues, development timelines, reimbursement rates for R&amp;D personnel costs, discount rates and probabilities
of technical and regulatory success.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 0 0.25in; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 0 0.25in; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
Company had multiple deliverables under the collaborative agreements, including deliverables relating to grants of technology
licenses, regulatory and clinical development, and marketing activities. Estimation of the performance periods of the Company&rsquo;s
deliverables requires the use of management&rsquo;s judgment. Significant factors considered in management&rsquo;s evaluation
of the estimated performance periods include, but are not limited to, the Company&rsquo;s experience in conducting clinical development,
regulatory and manufacturing activities. The Company reviews the estimated duration of its performance periods under its collaborative
agreements on an annually basis, and makes any appropriate adjustments on a prospective basis. Future changes in estimates of
the performance period under its collaborative agreements could impact the timing of future revenue recognition.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<TABLE CELLSPACING="0" CELLPADDING="0" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%">
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="width: 24px; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 29px; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(i)</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Nonrefundable
    upfront payments</FONT></TD></TR>
</TABLE>
<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 0 0.25in; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 0 0.5in; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">If
a license to the Company&rsquo;s intellectual property is determined to be distinct from the other performance obligations identified
in an arrangement, the Company recognizes revenue from the related nonrefundable upfront payments based on the relative standalone
selling price prescribed to the license compared to the total selling price of the arrangement. The revenue is recognized when
the license is transferred to the collaboration partners and the collaboration partners who are able to use and benefit from the
license. To date, the receipt of nonrefundable upfront fees was solely for the compensation of past research efforts and contributions
made by the Company before the collaborative agreements entered into and it does not relate to any future obligations and commitments
made between the Company and the collaboration partners in the collaborative agreements.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<TABLE CELLSPACING="0" CELLPADDING="0" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%">
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="width: 24px; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 29px; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(ii)</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Milestone
    payments</FONT></TD></TR>
</TABLE>
<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 0 0.25in; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 0 0.5in; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
Company is eligible to receive milestone payments under the collaborative agreement with collaboration partners based on achievement
of specified development, regulatory and commercial events. Management evaluated the nature of the events triggering these contingent
payments, and concluded that these events fall into two categories: (a) events which involve the performance of the Company&rsquo;s
obligations under the collaborative agreement with collaboration partners, and (b) events which do not involve the performance
of the Company&rsquo;s obligations under the collaborative agreement with collaboration partners.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 0 0.5in; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
former category of milestone payments consists of those triggered by development and regulatory activities in the territories
specified in the collaborative agreements. Management concluded that each of these payments constitute substantive milestone payments.
This conclusion was based primarily on the facts that (i) each triggering event represents a specific outcome that can be achieved
only through successful performance by the Company of one or more of its deliverables, (ii) achievement of each triggering event
was subject to inherent risk and uncertainty and would result in additional payments becoming due to the Company, (iii) each of
the milestone payments is nonrefundable, (iv) substantial effort is required to complete each milestone, (v) the amount of each
milestone payment is reasonable in relation to the value created in achieving the milestone, (vi) a substantial amount of time
is expected to pass between the upfront payment and the potential milestone payments, and (vii) the milestone payments relate
solely to past performance. Based on the foregoing, the Company recognizes any revenue from these milestone payments in the period
in which the underlying triggering event occurs.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"></P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<TABLE CELLSPACING="0" CELLPADDING="0" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%">
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="width: 24px; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 29px; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(iii)</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Multiple
    Element Arrangements</FONT></TD></TR>
</TABLE>
<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 0 0.5in; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 0 0.5in; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
Company evaluates multiple element arrangements to determine (1)&nbsp;the deliverables included in the arrangement and (2)&nbsp;whether
the individual deliverables represent separate units of accounting or whether they must be accounted for as a combined unit of
accounting. This evaluation involves subjective determinations and requires management to make judgments about the individual
deliverables and whether such deliverables are separate from other aspects of the contractual relationship. Deliverables are considered
separate units of accounting provided that: (i)&nbsp;the delivered item(s) has value to the customer on a standalone basis and
(ii)&nbsp;if the arrangement includes a general right of return relative to the delivered item(s), delivery or performance of
the undelivered item(s) is considered probable and substantially within its control. In assessing whether an item under a collaboration
has standalone value, the Company considers factors such as the research, manufacturing, and commercialization capabilities of
the collaboration partner and the availability of the associated expertise in the general marketplace. The Company also considers
whether its collaboration partners can use the other deliverable(s) for their intended purpose without the receipt of the remaining
element(s), whether the value of the deliverable is dependent on the undelivered item(s), and whether there are other vendors
that can provide the undelivered element(s).</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 0 0.5in; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
Company recognizes arrangement consideration allocated to each unit of accounting when all of the revenue recognition criteria
in ASC 606 are satisfied for that particular unit of accounting. In the event that a deliverable does not represent a separate
unit of accounting, the Company recognizes revenue from the combined unit of accounting over the Company&rsquo;s contractual or
estimated performance period for the undelivered elements, which is typically the term of the Company&rsquo;s research and development
obligations. If there is no discernible pattern of performance or objectively measurable performance measures do not exist, then
the Company recognizes revenue under the arrangement on a straight-line basis over the period the Company is expected to complete
its performance obligations. Conversely, if the pattern of performance in which the service is provided to the customer can be
determined and objectively measurable performance measures exist, then the Company recognizes revenue under the arrangement using
the proportional performance method. Revenue recognized is limited to the lesser of the cumulative amount of payments received
or the cumulative amount of revenue earned, as determined using the straight-line method or proportional performance method, as
applicable, as of the period ending date.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 0 0.5in; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">At
the inception of an arrangement that includes milestone payments, the Company evaluates whether each milestone is substantive
and at risk to both parties on the basis of the contingent nature of the milestone. This evaluation includes an assessment of
whether: (1)&nbsp;the consideration is commensurate with either the Company&rsquo;s performance to achieve the milestone or the
enhancement of the value of the delivered item(s) as a result of a specific outcome resulting from its performance to achieve
the milestone, (2)&nbsp;the consideration relates solely to past performance and (3)&nbsp;the consideration is reasonable relative
to all of the deliverables and payment terms within the arrangement. The Company evaluates factors such as the scientific, clinical,
regulatory, commercial, and other risks that must be overcome to achieve the particular milestone and the level of effort and
investment required to achieve the particular milestone in making this assessment. There is considerable judgment involved in
determining whether a milestone satisfies all of the criteria required to conclude that a milestone is substantive. Milestones
that are not considered substantive are recognized as earned if there are no remaining performance obligations or over the remaining
period of performance, assuming all other revenue recognition criteria are met.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<TABLE CELLSPACING="0" CELLPADDING="0" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%">
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="width: 24px; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 29px; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(iv)</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Royalties
    and Profit Sharing Payments</FONT></TD></TR>
</TABLE>
<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 0 0.25in; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 0 0.5in; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Under
the collaborative agreement with the collaboration partners, the Company is entitled to receive royalties on sales of products,
which is at certain percentage of the net sales. The Company recognizes revenue from these events based on the revenue recognition
criteria set forth in ASC 606. Based on those criteria, the Company considers these payments to be contingent revenues, and recognizes
them as revenue in the period in which the applicable contingency is resolved.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B><I>&nbsp;</I></B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"></P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B><I>&nbsp;</I></B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B><I>Income
Taxes </I></B>&mdash; Income taxes are accounted for under the asset and liability method. Deferred tax assets and liabilities
are recognized for the future tax consequences attributable to differences between the financial statement carrying amounts of
existing assets and liabilities and their respective tax bases and operating loss and tax credit carry forwards. Deferred tax
assets and liabilities are measured using enacted tax rates expected to apply to taxable income in the years in which those temporary
differences are expected to be recovered or settled. The effect on deferred tax assets and liabilities of a change in tax rates
is recognized in income in the period that includes the enactment date.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B><I>Valuation
of Deferred Tax Assets </I></B>&mdash; A valuation allowance is recorded to reduce our deferred tax assets to the amount that
is more likely than not to be realized. In assessing the need for the valuation allowance, management considers, among other things,
projections of future taxable income and ongoing prudent and feasible tax planning strategies. If the Company determines that
sufficient negative evidence exists, then it will consider recording a valuation allowance against a portion or all of the deferred
tax assets in that jurisdiction. If, after recording a valuation allowance, the Company&rsquo;s projections of future taxable
income and other positive evidence considered in evaluating the need for a valuation allowance prove, with the benefit of hindsight,
to be inaccurate, it could prove to be more difficult to support the realization of our deferred tax assets. As a result, an additional
valuation allowance could be required, which would have an adverse impact on its effective income tax rate and results. Conversely,
if, after recording a valuation allowance, the Company determines that sufficient positive evidence exists in the jurisdiction
in which the valuation allowance was recorded, it may reverse a portion or all of the valuation allowance in that jurisdiction.
In such situations, the adjustment made to the deferred tax asset would have a favorable impact on its effective income tax rate
and results in the period such determination was made. See Note 13 for information related to income taxes, including the recorded
balances of its valuation allowance related to deferred tax assets.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
Company applied the provisions of ASC 740-10-50, &ldquo;Accounting For Uncertainty In Income Taxes&rdquo;, which provides clarification
related to the process associated with accounting for uncertain tax positions recognized in our financial statements. Audit periods
remain open for review until the statute of limitations has passed. The completion of review or the expiration of the statute
of limitations for a given audit period could result in an adjustment to the Company&rsquo;s liability for income taxes. Any such
adjustment could be material to the Company&rsquo;s results of operations for any given quarterly or annual period based, in part,
upon the results of operations for the given period. As of December 31, 2018 and 2017, management considered that the Company
had no uncertain tax positions, and will continue to evaluate for uncertain positions in the future.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B><I>Share-Based
Compensation &mdash;</I></B> <FONT STYLE="background-color: white">The Company accounts for its stock-based compensation in accordance
with ASC 718, Compensation&mdash;Stock Compensation, which establishes accounting for stock-based awards granted to employees
for services and requires companies to expense the estimated fair value of these awards over the requisite service period. </FONT>The
Company recognizes share-based compensation expense for share-based compensation awards granted to its employees and officers.
Compensation expense for share-based compensation awards granted is based on the grant date fair value estimate for each award
as determined by its board of directors. The Company recognizes these compensation costs on a straight-line basis over the requisite
service period of the award, which is generally one to two years. As share-based compensation expense recognized is based on awards
ultimately expected to vest, such expense is reduced for estimated forfeitures. During the years ended December 31, 2018 and 2017,
the Company did not record any employee stock-based compensation expenses.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
Company estimates the fair value of stock-based compensation awards at the date of grant using the Black-Scholes option pricing
model, which requires the input of highly subjective assumptions, including the fair value of the underlying Common Stock, expected
term of the option, expected volatility of the price of its Common Stock, risk-free interest rates, and the expected dividend
yield of our Common Stock. The assumptions used in the Company&rsquo;s option-pricing model represent management&rsquo;s best
estimates. These estimates involve inherent uncertainties and the application of management&rsquo;s judgment. If factors change
and different assumptions are used, the Company&rsquo;s stock-based compensation expense could be materially different in the
future.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"></P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">These
assumptions and estimates are as follows:</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<TABLE CELLSPACING="0" CELLPADDING="0" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%">
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="width: 0.25in; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 24px; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#9679;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Fair
    value of the underlying Common Stock. Because the Company&rsquo;s stocks are not publicly traded, the assumptions used in
    the valuation model are based on future expectations combined with management judgment. In the absence of a public trading
    market, the board of directors, with input from management, exercised significant judgment and considered numerous objective
    and subjective factors to determine the fair value of our Common Stock as of the date of each option grant, including the
    following factors:</FONT></TD></TR>
</TABLE>
<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 0 0.5in; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">a)
contemporaneous valuations performed by unrelated third-party specialists;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 0 0.5in; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">b)
the lack of marketability of its Common Stock;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 0 0.5in; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">c)
the Company&rsquo;s actual operating and financial performance, and current business conditions and projections;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 0 0.5in; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">d)
the Company&rsquo;s hiring of key personnel and the experience of our management;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 0 0.5in; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">e)
the Company&rsquo;s history and the timing of the introduction of new products and services;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">In
valuing the Common Stock, the fair value of the underlying Common Stock was determined by using the value indications under a
combination of valuation approaches, including a discounted cash flow analysis under the income approach, market approaches, and
the latest round of equity financing at grant date</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<TABLE CELLSPACING="0" CELLPADDING="0" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%">
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="width: 0.25in; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 24px; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#9679;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Expected
    term. The expected term represents the period that the stock-based compensation awards are expected to be outstanding. Since
    the Company did not have sufficient historical information to develop reasonable expectations about future exercise behavior,
    it used the simplified method to compute expected term, which represents the average of the time-to-vesting and the contractual
    life.</FONT></TD></TR>
</TABLE>
<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<TABLE CELLSPACING="0" CELLPADDING="0" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%">
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="width: 0.25in; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 24px; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#9679;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Expected
    volatility. As the Company does not have a trading history for its Common Stock, the expected stock price volatility for its
    Common Stock was estimated by taking the mean standard deviation of stock prices for selected companies in biotechnogy industry
    listed in Taiwan&rsquo;s stock markets.</FONT></TD></TR>
</TABLE>
<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<TABLE CELLSPACING="0" CELLPADDING="0" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%">
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="width: 0.25in; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 24px; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#9679;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Risk-free
    interest rate. The risk-free interest rate is based on the U.S. Treasury yield curve in effect at the time of grant for zero
    coupon U.S. Treasury notes with maturities approximately equal to the expected term of the options.</FONT></TD></TR>
</TABLE>
<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<TABLE CELLSPACING="0" CELLPADDING="0" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%">
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="width: 0.25in; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 24px; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#9679;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Expected
    dividend yield. The Company has never declared or paid any cash dividends and do not presently plan to declare or pay cash
    dividends in the foreseeable future. Consequently, we used an expected dividend yield of zero.</FONT></TD></TR>
</TABLE>
<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
valuations are highly complex and subjective. Following the completion of this offering, Common Stock valuations will no longer
be necessary as the Company will rely on market prices to determine the fair value of its Common Stock.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B><I>Foreign-currency
Transactions</I></B> &mdash; For the Company&rsquo;s subsidiaries in Taiwan, the foreign-currency transactions are recorded in
New Taiwan dollars (&ldquo;NTD&rdquo;) at the rates of exchange in effect when the transactions occur. Gains or losses resulting
from the application of different foreign exchange rates when cash in foreign currency is converted into New Taiwan dollars, or
when foreign-currency receivables or payables are settled, are credited or charged to income in the year of conversion or settlement.
On the balance sheet dates, the balances of foreign-currency assets and liabilities are restated at the prevailing exchange rates
and the resulting differences are charged to current income except for those foreign currencies denominated investments in shares
of stock where such differences are accounted for as translation adjustments under Equity.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B><I>&nbsp;</I></B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B><I>Translation
Adjustment</I></B> &mdash; The accounts of BioLite Taiwan was maintained, and its financial statements were expressed, in New
Taiwan Dollar (&ldquo;NT$&rdquo;). Such financial statements were translated into U.S. Dollars (&ldquo;$&rdquo; or &ldquo;USD&rdquo;)
in accordance ASC 830, &ldquo;Foreign Currency Matters&rdquo;, with the NT$ as the functional currency. According to the Statement,
all assets and liabilities are translated at the current exchange rate, stockholder&rsquo;s deficit are translated at the historical
rates and income statement items are translated at an average exchange rate for the period. The resulting translation adjustments
are reported under other comprehensive income as a component of stockholders&rsquo; equity.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><I>&nbsp;</I></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"></P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><I>&nbsp;</I></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B><I>Research
and Development </I></B>&mdash; The Company accounts for R&amp;D costs in accordance with Accounting Standards Codification (&ldquo;ASC&rdquo;)
730, Research and Development (&ldquo;ASC 730&rdquo;). Research and development expenses are charged to expense as incurred unless
there is an alternative future use in other research and development projects or otherwise. Research and development expenses
are comprised of costs incurred in performing research and development activities, including personnel-related costs, share-based
compensation, and facilities-related overhead, outside contracted services including clinical trial costs, manufacturing and process
development costs for both clinical and preclinical materials, research costs, upfront and development milestone payments under
collaborative agreements and other consulting services. Non-refundable advance payment for goods and services that will be used
in future research and development activities are expensed when the activity has been performed or when the goods have been received
rather than when the payment is made. In instances where the Company enters into agreements with third parties to provide research
and development services, costs are expensed as services are performed. Amounts due under such arrangements may be either fixed
fee or fee for service, and may include upfront payments, monthly payments, and payments upon the completion of milestones or
receipt of deliverables. <FONT STYLE="background-color: white">Research and development expense was $319,053 and $256,682 for
the years ended December 31, 2018 and 2017, respectively.</FONT></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt; background-color: white"><B><I>Promotional
and Advertising Costs</I></B></FONT><B> <FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&mdash;
</FONT></B><FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Promotional and advertising costs are classified as selling
and general and administrative expenses, and are expensed as incurred. Promotional and advertising expenses consist primarily
of the costs of designing, producing, and distributing materials promoting the Company and its products, including its corporate
website. Promotional and advertising costs were $419 and $842 for the years ended December 31, 2018 and 2017, respectively.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B><I>Statement
of Cash Flows</I> &mdash; </B>Cash flows from the Company&rsquo;s operations are based upon the local currencies. As a result,
amounts related to assets and liabilities reported on the statement of cash flows will not necessarily agree with changes in the
corresponding balances on the balance sheet. In November 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016-18, Restricted Cash , which requires amounts
generally described as restricted cash and restricted cash equivalents be included with cash and cash equivalents when reconciling
the total beginning and ending amounts for the periods shown on the statement of cash flows. The Company adopted ASU 2016-18 in
the fourth quarter of 2018 and the impact on its consolidated financial statements is not material as the Company's restricted
cash balances are immaterial.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B><I>Comprehensive
Income</I></B> &mdash; Comprehensive income includes accumulated foreign currency translation gains and losses. The Company has
reported the components of comprehensive income in its statements of operations and comprehensive income (loss).</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B><I>Recently
Issued Accounting Pronouncements</I></B> &mdash; In February 2016, the FASB issued ASU No. 2016-02, &ldquo;Leases.&rdquo; The
core principle of the ASU is that a lessee should recognize the assets and liabilities that arise from its leases other than those
that meet the definition of a short-term lease. The ASU requires extensive qualitative and quantitative disclosures, including
with respect to significant judgments made by management. Subsequently, the FASB issued ASU No. 2017-13, in September 2017 and
ASU No. 2018-01, in January 2018, which amends and clarifies ASU 2016-02. The ASU will be effective for the Company beginning
January 1, 2019, including interim periods in the fiscal year 2019. Early adoption is permitted. The Company is in the process
of determining the method of adoption and assessing the impact of this ASU on its consolidated results of operations, cash flows,
financial position and disclosures.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">In
November 2016, the FASB issued ASU No. 2016-18,&nbsp;Statement of Cash Flows: Restricted Cash. This ASU&nbsp;<FONT STYLE="background-color: white">requires
changes in restricted cash during the period to be included with cash and cash equivalents when reconciling the beginning-of-period
and end-of-period total amounts shown on the statement of cash flows. If cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash are presented
in more than one line item on the balance sheet, the new guidance requires a reconciliation of the total in the statement of cash
flows to the related captions in the balance sheet. </FONT>This guidance was effective for annual and interim periods of public
entities beginning after December 15, 2017<FONT STYLE="background-color: white">. The amendments in this ASU are applied retrospectively
to all periods presented.&nbsp;The Company</FONT> adopted this guidance in the fourth quarter of 2018.&nbsp;<FONT STYLE="background-color: white">The
adoption of this ASU&nbsp;</FONT>increased&nbsp;the Company&rsquo;s beginning and ending cash balances within its consolidated
statements of cash flows. The adoption had no other material impacts to its consolidated statements of cash flows and had no impact
on its results of operations or financial position.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">In
February 2018, the FASB issued Accounting Standards Update No. 2018-02 (ASU 2018-02), Income Statement - Reporting Comprehensive
Income (Topic 220). The guidance in ASU 2018-02 allows an entity to elect to reclassify the stranded tax effects related to the
Tax Cuts and Jobs Act (the Tax Act) of 2017 from accumulated other comprehensive income into retained earnings. ASU 2018-02 is
effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2018, with early adoption permitted. Early adoption of the amendments
in this Update is permitted, including adoption in any interim period, (1) for public business entities for reporting periods
for which financial statements have not yet been issued and (2) for all other entities for reporting periods for which financial
statements have not yet been made available for issuance. The amendments in this Update should be applied either in the period
of adoption or retrospectively to each period (or periods) in which the effect of the change in the U.S. federal corporate income
tax rate in the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act is recognized. The Company does not expect the adoption of this standard to have a material
effect on its consolidated financial statements.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"></P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">In
August 2018, the FASB issued ASU 2018-13, Fair Value Measurement (&ldquo;Topic 820&rdquo;): Disclosure Framework - Changes to
the Disclosure Requirements for Fair Value Measurement. The ASU modifies the disclosure requirements in Topic 820, Fair Value
Measurement, by removing certain disclosure requirements related to the fair value hierarchy, modifying existing disclosure requirements
related to measurement uncertainty and adding new disclosure requirements, such as disclosing the changes in unrealized gains
and losses for the period included in other comprehensive income for recurring Level 3 fair value measurements held at the end
of the reporting period and disclosing the range and weighted average of significant unobservable inputs used to develop Level
3 fair value measurements. This ASU is effective for public companies for annual reporting periods and interim periods within
those annual periods beginning after December 15, 2019. The Company is currently evaluating the effect, if any, that the ASU will
have on its financial statements.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">In
November 2018, the FASB issued ASU 2018-18,&nbsp;Collaborative arrangements (Topic 808): Clarifying the interaction between Topic
808 and Topic 606. ASU 2018-18 clarifies that certain transactions between participants in a collaborative arrangement should
be accounted for under ASC 606 when the counterparty is a customer and precludes an entity from presenting consideration from
a transaction in a collaborative arrangement as revenue from contracts with customers if the counterparty is not a customer for
that transaction. For public business entities, these amendments are effective for fiscal years beginning after December 2019,
and interim periods therein. Early adoption is permitted, including adoption in any interim period, for entities that have adopted
ASC 606. The Company is currently evaluating the impact that ASU 2018-18 will have on its consolidated financial statements.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>NOTE
3. COLLABORATIVE AGREEMENTS</B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<TABLE CELLSPACING="0" CELLPADDING="0" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%">
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="width: 24px; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>(a)</B></FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>Collaborative
    agreements with BHK</B></FONT></TD></TR>
</TABLE>
<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 0 0.25in; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(i)
On February 24, 2015, BioLite Taiwan and BioHopeKing Corporation (the &ldquo;BHK&rdquo;) entered into a co-development agreement,
(the &ldquo;BHK Co-Development Agreement&rdquo;), pursuant to which it is collaborative with BHK to develop and commercialize
BLI-1401-2 (Botanical Drug) Triple Negative Breast Cancer (TNBC) Combination Therapy (BLI-1401-2 Products) in Asian countries
excluding Japan for all related intellectual property rights, and has developed it for medicinal use in collaboration with outside
researchers. The development costs shall be shared 50/50 between BHK and the Company. The BHK Co-Development Agreement will remain
in effect for fifteen years from the date of first commercial sale of the Product in in Asia excluding Japan.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 0 0.25in; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 0 0.25in; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">On
July 27, 2016, BioLite Taiwan and BHK agreed to amend the payment terms of the milestone payment in an aggregate amount of $10
million based on the following schedule:</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<TABLE CELLSPACING="0" CELLPADDING="0" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%">
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="width: 48px; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 24px; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#9679;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Upon
    the signing of the BHK Co-Development Agreement: $1 million, or 10% of total payment</FONT></TD></TR>
</TABLE>
<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<TABLE CELLSPACING="0" CELLPADDING="0" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%">
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="width: 48px; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 24px; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#9679;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Upon
    the first Investigational New Drug (IND) submission and BioLite Taiwan will deliver all data to BHK according to FDA Reviewing
    requirement: $1 million, or 10% of total payment</FONT></TD></TR>
</TABLE>
<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<TABLE CELLSPACING="0" CELLPADDING="0" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%">
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="width: 48px; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 24px; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#9679;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">At
    the completion of first phase II clinical trial: $1 million, or 10% of total payment</FONT></TD></TR>
</TABLE>
<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<TABLE CELLSPACING="0" CELLPADDING="0" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%">
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="width: 48px; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 24px; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#9679;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">At
    the initiation of phase III of clinical trial research: $3 million, or 30% of total payment</FONT></TD></TR>
</TABLE>
<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<TABLE CELLSPACING="0" CELLPADDING="0" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%">
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="width: 48px; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 24px; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#9679;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Upon
    the New Drug Application (NDA) submission: $4 million, or 40% of total payment</FONT></TD></TR>
</TABLE>
<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"></P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 0 0.25in; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">In
December 2015, BHK has paid a non-refundable upfront cash payment of $1 million, or 10% of $10,000,000, upon the signing of BHK
Co-Development Agreement. The Company concluded that the deliverables are considered separate units of accounting as the delivered
items have value to the customer on a standalone basis and recognized this cash receipt as collaboration revenue when all research,
technical, and development data was delivered to BHK in 2015. The receipt is for the compensation of past research efforts and
contributions made by BioLite Taiwan before this collaborative agreement was signed and it does not relate to any future commitments
made by BioLite Taiwan and BHK in this collaborative agreement. In August 2016, the Company has received the second milestone
payment of NT$31,649,000, approximately equivalent to $1 million, and recognized collaboration revenue for the year ended December
31, 2016. As of the date of this report, the Company has not completed the first phase II clinical trial.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 0 0.25in; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">In
addition to the milestone payments, BioLite Taiwan&nbsp;is entitled to receive royalty on 12% of BHK&rsquo;s net sales related
to BLI-1401-2 Products. As of December 31, 2018 and 2017, the Company has not earned the royalty under the BHK Co-Development
Agreement.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 0 0.25in; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 0 0.25in; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(ii)
On December 9, 2015, BioLite Taiwan entered into another two collaborative agreements (the &ldquo;BHK Collaborative Agreements&rdquo;),
pursuant to which it is collaborative with BHK to co-develop and commercialize BLI-1005 for &ldquo;Targeting Major Depressive
Disorder&rdquo; (BLI-1005 Products) and BLI-1006 for &ldquo;Targeting Inflammatory Bowel Disease&rdquo; (BLI-1006 Products) in
Asia excluding Japan for all related intellectual property rights, and has developed it for medicinal use in collaboration with
outside researchers. The development costs shall be shared 50/50 between BHK and the Company. The BHK Co-Development Agreement
will remain in effect for fifteen years from the date of first commercial sale of the Product in in Asia excluding Japan.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 0 0.25in; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 0 0.25in; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">In
2015, the Company recognized the cash receipt in a total of NT$50 million, approximately equivalent to $1.6 million, as collaboration
revenue when all research, technical, and development data was delivered to BHK. The Company concluded that the deliverables are
considered separate units of accounting as the delivered items have value to the customer on a standalone basis and recognized
this payment as collaboration revenue when all research, technical, data and development data was delivered to BHK. The cash receipt
is for the compensation of past research efforts and contributions made by BioLite Taiwan before this BHK Collaborative Agreements
was signed and it does not relate to any future commitments made by BioLite Taiwan and BHK in this BHK Collaborative Agreements.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 0 0.25in; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 0 0.25in; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">In
addition to the total of NT$50 million, approximately equivalent to $1.60 million, BioLite Taiwan is entitled to receive 50% of
the future net licensing income or net sales profit. As of December 31, 2018 and 2017, the Company has not earned the royalty
under the BHK Collaborative Agreements.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<TABLE CELLSPACING="0" CELLPADDING="0" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%">
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="width: 24px; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>(b)</B></FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>Collaborative
    Agreement with BriVision</B></FONT></TD></TR>
</TABLE>
<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 0 0.25in; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">On
December 29, 2015, BioLite Taiwan and BriVision entered into a collaborative agreement (the &ldquo;BriVision Collaborative Agreement&rdquo;),
pursuant to which it is collaborative with BriVision to develop and commercialize five products, including BLI-1005 CNS-Major
Depressive Disorder, BLI-1008 CNS-Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder, BLI-1401-1 Anti-Tumor Combination Therapy &ndash;
Solid Tumor with Anti-PD-1, BLI-1401-2 Anti-Tumor Combination Therapy &ndash; Triple Negative Breast Cancer, and BLI-1501 Hematology-Chronic
Lymphocytic Leukemia ( collectively &ldquo;Five Products&rdquo;) in the United States of America and Canada for all related intellectual
property rights, and has developed it for medicinal use in collaboration with outside researchers. On January 12, 2017, BioLite
Taiwan entered into an Addendum (the &ldquo;Addendum&rdquo;) to the BriVision Collaborative Agreement, pursuant to which BioLite
Taiwan and BriVision agreed to include one more product, namely, &ldquo;Maitake Combination Therapy&rdquo; as one of the Products
defined in the BioLite Collaborative Agreement (the &ldquo;Sixth Product&rdquo;) and defined the Territory of the Sixth Product
to be worldwide and restate the Territory of the Five Products to be the U.S.A and Canada. The BriVision Collaborative Agreement
will remain in effect for fifteen years from the date of first commercial sale of the Five Products in the North America Region.
Either party may terminate upon thirty days&rsquo; prior written notice for breach or insolvency.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 0 0.25in; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 0 0.25in; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Under
the BioLite Collaborative Agreement, BriVision should pay a total of $100,000,000 in cash or stock of BriVision with equivalent
value, according to the following schedule:</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<TABLE CELLSPACING="0" CELLPADDING="0" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%">
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="width: 48px; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 24px; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#9679;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Upfront
    payment shall be made upon the signing of this BioLite Collaborative Agreement: 3.5% of total payment. After receiving upfront
    payment from BriVision, BioLite Taiwan has to deliver all data to BriVision in one week</FONT></TD></TR>
</TABLE>
<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"></P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLSPACING="0" CELLPADDING="0" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%">
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="width: 48px; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 24px; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#9679;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Upon
    the first IND submission, BriVision shall pay, but no later than December 15, 2016: 6.5% of total payment. After receiving
    second payment from BriVision, BioLite has to deliver IND package to BriVision in one week.</FONT></TD></TR>
</TABLE>
<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<TABLE CELLSPACING="0" CELLPADDING="0" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%">
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="width: 48px; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 24px; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#9679;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">At
    the completion of first phase II clinical trial, BriVision shall pay: 15% of total payment.
    After receiving third payment from BriVision, BioLite has to deliver phase II clinical study report to BriVision in three
    months.</FONT></TD></TR>
</TABLE>
<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<TABLE CELLSPACING="0" CELLPADDING="0" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%">
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="width: 48px; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 24px; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#9679;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Upon
    the phase III IND submission, BriVision shall pay: 20% of total payment. After receiving
    forth payment from BriVision, BioLite has to deliver IND package to BriVision in one week.</FONT></TD></TR>
</TABLE>
<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<TABLE CELLSPACING="0" CELLPADDING="0" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%">
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="width: 48px; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 24px; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#9679;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">At
    the completion of phase III, BriVision shall pay: 25% of total payment. After receiving
    fifth payment from BriVision, BioLite has to deliver phase III clinical study report to BriVision in three months.</FONT></TD></TR>
</TABLE>
<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<TABLE CELLSPACING="0" CELLPADDING="0" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%">
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="width: 48px; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 24px; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#9679;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Upon
    the NDA submission, BriVision shall pay BriVision shall pay: 30% of total payment. After
    receiving sixth payment from BriVision, BioLite has to deliver NDA package to BriVision in one week.</FONT></TD></TR>
</TABLE>
<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 0 0.25in; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">An
upfront payment of $3,500,000 (the &ldquo;Milestone Payment&rdquo;), or 3.5% of $100,000,000, was due in December 2015 under the
BriVision Collaborative Agreement. On May 6, 2016, BioLite Taiwan and BriVision amended the payment terms under the BriVision
Collaborative Agreement, whereby BriVision has agreed to pay the upfront payment to the Company $2,600,000 in cash and $900,000
in newly issued shares of Common Stock of BriVision&rsquo;s holding company, American BriVision (Holding) Corporation (&ldquo;ABVC&rdquo;),
a Nevada company, at the price of $1.60 per share, for an aggregate number of 562,500 shares. The cash payment and shares issuance
were completed in June 2016. The Company concluded that the deliverables are considered separate units of accounting as the delivered
items have value to the customer on a standalone basis. The receipt is for the compensation of past research efforts and contributions
made by BioLite Taiwan before this collaborative agreement was signed and it does not relate to any future commitments made by
BioLite Taiwan and BriVision in this collaborative agreement.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 0 0.25in; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 0 0.25in; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">In
March 2016, BioLite Taiwan has submitted the first IND and delivered the IND package to BriVision. In February 2017, BriVision
agreed to pay the 6.5% of total payment, $6,500,000 to BioLite Taiwan with $650,000 in cash and $5,850,000 in the form of newly
issued shares of Common Stock of ABVC, at the price of $2.0 per share based on the quoted price (for the shares) provided by OTC
Markets Group Inc., for an aggregate number of 2,925,000 shares. Since the Common Stock shares of ABVC are lightly traded in the
over-the-counter market, the Company considered to utilize other fair value inputs, such as the bid-ask spread, in determining
the fair value of the shares at December 31, 2017. As of the date of this report, the first phase II clinical trial research has
not completed yet.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 0 0.25in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 0 0.25in; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Since
both BioLite Taiwan, BriVision, and ABVC are related parties and under common control by Dr. Tsung-Shann Jiang, the Company has
recorded the full amount of $6,500,000 and $3,500,000 in connection with the BriVision Collaborative Agreement as additional paid-in
capital during the years ended December 31, 2016 and 2015, respectively.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 0 0.25in; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 0 0.25in; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Under
the BriVision Collaborative Agreement, BioLite Taiwan is also entitled to 5% of net sales of the Products. There have not been
any commercial sales since the BriVision Collaborative Agreement became effective.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 0 0.25in; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 0 0.25in; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
Company evaluated the various collaboration agreements in accordance with the provisions of ASC Topic 606. The Company&rsquo;s
arrangement with BHK contains the following deliverables: (i)&nbsp;the license right to develop and use proprietary technology
and confidential information for BLI-1401-2 Products, and its related intellectual property rights (the &ldquo;BLI-1401-2 Deliverable&rdquo;),
(ii) the license right to develop and use proprietary technology and confidential information for BLI-1005 Products, and its related
intellectual property rights (the &ldquo;BLI-1005 Deliverable&rdquo;), and (iii)&nbsp;the license right to develop and use proprietary
technology and confidential information for BLI-1006 Products, and its related intellectual property rights (the &ldquo;BLI-1006
Deliverable&rdquo;). The Company&rsquo;s arrangement with BriVision contains the license right to develop and use proprietary
technology and confidential information for the Five Products and the Sixth Product, and their related intellectual property rights
(the &ldquo;Five Products and the Sixth Product Deliverable).</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 0 0.25in; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 0 0.25in; text-align: justify"></P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 0 0.25in; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 0 0.25in; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
Company has concluded that each of herein deliverables identified at the inception of the arrangement has standalone value from
each of the elements based on their nature. Factors considered in this determination included, among other things, the capabilities
of the collaboration partner, whether any other vendor sells the item separately, whether the value of the deliverable is dependent
on the other elements in the arrangement, whether there are other vendors that can provide the items and if the customer could
use the item for its intended purpose without the other deliverables in the arrangement. Additionally, the Collaboration Agreements
do not include a general right of return. Accordingly, each of herein deliverables included in the BHK and BriVision arrangements
qualifies as a separate unit of accounting. Therefore, the Company has identified seven units of accounting in connection with
its obligations under the collaboration arrangement with BHK and BriVision as follows: (i) BLI-1005 Products, (ii) BLI-1006 Products,
(iii) BLI-1008 Products, (iv) BLI-1401-1 Products, (v) BLI-1401-2 Products, (vi) BLI-1401-2 Products, and (vii) Maitake Product
(the Sixth Product).</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>NOTE
4. INVENTORY</B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Inventory
consists of the following:</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid">December&nbsp;31,<BR>
    2018</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid">December&nbsp;31,<BR>
    2017</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="width: 76%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Merchandise</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">$</TD><TD STYLE="width: 9%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">1,318</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">$</TD><TD STYLE="width: 9%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">4,951</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">Finished goods</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">100,736</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">104,454</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Work-in-process</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">20,243</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">20,885</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">Raw materials</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">56,691</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">69,418</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">Allowance for inventory valuation
    and obsolescence loss</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">(177,670</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">)</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">-</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; padding-bottom: 4pt">&nbsp;Inventory, net</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 4pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">$</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">1,318</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 4pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 4pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">$</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">199,708</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 4pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
</TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>NOTE
5. LONG-TERM INVESTMENTS</B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0; text-align: center; margin-bottom: 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<TABLE CELLSPACING="0" CELLPADDING="0" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%">
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="width: 24px; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(1)</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
    ownership percentages of each investee are listed as follows:</FONT></TD></TR>
</TABLE>
<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="6" STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center">Ownership percentage</TD><TD STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="6" STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid">As
    of December 31,</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom">
    <TD STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid">Name of related party</TD><TD STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid">2018</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid">2017</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid">Accounting
    treatment</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="width: 59%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">Braingenesis Biotechnology Co., Ltd.</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="width: 9%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">0.23</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">%</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="width: 9%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">0.23</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">%</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 16%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center">Cost Method</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">Genepharm Biotech Corporation</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">0.98</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">%</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">0.98</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">%</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center">Cost Method</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">BioHopeKing Corporation</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">9.71</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">%</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">9.60</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">%</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center">Cost Method</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">BioFirst Corporation</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">21.56</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">%</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">21.51</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">%</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center">Equity Method</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">American BriVision (Holding) Corp.</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">2.28</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">%</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">2.32</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">%</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center">Equity Method</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">Rgene Corporation</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">9.69</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">%</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">13.04</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">%</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center">Equity Method</TD></TR>
</TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<TABLE CELLSPACING="0" CELLPADDING="0" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%">
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="width: 24px; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(2)</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
    extent the investee relies on the company for its business are summarized as follows:</FONT></TD></TR>
</TABLE>
<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<TABLE CELLSPACING="0" CELLPADDING="0" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse">
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="white-space: nowrap; width: 33%; border-bottom: black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; background-color: White"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>Name
    of related party</B></FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; background-color: White"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 66%; border-bottom: black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; background-color: White"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>The
    extent the investee relies on the company for its business</B></FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="white-space: nowrap; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; background-color: White"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Braingenesis
    Biotechnology Co., Ltd.</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; background-color: White"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="white-space: nowrap; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; background-color: White"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">No
    specific business relationship</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="white-space: nowrap; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; background-color: White"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Genepharm
    Biotech Corporation</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; background-color: White"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="white-space: nowrap; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; background-color: White"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">No
    specific business relationship</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="white-space: nowrap; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; background-color: White"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">BioHopeKing
    Corporation</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; background-color: White"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="white-space: nowrap; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; background-color: White"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Collaborating
    with the Company to develop and commercialize drugs</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="white-space: nowrap; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; background-color: White"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">American
    BriVision (Holding) Corp. </FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; background-color: White"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="white-space: nowrap; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; background-color: White"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Collaborating
    with the Company to develop and commercialize drugs</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="white-space: nowrap; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; background-color: White"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Rgene
    Corporation</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; background-color: White"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="white-space: nowrap; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; background-color: White"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Provide
    working capital to the investee </FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="white-space: nowrap; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; background-color: White"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">BioFirst
    Corporation</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; background-color: White"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="white-space: nowrap; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; background-color: White"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Loan
    from the investee and provide research and development support service</FONT></TD></TR>
</TABLE>
<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"></P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<TABLE CELLSPACING="0" CELLPADDING="0" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%">
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="width: 24px; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(3)</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Long-term
    investment mainly consists of the following:</FONT></TD></TR>
</TABLE>
<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="6" STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid">As
    of December 31,</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid">2018</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid">2017</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Non-marketable Cost Method Investments, net</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="width: 76%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; padding-left: 9pt">Braingenesis Biotechnology
    Co., Ltd.</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">$</TD><TD STYLE="width: 9%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">7,213</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">$</TD><TD STYLE="width: 9%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">7,442</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; padding-left: 9pt">Genepharm Biotech Corporation</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">22,021</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">22,720</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; padding-left: 9pt">BioHopeKing
    Corporation (NOTE 3 &amp; 12)</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">1,956,429</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">2,261,524</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; padding-left: 0.25in">Sub
    total</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">1,985,663</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">2,291,686</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">Equity Method Investments, net</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; padding-left: 9pt">BioFirst Corporation (NOTE 12)</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">1,502,506</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">1,894,283</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; padding-left: 9pt">American BriVision (Holding)
    Corp. (NOTE 3 &amp; 12)</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">-</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">-</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; padding-left: 9pt">Rgene
    Corporation (NOTE 12)</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">-</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">-</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 4pt; padding-left: 0.25in">Total</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 4pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">$</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">3,488,169</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 4pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 4pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">$</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">4,185,969</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 4pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
</TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><I>&nbsp;</I></FONT></P>

<TABLE CELLSPACING="0" CELLPADDING="0" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%">
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="width: 24px; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(a)</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">BioFirst
    Corporation (the &ldquo;BioFirst):</FONT></TD></TR>
</TABLE>
<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 0 0.25in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
Company holds an equity interest in BioFirst Corporation, (the &ldquo;BioFirst&rdquo;), accounting for its equity interest using
the equity method to accounts for its equity investment as prescribed in ASC 323, Investments&mdash;Equity Method and Joint Ventures
(&ldquo;ASC 323&rdquo;). Equity method adjustments include the Company&rsquo;s proportionate share of investee&rsquo;s income
or loss and other adjustments required by the equity method. As of December 31, 2018 and 2017, the Company owns 21.56% and 21.51%
Common Stock shares of BioFirst, respectively.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 0 0.25in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 0 0.25in; text-indent: 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Summarized
financial information for the Company&rsquo;s equity method investee, BioFirst, is as follows:</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 0 0.25in; text-indent: 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 0 0.25in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><I>Balance
Sheets</I></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="6" STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid">As
    of December 31,</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid">2018</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid">2017</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="width: 76%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">Current Assets</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">$</TD><TD STYLE="width: 9%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">7,551,898</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">$</TD><TD STYLE="width: 9%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">6,903,042</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">Noncurrent Assets</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">1,608,460</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">2,730,701</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">Current Liabilities</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">1,648,206</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">318,074</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">Shareholders&rsquo; Equity</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">7,512,152</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">9,315,669</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
</TABLE>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 0 0.25in; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><I>Statement
of operations</I></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="6" STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid">Year
    Ended December 31,</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid">2018</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid">2017</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="width: 76%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">Net sales</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">$</TD><TD STYLE="width: 9%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">44,694</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">$</TD><TD STYLE="width: 9%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">3,030,034</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">Gross Profit</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">9,055</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">3,003,885</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">Net income (loss)</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">(1,569,813</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">)</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">1,665,472</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">Share of loss from investments accounted for using
    the equity method</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">222,594</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">358,243</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
</TABLE>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<TABLE CELLSPACING="0" CELLPADDING="0" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%">
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="width: 24px; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(b)</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">American
    BriVision (Holding) Corp. (the &ldquo;ABVC&rdquo;):</FONT></TD></TR>
</TABLE>
<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 0 0.25in; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Both
ABVC and the Company are under common control by Dr. Tsung-Shann Jiang, the CEO and chairman of the Company. Since Dr. Tsung-Shann
Jiang is able to exercise significant influence, but not control, over the American BriVision (Holding) Corp., (the &ldquo;ABVC&rdquo;),
the Company determined to use the equity method to accounts for its equity investment as prescribed in ASC 323, Investments&mdash;Equity
Method and Joint Ventures (&ldquo;ASC 323&rdquo;). Equity method adjustments include the Company&rsquo;s proportionate share of
investee&rsquo;s income or loss and other adjustments required by the equity method. As of December 31, 2018 and 2017, the Company
owns 2.28% and 2.32% Common Stock shares of ABVC, respectively.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 0 0.25in; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 0 0.25in; text-align: justify"></P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 0 0.25in; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 0 0.25in; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Summarized
financial information for the Company&rsquo;s equity method investee, ABVC, is as follows:</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 0 0.25in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 0 0.25in; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><I>Balance
Sheets</I></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="6" STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid">As
    of December 31,</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid">2018</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid">2017</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="width: 76%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">Current Assets</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">$</TD><TD STYLE="width: 9%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">96,273</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">$</TD><TD STYLE="width: 9%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">2,643,332</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">Current Liabilities</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">5,568,224</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">4,400,247</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">Noncurrent Liabilities</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">277,467</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">-</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">Shareholders&rsquo; Equity (Deficit)</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">(5,749,418</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">)</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">(1,756,915</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">)</TD></TR>
</TABLE>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 0 0.25in; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><I>Statement
of operations</I></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="6" STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid">Year
    Ended December 31,</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid">2018</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid">2017</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">Net sales</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">$</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">-</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">$</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">-</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">Gross Profit</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">-</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">-</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="width: 76%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">Net loss</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="width: 9%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">(4,101,303</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">)</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="width: 9%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">(4,242,860</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">)</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">Share of loss from investments accounted for using
    the equity method</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">-</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">(98,434</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">)</TD></TR>
</TABLE>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<TABLE CELLSPACING="0" CELLPADDING="0" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%">
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="width: 24px; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(c)</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Rgene
    Corporation (the &ldquo;Rgene&rdquo;):</FONT></TD></TR>
</TABLE>
<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 0 0.25in; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Both
Rgene and the Company are under common control by Dr. Tsung-Shann Jiang, the CEO and chairman of the Company. Since Dr. Tsung-Shann
Jiang is able to exercise significant influence, but not control, over the Rgene, the Company determined to use the equity method
to accounts for its equity investment as prescribed in ASC 323, Investments&mdash;Equity Method and Joint Ventures (&ldquo;ASC
323&rdquo;). Equity method adjustments include the Company&rsquo;s proportionate share of investee&rsquo;s income or loss and
other adjustments required by the equity method. As of December 31, 2018 and 2017 the Company owns 9.69% and 13.04% Common Stock
shares of Rgene, respectively.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 0 0.25in; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 0 0.25in; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Summarized
financial information for the Company&rsquo;s equity method investee, Rgene, is as follows:</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 0 0.25in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 0 0.25in; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><I>Balance
Sheets</I></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="6" STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid">As
    of December 31,</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid">2018</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid">2017</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="width: 76%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">Current Assets</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">$</TD><TD STYLE="width: 9%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">98,168</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">$</TD><TD STYLE="width: 9%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">48,557</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">Noncurrent Assets</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">14,779</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">81</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">Current Liabilities</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">261,685</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">3,118,897</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">Shareholders&rsquo; Equity (Deficit)</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">(148,738</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">)</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">(3,070,259</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">)</TD></TR>
</TABLE>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 0 0.25in; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><I>Statement
of operations</I></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="6" STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid">Year
    Ended December 31,</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid">2018</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid">2017</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">Net sales</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">$</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">-</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">$</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">-</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">Gross Profit</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">-</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">-</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="width: 76%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">Net loss</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="width: 9%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">(120,065</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">)</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="width: 9%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">(3,266,696</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">)</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">Share of loss from investments accounted for using
    the equity method</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">-</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">(425,977</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">)</TD></TR>
</TABLE>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"></P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0; width: 100%"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; text-align: justify">
<TD STYLE="width: 0"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(4)</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Disposition
                                         of long-term investment</FONT></TD>
</TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 0 0.25in; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">During
the year ended December 31, 2018, the Company sold 552,000 shares of common stock of BioHopeKing Corporation (the &ldquo;BHK&rdquo;)
at prices ranging from NT$25, equivalent $0.82, to NT$32, equivalent $1.05, to two directors of BHK and 25 individuals. As a result
of the transactions, the Company recognized investment loss of $395,476 for the same period.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 0 0.25in; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 0 0.25in; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">On
October 15, 2018 and November 2, 2018, the Company subsequently purchased an aggregate of 200,000 and 366,200 shares of common
stock of BHK at NT$10, equivalent to $0.33, and NT$50, equivalent $1.64, from one of directors of BHK and eleven shareholders
of BHK, respectively. The percentage of ownership accordingly increased to 9.71% as of December 31, 2018.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<TABLE CELLSPACING="0" CELLPADDING="0" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%">
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="width: 24px; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(5)</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Gains
    (Losses) on Equity Investments</FONT></TD></TR>
</TABLE>
<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
components of gains (losses) on equity investments for each period were as follows:</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="6" STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid">For
    the Year Ended December&nbsp;31,</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid">2018</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid">2017</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="width: 76%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">Share of equity method investee losses</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">$</TD><TD STYLE="width: 9%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">(222,594</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">)</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">$</TD><TD STYLE="width: 9%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">(166,168</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">)</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">Impairments</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">(33,532</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">)</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">(4,277,708</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">)</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; padding-bottom: 4pt">Total gains (losses) on equity
    investments</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 4pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">$</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">(256,126</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 4pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">)</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 4pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">$</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">(4,443,876</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 4pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">)</TD></TR>
</TABLE>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>NOTE
6. PROPERTY AND EQUIPMENT</B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Property
and equipment as of December 31, 2018 and 2017 are summarized as follows:</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid">December&nbsp;31,
    <BR> 2018</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid">December&nbsp;31,<BR>
    2017</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="width: 76%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify">Land</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">$</TD><TD STYLE="width: 9%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">363,416</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">$</TD><TD STYLE="width: 9%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">374,953</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify">Buildings and leasehold improvements</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">290,403</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">299,623</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify">Machinery and equipment</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">87,356</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">90,130</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">Office equipment</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">21,292</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">21,968</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">762,467</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">786,674</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">Less: accumulated depreciation</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">(252,401</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">)</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">(216,098</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">)</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; padding-bottom: 4pt">Property and equipment,
    net</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 4pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">$</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">510,066</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 4pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 4pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">$</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">570,576</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 4pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
</TABLE>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Depreciation
expenses were $43,610 and $43,996 for the years ended December 31, 2018 and 2017, respectively.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>NOTE
7. BANK LOANS</B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>&nbsp;</B></FONT></P>

<TABLE CELLSPACING="0" CELLPADDING="0" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%">
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="width: 24px; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(1)</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Short-term
    bank loan consists of the following:</FONT></TD></TR>
</TABLE>
<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center">December&nbsp;31,</TD><TD STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center">December&nbsp;31,</TD><TD STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid">2018</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid">2017</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="width: 76%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify">Cathay United Bank</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">$</TD><TD STYLE="width: 9%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">245,250</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">$</TD><TD STYLE="width: 9%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">253,036</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">CTBC Bank</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">654,000</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">674,764</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; padding-bottom: 4pt">Total</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 4pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">$</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">899,250</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 4pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 4pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">$</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">927,800</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 4pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
</TABLE>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>&nbsp;</B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"></P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>&nbsp;</B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><U>Cathay
United Bank</U></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">On
June 28, 2016, BioLite Taiwan and Cathay United Bank entered into a one-year bank loan agreement (the &ldquo;Cathay United Loan
Agreement&rdquo;) in an amount of NT$7,500,000, equivalent to $245,250. The term started June 28, 2016 with maturity date at June
28, 2017. The loan balance bears interest at a floating rate of prime rate plus 1.15%. The prime rate is based on term deposit
saving interest rate of Cathay United Bank. On September 6, 2017, BioLite Taiwan extended the Cathay United Loan Agreement for
one year, which was due on September 6, 2018, with the principal amount of NT$7,500,000, equivalent to $245,250. On October 1,
2018, BioLite Taiwan extended the Cathay United Loan Agreement with the same principal amount of NT$7,500,000, equivalent to $245,250
for one year, which is due on September 6, 2019. As of December 31, 2018 and 2017, the effective interest rates per annum were
2.22%. The loan is collateralized by the building and improvement of BioLite Taiwan, and is also personal guaranteed by the Company&rsquo;s
chairman.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Interest
expenses were $5,073 and $4,096 for the years ended December 31, 2018 and 2017, respectively.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>&nbsp;</B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><U>CTBC
Bank</U></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">On
June 12, 2017 and July 19, 2017, BioLite Taiwan and CTBC Bank entered into short-term saving secured bank loan agreements (the
&ldquo;CTBC Loan Agreements&rdquo;) in an amount of NT$10,000,000, equivalent to $327,000, and NT$10,000,000, equivalent to $327,000,
respectively. Both two loans with the same maturity date at January 19, 2018. In February 2018, BioLite Taiwan combined two loans
and extended the loan contract with CTBC for one year. On January 18, 2019, BioLite Taiwan and CTBC Bank agreed to extend the
loan with a new maturity date, which is July 18, 2019. The loan balances bear interest at a fixed rate of 1.63% per annum. The
loan is secured by the money deposited in a savings account with the CTBC Bank. This loan is also personal guaranteed by the Company&rsquo;s
chairman and BioFirst.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Interest
expenses were $10,919 and $4,849 for the years ended December 31, 2018 and 2017, respectively.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>&nbsp;</B></FONT></P>

<TABLE CELLSPACING="0" CELLPADDING="0" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%">
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="width: 24px; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(2)</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Long-term
    bank loan consists of the following:</FONT></TD></TR>
</TABLE>
<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center">December&nbsp;31,</TD><TD STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center">December&nbsp;31,</TD><TD STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid">2018</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid">2017</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="width: 76%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify">Cathay United Bank</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">$</TD><TD STYLE="width: 9%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">55,092</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">$</TD><TD STYLE="width: 9%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">95,893</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">Less: current portion
    of long-term bank loan</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">(39,835</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">)</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">(40,203</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">)</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; padding-bottom: 4pt">Total</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 4pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">$</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">15,257</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 4pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 4pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">$</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">55,690</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 4pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
</TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">On
April 30, 2010, BioLite Taiwan entered a seven-year bank loan of NT$8,900,000, equivalent to $291,030, with Cathay United Bank.
The term started April 30, 2010 with maturity date at April 30, 2017. On April 30, 2017, BioLite Taiwan extended the original
loan agreement for additional three years with the new maturity date at April 30, 2020. The loan balance bears interest at a floating
rate of prime rate plus variable rates from 0.77% to 1.17%. The prime rate is based on term deposit saving interest rate of Cathay
United Bank. As of December 31, 2018 and 2017, the actual interest rates per annum were 2.24%. The loan is collateralized by the
building and improvement of BioLite Taiwan, and is also personal guaranteed by the Company&rsquo;s chairman.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Interest
expenses were $1,719 and $2,305 for the years ended December 31, 2018 and 2017, respectively.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>&nbsp;</B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>NOTE
8. NOTES PAYABLE</B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>&nbsp;</B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">On
November 27, 2017, BioLite Taiwan and Cheng-Chi International Co., Ltd., a Taiwanese company, entered into a promissory note for
borrowing an aggregate amount of NT$6,000,000, equivalent to $196,200, for the period from November 27, 2017 to January 11, 2018.
The principal of promissory note bears interest at 12% per annum. This promissory note is secured by 700,000 Common Stock shares
of ABVC and is also personal guaranteed by the Company&rsquo;s chairman. On January 11, 2018, the principal and accrued interest
totaling NT$6,090,000, equivalent to $199,143, has been paid in full.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">On
March 27, 2018, BioLite Taiwan and two individuals entered into a promissory note, (the &ldquo;Hsu and Chow Promissory Note&rdquo;),
for borrowing an aggregate amount of NT$4,660,000, equivalent to $152,382, for the period from March 27, 2018 to June 26, 2018.
On September 26, 2018, the company extended the original loan agreement through December 26, 2018. As of the date of this report,
BioLite Taiwan and Hsu and Chow are still negotiating to extend this promissory note. The principal of the Hsu and Chow Promissory
Note bears interest at 13.6224% per annum. This Hsu and Chow Promissory Note was secured by common stock shares of ABVC and was
also personal guaranteed by the Company&rsquo;s chairman. Interest expense was $16,315 and $0 for the years ended December 31,
2018 and 2017, respectively.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"></P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">During
the year ended December 31, 2018, BioLite Taiwan also entered various unsecured loan agreements bearing interest at fixed rates
between 12% and 13.6224% per annum with three individuals to advance in aggregate of NT$10,500,000, equivalent to $343,350, for
working capital purpose. The term of the loan varies from one month to three months with various maturity dates through May 25,
2018. As of the date of this report, BioLite Taiwan is still in discussion with the three individuals with respect to the terms
of extension for the unsecured loans. Interest expense was $46,636 and $0 for the years ended December 31, 2018 and 2017, respectively.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">On
December 27, 2018, BioLite Taiwan issued a promissory note of NT$450,000, equivalent to $14,715, to Taipei Veterans General Hospital
to repay the clinical experiment costs. The note has been paid in full on January 2, 2019.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>&nbsp;</B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>NOTE
9. ACCRUED EXPENSES</B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Accrued
expenses mainly consist of the following:</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid">December&nbsp;31,<BR>
    2018</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid">December&nbsp;31,<BR>
    2017</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="width: 76%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify">Accrued salaries and bonus</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">$</TD><TD STYLE="width: 9%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">120,914</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">$</TD><TD STYLE="width: 9%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">45,862</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify">Accrued employee benefits and pension expenses</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">7,502</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">9,390</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify">Accrued professional service fees</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">32,457</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">8,300</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify">Accrued research and development expenses</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">23,179</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">2,656</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify">Accrued cost of collaboration revenue payable</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">274,028</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">400,600</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify">Accrued litigation payable (Note 15)</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">6,181</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">-</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">Others</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">22,311</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">44,404</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; padding-bottom: 4pt">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 4pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">$</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">486,572</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 4pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 4pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">$</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">511,212</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 4pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
</TABLE>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>NOTE
10. OTHER PAYABLE</B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Other
payable mainly consists of the following:</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0; text-align: center; margin-bottom: 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid">December&nbsp;31,<BR>
    2018</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid">December&nbsp;31,<BR>
    2017</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="width: 76%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">Other payable</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">$</TD><TD STYLE="width: 9%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">5,689</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">$</TD><TD STYLE="width: 9%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">4,532</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">Taiwan income tax withholding payable</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">70,940</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">11,756</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">Temporary receipts</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">124,508</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">-</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 4pt">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 4pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">$</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">201,137</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 4pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 4pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">$</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">16,288</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 4pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
</TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>NOTE
11. SHARE-BASED COMPENSATION</B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">On
November 15, 2013, the Board of Directors of BioLite Taiwan approved the adoption of the 2013 Stock Option and Incentive Plan,
(the &ldquo;2013 Plan&rdquo;), providing for the issuance under 2013 Plan of options and rights to purchase up to two million
seventy thousand (2,070,000) shares of Common Stock. Awards of incentive options may be granted under the 2013 Plan until December
31, 2017. As of December 31, 2018 and 2017, there were 0 and 487,000 shares available for issuance under the 2013 Plan, respectively,
which provides for the grant of share-based awards to employees and officers.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B><I>Plan
Administration</I></B> &#9472; The 2013 Plan may be administered by the full Board of Directors of BioLite Taiwan. The Board of
BioLite Taiwan has full power to select, from among the individuals eligible for awards, the individuals to whom awards will be
granted, to make any combination of awards to participants, and to determine the specific terms and conditions of each award,
subject to the provisions of the 2013 Plan.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B><I>&nbsp;</I></B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"></P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B><I>&nbsp;</I></B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B><I>Eligibility
</I>&#9472; </B>Persons eligible to participate in 2013 Plan will be those full-time employees and officers of the Company as
selected from time to time by the Board of BioLite Taiwan in its discretion.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B><I>&nbsp;</I></B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B><I>Limits
&#9472; </I></B>Under 2013 Plans, stock options granted to any individual employee cannot exceed 25% of the Plan, neither to exceed
3% of the total Common Stock shares issued by BioLite Taiwan.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B><I>&nbsp;</I></B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B><I>Stock
Options &#9472; </I></B>The option exercise price of each option under both plans was determined by the Company&rsquo;s status
at the date of grant: (i) before public offering date: the option exercise price would be NT$12.5, equivalent to $0.39, per share
and NT$15.0, equivalent to $0.46, per share for the 2013 Plan, respectively, (ii) after public offering date: the exercise price
would be decided by the Board of BioLite Taiwan, and not less than the book value per share on the latest financial report before
the date of grant, (iii) after been listed on the secondary market, the option exercise price would be the market price, but not
less than the par value of the Common Stock. The exercise price of an option may not be reduced after the date of the option grant,
other than to appropriately reflect changes in our capital structure. The term of the option was determined by the Board of Directors
of BioLite Taiwan, under the 2013 Plan, employees could exercise 50%, 75%, and 100% of the options at 6 months, 12 months and
24 months after the date of grant. In general, unless otherwise permitted by the Board of BioLite Taiwan, no option granted under
2013 Plan are transferable by the optionee other than by will or by the laws of descent and distribution, and options may be exercised
during the optionee&rsquo;s lifetime only by the optionee, or by the optionee&rsquo;s legal representative or guardian in the
case of the optionee&rsquo;s incapacity.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Under
2013 Plan, upon exercise of options, the option exercise price must be paid in full either in cash, by certified or bank check,
or other instrument acceptable to the Board BioLite Taiwan. Subject to applicable law, the exercise price may also be delivered
to BioLite Taiwan by a broker pursuant to irrevocable instructions to the broker from the optionee. To qualify as incentive options,
options must meet additional tax requirements.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B><I>Tax
Withholding &#9472; </I></B>Participants in the 2013 Plan are responsible for the payment of any taxes that BioLite Taiwan is
required by law to withhold upon the exercise of options or vesting of other awards. Subject to approval by the Board, participants
may elect to have the minimum tax withholding obligations satisfied by authorizing BioLite Taiwan to withhold shares of Common
Stock to be issued pursuant to the exercise or vesting.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B><I>Amendments
and Termination &#9472; </I></B>The Board of Directors of BioLite Taiwan may at any time amend or discontinue the 2013 Plan, and
the Board of BioLite Taiwan may at any time amend or cancel any outstanding award for the purpose of satisfying changes in the
law or for any other lawful purpose. However, no such action may adversely affect any rights under any outstanding award without
the holder&rsquo;s consent. Any amendments that materially change the terms of 2013 Plan will be subject to approval by the administrative
authorities.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
following table summarizes the stock option activity under the 2013 Plan, and related information:</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom">
    <TD COLSPAN="17" STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid">Options
    Outstanding</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center">Number of</TD><TD STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center">Weighted-</TD><TD STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center">Shares</TD><TD STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center">Weighted-</TD><TD STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center">Average</TD><TD STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center">Underlying</TD><TD STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center">Average</TD><TD STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center">Remaining</TD><TD STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center">Aggregate</TD><TD STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center">Outstanding</TD><TD STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center">Exercise</TD><TD STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center">Contractual</TD><TD STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center">Intrinsic</TD><TD STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid">Options</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid">Price</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid">Life
    (Years)</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid">Value</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="width: 52%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Outstanding &ndash; January&nbsp;1, 2017</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="width: 9%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">487,000</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">$</TD><TD STYLE="width: 9%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">0.4600</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="width: 9%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">2.13</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">$</TD><TD STYLE="width: 9%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;-</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-left: 9pt">Granted</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">-</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">-</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">-</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">-</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-left: 9pt">Exercised</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">-</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">-</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">-</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">-</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; padding-left: 9pt">Forfeited
    or cancelled</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">-</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">-</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">-</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">-</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 4pt">Outstanding &ndash; December&nbsp;31, 2017</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 4pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">487,000</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 4pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 4pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; padding-bottom: 2.5pt">$</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right; padding-bottom: 2.5pt">0.4600</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 4pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 4pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right; padding-bottom: 2.5pt">2.13</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 4pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 4pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">$</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">-</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 4pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-left: 9pt">Granted</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">-</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">-</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">-</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">-</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-left: 9pt">Exercised</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">-</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">-</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">-</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">-</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; padding-left: 9pt">Forfeited
    or cancelled</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">(487,000</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">)</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">-</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">-</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">-</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 4pt">Outstanding &ndash; December&nbsp;31, 2018</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 4pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">-</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 4pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 4pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">$</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">-</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 4pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 4pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">-</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 4pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 4pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">$</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">-</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 4pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 4pt">Exercisable &ndash; December 31, 2018</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 4pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">-</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 4pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 4pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">$</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">-</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 4pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 4pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">-</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 4pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 4pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">$</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">-</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 4pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; padding-bottom: 4pt">Vested and expected to vest
    &ndash; December 31, 2018</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 4pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">-</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 4pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 4pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">$</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">-</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 4pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 4pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">-</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 4pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 4pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">$</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">-</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 4pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 4pt">Exercisable &ndash; December&nbsp;31, 2017</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 4pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">487,000</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 4pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 4pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; padding-bottom: 2.5pt">$</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right; padding-bottom: 2.5pt">0.4600</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 4pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 4pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right; padding-bottom: 2.5pt">2.13</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 4pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 4pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">$</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">-</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 4pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; padding-bottom: 4pt">Vested and expected to vest
    &ndash; December&nbsp;31, 2017</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 4pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">487,000</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 4pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 4pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; padding-bottom: 2.5pt">$</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right; padding-bottom: 2.5pt">0.4600</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 4pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 4pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right; padding-bottom: 2.5pt">2.13</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 4pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 4pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">$</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">-</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 4pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
</TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"></P>

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    <DIV STYLE="page-break-before: always; margin-top: 6pt; margin-bottom: 12pt"><P STYLE="margin: 0pt">&nbsp;</P></DIV>
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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Compensation
expense related to share-based transactions is measured and recognized in general and administrative expenses in the financial
statements based on the fair value of the awards granted. The share-based compensation expense, net of forfeitures, is recognized
on a straight-line basis over the requisite service periods of the awards, which is generally a half year to two years. As of
December 31, 2018 and 2017, all stock options under 2013 Plan were either fully vested or forfeited. Accordingly, the Company
recognized stock-based compensation expense of $0 for the years ended December 31, 2018 and 2017.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>NOTE
12. RELATED-PARTY TRANSACTION</B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>Related
parties:</B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<TABLE CELLSPACING="0" CELLPADDING="0" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%">
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="width: 24px; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(1)</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Lion
    Arts Promotion Inc. (hereinafter, &ldquo;LION&rdquo;) was incorporated on March 17, 1997 under the laws of Taiwan. LION is
    in the business of art related promotion and is a controlling shareholder of BioLite Taiwan.</FONT></TD></TR>
</TABLE>
<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<TABLE CELLSPACING="0" CELLPADDING="0" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%">
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="width: 24px; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(2)</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">BioFirst
    Corporation (hereinafter, &ldquo;BioFirst&rdquo;) was incorporated on November 7, 2006 under the laws of Taiwan. BioFirst
    is in the business of researching, developing, manufacturing, and marketing of innovative patented medical products. As of
    December 31, 2018 and 2017, the Company owns 21.56% and 21.51% Common Stock shares of BioFirst (See NOTE 5), respectively.</FONT></TD></TR>
</TABLE>
<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<TABLE CELLSPACING="0" CELLPADDING="0" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%">
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="width: 24px; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(3)</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">American
    BriVision Corporation (hereinafter, &ldquo;BriVision&rdquo;) was incorporated on July 21, 2015 in the State of Delaware, engaging
    in biotechnology and focuses on the development of new drugs and innovative medical devices to fulfill unmet medical needs.
    In 2015, BriVision entered into a collaborative agreement with the Company (See NOTE 3). On May 6, 2016, BioLite Taiwan and
    BriVision entered into an addendum to the collaborative agreement, whereby BriVision has agreed to pay the upfront payment
    to the Company $2,600,000 in cash and $900,000 in newly issued shares of Common Stock of BriVision&rsquo;s holding company,
    American BriVision (Holding) Corporation (&ldquo;ABVC&rdquo;), a Nevada company, at the price of $1.60 per share, for an aggregate
    number of 562,500 shares. In August 2016, BioLite Taiwan made additional equity investment of $2,350,000 in cash to acquire
    1,468,750 shares of Common Stock of ABVC. In February 2017, the Company received $650,000 in cash and $5,850,000 <FONT STYLE="background-color: white">in
    the form of newly issued 2,925,000 shares of Common Stock of ABVC, at the price of $2.0 per share for the first milestone
    payment. As of December 31, 2018 and 2017, BioLite Taiwan</FONT> owns 2.28% and 2.32% Common Stock of ABVC, respectively (See
    NOTE 5). On February 8, 2019, the Company became one of wholly-owned subsidiaries of ABVC (See NOTE 15).</FONT></TD></TR>
</TABLE>
<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<TABLE CELLSPACING="0" CELLPADDING="0" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%">
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="width: 24px; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(4)</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Regene
    Corporation (hereinafter, &ldquo;Rgene&rdquo;) was incorporated on June 24, 2010 under the laws of Taiwan. Rgene is in the
    business of research and development and innovation of various drugs. On March 23, 2017, BioLite Taiwan acquired 600,000 shares
    of Common Stock of Rgene for NT$15,000,000 (equivalent approximately $506,000) in cash. On November 28, 2018, Rgene agreed
    to pay the debt of NT$1,010,000 (equivalent to $33,027) due to BioLite Taiwan in the form of newly issued 20,200 shares of
    common stock of Rgene. As of December 31, 2018 and 2017, the Company owned 9.69% and 13.04% common stock of Rgene, respectively
    (See NOTE 5).</FONT></TD></TR>
</TABLE>
<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"></P>

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    <DIV STYLE="page-break-before: always; margin-top: 6pt; margin-bottom: 12pt"><P STYLE="margin: 0pt">&nbsp;</P></DIV>
    <!-- Field: /Page -->

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<TABLE CELLSPACING="0" CELLPADDING="0" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%">
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="width: 24px; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(5)</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">AsianGene
                                         Corporation (hereinafter, &ldquo;AsianGene&rdquo;) was incorporated on December 16, 2013
                                         under the laws of Taiwan. AsianGene is in the business of real estate development. AsianGene
                                         is one of the shareholders of the Company.</FONT></P>
        <P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(6)</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">LionGene
    Corporation (hereinafter, &ldquo;LionGene&rdquo;) was incorporated on November 23, 2009 under the laws of Taiwan. LionGene
    is in the business of biotechnology services. LionGene and the Company are related parties and under common control by a controlling
    beneficiary shareholder of the Company.</FONT></TD></TR>
</TABLE>
<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<TABLE CELLSPACING="0" CELLPADDING="0" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%">
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="width: 24px; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(7)</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Mr.
    Tsung-Shann Jiang is the chairman and CEO of the Company and the President and a member of board of directors of BioFirst.
    Mr. Jiang is also the controlling beneficiary shareholder of ABVC, BriVision, and Rgene. Ms. Shu-Ling Jiang, Mr. Tsung-Shann
    Jiang&rsquo;s wife, is the chairman of LION and BioFirst, and a member of board of directors of the Company. Mr. Eugene Jiang
    is Mr. and Ms. Jiang&rsquo;s son. Mr. Eugene Jiang is a member of board of directors of the Company, and is also the chairman,
    and majority shareholder of ABVC. Mr. Tsung-Shann Jiang, Ms. Shu-Ling Jiang, and Mr. Eugene Jiang hereinafter are collectively
    called &ldquo;JIANGS&rdquo;.</FONT></TD></TR>
</TABLE>
<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>Related
party transactions:</B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>&nbsp;</B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">For
the year ended and at December 31, 2018, the related party transactions are summarized as follows:</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center">Merchandise Sales /</TD><TD STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center">Amounts</TD><TD STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center">Amounts</TD><TD STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center">Service</TD><TD STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center">Accounts</TD><TD STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center">Loan to</TD><TD STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center">Rent</TD><TD STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid">due
    from</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid">due
    to</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid">Revenue</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid">receivable</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid">(Loan&nbsp;from)</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid">Expenses&nbsp;(a)</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="width: 28%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">LION</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">$</TD><TD STYLE="width: 9%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">-</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">$</TD><TD STYLE="width: 9%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">65,557</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">$</TD><TD STYLE="width: 9%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">632</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">$</TD><TD STYLE="width: 9%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">-</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">$</TD><TD STYLE="width: 9%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">-</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">$</TD><TD STYLE="width: 9%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">9,480</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">BioFirst</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">-</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">1,604,380</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">-</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">-</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">(663,810</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">)</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">-</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">ABVC &amp; BriVision</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">59,810</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">-</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">-</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">-</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">-</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">-</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Rgene</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">19,477</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">-</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">-</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">-</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">-</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">-</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">AsianGene</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">-</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">-</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">-</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">-</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">-</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">-</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">LionGene</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">-</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">467,211</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">-</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">-</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">-</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">-</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">JIANGS</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">-</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">540,047</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">-</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">-</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">-</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">-</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 4pt">Total</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 4pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">$</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">79,287</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 4pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 4pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">$</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">2,677,195</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 4pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 4pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">$</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">632</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 4pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 4pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">$</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">-</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 4pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 4pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">$</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">(663,810</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 4pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">)</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 4pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">$</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">9,480</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 4pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
</TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>&nbsp;</B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">For
the year ended and at December 31, 2017, the related party transactions are summarized as follows:</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center">Merchandise Sales /</TD><TD STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center">Amounts</TD><TD STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center">Amounts</TD><TD STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center">Service</TD><TD STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center">Accounts</TD><TD STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center">Loan to</TD><TD STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center">Rent</TD><TD STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid">due
    from</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid">due
    to</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid">Revenue</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid">receivable</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid">(Loan&nbsp;from)</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid">Expenses&nbsp;(a)</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="width: 28%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">LION</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">$</TD><TD STYLE="width: 9%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">-</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">$</TD><TD STYLE="width: 9%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">23,171</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">$</TD><TD STYLE="width: 9%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">2,256</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">$</TD><TD STYLE="width: 9%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">1,350</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">$</TD><TD STYLE="width: 9%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">-</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">$</TD><TD STYLE="width: 9%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">37,592</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">BioFirst</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">-</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">1,118,361</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">7,894</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">2,125</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">(937,922</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">)</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">-</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">ABVC &amp; BriVision</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">115,168</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">-</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">-</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">-</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">-</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">-</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Rgene</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">3,316</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">-</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">-</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">-</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">33,738</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">-</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">AsianGene</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">1,731</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">-</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">-</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">-</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">-</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">-</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">LionGene</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">-</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">-</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">-</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">-</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">-</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">-</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">JIANGS</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">-</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">311,044</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">-</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">-</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">-</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">-</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 4pt">Total</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 4pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">$</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">120,215</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 4pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 4pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">$</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">1,452,576</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 4pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 4pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">$</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">10,150</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 4pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 4pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">$</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">3,475</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 4pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 4pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">$</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">(904,184</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 4pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">)</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 4pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">$</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">37,592</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 4pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
</TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<TABLE CELLSPACING="0" CELLPADDING="0" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%">
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="width: 24px; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(a)</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
    Company leased its office from LION. The monthly base rent was approximately $3,000. The lease was terminated on March 31,
    2018. Rent expense under this lease agreement amounted to $9,480 and $37,592 for the years ended December 31, 2018 and 2017,
    respectively</FONT></TD></TR>
</TABLE>
<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>&nbsp;</B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"></P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>&nbsp;</B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>NOTE
13. INCOME TAX</B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><U>U.S.A</U></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">BioLite
Holding, Inc. files income tax returns in the U.S. federal jurisdiction, and state and local jurisdictions. The Company is not
currently under examination by the Internal Revenue Service or any state income tax authorities. The 2015 through 2017 tax years
remain subject to examination by the Internal Revenue Service.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">On&nbsp;December
22, 2017<I>&nbsp;</I>H.R.&nbsp;1<I>,</I>&nbsp;originally known as the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act, (the &ldquo;Tax Act&rdquo;) was enacted.
Among the significant changes to the U.S. Internal Revenue Code, the Tax Act lowers the U.S. federal corporate income tax rate
(&ldquo;Federal Tax Rate&rdquo;) from&nbsp;35%&nbsp;to&nbsp;21%&nbsp;effective January 1, 2018<I>.&nbsp;</I>The&nbsp;21%&nbsp;Federal
Tax Rate will apply to earnings reported for the full&nbsp;2018&nbsp;fiscal year. In addition, the Company must re-measure its
net deferred tax assets and liabilities using the Federal Tax Rate that will apply when these amounts are expected to reverse.
As of&nbsp;December 31,&nbsp;2018,&nbsp;the Company can determine a reasonable estimate for certain effects of tax reform and
is recording that estimate as a provisional amount. The provisional remeasurement of the deferred tax assets and allowance valuation
of deferred tax assets at December 31, 2018 resulted in a&nbsp;net effect of $0 discrete tax expenses (benefit) which lowered
the effective tax rate by&nbsp;14%&nbsp;for the years ended December 31, 2018. The provisional remeasurement amount is anticipated
to change as data becomes available allowing more accurate scheduling of the deferred tax assets and liabilities primarily related
to net operating loss carryover.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><U>British
Virgin Islands</U></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">BioLite
BVI, Inc. was incorporated in British Virgin Islands, which does not tax income.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>&nbsp;</B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><U>Taiwan</U></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">BioLite
Inc. was incorporated in Taiwan. According to the amendments to the &ldquo;Income Tax Act&rdquo; enacted by the office of the
President of Taiwan on February 7, 2018, an increase in the statutory income tax rate from 17% to 20% and decrease in the undistributed
earning tax from 10% to 5% are effective from January 1, 2018. No income tax liabilities existed as of December 31, 2018 and 2017
due to the Company&rsquo;s continuing operating losses. As of December 31, 2018, the Company had deferred tax assets related to
tax loss and credit carryforwards totaling $1,347,995 that begin to expire in 2026.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Provision
for income tax(benefit) consists of the following:</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid">2018</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid">2017</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Current provision</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-left: 9pt">U.S.A</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">$</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">-</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">$</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">-</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; padding-left: 9pt">Taiwan</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">-</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">-</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; padding-left: 0.25in">Sub
    total</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">$</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">-</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">$</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">-</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">Deferred provision</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-left: 9pt">U.S.A</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">$</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">-</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">$</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">-</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="width: 76%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; padding-left: 9pt">Taiwan</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 1%; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="width: 9%; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">(366,947</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">)</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 1%; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="width: 9%; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">(360,395</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">)</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; padding-bottom: 4pt">Total provision for income
    tax(benefit)</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 4pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">$</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">(366,947</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 4pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">)</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 4pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">$</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">(360,395</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 4pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">)</TD></TR>
</TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>&nbsp;</B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
components of deferred tax assets consisted of the following</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid">December&nbsp;31,<BR>
    2018</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid">December&nbsp;31,<BR>
    2017</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Deferred tax assets:</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-left: 0.125in">U.S.A</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="width: 76%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; padding-left: 0.25in">Tax loss and credit
    carryforwards</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">$</TD><TD STYLE="width: 9%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">156,019</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">$</TD><TD STYLE="width: 9%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">155,612</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; padding-left: 0.25in">Less:
    Valuation allowance</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">(156,019</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">)</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">(155,612</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">)</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; padding-left: 27pt">Subtotal</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">-</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">-</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-decoration: underline; padding-left: 9pt">Taiwan</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; padding-left: 0.25in">Loss on disposal of assets</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">$</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">673,429</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">$</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">694,810</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; padding-left: 0.25in">Tax loss and credit carryforwards</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">1,347,995</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">1,017,897</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; padding-left: 0.25in">Less:
    Valuation allowance</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">(673,429</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">)</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">(694,810</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">)</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; padding-left: 27pt">Subtotal</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">1,017,897</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">1,017,897</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; padding-bottom: 4pt; padding-left: 0.5in">Total
    deferred tax assets</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 4pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">$</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">1,347,995</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 4pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 4pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">$</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">1,017,897</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 4pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
</TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"></P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
difference between the combined effective income tax rate reflected in the provision for income tax on income (loss) before taxes
and the amounts determined by applying the applicable the U.S. statutory income tax rate and Taiwan unified income tax rate <FONT STYLE="background-color: white">for
the years ended December 31, 2018 and 2017 </FONT>are analyzed below:</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="6" STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid">For
    the Years Ended<BR> December&nbsp;31,</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid">2018</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid">2017</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="width: 76%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify">U.S. statutory income tax rate</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="width: 9%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">21</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">%</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="width: 9%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">35</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">%</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify">Taiwan unified income tax rate</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">17</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">%</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">17</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">%</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify">Provisional remeasurement of deferred taxes (U.S.
    &amp; Taiwan)</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">-</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">%</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">(11</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">)%</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">Changes in valuation allowance</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">(53.7</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">)%</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">(46</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">)%</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; padding-bottom: 4pt">Effective combined income
    tax rate</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 4pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">(15.7</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 4pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">)%</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 4pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">(5</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 4pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">)%</TD></TR>
</TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>&nbsp;</B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>NOTE
14. COMMITMENTS</B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><U>Operating
lease commitment:</U></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
Company&rsquo;s operating leases include lease contracts of office spaces, laboratory space, vehicle, and employees&rsquo; dormitory
with various maturity dates. Future minimum lease payments under the operating leases are summarized as follows:</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom">
    <TD STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid">Fiscal
    Year</TD><TD STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid">Amount</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="width: 88%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify">2019</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="width: 9%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">71,529</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify">2020</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">14,351</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">2021</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">2,121</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; padding-bottom: 4pt">Total</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 4pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">$</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">98,001</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 4pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
</TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><U>In-Licensing
collaborative agreement commitment:</U></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<TABLE CELLSPACING="0" CELLPADDING="0" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%">
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="width: 24px; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(1)</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">On
    January 1, 2011, BioLite Taiwan entered into a collaborative agreement (the &ldquo;PITDC Collaborative Agreement&rdquo;) with
    Medical and Pharmaceutical Industry Technology and Development Center (&ldquo;PITDC&rdquo;), a Taiwanese Company. Pursuant
    to the PITDC Collaborative Agreement, PITDC granted BioLite Taiwan the sole licensing right for drug and therapeutic use of
    depressive disorders related patent and technology expired in November 2026. The total consideration for obtaining such grant
    was NT$17,000,000 (equivalent approximately $555,900), of which NT$3,400,000 (equivalent approximately $111,180) was due within
    30 days upon signing the agreement and the remaining balance of NT$13,600,000 (equivalent approximately $444,720) was due
    pursuant to a milestone payment schedule. In addition, BioLite Taiwan is required to pay PITDC 10% of sublicensing revenues
    net of related research and development cost and royalties at a range from 1% to 3% of sales of drugs.</FONT></TD></TR>
</TABLE>
<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 0 0.25in; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">BioLite
Taiwan paid the upfront payment of NT$3,400,000 (equivalent approximately $111,180) in 2011, the first milestone payment of NT$2,550,000
(equivalent approximately $83,385) in 2012, and the third milestone payment of NT$2,125,000 (equivalent approximately $69,488)
in 2013. BioLite Taiwan has recorded these amounts as research and development expenses when incurred.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"></P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 0 0.25in; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Pursuant
to the PITDC Collaborative Agreement, BioLite Taiwan is also required to pay PITDC 10% of sublicensing revenues to PITDC. During
the years ended December 31, 2018 and 2017, BioLite Taiwan has paid $0 to PITDC accounting for 10% of sublicensing revenues net
of related research and development cost and royalties. As of December 31, 2018 and 2017, BioLite Taiwan has accrued milestone
payments payable of $274,028 and $282,728 to PITDC.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<TABLE CELLSPACING="0" CELLPADDING="0" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%">
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="width: 24px; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(2)</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">On
    February 10, 2011, BioLite Taiwan entered into a collaborative agreement (the &ldquo;ITRI Collaborative Agreement I&rdquo;)
    with Industrial Technology Research Institute (&ldquo;ITRI&rdquo;), a Taiwanese Company. Pursuant to the ITRI Collaborative
    Agreement I, ITRI granted BioLite Taiwan the sole licensing right for drug and therapeutic use of colon inflammation related
    patent and technology expired in February 2031. The total consideration for obtaining such grant was NT$20,000,000 (equivalent
    approximately to $654,000), of which NT$2,000,000 (equivalent approximately $65,400) was due sixth days upon signing the agreement
    and the remaining balance of NT$18,000,000(equivalent approximately $588,600) was due pursuant to a milestone payment schedule.
    BioLite Taiwan paid the upfront payment of NT$2,000,000 (equivalent approximately$65,400) in 2011 and the first milestone
    payment of NT$2,000,000 (equivalent approximately $65,400) in 2016. The Company recorded these amounts as research and development
    expenses when incurred.</FONT></TD></TR>
</TABLE>
<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 0 0.25in; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Pursuant
to the ITRI Collaborative Agreement I, BioLite Taiwan is also required to pay ITRI 10% of sublicensing revenues net of related
research and development cost and royalties at a range from 3% to 5% of sales of drugs. During the year ended December 31, 2018
and 2017, the Company paid $114,245 in terms of 70,330 shares of common stock of ABVC owned by BioLite Taiwan and $0 to ITRI,
respectively, accounting for 10% of sublicensing revenues net of related research and development cost and royalties. As of December
31, 2018 and 2017, BioLite Taiwan has accrued collaboration revenue payable of $0 and $117,872 to ITRI, respectively.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<TABLE CELLSPACING="0" CELLPADDING="0" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%">
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="width: 24px; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(3)</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">On
    February 10, 2011, BioLite Taiwan entered into another collaborative agreement (the &ldquo;ITRI Collaborative Agreement II&rdquo;)
    with Industrial Technology Research Institute (&ldquo;ITRI&rdquo;), a Taiwanese Company. Pursuant to the ITRI Collaborative
    Agreement II, ITRI granted BioLite Taiwan the sole licensing right for drug and therapeutic use of rheumatoid arthritis related
    patent and technology expired in February 2031. The total consideration for obtaining such grant was NT$35,000,000 (equivalent
    approximately $1,144,500), of which NT$3,500,000 (equivalent approximately $114,450) was due sixth days upon signing the agreement
    and the remaining balance of NT$31,500,000 (equivalent approximately $1,030,050) was due pursuant to a milestone payment schedule.
    BioLite Taiwan paid the upfront payment of NT$3,500,000(equivalent approximately $114,450) in 2011. BioLite Taiwan recorded
    these amounts as research and development expenses when incurred</FONT></TD></TR>
</TABLE>
<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 0 0.25in; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Pursuant
to the ITRI Collaborative Agreement II, BioLite Taiwan is also required to pay ITRI 10% of sublicensing revenues net of related
research and development cost and royalties at a range from 3% to 5% of sales of drugs. As of December 31, 2018 and 2017, the
Company has not sublicensed the licensing right for drug and therapeutic use of rheumatoid arthritis related patent and technology
to any companies.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<TABLE CELLSPACING="0" CELLPADDING="0" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%">
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="width: 24px; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(4)</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">On
    December 27, 2016, BioLite Taiwan entered into a collaborative agreement (the &ldquo;Yukiguni Collaborative Agreement&rdquo;)
    with Yukiguni Maitake Co., Ltd (&ldquo;YUKIGUNI&rdquo;), a Japanese company. Pursuant to the Yukiguni Collaborative Agreement,
    YUKIGUNI granted BioLite Taiwan the right for selling Maitake dry powder and Maitake extract manufactured by YUKIGUNI, and
    the right for using Maitake related patent and technology expired in December 2036 or fifteen years after the date when the
    new product developed by BioLite Taiwan is first sold, whichever is earlier. The total consideration for obtaining such grant
    would be $305,000. During the years ended December 31, 2018 and 2017, BioLite Taiwan has paid YUKIGUNI an aggregate of $175,000
    and $0, respectively, to obtain some Maitake related patent and technology.</FONT></TD></TR>
</TABLE>
<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>&nbsp;</B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>NOTE
15. CONTINGENCIES AND LEGAL PROCEEDINGS </B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>&nbsp;</B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">In
January 2018, a former employee of BioLite Taiwan, (the &ldquo;Plaintiff&rdquo;), filed a class action civil complaint against
BioLite Taiwan at Taiwan Hsin-Chu District Court. The Plaintiff alleged the following causes of action under the Labor Standards
Act of Taiwan: (1) failure to pay employees for all hours worked; (2) failure to pay for overtime work on weekends; (3) failure
to pay severance payments; and (4) failure to distribute retirement pension to pension trust. The case went to trial on July 12,
2018, and on July 31, 2018, the court pronounced its judgment that BioLite Taiwan is obligated to pay the compensation amount
of NT$226,738, equivalent $7,414 to the Plaintiff. An appeal was filed by BioLite Taiwan in August 2018. On December 26, 2018,
BioLite Taiwan and the Plaintiff have reached a settlement, pursuant to which BioLite Taiwan is required to pay the compensation
amount including the interest in aggregate of $255,699, equivalent $8,361, to the Plaintiff. As of December 31, 2018, the Company
has paid the Plaintiff a partial amount of NT$66,667(equivalent to $2,180) and has recorded the remaining balance of NT$189,032
(equivalent to $6,181) pursuant to Topic 450, &ldquo;Contingencies Loss Contingencies Recognition&rdquo;.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>&nbsp;</B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"></P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>&nbsp;</B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>NOTE
16. SUBSEQUENT EVENT </B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">American
BriVision (Holding) Corporation (&ldquo;ABVC&rdquo;), BioLite Holding, Inc. (the &ldquo;Company&rdquo; or &ldquo;BioLite&rdquo;),
BioKey, Inc. (&ldquo;BioKey&rdquo;), BioLite Acquisition Corp., a direct wholly-owned subsidiary of ABVC (&ldquo;Merger Sub 1&rdquo;),
and BioKey Acquisition Corp., a direct wholly-owned subsidiary of ABVC (&ldquo;Merger Sub 2&rdquo;) (<FONT STYLE="background-color: white">collectively
referred to as the &ldquo;Parties&rdquo;),</FONT> entered into a definitive Agreement and Plan of Merger (the &ldquo;Merger Agreement&rdquo;)
dated as of January 31, 2018, providing for the acquisition of BioLite and BioKey by ABVC. Pursuant to the terms of the Merger
Agreement, BioLite will merge with Merger Sub 1 with BioLite as the surviving corporation, which is referred to as the &ldquo;BioLite
Merger.&rdquo; BioKey will merge with Merger Sub 2 with BioKey as the surviving corporation, which is referred as the &ldquo;BioKey
Merger.&rdquo; BioLite Merger and BioKey Merger together are sometimes referred to as the Mergers.&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">On
February 8, 2019, the Parties of the Merger Agreement consummated the Merger transactions. Pursuant to the terms of the Merger
Agreement, BioLite and BioKey became two wholly-owned subsidiaries of ABVC on February 8, 2019. As of the date of this report,
the Company is in the process of issuing shares of common stocks of ABVC as merger considerations to the shareholders of BioLite
and BioKey pursuant to ABVC&rsquo;s registration statement (the &ldquo;Registration Statement on S-4&rdquo;) on <A HREF="http://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/1173313/000121390019000796/fs42018a3_americanbrivision.htm">Form&nbsp;S-4</A> Amendment
No. 3 filed with the SEC on January 16, 2019 which became effective by operation of law on or about February 5, 2019.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
Company has evaluated subsequent events through the date which the financial statements were available to be issued. All subsequent
events requiring recognition as of December 31, 2018 have been incorporated into these financial statements and there are no subsequent
events that require disclosure in accordance with FASB ASC Topic 855, &ldquo;Subsequent Events.&rdquo;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">******</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>


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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: center; background-color: white"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>INDEX
TO FINANCIAL INFORMATION</B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: center; background-color: white"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<TABLE CELLSPACING="0" CELLPADDING="0" STYLE="width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-collapse: collapse">
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="width: 90%; padding-left: 10pt; text-indent: -10pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 1%">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 9%; border-bottom: black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>Page</B></FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="padding-left: 10pt; text-indent: -10pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: center; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: white; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="white-space: nowrap; padding-left: 10pt; text-indent: -10pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>BioKey,
    Inc.</B></FONT></TD>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="white-space: nowrap; text-align: center; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="white-space: nowrap; padding-left: 10pt; text-indent: -10pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="white-space: nowrap; text-align: center; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255); font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="white-space: nowrap; padding-left: 10pt; text-indent: -10pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Financial
    Statements for the Years Ended December 31, 2018 and 2017</FONT></TD>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="white-space: nowrap; text-align: center; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="white-space: nowrap; padding-left: 10pt; text-indent: -10pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="white-space: nowrap; text-align: center; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255); font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="white-space: nowrap; padding-left: 10pt; text-indent: -10pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><A HREF="#s_13"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Report
    of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm</FONT></A></TD>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="white-space: nowrap; text-align: center; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">F-100</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="white-space: nowrap; padding-left: 10pt; text-indent: -10pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><A HREF="#s_14"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Balance
    Sheets</FONT></A></TD>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="white-space: nowrap; text-align: center; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">F-101</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255); font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="white-space: nowrap; padding-left: 10pt; text-indent: -10pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><A HREF="#s_15"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Statements
    of Operations</FONT></A></TD>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="white-space: nowrap; text-align: center; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">F-102</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="white-space: nowrap; padding-left: 10pt; text-indent: -10pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><A HREF="#s_16"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Statements
    of Stockholders&rsquo; Equity</FONT></A></TD>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="white-space: nowrap; text-align: center; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">F-103</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255); font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="white-space: nowrap; padding-left: 10pt; text-indent: -10pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><A HREF="#s_17"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Statements
    of Cash Flows</FONT></A></TD>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="white-space: nowrap; text-align: center; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">F-104</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="white-space: nowrap; padding-left: 10pt; text-indent: -10pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><A HREF="#s_18"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Notes
    to the Financial Statements</FONT></A></TD>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="white-space: nowrap; text-align: center; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">F-105
    &ndash; F-115</FONT></TD></TR>
</TABLE>
<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: center"></P>

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    <DIV STYLE="page-break-before: always; margin-top: 6pt; margin-bottom: 12pt"><P STYLE="margin: 0pt">&nbsp;</P></DIV>
    <!-- Field: /Page -->

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: center"></P>

<TABLE CELLSPACING="0" CELLPADDING="0" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%; background-color: white">
<TR>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: top; width: 43%"><IMG SRC="img_004.jpg" ALT=""></TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 1%">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 56%"><P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><B><U>A</U></B><U>udit<B>&nbsp;&#9679; T</B>ax<B>&nbsp;&#9679;
        C</B>onsulting<B>&nbsp;&#9679;&nbsp;F</B>inancial<B>&nbsp;A</B>dvisory</U>&nbsp;</P>
        <P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><I>Registered with Public Company Accounting Oversight
        Board (PCAOB)</I></P></TD></TR>
</TABLE>
<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: center"><A NAME="s_13"></A><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>Report
of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm</B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>To
the Stockholders and the Board of Directors of BioKey, Inc.</B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>Opinion
on the Financial Statements</B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">We
have audited the accompanying balance sheets of BioKey, Inc. (the Company) as of&nbsp;December&nbsp;31, 2018&nbsp;and&nbsp;2017,
the related statements of operations, stockholders&rsquo; equity, and cash flows for each of the two years in the period ended&nbsp;December&nbsp;31,
2018, and the related notes (collectively referred to as the &ldquo;financial statements&quot;). In our opinion, the financial
statements present fairly, in all material respects, the financial position of the Company at&nbsp;December&nbsp;31, 2018&nbsp;and&nbsp;2017,
and the results of its operations and its cash flows for each of the two years in the period ended&nbsp;December&nbsp;31, 2018,
in conformity with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>Basis
for Opinion</B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">These
financial statements are the responsibility of the Company&rsquo;s management. Our responsibility is to express an opinion on
the Company&rsquo;s financial statements based on our audits. We are a public accounting firm registered with the PCAOB and are
required to be independent with respect to the Company in accordance with the U.S. federal securities laws and the applicable
rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission and the PCAOB.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">We
conducted our audits in accordance with the standards of the PCAOB. Those standards require that we plan and perform the audit
to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the financial statements are free of material misstatement, whether due to error
or fraud. The Company is not required to have, nor were we engaged to perform, an audit of its internal control over financial
reporting. As part of our audits, we are required to obtain an understanding of internal control over financial reporting but
not for the purpose of expressing an opinion on the effectiveness of the Company&rsquo;s internal control over financial reporting.
Accordingly, we express no such opinion. Our audits included performing procedures to assess the risks of material misstatement
of the financial statements, whether due to error or fraud, and performing procedures that respond to those risks. Such procedures
included examining, on a test basis, evidence regarding the amounts and disclosures in the financial statements. Our audits also
included evaluating the accounting principles used and significant estimates made by management, as well as evaluating the overall
presentation of the financial statements. We believe that our audits provide a reasonable basis for our opinion.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<TABLE CELLSPACING="0" CELLPADDING="0" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse">
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 40%; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">/s/
    KCCW Accountancy Corp.</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 20%; text-align: right; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 40%"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">We
    have served as the Company's auditor since 2018.</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Diamond
    Bar, California</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">April
                                         5, 2019</FONT></P></TD>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD></TR>
</TABLE>
<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<TABLE CELLSPACING="0" CELLPADDING="0" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse">
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>KCCW
    Accountancy Corp.</B></FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: right; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">3333
    S Brea Canyon Rd. #206, Diamond Bar, CA 91765, USA</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: right; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Tel:
    +1 909 348 7228 &#9679; Fax: +1 909 895 4155 &#9679; info@kccwcpa.com</FONT></TD></TR>
</TABLE>
<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"></P>

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    <DIV STYLE="page-break-before: always; margin-top: 6pt; margin-bottom: 12pt"><P STYLE="margin: 0pt">&nbsp;</P></DIV>
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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: center"><A NAME="s_14"></A><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>BIOKEY,
INC.</B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>BALANCE
SHEETS</B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center">December&nbsp;31,</TD><TD STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center">December&nbsp;31,</TD><TD STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid">2018</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid">2017</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom">
    <TD STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center">ASSETS</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Current Assets</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="width: 76%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; padding-left: 9pt">Cash and cash equivalents</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">$</TD><TD STYLE="width: 9%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">636,666</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">$</TD><TD STYLE="width: 9%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">1,225,397</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; padding-left: 9pt">Accounts receivable, net</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">43,204</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">59,080</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; padding-left: 9pt">Accounts
    receivable - related parties, net</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">147,848</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">134,312</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; padding-left: 27pt">Total
    Current Assets</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">827,718</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">1,418,789</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">Property and equipment, net</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">58,150</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">37,600</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">Security deposits</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">10,440</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">10,440</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; padding-bottom: 4pt">Total Assets</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 4pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">$</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">896,308</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 4pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 4pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">$</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">1,466,829</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 4pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center">LIABILITIES AND STOCKHLDERS&rsquo; EQUITY</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">Current Liabilities</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; padding-left: 9pt">Accounts payable</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">$</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">6,777</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">$</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">5,396</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; padding-left: 9pt">Due to shareholders</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">-</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">5,800</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; padding-left: 9pt">Accrued expenses and other current
    liabilities</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">65,083</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">57,576</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; padding-left: 9pt">Advance
    from customers</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">11,166</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">10,985</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; padding-left: 27pt">Total
    Current Liabilities</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">83,026</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">79,757</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">Non-current Liabilities</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; padding-left: 9pt">Tenant
    security deposit</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">2,880</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">2,880</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; padding-left: 27pt">Total
    Liabilities</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">85,906</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">82,637</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">Stockholders&rsquo; Equity</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Preferred stock, no par value, 23,562,000 shares authorized:</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; padding-left: 0.25in">7,000,000 shares of Series
    A issued and outstanding at December 31, 2018 and 2017</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">3,500,000</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">3,500,000</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; padding-left: 0.25in">1,160,000 shares of Series
    A issued and outstanding at December 31, 2018 and 2017</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">1,160,000</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">1,160,000</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; padding-left: 0.25in">13,973,097 shares of Series
    C issued and outstanding at December 31, 2018 and 2017</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">13,973,097</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">13,973,097</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; text-indent: -0.25in; padding-left: 0.25in">Common
    Stock, no par value; 30,000,000 shares authorized, 7,428,134 and 6,498,134 shares issued and outstanding at December 31, 2018
    and 2017</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">774,293</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">541,793</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">Additional paid-in capital - stock options</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">82,265</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">296,465</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">Stock subscription receivable</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">(1,667</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">)</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">-</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">Accumulated deficit</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">(18,677,586</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">)</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">(18,087,163</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">)</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; padding-left: 27pt">Total
    Stockholders&rsquo; Equity</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">810,402</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">1,384,192</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; padding-bottom: 4pt">Total Liabilities and
    Stockholders&rsquo; Equity</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 4pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">$</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">896,308</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 4pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 4pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">$</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">1,466,829</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 4pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
</TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
accompanying notes are an integral part of these financial statements.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: center"></P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: center">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: center"><A NAME="s_15"></A><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>BIOKEY,
INC.</B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>STATEMENTS
OF OPERATIONS </B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>FOR
THE YEARS ENDED DECEMBER 31, 2018 AND 2017 </B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid">2018</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid">2017</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="width: 76%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Revenues</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">$</TD><TD STYLE="width: 9%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">510,197</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">$</TD><TD STYLE="width: 9%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">983,218</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">Cost of revenues</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">4,809</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">17,312</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">Gross profit</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">505,388</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">965,906</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">Operating expenses:</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; padding-left: 9pt">Research and development expenses</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">430,917</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">497,947</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; padding-left: 9pt">Selling,
    general and administrative expenses</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">669,322</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">767,504</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; padding-left: 0.25in">Total operating expenses</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">1,100,239</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">1,265,451</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">Loss from operations</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">(594,851</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">)</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">(299,545</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">)</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">Other income</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; padding-left: 9pt">Interest income</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">4,598</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">6,742</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; padding-left: 9pt">Other
    income</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">630</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">459</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; padding-left: 0.25in">Total
    other income</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">5,228</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">7,201</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">Loss before income tax</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">(589,623</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">)</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">(292,344</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">)</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">Provision for income tax</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">800</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">800</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; padding-bottom: 4pt">Net loss</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 4pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">$</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">(590,423</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 4pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">)</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 4pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">$</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">(293,144</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 4pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">)</TD></TR>
</TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
accompanying notes are an integral part of these financial statements.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: center"></P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: center"><A NAME="s_16"></A><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>BIOKEY,
INC.</B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>STATEMENTS
OF STOCKHOLDERS&rsquo; EQUITY</B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>FOR
THE YEARS ENDED DECEMBER 31, 2018 AND 2017 </B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-left: 10pt; text-indent: -10pt"><B>&nbsp;</B></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><B>&nbsp;</B></TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><B>&nbsp;</B></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><B>&nbsp;</B></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><B>&nbsp;</B></TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><B>&nbsp;</B></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><B>&nbsp;</B></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><B>&nbsp;</B></TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><B>&nbsp;</B></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><B>&nbsp;</B></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><B>&nbsp;</B></TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><B>&nbsp;</B></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><B>&nbsp;</B></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><B>&nbsp;</B></TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center"><B>Additional</B></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><B>&nbsp;</B></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><B>&nbsp;</B></TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center"><B>Stock</B></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><B>&nbsp;</B></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><B>&nbsp;</B></TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><B>&nbsp;</B></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><B>&nbsp;</B></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><B>&nbsp;</B></TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><B>&nbsp;</B></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><B>&nbsp;</B></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-left: 10pt; text-indent: -10pt"><B>&nbsp;</B></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"><B>&nbsp;</B></TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="6" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid"><B>Preferred
    Stock</B></TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><B>&nbsp;</B></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"><B>&nbsp;</B></TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="6" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid"><B>Common
    Stocks</B></TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><B>&nbsp;</B></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"><B>&nbsp;</B></TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"><B>Paid-in</B></TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><B>&nbsp;</B></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"><B>&nbsp;</B></TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"><B>Subscription</B></TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><B>&nbsp;</B></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"><B>&nbsp;</B></TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"><B>Accumulated</B></TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><B>&nbsp;</B></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"><B>&nbsp;</B></TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><B>&nbsp;</B></TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><B>&nbsp;</B></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-left: 10pt; text-indent: -10pt"><B>&nbsp;</B></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"><B>&nbsp;</B></TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid"><B>Shares</B></TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><B>&nbsp;</B></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"><B>&nbsp;</B></TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid"><B>Amounts</B></TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><B>&nbsp;</B></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"><B>&nbsp;</B></TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid"><B>Shares</B></TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><B>&nbsp;</B></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"><B>&nbsp;</B></TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid"><B>Amounts</B></TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><B>&nbsp;</B></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"><B>&nbsp;</B></TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid"><B>Capital</B></TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><B>&nbsp;</B></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"><B>&nbsp;</B></TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid"><B>Receivable</B></TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><B>&nbsp;</B></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"><B>&nbsp;</B></TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid"><B>Deficit</B></TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><B>&nbsp;</B></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"><B>&nbsp;</B></TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid"><B>Total</B></TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><B>&nbsp;</B></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-left: 10pt; text-indent: -10pt">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="width: 10%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-left: 10pt; text-indent: -10pt">Balance at December
    31, 2016</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="width: 9%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">22,133,097</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">$</TD><TD STYLE="width: 9%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">18,633,097</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="width: 9%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">6,498,134</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">$</TD><TD STYLE="width: 9%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">541,793</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">$</TD><TD STYLE="width: 9%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">296,465</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">$</TD><TD STYLE="width: 9%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">-</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">$</TD><TD STYLE="width: 9%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">(17,794,019</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">)</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">$</TD><TD STYLE="width: 9%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">1,677,336</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; padding-left: 10pt; text-indent: -10pt">&nbsp;Net
    loss</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">-</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">-</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">-</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">-</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">-</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">-</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">(293,144</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">)</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">(293,144</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">)</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; padding-left: 10pt; text-indent: -10pt">Balance
    at December 31, 2017</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">22,133,097</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">$</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">18,633,097</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">6,498,134</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">$</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">541,793</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">$</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">296,465</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">$</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">-</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">$</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">(18,087,163</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">)</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">$</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">1,384,192</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; padding-left: 10pt; text-indent: -10pt">&nbsp;Issuance
    common stock for cash</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">-</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">-</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">40,000</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">10,000</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">-</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">-</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">-</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">10,000</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; padding-left: 10pt; text-indent: -10pt">&nbsp;Issuance
    common stock for stock options</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">-</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">-</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">880,000</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">220,000</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">(220,000</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">)</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">-</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">-</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">-</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; padding-left: 10pt; text-indent: -10pt">&nbsp;Issuance
    common stock for consulting service</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">-</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">-</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">10,000</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">2,500</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">-</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">(1,667</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">)</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">-</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">833</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; padding-left: 10pt; text-indent: -10pt">&nbsp;Capital
    contribution by shareholders through debt conversion</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">-</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">-</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">-</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">-</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">5,800</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">-</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">-</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">5,800</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; padding-left: 10pt; text-indent: -10pt">&nbsp;Net
    loss</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">-</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">-</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">-</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">-</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">-</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">-</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">(590,423</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">)</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">(590,423</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">)</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 4pt; padding-left: 10pt; text-indent: -10pt">Balance
    at December 31, 2018</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 4pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">22,133,097</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 4pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 4pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">$</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">18,633,097</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 4pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 4pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">7,428,134</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 4pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 4pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">$</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">774,293</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 4pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 4pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">$</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">82,265</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 4pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 4pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">$</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">(1,667</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 4pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">)</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 4pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">$</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">(18,677,586</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 4pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">)</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 4pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">$</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">810,402</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 4pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
</TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
accompanying notes are an integral part of these financial statements.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: center"></P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: center"><A NAME="s_17"></A><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>BIOKEY,
INC.</B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>STATEMENTS
OF CASH FLOWS</B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>FOR
THE YEARS ENDED DECEMBER 31, 2018 AND 2017 </B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid">2018</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid">2017</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Cash flows from operating activities</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="width: 76%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; padding-left: 9pt">Net loss</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">$</TD><TD STYLE="width: 9%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">(590,423</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">)</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">$</TD><TD STYLE="width: 9%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">(293,144</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">)</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; text-indent: -9pt; padding-left: 0.25in">Adjustments
    to reconcile net loss to net cash used in operating activities:</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; padding-left: 0.25in">Depreciation and amortization</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">25,712</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">11,380</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; padding-left: 0.25in">Share-based compensation</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">833</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">-</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; padding-left: 0.25in">Changes in assets and liabilities:</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; padding-left: 27pt">Decrease (increase) in accounts
    receivable</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">2,340</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">57,285</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; padding-left: 27pt">Decrease (increase) in other
    receivable</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">-</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">6,000</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; padding-left: 27pt">Increase (decrease) in accounts
    payable</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">1,381</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">(19,089</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">)</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; padding-left: 27pt">Increase (decrease) in accrued&nbsp;expenses
    and other current liabilities</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">7,507</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">1,964</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; padding-left: 27pt">Increase
    (decrease) in advanced from customers</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">181</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">(4,467</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">)</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; padding-left: 0.5in">Net
    cash used in operating activities</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">(552,469</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">)</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">(240,071</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">)</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">Cash flows from investing activities</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; padding-left: 27pt">Purchase of equipment</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">(46,262</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">)</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">(7,794</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">)</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; padding-left: 0.5in">Net
    cash used in investing activities</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">(46,262</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">)</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">(7,794</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">)</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">Cash flows from financing activities</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; padding-left: 0.375in">Issuance of common
    stock for cash</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">10,000</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">-</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; padding-left: 0.5in">Net cash provided by
    financing activities</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">10,000</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">-</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">Net decrease in cash and
    cash equivalents</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">(588,731</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">)</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">(247,865</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">)</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">Cash and cash equivalents</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; padding-left: 0.25in">Beginning</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">1,225,397</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">1,473,262</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 4pt; padding-left: 0.25in">Ending</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 4pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">$</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">636,666</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 4pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 4pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">$</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">1,225,397</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 4pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">Supplemental disclosure of cash flows</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; padding-left: 0.25in">Cash paid during the year
    for:</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; padding-bottom: 4pt; padding-left: 27pt">Income
    tax</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 4pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">$</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">800</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 4pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 4pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">$</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">800</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 4pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; padding-bottom: 4pt; padding-left: 27pt">Interest
    expense</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 4pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">$</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">-</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 4pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 4pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">$</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">-</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 4pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-left: 27pt">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; text-indent: -27pt; padding-left: 27pt">Non-cash
    financing and investing activities</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; padding-bottom: 4pt; text-indent: -9pt; padding-left: 27pt">Related
    party debt forgiven</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 4pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">$</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">5,800</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 4pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 4pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">$</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">-</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 4pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
</TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
accompanying notes are an integral part of these financial statements.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"></P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: center"><A NAME="s_18"></A><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>BIOKEY,
INC. </B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>NOTES
TO THE FINAICAL STATEMENTS</B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>DECEMBER
31, 2018 </B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>NOTE
1. Nature of Business and Significant Accounting Policies</B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>Nature
of business: </B>BioKey, Inc., (hereinafter, &ldquo;the Company&rdquo;), was incorporated on August 9, 2000 in the State of California.
It is engaged primarily in research and development, manufacturing, and distribution of generic drugs and nutraceuticals with
strategic partners. The Company provides a wide range of services, including, API characterization, pre-formulation studies, formulation
development, analytical method development, stability studies, IND/NDA/ANDA/510K submissions, and manufacturing clinical trial
materials (phase 1 through phase 3) and commercial manufacturing. The Company also licenses out its technologies and initiates
joint research and development processes with other biotechnology, pharmaceutical, and nutraceutical companies.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>A
summary of the Company&rsquo;s significant accounting policies is as follows:</B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>&nbsp;</B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>Basis
of presentation:</B> The accompanying financial statements have been prepared in conformity with accounting principles generally
accepted in the United States of America.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>Use
of estimates: </B>The preparation of financial statements in conformity with generally accepted accounting principles of United
States of America requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities
and disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements and reported amounts of revenues and
expenses during the reporting period. Actual results could differ from those estimates.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>Cash
and cash equivalents: </B>For purposes of reporting cash flows, the Company considers all highly liquid debt instruments purchased
with a maturity of three months or less to be cash equivalents.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>Accounts
receivable and other receivable: </B>Accounts receivable and other receivable are stated at carrying value less estimates made
for doubtful receivables. An allowance for impairment of trade receivable and other receivable is established if the collection
of a receivable becomes doubtful. Such receivable becomes doubtful when there is objective evidence that the Company will not
be able to collect all amounts due according to the original terms of the receivables. Significant financial difficulties of the
debtor, probability that the debtor will enter into bankruptcy or financial reorganization, and default or delinquency in payments
are considered indicators that the receivable is impaired. The amount of the allowance is the difference between the asset&rsquo;s
carrying amount and the present value of estimated future cash flows, discounted at the original effective interest rate.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>Property
and equipment: </B>Property and equipment are recorded at cost. Depreciation is computed on the straight-line method over the
estimated useful lives of the related assets as follows:</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<TABLE CELLSPACING="0" CELLPADDING="0" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse">
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; background-color: #CCEEFF; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="width: 85%; text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Laboratory
    and manufacturing equipment</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 15%; text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">2
    ~5 years</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; background-color: white; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Office
    equipment</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">3
    years</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; background-color: #CCEEFF; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Leasehold
    improvement</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">3
    ~8 years</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; background-color: white; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Furniture
    and fixtures</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">8~15
    years</FONT></TD></TR>
</TABLE>
<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Expenditures
for major renewals and betterment that extend the useful lives of property and equipment are capitalized. Expenditures for repairs
and maintenance are charged to expense as incurred. When property and equipment are retired or otherwise disposed of, the asset
and accumulated depreciation are removed from the accounts and the resulting profit or loss is reflected in the statement of income
for the period.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>Impairment
of long-lived assets: </B>The Company reviews its long-lived assets whenever events or circumstances indicate that the carrying
amount of such assets may not be recoverable. Impairment is evaluated by comparing the carrying value of the long-lived assets
with the estimated future net undiscounted cash flows expected to result from the use of the assets, including cash flows from
disposition. Should the sum of the expected future net cash flows be less than the carrying value, the Company would recognize
an impairment loss at that date. An impairment loss would be measured by comparing the amount by which the carrying value exceeds
the fair value (estimated discounted future cash flows) of the long-lived assets.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"></P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>Revenue
recognition: </B>During the fiscal year 2018, the Company adopted Accounting Standards Codification (&ldquo;ASC&rdquo;), Topic
606 (ASC 606), Revenue from Contracts with Customers, using the modified retrospective method to all contracts that were not completed
as of January 1, 2018, and applying the new revenue standard as an adjustment to the opening balance of accumulated deficit at
the beginning of 2018 for the cumulative effect. The results for the Company&rsquo;s reporting periods beginning on and after
January 1, 2018 are presented under ASC 606, while prior period amounts are not adjusted and continue to be reported under the
accounting standards in effect for the prior period. Based on the Company&rsquo;s review of existing contracts as of January 1,
2018, the Company concluded that the adoption of the new guidance did not have a significant change on the Company&rsquo;s revenue
during all periods presented.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Pursuant
to ASC 606, the Company recognizes revenue when its customer obtains control of promised goods or services, in an amount that
reflects the consideration that the Company expects to receive in exchange for those goods or services. To determine revenue recognition
for arrangements that the Company determines is within the scope of ASC 606, the Company performs the following five steps: (i)
identify the contract(s) with a customer; (ii) identify the performance obligations in the contract; (iii) determine the transaction
price; (iv) allocate the transaction price to the performance obligations in the contract; and (v) recognize revenue when (or
as) the Company satisfies a performance obligation. The Company only applies the five-step model to contracts when it is probable
that the Company will collect the consideration the Company is entitled to in exchange for the goods or services the Company transfers
to the customers. At inception of the contract, once the contract is determined to be within the scope of ASC 606, the Company
assesses the goods or services promised within each contract, determines those that are performance obligations, and assesses
whether each promised good or service is distinct. The Company then recognizes as revenue the amount of the transaction price
that is allocated to the respective performance obligation when (or as) the performance obligation is satisfied. Generally, the
Company's performance obligations are transferred to customers at a point in time, typically upon delivery.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
Company currently only has one major revenue source, which is research and development activities services.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Revenues
related to research and development and regulatory activities are recognized when the related services or activities are performed,
in accordance with the contract terms. The Company typically has only one performance obligation at the inception of a contract,
which is to perform research and development services. The Company may also provide its customers with an option to request that
the Company provides additional goods or services in the future, such as active pharmaceutical ingredient, API, or IND/NDA/ANDA/510K
submissions. The Company evaluates whether these options are material rights at the inception of the contract. If the Company
determines an option is a material right, the Company will consider the option a separate performance obligation.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">If
the Company is entitled to reimbursement from its customers for specified research and development expenses, the Company accounts
for the related services that it provides as separate performance obligations if it determines that these services represent a
material right. The Company also determines whether the reimbursement of research and development expenses should be accounted
for as revenues or an offset to research and development expenses in accordance with provisions of gross or net revenue presentation.
The Company recognizes the corresponding revenues or records the corresponding offset to research and development expenses as
it satisfies the related performance obligations.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
Company then determines the transaction price by reviewing the amount of consideration the Company is eligible to earn under the
contracts, including any variable consideration. Under the outstanding contracts, consideration typically includes fixed consideration
and variable consideration in the form of potential milestone payments. At the start of an agreement, the Company&rsquo;s transaction
price usually consists of the payments made to or by the Company based on the number of full-time equivalent researchers assigned
to the project and the related research and development expenses incurred. The Company does not typically include any payments
that the Company may receive in the future in its initial transaction price because the payments are not probable. The Company
would reassess the total transaction price at each reporting period to determine if the Company should include additional payments
in the transaction price.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"></P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
Company receives payments from its customers based on billing schedules established in each contract. Upfront payments and fees
may be recorded as advance from customers upon receipt or when due, and may require deferral of revenue recognition to a future
period until the Company performs its obligations under these arrangements. Amounts are recorded as accounts receivable when the
right of the Company to consideration is unconditional. The Company does not assess whether a contract has a significant financing
component if the expectation at contract inception is such that the period between payment by the customers and the transfer of
the promised goods or services to the customers will be one year or less.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>Advertising
costs: </B>Advertising costs are expensed as incurred. The total advertising and marketing expenses were $0 for the years ended
December 31, 2018 and 2017.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>Research
and development:</B> The Company accounts for R&amp;D costs in accordance with Accounting Standards Codification (&ldquo;ASC&rdquo;)
730, Research and Development (&ldquo;ASC 730&rdquo;). Research and development expenses are charged to expense as incurred unless
there is an alternative future use in other research and development projects or otherwise. Research and development expenses
are comprised of costs incurred in performing research and development activities, including personnel-related costs, facilities-related
overhead, and outside contracted services including clinical trial costs, manufacturing and process development costs for both
clinical and preclinical materials, research costs, and other consulting services. Non-refundable advance payment for goods and
services that will be used in future research and development activities are expensed when the activity has been performed or
when the goods have been received rather than when the payment is made. In instances where the Company enters into agreements
with third parties to provide research and development services, costs are expensed as services are performed.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>Income
taxes: </B>The Company accounts for income taxes in accordance with ASC 740, Income Taxes, which requires that the Company recognize
deferred tax liabilities and assets based on the differences between the financial statement carrying amounts and the tax basis
of assets and liabilities, using enacted tax rates in effect in the years the differences are expected to reverse. Deferred income
tax benefit (expense) results from the change in net deferred tax assets or deferred tax liabilities. A valuation allowance is
recorded when, in the opinion of management, it is more likely than not that some or all of any deferred tax assets will not be
realized. The Company provides criteria for the recognition, measurement, presentation and disclosure of uncertain tax position.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>Valuation
of deferred tax assets: </B>A valuation allowance is recorded to reduce its deferred tax assets to the amount that is more likely
than not to be realized. In assessing the need for the valuation allowance, management considers, among other things, projections
of future taxable income and ongoing prudent and feasible tax planning strategies. If the Company determines that sufficient negative
evidence exists, then it will consider recording a valuation allowance against a portion or all of the deferred tax assets in
that jurisdiction. If, after recording a valuation allowance, the Company&rsquo;s projections of future taxable income and other
positive evidence considered in evaluating the need for a valuation allowance prove, with the benefit of hindsight, to be inaccurate,
it could prove to be more difficult to support the realization of its deferred tax assets. As a result, an additional valuation
allowance could be required, which would have an adverse impact on its effective income tax rate and results. Conversely, if,
after recording a valuation allowance, the Company determines that sufficient positive evidence exists in the jurisdiction in
which the valuation allowance was recorded, it may reverse a portion or all of the valuation allowance in that jurisdiction. In
such situations, the adjustment made to the deferred tax asset would have a favorable impact on its effective income tax rate
and results in the period such determination was made. In determining the need for a valuation allowance, management reviewed
both positive and negative evidence pursuant to the requirements of ASC Topic 740. At December 31, 2018, management concluded
that it is more likely than not that the Company would not realize benefits of its net deferred tax assets. The Company will continue
to evaluate the need for a valuation allowance in future periods based upon the criteria as provided for under ASC Topic 740.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"></P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
Company applied the provisions of ASC 740-10-50, &ldquo;Accounting For Uncertainty In Income Taxes&rdquo;, which provides clarification
related to the process associated with accounting for uncertain tax positions recognized in its financial statements. Audit periods
remain open for review until the statute of limitations has passed. The completion of review or the expiration of the statute
of limitations for a given audit period could result in an adjustment to the Company&rsquo;s liability for income taxes. Any such
adjustment could be material to the Company&rsquo;s results of operations for any given quarterly or annual period based, in part,
upon the results of operations for the given period. As of December 31, 2018 and 2017, management considered that the Company
had no uncertain tax positions, and will continue to evaluate for uncertain positions in the future.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>Concentration
of credit risks: </B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>Cash
and cash equivalents: </B>The Company maintains its cash in bank deposit accounts which, at times, may exceed federally insured
limits. Accounts are guaranteed by the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation (FDIC) up to $250,000. As of December 31, 2018 and
2017, the Company had $342,063 and $963,763 in excess of FDIC insured limits, respectively. The Company has not experienced any
losses in such accounts.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>Customers</B>:
The Company performs ongoing credit evaluations of its customers&rsquo; financial condition and generally, requires no collateral.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">For
the year ended December 31, 2018, Two customers who accounted for more than 10% of the Company&rsquo;s total net sales revenues,
representing approximately 38.8% and 15% of total net sales revenues, and 0% and 0% of accounts receivable in aggregate at December
31, 2018, respectively:</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid"><B>Customer</B></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"><B>&nbsp;</B></TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid"><B>Net&nbsp;sales&nbsp;for the year <BR> 2018</B></TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><B>&nbsp;</B></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"><B>&nbsp;</B></TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid"><B>Accounts
    receivable balance&nbsp;as of<BR> December&nbsp;31,<BR> 2018</B></TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><B>&nbsp;</B></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="width: 76%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">A</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">$</TD><TD STYLE="width: 9%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">167,596</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">$</TD><TD STYLE="width: 9%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">-</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">B</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">$</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">64,746</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">$</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">-</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
</TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">For
the year ended December 31, 2017, five customers who accounted for more than 10% of the Company&rsquo;s total net sales revenues,
representing approximately 28%, 15%, 14%, 10%, and 10% of total net sales revenues, and 0%, 8%, 0%, 1%, and 69% of accounts receivable
in aggregate at December 31, 2017, respectively:</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid"><B>Customer</B></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"><B>&nbsp;</B></TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid"><B>Net&nbsp;sales&nbsp;for the year <BR> 2017</B></TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><B>&nbsp;</B></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"><B>&nbsp;</B></TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid"><B>Accounts
    receivable balance&nbsp;as of <BR> December&nbsp;31,<BR> 2017</B></TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><B>&nbsp;</B></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="width: 76%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">A</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">$</TD><TD STYLE="width: 9%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">273,966</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">$</TD><TD STYLE="width: 9%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">-</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">B</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">$</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">150,450</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">$</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">15,950</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">C</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">$</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">141,674</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">$</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">-</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">D</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">$</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">98,000</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">$</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">2,300</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">E</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">$</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">88,085</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">$</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">134,312</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">*</TD></TR>
</TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">*
Related party transactions (See Note 3).</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>Suppliers:
</B>The Company currently is not entering any significant purchase agreements with suppliers for the years ended December 31,
2018 and 2017.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"></P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>Fair
value measurements:</B> FASB ASC 820, &ldquo;Fair Value Measurements&rdquo; defines fair value for certain financial and nonfinancial
assets and liabilities that are recorded at fair value, establishes a framework for measuring fair value and expands disclosures
about fair value measurements. It requires that an entity measure its financial instruments to base fair value on exit price,
maximize the use of observable units and minimize the use of unobservable inputs to determine the exit price. It establishes a
hierarchy which prioritizes the inputs to valuation techniques used to measure fair value. This hierarchy increases the consistency
and comparability of fair value measurements and related disclosures by maximizing the use of observable inputs and minimizing
the use of unobservable inputs by requiring that observable inputs be used when available. Observable inputs are inputs that reflect
the assumptions market participants would use in pricing the assets or liabilities based on market data obtained from sources
independent of the Company. Unobservable inputs are inputs that reflect the Company&rsquo;s own assumptions about the assumptions
market participants would use in pricing the asset or liability developed based on the best information available in the circumstances.
The hierarchy prioritizes the inputs into three broad levels based on the reliability of the inputs as follows:</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<TABLE CELLSPACING="0" CELLPADDING="0" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse">
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="width: 24px; text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 24px; text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#9679;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Level
    1 &ndash; Inputs are quoted prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities that the Company has the ability
    to access at the measurement date. Valuation of these instruments does not require a high degree of judgment as the valuations
    are based on quoted prices in active markets that are readily and regularly available.</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#9679;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Level
    2 &ndash; Inputs other than quoted prices in active markets that are either directly or indirectly observable as of the measurement
    date, such as quoted prices for similar assets or liabilities; quoted prices in markets that are not active; or other inputs
    that are observable or can be corroborated by observable market data for substantially the full term of the assets or liabilities.</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#9679;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Level
    3 &ndash; Valuations based on inputs that are unobservable and not corroborated by market data. The fair value for such assets
    and liabilities is generally determined using pricing models, discounted cash flow methodologies, or similar techniques that
    incorporate the assumptions a market participant would use in pricing the asset or liability.</FONT></TD></TR>
</TABLE>
<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
carrying values of certain assets and liabilities of the Company, such as cash and cash equivalents, accounts receivable, accounts
payable, accrued liabilities, and advance from customers, approximate fair value due to their relatively short maturities.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>Stock-based
compensation: </B><FONT STYLE="background-color: white">The Company accounts for its stock-based compensation in accordance with
ASC 718, Compensation&mdash;Stock Compensation, which establishes accounting for stock-based awards granted to employees for services
and requires companies to expense the estimated fair value of these awards over the requisite service period. The Company estimates
the fair value of all awards granted using the Black-Scholes valuation model. Key inputs and assumptions include the expected
term of the option, stock price volatility, risk-free interest rate, dividend yield, stock price and exercise price. Many of the
assumptions require significant judgment and any changes could have a material impact in the determination of stock-based compensation
expense. The Company elected an accounting policy to record forfeitures as they occur. The Company recognizes employee stock-based
compensation expense based on the fair value of the award on the date of the grant. The compensation expense is recognized over
the vesting period under the straight-line method. </FONT>During the years ended December 31, 2018 and 2017, the Company did not
record any employee stock-based compensation expenses.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt; background-color: white">The
Company accounts for options awards granted to nonemployee consultants and directors under ASC 505 Equity. The fair value of the
option issued or committed to be issued is used to measure the transaction, as this is more reliable than the fair value of the
services received. The fair value is measured at the value of the Company&rsquo;s common stock at the earlier of the date that
the commitment for performance by the counterparty has been reached or the counterparty&rsquo;s performance is complete. Awards
granted to nonemployees are remeasured to fair value at each period end date until vested and expensed on a straight-line basis
over the vesting period.</FONT> <FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">During the years
ended December 31, 2018 and 2017, the stock-based compensation expenses to non-employee consultants were $833 and $0, respectively.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>Profit
sharing plan:</B> The Company has a 401 (k) profit sharing plan for employees who have reached the age of twenty-one and have
completed one year of eligibility service. The Company&rsquo;s contribution is based on management&rsquo;s discretion. In addition,
the Company may make a nonelective contributions to the plan. The amount of the nonelective contribution is determined by its
Board of Directors on an annual basis. Total contributions that the Company made to the plan were $0 for the years ended December
31, 2018 and 2017.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>Recently
issued accounting pronouncements: </B>In February 2016, the FASB issued ASU No. 2016-02, &ldquo;Leases.&rdquo; The core principle
of the ASU is that a lessee should recognize the assets and liabilities that arise from its leases other than those that meet
the definition of a short-term lease. The ASU requires extensive qualitative and quantitative disclosures, including with respect
to significant judgments made by management. Subsequently, the FASB issued ASU No. 2017-13, in September 2017 and ASU No. 2018-01,
in January 2018, which amends and clarifies ASU 2016-02. The ASU will be effective for the Company beginning January 1, 2019,
including interim periods in the fiscal year 2019. Early adoption is permitted. The Company is in the process of determining the
method of adoption and assessing the impact of this ASU on its consolidated results of operations, cash flows, financial position
and disclosures.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"></P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt; background-color: white">On
December 22, 2017, the SEC issued Staff Accounting Bulletin (&ldquo;SAB 118&rdquo;), which provides guidance on accounting for
tax effects of the Tax Act. SAB 118 provides a measurement period that should not extend beyond one year from the Tax Act enactment
date for companies to complete the accounting under ASC 740. In accordance with SAB 118, a company must reflect the income tax
effects of those aspects of the Act for which the accounting under ASC 740 is complete. In March 2018, the FASB issued ASU 2018-05,
Amendments to SEC Paragraphs Pursuant to SEC Staff Accounting Bulletin No. 118 (SEC Update), Income Taxes (Topic 740). ASU 2018-05
provides guidance regarding the recording of tax impacts where uncertainty exists, in the period of adoption of the 2017 U.S.
Tax Cuts and Jobs Act (the &ldquo;2017 Tax Act&rdquo;). To the extent that a company&rsquo;s accounting for certain income tax
effects of the Tax Act is incomplete but it is able to determine a reasonable estimate, it must record a provisional estimate
to be included in the financial statements. If a company cannot determine a provisional estimate to be included in the financial
statements, it should continue to apply ASC 740 on the basis of the provision of the tax laws that were in effect immediately
before the enactment of the Tax Act. While the Company is able to make reasonable estimates of the impact of the reduction in
corporate rate and the deemed repatriation transition tax, the final impact of the Tax Act may differ from these estimates, due
to, among other things, changes in our interpretations and assumptions, additional guidance that may be issued by the I.R.S.,
and actions we may take. The Company is continuing to gather additional information to determine the final impact.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">On
June 20, 2018, the FASB issued ASU 2018-07, Compensation &ndash; Stock Compensation (Topic 718): Improvements to Nonemployee Share-Based
Payment Accounting. This new standard simplifies the accounting for share-based payments granted to nonemployees for goods and
services. The standard supersedes ASC 505-50 and expands the scope of ASC 718 to include all share-based payment arrangements
related to the acquisition of goods and services from both nonemployees and employees. As such, among others, the measurement
date for nonemployee awards would generally be the grant date same as the measurement date for employee equity awards and for
performance-based awards, an entity is required to recognize any cost on the basis of the probable outcome of the performance&nbsp;conditions
using the grant-date fair value of the award. ASU 2018-07 is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2018, including
interim periods within those fiscal years. <FONT STYLE="background-color: white">The Company is continuing to gather additional
information to determine the final impact and</FONT> expects to adopt this guidance when effective.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">On
August 28, 2018, the FASB issued ASU No. 2018-13, Fair Value Measurement (Topic 820): Disclosure Framework &mdash; Changes to
the Disclosure Requirements for Fair Value Measurement. This standard changes the fair value measurement disclosure requirements
of ASC 820. The new standard eliminated certain disclosures, added new disclosures with regard to unrealized gains or losses included
in other comprehensive income for recurring Level 3 fair value measurements held at the end of the reporting period and the range
and weighted average used to develop significant unobservable inputs for Level 3 fair value measurements, as well as modified
certain disclosure. ASU 2018-13 is effective for all entities for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2019, including interim
periods therein. Early adoption is permitted. The ASU requires application of the prospective method of transition for the aforementioned
new disclosure requirements and for modified disclosure with regard to measurement uncertainty while all other amendments made
by the ASU must be applied retrospectively to all periods presented. The Company is in the process of assessing the impact of
this standard on its financial statements.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>NOTE
2. Property and Equipment</B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
following is a summary of the Company&rsquo;s property and equipment as of December 31, 2018 and 2017:</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><B>&nbsp;</B></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"><B>&nbsp;</B></TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid"><B>2018</B></TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><B>&nbsp;</B></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"><B>&nbsp;</B></TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid"><B>2017</B></TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><B>&nbsp;</B></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="width: 76%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">Laboratory and manufacturing equipment</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">$</TD><TD STYLE="width: 9%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">876,261</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">$</TD><TD STYLE="width: 9%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">829,999</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">Office equipment</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">6,081</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">6,081</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">Leasehold improvements</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">1,994,585</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">1,994,585</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">Furniture and fixtures</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">106,510</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">106,510</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-left: 9pt">Subtotal</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">2,983,437</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">2,937,175</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">Less: accumulated depreciation</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">(2,925,287</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">)</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">(2,899,575</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">)</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; padding-bottom: 4pt; padding-left: 9pt">Property
    and equipment, net</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 4pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">$</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">58,150</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 4pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 4pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">$</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">37,600</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 4pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
</TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Total
depreciation expense was $25,712 and $11,380 for the years ended December 31, 2018 and 2017, respectively.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"></P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>&nbsp;</B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>NOTE
3. Related Party Transactions</B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><I><U>Operating
lease</U></I></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
Company has subleased a portion of its office space to Amkey Ventures, LLC, (the &ldquo;Amkey&rdquo;) since June 21, 2001. The
sublease is automatically renewed on an annual basis. Amkey is incorporated in the State of California on April 23, 2001. Mr.
George J Lee, the Chairman of the Company, is one of managers of Amkey. The rental income was $4,800 for the years ended December
31, 2018 and 2017.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">On
February 8, 2019, the Company has become one of wholly-owned subsidiaries of American BriVision (Holding) Corporation (the &ldquo;ABVC&rdquo;),
a Nevada company, pursuant to the definitive Agreement and Plan of Merger dated at January 31, 2018. On October 2, 2018, the Company
and ABVC entered into an operating lease agreement to sublease a portion of its office space to ABVC. The lease can be terminated
one month in advance provided with written notice. The rental income was $2,400 and $0 for the years ended December 31, 2018 and
2017, respectively.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
subleases above are classified as an operating lease and the original lessee shall continue to account for the original lease
as it did before commencement of the sublease. Pursuant to ASC 842-20-35-14, the nature of this sublease is such that the original
lessee is not relieved of the primary obligation under the original lease, the original lessee (as sublessor) shall continue to
account for the original lease. Accordingly, the Company recorded the rental income as a reduction of rent expenses for the years
ended December 31, 2018 and 2017.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><I><U>Related
party sales transaction</U></I></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Genepharm
Inc., (the &ldquo;Genepharm&rdquo;), was incorporated on March 6, 2000 in the State of California. Mr. George J Lee is the Chairman
of both Genepharm and the Company. The Company had net sales of $18,900 and $88,085 to Genepharm for the years ended December
31, 2018 and 2017, respectively. As of December 31, 2018 and 2017, the Company also had accounts receivable of $142,225 and $134,312
due from Genepharm, respectively.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><I><U>Due
to shareholders</U></I></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><I>&nbsp;</I></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
Company has advanced funds from its shareholder and Chairman for working capital purposes. The Company has not entered into any
agreement on the repayment terms for these advances. The advances bore no interest rate and were due upon demand by its shareholder
and Chairman.&nbsp;<FONT STYLE="background-color: white">During the year ended December 31, 2018, the debt of $5,800 was forgiven
by&nbsp;</FONT>its shareholder and Chairman&nbsp;<FONT STYLE="background-color: white">and the Company recorded the debt forgiveness
as additional paid in capital.&nbsp;</FONT>As of December 31, 2018 and 2017, the outstanding advances were $0 and 5,800, respectively.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>NOTE
4. Accrued Expenses and Other Current Liabilities</B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Accrued
expenses and other current liabilities as of December 31, 2018 and 2017 consisted of:</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><B>&nbsp;</B></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"><B>&nbsp;</B></TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid"><B>2018</B></TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><B>&nbsp;</B></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"><B>&nbsp;</B></TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid"><B>2017</B></TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><B>&nbsp;</B></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="width: 76%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">Accrued professional fees</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">$</TD><TD STYLE="width: 9%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">35,970</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">$</TD><TD STYLE="width: 9%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">35,756</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">Accrued vacation</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">14,641</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">19,541</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">Others</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">14,472</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">2,279</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 4pt">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 4pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">$</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">65,083</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 4pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 4pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">$</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">57,576</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 4pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
</TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"></P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>&nbsp;</B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>NOTE
5. Stock-Based Compensation</B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt; background-color: white"><B><I>2015
Stock Plan</I></B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
Company&rsquo;s board of directors adopted, and its stockholders approved its 2015 Stock Plan (the &ldquo;2015 Plan&rdquo;) in
March 2015, providing for the issuance under 2015 Plan of options and rights to purchase up to Four million two hundred and fifty
thousand (4,250,000) shares of Common Stock. As of December 31, 2018 and 2017, there were 308,455 and 918,843 shares available
for issuance under the Company&rsquo;s 2015 Plan, respectively, which provides for the grant of incentive stock options and nonstatutory
stock options to employees, directors, and consultants.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
exercise price of incentive stock options under the 2015 Plan shall be no less than 100% of the fair market value per share of
the Common Stock on the date of grant. Notwithstanding the above, if an incentive stock option is granted to an employee who owns
more than ten percent of the total combined voting power of all classes of stock of the Company or any subsidiary, the exercise
price shall be no less than 110% of the fair market value per share of the Common Stock on the date of grant. The exercise price
of nonstatutory stock options under the 2015 Plan shall be no less than 100% of the fair market value per share of the Common
Stock on the date of grant.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">All
stock options under the 2015 Plan have a term of no greater than 10 years from the date of grant. However, in the case of an option
granted to an optionee who, at the time the optionee is granted, owns stock representing more than ten percent of the voting power
of all classes of stock of the Company or subsidiary, the term of the option shall be 5 years from the date of grant or such shorter
term as may be provided in the option agreement.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Vesting
of stock options is determined by the board of directors of the Company. No stock option may be exercised subsequent to its termination
date. The purchase price of a right to purchase Common Stock and the termination date of the offer under the 2015 Plan is determined
by the board of directors of the Company. The Company shall have the right to repurchase all or a portion of the shares acquired
pursuant to the exercise of this option in the event that the participant&rsquo;s continuous service should terminate for any
reason whatsoever.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt; background-color: white">The
fair value of each stock option granted under 2015 Plan was estimated on the date of grant using the Black-Scholes option pricing
model with the following assumptions:</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<TABLE CELLSPACING="0" CELLPADDING="0" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse">
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="6" STYLE="border-bottom: black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>Year
    Ended </B></FONT><BR>
    <FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>December 31,</B></FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="border-bottom: black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>2018</B></FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="border-bottom: black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>2017</B></FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="width: 76%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Weighted
    average fair value of Common Stock on date of grant</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">$</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 9%; text-align: right; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">0.30</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">$</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 9%; text-align: right; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">0.30</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Weighted
    average exercise price of the options</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">$</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: right; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">N/A</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">$</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: right; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">N/A
    </FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Weighted
    average exercise price of options outstanding at end of period</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">$</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: right; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">0.14</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">$</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: right; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">0.14</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Expected
    term of the options (years)</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: right; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">4</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: right; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">4</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Expected
    volatility (%)</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: right; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">30</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">%</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: right; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">30</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">%</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Risk-free
    interest rate</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: right; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">4.0</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">%</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: right; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">4.0</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">%</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Dividend
    yield</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: right; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">N/A</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: right; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">N/A</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Expected
    forfeiture per year (%)</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: right; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">3</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">%</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: right; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">3</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">%</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Weighted
    average fair value of the options per unit</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">$</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: right; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">0.30</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">$</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: right; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">0.30</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD></TR>
</TABLE>
<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><I>*
No stock options were granted&nbsp;during the years ended December 31, 2018 and 2017</I></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt; background-color: white">Compensation
expense related to stock-based transactions is measured and recognized in the financial statements based on the fair value of
the awards granted. The stock-based compensation expense, net of forfeitures, is recognized on a straight-line basis over the
requisite service periods of the awards, which is generally three to four years.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt; background-color: white">Use
of the Black-Scholes</FONT> <FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">option pricing model
<FONT STYLE="background-color: white">requires the input of subjective assumptions, including the fair value of the underlying
Common Stock, expected term of the option, expected volatility of the price of the Common Stock, risk-free interest rates, and
expected dividend yield of the Common Stock. The assumptions used in the option-pricing model represent management&rsquo;s best
estimates.</FONT></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"></P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt; background-color: white">These
assumptions and estimates are as follows:</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt; background-color: white"><U>Fair
Value of Common Stock</U></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt; background-color: white">The
fair value of the Common Stock underlying its stock-based awards was primarily based on the latest financing rounds of issuing
equity interest near the option grant date. It was determined by the Company&rsquo;s board of directors, with input from management
and a third-party valuation firm.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt; background-color: white"><U>Expected
Term </U></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt; background-color: white">The
expected term assumptions were determined based on the vesting terms, exercise terms, and contractual lives of the options.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt; background-color: white"><U>Expected
Volatility</U></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
expected volatility of stock options is estimated based upon the historical volatility of a number of publicly traded companies
in similar stages of development and comparable industries for a period commensurate with the expected life.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt; background-color: white"><U>Risk-Free
Interest Rate</U></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
risk-free interest rate is based on the U.S. Treasury yield curve in effect at the time of grant for zero-coupon U.S. Treasury
notes with maturities approximately equal to the option&rsquo;s expected term.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt; background-color: white"><U>Dividend
Yield</U></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt; background-color: white">The
Company has never declared or paid any cash dividends and does not presently plan to pay cash dividends in the foreseeable future.
Consequently, an expected dividend yield of zero was utilized.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><U>Expected
Forfeitures</U></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
Company considers many factors when estimating expected forfeitures, including economic environment, and historical experience.
The Company updates its estimated forfeiture rate annually.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
following table summarizes the stock option activity under the 2015 Plan and related information:</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<TABLE CELLSPACING="0" CELLPADDING="0" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse">
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD COLSPAN="13" STYLE="border-bottom: black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center"><B><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Options
    Outstanding</FONT></B></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><B><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></B></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><B><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></B></TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="text-align: center; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><B><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Number
    of</FONT></B></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><B><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></B></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><B><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></B></TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="text-align: center; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><B><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></B></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><B><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></B></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><B><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></B></TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="text-align: center; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><B><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Weighted-</FONT></B></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><B><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></B></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><B><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></B></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><B><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></B></TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="text-align: center; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><B><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Shares</FONT></B></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><B><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></B></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><B><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></B></TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center"><B><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;Weighted-</FONT></B></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><B><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></B></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><B><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></B></TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="text-align: center; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><B><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Average</FONT></B></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><B><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></B></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><B><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></B></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><B><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></B></TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="text-align: center; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><B><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Underlying</FONT></B></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><B><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></B></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><B><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></B></TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="text-align: center; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><B><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Average</FONT></B></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><B><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></B></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><B><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></B></TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="text-align: center; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><B><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Remaining</FONT></B></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><B><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></B></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><B><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></B></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><B><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></B></TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="text-align: center; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><B><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Outstanding</FONT></B></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><B><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></B></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><B><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></B></TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="text-align: center; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><B><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Exercise&nbsp;</FONT></B></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><B><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></B></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><B><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></B></TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="text-align: center; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><B><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Contractual</FONT></B></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><B><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></B></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><B><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></B></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><B><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></B></TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="border-bottom: black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center"><B><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Options</FONT></B></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><B><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></B></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><B><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></B></TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="border-bottom: black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center"><B>Price</B></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><B><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></B></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><B><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></B></TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="border-bottom: black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center"><B><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Life&nbsp;(Years)</FONT></B></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><B><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></B></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="width: 67%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Outstanding
    &ndash; January&nbsp;1, 2017</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 8%; text-align: right; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">45,767</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 8%; text-align: right; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">0.24</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 8%; text-align: right; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">5.97</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="padding-left: 9pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Granted</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: right; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">-</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: right; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">N/A</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: right; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">-</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="padding-left: 9pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Exercised</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: right; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">-</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: right; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">N/A</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: right; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">-</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="padding-left: 9pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Forfeited
    or cancelled</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(32,356</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">)</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: right; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">N/A</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: right; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">-</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Outstanding
    &ndash; December&nbsp;31, 2017</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: right; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">13,411</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: right; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">0.25</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: right; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">5.72</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="padding-left: 9pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Granted</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: right; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">-</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: right; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">N/A</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: right; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">-</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="padding-left: 9pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Exercised</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: right; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">-</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: right; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">N/A</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: right; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">-</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="padding-left: 9pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Forfeited
    or cancelled</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(13,411</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">)</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: right; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">N/A</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: right; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">-</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 4pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Outstanding
    &ndash; December&nbsp;31, 2018</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 4pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">-</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 4pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 4pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 4pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: right; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 4pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">NA</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 4pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 4pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 4pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: right; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 4pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">-</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 4pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: right; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: right; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: right; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 4pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Exercisable
    &ndash; December 31, 2018</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 4pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">-</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 4pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 4pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 4pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">$</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: right; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 4pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">N/A</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 4pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 4pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 4pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: right; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 4pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">-</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 4pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: right; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: right; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: right; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 4pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Vested
    and expected to vest &ndash; December 31, 2018</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 4pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">-</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 4pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 4pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 4pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">$</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: right; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 4pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">N/A</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 4pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 4pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 4pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: right; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 4pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">-</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 4pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: right; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: right; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: right; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 4pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Exercisable
    &ndash; December&nbsp;31, 2017</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 4pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">13,411</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 4pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 4pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 4pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">$</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: right; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 4pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">0.25</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 4pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 4pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 4pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: right; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 4pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">5.72</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 4pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: right; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: right; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: right; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Vested
    and expected to vest &ndash; December&nbsp;31, 2017</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: right; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">13,411</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">$</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: right; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">0.25</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: right; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">5.72</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD></TR>
</TABLE>
<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
weighted-average grant-date fair value of options granted during the years ended December 31, 2018 and 2017 was $nil and $0.25
per share, respectively. The total fair value of options vested during the years ended December 31, 2018 and 2017 was $0.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"></P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>NOTE
6. Operating Lease Obligation</B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
Company leases its main office in Fremont, California, under operating leases expiring on February 28, 2021. The monthly rent
is approximately $23,600. The Company also leases an office equipment with monthly payment of approximately $220 expiring on August
31, 2019. The total rent expenses were $278,961 and $274,978 for the years ended December 31, 2018 and 2017, respectively.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Future
minimum lease payments under the Company&rsquo;s operating leases are as follows:</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"><B>As of December
    31,</B></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"><B>&nbsp;</B></TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid"><B>Amount</B></TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><B>&nbsp;</B></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="width: 88%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">2019</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="width: 9%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">304,726</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">2020</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">310,239</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">2021</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">51,910</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 4pt; text-align: left">Total</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 4pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">$</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">666,875</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 4pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
</TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>NOTE
7. Income Taxes</B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
Company files income tax returns in the U.S. federal jurisdiction, and California state and local jurisdictions. The Company is
not currently under examination by the Internal Revenue Service or any state income tax authorities. The 2015 through 2017 tax
years remain subject to examination by the Internal Revenue Service. The 2014 through 2017 tax years generally remain subject
to examination by California.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">On&nbsp;December
22, 2017<I>&nbsp;</I>H.R<I>.&nbsp;</I>1,&nbsp;originally known as the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act, (the &ldquo;Tax Act&rdquo;) was enacted.
Among the significant changes to the U.S. Internal Revenue Code, the Tax Act lowers the U.S. federal corporate income tax rate
(&ldquo;Federal Tax Rate&rdquo;) from&nbsp;35%&nbsp;to&nbsp;21%&nbsp;effective January 1, 2018<I>.&nbsp;</I>The&nbsp;21%&nbsp;Federal
Tax Rate will apply to earnings reported for the full&nbsp;2018<I>&nbsp;</I>fiscal year. In addition, the Company must re-measure
its net deferred tax assets and liabilities using the Federal Tax Rate that will apply when these amounts are expected to reverse.
As of&nbsp;December 31,&nbsp;2018,&nbsp;the Company can determine a reasonable estimate for certain effects of tax reform and
is recording that estimate as a provisional amount. The provisional remeasurement of the deferred tax assets and allowance valuation
of deferred tax assets at December 31, 2018 and 2017 resulted in a&nbsp;net effect of $0 discrete tax expenses (benefit) which
lowered the effective tax rate by&nbsp;14%&nbsp;for the years ended December 31, 2018 and 2017. The provisional remeasurement
amount is anticipated to change as data becomes available allowing more accurate scheduling of the deferred tax assets and liabilities
primarily related to net operating loss carryover.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Components
of income tax (benefits) for the years ended December 31, 2018 and 2017 are as follows:</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><B>&nbsp;</B></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"><B>&nbsp;</B></TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="10" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid"><B>For
    the year ended December 31, 2018</B></TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><B>&nbsp;</B></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"><B>&nbsp;</B></TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="10" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid"><B>For
    the year ended December 31, 2017</B></TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><B>&nbsp;</B></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><B>&nbsp;</B></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"><B>&nbsp;</B></TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid"><B>Federal</B></TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><B>&nbsp;</B></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"><B>&nbsp;</B></TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid"><B>State</B></TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><B>&nbsp;</B></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"><B>&nbsp;</B></TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid"><B>Total</B></TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><B>&nbsp;</B></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"><B>&nbsp;</B></TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid"><B>Federal</B></TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><B>&nbsp;</B></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"><B>&nbsp;</B></TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid"><B>State</B></TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><B>&nbsp;</B></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"><B>&nbsp;</B></TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid"><B>Total</B></TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><B>&nbsp;</B></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="width: 28%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Current</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">$</TD><TD STYLE="width: 9%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">-</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">$</TD><TD STYLE="width: 9%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">800</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">$</TD><TD STYLE="width: 9%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">800</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">$</TD><TD STYLE="width: 9%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">-</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">$</TD><TD STYLE="width: 9%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">800</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">$</TD><TD STYLE="width: 9%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">800</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">Deferred</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">-</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">-</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">-</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">-</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">-</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">-</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 4pt">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 4pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">$</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">-</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 4pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 4pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">$</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">800</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 4pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 4pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">$</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">800</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 4pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 4pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">$</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">-</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 4pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 4pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">$</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">800</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 4pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 4pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">$</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">800</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 4pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
</TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: center"></P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Significant
components of the Company&rsquo;s deferred tax accounts at December 31, 2018 and 2017:</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><B>&nbsp;</B></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"><B>&nbsp;</B></TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid"><B>December&nbsp;31,<BR>
    2018</B></TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><B>&nbsp;</B></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"><B>&nbsp;</B></TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid"><B>December&nbsp;31,<BR>
    2017</B></TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><B>&nbsp;</B></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Deferred Tax Account - noncurrent:</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="width: 76%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; padding-left: 9pt">Allowance for Doubtful
    Accounts</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">$</TD><TD STYLE="width: 9%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">2,514</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">$</TD><TD STYLE="width: 9%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">20,846</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; padding-left: 9pt">Reserve for Obsolete Inventory</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">177</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">177</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; padding-left: 9pt">Accrued Vacation</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">4,097</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">5,468</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; padding-left: 9pt">Accumulated Depreciation</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">(4,792</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">)</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">(2,703</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; padding-left: 9pt">Tax Net Operating Loss Carryforwards</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">3,824,558</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">3,740,797</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; padding-left: 9pt">General Business Credit</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">1,348,855</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">1,316,980</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; padding-left: 0.25in">Less:
    Valuation allowance</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">(5,175,409</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">)</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">(5,081,565</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">)</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; padding-bottom: 4pt; padding-left: 27pt">Total deferred
    tax account - noncurrent</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 4pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">$</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">-</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 4pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 4pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">$</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">-</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 4pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
</TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
difference between the effective rate reflected in the provision for income taxes on loss before taxes and the amounts determined
by applying the applicable statutory U.S. tax rate are analyzed below:</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><B>&nbsp;</B></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"><B>&nbsp;</B></TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid"><B>2018</B></TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><B>&nbsp;</B></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"><B>&nbsp;</B></TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid"><B>2017</B></TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><B>&nbsp;</B></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="width: 76%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify">Statutory tax benefit, net of state
    effects</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="width: 9%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">19</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">%</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="width: 9%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">31</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">%</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify">State income taxes</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">8.84</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">%</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">8.84</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">%</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify">Provisional remeasurement of deferred taxes</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">-</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">%</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">(12</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">)%</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify">Nondeductible/nontaxable items</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">-</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">%</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">-</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">%</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">Change in valuation allowance</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">(27.84</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">)%</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">(27.84</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">)%</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; padding-bottom: 4pt">Effective income tax rate</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 4pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">-</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 4pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">%</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 4pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">-</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 4pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">%</TD></TR>
</TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>NOTE
8. Subsequent Events</B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">American
BriVision (Holding) Corporation (&ldquo;ABVC&rdquo;), BioLite Holding, Inc. (&ldquo;BioLite&rdquo;), BioKey, Inc. (the &ldquo;Company&rdquo;
or &ldquo;BioKey&rdquo;), BioLite Acquisition Corp., a direct wholly-owned subsidiary of ABVC (&ldquo;Merger Sub 1&rdquo;), and
BioKey Acquisition Corp., a direct wholly-owned subsidiary of ABVC (&ldquo;Merger Sub 2&rdquo;) (<FONT STYLE="background-color: white">collectively
referred to as the &ldquo;Parties&rdquo;),</FONT> entered into a definitive Agreement and Plan of Merger (the &ldquo;Merger Agreement&rdquo;)
dated as of January 31, 2018, providing for the acquisition of BioLite and BioKey by ABVC. Pursuant to the terms of the Merger
Agreement, BioLite will merge with Merger Sub 1 with BioLite as the surviving corporation, which is referred to as the &ldquo;BioLite
Merger.&rdquo; BioKey will merge with Merger Sub 2 with BioKey as the surviving corporation, which is referred as the &ldquo;BioKey
Merger.&rdquo; BioLite Merger and BioKey Merger together are sometimes referred to as the Mergers.&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">On
February 8, 2019, the Parties of the Merger Agreement consummated the Merger transactions. Pursuant to the terms of the Merger
Agreement, BioLite and BioKey became two wholly-owned subsidiaries of ABVC on February 8, 2019. As of the date of this prospectus,
the Company is in the process of issuing shares of common stocks of ABVC as merger considerations to the shareholders of BioLite
and BioKey pursuant to ABVC&rsquo;s registration statement (the &ldquo;Registration Statement on S-4&rdquo;) on <A HREF="http://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/1173313/000121390019000796/fs42018a3_americanbrivision.htm">Form S-4</A> Amendment
No. 3 filed with the SEC on January 16, 2019 which became effective by operation of law on or about February 5, 2019.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
Company has evaluated subsequent events through the date which the financial statements were available to be issued. All subsequent
events requiring recognition as of December 31, 2018 have been incorporated into these financial statements and there are no subsequent
events that require disclosure in accordance with FASB ASC Topic 855, &ldquo;Subsequent Events.&rdquo;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B><I>&nbsp;</I></B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">******</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>





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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><B>&nbsp;</B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><B>PART
II&nbsp;&mdash;&nbsp;INFORMATION NOT REQUIRED IN PROSPECTUS</B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; background-color: white"><FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><B>Item
13. <I>Other Expenses of Issuance and Distribution</I></B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">The
following table sets forth all expenses to be paid by the Registrant, other than estimated placement agents&rsquo; fees, in connection
with our public offering. All amounts shown are estimates except for the SEC registration fee and the FINRA filing fee:</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<TABLE CELLSPACING="0" CELLPADDING="0" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse">
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="width: 88%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">SEC
    registration fee</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">$</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 9%; text-align: right; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">2,593.68</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: white; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">FINRA
    filing fee</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">$</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: right; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">3,710.00</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Legal
    fees and expenses</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">$</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: right; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;250,000</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: white; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Accounting
    fees and expenses</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">$</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: right; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">50,000</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Transfer
    agent and registrar fees</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">$</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: right; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">5,000</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: white; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Miscellaneous
    fees and expenses</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">$</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">30,000</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>Total</B></FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: black 4.5pt double; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">$</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: black 4.5pt double; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">*</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD></TR>
</TABLE>
<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<TABLE CELLSPACING="0" CELLPADDING="0" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%">
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="width: 29px; text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">*</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Estimated.</FONT></TD></TR>
</TABLE>
<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><B>Item
14. <I>Indemnification of Directors and Officers</I></B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Neither
our Articles of Incorporation nor Bylaws prevent us from indemnifying our officers, directors and agents to the extent permitted
under the Nevada Revised Statute (&ldquo;NRS&rdquo;). NRS Section 78.7502 provides that a corporation shall indemnify any director,
officer, employee or agent of a corporation against expenses, including attorneys&rsquo; fees, actually and reasonably incurred
by him in connection with any the defense to the extent that a director, officer, employee or agent of a corporation has been
successful on the merits or otherwise in defense of any action, suit or proceeding referred to Section 78.7502(1) or 78.7502(2),
or in defense of any claim, issue or matter therein.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"> NRS 78.7502(1)
provides that a corporation may indemnify any person who was or is a party or is threatened to be made a party to any threatened,
pending or completed action, suit or proceeding, whether civil, criminal, administrative or investigative, except an action by
or in the right of the corporation, by reason of the fact that he is or was a director, officer, employee or agent of the corporation,
or is or was serving at the request of the corporation as a director, officer, employee or agent of another corporation, partnership,
joint venture, trust or other enterprise, against expenses, including attorneys&rsquo; fees, judgments, fines and amounts paid
in settlement actually and reasonably incurred by him in connection with the action, suit or proceeding if he: (a) is not liable
pursuant to NRS 78.138; or (b) acted in good faith and in a manner which he reasonably believed to be in or not opposed to the
best interests of the corporation, and, with respect to any criminal action or proceeding, had no reasonable cause to believe
his conduct was unlawful. </P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"> &nbsp; </P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"> NRS Section
78.7502(2) provides that a corporation may indemnify any person who was or is a party or is threatened to be made a party to any
threatened, pending or completed action or suit by or in the right of the corporation to procure a judgment in its favor by reason
of the fact that he is or was a director, officer, employee or agent of the corporation, or is or was serving at the request of
the corporation as a director, officer, employee or agent of another corporation, partnership, joint venture, trust or other enterprise
against expenses, including amounts paid in settlement and attorneys&rsquo; fees actually and reasonably incurred by him in connection
with the defense or settlement of the action or suit if he: (a) is not liable pursuant to NRS 78.138; or (b) acted in good faith
and in a manner which he reasonably believed to be in or not opposed to the best interests of the corporation. Indemnification
may not be made for any claim, issue or matter as to which such a person has been adjudged by a court of competent jurisdiction,
after exhaustion of all appeals there from, to be liable to the corporation or for amounts paid in settlement to the corporation,
unless and only to the extent that the court in which the action or suit was brought or other court of competent jurisdiction
determines upon application that in view of all the circumstances of the case, the person is fairly and reasonably entitled to
indemnity for such expenses as the court deems proper. </P>



<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">NRS
Section 78.747 provides that except as otherwise provided by specific statute, no director or officer of a corporation is individually
liable for a debt or liability of the corporation, unless the director or officer acts as the alter ego of the corporation. The
court as a matter of law must determine the question of whether a director or officer acts as the alter ego of a corporation.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"></FONT></P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Insofar
as indemnification for liabilities arising under the Securities Act may be permitted to directors, officers or persons controlling
us pursuant to the foregoing provisions, we have been informed that, in the opinion of the SEC, such indemnification is against
public policy as expressed in the Securities Act and is therefore unenforceable. In the event that a claim for indemnification
against such liabilities (other than the payment by the registrant of expenses incurred or paid by a director, officer or controlling
person of the registrant in the successful defense of any action, suit or proceeding) is asserted by such director, officer or
controlling person in connection with the securities being registered, we will, unless in the opinion of our counsel the matter
has been settled by controlling precedent, submit to a court of appropriate jurisdiction the question whether such indemnification
by us is against public policy as expressed hereby in the Securities Act and we will be governed by the final adjudication of
such issue.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><B>Articles
of Incorporation and Bylaws</B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Our
articles of incorporation, as amended, do not include specific provisions relating to the indemnification of our directors or
officers.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Our
bylaws provide that the Company may indemnify and advance litigation expenses to its directors, officers, employees and agents
to the extent permitted by law, the Company&rsquo;s Articles or Bylaws, and shall indemnify and advance litigation expenses to
its directors, officers, employees and agents to the extent required by law, the Company&rsquo;s Articles of Incorporation or
Bylaws. The Company&rsquo;s obligations of indemnification, if any, shall be conditioned on the Company receiving prompt notice
of the claim and the opportunity to settle and defend the claim. The Company may, to the extent permitted by law, purchase and
maintain insurance on behalf of an individual who is or was a director, officer, employee or agent of the Company.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><B>Item
15. <I>Recent Sales of Unregistered Securities</I></B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Except
as disclosed in ABVC&rsquo;s quarterly reports and annual reports filed with the SEC on <A HREF="http://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/1173313/000121390018006355/f10q0318_americanbrivision.htm">May 15, 2018</A>, <A HREF="http://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/1173313/000121390018004408/f10kt2017_americanbrivision.htm">April 13, 2018</A>, December
29, 2017, March 19, 2018, <A HREF="http://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/1173313/000121390017009907/f10k2016a3_americanbrivision.htm">September 22, 2017</A>, <A HREF="http://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/1173313/000161577416006781/s103894_10q.htm">August 15, 2016</A>, <A HREF="http://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/1173313/000161577416005453/s103274_10q.htm">May 16, 2016</A>, and <A HREF="http://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/1173313/000161577416004285/s102675_10q.htm">February 23, 2016</A>, we have no sales of unregistered
securities during the fiscal years of 2018, 2017 and 2016. From January 1, 2018 to the date of this prospectus, the Company issued
convertible notes of an aggregate amount of $800,000 to three non-U.S. investors for the Company&rsquo;s general working capital
purposes in reliance on an exemption from registration set forth in section 4(2) of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"></FONT></P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><B>Item
16. <I>Exhibits and Financial Statement Schedules </I></B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="margin: 0"></P>

<TABLE CELLSPACING="0" CELLPADDING="0" STYLE="width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-collapse: collapse">
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; width: 9%"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>Exhibit</B></FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 1%">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; width: 90%"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>Description</B></FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD> <FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">1.1</FONT> </TD>
    <TD> &nbsp; </TD>
    <TD> <FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><A HREF="http://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/1173313/000121390019011793/fs12018a2ex1-1_american.htm">Form
    of Underwriting Agreement by and among the Registrant and the Underwriters named therein*</A></FONT> </TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; background-color: White">
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">2.1</FONT></TD>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD><A HREF="http://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/1173313/000101489716000457/exhibit101.htm"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Share
    Exchange Agreement, dated February 8, 2016 (1)</FONT></A></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; background-color: White">
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">3.1</FONT></TD>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD><A HREF="http://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/1173313/000113789202000063/fex301ai.txt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Articles
    of Incorporation of the Company (2)</FONT></A></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; background-color: White">
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">3.2</FONT></TD>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD><A HREF="http://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/1173313/000113789202000063/fex302bl.txt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Bylaws
    of the Registrant, as amended and currently in effect (3)</FONT></A></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; background-color: White">
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">3.3</FONT></TD>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD><A HREF="http://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/1173313/000161577416004635/s102891_4-1.htm"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Certificate
    of Amendment to Articles of Incorporation filed on March 21, 2016 (4)</FONT></A></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; background-color: White">
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">3.4</FONT></TD>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD><A HREF="http://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/1173313/000161577416007154/s104086_ex3-4.htm"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Certificate
    of Amendment to Articles of Incorporation filed on December 21, 2016 (5)</FONT></A></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; background-color: White">
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">3.5</FONT></TD>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD><A HREF="http://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/1173313/000121390019008025/f8k050319ex3-1_americanbri.htm"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Certificate
    of Amendment to Articles of Incorporation, filed on May 3, 2019 and currently in effect (6)</FONT></A></TD></TR>

<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; background-color: White">
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD> <FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">3.6</FONT> </TD>
    <TD> &nbsp; </TD>
    <TD> <A HREF="http://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/1173313/000121390019011793/fs12018a2ex3-6_american.htm"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Certificate
    of Designations for Series A Convertible Preferred Stock</FONT>*</A> </TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; background-color: White">
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD> <FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">4.1</FONT> </TD>
    <TD> &nbsp; </TD>
    <TD> <A HREF="http://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/1173313/000121390019011793/fs12018a2ex4-1_american.htm"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Form
    of the Registrant&rsquo;s Common Stock certificate</FONT>*</A> </TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; background-color: White">
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD> <FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">4.2</FONT> </TD>
    <TD> &nbsp; </TD>
    <TD> <FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><A HREF="http://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/1173313/000121390019011793/fs12018a2ex4-2_american.htm">Form
    of Underwriter&rsquo;s Warrant*</A></FONT> </TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; background-color: White">
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">5.1</FONT></TD>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD><A HREF="http://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/1173313/000121390019011793/fs12018a2ex5-1_american.htm"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Legal Opinion of Sichenzia Ross Ference LLP*</FONT></A></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; background-color: White">
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD> <FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">10.1</FONT> </TD>
    <TD> &nbsp; </TD>
    <TD> <FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><A HREF="http://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/1173313/000121390019011793/fs12018a2ex10-1_american.htm">Form
    of Subscription Agreement*</A></FONT> </TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; background-color: White">
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">10.2</FONT></TD>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD><A HREF="http://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/1173313/000101489716000457/exhibit102.htm"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Collaboration
    Agreement dated December 29, 2015 (7)</FONT></A></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; background-color: White">
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">10.3</FONT></TD>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD><A HREF="http://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/1173313/000161577416005823/s103448_ex99-1.htm"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Collaborative
    Agreement and Milestone Payment Agreement dated June 9, 2016 (8)</FONT></A></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; background-color: White">
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">10.4</FONT></TD>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD><A HREF="http://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/1173313/000121390017001707/f8k0217ex99i_americanbri.htm"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Addendum
    to the Collaboration Agreement dated January 12, 2017 (9)</FONT></A></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; background-color: White">
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">10.5</FONT></TD>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD><A HREF="http://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/1173313/000121390017007869/f8k072417ex10i_americanbri.htm"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Collaboration
    Agreement with BioFirst dated July 24, 2017 (10)</FONT></A></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; background-color: White">
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">10.6</FONT></TD>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD><A HREF="http://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/1173313/000121390017005978/f8k052617ex99i_american.htm"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Co-Deve
    Agreement with Rgene dated May 26, 2017 (11)</FONT></A></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; background-color: White">
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">10.7</FONT></TD>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD><A HREF="http://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/1173313/000121390017009853/f8k091517ex10-1_americanbriv.htm"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Employment
    Agreement with Dr. Howard Doong (12)</FONT></A></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; background-color: White">
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">10.8</FONT></TD>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD><A HREF="http://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/1173313/000121390017009853/f8k091517ex10-3_americanbriv.htm"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Employment
    Agreement with Dr. Chi-Hsin Richard King (13)</FONT></A></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; background-color: White">
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">10.9</FONT></TD>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: justify"><A HREF="http://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/1173313/000121390019001553/f8k012119ex10-1_americanbri.htm"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Business
    Loan Agreement entered by and between Cathay Bank and American BriVision (Holding) Corporation (14)</FONT></A></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; background-color: White">
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">10.10</FONT></TD>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD><A HREF="http://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/1173313/000121390019001553/f8k012119ex10-2_americanbri.htm"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Promissory
    Note entered by American BriVision (Holding) Corporation (15)</FONT></A></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; background-color: White">
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">10.11</FONT></TD>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD><A HREF="http://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/1173313/000121390019001553/f8k012119ex10-3_americanbri.htm"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Form
    of Commercial Security Agreement (16)</FONT></A></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; background-color: White">
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">14.1</FONT></TD>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD><A HREF="http://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/1173313/000161577416008325/s104643_ex14-1.htm"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Code
    of Ethics (17)</FONT></A></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; background-color: White">
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">21.1</FONT></TD>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><A HREF="http://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/1173313/000121390019002588/fs12018a1ex21-1_americanbri.htm">List
    of significant subsidiaries of ABVC*</A></FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; background-color: White">
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">23.1</FONT></TD>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><A HREF="http://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/1173313/000121390019011793/fs12018a2ex5-1_american.htm">Consent of Sichenzia Ross Ference LLP (18)</A></FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; background-color: White">
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">23.2</FONT></TD>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><A HREF="fs12018a3ex23-2_americanbri.htm">Consent of KCCW Accountancy Corp</A></FONT></TD></TR>
</TABLE>
<P STYLE="margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"></FONT></P>

<TABLE CELLSPACING="0" CELLPADDING="0" STYLE="width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-collapse: collapse">
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: justify; width: 0.3in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(1)</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Incorporated
    by reference to Exhibit 10.1 to the Company&rsquo;s Current Report on Form 8-K, filed on February 16, 2016.</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(2)</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Incorporated
    by reference to Exhibit 3.01 to the Company&rsquo;s Form SB-2 filed on June 28, 2002.</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(3)</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Incorporated
    by reference to Exhibit 3.02 to the Company&rsquo;s Form SB-2, filed on June 28, 2002.</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(4)</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Incorporated
    by reference to Exhibit 4.1 to the Company&rsquo;s Current Report on Form 8-K, filed on March 28, 2016.</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(5)</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Incorporated
    by reference to Exhibit 3.4 to the Company&rsquo;s Form S-1, filed on September 13, 2016.</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(6)</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Incorporated
    by reference to Exhibit 3.1 in the current report on Form 8-K with the Securities and Exchange Commission on May 8, 2019.</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(7)</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Incorporated
    by reference to Exhibit 10.2 the Company&rsquo;s Current Report on Form 8-K, filed on February 16, 2016.</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(8)</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Incorporated
    by reference to Exhibit 99.1 to the Company&rsquo;s Current Report on Form 8-K, filed on June 9, 2016.</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(9)</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Incorporated
    by reference to Exhibit 99.1 to the Company&rsquo;s Current Report on Form 8-K, filed on February 22, 2017.</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(10)</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Incorporated
    by reference to Exhibit 10.1 to the Company&rsquo;s Current Report on Form 8-K, filed on July 24, 2017.</FONT></TD></TR>
</TABLE>

<P STYLE="margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="margin: 0"></P>

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<P STYLE="margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLSPACING="0" CELLPADDING="0" STYLE="width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-collapse: collapse">
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: justify; width: 0.3in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(11)</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Incorporated
    by reference to Exhibit 99.1 to the Company&rsquo;s Current Report on Form 8-K, filed on May 30, 2017.</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(12)</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Incorporated
    by reference to Exhibit 10.1 to the Company&rsquo;s Current Report on Form 8-K, filed on September 20, 2017.</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(13)</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Incorporated
    by reference to Exhibit 10.3 to the Company&rsquo;s Current Report on Form 8-K, filed on September 20, 2017.</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(14)</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Incorporated
    by reference to Exhibit 10.1 to the Company&rsquo;s Current Report on Form 8-K, filed on February 1, 2019.</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(15)</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Incorporated
    by reference to Exhibit 10.2 to the Company&rsquo;s Current Report on Form 8-K, filed on February 1, 2019.</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(16)</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Incorporated
    by reference to Exhibit 10.3 to the Company&rsquo;s Current Report on Form 8-K, filed on February 1, 2019.</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(17)</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Incorporated
    by reference to Exhibit 14.1 to the Company&rsquo;s Amendment No.1 to Form S-1, filed on November 14, 2016.</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(18)</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Included as Exhibit
    5.1.</FONT></TD></TR>
</TABLE>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0; width: 100%"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; text-align: justify">
<TD STYLE="width: 0"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in; text-align: left"> * </TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify"> As previously filed. </TD>
</TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><B><I>Item
17. Undertakings</I></B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-indent: 63pt"><FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">The
undersigned Registrant hereby undertakes:</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 63pt"><FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 63pt"><FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">(1)
To file, during any period in which offers or sales are being made, a post-effective amendment to this registration statement:&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 63pt"><FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 63pt"><FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">(i)
To include any prospectus required by section 10(a)(3) of the Securities Act of 1933;&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 63pt"><FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 63pt"><FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">(ii)
To reflect in the prospectus any facts or events arising after the effective date of the registration statement (or the most recent
post-effective amendment thereof) which, individually or in the aggregate, represent a fundamental change in the information set
forth in the registration statement. Notwithstanding the foregoing, any increase or decrease in volume of securities offered (if
the total dollar value of securities offered would not exceed that which was registered) and any deviation from the low or high
end of the estimated maximum offering range may be reflected in the form of prospectus filed with the Commission pursuant to Rule
424(b) if, in the aggregate, the changes in volume and price represent no more than a 20% change in the maximum aggregate offering
price set forth in the &ldquo;Calculation of Registration Fee&rdquo; table in the effective registration statement.&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 63pt"><FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 63pt"><FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">(iii)
To include any material information with respect to the plan of distribution not previously disclosed in the registration statement
or any material change to such information in the registration statement;&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 63pt"><FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 63pt"><FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">(2)
That, for the purpose of determining any liability under the Securities Act of 1933, each such post-effective amendment shall
be deemed to be a new registration statement relating to the securities offered therein, and the offering of such securities at
that time shall be deemed to be the initial bona fide offering thereof.&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 63pt"><FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 63pt"><FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">(3)
To remove from registration by means of a post-effective amendment any of the securities being registered which remain unsold
at the termination of the offering.&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 63pt"><FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 63pt"><FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">(4)
That, for the purpose of determining liability under the Securities Act of 1933 to any purchaser:&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 63pt"><FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 63pt"></P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 63pt">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 63pt"><FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">(i)
If the Registrant is relying on Rule 430B (&sect;230.430B of this chapter):&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 63pt"><FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 63pt"><FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">(A)
Each prospectus filed by the registrant pursuant to Rule 424(b)(3) shall be deemed to be part of the registration statement as
of the date the filed prospectus was deemed part of and included in the registration statement; and&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 63pt"><FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 63pt"><FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">(B)
Each prospectus required to be filed pursuant to Rule 424(b)(2), (b)(5), or (b)(7) as part of a registration statement in reliance
on Rule 430B relating to an offering made pursuant to Rule 415(a)(1)(i), (vii), or (x) for the purpose of providing the information
required by section 10(a) of the Securities Act of 1933 shall be deemed to be part of and included in the registration statement
as of the earlier of the date such form of prospectus is first used after effectiveness or the date of the first contract of sale
of securities in the offering described in the prospectus. As provided in Rule 430B, for liability purposes of the issuer and
any person that is at that date an Underwriter, such date shall be deemed to be a new effective date of the registration statement
relating to the securities in the registration statement to which that prospectus relates, and the offering of such securities
at that time shall be deemed to be the initial bona fide offering thereof. Provided, however, that no statement made in a registration
statement or prospectus that is part of the registration statement or made in a document incorporated or deemed incorporated by
reference into the registration statement or prospectus that is part of the registration statement will, as to a purchaser with
a time of contract of sale prior to such effective date, supersede or modify any statement that was made in the registration statement
or prospectus that was part of the registration statement or made in any such document immediately prior to such effective date;
or&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 63pt"><FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 63pt"><FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">(ii)
If the Registrant is subject to Rule 430C, each prospectus filed pursuant to Rule 424(b) as part of a registration statement relating
to an offering, other than registration statements relying on Rule 430B or other than prospectuses filed in reliance on Rule 430A,
shall be deemed to be part of and included in the registration statement as of the date it is first used after effectiveness.
Provided, however, that no statement made in a registration statement or prospectus that is part of the registration statement
or made in a document incorporated or deemed incorporated by reference into the registration statement or prospectus that is part
of the registration statement will, as to a purchaser with a time of contract of sale prior to such first use, supersede or modify
any statement that was made in the registration statement or prospectus that was part of the registration statement or made in
any such document immediately prior to such date of first use.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 63pt"><FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 63pt"><FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">(5)
That, for the purpose of determining liability of the Registrant under the Securities Act of 1933 to any purchaser in the initial
distribution of the securities, the undersigned Registrant undertakes that in a primary offering of securities of the undersigned
registrant pursuant to this registration statement, regardless of the underwriting method used to sell the securities to the purchaser,
if the securities are offered or sold to such purchaser by means of any of the following communications, the undersigned registrant
will be a seller to the purchaser and will be considered to offer or sell such securities to such purchaser:</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 63pt"><FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 63pt"><FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">(i)
Any preliminary prospectus or prospectus of the undersigned Registrant relating to the offering required to be filed pursuant
to Rule 424;&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 63pt"><FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 63pt"><FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">(ii)
Any free writing prospectus relating to the offering prepared by or on behalf of the undersigned Registrant or used or referred
to by the undersigned Registrant;&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 63pt"><FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 63pt"><FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">(iii)
The portion of any other free writing prospectus relating to the offering containing material information about the undersigned
Registrant or its securities provided by or on behalf of the undersigned registrant; and&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 63pt"><FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 63pt"><FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">(iv)
Any other communication that is an offer in the offering made by the undersigned registrant to the purchaser.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 63pt"><FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 63pt"><FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">The
undersigned Registrant hereby undertakes to provide to the Underwriters at the closing specified in the underwriting agreement
certificates in such denominations and registered in such names as required by the Underwriters to permit prompt delivery to each
purchaser.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 63pt"><FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 63pt"><FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Insofar
as indemnification for liabilities arising under the Securities Act of 1933 may be permitted to directors, officers, and controlling
persons of the Registrant pursuant to the foregoing provisions, or otherwise, the Registrant has been advised that in the opinion
of the Securities and Exchange Commission such indemnification is against public policy as expressed in the Act and is, therefore,
unenforceable. In the event that a claim for indemnification against such liabilities (other than the payment by the Registrant
of expenses incurred or paid by a director, officer, or controlling person of the Registrant in the successful defense of any
action, suit, or proceeding) is asserted by such director, officer, or controlling person in connection with the securities being
registered, the Registrant will, unless in the opinion of its counsel the matter has been settled by controlling precedent, submit
to a court of appropriate jurisdiction the question whether such indemnification by it is against public policy as expressed in
the Act and will be governed by the final adjudication of such issue.&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-indent: 63pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>


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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><B>&nbsp;</B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><B>SIGNATURES</B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></P>



<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"> Pursuant to the requirements of the
Securities Act of 1933, the registrant has duly caused this registration statement on Form S-1 to be signed on its behalf by the
undersigned, thereunto duly authorized in the City of Fremont, California on July 24, 2019. </P>



<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0; text-align: justify">

<FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<TABLE CELLSPACING="0" CELLPADDING="0" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse">
<TR STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> <FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT> </TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> <FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>AMERICAN
    BRIVISION (HOLDING) CORPORATION</B></FONT> </TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="width: 60%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> <FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT> </TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 5%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> <FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT> </TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 35%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> <FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT> </TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> <FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT> </TD>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> <FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">By:</FONT> </TD>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> /s/ Howard
    Doong </TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> <FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT> </TD>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> <FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Name:&nbsp;</FONT> </TD>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> <FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Howard
    Doong</FONT> </TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> <FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT> </TD>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> <FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Title:</FONT> </TD>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> <FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">President
    and Chief Executive Officer</FONT> </TD></TR>
</TABLE>
<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></P>


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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>&nbsp;</B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Pursuant
to the requirements of the Securities Act of 1933, this registration statement has been signed by the following persons in the
capacities and on the dates indicated.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"></FONT></P>

<TABLE CELLSPACING="0" CELLPADDING="0" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse">
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="width: 28%; border-bottom: black 1.5pt solid; padding-right: 0.8pt; text-align: center"> <FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>Signature</B></FONT> </TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 1%; padding-right: 0.8pt; text-align: center"> &nbsp; </TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 55%; border-bottom: black 1.5pt solid; padding-right: 0.8pt; text-align: center"> <FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>Title</B></FONT> </TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 1%; padding-right: 0.8pt; text-align: center"> &nbsp; </TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 15%; border-bottom: black 1.5pt solid; padding-right: 0.8pt; text-align: center"> <FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>Date</B></FONT> </TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 0.8pt; text-align: center"> &nbsp; </TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 0.8pt"> &nbsp; </TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 0.8pt"> &nbsp; </TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 0.8pt"> &nbsp; </TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 0.8pt; text-align: center"> &nbsp; </TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: black 1.5pt solid; padding-right: 0.8pt; text-align: center"> /s/ Howard Doong </TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 0.8pt"> &nbsp; </TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 0.8pt"> <FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">President and
    Chief Executive Officer</FONT> </TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 0.8pt"> &nbsp; </TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 0.8pt; text-align: center"> <FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">July
    24, 2019</FONT> </TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 0.8pt; text-align: center"> <FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Howard
    Doong</FONT> </TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 0.8pt"> &nbsp; </TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 0.8pt"> <FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(Principal Executive
    Officer)</FONT> </TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 0.8pt"> &nbsp; </TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 0.8pt; text-align: center"> &nbsp; </TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 0.8pt; text-align: center"> &nbsp; </TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 0.8pt"> &nbsp; </TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 0.8pt"> &nbsp; </TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 0.8pt"> &nbsp; </TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 0.8pt; text-align: center"> &nbsp; </TD></TR>
<TR>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: black 1.5pt solid; padding-right: 0.8pt; text-align: center"> /s/ Eugene
    Jiang&nbsp; </TD>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: top; padding-right: 0.8pt"> &nbsp; </TD>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: top; padding-right: 0.8pt"> <FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Interim
    Chief Financial Officer and Chairman of the Board of Directors</FONT> </TD>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: top; padding-right: 0.8pt"> &nbsp; </TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 0.8pt; text-align: center"> <FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">July
    24, 2019</FONT> </TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 0.8pt; text-align: center"> <FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Eugene
    Jiang</FONT> </TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 0.8pt"> &nbsp; </TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 0.8pt"> <FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(Principal Financial
    and Accounting Officer)</FONT> </TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 0.8pt"> &nbsp; </TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 0.8pt; text-align: center"> &nbsp; </TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 0.8pt; text-align: center"> &nbsp; </TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 0.8pt"> &nbsp; </TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 0.8pt"> &nbsp; </TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 0.8pt"> &nbsp; </TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 0.8pt; text-align: center"> &nbsp; </TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: black 1.5pt solid; padding-right: 0.8pt; text-align: center"> <FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">*</FONT> </TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 0.8pt"> &nbsp; </TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 0.8pt"> <FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Director</FONT> </TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 0.8pt"> &nbsp; </TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 0.8pt; text-align: center"> <FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">July
    _, 2019</FONT> </TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 0.8pt; text-align: center"> <FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Tsang
    Ming Jiang</FONT> </TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 0.8pt"> &nbsp; </TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 0.8pt"> &nbsp; </TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 0.8pt"> &nbsp; </TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 0.8pt; text-align: center"> &nbsp; </TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 0.8pt; text-align: center"> &nbsp; </TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 0.8pt"> &nbsp; </TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 0.8pt"> &nbsp; </TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 0.8pt"> &nbsp; </TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 0.8pt; text-align: center"> &nbsp; </TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: black 1.5pt solid; padding-right: 0.8pt; text-align: center"> <FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">*</FONT> </TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 0.8pt"> &nbsp; </TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 0.8pt"> <FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Director</FONT> </TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 0.8pt"> &nbsp; </TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 0.8pt; text-align: center"> <FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">July
    _, 2019</FONT> </TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 0.8pt; text-align: center"> <FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Ming-Fong
    Wu</FONT> </TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 0.8pt"> &nbsp; </TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 0.8pt"> &nbsp; </TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 0.8pt"> &nbsp; </TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 0.8pt; text-align: center"> &nbsp; </TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 0.8pt; text-align: center"> &nbsp; </TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 0.8pt"> &nbsp; </TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 0.8pt"> &nbsp; </TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 0.8pt"> &nbsp; </TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 0.8pt; text-align: center"> &nbsp; </TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: black 1.5pt solid; padding-right: 0.8pt; text-align: center"> <FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">*</FONT> </TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 0.8pt"> &nbsp; </TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 0.8pt"> <FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Director</FONT> </TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 0.8pt"> &nbsp; </TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 0.8pt; text-align: center"> <FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">July
    _, 2019</FONT> </TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 0.8pt; text-align: center"> <FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Yen-Hsin
    Chou&nbsp;</FONT> </TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 0.8pt"> &nbsp; </TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 0.8pt"> &nbsp; </TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 0.8pt"> &nbsp; </TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 0.8pt; text-align: center"> &nbsp; </TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 0.8pt; text-align: center"> &nbsp; </TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 0.8pt"> &nbsp; </TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 0.8pt"> &nbsp; </TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 0.8pt"> &nbsp; </TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 0.8pt; text-align: center"> &nbsp; </TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: black 1.5pt solid; padding-right: 0.8pt; text-align: center"> <FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">*</FONT> </TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 0.8pt"> &nbsp; </TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 0.8pt"> <FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Director</FONT> </TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 0.8pt"> &nbsp; </TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 0.8pt; text-align: center"> <FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">July
    _, 2019</FONT> </TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 0.8pt; text-align: center"> <FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Norimi
    Sakamoto</FONT> </TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 0.8pt"> &nbsp; </TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 0.8pt"> &nbsp; </TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 0.8pt"> &nbsp; </TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 0.8pt; text-align: center"> &nbsp; </TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 0.8pt; text-align: center"> &nbsp; </TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 0.8pt"> &nbsp; </TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 0.8pt"> &nbsp; </TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 0.8pt"> &nbsp; </TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 0.8pt; text-align: center"> &nbsp; </TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: black 1.5pt solid; padding-right: 0.8pt; text-align: center"> <FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">*</FONT> </TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 0.8pt"> &nbsp; </TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 0.8pt"> <FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Chief Strategy
    Officer and Director</FONT> </TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 0.8pt"> &nbsp; </TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 0.8pt; text-align: center"> <FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">July
    _, 2019</FONT> </TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 0.8pt; text-align: center"> <FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Tsung-Shann
    Jiang</FONT> </TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 0.8pt"> &nbsp; </TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 0.8pt"> &nbsp; </TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 0.8pt"> &nbsp; </TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 0.8pt; text-align: center"> &nbsp; </TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 0.8pt; text-align: center"> &nbsp; </TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 0.8pt"> &nbsp; </TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 0.8pt"> &nbsp; </TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 0.8pt"> &nbsp; </TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 0.8pt; text-align: center"> &nbsp; </TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: black 1.5pt solid; padding-right: 0.8pt; text-align: center"> <FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">*</FONT> </TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 0.8pt"> &nbsp; </TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 0.8pt"> <FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Director</FONT> </TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 0.8pt"> &nbsp; </TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 0.8pt; text-align: center"> <FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">July
    _, 2019</FONT> </TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 0.8pt; text-align: center"> <FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Chang-Jen
    Jiang</FONT> </TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 0.8pt"> &nbsp; </TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 0.8pt"> &nbsp; </TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 0.8pt"> &nbsp; </TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 0.8pt; text-align: center"> &nbsp; </TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 0.8pt; text-align: center"> &nbsp; </TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 0.8pt"> &nbsp; </TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 0.8pt"> &nbsp; </TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 0.8pt"> &nbsp; </TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 0.8pt; text-align: center"> &nbsp; </TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: black 1.5pt solid; padding-right: 0.8pt; text-align: center"> <FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">*</FONT> </TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 0.8pt"> &nbsp; </TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 0.8pt"> <FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Director</FONT> </TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 0.8pt"> &nbsp; </TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 0.8pt; text-align: center"> <FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">July
    _, 2019</FONT> </TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 0.8pt; text-align: center"> <FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Shin-Yu
    Miao</FONT> </TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 0.8pt"> &nbsp; </TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 0.8pt"> &nbsp; </TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 0.8pt"> &nbsp; </TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 0.8pt; text-align: center"> &nbsp; </TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 0.8pt; text-align: center"> &nbsp; </TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 0.8pt"> &nbsp; </TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 0.8pt"> &nbsp; </TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 0.8pt"> &nbsp; </TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 0.8pt; text-align: center"> &nbsp; </TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: black 1.5pt solid; padding-right: 0.8pt; text-align: center"> <FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">*</FONT> </TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 0.8pt"> &nbsp; </TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 0.8pt"> <FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Director</FONT> </TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 0.8pt"> &nbsp; </TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 0.8pt; text-align: center"> <FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">July
    _, 2019</FONT> </TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 0.8pt; text-align: center"> <FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Yoshinobu
    Odaira</FONT> </TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 0.8pt"> &nbsp; </TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 0.8pt"> &nbsp; </TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 0.8pt"> &nbsp; </TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 0.8pt; text-align: center"> &nbsp; </TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 0.8pt; text-align: center"> &nbsp; </TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 0.8pt"> &nbsp; </TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 0.8pt"> &nbsp; </TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 0.8pt"> &nbsp; </TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 0.8pt; text-align: center"> &nbsp; </TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: black 1.5pt solid; padding-right: 0.8pt; text-align: center"> <FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">*</FONT> </TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 0.8pt"> &nbsp; </TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 0.8pt"> <FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Director</FONT> </TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 0.8pt"> &nbsp; </TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 0.8pt; text-align: center"> <FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">July
    _, 2019</FONT> </TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 0.8pt; text-align: center"> <FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Shih-Chen
    Tzeng</FONT> </TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 0.8pt"> &nbsp; </TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 0.8pt"> &nbsp; </TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 0.8pt"> &nbsp; </TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 0.8pt; text-align: center"> &nbsp; </TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 0.8pt; text-align: center"> &nbsp; </TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 0.8pt"> &nbsp; </TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 0.8pt"> &nbsp; </TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 0.8pt"> &nbsp; </TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 0.8pt; text-align: center"> &nbsp; </TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: black 1.5pt solid; padding-right: 0.8pt; text-align: center"> <FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">*</FONT> </TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 0.8pt"> &nbsp; </TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 0.8pt"> <FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Director</FONT> </TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 0.8pt"> &nbsp; </TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 0.8pt; text-align: center"> <FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">July
    _, 2019</FONT> </TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 0.8pt; text-align: center"> <FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Hwalin
    Lee</FONT> </TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 0.8pt"> &nbsp; </TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 0.8pt"> &nbsp; </TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 0.8pt"> &nbsp; </TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 0.8pt; text-align: center"> &nbsp; </TD></TR>
</TABLE>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<TABLE CELLSPACING="0" CELLPADDING="0" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse">
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: center; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 4%; white-space: nowrap"><P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"> <FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">*By:&nbsp;</FONT> </P></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: center; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; width: 24%"><P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: left"> /s/ Howard Doong </P></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 1%"> <FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT> </TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 50%"> <FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT> </TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: center; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 21%"> <FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT> </TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"> <FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT> </TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"> <FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Attorney-
    in Fact</FONT> </TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> <FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT> </TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> <FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT> </TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: center; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> <FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT> </TD></TR>
</TABLE>
<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;&nbsp;</FONT></P>


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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><B>EXHIBIT
INDEX</B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: center">&nbsp;</P>



<P STYLE="margin: 0"></P>

<TABLE CELLSPACING="0" CELLPADDING="0" STYLE="width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-collapse: collapse">
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; width: 9%"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>Exhibit</B></FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 1%">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; width: 90%"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>Description</B></FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD> <FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">1.1</FONT> </TD>
    <TD> &nbsp; </TD>
    <TD> <A HREF="http://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/1173313/000121390019011793/fs12018a2ex1-1_american.htm"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Form
    of Underwriting Agreement by and among the Registrant and the Underwriters named therein*</FONT></A> </TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; background-color: White">
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">2.1</FONT></TD>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD><A HREF="http://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/1173313/000101489716000457/exhibit101.htm"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Share
    Exchange Agreement, dated February 8, 2016 (1)</FONT></A></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; background-color: White">
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">3.1</FONT></TD>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD><A HREF="http://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/1173313/000113789202000063/fex301ai.txt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Articles
    of Incorporation of the Company (2)</FONT></A></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; background-color: White">
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">3.2</FONT></TD>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD><A HREF="http://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/1173313/000113789202000063/fex302bl.txt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Bylaws
    of the Registrant, as amended and currently in effect (3)</FONT></A></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; background-color: White">
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">3.3</FONT></TD>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD><A HREF="http://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/1173313/000161577416004635/s102891_4-1.htm"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Certificate
    of Amendment to Articles of Incorporation filed on March 21, 2016 (4)</FONT></A></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; background-color: White">
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">3.4</FONT></TD>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD><A HREF="http://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/1173313/000161577416007154/s104086_ex3-4.htm"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Certificate
    of Amendment to Articles of Incorporation filed on December 21, 2016 (5)</FONT></A></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; background-color: White">
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">3.5</FONT></TD>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD><A HREF="http://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/1173313/000121390019008025/f8k050319ex3-1_americanbri.htm"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Certificate
    of Amendment to Articles of Incorporation, filed on May 3, 2019 and currently in effect (6)</FONT></A></TD></TR>

<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; background-color: White">
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD> <FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">3.6</FONT> </TD>
    <TD> &nbsp; </TD>
    <TD> <A HREF="http://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/1173313/000121390019011793/fs12018a2ex3-6_american.htm"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Certificate
    of Designations for Series A Convertible Preferred Stock*</FONT></A> </TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; background-color: White">
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD> <FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">4.1</FONT> </TD>
    <TD> &nbsp; </TD>
    <TD> <A HREF="http://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/1173313/000121390019011793/fs12018a2ex4-1_american.htm"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Form
    of the Registrant&rsquo;s Common Stock certificate</FONT>*</A> </TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; background-color: White">
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD> <FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">4.2</FONT> </TD>
    <TD> &nbsp; </TD>
    <TD> <FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><A HREF="http://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/1173313/000121390019011793/fs12018a2ex4-2_american.htm">Form
    of Underwriter&rsquo;s Warrant*</A></FONT> </TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; background-color: White">
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">5.1</FONT></TD>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><A HREF="http://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/1173313/000121390019011793/fs12018a2ex5-1_american.htm">Legal Opinion of Sichenzia Ross Ference LLP*</A></FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; background-color: White">
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD> <FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">10.1</FONT> </TD>
    <TD> &nbsp; </TD>
    <TD> <FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><A HREF="http://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/1173313/000121390019011793/fs12018a2ex10-1_american.htm">Form
    of Subscription Agreement*</A></FONT> </TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; background-color: White">
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">10.2</FONT></TD>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD><A HREF="http://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/1173313/000101489716000457/exhibit102.htm"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Collaboration
    Agreement dated December 29, 2015 (7)</FONT></A></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; background-color: White">
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">10.3</FONT></TD>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD><A HREF="http://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/1173313/000161577416005823/s103448_ex99-1.htm"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Collaborative
    Agreement and Milestone Payment Agreement dated June 9, 2016 (8)</FONT></A></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; background-color: White">
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">10.4</FONT></TD>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD><A HREF="http://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/1173313/000121390017001707/f8k0217ex99i_americanbri.htm"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Addendum
    to the Collaboration Agreement dated January 12, 2017 (9)</FONT></A></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; background-color: White">
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">10.5</FONT></TD>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD><A HREF="http://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/1173313/000121390017007869/f8k072417ex10i_americanbri.htm"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Collaboration
    Agreement with BioFirst dated July 24, 2017 (10)</FONT></A></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; background-color: White">
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">10.6</FONT></TD>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD><A HREF="http://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/1173313/000121390017005978/f8k052617ex99i_american.htm"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Co-Deve
    Agreement with Rgene dated May 26, 2017 (11)</FONT></A></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; background-color: White">
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">10.7</FONT></TD>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD><A HREF="http://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/1173313/000121390017009853/f8k091517ex10-1_americanbriv.htm"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Employment
    Agreement with Dr. Howard Doong (12)</FONT></A></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; background-color: White">
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">10.8</FONT></TD>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD><A HREF="http://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/1173313/000121390017009853/f8k091517ex10-3_americanbriv.htm"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Employment
    Agreement with Dr. Chi-Hsin Richard King (13)</FONT></A></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; background-color: White">
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">10.9</FONT></TD>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: justify"><A HREF="http://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/1173313/000121390019001553/f8k012119ex10-1_americanbri.htm"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Business
    Loan Agreement entered by and between Cathay Bank and American BriVision (Holding) Corporation (14)</FONT></A></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; background-color: White">
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">10.10</FONT></TD>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD><A HREF="http://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/1173313/000121390019001553/f8k012119ex10-2_americanbri.htm"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Promissory
    Note entered by American BriVision (Holding) Corporation (15)</FONT></A></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; background-color: White">
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">10.11</FONT></TD>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD><A HREF="http://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/1173313/000121390019001553/f8k012119ex10-3_americanbri.htm"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Form
    of Commercial Security Agreement (16)</FONT></A></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; background-color: White">
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">14.1</FONT></TD>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD><A HREF="http://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/1173313/000161577416008325/s104643_ex14-1.htm"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Code
    of Ethics (17)</FONT></A></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; background-color: White">
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">21.1</FONT></TD>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><A HREF="http://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/1173313/000121390019002588/fs12018a1ex21-1_americanbri.htm">List
    of significant subsidiaries of ABVC*</A></FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; background-color: White">
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">23.1</FONT></TD>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><A HREF="http://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/1173313/000121390019011793/fs12018a2ex5-1_american.htm">Consent of Sichenzia Ross Ference LLP (18)</A></FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; background-color: White">
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">23.2</FONT></TD>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><A HREF="fs12018a3ex23-2_americanbri.htm">Consent of KCCW Accountancy Corp</A></FONT></TD></TR>
</TABLE>
<P STYLE="margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="margin: 0"></P>

<TABLE CELLSPACING="0" CELLPADDING="0" STYLE="width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-collapse: collapse">
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: justify; width: 0.3in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(1)</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Incorporated
    by reference to Exhibit 10.1 to the Company&rsquo;s Current Report on Form 8-K, filed on February 16, 2016.</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(2)</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Incorporated
    by reference to Exhibit 3.01 to the Company&rsquo;s Form SB-2 filed on June 28, 2002.</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(3)</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Incorporated
    by reference to Exhibit 3.02 to the Company&rsquo;s Form SB-2, filed on June 28, 2002.</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(4)</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Incorporated
    by reference to Exhibit 4.1 to the Company&rsquo;s Current Report on Form 8-K, filed on March 28, 2016.</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(5)</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Incorporated
    by reference to Exhibit 3.4 to the Company&rsquo;s Form S-1, filed on September 13, 2016.</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(6)</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Incorporated
    by reference to Exhibit 3.1 in the current report on Form 8-K with the Securities and Exchange Commission on May 8, 2019.</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(7)</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Incorporated
    by reference to Exhibit 10.2 the Company&rsquo;s Current Report on Form 8-K, filed on February 16, 2016.</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(8)</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Incorporated
    by reference to Exhibit 99.1 to the Company&rsquo;s Current Report on Form 8-K, filed on June 9, 2016.</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(9)</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Incorporated
    by reference to Exhibit 99.1 to the Company&rsquo;s Current Report on Form 8-K, filed on February 22, 2017.</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(10)</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Incorporated
    by reference to Exhibit 10.1 to the Company&rsquo;s Current Report on Form 8-K, filed on July 24, 2017.</FONT></TD></TR>

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<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: justify; width: 0.3in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(11)</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Incorporated
    by reference to Exhibit 99.1 to the Company&rsquo;s Current Report on Form 8-K, filed on May 30, 2017.</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(12)</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Incorporated
    by reference to Exhibit 10.1 to the Company&rsquo;s Current Report on Form 8-K, filed on September 20, 2017.</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(13)</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Incorporated
    by reference to Exhibit 10.3 to the Company&rsquo;s Current Report on Form 8-K, filed on September 20, 2017.</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(14)</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Incorporated
    by reference to Exhibit 10.1 to the Company&rsquo;s Current Report on Form 8-K, filed on February 1, 2019.</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(15)</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Incorporated
    by reference to Exhibit 10.2 to the Company&rsquo;s Current Report on Form 8-K, filed on February 1, 2019.</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(16)</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Incorporated
    by reference to Exhibit 10.3 to the Company&rsquo;s Current Report on Form 8-K, filed on February 1, 2019.</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(17)</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Incorporated
    by reference to Exhibit 14.1 to the Company&rsquo;s Amendment No.1 to Form S-1, filed on November 14, 2016.</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(18)</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Included as Exhibit
    5.1.</FONT></TD></TR>
</TABLE>
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<TD STYLE="width: 0"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in; text-align: left"> * </TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify"> As Previously filed. </TD>
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<P STYLE="margin-top: 0; text-align: center; margin-bottom: 0">II-9</P>

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<TYPE>EX-23.2
<SEQUENCE>2
<FILENAME>fs12018a3ex23-2_americanbri.htm
<DESCRIPTION>CONSENT OF KCCW ACCOUNTANCY CORP
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<P STYLE="margin: 0; text-align: right"><B>Exhibit 23.2</B></P>

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<P STYLE="font: 11pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 2.15pt 0 0; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>Consent
of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm</B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 11pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 2.15pt 0 0; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 11pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt; background-color: white">We
hereby consent to the incorporation by reference in this Registration Statement on Form S-1 Amendment No. 3 of </FONT><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">American
BriVision (Holding) Corporation <FONT STYLE="background-color: white">of our report dated April 4, 2019 relating to the consolidated
financial statements of </FONT>American BriVision (Holding) Corporation <FONT STYLE="background-color: white">and its subsidiaries,
our report dated April 1, 2019 relating to the consolidated financial statements of BioLite Holding, Inc. and its subsidiaries,
and our report dated April 5, 2019 relating to the financial statements of Biokey, Inc., which appear in such Registration Statement.
We also consent to the reference to us under the </FONT>caption <FONT STYLE="background-color: white">&ldquo;Experts&rdquo; in
such Registration Statement.</FONT></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 11pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 11pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 4.3pt 0 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 11pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 4.3pt 0 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><U>/s/&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;KCCW
Accountancy Corp.</U></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 11pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Diamond
Bar, California</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 11pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">July
22, 2019</FONT></P>



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<DOCUMENT>
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<SEQUENCE>5
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<DOCUMENT>
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2019&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td colspan="2" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid"&gt;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;b&gt;Dec&#13;                                         31,&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;b&gt;2018&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;Numerator:&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td colspan="2" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td colspan="2" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 76%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;Net loss attributable to common stockholders&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 9%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"&gt;(791,671&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 9%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"&gt;(601,387&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;Denominator:&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;Weighted-average shares outstanding:&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; padding-bottom: 4pt"&gt;Weighted-average shares outstanding&#13;    - Basic&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 4pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"&gt;14,965,665&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 4pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 4pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"&gt;11,599,911&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 4pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; padding-bottom: 4pt"&gt;Stock options&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 4pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"&gt;-&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 4pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 4pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"&gt;-&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 4pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; padding-bottom: 4pt"&gt;Weighted-average shares outstanding&#13;    - Diluted&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 4pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"&gt;14,965,665&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 4pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 4pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"&gt;11,599,911&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 4pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;Loss per share&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 4pt"&gt;-Basic&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 4pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"&gt;(0.05&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 4pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 4pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"&gt;(0.05&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 4pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 4pt"&gt;-Diluted&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 4pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"&gt;(0.05&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 4pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 4pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"&gt;(0.05&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 4pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;/table&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;Diluted&#13;loss per share takes into account the potential dilution that could occur if securities or other contracts to issue Common Stock&#13;were exercised and converted into Common Stock.&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;</us-gaap:EarningsPerShareTextBlock>
    <us-gaap:EarningsPerShareTextBlock contextRef="From2018-01-01to2018-12-31">&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;b&gt;11.&#13;LOSS PER SHARE&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;Basic&#13;loss per share is computed by dividing net loss by the weighted-average number of common shares outstanding during the year. Diluted&#13;loss per share is computed by dividing net loss by the weighted-average number of common shares and dilutive potential common&#13;shares outstanding during the years ended December 31, 2018 and 2017.&amp;#160;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td colspan="6" style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid"&gt;Years&#13;    Ended&lt;br /&gt; December&amp;#160;31,&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td colspan="2" style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid"&gt;2018&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td colspan="2" style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid"&gt;2017&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;Numerator:&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td colspan="2" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td colspan="2" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 76%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;Net loss&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 9%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"&gt;(4,101,303&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 9%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"&gt;(4,242,860&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;Denominator:&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;Weighted-average shares outstanding:&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; padding-bottom: 4pt"&gt;Weighted-average shares outstanding&#13;    - Basic&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 4pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"&gt;213,884,105&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 4pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 4pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"&gt;213,321,921&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 4pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; padding-bottom: 4pt"&gt;Stock options&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 4pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"&gt;-&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 4pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 4pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"&gt;-&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 4pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; padding-bottom: 4pt"&gt;Weighted-average shares outstanding&#13;    - Diluted&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 4pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"&gt;213,884,105&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 4pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 4pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"&gt;213,321,921&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 4pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;Loss per share&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 4pt"&gt;-Basic&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 4pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"&gt;(0.02&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 4pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 4pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"&gt;(0.02&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 4pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 4pt"&gt;-Diluted&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 4pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"&gt;(0.02&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 4pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 4pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"&gt;(0.02&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 4pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;/table&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;Diluted&#13;loss per share takes into account the potential dilution that could occur if securities or other contracts to issue Common Stock&#13;were exercised and converted into Common Stock.&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;</us-gaap:EarningsPerShareTextBlock>
    <us-gaap:ScheduleOfEarningsPerShareBasicAndDilutedTableTextBlock contextRef="From2019-01-01to2019-03-31">&lt;p style="margin: 0pt"&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td colspan="2" style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid"&gt;Mar&#13;    31,&lt;br /&gt; 2019&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td colspan="2" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid"&gt;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;b&gt;Dec&#13;                                         31,&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;b&gt;2018&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;Numerator:&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td colspan="2" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td colspan="2" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 76%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;Net loss attributable to common stockholders&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 9%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"&gt;(791,671&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 9%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"&gt;(601,387&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;Denominator:&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;Weighted-average shares outstanding:&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; padding-bottom: 4pt"&gt;Weighted-average shares outstanding&#13;    - Basic&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 4pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"&gt;14,965,665&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 4pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 4pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"&gt;11,599,911&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 4pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; padding-bottom: 4pt"&gt;Stock options&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 4pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"&gt;-&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 4pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 4pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"&gt;-&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 4pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; padding-bottom: 4pt"&gt;Weighted-average shares outstanding&#13;    - Diluted&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 4pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"&gt;14,965,665&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 4pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 4pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"&gt;11,599,911&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 4pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;Loss per share&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 4pt"&gt;-Basic&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 4pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"&gt;(0.05&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 4pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 4pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"&gt;(0.05&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 4pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 4pt"&gt;-Diluted&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 4pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"&gt;(0.05&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 4pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 4pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"&gt;(0.05&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 4pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;/table&gt;&#13;&lt;p style="margin: 0pt"&gt;&lt;/p&gt;</us-gaap:ScheduleOfEarningsPerShareBasicAndDilutedTableTextBlock>
    <us-gaap:ScheduleOfEarningsPerShareBasicAndDilutedTableTextBlock contextRef="From2018-01-01to2018-12-31">&lt;table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td colspan="6" style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid"&gt;Years&#13;    Ended&lt;br /&gt; December&amp;#160;31,&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td colspan="2" style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid"&gt;2018&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td colspan="2" style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid"&gt;2017&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;Numerator:&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td colspan="2" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td colspan="2" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 76%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;Net loss&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 9%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"&gt;(4,101,303&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 9%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"&gt;(4,242,860&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;Denominator:&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;Weighted-average shares outstanding:&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; padding-bottom: 4pt"&gt;Weighted-average shares outstanding&#13;    - Basic&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 4pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"&gt;213,884,105&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 4pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 4pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"&gt;213,321,921&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 4pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; padding-bottom: 4pt"&gt;Stock options&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 4pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"&gt;-&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 4pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 4pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"&gt;-&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 4pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; padding-bottom: 4pt"&gt;Weighted-average shares outstanding&#13;    - Diluted&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 4pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"&gt;213,884,105&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 4pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 4pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"&gt;213,321,921&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 4pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;Loss per share&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 4pt"&gt;-Basic&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 4pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"&gt;(0.02&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 4pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 4pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"&gt;(0.02&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 4pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 4pt"&gt;-Diluted&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 4pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"&gt;(0.02&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 4pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 4pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"&gt;(0.02&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 4pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;/table&gt;</us-gaap:ScheduleOfEarningsPerShareBasicAndDilutedTableTextBlock>
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    <us-gaap:DebtInstrumentMaturityDate contextRef="From2017-04-06to2017-04-12_custom_LoanAgreementOneMember">2019-05-11</us-gaap:DebtInstrumentMaturityDate>
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    <us-gaap:DebtInstrumentConvertibleThresholdPercentageOfStockPriceTrigger contextRef="From2019-01-01to2019-03-31_custom_BioFirstCorporationMember" unitRef="pure" decimals="INF">0.1614</us-gaap:DebtInstrumentConvertibleThresholdPercentageOfStockPriceTrigger>
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    <us-gaap:DebtInstrumentConvertibleThresholdPercentageOfStockPriceTrigger contextRef="From2018-01-01to2018-12-31_custom_RgeneCorporationMember" unitRef="pure" decimals="INF">0.3162</us-gaap:DebtInstrumentConvertibleThresholdPercentageOfStockPriceTrigger>
    <us-gaap:DebtInstrumentConvertibleThresholdPercentageOfStockPriceTrigger contextRef="From2018-01-01to2018-12-31_custom_BioFirstCorporationMember" unitRef="pure" decimals="INF">0.1584</us-gaap:DebtInstrumentConvertibleThresholdPercentageOfStockPriceTrigger>
    <abvcd:ExceedingAmount contextRef="From2019-01-01to2019-01-08_custom_LoanAgreementMember" unitRef="USD" decimals="0">500000</abvcd:ExceedingAmount>
    <abvcd:ExceedingAmount contextRef="From2019-01-01to2019-01-08_custom_LoanAgreementMember_us-gaap_SubsequentEventMember" unitRef="USD" decimals="0">500000</abvcd:ExceedingAmount>
    <us-gaap:PreferredStockSharesOutstanding contextRef="Context_As_Of_31_Dec_2017T00_00_00_TO_31_Dec_2017T00_00_00" unitRef="shares" xsi:nil="true" />
    <us-gaap:PreferredStockSharesOutstanding contextRef="AsOf2019-03-31" unitRef="shares" xsi:nil="true" />
    <us-gaap:PreferredStockSharesOutstanding contextRef="AsOf2018-12-31" unitRef="shares" xsi:nil="true" />
    <us-gaap:PreferredStockSharesOutstanding contextRef="AsOf2018-12-31_custom_BioKeyMember" unitRef="shares" decimals="INF">22133097</us-gaap:PreferredStockSharesOutstanding>
    <us-gaap:PreferredStockSharesOutstanding contextRef="AsOf2018-12-31_us-gaap_SeriesAPreferredStockMember_custom_BioKeyMember" unitRef="shares" decimals="INF">7000000</us-gaap:PreferredStockSharesOutstanding>
    <us-gaap:PreferredStockSharesOutstanding contextRef="AsOf2018-12-31_us-gaap_SeriesBPreferredStockMember_custom_BioKeyMember" unitRef="shares" decimals="INF">1160000</us-gaap:PreferredStockSharesOutstanding>
    <us-gaap:PreferredStockSharesOutstanding contextRef="AsOf2018-12-31_us-gaap_SeriesCPreferredStockMember_custom_BioKeyMember" unitRef="shares" decimals="INF">13973097</us-gaap:PreferredStockSharesOutstanding>
    <us-gaap:CommonStockSharesOutstanding contextRef="Context_As_Of_31_Dec_2017T00_00_00_TO_31_Dec_2017T00_00_00" unitRef="shares" decimals="INF">213746647</us-gaap:CommonStockSharesOutstanding>
    <us-gaap:CommonStockSharesOutstanding contextRef="AsOf2019-03-31" unitRef="shares" decimals="INF">17693625</us-gaap:CommonStockSharesOutstanding>
    <us-gaap:CommonStockSharesOutstanding contextRef="AsOf2018-12-31" unitRef="shares" decimals="INF">11884804</us-gaap:CommonStockSharesOutstanding>
    <us-gaap:CommonStockSharesOutstanding contextRef="AsOf2018-12-31_custom_ReverseMergerMember" unitRef="shares" decimals="INF">313529004</us-gaap:CommonStockSharesOutstanding>
    <abvcd:ReceivedLoanAmount contextRef="AsOf2019-01-21_custom_LoanAgreementMember" unitRef="USD" decimals="0">500000</abvcd:ReceivedLoanAmount>
    <abvcd:ReceivedLoanAmount contextRef="AsOf2019-01-21_custom_CathayBankMember" unitRef="USD" decimals="0">500000</abvcd:ReceivedLoanAmount>
    <us-gaap:PropertyPlantAndEquipmentEstimatedUsefulLives contextRef="From2019-01-01to2019-03-31_custom_BuildingsAndLeaseholdImprovementsMember_srt_MinimumMember">P5Y</us-gaap:PropertyPlantAndEquipmentEstimatedUsefulLives>
    <us-gaap:PropertyPlantAndEquipmentEstimatedUsefulLives contextRef="From2019-01-01to2019-03-31_custom_BuildingsAndLeaseholdImprovementsMember_srt_MaximumMember">P50Y</us-gaap:PropertyPlantAndEquipmentEstimatedUsefulLives>
    <us-gaap:PropertyPlantAndEquipmentEstimatedUsefulLives contextRef="From2019-01-01to2019-03-31_us-gaap_MachineryAndEquipmentMember_srt_MinimumMember">P5Y</us-gaap:PropertyPlantAndEquipmentEstimatedUsefulLives>
    <us-gaap:PropertyPlantAndEquipmentEstimatedUsefulLives contextRef="From2019-01-01to2019-03-31_us-gaap_MachineryAndEquipmentMember_srt_MaximumMember">P10Y</us-gaap:PropertyPlantAndEquipmentEstimatedUsefulLives>
    <us-gaap:PropertyPlantAndEquipmentEstimatedUsefulLives contextRef="From2019-01-01to2019-03-31_us-gaap_OfficeEquipmentMember_srt_MinimumMember">P3Y</us-gaap:PropertyPlantAndEquipmentEstimatedUsefulLives>
    <us-gaap:PropertyPlantAndEquipmentEstimatedUsefulLives contextRef="From2019-01-01to2019-03-31_us-gaap_OfficeEquipmentMember_srt_MaximumMember">P6Y</us-gaap:PropertyPlantAndEquipmentEstimatedUsefulLives>
    <us-gaap:DescriptionOfPostemploymentBenefits contextRef="From2019-01-01to2019-03-31">Such labor regulations require that the rate of contribution made by an employer to the Labor Pension Fund per month shall not be less than 6% of the worker's monthly salaries. Pursuant to the Act, the Company makes monthly contribution equal to 6% of employees' salaries to the employees' pension fund. The Company has no legal obligation for the benefits beyond the contributions made. The total amounts for such employee benefits, which were expensed as incurred, were $4,424 and $5,586 for the three months ended March 31, 2019 and 2018, respectively.</us-gaap:DescriptionOfPostemploymentBenefits>
    <abvcd:StockBasedCompensationForNonemployees contextRef="From2019-01-01to2019-03-31" unitRef="USD" decimals="0">8550</abvcd:StockBasedCompensationForNonemployees>
    <abvcd:StockBasedCompensationForNonemployees contextRef="From2018-01-01to2018-03-31" unitRef="USD" decimals="0">5626</abvcd:StockBasedCompensationForNonemployees>
    <abvcd:StockBasedCompensationForNonemployees contextRef="From2018-01-01to2018-12-31" unitRef="USD" decimals="0">28800</abvcd:StockBasedCompensationForNonemployees>
    <abvcd:StockBasedCompensationForNonemployees contextRef="From2017-01-01to2017-12-31" unitRef="USD" decimals="0">155400</abvcd:StockBasedCompensationForNonemployees>
    <us-gaap:InventoryDisclosureTextBlock contextRef="From2019-01-01to2019-03-31">&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;b&gt;5.&#13;INVENTORY&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 20.8pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -20.8pt"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 22.9pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -22.9pt"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;Inventory&#13;consists of the following:&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td colspan="2" style="font-weight: bold; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid"&gt;Mar&amp;#160;31,&lt;br /&gt; 2019&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td colspan="2" style="font-weight: bold; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid"&gt;December&amp;#160;31,&lt;br /&gt; 2018&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td colspan="2" style="font-weight: bold; text-align: center"&gt;(Unaudited)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td colspan="2"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 76%"&gt;Merchandise&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 9%; text-align: right"&gt;521&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 9%; text-align: right"&gt;1,318&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;Finished goods&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;91,891&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;100,736&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td&gt;Work-in-process&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;20,057&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;20,243&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;Raw materials&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;56,171&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;56,691&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;Allowance for inventory valuation and obsolescence loss&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;(168,119&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;(177,670&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left; padding-bottom: 4pt"&gt;Inventory, net&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 4pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; text-align: right"&gt;521&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 4pt; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 4pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; text-align: right"&gt;1,318&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 4pt; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;/table&gt;</us-gaap:InventoryDisclosureTextBlock>
    <us-gaap:ScheduleOfInventoryCurrentTableTextBlock contextRef="From2019-01-01to2019-03-31">&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 20.8pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -20.8pt"&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td colspan="2" style="font-weight: bold; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid"&gt;Mar&amp;#160;31,&lt;br /&gt; 2019&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td colspan="2" style="font-weight: bold; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid"&gt;December&amp;#160;31,&lt;br /&gt; 2018&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td colspan="2" style="font-weight: bold; text-align: center"&gt;(Unaudited)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td colspan="2"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 76%"&gt;Merchandise&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 9%; text-align: right"&gt;521&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 9%; text-align: right"&gt;1,318&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;Finished goods&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;91,891&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;100,736&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td&gt;Work-in-process&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;20,057&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;20,243&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;Raw materials&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;56,171&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;56,691&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;Allowance for inventory valuation and obsolescence loss&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;(168,119&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;(177,670&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left; padding-bottom: 4pt"&gt;Inventory, net&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 4pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; text-align: right"&gt;521&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 4pt; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 4pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; text-align: right"&gt;1,318&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 4pt; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;/table&gt;</us-gaap:ScheduleOfInventoryCurrentTableTextBlock>
    <abvcd:Merchandise contextRef="AsOf2019-03-31" unitRef="USD" decimals="0">521</abvcd:Merchandise>
    <abvcd:Merchandise contextRef="AsOf2018-12-31" unitRef="USD" decimals="0">1318</abvcd:Merchandise>
    <us-gaap:InventoryFinishedGoods contextRef="AsOf2019-03-31" unitRef="USD" decimals="0">91891</us-gaap:InventoryFinishedGoods>
    <us-gaap:InventoryFinishedGoods contextRef="AsOf2018-12-31" unitRef="USD" decimals="0">100736</us-gaap:InventoryFinishedGoods>
    <us-gaap:InventoryWorkInProcess contextRef="AsOf2019-03-31" unitRef="USD" decimals="0">20057</us-gaap:InventoryWorkInProcess>
    <us-gaap:InventoryWorkInProcess contextRef="AsOf2018-12-31" unitRef="USD" decimals="0">20243</us-gaap:InventoryWorkInProcess>
    <us-gaap:InventoryRawMaterialsAndSupplies contextRef="AsOf2019-03-31" unitRef="USD" decimals="0">56171</us-gaap:InventoryRawMaterialsAndSupplies>
    <us-gaap:InventoryRawMaterialsAndSupplies contextRef="AsOf2018-12-31" unitRef="USD" decimals="0">56691</us-gaap:InventoryRawMaterialsAndSupplies>
    <abvcd:AllowanceForInventoryValuationAndObsolescenceLoss contextRef="AsOf2019-03-31" unitRef="USD" decimals="0">168119</abvcd:AllowanceForInventoryValuationAndObsolescenceLoss>
    <abvcd:AllowanceForInventoryValuationAndObsolescenceLoss contextRef="AsOf2018-12-31" unitRef="USD" decimals="0">177670</abvcd:AllowanceForInventoryValuationAndObsolescenceLoss>
    <us-gaap:PropertyPlantAndEquipmentGross contextRef="AsOf2019-03-31" unitRef="USD" decimals="0">3738907</us-gaap:PropertyPlantAndEquipmentGross>
    <us-gaap:PropertyPlantAndEquipmentGross contextRef="AsOf2018-12-31" unitRef="USD" decimals="0">762467</us-gaap:PropertyPlantAndEquipmentGross>
    <us-gaap:PropertyPlantAndEquipmentGross contextRef="AsOf2019-03-31_us-gaap_LandMember" unitRef="USD" decimals="0">360081</us-gaap:PropertyPlantAndEquipmentGross>
    <us-gaap:PropertyPlantAndEquipmentGross contextRef="AsOf2019-03-31_custom_BuildingsAndLeaseholdImprovementsMember" unitRef="USD" decimals="0">2115155</us-gaap:PropertyPlantAndEquipmentGross>
    <us-gaap:PropertyPlantAndEquipmentGross contextRef="AsOf2019-03-31_us-gaap_MachineryAndEquipmentMember" unitRef="USD" decimals="0">1236493</us-gaap:PropertyPlantAndEquipmentGross>
    <us-gaap:PropertyPlantAndEquipmentGross contextRef="AsOf2019-03-31_us-gaap_OfficeEquipmentMember" unitRef="USD" decimals="0">27178</us-gaap:PropertyPlantAndEquipmentGross>
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    <abvcd:UnsecuredLoanAgreementsDescription contextRef="From2019-01-01to2019-03-31_custom_BioLiteTaiwanMember">Entered various unsecured loan agreements bearing interest at fixed rates between 12% and 13.6224% per annum with three individuals to advance in aggregate of NT$10,750,000, equivalent to $348,300, for working capital purpose. The term of the loan varies from one month to three months with various maturity dates through May 25, 2018.</abvcd:UnsecuredLoanAgreementsDescription>
    <abvcd:GoingConcernDisclosureTextBlock contextRef="From2019-01-01to2019-03-31">&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;b&gt;3.&#13;GOING CONCERN&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;The&#13;accompanying consolidated financial statements have been prepared assuming the Company will continue as a going concern. The Company&#13;has incurred losses since its inception resulting in an accumulated deficit of $13,001,117 and $12,209,446 as of March 31, 2019&#13;and December 31, 2018, respectively, and incurred net loss of $873,317 and $713,622 for the three months ended March 31, 2019&#13;and 2018, respectively. The Company also had working capital deficiency of $10,907,973 and $10,421,310 at March 31, 2019 and December&#13;31, 2018, respectively. The ability to continue as a going concern is dependent upon the Company generating profitable operations&#13;in the future and/or obtaining the necessary financing to meet its obligations and repay its liabilities arising from normal business&#13;operations when they become due. These consolidated financial statements do not include any adjustments to the recoverability&#13;and classification of recorded asset amounts and classification of liabilities that might be necessary should the Company upon&#13;signing of that agreement.&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; background-color: white"&gt;In&#13;order to continue as a going concern, the Company will need, among other things, additional capital resources. Management's&#13;plans to obtain such resources for the Company include&amp;#160;(1) obtaining capital from the sale of its equity securities (2) short-term&#13;and long-term borrowings from banks and third-parties, and (3) short-term borrowings from stockholders or other related party(ies)&#13;when needed. However, management cannot provide any assurance that the Company will be successful in accomplishing any of its&#13;plans.&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; background-color: white"&gt;The&#13;ability of the Company to continue as a going concern is dependent upon its ability to successfully accomplish the plans described&#13;in the preceding paragraph and eventually to secure other sources of financing and attain profitable operations.&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;</abvcd:GoingConcernDisclosureTextBlock>
    <abvcd:GoingConcernDisclosureTextBlock contextRef="From2018-01-01to2018-12-31">&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;b&gt;3.&#13;GOING CONCERN&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;The&#13;accompanying consolidated financial statements have been prepared assuming the Company will continue as a going concern. The Company&#13;has incurred losses since its inception resulting in an accumulated deficit of $19,877,901 and $15,776,598 as of December 31,&#13;2018 and 2017, respectively, and incurred net loss of $4,101,303 and $4,242,860 for the years ended December 31, 2018 and 2017,&#13;respectively. The Company also had working capital deficiency of $5,471,951 and $1,756,915 at December 31, 2018 and 2017, respectively.&#13;The ability to continue as a going concern is dependent upon the Company generating profitable operations in the future and/or&#13;obtaining the necessary financing to meet its obligations and repay its liabilities arising from normal business operations when&#13;they become due. These consolidated financial statements do not include any adjustments to the recoverability and classification&#13;of recorded asset amounts and classification of liabilities that might be necessary should the Company upon signing of that agreement.&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; background-color: white"&gt;In&#13;order to continue as a going concern, the Company will need, among other things, additional capital resources. Management's&#13;plans to obtain such resources for the Company include&amp;#160;(1) obtaining capital from the sale of its equity securities (2) short-term&#13;and long-term borrowings from banks and third-parties, and (3) short-term borrowings from stockholders or other related party(ies)&#13;when needed. However, management cannot provide any assurance that the Company will be successful in accomplishing any of its&#13;plans.&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; background-color: white"&gt;The&#13;ability of the Company to continue as a going concern is dependent upon its ability to successfully accomplish the plans described&#13;in the preceding paragraph and eventually to secure other sources of financing and attain profitable operations.&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;</abvcd:GoingConcernDisclosureTextBlock>
    <abvcd:ConvertibleNotesPayableDisclosureTextBlock contextRef="From2019-01-01to2019-03-31">&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;b&gt;8.&#13;CONVERTIBLE NOTES PAYABLE&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;On&#13;May 9, 2018, the Company issued an eighteen-month term unsecured convertible promissory note (the "Yu and Wei Note")&#13;in an aggregate principal amount of $300,000 to Guoliang Yu and Yingfei Wei Family Trust (the "Yu and Wei"), pursuant&#13;to which the Company received $300,000. The Yu and Wei Note bears interest at 8% per annum. The Company shall pay to the Yu and&#13;Wei an amount in cash representing all outstanding principal and accrued and unpaid interest on the Eighteenth (18) month anniversary&#13;of the issuance date of the Yu and Wei Note, which is on November 8, 2019. In the event that the Company raises gross proceeds&#13;from the sale of its common stock of at least $5,000,000 (an "Equity Offering") then within five days of the closing&#13;for such offering, the Company must repay the outstanding amount of this Yu and Wei Note. At any time from the date hereof until&#13;this Yu and Wei Note has been satisfied, the Yu and Wei may convert the unpaid and outstanding principal plus any accrued and&#13;unpaid interest and or default interest, if any, into shares of the Company's common stock at a conversion price (the "Conversion&#13;Price") equal to the lower of (i) $2.00 per share (the "Fixed Conversion Price"), subject to adjustment or (ii)&#13;80% of the per share offering price (the "Alternative Conversion Price") of any completed equity offering of the Company&#13;in an amount exceeding $500,000 that occurs when any part of the Yu and Wei Note is outstanding, subject to adjustments set forth&#13;in the Yu and Wei Note. In accordance with FASB ASC 470-20, the Company recognized none of the intrinsic value of embedded beneficial&#13;conversion feature present in the Yu and Wei Note as of March 31, 2019.&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;On&#13;June 27, 2018, the Company issued an eighteen-month term unsecured convertible promissory note (the "Keypoint Note")&#13;in the aggregate principal amount of $250,000 to Keypoint Technology Ltd. ("Keypoint"), a related party, pursuant&#13;to which the Company received $250,000. The Keypoint Note bears interest at 8% per annum. The Company shall pay to the Keypoint&#13;an amount in cash representing all outstanding principal and accrued and unpaid interest on the Eighteenth (18) month anniversary&#13;of the issuance date of the Keypoint Note, which is on December 26, 2019. In the event that the Company raises gross proceeds&#13;from the sale of its common stock of at least $5,000,000 (an "Equity Offering") then within five days of the closing&#13;for such offering, the Company must repay the outstanding amount of this Keypoint Note. At any time from the date hereof until&#13;this Keypoint Note has been satisfied, Keypoint may convert the unpaid and outstanding principal plus any accrued and unpaid interest&#13;and or default interest, if any, into shares of the Company's common stock at a conversion price (the "Conversion&#13;Price") equal to the lower of (i) $2.00 per share (the "Fixed Conversion Price"), subject to adjustment or (ii)&#13;80% of the per share offering price (the "Alternative Conversion Price") of any completed equity offering of the Company&#13;in an amount exceeding $500,000 that occurs when any part of the Keypoint Note is outstanding, subject to adjustments set forth&#13;in the Keypoint Note. In accordance with FASB ASC 470-20, the Company recognized none of the intrinsic value of embedded beneficial&#13;conversion feature present in the Keypoint Note as of March 31, 2019.&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;On&#13;August 25, 2018, the Company issued an eighteen-month term unsecured convertible promissory note (the "Odaira Note")&#13;in the aggregate principal amount of $250,000 to the Company's director, Yoshinobu Odaira. ("Odaira), pursuant to&#13;which the Company received $250,000 on November 29, 2018. The Odaira Note bears interest at 8% per annum. The Company shall pay&#13;to the Odaira an amount in cash representing all outstanding principal and accrued and unpaid interest on the Eighteenth (18)&#13;month anniversary of the issuance date of the Odaira Note, which is on February 24, 2020. In the event that the Company raises&#13;gross proceeds from the sale of its common stock of at least $5,000,000 (an "Equity Offering") then within five days&#13;of the closing for such offering, the Company must repay the outstanding amount of this Odaira Note. At any time from the date&#13;hereof until this Odaira Note has been satisfied, Odaira may convert the unpaid and outstanding principal plus any accrued and&#13;unpaid interest and or default interest, if any, into shares of the Company's common stock at a conversion price (the "Conversion&#13;Price") equal to the lower of (i) $2.00 per share (the "Fixed Conversion Price"), subject to adjustment or (ii)&#13;80% of the per share offering price (the "Alternative Conversion Price") of any completed equity offering of the Company&#13;in an amount exceeding $500,000 that occurs when any part of the Odaira Note is outstanding, subject to adjustments set forth&#13;in the Odaira Note. In accordance with FASB ASC 470-20, the Company recognized none of the intrinsic value of embedded beneficial&#13;conversion feature present in the Odaira Note as of March 31, 2019.&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;As&#13;of March 31, 2019 and December 31, 2018, the aggregate carrying values of the convertible debentures were $800,000 and accrued&#13;convertible interest was $43,467 and $27,467, respectively.&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;Total&#13;interest expenses in connection with the above convertible notes payable were $16,000 and $0 for the three months ended March&#13;31 2019 and 2018, respectively.&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;</abvcd:ConvertibleNotesPayableDisclosureTextBlock>
    <abvcd:ConvertibleNotesPayableDisclosureTextBlock contextRef="From2018-01-01to2018-12-31">&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;b&gt;7.&#13;CONVERTIBLE NOTES PAYABLE&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;On&#13;May 9, 2018, the Company issued an eighteen-month term unsecured convertible promissory note (the "Yu and Wei Note")&#13;in an aggregate principal amount of $300,000 to Guoliang Yu and Yingfei Wei Family Trust (the "Yu and Wei"), pursuant&#13;to which the Company received $300,000. The Yu and Wei Note bears interest at 8% per annum. The Company shall pay to the Yu and&#13;Wei an amount in cash representing all outstanding principal and accrued and unpaid interest on the Eighteenth (18) month anniversary&#13;of the issuance date of the Yu and Wei Note, which is on November 8, 2019. In the event that the Company raises gross proceeds&#13;from the sale of its common stock of at least $5,000,000 (an "Equity Offering") then within five days of the closing&#13;for such offering, the Company must repay the outstanding amount of this Yu and Wei Note. At any time from the date hereof until&#13;this Yu and Wei Note has been satisfied, the Yu and Wei may convert the unpaid and outstanding principal plus any accrued and&#13;unpaid interest and or default interest, if any, into shares of the Company's common stock at a conversion price (the "Conversion&#13;Price") equal to the lower of (i) $2.00 per share (the "Fixed Conversion Price"), subject to adjustment or (ii)&#13;80% of the per share offering price (the "Alternative Conversion Price") of any completed equity offering of the Company&#13;in an amount exceeding $500,000 that occurs when any part of the Yu and Wei Note is outstanding, subject to adjustments set forth&#13;in the Yu and Wei Note. In accordance with FASB ASC 470-20, the Company recognized none of the intrinsic value of embedded beneficial&#13;conversion feature present in the Yu and Wei Note as of December 31, 2018.&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;On&#13;June 27, 2018, the Company issued an eighteen-month term unsecured convertible promissory note (the "Keypoint Note")&#13;in the aggregate principal amount of $250,000 to Keypoint Technology Ltd. ("Keypoint"), a related party, pursuant&#13;to which the Company received $250,000. The Keypoint Note bears interest at 8% per annum. The Company shall pay to the Keypoint&#13;an amount in cash representing all outstanding principal and accrued and unpaid interest on the Eighteenth (18) month anniversary&#13;of the issuance date of the Keypoint Note, which is on December 26, 2019. In the event that the Company raises gross proceeds&#13;from the sale of its common stock of at least $5,000,000 (an "Equity Offering") then within five days of the closing&#13;for such offering, the Company must repay the outstanding amount of this Keypoint Note. At any time from the date hereof until&#13;this Keypoint Note has been satisfied, Keypoint may convert the unpaid and outstanding principal plus any accrued and unpaid interest&#13;and or default interest, if any, into shares of the Company's common stock at a conversion price (the "Conversion&#13;Price") equal to the lower of (i) $2.00 per share (the "Fixed Conversion Price"), subject to adjustment or (ii)&#13;80% of the per share offering price (the "Alternative Conversion Price") of any completed equity offering of the Company&#13;in an amount exceeding $500,000 that occurs when any part of the Keypoint Note is outstanding, subject to adjustments set forth&#13;in the Keypoint Note. In accordance with FASB ASC 470-20, the Company recognized none of the intrinsic value of embedded beneficial&#13;conversion feature present in the Keypoint Note as of December 31, 2018.&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;On&#13;August 25, 2018, the Company issued an eighteen-month term unsecured convertible promissory note (the "Odaira Note")&#13;in the aggregate principal amount of $250,000 to the Company's director, Yoshinobu Odaira. ("Odaira), pursuant to&#13;which the Company received $250,000 on November 29, 2018. The Odaira Note bears interest at 8% per annum. The Company shall pay&#13;to the Odaira an amount in cash representing all outstanding principal and accrued and unpaid interest on the Eighteenth (18)&#13;month anniversary of the issuance date of the Odaira Note, which is on February 24, 2020. In the event that the Company raises&#13;gross proceeds from the sale of its common stock of at least $5,000,000 (an "Equity Offering") then within five days&#13;of the closing for such offering, the Company must repay the outstanding amount of this Odaira Note. At any time from the date&#13;hereof until this Odaira Note has been satisfied, Odaira may convert the unpaid and outstanding principal plus any accrued and&#13;unpaid interest and or default interest, if any, into shares of the Company's common stock at a conversion price (the "Conversion&#13;Price") equal to the lower of (i) $2.00 per share (the "Fixed Conversion Price"), subject to adjustment or (ii)&#13;80% of the per share offering price (the "Alternative Conversion Price") of any completed equity offering of the Company&#13;in an amount exceeding $500,000 that occurs when any part of the Odaira Note is outstanding, subject to adjustments set forth&#13;in the Odaira Note. In accordance with FASB ASC 470-20, the Company recognized none of the intrinsic value of embedded beneficial&#13;conversion feature present in the Odaira Note as of December 31, 2018.&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;As&#13;of December 31, 2018, the aggregate carrying values of the convertible debentures and accrued convertible interest were $800,000&#13;and $27,467, respectively. Interest expense was $27,467 and $0 for the years ended December 31, 2018 and 2017, respectively.&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;</abvcd:ConvertibleNotesPayableDisclosureTextBlock>
    <abvcd:LongTermInvestmentTextBlock contextRef="From2019-01-01to2019-03-31">&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 23.75pt; text-indent: -23.75pt"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;b&gt;7.&#13;LONG-TERM INVESTMENTS&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 23.75pt; text-indent: -23.75pt"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"&gt;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#13;&lt;td style="width: 0; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 0.25in; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;(1)&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;The&#13;                                         ownership percentages of each investee are listed as follows:&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;/table&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.25in"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: center; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td colspan="6" style="text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid"&gt;&lt;b&gt;Ownership percentage&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: center; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td&gt;&lt;b&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;b&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td colspan="2" style="text-align: center"&gt;&lt;b&gt;March&amp;#160;31,&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;b&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;b&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td colspan="2" style="text-align: center"&gt;&lt;b&gt;December&amp;#160;31,&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;b&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;b&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: center"&gt;&lt;b&gt;Accounting&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid"&gt;&lt;b&gt;Name of related party&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td colspan="2" style="text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid"&gt;&lt;b&gt;2019&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td colspan="2" style="text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid"&gt;&lt;b&gt;2018&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid"&gt;&lt;b&gt;treatment&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 61%; text-align: left"&gt;Braingenesis Biotechnology Co., Ltd.&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 9%; text-align: right"&gt;0.17&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;%&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 9%; text-align: right"&gt;0.17&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;%&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 14%; text-align: center"&gt;Cost Method&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;Genepharm Biotech Corporation&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;0.72&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;%&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;0.72&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;%&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: center"&gt;Cost Method&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;BioHopeKing Corporation&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;7.13&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;%&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;7.13&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;%&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: center"&gt;Cost Method&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;BioFirst Corporation&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;16.14&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;%&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;15.84&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;%&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: center"&gt;Equity Method&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td&gt;Rgene&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;31.63&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;%&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;31.62&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;%&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: center"&gt;Equity Method&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;/table&gt;&#13;&#13;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.25in"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0; width: 100%"&gt;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: top; text-align: justify"&gt;&#13;&lt;td style="width: 0"&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 0.25in; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;(2)&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;The&#13;extent the investee relies on the company for its business are summarized as follows:&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;/table&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse"&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="white-space: nowrap; width: 30%; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;b&gt;Name&#13;    of related party&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 1%; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 69%; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: center; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;b&gt;The&#13;    extent the investee relies on the Company for its business&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="white-space: nowrap; vertical-align: bottom; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;Braingenesis Biotechnology Co., Ltd.&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="white-space: nowrap; vertical-align: bottom; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;No specific business relationship&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="background-color: White"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="white-space: nowrap; vertical-align: bottom; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;Genepharm Biotech Corporation&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="white-space: nowrap; vertical-align: bottom; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;No specific business relationship&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="white-space: nowrap; vertical-align: bottom; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;BioHopeKing Corporation&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="white-space: nowrap; vertical-align: bottom; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;Collaborating with the Company to develop and commercialize drugs&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="background-color: White"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="white-space: nowrap; vertical-align: bottom; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;BioFirst Corporation&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="white-space: nowrap; vertical-align: bottom; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;Loaned from the investee and provides research and development support service&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="white-space: nowrap; vertical-align: bottom; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;Rgene&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="white-space: nowrap; vertical-align: bottom; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;Collaborating with the Company to develop and commercialize drugs&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;/table&gt;&#13;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0; width: 100%"&gt;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: top; text-align: justify"&gt;&#13;&lt;td style="width: 0"&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 0.25in; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;(3)&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;Long-term&#13;investment mainly consists of the following:&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;/table&gt;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td colspan="2" style="font-weight: bold; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid"&gt;March&amp;#160;31,&lt;br /&gt; 2019&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td colspan="2" style="font-weight: bold; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid"&gt;December&amp;#160;31,&lt;br /&gt; 2018&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td colspan="2" style="font-weight: bold; text-align: center"&gt;(Unaudited)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td colspan="2"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td&gt;Non-marketable Cost Method Investments, net&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td colspan="2"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td colspan="2"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 76%; text-align: left; padding-left: 0.125in"&gt;Braingenesis Biotechnology Co., Ltd.&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 9%; text-align: right"&gt;7,147&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 9%; text-align: right"&gt;7,213&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left; padding-left: 0.125in"&gt;Genepharm Biotech Corporation&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;21,819&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;22,021&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; padding-left: 0.125in"&gt;BioHopeKing Corporation&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;1,938,480&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;1,956,429&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; padding-left: 0.25in"&gt;Sub total&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;1,967,446&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;1,985,663&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;Equity Method Investments, net&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left; padding-left: 0.125in"&gt;BioFirst Corporation&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;1,440,317&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;1,502,506&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; padding-left: 0.125in"&gt;Rgene Corporation&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;-&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;-&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="padding-bottom: 4pt; padding-left: 0.25in"&gt;Total&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 4pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; text-align: right"&gt;3,407,763&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 4pt; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 4pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; text-align: right"&gt;3,488,169&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 4pt; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;/table&gt;&#13;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0; width: 100%"&gt;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: top; text-align: justify"&gt;&#13;&lt;td style="width: 0"&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 0.25in; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;(a)&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;BioFirst&#13;Corporation (the &amp;#8220;BioFirst):&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;/table&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.25in; text-align: justify"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.25in; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;The&#13;Company holds an equity interest in BioFirst Corporation, (the &amp;#8220;BioFirst&amp;#8221;), accounting for its equity interest using&#13;the equity method to accounts for its equity investment as prescribed in ASC 323, Investments&amp;#8212;Equity Method and Joint Ventures&#13;(&amp;#8220;ASC 323&amp;#8221;). Equity method adjustments include the Company&amp;#8217;s proportionate share of investee&amp;#8217;s income&#13;or loss and other adjustments required by the equity method. As of March 31, 2019 and December 31, 2018, the Company owns 16.14%&#13;and 15.84% common stock shares of BioFirst, respectively.&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;Summarized financial information for the Company&amp;#8217;s equity method investee, BioFirst, is as follows:&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;i&gt;Balance&#13;Sheet&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td colspan="2" style="font-weight: bold; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid"&gt;March 31,&lt;br /&gt; 2019&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td colspan="2" style="font-weight: bold; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid"&gt;December&amp;#160;31,&lt;br /&gt; 2018&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td colspan="2" style="font-weight: bold; text-align: center"&gt;(Unaudited)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td colspan="2" style="text-align: right"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 76%; text-align: left"&gt;Current Assets&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 9%; text-align: right"&gt;7,324,390&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 9%; text-align: right"&gt;7,551,898&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;Noncurrent Assets&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;1,639,340&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;1,608,460&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;Current Liabilities&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;1,805,325&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;1,648,206&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;Noncurrent Liabilities&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;36,502&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;-&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;Shareholders&amp;#8217; Equity&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;7,121,903&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;7,512,152&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;/table&gt;&#13;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="margin: 0"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0; margin-left: 0; text-indent: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;i&gt;Statement&#13;of operation&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="margin: 0"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td colspan="6" style="font-weight: bold; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid"&gt;Three Months Ended&lt;br /&gt;&#13; March&amp;#160;31,&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td colspan="2" style="font-weight: bold; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid"&gt;2019&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td colspan="2" style="font-weight: bold; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid"&gt;2018&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td colspan="6" style="font-weight: bold; text-align: center"&gt;(Unaudited)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 76%; text-align: left"&gt;Net sales&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 9%; text-align: right"&gt;10,334&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 9%; text-align: right"&gt;10,022&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;Gross profit&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;1,882&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;2,372&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;Net loss&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;(307,034&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;(178,294&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;Share of losses from investments accounted for using the equity method&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;(66,205&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;(38,567&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;/table&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0; width: 100%"&gt;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: top; text-align: justify"&gt;&#13;&lt;td style="width: 0"&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 0.25in; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;(b)&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;Rgene&#13;Corporation (the &amp;#8220;Rgene&amp;#8221;)&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;/table&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.25in; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.25in; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;Both&#13;Rgene and the Company are under common control by Dr. Tsung-Shann Jiang, the CEO and chairman of the Company. Since Dr. Tsung-Shann&#13;Jiang is able to exercise significant influence, but not control, over the Rgene, the Company determined to use the equity method&#13;to accounts for its equity investment as prescribed in ASC 323, Investments&amp;#8212;Equity Method and Joint Ventures (&amp;#8220;ASC&#13;323&amp;#8221;). Equity method adjustments include the Company&amp;#8217;s proportionate share of investee&amp;#8217;s income or loss and&#13;other adjustments required by the equity method. As of March 31, 2019 and December 31, 2018, the Company owns 31.63% and 31.62%&#13;Common Stock shares of Rgene, respectively.&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.25in; text-align: justify"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.25in; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;Summarized&#13;financial information for the Company&amp;#8217;s equity method investee, Rgene, is as follows:&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.25in; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;i&gt;Balance&#13;Sheets&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td colspan="2" style="font-weight: bold; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid"&gt;March&amp;#160;31,&lt;br /&gt;&#13; 2019&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td colspan="2" style="font-weight: bold; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid"&gt;December&amp;#160;31, &lt;br /&gt;&#13;2018&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td colspan="2" style="font-weight: bold; text-align: right"&gt;(Unaudited)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td colspan="2" style="text-align: right"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 76%; text-align: left"&gt;Current Assets&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 9%; text-align: right"&gt;94,305&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 9%; text-align: right"&gt;98,168&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;Noncurrent Assets&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;39,541&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;14,779&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;Current Liabilities&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;292,588&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;261,685&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;Noncurrent Liabilities&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;11,424&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;-&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;Shareholders&amp;#8217; Equity (Deficit)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;(170,166&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;(148,738&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;/table&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.25in; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;i&gt;Statement&#13;of operations&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td colspan="6" style="font-weight: bold; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid"&gt;Three Months Ended &lt;br /&gt; March&amp;#160;31,&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td colspan="2" style="font-weight: bold; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid"&gt;2019&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td colspan="2" style="font-weight: bold; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid"&gt;2018&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td colspan="6" style="font-weight: bold; text-align: center"&gt;(Unaudited)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;Net sales&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;-&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;-&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;Gross Profit&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;-&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;-&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 76%; text-align: left"&gt;Net loss&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 9%; text-align: right"&gt;(22,662&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 9%; text-align: right"&gt;(36,041&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;Share of loss from investments accounted for using the equity method&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;-&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;-&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;/table&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="margin: 0"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0; width: 100%"&gt;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: top; text-align: justify"&gt;&#13;&lt;td style="width: 0"&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 0.25in; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;(4)&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;Disposition&#13;of long-term investment&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;/table&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0; margin-left: 0; text-indent: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.25in; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;During&#13;the year ended December 31, 2018, the Company sold 552,000 shares of common stock of BioHopeKing Corporation (the &amp;#8220;BHK&amp;#8221;)&#13;at prices ranging from NT$25, equivalent $0.82, to NT$32, equivalent $1.05, to two directors of BHK and 25 individuals. As a result&#13;of the transactions, the Company recognized investment loss of $395,476 for the same period.&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.25in; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.25in; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;On&#13;October 15, 2018 and November 2, 2018, the Company subsequently purchased an aggregate of 200,000 and 366,200 shares of common&#13;stock of BHK at NT$10, equivalent to $0.33, and NT$50, equivalent $1.64, from one of directors of BHK and eleven shareholders&#13;of BHK, respectively. The percentage of ownership accordingly increased to 7.13% as of March 31, 2019 and December 31, 2018.&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0; width: 100%"&gt;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: top; text-align: justify"&gt;&#13;&lt;td style="width: 0"&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 0.25in; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;(5)&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;Losses&#13;on Equity Investments&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;/table&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;The&#13;components of losses on equity investments for each period were as follows:&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td colspan="6" style="font-weight: bold; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid"&gt;Three Months Ended &lt;br /&gt;&#13;Mar&amp;#160;31,&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td colspan="2" style="font-weight: bold; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid"&gt;2019&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td colspan="2" style="font-weight: bold; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid"&gt;2018&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td colspan="6" style="font-weight: bold; text-align: center"&gt;(Unaudited)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 76%; text-align: left"&gt;Share of equity method investee losses&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 9%; text-align: right"&gt;(66,205&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 9%; text-align: right"&gt;(38,567&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;Impairments&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;-&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;-&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left; padding-bottom: 4pt; padding-left: 0.125in"&gt;Total losses on equity investments&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 4pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; text-align: right"&gt;(66,205&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 4pt; text-align: left"&gt;)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 4pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; text-align: right"&gt;(38,567&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 4pt; text-align: left"&gt;)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;/table&gt;</abvcd:LongTermInvestmentTextBlock>
    <abvcd:LongTermInvestmentTextBlock contextRef="From2018-01-01to2018-12-31">&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 0"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;b&gt;5.&#13;LONG-TERM INVESTMENT&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;On&#13;December 24, 2018, the Company received the remaining balance of $2,550,000 in the form of newly issued shares of Rgene's&#13;Common Stock, at the price of NT$50 (approximately equivalent to $1.60 per share), for an aggregate number of 1,530,000 shares(See&#13;Note 4). As of December 31, 2018, the Company owns 23.90% common stock shares of Rgene, accounting for its equity interest using&#13;the equity method to its equity investment as prescribed in ASC 323, Investments&amp;#8212;Equity Method and Joint Ventures ("ASC&#13;323"). Equity method adjustments include the Company's proportionate share of investee's income or loss and&#13;other adjustments required by the equity method.&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#13;    &#13;    &lt;td style="width: 24px; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;(1)&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;The&#13;    ownership percentages of the investee are listed as follows:&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;/table&gt;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-collapse: collapse"&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td colspan="6" style="border-bottom: black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;b&gt;Ownership&#13;    percentage&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td colspan="2" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;b&gt;December&amp;#160;31,&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td colspan="2" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;b&gt;December&amp;#160;31,&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;b&gt;Accounting&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;b&gt;Name&#13;    of related party&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;b&gt;2018&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;b&gt;2017&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;b&gt;treatment&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 62%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;Rgene&#13;    Corporation&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 9%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;23.90&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;%&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 9%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;N/A&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="white-space: nowrap; width: 13%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;Equity&#13;    Method&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;/table&gt;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#13;    &#13;    &lt;td style="width: 24px; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;(2)&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;The&#13;    extent the investee relies on the company for its business are summarized as follows:&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;/table&gt;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-collapse: collapse"&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="white-space: nowrap; width: 35%; border-bottom: black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;b&gt;Name&#13;    of related party&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 64%; border-bottom: black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;b&gt;The&#13;    extent the investee relies on the Company for its business&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="white-space: nowrap; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;Rgene&#13;    Corporation&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="white-space: nowrap; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;Collaborating&#13;    with the Company to develop and commercialize drugs&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;/table&gt;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#13;    &#13;    &lt;td style="width: 24px; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;(3)&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;Long-term&#13;    investment mainly consists of the following:&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;/table&gt;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-collapse: collapse"&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td colspan="2" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;b&gt;December&amp;#160;31,&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td colspan="2" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;b&gt;December&amp;#160;31,&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;b&gt;2018&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;b&gt;2017&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: white; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 77%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;Equity&#13;    Method Investments, net of impairment&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 9%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 8%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;Rgene&#13;    Corporation&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;$&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&amp;#160;&amp;#160;&amp;#160;-&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;N/A&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: white; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-left: 0.125in"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;Total&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: black 4.5pt double; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;$&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: black 4.5pt double; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;-&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: black 4.5pt double; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: black 4.5pt double; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;N/A&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;/table&gt;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%"&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#13;    &#13;    &lt;td style="width: 24px; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;(4)&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;Summarized&#13;    financial information for the Company's equity method investee, Rgene, is as follows:&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;/table&gt;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;i&gt;Balance&#13;Sheets&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-collapse: collapse"&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;b&gt;December&amp;#160;31,&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&#13;    &lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;b&gt;2018&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;b&gt;December&amp;#160;31,&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&#13;    &lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;b&gt;2017&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 77%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;Current&#13;    Assets&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;$&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 9%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;98,168&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 8%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;N/A&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: white; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;Noncurrent&#13;    Assets&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;14,779&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;N/A&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;Current&#13;    Liabilities&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;261,685&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;N/A&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: white; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;Shareholders'&#13;    Deficit&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;(148,738&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;)&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;N/A&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;/table&gt;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="font: italic 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;Statements of operation&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td colspan="2" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td colspan="2" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td colspan="6" style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid"&gt;For&#13;    the Years Ended December&amp;#160;31,&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td colspan="2" style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid"&gt;2018&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td colspan="2" style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid"&gt;2017&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;Net sales&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"&gt;-&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;N/A&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;Gross Profit&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"&gt;-&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;N/A&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 76%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;Net loss&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 9%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"&gt;(120,065&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 9%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;N/A&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;Share of loss from investments accounted for using&#13;    the equity method&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"&gt;(549&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;N/A&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;/table&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#13;    &#13;    &lt;td style="width: 24px; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;(5)&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;Losses&#13;    on Equity Investments&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;/table&gt;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;The&#13;components of losses on equity investments for each period were as follows:&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td colspan="6" style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid"&gt;For&#13;    the Years Ended&lt;br /&gt; December 31,&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td colspan="2" style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid"&gt;2018&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td colspan="2" style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid"&gt;2017&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 76%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;Share of equity method investee losses&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 9%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"&gt;(549&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 9%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;N/A&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;Impairments&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"&gt;(2,549,451&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;N/A&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; padding-bottom: 4pt; padding-left: 0.125in"&gt;Total losses on equity investments&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 4pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"&gt;(2,550,000&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 4pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 4pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;N/A&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 4pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;/table&gt;</abvcd:LongTermInvestmentTextBlock>
    <abvcd:ScheduleOfOwnershipPercentagesOfInvesteeTableTextBlocks contextRef="From2019-01-01to2019-03-31">&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.25in"&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: center; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td colspan="6" style="text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid"&gt;&lt;b&gt;Ownership percentage&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: center; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td&gt;&lt;b&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;b&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td colspan="2" style="text-align: center"&gt;&lt;b&gt;March&amp;#160;31,&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;b&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;b&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td colspan="2" style="text-align: center"&gt;&lt;b&gt;December&amp;#160;31,&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;b&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;b&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: center"&gt;&lt;b&gt;Accounting&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid"&gt;&lt;b&gt;Name of related party&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td colspan="2" style="text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid"&gt;&lt;b&gt;2019&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td colspan="2" style="text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid"&gt;&lt;b&gt;2018&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid"&gt;&lt;b&gt;treatment&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 61%; text-align: left"&gt;Braingenesis Biotechnology Co., Ltd.&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 9%; text-align: right"&gt;0.17&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;%&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 9%; text-align: right"&gt;0.17&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;%&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 14%; text-align: center"&gt;Cost Method&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;Genepharm Biotech Corporation&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;0.72&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;%&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;0.72&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;%&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: center"&gt;Cost Method&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;BioHopeKing Corporation&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;7.13&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;%&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;7.13&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;%&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: center"&gt;Cost Method&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;BioFirst Corporation&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;16.14&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;%&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;15.84&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;%&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: center"&gt;Equity Method&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td&gt;Rgene&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;31.63&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;%&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;31.62&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;%&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: center"&gt;Equity Method&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;/table&gt;</abvcd:ScheduleOfOwnershipPercentagesOfInvesteeTableTextBlocks>
    <abvcd:ScheduleOfOwnershipPercentagesOfInvesteeTableTextBlocks contextRef="From2018-01-01to2018-12-31">&lt;table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom"&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: center; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td colspan="6" style="text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid"&gt;&lt;b&gt;Ownership percentage&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: center; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td colspan="2" style="text-align: center"&gt;&lt;b&gt;December&amp;#160;31,&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td colspan="2" style="text-align: center"&gt;&lt;b&gt;December&amp;#160;31,&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: center"&gt;&lt;b&gt;Accounting&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid"&gt;&lt;b&gt;Name of related party&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td colspan="2" style="text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid"&gt;&lt;b&gt;2018&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td colspan="2" style="text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid"&gt;&lt;b&gt;2017&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid"&gt;&lt;b&gt;treatment&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 61%; text-align: left"&gt;Rgene Corporation&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 9%; text-align: right"&gt;23.90&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;%&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 9%; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;N/A&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 14%; text-align: center; padding-left: 5.4pt; white-space: nowrap"&gt;Equity Method&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;/table&gt;</abvcd:ScheduleOfOwnershipPercentagesOfInvesteeTableTextBlocks>
    <abvcd:ScheduleOfExtentInvesteeReliesTableTextBlock contextRef="From2019-01-01to2019-03-31">&lt;p style="margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse"&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="white-space: nowrap; width: 30%; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;b&gt;Name&#13;    of related party&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 1%; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 69%; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: center; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;b&gt;The&#13;    extent the investee relies on the Company for its business&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="white-space: nowrap; vertical-align: bottom; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;Braingenesis Biotechnology Co., Ltd.&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="white-space: nowrap; vertical-align: bottom; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;No specific business relationship&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="background-color: White"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="white-space: nowrap; vertical-align: bottom; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;Genepharm Biotech Corporation&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="white-space: nowrap; vertical-align: bottom; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;No specific business relationship&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="white-space: nowrap; vertical-align: bottom; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;BioHopeKing Corporation&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="white-space: nowrap; vertical-align: bottom; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;Collaborating with the Company to develop and commercialize drugs&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="background-color: White"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="white-space: nowrap; vertical-align: bottom; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;BioFirst Corporation&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="white-space: nowrap; vertical-align: bottom; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;Loaned from the investee and provides research and development support service&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="white-space: nowrap; vertical-align: bottom; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;Rgene&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="white-space: nowrap; vertical-align: bottom; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;Collaborating with the Company to develop and commercialize drugs&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;/table&gt;</abvcd:ScheduleOfExtentInvesteeReliesTableTextBlock>
    <abvcd:ScheduleOfExtentInvesteeReliesTableTextBlock contextRef="From2018-01-01to2018-12-31">&lt;table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-collapse: collapse"&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="white-space: nowrap; width: 35%; border-bottom: black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;b&gt;Name&#13;    of related party&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 64%; border-bottom: black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;b&gt;The&#13;    extent the investee relies on the Company for its business&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="white-space: nowrap; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;Rgene&#13;    Corporation&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="white-space: nowrap; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;Collaborating&#13;    with the Company to develop and commercialize drugs&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;/table&gt;</abvcd:ScheduleOfExtentInvesteeReliesTableTextBlock>
    <abvcd:ScheduleOfLongTermInvestmentTableTextBlock contextRef="From2019-01-01to2019-03-31">&lt;p style="margin: 0pt"&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td colspan="2" style="font-weight: bold; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid"&gt;March&amp;#160;31,&lt;br /&gt; 2019&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td colspan="2" style="font-weight: bold; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid"&gt;December&amp;#160;31,&lt;br /&gt; 2018&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td colspan="2" style="font-weight: bold; text-align: center"&gt;(Unaudited)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td colspan="2"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td&gt;Non-marketable Cost Method Investments, net&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td colspan="2"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td colspan="2"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 76%; text-align: left; padding-left: 0.125in"&gt;Braingenesis Biotechnology Co., Ltd.&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 9%; text-align: right"&gt;7,147&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 9%; text-align: right"&gt;7,213&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left; padding-left: 0.125in"&gt;Genepharm Biotech Corporation&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;21,819&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;22,021&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; padding-left: 0.125in"&gt;BioHopeKing Corporation&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;1,938,480&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;1,956,429&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; padding-left: 0.25in"&gt;Sub total&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;1,967,446&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;1,985,663&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;Equity Method Investments, net&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left; padding-left: 0.125in"&gt;BioFirst Corporation&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;1,440,317&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;1,502,506&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; padding-left: 0.125in"&gt;Rgene Corporation&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;-&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;-&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="padding-bottom: 4pt; padding-left: 0.25in"&gt;Total&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 4pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; text-align: right"&gt;3,407,763&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 4pt; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 4pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; text-align: right"&gt;3,488,169&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 4pt; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;/table&gt;&#13;&lt;p style="margin: 0pt"&gt;&lt;/p&gt;</abvcd:ScheduleOfLongTermInvestmentTableTextBlock>
    <abvcd:ScheduleOfLongTermInvestmentTableTextBlock contextRef="From2018-01-01to2018-12-31">&lt;table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom"&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td colspan="2" style="text-align: center"&gt;&lt;b&gt;December&amp;#160;31,&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td colspan="2" style="text-align: center"&gt;&lt;b&gt;December&amp;#160;31,&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td colspan="2" style="text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid"&gt;&lt;b&gt;2018&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td colspan="2" style="text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid"&gt;&lt;b&gt;2017&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left; width: 76%"&gt;Equity Method Investments, net of impairment&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left; width: 1%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right; width: 9%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left; width: 1%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left; width: 1%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right; width: 9%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left; width: 1%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; padding-left: 0.125in"&gt;Rgene Corporation&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;&amp;#160;&amp;#160;&amp;#160;&amp;#160;&amp;#160;&amp;#160;&amp;#160;-&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;N/A&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="padding-bottom: 4pt; padding-left: 0.25in"&gt;Total&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 4pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; text-align: right"&gt;-&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 4pt; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 4pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;N/A&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 4pt; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;/table&gt;</abvcd:ScheduleOfLongTermInvestmentTableTextBlock>
    <srt:ScheduleOfCondensedBalanceSheetTableTextBlock contextRef="From2019-01-01to2019-03-31_custom_RgeneCorporationMember">&lt;table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom"&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td colspan="2" style="font-weight: bold; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid"&gt;March&amp;#160;31,&lt;br /&gt;&#13; 2019&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td colspan="2" style="font-weight: bold; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid"&gt;December&amp;#160;31, &lt;br /&gt;&#13;2018&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td colspan="2" style="font-weight: bold; text-align: right"&gt;(Unaudited)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td colspan="2" style="text-align: right"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 76%; text-align: left"&gt;Current Assets&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 9%; text-align: right"&gt;94,305&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 9%; text-align: right"&gt;98,168&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;Noncurrent Assets&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;39,541&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;14,779&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;Current Liabilities&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;292,588&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;261,685&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;Noncurrent Liabilities&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;11,424&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;-&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;Shareholders' Equity (Deficit)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;(170,166&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;(148,738&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;/table&gt;</srt:ScheduleOfCondensedBalanceSheetTableTextBlock>
    <srt:ScheduleOfCondensedBalanceSheetTableTextBlock contextRef="From2019-01-01to2019-03-31_custom_BioFirstAustraliaMember">&lt;p style="margin: 0pt"&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td colspan="2" style="font-weight: bold; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid"&gt;March 31,&lt;br /&gt; 2019&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td colspan="2" style="font-weight: bold; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid"&gt;December&amp;#160;31,&lt;br /&gt; 2018&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td colspan="2" style="font-weight: bold; text-align: center"&gt;(Unaudited)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td colspan="2" style="text-align: right"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 76%; text-align: left"&gt;Current Assets&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 9%; text-align: right"&gt;7,324,390&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 9%; text-align: right"&gt;7,551,898&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;Noncurrent Assets&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;1,639,340&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;1,608,460&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;Current Liabilities&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;1,805,325&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;1,648,206&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;Noncurrent Liabilities&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;36,502&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;-&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;Shareholders' Equity&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;7,121,903&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;7,512,152&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;/table&gt;&#13;&lt;p style="margin: 0pt"&gt;&lt;/p&gt;</srt:ScheduleOfCondensedBalanceSheetTableTextBlock>
    <srt:ScheduleOfCondensedIncomeStatementTableTextBlock contextRef="From2019-01-01to2019-03-31_custom_RgeneCorporationMember">&lt;p style="margin: 0pt"&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td colspan="6" style="font-weight: bold; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid"&gt;Three Months Ended &lt;br /&gt; March&amp;#160;31,&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td colspan="2" style="font-weight: bold; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid"&gt;2019&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td colspan="2" style="font-weight: bold; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid"&gt;2018&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td colspan="6" style="font-weight: bold; text-align: center"&gt;(Unaudited)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;Net sales&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;-&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;-&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;Gross Profit&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;-&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;-&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 76%; text-align: left"&gt;Net loss&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 9%; text-align: right"&gt;(22,662&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 9%; text-align: right"&gt;(36,041&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;Share of loss from investments accounted for using the equity method&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;-&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;-&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;/table&gt;&#13;&lt;p style="margin: 0pt"&gt;&lt;/p&gt;</srt:ScheduleOfCondensedIncomeStatementTableTextBlock>
    <srt:ScheduleOfCondensedIncomeStatementTableTextBlock contextRef="From2019-01-01to2019-03-31_custom_BioFirstAustraliaMember">&lt;p style="margin: 0"&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td colspan="6" style="font-weight: bold; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid"&gt;Three Months Ended&lt;br /&gt;&#13; March&amp;#160;31,&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td colspan="2" style="font-weight: bold; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid"&gt;2019&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td colspan="2" style="font-weight: bold; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid"&gt;2018&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td colspan="6" style="font-weight: bold; text-align: center"&gt;(Unaudited)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 76%; text-align: left"&gt;Net sales&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 9%; text-align: right"&gt;10,334&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 9%; text-align: right"&gt;10,022&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;Gross profit&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;1,882&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;2,372&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;Net loss&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;(307,034&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;(178,294&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;Share of losses from investments accounted for using the equity method&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;(66,205&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;(38,567&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;/table&gt;</srt:ScheduleOfCondensedIncomeStatementTableTextBlock>
    <us-gaap:EquityMethodInvestmentsTextBlock contextRef="From2019-01-01to2019-03-31">&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td colspan="6" style="font-weight: bold; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid"&gt;Three Months Ended &lt;br /&gt;&#13;Mar&amp;#160;31,&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td colspan="2" style="font-weight: bold; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid"&gt;2019&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td colspan="2" style="font-weight: bold; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid"&gt;2018&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td colspan="6" style="font-weight: bold; text-align: center"&gt;(Unaudited)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 76%; text-align: left"&gt;Share of equity method investee losses&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 9%; text-align: right"&gt;(66,205&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 9%; text-align: right"&gt;(38,567&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;Impairments&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;-&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;-&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left; padding-bottom: 4pt; padding-left: 0.125in"&gt;Total losses on equity investments&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 4pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; text-align: right"&gt;(66,205&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 4pt; text-align: left"&gt;)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 4pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; text-align: right"&gt;(38,567&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 4pt; text-align: left"&gt;)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;/table&gt;</us-gaap:EquityMethodInvestmentsTextBlock>
    <us-gaap:ScheduleOfShortTermDebtTextBlock contextRef="From2019-01-01to2019-03-31">&lt;table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td colspan="2" style="font-weight: bold; text-align: center"&gt;March&amp;#160;31,&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td colspan="2" style="font-weight: bold; text-align: center"&gt;December&amp;#160;31,&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td colspan="2" style="font-weight: bold; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid"&gt;2019&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td colspan="2" style="font-weight: bold; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid"&gt;2018&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 76%; text-align: justify"&gt;Cathay United Bank&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 9%; text-align: right"&gt;243,000&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 9%; text-align: right"&gt;245,250&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: justify"&gt;CTBC Bank&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;648,000&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;654,000&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: justify; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;Cathay Bnak&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;1,000,000&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;-&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: justify; padding-bottom: 4pt"&gt;Total&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 4pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; text-align: right"&gt;1,891,000&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 4pt; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 4pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; text-align: right"&gt;899,250&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 4pt; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;/table&gt;</us-gaap:ScheduleOfShortTermDebtTextBlock>
    <us-gaap:ScheduleOfMaturitiesOfLongTermDebtTableTextBlock contextRef="From2019-01-01to2019-03-31">&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="white-space: nowrap"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; white-space: nowrap"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td colspan="2" style="font-weight: bold; text-align: center; white-space: nowrap"&gt;March&amp;#160;31,&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; white-space: nowrap"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; white-space: nowrap"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td colspan="2" style="font-weight: bold; text-align: center; white-space: nowrap"&gt;December&amp;#160;31,&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; white-space: nowrap"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td colspan="2" style="font-weight: bold; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid"&gt;2019&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td colspan="2" style="font-weight: bold; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid"&gt;2018&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 76%; text-align: justify"&gt;Cathay United Bank&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 9%; text-align: right"&gt;45,076&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 9%; text-align: right"&gt;55,092&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: justify; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;Less: current portion of long-term bank loan&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;(39,688&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;(39,835&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: justify; padding-bottom: 4pt"&gt;Total&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 4pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; text-align: right"&gt;5,388&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 4pt; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 4pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; text-align: right"&gt;15,257&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 4pt; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;/table&gt;</us-gaap:ScheduleOfMaturitiesOfLongTermDebtTableTextBlock>
    <us-gaap:ShortTermBorrowings contextRef="AsOf2019-03-31_custom_CathayUnitedBankMember" unitRef="USD" decimals="0">243000</us-gaap:ShortTermBorrowings>
    <us-gaap:ShortTermBorrowings contextRef="AsOf2018-12-31_custom_CathayUnitedBankMember" unitRef="USD" decimals="0">245250</us-gaap:ShortTermBorrowings>
    <us-gaap:ShortTermBorrowings contextRef="AsOf2019-03-31_custom_CTBCBankMember" unitRef="USD" decimals="0">648000</us-gaap:ShortTermBorrowings>
    <us-gaap:ShortTermBorrowings contextRef="AsOf2018-12-31_custom_CTBCBankMember" unitRef="USD" decimals="0">654000</us-gaap:ShortTermBorrowings>
    <us-gaap:ShortTermBorrowings contextRef="AsOf2019-03-31_custom_CathayBnakMember" unitRef="USD" decimals="0">1000000</us-gaap:ShortTermBorrowings>
    <us-gaap:ShortTermBorrowings contextRef="AsOf2018-12-31_custom_CathayBnakMember" unitRef="USD" xsi:nil="true" />
    <us-gaap:ShortTermBorrowings contextRef="AsOf2018-12-31_custom_CathayUnitedLoanAgreementMember" unitRef="USD" decimals="0">1891000</us-gaap:ShortTermBorrowings>
    <us-gaap:ShortTermBorrowings contextRef="AsOf2019-03-31_custom_CathayUnitedLoanAgreementMember" unitRef="USD" decimals="0">1891000</us-gaap:ShortTermBorrowings>
    <us-gaap:LongTermDebt contextRef="AsOf2018-12-31_custom_CathayUnitedLoanAgreementMember" unitRef="USD" decimals="0">55092</us-gaap:LongTermDebt>
    <us-gaap:LongTermDebt contextRef="AsOf2019-03-31_custom_CathayUnitedLoanAgreementMember" unitRef="USD" decimals="0">45076</us-gaap:LongTermDebt>
    <us-gaap:LongTermDebtCurrent contextRef="AsOf2018-12-31_custom_CathayUnitedLoanAgreementMember" unitRef="USD" decimals="0">39835</us-gaap:LongTermDebtCurrent>
    <us-gaap:LongTermDebtCurrent contextRef="AsOf2019-03-31_custom_CathayUnitedLoanAgreementMember" unitRef="USD" decimals="0">39688</us-gaap:LongTermDebtCurrent>
    <us-gaap:LongTermDebtNoncurrent contextRef="AsOf2018-12-31_custom_CathayUnitedLoanAgreementMember" unitRef="USD" decimals="0">15257</us-gaap:LongTermDebtNoncurrent>
    <us-gaap:LongTermDebtNoncurrent contextRef="AsOf2019-03-31_custom_CathayUnitedLoanAgreementMember" unitRef="USD" decimals="0">5388</us-gaap:LongTermDebtNoncurrent>
    <us-gaap:DebtInstrumentTerm contextRef="From2016-06-01to2016-06-28_custom_CathayUnitedLoanAgreementMember">P1Y</us-gaap:DebtInstrumentTerm>
    <us-gaap:DebtInstrumentTerm contextRef="From2017-09-01to2017-09-06_custom_CathayUnitedLoanAgreementMember">P1Y</us-gaap:DebtInstrumentTerm>
    <us-gaap:DebtInstrumentTerm contextRef="From2018-09-25to2018-10-01_custom_CathayUnitedLoanAgreementMember">P1Y</us-gaap:DebtInstrumentTerm>
    <us-gaap:DebtInstrumentTerm contextRef="From2017-07-01to2017-07-19_custom_CTBCLoanAgreementsMember">P1Y</us-gaap:DebtInstrumentTerm>
    <us-gaap:DebtInstrumentTerm contextRef="From2017-06-01to2017-06-12_custom_CTBCLoanAgreementsMember">P1Y</us-gaap:DebtInstrumentTerm>
    <us-gaap:DebtInstrumentTerm contextRef="From2019-01-01to2019-03-31_custom_CathayUnitedBankMember_custom_AprilThirtyTwoThousandTenMember">P7Y</us-gaap:DebtInstrumentTerm>
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For the comparative periods prior to adoption, the Company presented the disclosures which were required under ASC&#13;840.&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;The&#13;Company applied the following practical expedients in the transition to the new standard and allowed under ASC 842:&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 24px; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 24px; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#9679;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;Reassessment&#13;    of expired or existing contracts: The Company elected not to reassess, at the application date, whether any expired or existing&#13;    contracts contained leases, the lease classification for any expired or existing leases, and the accounting for initial direct&#13;    costs for any existing leases.&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;/table&gt;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 24px; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 24px; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#9679;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;Use&#13;    of hindsight: The Company elected to use hindsight in determining the lease term (that is, when considering options to extend&#13;    or terminate the lease and to purchase the underlying asset) and in assessing impairment of right-to-use assets.&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;/table&gt;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 24px; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 24px; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#9679;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;Reassessment&#13;    of existing or expired land easements: The Company elected not to evaluate existing or expired land easements that were not&#13;    previously accounted for as leases under ASC 840, as allowed under the transition practical expedient. Going forward, new&#13;    or modified land easements will be evaluated under ASU No. 2016-02.&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;/table&gt;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 24px; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 24px; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#9679;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;Separation&#13;    of lease and non- lease components: Lease agreements that contain both lease and non-lease components are generally accounted&#13;    for separately.&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;/table&gt;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 24px; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 24px; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#9679;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;Short-term&#13;    lease recognition exemption: The Company also elected the short-term lease recognition exemption and will not recognize ROU&#13;    assets or lease liabilities for leases with a term less than 12 months.&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;/table&gt;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;The&#13;new leasing standard requires recognition of leases on the consolidated balance sheets as right-of-use ("ROU") assets&#13;and lease liabilities. ROU assets represent the Company's right to use underlying assets for the lease terms and lease liabilities&#13;represent the Company's obligation to make lease payments arising from the leases. Operating lease ROU assets and operating&#13;lease liabilities are recognized based on the present value and future minimum lease payments over the lease term at commencement&#13;date. The Company's future minimum based payments used to determine the Company's lease liabilities mainly include&#13;minimum based rent payments. As most of Company's leases do not provide an implicit rate, the Company uses its estimated&#13;incremental borrowing rate based on the information available at commencement date in determining the present value of lease payments.&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;The&#13;Company recognized lease liabilities, with corresponding ROU assets, based on the present value of unpaid lease payments for existing&#13;operating leases longer than twelve months as of January 1, 2019. The ROU assets were adjusted per ASC 842 transition guidance&#13;for existing lease-related balances of accrued and prepaid rent, unamortized lease incentives provided by lessors, and restructuring&#13;liabilities.&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;The&#13;adoption of ASC 842 had a substantial impact on the Company's consolidated balance sheets. The most significant impact was&#13;the recognition of the operating lease right-of-use assets and the liability for operating leases. Accordingly, adoption of this&#13;standard resulted in the recognition of operating lease right-of-use assets of $577,830 and operating lease liabilities of $598,937&#13;comprised of $301,105 of current operating lease liabilities and $297,832 of non-current operating lease liabilities on the condensed&#13;consolidated balance sheet as of January 1, 2019. The adoption of ASC 842 also resulted in a cumulative-effect adjustment of $(21,107)&#13;to the opening balance of accumulated deficit.&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;In&#13;addition, the adoption of the standard did not have a material impact on the Company's results of operations or cash flows.&#13;Operating lease cost is recognized as a single lease cost on a straight-line basis over the lease term and is recorded in Selling,&#13;general and administrative expenses. Variable lease payments for common area maintenance, property taxes and other operating expenses&#13;are recognized as expense in the period when the changes in facts and circumstances on which the variable lease payments are based&#13;occur.&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;The&#13;Company has no finance leases. The Company's leases primarily include various office and laboratory spaces, copy machine,&#13;and vehicles under various operating lease arrangements. The Company's operating leases have remaining lease terms of up&#13;to approximately two years.&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td colspan="2" style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid"&gt;Mar&#13;    31,&lt;br /&gt; 2019&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;ASSETS&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td colspan="2" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 88%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; padding-left: 9pt"&gt;Operating lease right-of-use&#13;    assets&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 9%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"&gt;505,305&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;LIABILITIES&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;Operating lease liabilities (current)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"&gt;286,212&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;Operating lease liabilities (noncurrent)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"&gt;239,647&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;/table&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;i&gt;Supplemental&#13;Information&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;The&#13;table below presents supplemental information related to operating leases during the&amp;#160;three months ended March 31, 2019&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-collapse: collapse"&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 89%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;Cash&#13;    paid for amounts included in the measurement of operating lease liabilities&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;$&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 8%; text-align: right; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;73,802&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: white; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;Weighted&#13;    average remaining lease term&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: right; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;1.86&#13;    years&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;Weighted&#13;    average discount rate&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: right; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;0.55&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;%&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;/table&gt;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;The&#13;minimum future annual payments under non-cancellable leases during the next five years and thereafter, at rates now in force,&#13;are as follows:&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-collapse: collapse"&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;b&gt;Operating&#13;    leases&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 89%; text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;b&gt;2019&#13;    (excluding the three months ended March 31, 2019)&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;$&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 8%; text-align: right; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;228,117&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: white; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;b&gt;2020&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: right; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;258,642&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;b&gt;2021&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: right; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;41,240&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: white; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;b&gt;Total&#13;    future minimum lease payments, undiscounted&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: right; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;527,999&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;b&gt;Less:&#13;    Imputed interest&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: right; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;(2,140&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;)&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: white; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;b&gt;Present&#13;    value of future minimum lease payments&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;$&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: right; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;525,859&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;/table&gt;</abvcd:LeaseTextBlock>
    <abvcd:ScheduleOfOperatingLeaseArrangementsTableTextBlock contextRef="From2019-01-01to2019-03-31">&lt;p style="margin: 0pt"&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td colspan="2" style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid"&gt;Mar&#13;    31,&lt;br /&gt; 2019&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;ASSETS&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td colspan="2" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 88%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; padding-left: 9pt"&gt;Operating lease right-of-use&#13;    assets&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 9%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"&gt;505,305&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;LIABILITIES&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;Operating lease liabilities (current)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"&gt;286,212&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;Operating lease liabilities (noncurrent)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"&gt;239,647&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;/table&gt;&#13;&lt;p style="margin: 0pt"&gt;&lt;/p&gt;</abvcd:ScheduleOfOperatingLeaseArrangementsTableTextBlock>
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background-color: #CCEEFF; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 89%; text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;b&gt;2019&#13;    (excluding the three months ended March 31, 2019)&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;$&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 8%; text-align: right; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;228,117&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: white; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;b&gt;2020&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: right; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;258,642&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;b&gt;2021&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: right; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;41,240&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: white; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#13; 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    <abvcd:Consultingagreementdescription contextRef="From2016-09-15to2016-10-02_us-gaap_CollaborativeArrangementMember">The Company agreed to indemnify the consultant in an amount of $150 per hour in cash up to $3,000 per month, and issue to Kameyama the Company's Common Stock at $1.00 per share for any amount exceeding $3,000.</abvcd:Consultingagreementdescription>
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    <us-gaap:AllocatedShareBasedCompensationExpense contextRef="From2018-01-01to2018-12-31_custom_EuroAsiaAgreementMember" unitRef="USD" decimals="0">0</us-gaap:AllocatedShareBasedCompensationExpense>
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    <us-gaap:AllocatedShareBasedCompensationExpense contextRef="From2018-01-01to2018-12-31_custom_KimhoAgreementMember" unitRef="USD" decimals="0">0</us-gaap:AllocatedShareBasedCompensationExpense>
    <us-gaap:AllocatedShareBasedCompensationExpense contextRef="From2017-01-01to2017-12-31_custom_KimhoAgreementMember" unitRef="USD" decimals="0">90000</us-gaap:AllocatedShareBasedCompensationExpense>
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    <abvcd:FinancialAmendmentDescription contextRef="From2019-01-01to2019-03-31">The Company filed a Certificate of Amendment with the Secretary of State of Nevada, which was effective May 8, 2019 upon its receipt of the written notice from Financial Industry Regulatory Authority ("FINRA"). Pursuant to the Certificate of Amendment, the Company effectuated a 1-for-18 reverse stock split of its issued and outstanding shares of common stock, $0.001 par value, whereby 318,485,252 outstanding shares of the Company's common stock were exchanged for 17,693,625 shares of the Company's Common Stock. All shares and related financial information in this Form 10-Q reflect this 1-for-18 reverse stock split.</abvcd:FinancialAmendmentDescription>
    <us-gaap:ScheduleOfAccountsNotesLoansAndFinancingReceivableTextBlock contextRef="From2019-01-01to2019-03-31">&lt;p style="margin: 0pt"&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td colspan="2" style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center"&gt;March 31,&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td colspan="2" style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center"&gt;December&amp;#160;31,&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td colspan="2" style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid"&gt;2019&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td colspan="2" style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid"&gt;2018&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 76%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;GenePharm Inc.&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 1%; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 9%; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"&gt;142,265&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 1%; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 9%; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"&gt;&amp;#160;&amp;#160;&amp;#160;&amp;#160;&amp;#160;&amp;#160;&amp;#160;-&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 4pt; padding-left: 9pt"&gt;Total&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 4pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"&gt;142,265&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 4pt; font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 4pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"&gt;-&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 4pt; font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;/table&gt;&#13;&lt;p style="margin: 0pt"&gt;&lt;/p&gt;</us-gaap:ScheduleOfAccountsNotesLoansAndFinancingReceivableTextBlock>
    <abvcd:ScheduleOfDueFromRelatedPartiesTableTextBlock contextRef="From2019-01-01to2019-03-31">&lt;p style="margin: 0pt"&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td colspan="2" style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center"&gt;March 31,&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td colspan="2" style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center"&gt;December&amp;#160;31,&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td colspan="2" style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid"&gt;2019&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td colspan="2" style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid"&gt;2018&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 76%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;Rgene Corporation&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 9%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"&gt;17,550&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 9%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"&gt;19,477&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;BioFirst (Australia)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"&gt;40,675&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"&gt;40,000&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 4pt; padding-left: 9pt"&gt;Total&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 4pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"&gt;58,225&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 4pt; font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 4pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"&gt;59,477&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 4pt; font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;/table&gt;&#13;&lt;p style="margin: 0pt"&gt;&lt;/p&gt;</abvcd:ScheduleOfDueFromRelatedPartiesTableTextBlock>
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    <us-gaap:AccountsReceivableRelatedPartiesCurrent contextRef="AsOf2019-03-31_custom_GenePharmIncMember" unitRef="USD" decimals="0">142265</us-gaap:AccountsReceivableRelatedPartiesCurrent>
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(the "BioFirst (Australia)")&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;100%&#13;    owned by BioFirst; Entity controlled by controlling beneficiary shareholder of YuanGene&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;Lion&#13;    Arts Promotion Inc. (the "LION")&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;Controlling&#13;    shareholder of BioLite Inc.&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; background-color: White"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;LionGene&#13;    Corporation (the "LionGene")&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;Shareholder&#13;    of the Company; entity controlled by controlling beneficiary shareholder of YuanGene&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;Rgene&#13;    Corporation (the "Rgene")&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;Shareholder&#13;    of the Company; entity controlled by controlling beneficiary shareholder of Yuangene&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; background-color: White"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;Yuangene&#13;    Corporation (the "Yuangene")&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;Controlling&#13;    beneficiary shareholder of the Company&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;AsianGene&#13;    Corporation (the "AsianGene")&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;Shareholder;&#13;    entity controlled by controlling beneficiary shareholder of Yuangene&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; background-color: White"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;Keypoint&#13;    Technology Ltd. (the "Keypoint')&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;The&#13;    Chairman of Keypoint is Eugene Jiang's mother.&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;Yoshinobu&#13;    Odaira (the "Odaira")&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;Director&#13;    of the Company&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; background-color: White"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;GenePharm&#13;    Inc. (the "GenePharm")&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;Mr.&#13;    George Lee, the Director and Chairman of Biokey, is the Chairman of Genepharm.&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;Mr.&#13;    Tsung-Shann Jiang, Ms. Shu-Ling Jiang and Mr. Eugene Jiang (the "Jiangs")&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;Mr.&#13;                                         Tsung-Shann Jiang, the controlling beneficiary shareholder of the Company and Rgene,&#13;                                         the chairman and CEO of the BioLite Inc. and the President and a member of board of directors&#13;                                         of BioFirst,&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;        &lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;Ms.&#13;        Shu-Ling Jiang, Mr. Tsung-Shann Jiang's wife, is a member of board of directors of the Company and the chairman&#13;        of LION and BioFirst.&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;        &lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;Mr.&#13;        Eugene Jiang is Mr. and Ms. Jiang's son. Mr. Eugene Jiang is the chairman, and majority shareholder of the Company&#13;        and a member of board of directors of BioLite Inc.&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;/table&gt;&#13;&lt;p style="margin: 0pt"&gt;&lt;/p&gt;</us-gaap:ScheduleOfRelatedPartyTransactionsTableTextBlock>
    <us-gaap:ScheduleOfRelatedPartyTransactionsTableTextBlock contextRef="From2018-01-01to2018-12-31">&lt;table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-collapse: collapse"&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="background-color: white; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="vertical-align: top; width: 51%; border-bottom: black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;b&gt;Name&#13;    of entity or Individual&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 48%; border-bottom: black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;b&gt;Relationship&#13;    with the Company and its subsidiaries&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="background-color: #CCEEFF; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;BioLite&#13;    Inc.&amp;#160;(the "BioLite")&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;Shareholder&#13;    of the Company; entity controlled by controlling beneficiary shareholder of YuanGene&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="background-color: white; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;BioFirst&#13;    Corporation (the "BioFirst")&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;Entity&#13;    controlled by controlling beneficiary shareholder of YuanGene&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="background-color: #CCEEFF; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;BioFirst&#13;    (Australia) Pty Ltd. (the BioFirst (Australia)")&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;100%&#13;    owned by BioFirst; Entity controlled by controlling beneficiary shareholder of YuanGene&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="background-color: white; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;Rgene&#13;    Corporation (the "Rgene")&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;Shareholder&#13;    of the Company; entity controlled by controlling beneficiary shareholder of YuanGene&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="background-color: #CCEEFF; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;LionGene&#13;    Corporation (the "LionGene")&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;Shareholder&#13;    of the Company; entity controlled by controlling beneficiary shareholder of YuanGene&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="background-color: white; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;YuanGene&#13;    Corporation (the "YuanGene")&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;Controlling&#13;    beneficiary shareholder of the Company&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="background-color: #CCEEFF; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;AsianGene&#13;    Corporation (the "AsianGene")&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;Shareholder;&#13;    entity controlled by controlling beneficiary shareholder of YuanGene&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="background-color: white; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;Eugene&#13;    Jiang&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;Former&#13;    President and Chairman&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="background-color: #CCEEFF; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;Keypoint&#13;    Technology Ltd. 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(the "Euro-Asia")&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;Shareholder&#13;    of the Company&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="background-color: white; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;Kimho&#13;    Consultants Co., Ltd. (the "Kimho")&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;Shareholder&#13;    of the Company&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="background-color: #CCEEFF; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;BioKey,&#13;    Inc. (the "BioKey")&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;One&#13;    of wholly-owned subsidiaries of ABVC upon closing of the Mergers on February 8, 2019&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;/table&gt;</us-gaap:ScheduleOfRelatedPartyTransactionsTableTextBlock>
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    <us-gaap:OrganizationConsolidationAndPresentationOfFinancialStatementsDisclosureTextBlock contextRef="From2019-01-01to2019-03-31">&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;b&gt;1.&#13;ORGANIZATION AND DESCRIPTION OF BUSINESS&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;American&#13;BriVision (Holding) Corporation (the "Company" or "Holding entity"), a Nevada corporation, through the&#13;Company's operating entity, American BriVision Corporation (the "BriVision"), which was incorporated in July&#13;2015 in the State of Delaware, engages in biotechnology and focuses on the development of new drugs and innovative medical devices&#13;to fulfill unmet medical needs. The business model of the Company is to integrate research achievements from world-famous institutions&#13;(such as Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center ("MSKCC") and MD Anderson Cancer Center), conduct clinical trials&#13;of translational medicine for Proof of Concept ("POC"), out-license to international pharmaceutical companies, and&#13;exploit global markets. BriVision had to predecessor operations prior to its formation on July 21, 2015.&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;u&gt;Reverse&#13;Merger&lt;/u&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;On&#13;February 8, 2016, a Share Exchange Agreement (the "Share Exchange Agreement") was entered into by and among American&#13;BriVision (Holding) Corporation, American BriVision Corporation&amp;#160;("BriVision"), and Euro-Asia Investment &amp;#38;&#13;Finance Corp. Limited, a company incorporated under the laws of Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of the People's&#13;Republic of China ("Euro-Asia"), being the owners of record of 164,387,376 (52,336,000 pre-stock split) shares of&#13;Common Stock of the Company, and the owners of record of all of the issued share capital of BriVision (the&amp;#160;"BriVision&#13;Stock").&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;Pursuant&#13;to the Share Exchange Agreement, upon surrender by the BriVision Shareholders and the cancellation by BriVision of the certificates&#13;evidencing the BriVision Stock as registered in the name of each BriVision Shareholder, and pursuant to the registration of the&#13;Company in the register of members maintained by BriVision as the new holder of the BriVision Stock and the issuance of the certificates&#13;evidencing the aforementioned registration of the BriVision Stock in the name of the Company, the Company issued 166,273,921(52,936,583&#13;pre-stock split) shares (the&amp;#160;"Acquisition Stock") (subject to adjustment for fractionalized shares as set forth&#13;below) of the Company's Common Stock to the BriVision Shareholders (or their designees), and 163,159,952 (51,945,225 pre-stock&#13;split) shares of the Company's Common Stock owned by Euro-Asia were cancelled and retired to treasury. The Acquisition Stock&#13;collectively represented 79.70% of the issued and outstanding Common Stock of the Company immediately after the Closing, in exchange&#13;for the BriVision Stock, representing 100% of the issued share capital of BriVision in a reverse merger (the "Merger").&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;Pursuant&#13;to the Merger, all of the issued and outstanding common shares of BriVision were converted, at an exchange ratio of 0.2536-for-1,&#13;into an aggregate of 166,273,921(52,936,583pre-stock split) common shares of the Company and BriVision had become a wholly owned&#13;subsidiary of the Company. The holders of Company's Common Stock as of immediately prior to the Merger held an aggregate&#13;of 205,519,223(65,431,144 pre-stock split) shares of Company's Common Stock.&amp;#160;Because of the exchange of the BriVision&#13;Stock for the Acquisition Stock (the&amp;#160;"Share Exchange"), BriVision had become a wholly owned subsidiary (the "Subsidiary")&#13;of the Company and there was a change of control of the Company following the closing. There were no warrants, options or other&#13;equity instruments issued in connection with the share exchange agreement.&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;Upon&#13;the consummation of the Share Exchange,&amp;#160;BriVision&amp;#160;became our wholly owned subsidiary of the Company.&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;Following&#13;the Share Exchange, we have abandoned our prior business plan and we are now pursuing&amp;#160;BriVision's&amp;#160;historically&#13;proposed businesses, which focus on the development of new drugs and innovative medical devices to fulfill unmet medical needs.&#13;The business model of the Company is to integrate research achievements from world-famous institutions, conduct clinical trials&#13;of translational medicine for Proof of Concept ("POC"), out-license to international pharmaceutical companies, and&#13;explore global markets.&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 40.2pt"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&amp;#160;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;u&gt;Accounting&#13;Treatment of the Reverse Merger&lt;/u&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;For&#13;financial reporting purposes, the Share Exchange represents a "reverse merger"&amp;#160;rather than a business combination&#13;and BriVision is deemed the accounting acquirer in the transaction. The Share Exchange is being accounted for as a reverse-merger&#13;and recapitalization. BriVision is the acquirer for financial reporting purposes and the Company is the acquired company. Consequently,&#13;the assets and liabilities and the operations reflected in the historical financial statements prior to the Share Exchange will&#13;be those of BriVision and recorded at the historical cost basis of BriVision. In addition, the consolidated financial statements&#13;after completion of the Share Exchange will include the assets and liabilities of the Company and BriVision, and the historical&#13;operations of BriVision and operations of the Combined Company from the closing date of the Share Exchange.&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;u&gt;Merger&lt;/u&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;On&#13;February 8, 2019, the Company, BioLite Holding, Inc. ("BioLite"), BioKey, Inc. ("BioKey"), BioLite Acquisition&#13;Corp., a direct wholly-owned subsidiary of Parent ("Merger Sub 1"), and BioKey Acquisition Corp., a direct wholly-owned&#13;subsidiary of Parent ("Merger Sub 2") (&lt;font style="background-color: white"&gt;collectively referred to as the "Parties")&lt;/font&gt;&amp;#160;completed&#13;the business combination pursuant to the Agreement and Plan of Merger (the "Merger Agreement") dated as of January&#13;31, 2018 where ABVC acquired BioLite and BioKey via issuing additional Common Stock of ABVC to the shareholders of BioLite and&#13;BioKey.&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;Pursuant&#13;to the terms of the Merger Agreement, BioLite and BioKey became two wholly-owned subsidiaries of the Company on February 8, 2019.&#13;ABVC issued an aggregate of 104,558,777 shares (prior to the reverse stock split in 2019) to the shareholders of both BioLite&#13;and BioKey under a registration statement on &lt;a href="http://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/1173313/000121390018009520/fs42018_americanbrivision.htm"&gt;Form S-4&lt;/a&gt; (file number 333-226285), which became effective by operation of law on&#13;or about February 5, 2019.&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;BioLite&#13;Holding, Inc. (the "BioLite Holding") was incorporated under the laws of the State of Nevada on July 27, 2016. BioLite&#13;BVI, Inc. (the "BioLite BVI"), a wholly owned subsidiary of BioLite Holding, was incorporated in the British Virgin&#13;Islands on September 13, 2016. BioLite Holding and BioLite BVI are holding companies and have not carried out substantive business&#13;operations of their own.&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;BioLite,&#13;Inc., (the "BioLite Taiwan") was incorporated on February 13, 2006 under the laws of Taiwan. BioLite is in the business&#13;of developing and commercialization of new botanical drugs with application in central nervous system, autoimmunity, inflammation,&#13;hematology, and oncology. In addition, BioLite Taiwan distributes dietary supplements made from extracts of Chinese herbs and&#13;Maitake mushroom.&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;In&#13;January 2017, BioLite Holding, BioLite BVI, BioLite Taiwan, and certain shareholders of BioLite Taiwan entered into a share purchase&#13;/ exchange agreement (the "BioLite Share Purchase / Exchange Agreement"). Pursuant to the BioLite Share Purchase /&#13;Exchange Agreement, the shareholder participants to the BioLite Share Purchase / Exchange Agreement have sold their equity in&#13;BioLite Taiwan and were using the proceeds from such sales to purchase shares of Common Stock of BioLite Holding at the same price&#13;per share, resulting in their owning the same number of shares of Common Stock as they owned in the BioLite Taiwan. Upon closing&#13;of the Share Purchase/ Exchange Agreement in August 2017, BioLite Holding ultimately owns via BioLite BVI approximately 73% of&#13;BioLite Taiwan. The other shareholders who did not enter this Share Purchase/ Exchange Agreement retain their equity ownership&#13;in BioLite Taiwan.&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;BioKey,&#13;Inc. was incorporated on August 9, 2000 in the State of California. It is engaged primarily in research and development, manufacturing,&#13;and distribution of generic drugs and nutraceuticals with strategic partners. BioKey provides a wide range of services, including,&#13;API characterization, pre-formulation studies, formulation development, analytical method development, stability studies, IND/NDA/ANDA/510K&#13;submissions, and manufacturing clinical trial materials (phase 1 through phase 3) and commercial manufacturing. It also licenses&#13;out its technologies and initiates joint research and development processes with other biotechnology, pharmaceutical, and nutraceutical&#13;companies.&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;u&gt;Accounting&#13;Treatment of the Merger&lt;/u&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;The&#13;Company adopted ASC 805, "Business Combination" to record the merger transactions of BioKey. Since the Company and&#13;BioLite Holding are the entities under Dr. Tsung-Shann Jiang's common control, the transaction is accounted for as a restructuring&#13;transaction.&amp;#160;All the assets and liabilities of BioLite Holding, BioLite BVI, and BioLite Taiwan were transferred to the Company&#13;at their respective carrying amounts on the closing date of the Merger. The Company has recast prior period financial statements&#13;to reflect the conveyance of BioLite Holding's common shares as if the restructuring transaction had occurred as of the&#13;earliest date of the financial statements. All material intercompany accounts, transactions, and profits have been eliminated&#13;in consolidation. The nature of and effects on earnings per share (EPS) of nonrecurring intra-entity transactions involving long-term&#13;assets and liabilities is not required to be eliminated and EPS amounts have been recast to include the earnings (or losses) of&#13;the transferred net assets.&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;</us-gaap:OrganizationConsolidationAndPresentationOfFinancialStatementsDisclosureTextBlock>
    <us-gaap:OrganizationConsolidationAndPresentationOfFinancialStatementsDisclosureTextBlock contextRef="From2018-01-01to2018-12-31">&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;b&gt;1.&#13;ORGANIZATION AND DESCRIPTION OF BUSINESS&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;American&#13;BriVision (Holding) Corporation (the "Company" or "Holding entity"), a Nevada corporation, through the&#13;Company's operating entity, American BriVision Corporation (the "BriVision"), which was incorporated in July&#13;2015 in the State of Delaware, engages in biotechnology and focuses on the development of new drugs and innovative medical devices&#13;to fulfill unmet medical needs. The business model of the Company is to integrate research achievements from world-famous institutions&#13;(such as Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center ("MSKCC") and MD Anderson Cancer Center), conduct clinical trials&#13;of translational medicine for Proof of Concept ("POC"), out-license to international pharmaceutical companies, and&#13;exploit global markets. BriVision had to predecessor operations prior to its formation on July 21, 2015.&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;u&gt;Reverse&#13;Merger&lt;/u&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;On&#13;February 8, 2016, a Share Exchange Agreement (the "Share Exchange Agreement") was entered into by and among American&#13;BriVision (Holding) Corporation, American BriVision Corporation&amp;#160;("BriVision"), and Euro-Asia Investment &amp;#38;&#13;Finance Corp. Limited, a company incorporated under the laws of Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of the People's&#13;Republic of China ("Euro-Asia"), being the owners of record of 164,387,376 (52,336,000 pre-stock split) shares of&#13;Common Stock of the Company, and the owners of record of all of the issued share capital of BriVision (the&amp;#160;"BriVision&#13;Stock").&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;Pursuant&#13;to the Share Exchange Agreement, upon surrender by the BriVision Shareholders and the cancellation by BriVision of the certificates&#13;evidencing the BriVision Stock as registered in the name of each BriVision Shareholder, and pursuant to the registration of the&#13;Company in the register of members maintained by BriVision as the new holder of the BriVision Stock and the issuance of the certificates&#13;evidencing the aforementioned registration of the BriVision Stock in the name of the Company, the Company should issue 166,273,921(52,936,583&#13;pre-stock split) shares (the&amp;#160;"Acquisition Stock") (subject to adjustment for fractionalized shares as set forth&#13;below) of the Company's Common Stock to the BriVision Shareholders (or their designees), and 163,159,952 (51,945,225 pre-stock&#13;split) shares of the Company's Common Stock owned by Euro-Asia should be cancelled and retired to treasury. The Acquisition&#13;Stock collectively should represent 79.70% of the issued and outstanding Common Stock of the Company immediately after the Closing,&#13;in exchange for the BriVision Stock, representing 100% of the issued share capital of BriVision in a reverse merger (the "Merger").&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;Pursuant&#13;to the Merger, all of the issued and outstanding common shares of BriVision were converted, at an exchange ratio of 0.2536-for-1,&#13;into an aggregate of 166,273,921(52,936,583pre-stock split) common shares of the Company and BriVision has become a wholly owned&#13;subsidiary of the Company. The holders of Company's Common Stock as of immediately prior to the Merger held an aggregate&#13;of 205,519,223(65,431,144 pre-stock split) shares of Company's Common Stock.&amp;#160;Because of the exchange of the BriVision&#13;Stock for the Acquisition Stock (the&amp;#160;"Share Exchange"), BriVision has become a wholly owned subsidiary (the "Subsidiary")&#13;of the Company and there was a change of control of the Company following the closing. There were no warrants, options or other&#13;equity instruments issued in connection with the share exchange agreement.&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;Because&amp;#160;of&#13;the consummation of the Share Exchange,&amp;#160;BriVision&amp;#160;is now our wholly owned subsidiary and its shareholders own approximately&amp;#160;79.70%&#13;of our issued and outstanding Common Stock.&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;Following&#13;the Share Exchange, we have abandoned our prior business plan and we are now pursuing&amp;#160;BriVision's&amp;#160;historically&#13;proposed businesses, which focus on the development of new drugs and innovative medical devices to fulfill unmet medical needs.&#13;The business model of the Company is to integrate research achievements from world-famous institutions, conduct clinical trials&#13;of translational medicine for Proof of Concept ("POC"), out-license to international pharmaceutical companies, and&#13;exploit global markets.&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 40.2pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;u&gt;Accounting&#13;Treatment of the Reverse Merger&lt;/u&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;For&#13;financial reporting purposes, the Share Exchange represents a "reverse merger"&amp;#160;rather than a business combination&#13;and&amp;#160;BriVision&amp;#160;is deemed the accounting acquirer in the transaction. The&amp;#160;Share Exchange is being accounted for as&#13;a reverse-merger and recapitalization. BriVision&amp;#160;is the acquirer for financial reporting purposes and the&amp;#160;Company&amp;#160;is&#13;the acquired company. Consequently, the assets and liabilities and the operations reflected in the historical financial statements&#13;prior to the Share Exchange will be those of&amp;#160;BriVision&amp;#160;and recorded at the historical cost basis of&amp;#160;BriVision.&#13;In addition, the consolidated financial statements after completion of the Share Exchange will include the assets and liabilities&#13;of the Company and BriVision, and the historical operations of&amp;#160;BriVision&amp;#160;and operations of the Combined Company from&#13;the closing date of the Share Exchange.&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;u&gt;Merger&lt;/u&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;As&#13;disclosed in a registration statement on &lt;a href="http://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/1173313/000121390018009520/fs42018_americanbrivision.htm"&gt;Form S-4&lt;/a&gt; filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission (the "SEC") on&#13;July 23, 2018, as amended from time to time, the Company, BioLite Holding, Inc. ("BioLite"), BioKey, Inc. ("BioKey"),&#13;BioLite Acquisition Corp., a direct wholly-owned subsidiary of Parent ("Merger Sub 1"), and BioKey Acquisition Corp.,&#13;a direct wholly-owned subsidiary of Parent ("Merger Sub 2") (&lt;font style="background-color: white"&gt;collectively referred&#13;to as the "Parties")&lt;/font&gt;&amp;#160;were in the process of completing business combination pursuant to the Agreement&#13;and Plan of Merger (the "Merger Agreement") dated as of January 31, 2018 where ABVC would acquire BioLite and BioKey&#13;via issuing additional Common Stock of ABVC to the shareholders of BioLite and BioKey.&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;On&#13;February 8, 2019, the Parties of the Merger Agreement consummated the Merger transactions. Pursuant to the terms of the Merger&#13;Agreement, BioLite and BioKey became two wholly-owned subsidiaries of the Company on February 8, 2019. As of the date of this&#13;prospectus, the Company is in the process of issuing shares of its Common Stock as Merger Consideration to the shareholders of&#13;BioLite and BioKey pursuant to the registration statement (the "Registration Statement on S-4") on &lt;a href="http://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/1173313/000121390019000796/fs42018a3_americanbrivision.htm"&gt;Form&amp;#160;S-4&lt;/a&gt; Amendment&#13;No. 3 filed with the SEC on January 16, 2019 which became effective by operation of law on or about February 5, 2019.&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;</us-gaap:OrganizationConsolidationAndPresentationOfFinancialStatementsDisclosureTextBlock>
    <us-gaap:CollaborativeArrangementDisclosureTextBlock contextRef="From2019-01-01to2019-03-31">&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;b&gt;4.&#13;COLLABORATIVE AGREEMENTS&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;u&gt;Collaborative&#13;agreements with BHK&lt;/u&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;(i)&#13;On February 24, 2015, BioLite Taiwan and BioHopeKing Corporation (the "BHK") entered into a co-development agreement,&#13;(the "BHK Co-Development Agreement"), pursuant to which it is collaborative with BHK to develop and commercialize&#13;BLI-1401-2 (Botanical Drug) Triple Negative Breast Cancer (TNBC) Combination Therapy (BLI-1401-2 Products) in Asian countries&#13;excluding Japan for all related intellectual property rights, and has developed it for medicinal use in collaboration with outside&#13;researchers. The development costs shall be shared 50/50 between BHK and the Company. The BHK Co-Development Agreement will remain&#13;in effect for fifteen years from the date of first commercial sale of the Product in in Asia excluding Japan.&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;On&#13;July 27, 2016, BioLite Taiwan and BHK agreed to amend the payment terms of the milestone payment in an aggregate amount of $10&#13;million based on the following schedule:&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%"&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 24px; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 24px; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#9679;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;Upon&#13;    the signing of the BHK Co-Development Agreement: $1 million, or 10% of total payment&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;/table&gt;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 24px; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 24px; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#9679;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;Upon&#13;    the first Investigational New Drug (IND) submission and BioLite Taiwan will deliver all data to BHK according to FDA Reviewing&#13;    requirement: $1 million, or 10% of total payment&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;/table&gt;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%"&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 24px; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 24px; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#9679;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;At&#13;    the completion of first phase II clinical trial: $1 million, or 10% of total payment&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;/table&gt;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%"&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 24px; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 24px; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#9679;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;At&#13;    the initiation of phase III of clinical trial research: $3 million, or 30% of total payment&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;/table&gt;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%"&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 24px; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 24px; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#9679;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;Upon&#13;    the New Drug Application (NDA) submission: $4 million, or 40% of total payment&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;/table&gt;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;In&#13;December 2015, BHK has paid a non-refundable upfront cash payment of $1 million, or 10% of $10,000,000, upon the signing of BHK&#13;Co-Development Agreement. The Company concluded that the deliverables are considered separate units of accounting as the delivered&#13;items have value to the customer on a standalone basis and recognized this cash receipt as collaboration revenue when all research,&#13;technical, and development data was delivered to BHK in 2015. The receipt is for the compensation of past research efforts and&#13;contributions made by BioLite Taiwan before this collaborative agreement was signed and it does not relate to any future commitments&#13;made by BioLite Taiwan and BHK in this collaborative agreement. In August 2016, the Company has received the second milestone&#13;payment of NT$31,649,000, approximately equivalent to $1 million, and recognized collaboration revenue for the year ended December&#13;31, 2016. As of the date of this prospectus, the Company has not completed the first phase II clinical trial.&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;In&#13;addition to the milestone payments, BioLite Taiwan is entitled to receive royalty on 12% of BHK's net sales related to BLI-1401-2&#13;Products. As of March 31, 2019 and December 31, 2018, the Company has not earned the royalty under the BHK Co-Development Agreement.&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;(ii)&#13;On December 9, 2015, BioLite Taiwan entered into another two collaborative agreements (the "BHK Collaborative Agreements"),&#13;pursuant to which it is collaborative with BHK to co-develop and commercialize BLI-1005 for "Targeting Major Depressive&#13;Disorder" (BLI-1005 Products) and BLI-1006 for "Targeting Inflammatory Bowel Disease" (BLI-1006 Products) in&#13;Asia excluding Japan for all related intellectual property rights, and has developed it for medicinal use in collaboration with&#13;outside researchers. The development costs shall be shared 50/50 between BHK and the Company. The BHK Co-Development Agreement&#13;will remain in effect for fifteen years from the date of first commercial sale of the Product in in Asia excluding Japan.&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;In&#13;2015, the Company recognized the cash receipt in a total of NT$50 million, approximately equivalent to $1.6 million, as collaboration&#13;revenue when all research, technical, and development data was delivered to BHK. The Company concluded that the deliverables are&#13;considered separate units of accounting as the delivered items have value to the customer on a standalone basis and recognized&#13;this payment as collaboration revenue when all research, technical, data and development data was delivered to BHK. The cash receipt&#13;is for the compensation of past research efforts and contributions made by BioLite Taiwan before this BHK Collaborative Agreements&#13;was signed and it does not relate to any future commitments made by BioLite Taiwan and BHK in this BHK Collaborative Agreements.&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;In&#13;addition to the total of NT$50 million, approximately equivalent to $1.60 million, BioLite Taiwan is entitled to receive 50% of&#13;the future net licensing income or net sales profit. As of March 31, 2019 and December 31, 2018, the Company has not earned the&#13;royalty under the BHK Collaborative Agreements.&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;u&gt;Co-Development&#13;agreement with Rgene Corporation, a related party&lt;/u&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;On&#13;May 26, 2017, American BriVision Corporation entered into a co-development agreement (the "Co-Dev Agreement") with&#13;Rgene Corporation (the "Rgene"), a related party under common control by controlling beneficiary shareholder of YuanGene&#13;Corporation and the Company (See Note 8). Pursuant to Co-Dev Agreement, BriVision and Rgene agreed to co-develop and commercialize&#13;certain products that are included in the Sixth Product as defined in the Addendum. Under the terms of the Co-Dev Agreement, Rgene&#13;should pay the Company $3,000,000 in cash or stock of Rgene with equivalent value by August 15, 2017. The payment is for the compensation&#13;of BriVision's past research efforts and contributions made by BriVision before the Co-Dev Agreement was signed and it does&#13;not relate to any future commitments made by BriVision and Rgene in this Co-Dev Agreement. Besides of $3,000,000, the Company&#13;is entitled to receive 50% of the future net licensing income or net sales profit earned by Rgene, if any, and any development&#13;cost shall be equally shared by both BriVision and Rgene.&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;On&#13;June 1, 2017, the Company has delivered all research, technical, data and development data to Rgene. Since both Rgene and the&#13;Company are related parties and under common control by a controlling beneficiary shareholder of Yuangene Corporation and the&#13;Company, the Company has recorded the full amount of $3,000,000 in connection with the Co-Dev Agreement as additional paid-in&#13;capital during the year ended September 30, 2017. During the year ended December 31, 2017, the Company has received $450,000 in&#13;cash. On December 24, 2018, the Company received the remaining balance of $2,550,000 in the form of newly issued shares of Rgene's&#13;Common Stock, at the price of NT$50 (approximately equivalent to $1.60 per share), for an aggregate number of 1,530,000 shares,&#13;which accounted for equity method long-term investment as of December 31, 2018. During the year ended December 31, 2018, the Company&#13;has recognized investment loss of $549. On December 31, 2018, the Company has determined to fully write off this investment based&#13;on the Company's assessment of the severity and duration of the impairment, and qualitative and quantitative analysis of&#13;the operating performance of the investee, adverse changes in market conditions and the regulatory or economic environment, changes&#13;in operating structure of Rgene, additional funding requirements, and Rgene's ability to remain in business. However, all&#13;projects that have been initiated and scheduled will be continuously managed and supported by the Company and Rgene.&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;u&gt;Collaborative&#13;agreement with BioFirst Corporation, a related party&lt;/u&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;On&#13;July 24, 2017, American BriVision Corporation entered into a collaborative agreement (the "BioFirst Collaborative Agreement")&#13;with BioFirst Corporation ("BioFirst"), pursuant to which BioFirst granted the Company the global licensing right&#13;for medical use of the product (the "Product"): BFC-1401 Vitreous Substitute for Vitrectomy. BioFirst is a related&#13;party to the Company because a controlling beneficiary shareholder of Yuangene Corporation and the Company is one of the directors&#13;and Common Stock shareholders of BioFirst (See Note 11).&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;Pursuant&#13;to the BioFirst Collaborative Agreement, the Company will co-develop and commercialize the Product with BioFirst and pay BioFirst&#13;in a total amount of $3,000,000 in cash or stock of the Company before September 30, 2018. The amount of $3,000,000 is in connection&#13;with the compensation for BioFirst's past research efforts and contributions made by BioFirst before the BioFirst Collaborative&#13;Agreement was signed and it does not relate to any future commitments made by BioFirst and BriVision in this BioFirst Collaborative&#13;Agreement. In addition, the Company is entitled to receive 50% of the future net licensing income or net sales profit, if any,&#13;and any development cost shall be equally shared by both BriVision and BioFirst.&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;On&#13;September 25, 2017, BioFirst has delivered all research, technical data and development data to BriVision. No payment has been&#13;made by the Company as of the date of this prospectus. The Company determined to fully expense the entire amount of $3,000,000&#13;since currently the related licensing rights do not have alternative future uses. According to ASC 730-10-25-1, absent alternative&#13;future uses the acquisition of product rights to be used in research and development activities must be charged to research and&#13;development expenses immediately. Hence, the entire amount of $3,000,000 is fully expensed as research and development expense&#13;during the year ended September 30, 2017.&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;</us-gaap:CollaborativeArrangementDisclosureTextBlock>
    <us-gaap:CollaborativeArrangementDisclosureTextBlock contextRef="From2018-01-01to2018-12-31">&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;b&gt;4.&amp;#160;COLLABORATIVE&#13;AGREEMENTS&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;u&gt;Collaborative&#13;agreement with BioLite Inc., a related party&lt;/u&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;On&#13;December 29, 2015, American BriVision Corporation entered into a collaborative agreement (the "BioLite Collaborative Agreement")&#13;with BioLite Inc. (the "BioLite"), a related party (See Note 8), pursuant to which BioLite granted BriVision sole&#13;licensing rights for drug and therapeutic use of five products, including BLI-1005 CNS-Major Depressive Disorder, BLI-1008 CNS-Attention&#13;Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder, BLI-1401-1 Anti-Tumor Combination Therapy-Solid Tumor with Anti-PD-1, BLI-1401-2 Anti-Tumor Combination&#13;Therapy-Triple Negative Breast Cancer, and BLI-1501 Hematology-Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia, in the U.S.A and Canada. Under the&#13;BioLite Collaborative Agreement, BriVision should pay a total of $100,000,000 in cash or stock of BriVision with equivalent value,&#13;according to the following schedule:&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0; width: 100%"&gt;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: top; text-align: justify"&gt;&#13;&lt;td style="width: 0.25in"&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 0.25in; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#9679;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;upfront&#13;                                         payment shall upon the signing of this BioLite Collaborative Agreement: 3.5% of total&#13;                                         payment. After receiving upfront payment from BriVision, BioLite has to deliver all data&#13;                                         to BriVision in one week.&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;&lt;/tr&gt;     &lt;tr style="vertical-align: top; text-align: justify"&gt;&#13;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: justify"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;/table&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0; width: 100%"&gt;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: top; text-align: justify"&gt;&#13;&lt;td style="width: 0.25in"&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 0.25in; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#9679;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;upon&#13;                                         the first IND submission, BriVision shall pay, but no later than December 15, 2016: 6.5%&#13;                                         of total payment. After receiving second payment from BriVision, BioLite has to deliver&#13;                                         IND package to BriVision in one week.&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;&lt;/tr&gt;     &lt;tr style="vertical-align: top; text-align: justify"&gt;&#13;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: justify"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;/table&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0; width: 100%"&gt;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: top; text-align: justify"&gt;&#13;&lt;td style="width: 0.25in"&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 0.25in; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#9679;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;at           &#13;                                                                                                                                                                               the completion of first phase II clinical trial, BriVision shall pay: 15% of total payment. After receiving third payment from&#13;                                                                                                                                                                               BriVision,                                          BioLite has to deliver phase II clinical study report to BriVision in&#13;                                                                                                                                                                               three months.&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;&lt;/tr&gt;     &lt;tr style="vertical-align: top; text-align: justify"&gt;&#13;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: justify"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;/table&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0; width: 100%"&gt;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: top; text-align: justify"&gt;&#13;&lt;td style="width: 0.25in"&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 0.25in; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#9679;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;upon         &#13;                                                                                                                                                                               the phase III IND submission, BriVision shall pay: 20% of total payment. After receiving forth payment from BriVision, BioLite&#13;                                                                                                                                                                               has to deliver                                          IND package to BriVision in one week.&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;&lt;/tr&gt;     &lt;tr style="vertical-align: top; text-align: justify"&gt;&#13;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: justify"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;/table&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0; width: 100%"&gt;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: top; text-align: justify"&gt;&#13;&lt;td style="width: 0.25in"&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 0.25in; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#9679;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;at&#13;                                         the completion of phase III, BriVision shall pay: 25%&#13;                                         of total payment. After receiving fifth payment from BriVision, BioLite has to deliver&#13;                                         phase III clinical study report to BriVision in three months.&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;&lt;/tr&gt;     &lt;tr style="vertical-align: top; text-align: justify"&gt;&#13;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: justify"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;/table&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0; width: 100%"&gt;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: top; text-align: justify"&gt;&#13;&lt;td style="width: 0.25in"&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 0.25in; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#9679;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;upon&#13;                                         the NDA submission, BriVision shall pay BriVision&#13;                                         shall pay: 30% of total payment. After receiving sixth payment from BriVision, BioLite&#13;                                         has to deliver NDA package to BriVision in one week.&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;/table&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;This&#13;BioLite Collaborative Agreement shall, once signed by both Parties, remain in effect for fifteen years as of the first commercial&#13;sales of the Product in the Territory and automatically renew for five more years unless either party gives the other party six&#13;month written notice of termination prior to the expiration date of the term.&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;Pursuant&#13;to the BioLite Collaborative Agreement, an upfront payment of $3,500,000 (the "Milestone Payment"), which is 3.5%&#13;of total payments due under the BioLite Collaborative Agreement, was to be paid by the Company upon signing of that agreement.&#13;On May 6, 2016, the Company and BioLite agreed to amend the BioLite Collaborative Agreement, through entry into the Milestone&#13;Payment Agreement, whereby the Company agreed to pay the Milestone Payment to BioLite with $2,600,000 in cash and $900,000 in&#13;the form of newly issued shares of its Common Stock, at the price of $1.60 per share, for an aggregate number of 562,500 shares.&#13;The cash payment and shares issuance were completed in June 2016.&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;Pursuant&#13;to the BioLite Collaborative Agreement, the 6.5% of total payment, $6,500,000 shall be made upon the first IND submission which&#13;was submitted in March 2016. On February 2017, the Company agreed to pay this amount to BioLite with $650,000 in cash and $5,850,000&#13;in the form of newly issued shares of its Common Stock, at the price of $2.0 per share, for an aggregate number of 2,925,000 shares.&#13;The cash payment and shares issuance were completed in February 2017.&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;Pursuant&#13;to the BioLite Collaborative Agreement, the 15% of total payment, $15,000,000 shall be made at the completion of first phase II&#13;clinical trial. As of December 31, 2018, the first phase II clinical trial research has not completed yet.&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;The&#13;Company determined to fully expense the amount of $10,000,000 since currently the related licensing rights do not have&#13;alternative future uses. According to ASC 730-10-25-1, absent alternative future uses the acquisition of product rights to be&#13;used in research and development activities must be charged to research and development expenses immediately. Hence the entire&#13;amount is fully expensed as research and development expense.&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;On&#13;January 12, 2017, the Company entered into an Addendum (the "Addendum") to the BioLite Collaborative Agreement which&#13;was previously entered into with BioLite. Pursuant to the Addendum, the Company and BioLite agreed to include one more product,&#13;namely, "Maitake Combination Therapy" as one of the Products defined in the BioLite Collaborative Agreement (the "Sixth&#13;Product') and defined the Territory of the Sixth Product to be worldwide and restate the Territory of the Five Products&#13;to be the U.S.A and Canada.&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;u&gt;Co-Development&#13;agreement with Rgene Corporation, a related party&lt;/u&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;On&#13;May 26, 2017, American BriVision Corporation entered into a co-development agreement (the "Co-Dev Agreement") with&#13;Rgene Corporation (the "Rgene"), a related party under common control by controlling beneficiary shareholder of YuanGene&#13;Corporation and the Company (See Note 8). Pursuant to Co-Dev Agreement, BriVision and Rgene agreed to co-develop and commercialize&#13;certain products that are included in the Sixth Product as defined in the Addendum. Under the terms of the Co-Dev Agreement, Rgene&#13;should pay the Company $3,000,000 in cash or stock of Rgene with equivalent value by August 15, 2017. The payment is for the compensation&#13;of BriVision's past research efforts and contributions made by BriVision before the Co-Dev Agreement was signed and it does&#13;not relate to any future commitments made by BriVision and Rgene in this Co-Dev Agreement. Besides of $3,000,000, the Company&#13;is entitled to receive 50% of the future net licensing income or net sales profit earned by Rgene, if any, and any development&#13;cost shall be equally shared by both BriVision and Rgene.&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;On&#13;June 1, 2017, the Company has delivered all research, technical, data and development data to Rgene. Since both Rgene and the&#13;Company are related parties and under common control by a controlling beneficiary shareholder of Yuangene Corporation and the&#13;Company, the Company has recorded the full amount of $3,000,000 in connection with the Co-Dev Agreement as additional paid-in&#13;capital during the year ended September 30, 2017. During the year ended December 31, 2017, the Company has received $450,000 in&#13;cash. On December 24, 2018, the Company received the remaining balance of $2,550,000 in the form of newly issued shares of Rgene's&#13;Common Stock, at the price of NT$50 (approximately equivalent to $1.60 per share), for an aggregate number of 1,530,000 shares,&#13;which accounted for equity method long-term investment as of December 31, 2018. During the year ended December 31, 2018, the Company&#13;has recognized investment loss of $549. On December 31, 2018, the Company has determined to fully write off this investment based&#13;on the Company's assessment of the severity and duration of the impairment, and qualitative and quantitative analysis of&#13;the operating performance of the investee, adverse changes in market conditions and the regulatory or economic environment, changes&#13;in operating structure of Rgene, additional funding requirements, and Rgene's ability to remain in business. However, all&#13;projects that have been initiated and scheduled will be continuously managed and supported by the Company and Rgene (See Note&#13;5).&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;u&gt;Collaborative&#13;agreement with BioFirst Corporation, a related party&lt;/u&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;On&#13;July 24, 2017, American BriVision Corporation entered into a collaborative agreement (the "BioFirst Collaborative Agreement")&#13;with BioFirst Corporation ("BioFirst"), pursuant to which BioFirst granted the Company the global licensing right&#13;for medical use of the product (the "Product"): BFC-1401 Vitreous Substitute for Vitrectomy. BioFirst is a related&#13;party to the Company because a controlling beneficiary shareholder of Yuangene Corporation and the Company is one of the directors&#13;and Common Stock shareholders of BioFirst (See Note 8).&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;Pursuant&#13;to the BioFirst Collaborative Agreement, the Company will co-develop and commercialize the Product with BioFirst and pay BioFirst&#13;in a total amount of $3,000,000 in cash or stock of the Company before September 30, 2018. The amount of $3,000,000 is in connection&#13;with the compensation for BioFirst's past research efforts and contributions made by BioFirst before the BioFirst Collaborative&#13;Agreement was signed and it does not relate to any future commitments made by BioFirst and BriVision in this BioFirst Collaborative&#13;Agreement. In addition, the Company is entitled to receive 50% of the future net licensing income or net sales profit, if any,&#13;and any development cost shall be equally shared by both BriVision and BioFirst.&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;On&#13;September 25, 2017, BioFirst has delivered all research, technical, data and development data to BriVision. No payment has been&#13;made by the Company as of the date of this propsectus. The Company determined to fully expense the entire amount of $3,000,000&#13;since currently the related licensing rights do not have alternative future uses. According to ASC 730-10-25-1, absent alternative&#13;future uses the acquisition of product rights to be used in research and development activities must be charged to research and&#13;development expenses immediately. Hence, the entire amount of $3,000,000 is fully expensed as research and development expense&#13;during the year ended September 30, 2017.&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;</us-gaap:CollaborativeArrangementDisclosureTextBlock>
    <abvcd:DisclosureOfBankLoansTextBlock contextRef="From2019-01-01to2019-03-31">&lt;table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0; width: 100%"&gt;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: top; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;td style="width: 0.25in; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;b&gt;9.&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;b&gt;BANK&#13;LOANS&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;/table&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0; width: 100%"&gt;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: top; text-align: justify"&gt;&#13;&lt;td style="width: 0"&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 0.25in; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;(1)&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;Short-term&#13;bank loan consists of the following:&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;/table&gt;&#13;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td colspan="2" style="font-weight: bold; text-align: center"&gt;March&amp;#160;31,&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td colspan="2" style="font-weight: bold; text-align: center"&gt;December&amp;#160;31,&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td colspan="2" style="font-weight: bold; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid"&gt;2019&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td colspan="2" style="font-weight: bold; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid"&gt;2018&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 76%; text-align: justify"&gt;Cathay United Bank&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 9%; text-align: right"&gt;243,000&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 9%; text-align: right"&gt;245,250&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: justify"&gt;CTBC Bank&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;648,000&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;654,000&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: justify; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;Cathay Bnak&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;1,000,000&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;-&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: justify; padding-bottom: 4pt"&gt;Total&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 4pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; text-align: right"&gt;1,891,000&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 4pt; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 4pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; text-align: right"&gt;899,250&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 4pt; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;/table&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;u&gt;Cathay&#13;United Bank&lt;/u&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"&gt;On June 28, 2016, BioLite Taiwan and Cathay&#13;United Bank entered into a one-year bank loan agreement (the "Cathay United Loan Agreement") in an amount of NT$7,500,000,&#13;equivalent to $243,000. The term started June 28, 2016 with maturity date at June 28, 2017. The loan balance bears interest at&#13;a floating rate of prime rate plus 1.15%. The prime rate is based on term deposit saving interest rate of Cathay United Bank. On&#13;September 6, 2017, BioLite Taiwan extended the Cathay United Loan Agreement for one year, which was due on September 6, 2018, with&#13;the principal amount of NT$7,500,000, equivalent to $243,000. On October 1, 2018, BioLite Taiwan extended the Cathay United Loan&#13;Agreement with the same principal amount of NT$7,500,000, equivalent to $243,0050 for one year, which is due on September 6, 2019.&#13;As of March 31, 2019 and December 31, 2018, the effective interest rates per annum were 2.22%. The loan is collateralized by the&#13;building and improvement of BioLite Taiwan, and is also personal guaranteed by the chairman of BioLite Taiwan.&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;Interest&#13;expenses were $1,330 and $1,402 for the three months ended March 31, 2019 and 2018, respectively.&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="margin: 0; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;u&gt;CTBC&#13;Bank&lt;/u&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="margin: 0; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;font style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;On&#13;June 12, 2017 and July 19, 2017, BioLite Taiwan and CTBC Bank entered into short-term saving secured bank loan agreements (the&#13;"CTBC Loan Agreements") in an amount of NT$10,000,000, equivalent to $324,000, and NT$10,000,000, equivalent to $324,000,&#13;respectively. Both two loans with the same maturity date at January 19, 2018. In February 2018, BioLite Taiwan combined two loans&#13;and extended the loan contract with CTBC for one year. On January 18, 2019, BioLite Taiwan and CTBC Bank agreed to extend the&#13;loan with a new maturity date, which is July 18, 2019. The loan balances bear interest at a fixed rate of 1.63% per annum. The&#13;loan is secured by the money deposited in a savings account with the CTBC Bank. This loan is also personal guaranteed by the chairman&#13;of BioLite Taiwan and BioFirst.&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&#13;&#13;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;Interest&#13;expenses were $2,604 and $2,736 for the three months ended March 31, 2019 and 2018, respectively.&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;u&gt;Cathay&#13;Bank&lt;/u&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"&gt;During the three months ended March 31,&#13;2019, the Company received a loan in aggregate of $1,000,000 from Cathay Bank (the "Bank") pursuant to a business loan&#13;agreement (the "Cathay Loan Agreement") entered by and between the Company and Bank on January 8, 2019 and a promissory&#13;note (the "Note") executed by the Company on the same day. The Cathay Loan Agreement provides for a revolving line&#13;of credit in the principal amount of $1,000,000 with a maturity date (the "Maturity Date") of January 1, 2020. The&#13;Note executed in connection with the Cathay Loan Agreement bears an interest rate (the "Regular Interest Rate") equal&#13;to the sum of one percent (1%) and the prime rate as published in the Wall Street Journal (the "Index") and the accrued&#13;interest shall become payable each month from February 1, 2019. Pursuant to the Note, the Company shall pay the entire outstanding&#13;principal plus accrued unpaid interest on the Maturity Date and may prepay portion or all of the Note before the Maturity Date&#13;without penalty. If the Company defaults on the Note, the default interest rate shall become five percent (5%) plus the Regular&#13;Interest Rate.&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"&gt;In connection with the Note and Cathay&#13;Loan Agreement, on January 8, 2019, each of Dr. Tsung Shann Jiang and Dr. George Lee, executed a commercial guaranty (the "Guaranty")&#13;to guaranty the loans for the Company pursuant to the Cathay Loan Agreement and Note, severally and individually, in the amount&#13;not exceeding $500,000 each until the entire Note plus interest are fully paid and satisfied. Dr. Tsung Shann Jiang is the Chairman&#13;and Chief Executive Officer of BioLite Holding, Inc. and Dr. George Lee serves as the Chairman of the board of directors of BioKey,&#13;Inc, which became a wholly-owned subsidiaries of the Company effective by operation of law on or about February 5, 2019.&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&#13;&#13;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"&gt;In addition, on January 8, 2019, each&#13;of the Company and BriVision, a wholly-owned subsidiary of the Company, signed a commercial security agreement (the "Cathay&#13;Security Agreement") to secure the loans under the Cathay Loan Agreement and the Note. Pursuant to the Cathay Security Agreements,&#13;each of the Company and BriVision (each, a "Grantor", and collectively, the "Grantors") granted security&#13;interest in the collaterals as defined therein, comprised of almost all of the assets of each Grantor, to secure such loans for&#13;the benefit of the Bank.&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;Interest&#13;expenses were $9,527 and $0 for the three months ended March 31, 2019 and 2018, respectively.&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%"&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 24px; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;(2)&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;Long-term&#13;    bank loan consists of the following:&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;/table&gt;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="white-space: nowrap"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; white-space: nowrap"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td colspan="2" style="font-weight: bold; text-align: center; white-space: nowrap"&gt;March&amp;#160;31,&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; white-space: nowrap"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; white-space: nowrap"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td colspan="2" style="font-weight: bold; text-align: center; white-space: nowrap"&gt;December&amp;#160;31,&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; white-space: nowrap"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td colspan="2" style="font-weight: bold; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid"&gt;2019&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td colspan="2" style="font-weight: bold; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid"&gt;2018&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 76%; text-align: justify"&gt;Cathay United Bank&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 9%; text-align: right"&gt;45,076&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 9%; text-align: right"&gt;55,092&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: justify; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;Less: current portion of long-term bank loan&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;(39,688&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;(39,835&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: justify; padding-bottom: 4pt"&gt;Total&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 4pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; text-align: right"&gt;5,388&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 4pt; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 4pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; text-align: right"&gt;15,257&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 4pt; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;/table&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&amp;#160;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"&gt;On April 30, 2010, BioLite Taiwan entered&#13;into a seven-year bank loan of NT$8,900,000, equivalent to $288,360, with Cathay United Bank. The term started April 30, 2010 with&#13;maturity date at April 30, 2017. On April 30, 2017, BioLite Taiwan extended the original loan agreement for additional three years&#13;with the new maturity date at April 30, 2020. The loan balance bears interest at a floating rate of prime rate plus variable rates&#13;from 0.77% to 1.17%. The prime rate is based on term deposit saving interest rate of Cathay United Bank. As of March 31, 2019 and&#13;December 31, 2018, the actual interest rates per annum were 2.24%. The loan is collateralized by the building and improvement of&#13;BioLite Taiwan, and is also personal guaranteed by the chairman of BioLite Taiwan.&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;Interest&#13;expenses were $284 and $680 for the three months ended March 31, 2019 and 2018, respectively.&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;</abvcd:DisclosureOfBankLoansTextBlock>
    <abvcd:RegularInterestRateDescription contextRef="From2019-01-01to2019-01-21_custom_LoanAgreementMember">The Note executed in connection with the Cathay Loan Agreement bears an interest rate (the "Regular Interest Rate") equal to the sum of one percent (1%) and the prime rate as published in the Wall Street Journal (the "Index") and the accrued interest shall become payable each month from February 1, 2019. Pursuant to the Note, the Company shall pay the entire outstanding principal plus accrued unpaid interest on the Maturity Date and may prepay portion or all of the Note before the Maturity Date without penalty. If the Company defaults on the Note, the default interest rate shall become five percent (5%) plus the Regular Interest Rate.</abvcd:RegularInterestRateDescription>
    <abvcd:RegularInterestRateDescription contextRef="From2019-01-01to2019-01-21_custom_CathayBankMember_us-gaap_SubsequentEventMember">The Note executed in connection with the Loan Agreement bears an interest rate (the "Regular Interest Rate") equal to the sum of one percent (1%) and the prime rate as published in the Wall Street Journal (the "Index") and the accrued interest shall become payable each month from February 1, 2019. Pursuant to the Note, the Company shall pay the entire outstanding principal plus accrued unpaid interest on the Maturity Date and may prepay portion or all of the Note before the Maturity Date without penalty. If the Company defaults on the Note, the default interest rate shall become five percent (5%) plus the Regular Interest Rate.</abvcd:RegularInterestRateDescription>
    <us-gaap:StockholdersEquityNoteDisclosureTextBlock contextRef="From2019-01-01to2019-03-31">&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;b&gt;12.&#13;EQUITY&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;During&#13;October 2015, $350,000 of subscription receivable was fully collected from the shareholders.&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;On&#13;February 8, 2016, a Share Exchange Agreement ("Share Exchange Agreement") was entered into by and among American BriVision&#13;(Holding) Corporation (the&amp;#160;"Company"), American BriVision Corporation&amp;#160;("BriVision"), Euro-Asia&#13;Investment &amp;#38; Finance Corp. Limited, a company incorporated under the laws of Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of People's&#13;Republic of China ("Euro-Asia"), being the owners of record of 164,387,376 (52,336,000 pre-stock split) shares of&#13;Common Stock of the Company, and the owners of record of all of the issued share capital of BriVision (the&amp;#160;"BriVision&#13;Stock"). Pursuant to the Share Exchange Agreement, upon surrender by the BriVision Shareholders and the cancellation by&#13;BriVision of the certificates evidencing the BriVision Stock as registered in the name of each BriVision Shareholder, and pursuant&#13;to the registration of the Company in the register of members maintained by BriVision as the new holder of the BriVision Stock&#13;and the issuance of the certificates evidencing the aforementioned registration of the BriVision Stock in the name of the Company,&#13;the Company should issue 166,273,921(52,936,583 pre-stock split) shares (the&amp;#160;"Acquisition Stock") (subject to&#13;adjustment for fractionalized shares as set forth below) of the Company's Common Stock to the BriVision Shareholders (or&#13;their designees), and 163,159,952 (51,945,225 pre-stock split) shares of the Company's Common Stock owned by Euro-Asia should&#13;be cancelled and retired to treasury. The Acquisition Stock collectively should represent 79.70% of the issued and outstanding&#13;Common Stock of the Company immediately after the Closing, in exchange for the BriVision Stock, representing 100% of the issued&#13;share capital of BriVision in a reverse merger, or the Merger. Pursuant to the Merger, all of the issued and outstanding shares&#13;of BriVision's Common Stock were converted, at an exchange ratio of 0.2536-for-1, into an aggregate of 166,273,921(52,936,583&#13;pre-stock split) shares of Company's Common Stock and BriVision became a wholly owned subsidiary, of the Company. The holders&#13;of Company's Common Stock as of immediately prior to the Merger held an aggregate of 205,519,223 (65,431,144 pre-stock split)&#13;shares of Company's Common Stock,&amp;#160;Because of the exchange of the BriVision Stock for the Acquisition Stock (the&amp;#160;"Share&#13;Exchange"), BriVision became a wholly owned subsidiary (the "Subsidiary") of the Company and there was a change&#13;of control of the Company following the closing. There were no warrants, options or other equity instruments issued in connection&#13;with the share exchange agreement.&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;On&#13;February 17, 2016, pursuant to the 2016 Equity Incentive Plan (the "2016 Plan"), 157,050 (50,000 pre-stock split)&#13;shares were granted to the employees.&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;On&#13;March 21, 2016, the Board of Directors of the Company approved an amendment to Articles of Incorporation to effect a forward split&#13;at a ratio of 1 to 3:141 (the "Forward&amp;#160;Stock&amp;#160;Split") and increase the number of our authorized shares of&#13;Common Stock, par value $0.001 per share, to 360,000,000, which was effective on April 8, 2016.&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;On&#13;May 6, 2016, the Company and BioLite Taiwan agreed to amend the BioLite Collaborative Agreement, through entry into the Milestone&#13;Payment Agreement, whereby the Company has agreed to issue shares of Common Stock of the Company, at the price of $1.60 per share,&#13;for an aggregate number of 562,500 shares, as part of the Company's first installation of payment pursuant to the Milestone&#13;Payment. The shares issuance was completed in June 2016.&amp;#160;On August 26, 2016, the Company issued 1,468,750 shares ("Shares")&#13;of the Company's Common Stock, par value $0.001 (the "Offering") to BioLite Taiwan pursuant to a certain Stock&#13;Purchase Agreement dated August 26, 2016 (the "SPA"). The Shares are exempt from the registration requirements of&#13;the Securities Act of 1933, as amended (the "Securities Act"), pursuant to Regulation&amp;#160;S of the Securities Act&#13;promulgated thereunder. The purchase price per share of the Offering is $1.60. The net proceeds to the Company from the Offering&#13;are approximately $2,350,000. Pursuant to the BioLite Collaborative Agreement, BriVision should pay a total of $100,000,000 in&#13;cash or stock of the Company with equivalent value according to the milestone achieved. The agreement requires that 6.5% of total&#13;payment, $6,500,000 shall be made upon the first IND submission which was submitted in March 2016. In February 2017, the Company&#13;remitted this amount to BioLite with $650,000 in cash and $5,850,000 in the form of newly issued shares of the Company's&#13;Common Stock, at the price of $2.0 per share, for an aggregate number of 2,925,000 shares. Upon the consummation of the restructuring&#13;transaction between the Company and BioLite on February 8, 2019, the Company's Common Stock held by BioLite Taiwan was accounted&#13;for treasury stocks in the statement of equity (deficit).&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;On&#13;May 3, 2019, the Company filed a Certificate of Amendment with the Secretary of State of Nevada, which was effective May 8, 2019&#13;upon its receipt of the written notice from Financial Industry Regulatory Authority ("FINRA"). Pursuant to the Certificate&#13;of Amendment, the Company effectuated a 1-for-18 reverse stock split of its issued and outstanding shares of common stock, $0.001&#13;par value, whereby 318,485,252 outstanding shares of the Company's common stock were exchanged for 17,693,625 shares of&#13;the Company's Common Stock. All shares and related financial information in this Form 10-Q reflect this 1-for-18 reverse&#13;stock split.&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;On&#13;October 1, 2016, the Company entered into a consulting agreement with Kazunori Kameyama ("Kameyama") for the provision&#13;of services related to the clinical trials and other administrative work, public relation work, capital raising, trip coordination,&#13;In consideration for providing such services, the Company agreed to indemnify the consultant in an amount of $150 per hour in&#13;cash up to $3,000 per month, and issue to Kameyama the Company's Common Stock at $1.00 per share for any amount exceeding&#13;$3,000. The Company's stocks shall be calculated and issued in December every year. On October 1, 2017, the Company and&#13;Kameyama agreed to extend the service period for one more year expiring on September 30, 2018. As a result, the non-employee stock-based&#13;compensation related to this consulting agreement was $28,800 and $5,400 for the years ended December 31, 2018 and 2017, respectively.&#13;On March 28, 2018, the Company issued 4,828 shares of the Company's common stock at $1.60 per share in a total of $7,725&#13;to Kameyama in connection with this consulting agreement.&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;On&#13;January 1, 2017, Euro-Asia Investment &amp;#38; Finance Corp Ltd. and the Company entered into a service agreement (the "Euro-Asia&#13;Agreement") for the maintenance of the listing in the U.S. stock exchange market. During the years ended December 31, 2018&#13;and 2017, the Company recognized non-employee stock based compensation expenses of $0 and $60,000 in connection with the terms&#13;in the Euro-Asia Agreement, respectively. On March 28, 2018, the Company issued 50,000 shares of the Company's common stock&#13;at $1.60 per share in a total of $80,000 to Euro-Asia in connection with the Euro-Asia Agreement.&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 0"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;On&#13;January 1, 2017, Kimho Consultants Co., Ltd. and the Company entered into a service agreement (the "Kimho Agreement")&#13;for the maintenance of the listing in the U.S. stock exchange market. During the years ended December 31, 2018 and 2017, the Company&#13;recognized non-employee stock based compensation expenses of $0 and $90,000 in connection with the terms in the Kimho Agreement,&#13;respectively. On March 28, 2018, the Company issued 75,000 shares of the Company's common stock at $1.60 per share in a&#13;total of $120,000 to Kimho in connection with the Kimho Agreement.&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;Pursuant&#13;to ASC 505-50-30, the transactions with the non-employees were measured based on the fair value of the equity instruments issued&#13;as the Company determined that the fair value of the equity instruments issued in a stock-based payment transaction with nonemployees&#13;was more reliably measurable than the fair value of the consideration received. The Company measured the fair value of the equity&#13;instruments in these transactions using the stock price on the date at which the commitments Kameyama, Euro-Asia, and Kimho for&#13;performance were rendered.&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;On&#13;March 28, 2018, the Company also issued an aggregate of 50,000 shares of the Company's common stock at $1.60 per share for&#13;salaries in a total of $80,000 to three officers.&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;On&#13;February 8, 2019, after the Merger, the Company issued 74,997,546 shares to the shareholders of BioLite and 29,561,231 shares&#13;to the shareholders of BioKey.&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;</us-gaap:StockholdersEquityNoteDisclosureTextBlock>
    <us-gaap:StockholdersEquityNoteDisclosureTextBlock contextRef="From2018-01-01to2018-12-31">&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;b&gt;9.&#13;EQUITY&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;During&#13;October 2015, $350,000 of subscription receivable was fully collected from the shareholders.&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;On&#13;February 8, 2016, a Share Exchange Agreement ("Share Exchange Agreement") was entered into by and among American BriVision&#13;(Holding) Corporation (the&amp;#160;"Company"), American BriVision Corporation&amp;#160;("BriVision"), Euro-Asia&#13;Investment &amp;#38; Finance Corp. Limited, a company incorporated under the laws of Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of People's&#13;Republic of China ("Euro-Asia"), being the owners of record of 164,387,376 (52,336,000 pre-stock split) shares of&#13;Common Stock of the Company, and the owners of record of all of the issued share capital of BriVision (the&amp;#160;"BriVision&#13;Stock"). Pursuant to the Share Exchange Agreement, upon surrender by the BriVision Shareholders and the cancellation by&#13;BriVision of the certificates evidencing the BriVision Stock as registered in the name of each BriVision Shareholder, and pursuant&#13;to the registration of the Company in the register of members maintained by BriVision as the new holder of the BriVision Stock&#13;and the issuance of the certificates evidencing the aforementioned registration of the BriVision Stock in the name of the Company,&#13;the Company should issue 166,273,921(52,936,583 pre-stock split) shares (the&amp;#160;"Acquisition Stock") (subject to&#13;adjustment for fractionalized shares as set forth below) of the Company's Common Stock to the BriVision Shareholders (or&#13;their designees), and 163,159,952 (51,945,225 pre-stock split) shares of the Company's Common Stock owned by Euro-Asia should&#13;be cancelled and retired to treasury. The Acquisition Stock collectively should represent 79.70% of the issued and outstanding&#13;Common Stock of the Company immediately after the Closing, in exchange for the BriVision Stock, representing 100% of the issued&#13;share capital of BriVision in a reverse merger, or the Merger. Pursuant to the Merger, all of the issued and outstanding shares&#13;of BriVision's Common Stock were converted, at an exchange ratio of 0.2536-for-1, into an aggregate of 166,273,921(52,936,583&#13;pre-stock split) shares of Company's Common Stock and BriVision became a wholly owned subsidiary, of the Company. The holders&#13;of Company's Common Stock as of immediately prior to the Merger held an aggregate of 205,519,223 (65,431,144 pre-stock split)&#13;shares of Company's Common Stock,&amp;#160;Because of the exchange of the BriVision Stock for the Acquisition Stock (the&amp;#160;"Share&#13;Exchange"), BriVision became a wholly owned subsidiary (the "Subsidiary") of the Company and there was a change&#13;of control of the Company following the closing. There were no warrants, options or other equity instruments issued in connection&#13;with the share exchange agreement.&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;On&#13;February 17, 2016, pursuant to the 2016 Equity Incentive Plan (the "2016 Plan"), 157,050 (50,000 pre-stock split)&#13;shares were granted to the employees.&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;On&#13;March 21, 2016, the Board of Directors of the Company approved an amendment to Articles of Incorporation to effect a forward split&#13;at a ratio of 1 to 3:141 (the "Forward&amp;#160;Stock&amp;#160;Split") and increase the number of our authorized shares of&#13;Common Stock, par value $0.001 per share, to 360,000,000, which was effective on April 8, 2016.&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;The&#13;majority of the shareholders of the Company approved the amendment to Articles of Incorporation.&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;On&#13;May 6, 2016, the Company and BioLite agreed to amend the BioLite Collaborative Agreement, through entry into the Milestone Payment&#13;Agreement, whereby the Company has agreed to issue shares of our Common Stock, at the price of $1.60 per share, for an aggregate&#13;number of 562,500 shares, as part of our first installation of payment pursuant to the Milestone Payment. The shares issuance&#13;was completed in June 2016.&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;On&#13;August 26, 2016, the Company issued 1,468,750 shares ("Shares") of the Company's Common Stock, par value $0.001&#13;(the "Offering") to BioLite, Inc., a non-U.S. accredited investor (the "Purchaser") pursuant to a certain&#13;Stock Purchase Agreement dated August 26, 2016 (the "SPA"). The Shares are exempt from the registration requirements&#13;of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended (the "Securities Act"), pursuant to Regulation&amp;#160;S of the Securities&#13;Act promulgated thereunder. The purchase price per share of the Offering is $1.60. The net proceeds to the Company from the Offering&#13;are approximately $2,350,000. The proceeds may be used for general corporate purposes.&amp;#160;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;Pursuant&#13;to the BioLite Collaborative Agreement (See Note 4), BriVision should pay a total of $100,000,000 in cash or stock of the Company&#13;with equivalent value according to the milestone achieved. The agreement requires that 6.5% of total payment, $6,500,000 shall&#13;be made upon the first IND submission which was submitted in March 2016. In February 2017, the Company remitted this amount to&#13;BioLite with $650,000 in cash and $5,850,000 in the form of newly issued shares of our Common Stock, at the price of $2.0 per&#13;share, for an aggregate number of 2,925,000 shares.&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;On&#13;October 1, 2016, the Company entered into a consulting agreement with Kazunori Kameyama ("Kameyama") for the provision&#13;of services related to the clinical trials and other administrative work, public relation work, capital raising, trip coordination,&#13;In consideration for providing such services, the Company agreed to indemnify the consultant in an amount of $150 per hour in&#13;cash up to $3,000 per month, and issue to Kameyama the Company's Common Stock at $1.00 per share for any amount exceeding&#13;$3,000. The Company's stocks shall be calculated and issued in December every year. On October 1, 2017, the Company and&#13;Kameyama agreed to extend the service period for one more year expiring on September 30, 2018. As a result, the non-employee stock-based&#13;compensation related to this consulting agreement was $28,800 and $5,400 for the years ended December 31, 2018 and 2017, respectively.&#13;On March 28, 2018, the Company issued 4,828 shares of the Company's common stock at $1.60 per share in a total of $7,725&#13;to Kameyama in connection with this consulting agreement.&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;On&#13;January 1, 2017, Euro-Asia Investment &amp;#38; Finance Corp Ltd. and the Company entered into a service agreement (the "Euro-Asia&#13;Agreement") for the maintenance of the listing in the U.S. stock exchange market. During the years ended December 31, 2018&#13;and 2017, the Company recognized non-employee stock based compensation expenses of $0 and $60,000 in connection with the terms&#13;in the Euro-Asia Agreement, respectively. On March 28, 2018, the Company issued 50,000 shares of the Company's common stock&#13;at $1.60 per share in a total of $80,000 to Euro-Asia in connection with the Euro-Asia Agreement.&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0; text-align: center; margin-bottom: 0"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;On&#13;January 1, 2017, Kimho Consultants Co., Ltd. and the Company entered into a service agreement (the "Kimho Agreement")&#13;for the maintenance of the listing in the U.S. stock exchange market. During the years ended December 31, 2018 and 2017, the Company&#13;recognized non-employee stock based compensation expenses of $0 and $90,000 in connection with the terms in the Kimho Agreement,&#13;respectively. On March 28, 2018, the Company issued 75,000 shares of the Company's common stock at $1.60 per share in a&#13;total of $120,000 to Kimho in connection with the Kimho Agreement.&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;Pursuant&#13;to ASC 505-50-30, the transactions with the non-employees were measured based on the fair value of the equity instruments issued&#13;as the Company determined that the fair value of the equity instruments issued in a stock-based payment transaction with nonemployees&#13;was more reliably measurable than the fair value of the consideration received. The Company measured the fair value of the equity&#13;instruments in these transactions using the stock price on the date at which the commitments Kameyama, Euro-Asia, and Kimho for&#13;performance were rendered.&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;On&#13;March 28, 2018, the Company also issued an aggregate of 50,000 shares of the Company's common stock at $1.60 per share for&#13;salaries in a total of $80,000 to three officers.&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;</us-gaap:StockholdersEquityNoteDisclosureTextBlock>
    <abvcd:AgreementDescription contextRef="From2016-04-15to2016-05-06">The Company and BioLite Taiwan agreed to amend the BioLite Collaborative Agreement, through entry into the Milestone Payment Agreement, whereby the Company has agreed to issue shares of Common Stock of the Company, at the price of $1.60 per share, for an aggregate number of 562,500 shares, as part of the Company's first installation of payment pursuant to the Milestone Payment. The shares issuance was completed in June 2016.</abvcd:AgreementDescription>
    <abvcd:AgreementDescription contextRef="From2016-08-01to2016-08-26">The Company issued 1,468,750 shares ("Shares") of the Company's Common Stock, par value $0.001 (the "Offering") to BioLite Taiwan pursuant to a certain Stock Purchase Agreement dated August 26, 2016 (the "SPA"). The Shares are exempt from the registration requirements of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended (the "Securities Act"), pursuant to Regulation&#160;S of the Securities Act promulgated thereunder. The purchase price per share of the Offering is $1.60. The net proceeds to the Company from the Offering are approximately $2,350,000. Pursuant to the BioLite Collaborative Agreement, BriVision should pay a total of $100,000,000 in cash or stock of the Company with equivalent value according to the milestone achieved. The agreement requires that 6.5% of total payment, $6,500,000 shall be made upon the first IND submission which was submitted in March 2016.</abvcd:AgreementDescription>
    <abvcd:AgreementDescription contextRef="From2017-02-01to2017-02-28">The Company remitted this amount to BioLite with $650,000 in cash and $5,850,000 in the form of newly issued shares of the Company's Common Stock, at the price of $2.0 per share, for an aggregate number of 2,925,000 shares. Upon the consummation of the restructuring transaction between the Company and BioLite on February 8, 2019, the Company's Common Stock held by BioLite Taiwan was accounted for treasury stocks in the statement of equity (deficit).</abvcd:AgreementDescription>
    <us-gaap:PropertyPlantAndEquipmentDisclosureTextBlock contextRef="From2019-01-01to2019-03-31">&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 23.75pt; text-indent: -23.75pt"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;b&gt;6.&#13;PROPERTY AND EQUIPMENT&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 23.75pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -23.75pt"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 23.75pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -23.75pt"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;Property&#13;and equipment as of March 31, 2019 and December 31, 2018 are summarized as follows:&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 23.75pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -23.75pt"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td colspan="2" style="font-weight: bold; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid"&gt;March&amp;#160;31,&lt;br /&gt; 2019&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td colspan="2" style="font-weight: bold; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid"&gt;December&amp;#160;31, &lt;br /&gt; 2018&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: justify"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td colspan="2" style="font-weight: bold; text-align: center"&gt;(UNAUDITED)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td colspan="2" style="text-align: right"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 76%; text-align: justify"&gt;Land&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 9%; text-align: right"&gt;360,081&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 9%; text-align: right"&gt;363,416&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: justify"&gt;Buildings and leasehold improvements&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;2,115,155&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;290,403&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: justify"&gt;Machinery and equipment&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;1,236,493&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;87,356&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: justify; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;Office equipment&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;27,178&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;21,292&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="padding-left: 0.125in"&gt;Subtotal&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;3,738,907&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;762,467&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: justify; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;Less: accumulated depreciation&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;(3,191,387&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;(252,401&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: justify; padding-bottom: 4pt"&gt;Property and equipment, net&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 4pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; text-align: right"&gt;547,520&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 4pt; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 4pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; text-align: right"&gt;510,066&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 4pt; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;/table&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;Depreciation&#13;expenses were $13,940 and $11,420 for the three months ended March 31, 2019 and 2018, respectively.&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;</us-gaap:PropertyPlantAndEquipmentDisclosureTextBlock>
    <abvcd:ScheduleOfPropertyAndEquipment contextRef="From2019-01-01to2019-03-31">&lt;table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom"&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td colspan="2" style="font-weight: bold; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid"&gt;March&amp;#160;31,&lt;br /&gt; 2019&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td colspan="2" style="font-weight: bold; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid"&gt;December&amp;#160;31, &lt;br /&gt; 2018&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: justify"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td colspan="2" style="font-weight: bold; text-align: center"&gt;(UNAUDITED)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td colspan="2" style="text-align: right"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 76%; text-align: justify"&gt;Land&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 9%; text-align: right"&gt;360,081&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 9%; text-align: right"&gt;363,416&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: justify"&gt;Buildings and leasehold improvements&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;2,115,155&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;290,403&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: justify"&gt;Machinery and equipment&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;1,236,493&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;87,356&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: justify; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;Office equipment&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;27,178&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;21,292&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="padding-left: 0.125in"&gt;Subtotal&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;3,738,907&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;762,467&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: justify; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;Less: accumulated depreciation&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;(3,191,387&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;(252,401&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: justify; padding-bottom: 4pt"&gt;Property and equipment, net&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 4pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; text-align: right"&gt;547,520&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 4pt; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 4pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; text-align: right"&gt;510,066&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 4pt; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;/table&gt;</abvcd:ScheduleOfPropertyAndEquipment>
    <us-gaap:PropertyPlantAndEquipmentTextBlock contextRef="From2019-01-01to2019-03-31">&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-collapse: collapse"&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 87%; text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 12%; border-bottom: black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;b&gt;Estimated&amp;#160;Life&amp;#160;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&#13;    &lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;b&gt;in Years&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="background-color: #CCEEFF; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="vertical-align: top; text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;Buildings&#13;    and leasehold improvements&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: center; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;5&#13;    ~ 50&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="background-color: white; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="vertical-align: top; text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;Machinery&#13;    and equipment&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: center; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;5&#13;    ~ 10&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="background-color: #CCEEFF; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="vertical-align: top; text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;Office&#13;    equipment&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: center; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;3&#13;    ~ 6&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;/table&gt;</us-gaap:PropertyPlantAndEquipmentTextBlock>
    <us-gaap:RelatedPartyTransactionsDisclosureTextBlock contextRef="From2019-01-01to2019-03-31">&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;b&gt;11.&#13;RELATED PARTIES TRANSACTIONS&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;The&#13;related parties of the company with whom transactions are reported in these financial statements are as follows:&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-collapse: collapse"&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 51%; border-bottom: black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;b&gt;Name&#13;    of entity or Individual&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 48%; border-bottom: black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;b&gt;Relationship&#13;    with the Company and its subsidiaries&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;BioFirst&#13;    Corporation (the "BioFirst")&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;Entity&#13;    controlled by controlling beneficiary shareholder of Yuangene&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; background-color: White"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;BioFirst&#13;    (Australia) Pty Ltd. (the "BioFirst (Australia)")&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;100%&#13;    owned by BioFirst; Entity controlled by controlling beneficiary shareholder of YuanGene&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;Lion&#13;    Arts Promotion Inc. (the "LION")&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;Controlling&#13;    shareholder of BioLite Inc.&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; background-color: White"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;LionGene&#13;    Corporation (the "LionGene")&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;Shareholder&#13;    of the Company; entity controlled by controlling beneficiary shareholder of YuanGene&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;Rgene&#13;    Corporation (the "Rgene")&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;Shareholder&#13;    of the Company; entity controlled by controlling beneficiary shareholder of Yuangene&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; background-color: White"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;Yuangene&#13;    Corporation (the "Yuangene")&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;Controlling&#13;    beneficiary shareholder of the Company&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;AsianGene&#13;    Corporation (the "AsianGene")&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;Shareholder;&#13;    entity controlled by controlling beneficiary shareholder of Yuangene&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; background-color: White"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;Keypoint&#13;    Technology Ltd. (the "Keypoint')&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;The&#13;    Chairman of Keypoint is Eugene Jiang's mother.&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;Yoshinobu&#13;    Odaira (the "Odaira")&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;Director&#13;    of the Company&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; background-color: White"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;GenePharm&#13;    Inc. (the "GenePharm")&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;Mr.&#13;    George Lee, the Director and Chairman of Biokey, is the Chairman of Genepharm.&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;Mr.&#13;    Tsung-Shann Jiang, Ms. Shu-Ling Jiang and Mr. Eugene Jiang (the "Jiangs")&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;Mr.&#13;                                         Tsung-Shann Jiang, the controlling beneficiary shareholder of the Company and Rgene,&#13;                                         the chairman and CEO of the BioLite Inc. and the President and a member of board of directors&#13;                                         of BioFirst,&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;        &lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;Ms.&#13;        Shu-Ling Jiang, Mr. Tsung-Shann Jiang's wife, is a member of board of directors of the Company and the chairman&#13;        of LION and BioFirst.&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;        &lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;Mr.&#13;        Eugene Jiang is Mr. and Ms. Jiang's son. Mr. Eugene Jiang is the chairman, and majority shareholder of the Company&#13;        and a member of board of directors of BioLite Inc.&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;/table&gt;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;u&gt;Accounts&#13;receivable &amp;#8211; related parties&amp;#160;&lt;/u&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;Accounts&#13;receivable due from related parties consisted of the following as of the periods indicated:&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td colspan="2" style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center"&gt;March 31,&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td colspan="2" style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center"&gt;December&amp;#160;31,&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td colspan="2" style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid"&gt;2019&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td colspan="2" style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid"&gt;2018&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 76%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;GenePharm Inc.&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 1%; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 9%; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"&gt;142,265&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 1%; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 9%; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"&gt;&amp;#160;&amp;#160;&amp;#160;&amp;#160;&amp;#160;&amp;#160;&amp;#160;-&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 4pt; padding-left: 9pt"&gt;Total&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 4pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"&gt;142,265&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 4pt; font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 4pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"&gt;-&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 4pt; font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;/table&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;u&gt;Due&#13;from related parties&lt;/u&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;Amount&#13;due from related parties consisted of the following as of the periods indicated:&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td colspan="2" style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center"&gt;March 31,&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td colspan="2" style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center"&gt;December&amp;#160;31,&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td colspan="2" style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid"&gt;2019&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td colspan="2" style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid"&gt;2018&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 76%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;Rgene Corporation&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 9%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"&gt;17,550&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 9%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"&gt;19,477&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;BioFirst (Australia)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"&gt;40,675&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"&gt;40,000&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 4pt; padding-left: 9pt"&gt;Total&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 4pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"&gt;58,225&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 4pt; font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 4pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"&gt;59,477&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 4pt; font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;/table&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;u&gt;Due&#13;to related parties&lt;/u&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;Amount&#13;due to related parties consisted of the following as of the periods indicated:&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td colspan="2" style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center"&gt;March 31,&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td colspan="2" style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center"&gt;December 31,&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td colspan="2" style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid"&gt;2019&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td colspan="2" style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid"&gt;2018&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 76%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;Lion Arts Promotion Inc.&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 9%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"&gt;64,964&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 9%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"&gt;65,495&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;LionGene Corporation&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"&gt;430,940&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"&gt;458,348&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;BioFirst Corporation&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"&gt;6,248,105&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"&gt;6,428,643&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;AsianGene Corporation&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"&gt;160,000&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"&gt;160,000&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;YuanGene Corporation&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"&gt;92,690&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"&gt;92,690&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;The Jiangs&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"&gt;598,085&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"&gt;539,920&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 4pt; padding-left: 10pt"&gt;Total&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 4pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"&gt;7,594,784&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 4pt; font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 4pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"&gt;7,745,096&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 4pt; font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;/table&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;u&gt;Related&#13;party transactions&lt;/u&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0; text-align: center; margin-bottom: 0"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 24px; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;(1)&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;On&#13;    January 26, 2017, BriVision and BioFirst entered into a loan agreement for a total commitment (non-secured indebtedness) of&#13;    $950,000 to meet its working capital needs. On February 2, 2019, BriVision and BioFirst agreed to extend the remaining loan&#13;    balance of $693,000 for one year matured on February 1, 2020. Under the terms of the loan agreement, the loan bears interest&#13;    at 1% per month (or equivalent to 12% per annum) and the Company is required to pay interest monthly to the lender. As of&#13;    March 31, 2019 and December 31, 2018, the outstanding loan balance is $233,000 and $692,980, and accrued interest was $11,971&#13;    and $281, respectively. Interest expenses in connection with this loan were $11,710 and $9,500 for the three months ended&#13;    March 31, 2019 and 2018, respectively.&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;/table&gt;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0; text-align: center; margin-bottom: 0"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 24px; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;(2)&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;On&#13;    September 28, 2017, October 31, 2017, and November 13, 2017, BioLite Taiwan and BioFirst entered into three loan agreements&#13;    for a total amount of NTD$27,800,000, equivalent to $900,720, to meet its working capital needs. Under the terms of the loan&#13;    agreements, the loans bear interest at 1% per month (or equivalent to 12% per annum). BioLite Taiwan repaid NTD$7,500,000,&#13;    equivalent to $243,000, of the loan in 2018. The remaining balance was NTD$20,300,000, equivalent to $657,720 with the interest&#13;    rate and term remain unchanged. The three loans will be matured on September 27, 2019, October 30, 2019, and November 12,&#13;    2019, respectively. As of March 31, 2019 and December 31, 2018, the outstanding loan balance was $657,720 and $663,810, and&#13;    accrued interest was $146,274 and $127,976, respectively. Interest expenses in connection with this loan were $19,472 and&#13;    $28,500 for the three months ended March 31, 2019 and 2018, respectively.&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;/table&gt;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 24px; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;(3)&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;On&#13;    April 12, 2017, BioLite BVI and BioFirst entered into a loan agreement for NTD$30,000,000, equivalent to $972,000 to meet&#13;    its working capital needs. Under the terms of the loan agreement, the loan bears interest at 1% per month (or equivalent to&#13;    12% per annum). BioLite BVI and BioFirst extended the loan with the same interest rate and amount for one year. The loan will&#13;    be matured on May 11, 2019. As of March 31, 2019 and December 31, 2018, the outstanding loan balance was $972,000 and $981,000,&#13;    and accrued interest was $250,771 and $222,000, respectively. Interest expenses in connection with this loan were $28,771&#13;    and $29,978 for the three months ended March 31, 2019 and 2018, respectively.&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;/table&gt;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 24px; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;(4)&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;On&#13;    July 24, 2017, BriVision entered into a collaborative agreement (the "BioFirst Collaborative Agreement") with&#13;    BioFirst (See Note 4). On September 25, 2017, BioFirst has delivered all research, technical, data and development data to&#13;    BriVision, and the Company has recorded the full amount of $3,000,000 due to BioFirst. No payment has been made by the Company&#13;    as of the date of this prospectus.&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;/table&gt;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 24px; text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;(5)&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;As&#13;    of March 31, 2019, BioFirst has also advanced funds to the Company for working capital purpose. The advances bear 0% interest&#13;    rate and are due on demand. As of March 31, 2019, the outstanding advance balance was $517,949.&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;/table&gt;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 24px; text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;(6)&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;In&#13;    September 2017, AsianGene entered an investment and equity transfer agreement (the "Investment and Equity Transfer Agreement")&#13;    with Everfront Biotech Inc. (the "Everfront"), a third party. Pursuant to the Investment and Equity Transfer Agreement,&#13;    Everfront agreed to purchase 2,000,000 common shares of the Company owned by AsianGene at $1.60 per share in a total amount&#13;    of $3,200,000, of which $160,000 is due before September 15, 2017 and the remaining amount of $3,040,000 is due before December&#13;    15, 2017. AsianGene also agreed to loan the proceeds to the Company for working capital purpose. The non-secured loan bears&#13;    0% interest rate and is due on demand. As of March 31, 2019 and December 31, 2018, the outstanding loan balance was $160,000&#13;    and accrued interest was $17,600 and $12,866, respectively. Interest expenses in connection with this loan were $4,734 and&#13;    $3,945 for the three months ended March 31, 2019 and 2018, respectively.&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;/table&gt;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 24px; text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;(7)&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;As&#13;    of March 31, 2019 and December 31, 2018, YuanGene Corporation has advanced an aggregate amount of $42,690 to the Company for&#13;    working capital purpose. The advances bear 0% interest rate and are due on demand.&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;/table&gt;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 24px; text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;(8)&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;On&#13;    January 18, 2018, the Company and YuanGene entered into a loan agreement for a total of $50,000 to meet its working capital&#13;    needs. Under the terms of the loan agreement, the loan bears interest at 1% per month (or equivalent to 12% per annum) and&#13;    the Company is required to pay interest monthly to the lender. The maturity date of this loan is January 19, 2019. As of March&#13;    31, 2019 and December 31, 2018, the outstanding loan balance was $50,000 and accrued interest was $7,200 and $5,721, respectively.&#13;    Interest expenses in connection with this loan were $1,479 and $1,200 for the three months ended March 31, 2019 and 2018,&#13;    respectively.&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;/table&gt;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0; text-align: center; margin-bottom: 0"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 24px; text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;(9)&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;On&#13;    June 27, 2018, the Company issued an eighteen-month term unsecured convertible promissory note (the "Keypoint Note")&#13;    in the aggregate principal amount of $250,000 to Keypoint Technology Ltd. ("Keypoint") (See Note 8). The Company&#13;    received $250,000 which bears interest at 8% per annum. Interest expenses in connection with this Keypoint Note were $5,000&#13;    and $0 for the three months ended March 31, 2019 and 2018, respectively.&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;/table&gt;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 29px; text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;(10)&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;On&#13;    August 25, 2018, the Company issued an eighteen-month term unsecured convertible promissory note (the "Odaira Note")&#13;    in the aggregate principal amount of $250,000 to Yoshinobu Odaira ("Odaira") (See Note 8). The Company received&#13;    $250,000 on November 29, 2018 which bears interest at 8% per annum. Interest expense in connection with this Odaira Note was&#13;    $5,000 and $0 for the three months ended March 31, 2019 and 2018, respectively.&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;/table&gt;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0; text-align: center; margin-bottom: 0"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 29px; text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;(11)&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;As&#13;    of March 31, 2019, Mr. Tsung-Shann Jiang and Ms. Shu-Ling Jiang have also advanced funds to the Company for working capital&#13;    purpose. The advances bears interest at 1% per month (or equivalent to 12% per annum) and are due on demand. As of March 31,&#13;    2019, the outstanding advance balance was $157,140 and the accrued interest was $10,454.&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;/table&gt;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 29px; text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;(12)&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;As&#13;    of March 31, 2019, LION, LionGene, and the Jiangs have also advanced funds to the Company for working capital purpose. The&#13;    advances bear 0% interest rate and are due on demand. As of March 31, 2019, the outstanding advance balances in aggregate&#13;    were $926,395.&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;/table&gt;</us-gaap:RelatedPartyTransactionsDisclosureTextBlock>
    <us-gaap:RelatedPartyTransactionsDisclosureTextBlock contextRef="From2018-01-01to2018-12-31">&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;b&gt;8.&#13;RELATED PARTIES TRANSACTIONS&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;The&#13;related parties of the company with whom transactions are reported in these financial statements are as follows:&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-collapse: collapse"&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="background-color: white; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="vertical-align: top; width: 51%; border-bottom: black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;b&gt;Name&#13;    of entity or Individual&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 48%; border-bottom: black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;b&gt;Relationship&#13;    with the Company and its subsidiaries&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="background-color: #CCEEFF; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;BioLite&#13;    Inc.&amp;#160;(the "BioLite")&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;Shareholder&#13;    of the Company; entity controlled by controlling beneficiary shareholder of YuanGene&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="background-color: white; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;BioFirst&#13;    Corporation (the "BioFirst")&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;Entity&#13;    controlled by controlling beneficiary shareholder of YuanGene&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="background-color: #CCEEFF; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;BioFirst&#13;    (Australia) Pty Ltd. (the BioFirst (Australia)")&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;100%&#13;    owned by BioFirst; Entity controlled by controlling beneficiary shareholder of YuanGene&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="background-color: white; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;Rgene&#13;    Corporation (the "Rgene")&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;Shareholder&#13;    of the Company; entity controlled by controlling beneficiary shareholder of YuanGene&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="background-color: #CCEEFF; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;LionGene&#13;    Corporation (the "LionGene")&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;Shareholder&#13;    of the Company; entity controlled by controlling beneficiary shareholder of YuanGene&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="background-color: white; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;YuanGene&#13;    Corporation (the "YuanGene")&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;Controlling&#13;    beneficiary shareholder of the Company&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="background-color: #CCEEFF; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;AsianGene&#13;    Corporation (the "AsianGene")&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;Shareholder;&#13;    entity controlled by controlling beneficiary shareholder of YuanGene&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="background-color: white; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;Eugene&#13;    Jiang&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;Former&#13;    President and Chairman&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="background-color: #CCEEFF; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;Keypoint&#13;    Technology Ltd. (the "Keypoint')&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;The&#13;    Chairman of Keypoint is Eugene Jiang's mother.&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="background-color: white; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;Yoshinobu&#13;    Odaira (the "Odaira")&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;Director&#13;    of the Company&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="background-color: #CCEEFF; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;Euro-Asia&#13;    Investment &amp;#38; Finance Corp Ltd. (the "Euro-Asia")&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;Shareholder&#13;    of the Company&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="background-color: white; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;Kimho&#13;    Consultants Co., Ltd. (the "Kimho")&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;Shareholder&#13;    of the Company&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="background-color: #CCEEFF; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;BioKey,&#13;    Inc. (the "BioKey")&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;One&#13;    of wholly-owned subsidiaries of ABVC upon closing of the Mergers on February 8, 2019&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;/table&gt;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;u&gt;Other&#13;receivable - related parties&lt;/u&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;Amount&#13;due from related parties consisted of the following as of the periods indicated:&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td colspan="2" style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center"&gt;December 31,&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td colspan="2" style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center"&gt;December&amp;#160;31,&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td colspan="2" style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid"&gt;2018&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td colspan="2" style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid"&gt;2017&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 76%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;BioFirst (Australia)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 1%; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 9%; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"&gt;40,000&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 1%; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 9%; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"&gt;&amp;#160;&amp;#160;&amp;#160;&amp;#160;&amp;#160;&amp;#160;&amp;#160;-&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 4pt; padding-left: 0.125in"&gt;Total&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 4pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"&gt;40,000&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 4pt; font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 4pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"&gt;-&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 4pt; font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;/table&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;u&gt;Due&#13;to related parties&lt;/u&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;Amount&#13;due to related parties consisted of the following as of the periods indicated:&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td colspan="2" style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center"&gt;December 31,&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td colspan="2" style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center"&gt;December 31,&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td colspan="2" style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid"&gt;2018&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td colspan="2" style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid"&gt;2017&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 76%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;BioLite Inc.&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 9%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"&gt;58,684&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 9%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"&gt;109,220&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;BioFirst Corporation&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"&gt;4,151,301&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"&gt;3,957,000&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;AsianGene Corporation&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"&gt;160,000&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"&gt;160,000&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;YuanGene Corporation&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"&gt;92,690&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"&gt;3,000&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;Eugene Jiang&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"&gt;100&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"&gt;100&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 4pt; padding-left: 0.125in"&gt;Total&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 4pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"&gt;4,462,775&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 4pt; font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 4pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"&gt;4,229,320&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 4pt; font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;/table&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;u&gt;Related&#13;party transactions&lt;/u&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#13;    &#13;    &lt;td style="width: 29px; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;(1)&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;During&#13;    the years ended December 31, 2018 and 2017, BioLite has advanced funds to the Company for working capital purpose. The advances&#13;    bear 0% interest rate and are due on demand. As of December 31,2018 and 2017, the outstanding advance balance was $58,684&#13;    and $109,2220, respectively.&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#13;    &#13;    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;(2)&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;On&#13;    January 26, 2017, the Company and BioFirst entered into a loan agreement for a total commitment (non-secured indebtedness)&#13;    of $950,000 to meet its working capital needs. Under the terms of the loan agreement, the loan bears interest at 1% per month&#13;    (or equivalent to 12% per annum) and the Company is required to pay interest monthly to the lender. The loan will be matured&#13;    on February 1, 2018. As of December 31, 2018 and 2017, the outstanding loan balance is $692,980 and $950,000, and accrued&#13;    interest is $281 and $17,460, respectively. Interest expenses in connection with this loan were $104,331 and $103,460 for&#13;    the years ended December 31, 2018 and 2017, respectively.&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#13;    &#13;    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;(3)&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;On&#13;    July 24, 2017, BriVision entered into a collaborative agreement (the "BioFirst Collaborative Agreement") with&#13;    BioFirst (See Note 4). On September 25, 2017, BioFirst has delivered all research, technical, data and development data to&#13;    BriVision, and the Company has recorded the full amount of $3,000,000 due to BioFirst. No payment has been made by the Company&#13;    as of the date of this propsectus.&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;/table&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="margin: 0"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#13;    &#13;    &lt;td style="width: 29px; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;(4)&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;During&#13;    the years ended December 31, 2018 and 2017, BioFirst has also advanced funds to the Company for working capital purpose. The&#13;    advances bear 0% interest rate and are due on demand. As of December 31,2018 and 2017, the outstanding advance balance was&#13;    $458,321 and $7,000, respectively.&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#13;    &#13;    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;(5)&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;In&#13;    September 2017, AsianGene entered an investment and equity transfer agreement (the "Investment and Equity Transfer Agreement")&#13;    with Everfront Biotech Inc. (the "Everfront"), a third party. Pursuant to the Investment and Equity Transfer Agreement,&#13;    Everfront agreed to purchase 2,000,000 common shares of the Company owned by AsianGene at $1.60 per share in a total amount&#13;    of $3,200,000, of which $160,000 is due before September 15, 2017 and the remaining amount of $3,040,000 is due before December&#13;    15, 2017. AsianGene also agreed to loan the proceeds to the Company for working capital purpose. The non-secured loan bears&#13;    0% interest rate and is due on demand. As of December 31, 2018 and 2017, the outstanding loan balance was $160,000 and accrued&#13;    interest was $12,866 and $0, respectively. Interest expenses in connection with this loan were $18,411 and $0 for the years&#13;    ended December 31, 2018 and 2017, respectively.&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#13;    &#13;    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;(6)&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;As&#13;    of December 31, 2018 and 2017, YuanGene Corporation has advanced an aggregate amount of $42,690 and $3,000, respectively,&#13;    to the Company for working capital purpose. The advances bear 0% interest rate and are due on demand.&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#13;    &#13;    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;(7)&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;On&#13;    January 18, 2018, the Company and YuanGene entered into a loan agreement for a total of $50,000 to meet its working capital&#13;    needs. Under the terms of the loan agreement, the loan bears interest at 1% per month (or equivalent to 12% per annum) and&#13;    the Company is required to pay interest monthly to the lender. The maturity date of this loan is January 19, 2019. As of December&#13;    31, 2018 and December 31, 2017, the outstanding loan balance was $50,000 and $0, and accrued interest was $5,721 and $0, respectively.&#13;    Interest expenses in connection with this loan were $5,721 and $0 for the years ended December 31, 2018 and 2017, respectively.&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#13;    &#13;    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;(8)&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;As&#13;    of December 31, 2018 and December 31, 2017, the Chairman, Eugene Jiang, of the Company has advanced an aggregate amount of&#13;    $100 to the Company for working capital purpose. The advances bear 0% interest rate and are due on demand.&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#13;    &#13;    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;(9)&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;On&#13;    June 27, 2018, the Company issued an eighteen-month term unsecured convertible promissory note (the "Keypoint Note")&#13;    in the aggregate principal amount of $250,000 to Keypoint Technology Ltd. ("Keypoint") (See Note 7). The Company&#13;    received $250,000 which bears interest at 8% per annum. Interest expense in connection with this Keypoint Note was $10,222&#13;    and $0 for the years ended December 31, 2018 and 2017, respectively.&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#13;    &#13;    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;(10)&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;On&#13;    August 25, 2018, the Company issued an eighteen-month term unsecured convertible promissory note (the "Odaira Note")&#13;    in the aggregate principal amount of $250,000 to Yoshinobu Odaira ("Odaira") (See Note 7). The Company received&#13;    $250,000 on November 29, 2018 which bears interest at 8% per annum. Interest expense in connection with this Odaira Note was&#13;    $1,778 and $0 for the years ended December 31, 2018 and 2017, respectively.&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#13;    &#13;    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;(11)&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;On&#13;    January 1, 2017, Kimho Consultants Co., Ltd. and the Company entered into a service agreement (the "Kimho Agreement")&#13;    for the maintenance of the listing in the U.S. stock exchange market. During the years ended December 31, 2018 and 2017, the&#13;    Company recognized non-employee stock based compensation expenses of $0 and $90,000 in connection with the terms in the Kimho&#13;    Agreement, respectively.&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;/table&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="margin: 0"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#13;    &#13;    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 29px"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;(12)&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;On&#13;    January 1, 2017, Euro-Asia Investment &amp;#38; Finance Corp Ltd. and the Company entered into a service agreement (the "Euro-Asia&#13;    Agreement") for the maintenance of the listing in the U.S. stock exchange market. During the years ended December 31,&#13;    2018 and 2017, the Company recognized non-employee stock based compensation expenses of $0 and $60,000 in connection with&#13;    the terms in the Euro-Asia Agreement, respectively.&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#13;    &#13;    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;(13)&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;During&#13;    the year ended December 31, 2017, the Company provided a one-time consulting service to LionGene Corporation for $70,000.&#13;    Since both LionGene and the Company are related parties and under common control by a controlling beneficiary shareholder&#13;    of YuanGene Corporation, the Company has recorded the full amount of $70,000 as additional paid-in capital during the year&#13;    ended September 30, 2017.&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#13;    &#13;    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;(14)&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;During&#13;    the year ended September 30, 2017, the Company entered an operating lease agreement with AsianGene for an office space in&#13;    Taiwan for the period from October 1, 2016 to July 31, 2017. The monthly base rent is approximately $5,000. Rent expenses&#13;    under this lease agreement amounted to $0 and $52,205 for the years ended December 31, 2018 and 2017, respectively.&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#13;    &#13;    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;(15)&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;On&#13;    October 2, 2018, the Company and BioKey entered into an operating lease agreement for an office space in Fremont, California.&#13;    The lease can be terminated one month in advance provided with written notice. The monthly base rent is $800. Rent expenses&#13;    under this lease agreement amounted to $2,400 and $0 for the years ended December 31, 2018 and 2017, respectively.&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;/table&gt;</us-gaap:RelatedPartyTransactionsDisclosureTextBlock>
    <abvcd:ScheduleOfRelatedPartyTransactionsAmountDueToRelatedParty contextRef="From2019-01-01to2019-03-31">&lt;p style="margin: 0pt"&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td colspan="2" style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center"&gt;March 31,&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td colspan="2" style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center"&gt;December 31,&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td colspan="2" style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid"&gt;2019&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td colspan="2" style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid"&gt;2018&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 76%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;Lion Arts Promotion Inc.&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 9%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"&gt;64,964&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 9%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"&gt;65,495&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;LionGene Corporation&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"&gt;430,940&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"&gt;458,348&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;BioFirst Corporation&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"&gt;6,248,105&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"&gt;6,428,643&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;AsianGene Corporation&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"&gt;160,000&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"&gt;160,000&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;YuanGene Corporation&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"&gt;92,690&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"&gt;92,690&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;The Jiangs&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"&gt;598,085&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"&gt;539,920&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 4pt; padding-left: 10pt"&gt;Total&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 4pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"&gt;7,594,784&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 4pt; font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 4pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"&gt;7,745,096&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 4pt; font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;/table&gt;&#13;&lt;p style="margin: 0pt"&gt;&lt;/p&gt;</abvcd:ScheduleOfRelatedPartyTransactionsAmountDueToRelatedParty>
    <abvcd:ScheduleOfRelatedPartyTransactionsAmountDueToRelatedParty contextRef="From2018-01-01to2018-12-31">&lt;table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td colspan="2" style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center"&gt;December 31,&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td colspan="2" style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center"&gt;December 31,&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td colspan="2" style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid"&gt;2018&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td colspan="2" style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid"&gt;2017&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 76%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;BioLite Inc.&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 9%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"&gt;58,684&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 9%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"&gt;109,220&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;BioFirst Corporation&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"&gt;4,151,301&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"&gt;3,957,000&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;AsianGene Corporation&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"&gt;160,000&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"&gt;160,000&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;YuanGene Corporation&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"&gt;92,690&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"&gt;3,000&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;Eugene Jiang&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"&gt;100&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"&gt;100&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 4pt; padding-left: 0.125in"&gt;Total&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 4pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"&gt;4,462,775&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 4pt; font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 4pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"&gt;4,229,320&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 4pt; font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;/table&gt;</abvcd:ScheduleOfRelatedPartyTransactionsAmountDueToRelatedParty>
    <us-gaap:BusinessCombinationDisclosureTextBlock contextRef="From2019-01-01to2019-03-31">&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;b&gt;15.&#13;BUSINESS COMBINATION&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;On&#13;February 8, 2019, the Company consummated the Merger transactions of BioLite and BioKey (See Note 1). Pursuant to the terms of&#13;the Merger Agreement, BioLite and BioKey became two wholly-owned subsidiaries of the Company on February 8, 2019. The Company&#13;adopted ASC 805, "Business Combination" to record the merger transactions of BioKey. The acquisition was accounted&#13;for as a business combination under the purchase method of accounting. BioKey's results of operations were included in the&#13;Company's results beginning February 8, 2019. The purchase price has been allocated to the assets acquired and the liabilities&#13;assumed based on their fair value at the acquisition date as summarized in the following:&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;Purchase consideration:&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td colspan="2" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 88%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;Common Stock (*)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 9%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"&gt;44,341,847&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;Allocation of the purchase price:&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;Cash and cash equivalents&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"&gt;531,147&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;Accounts receivable, net&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"&gt;188,550&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;Property and equipment, net&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"&gt;56,075&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;Operating lease right-of-use assets&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"&gt;485,684&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;Security deposits&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"&gt;10,440&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;Total assets acquired&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"&gt;1,271,896&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;Accounts payable&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"&gt;(56,204&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;Accrued expenses and other current liabilities&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"&gt;(251,335&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;Operating lease liability&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"&gt;(267,256&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;Tenant security deposit&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"&gt;(2,880&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;Total liabilities assumed&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"&gt;(577,675&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;Total net assets acquired&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"&gt;694,221&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; padding-bottom: 4pt"&gt;Goodwill as a result of the&#13;    Merger&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 4pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"&gt;43,647,626&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 4pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;/table&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0; width: 100%"&gt;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: top; text-align: justify"&gt;&#13;&lt;td style="width: 0"&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 0.25in; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;*&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;29,561,231&#13;shares of ABVC common stock issued to BioKey in connection with the Merger. Those shares were valued at $1.50 per share, based&#13;on the bid-and-ask share price of ABVC Common Stock on the final day of trading, February 8, 2019.&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;/table&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;On&#13;February 8, 2019, the Company has recorded a 100% goodwill write-down of $43,647,626. Goodwill was determined to have been impaired&#13;because of the current financial condition of the Company and the Company's inability to generate future operating income&#13;without substantial increase in sales volume, which is highly uncertain. Furthermore, the Company's anticipated future cash&#13;flows indicate that the recoverability of goodwill is not reasonably assured. The goodwill write-down was reflected as a decrease&#13;in additional paid-in capital in the statement of equity upon the consummation of the Merger.&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;</us-gaap:BusinessCombinationDisclosureTextBlock>
    <us-gaap:ScheduleOfRecognizedIdentifiedAssetsAcquiredAndLiabilitiesAssumedTableTextBlock contextRef="From2018-01-01to2018-12-31">&lt;table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom"&gt;&lt;td&gt;Purchase consideration:&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td colspan="2"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 88%; text-align: left; padding-left: 9pt"&gt;Common stock (1)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 9%; text-align: right"&gt;44,341,847&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;Estimated Fair Value of Assets Acquired:&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left; padding-left: 9pt"&gt;Cash and cash equivalents&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;636,666&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left; padding-left: 9pt"&gt;Accounts receivable&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;43,204&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left; padding-left: 9pt"&gt;Accounts receivable - related parties&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;147,848&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left; padding-left: 9pt"&gt;Property and equipment&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;58,150&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; padding-left: 9pt"&gt;Security deposits&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;10,440&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; padding-left: 0.25in"&gt;Total assets acquired&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;896,308&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;Estimated Fair Value of Liabilities Assumed:&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left; padding-left: 9pt"&gt;Due to shareholders&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&amp;#160;&amp;#160;&amp;#160;&amp;#160;&amp;#160;&amp;#160;&amp;#160;&amp;#160;&amp;#160;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left; padding-left: 9pt"&gt;Accrued expenses and other current liabilities&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;83,026&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; padding-left: 9pt"&gt;Tenant security deposit&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;2,880&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; padding-left: 0.25in"&gt;Total liabilities assumed&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;85,906&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; padding-left: 0.25in"&gt;Total net assets acquired&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;810,402&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left; padding-bottom: 4pt; padding-left: 0.25in"&gt;Goodwill as a result of the Merger&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 4pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; text-align: right"&gt;43,531,445&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 4pt; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;/table&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0; width: 100%"&gt;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: top; text-align: justify"&gt;&#13;&lt;td style="width: 0"&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 0.25in; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;(1)&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;29,561,231&#13;shares of ABVC common stock to be issued to BioKey in connection with the Merger. Those shares were valued at $1.50 per share,&#13;the closing share price of ABVC on February 5, 2019.&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;/table&gt;</us-gaap:ScheduleOfRecognizedIdentifiedAssetsAcquiredAndLiabilitiesAssumedTableTextBlock>
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All references herein to a fiscal year prior to December&#13;31, 2017 refer to the twelve months ended September 30th of such year.&amp;#160;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;u&gt;Use&#13;of Estimates&lt;/u&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;The&#13;preparation of financial statements in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America&#13;requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosure&#13;of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the consolidated financial statements and the amount of revenues and expenses&#13;during the reporting periods. Actual results could differ materially from those results.&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;u&gt;Inventory&lt;/u&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;Inventory&#13;consists of raw materials, work-in-process, finished goods, and merchandise. Inventories are stated at the lower of cost or market&#13;and valued on a moving weighted average cost basis. Market is determined based on net realizable value. The Company periodically&#13;reviews the age and turnover of its inventory to determine whether any inventory has become obsolete or has declined in value,&#13;and incurs a charge to operations for known and anticipated inventory obsolescence.&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;u&gt;Reclassifications&lt;/u&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;Certain&#13;classifications have been made to the prior year financial statements to conform to the current year presentation. The reclassification&#13;had no impact on previously reported net loss or accumulated deficit.&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;u&gt;Forward&#13;Stock Split&lt;/u&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;On&#13;March 21, 2016, the Board of Directors of the Company approved an amendment to Articles of Incorporation to effect a forward split&#13;at a ratio of 1 to 3.141 and increase the number of our authorized shares of Common Stock, par value $0.001 per share, to 360,000,000,&#13;which was effective on April 8, 2016.&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&amp;#160;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;u&gt;Stock&#13;Reverse Split&lt;/u&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;On&#13;March 12, 2019, the Board of Directors of the Company by unanimous written consent in lieu of a meeting approved to i) effect&#13;a stock reverse split at the ratio of 1-for-18 (the "Reverse Split") of both the authorized common stock of the Company&#13;(the "Common Stock") and the issued and outstanding Common Stock and ii) to amend the articles of incorporation of&#13;the Company to reflect the Reverse Split. The Board approved and authorized the Reverse Split without obtaining approval of the&#13;Company's shareholders pursuant to Section 78.207 of Nevada Revised Statutes. On May 3, 2019, the Company filed a certificate&#13;of amendment to the Company's articles of incorporation (the "Amendment") to effect the Reverse Split with the&#13;Secretary of State of Nevada. The Financial Industry Regulatory Authority ("FINRA") informed the Company that the&#13;Reverse Split was effective on May 8, 2019. All shares and related financial information in this Form 10-Q reflect this 1-for-18&#13;reverse stock split.&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;u&gt;Fair&#13;Value Measurements&lt;/u&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;FASB&#13;ASC 820, "Fair Value Measurements" defines fair value for certain financial and nonfinancial assets and liabilities&#13;that are recorded at fair value, establishes a framework for measuring fair value and expands disclosures about fair value measurements.&#13;It requires that an entity measure its financial instruments to base fair value on exit price, maximize the use of observable&#13;units and minimize the use of unobservable inputs to determine the exit price. It establishes a hierarchy which prioritizes the&#13;inputs to valuation techniques used to measure fair value. This hierarchy increases the consistency and comparability of fair&#13;value measurements and related disclosures by maximizing the use of observable inputs and minimizing the use of unobservable inputs&#13;by requiring that observable inputs be used when available. Observable inputs are inputs that reflect the assumptions market participants&#13;would use in pricing the assets or liabilities based on market data obtained from sources independent of the Company. Unobservable&#13;inputs are inputs that reflect the Company's own assumptions about the assumptions market participants would use in pricing&#13;the asset or liability developed based on the best information available in the circumstances. The hierarchy prioritizes the inputs&#13;into three broad levels based on the reliability of the inputs as follows:&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 24px; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 24px; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#9679;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;Level&#13;    1 &amp;#8211; Inputs are quoted prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities that the Company has the ability&#13;    to access at the measurement date. Valuation of these instruments does not require a high degree of judgment as the valuations&#13;    are based on quoted prices in active markets that are readily and regularly available.&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;/table&gt;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 24px; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 24px; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#9679;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;Level&#13;    2 &amp;#8211; Inputs other than quoted prices in active markets that are either directly or indirectly observable as of the measurement&#13;    date, such as quoted prices for similar assets or liabilities; quoted prices in markets that are not active; or other inputs&#13;    that are observable or can be corroborated by observable market data for substantially the full term of the assets or liabilities.&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;/table&gt;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 24px; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 24px; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#9679;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;Level&#13;    3 &amp;#8211; Valuations based on inputs that are unobservable and not corroborated by market data. The fair value for such assets&#13;    and liabilities is generally determined using pricing models, discounted cash flow methodologies, or similar techniques that&#13;    incorporate the assumptions a market participant would use in pricing the asset or liability.&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;/table&gt;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;The&#13;carrying values of certain assets and liabilities of the Company, such as cash and cash equivalents, restricted cash, accounts&#13;receivable, due from related parties, inventory, prepaid expenses and other current assets, accounts payable, accrued liabilities,&#13;and due to related parties approximate fair value due to their relatively short maturities. The carrying value of the Company's&#13;short-term bank loan, convertible notes payable, and accrued interest approximates their fair value as the terms of the borrowing&#13;are consistent with current market rates and the duration to maturity is short. The carrying value of the Company's long-term&#13;bank loan approximates fair value because the interest rates approximate market rates that the Company could obtain for debt with&#13;similar terms and maturities.&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;u&gt;Cash&#13;and Cash Equivalents&lt;/u&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;The&#13;Company considers highly liquid investments with maturities of three months or less, when purchased, to be cash equivalents. As&#13;of March 31, 2019 and December 31, 2018, the Company's cash and cash equivalents amounted $981,341 and $226,688, respectively.&#13;Some&amp;#160;of the Company's cash deposits are held in financial institutions located in Taiwan where there is currently regulation&#13;mandated on obligatory insurance of bank accounts. The Company believes this financial institution is of high credit quality.&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&amp;#160;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;u&gt;Restricted&#13;Cash Equivalents&lt;/u&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;Restricted&#13;cash equivalents primarily consist of cash held in a reserve bank account in Taiwan. As of March 31, 2019 and December 31, 2018,&#13;the Company's restricted cash equivalents amounted $16,093.&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;u&gt;Concentration&#13;of Credit Risk&lt;/u&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;The&#13;Company's financial instruments that are exposed to concentrations of credit risk consist primarily of cash and cash equivalents.&#13;The Company places its cash and temporary cash investments in high quality credit institutions, but these investments may be in&#13;excess of Taiwan Central Deposit Insurance Corporation and the U.S. Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation's insurance limits.&#13;The Company does not enter into financial instruments for hedging, trading or speculative purposes.&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;u&gt;Revenue&#13;Recognition&lt;/u&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;During&#13;the fiscal year 2018, the Company adopted Accounting Standards Codification ("ASC"), Topic 606 (ASC 606), Revenue&#13;from Contracts with Customers, using the modified retrospective method to all contracts that were not completed as of January&#13;1, 2018, and applying the new revenue standard as an adjustment to the opening balance of accumulated deficit at the beginning&#13;of 2018 for the cumulative effect. The results for the Company's reporting periods beginning on and after January 1, 2018&#13;are presented under ASC 606, while prior period amounts are not adjusted and continue to be reported under the accounting standards&#13;in effect for the prior period. Based on the Company's review of existing collaborative agreements as of January 1, 2018,&#13;the Company concluded that the adoption of the new guidance did not have a significant change on the Company's revenue during&#13;all periods presented.&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;Pursuant&#13;to ASC 606, the Company recognizes revenue when its customer obtains control of promised goods or services, in an amount that&#13;reflects the consideration that the Company expects to receive in exchange for those goods or services. To determine revenue recognition&#13;for arrangements that the Company determines is within the scope of ASC 606, the Company performs the following five steps: (i)&#13;identify the contract(s) with a customer; (ii) identify the performance obligations in the contract; (iii) determine the transaction&#13;price; (iv) allocate the transaction price to the performance obligations in the contract; and (v) recognize revenue when (or&#13;as) the Company satisfies a performance obligation. The Company only applies the five-step model to contracts when it is probable&#13;that the Company will collect the consideration the Company is entitled to in exchange for the goods or services the Company transfers&#13;to the customers. At inception of the contract, once the contract is determined to be within the scope of ASC 606, the Company&#13;assesses the goods or services promised within each contract, determines those that are performance obligations, and assesses&#13;whether each promised good or service is distinct. The Company then recognizes as revenue the amount of the transaction price&#13;that is allocated to the respective performance obligation when (or as) the performance obligation is satisfied.&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;The&#13;following are examples of when the Company recognizes revenue based on the types of payments the Company receives.&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;b&gt;Merchandise&#13;Sales &amp;#8212;&amp;#160;&lt;/b&gt;The Company recognizes net revenues from dietary supplements product sales when customers obtain control&#13;of the Company's products, which typically occurs upon delivery to customer. Product revenues are recorded at the net sales&#13;price, or "transaction price," which includes applicable reserves for variable consideration, including discounts,&#13;allowances, and returns.&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;i&gt;Trade&#13;discount and allowances&lt;/i&gt;: The Company generally provides invoice discounts on product sales to its customers for prompt payment.&#13;The Company estimates that, based on its experience, its customers will earn these discounts and fees, and deducts the full amount&#13;of these discounts and fees from its gross product revenues and accounts receivable at the time such revenues are recognized.&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;i&gt;Product&#13;returns:&lt;/i&gt;&amp;#160;The Company estimates the amount of each product that will be returned and deducts these estimated amounts from&#13;its gross revenues at the time the revenues are recognized. The Company's customers have the right to return unopened packages,&#13;subject to contractual limitations.&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;To&#13;date, product allowance and returns have been minimal and, based on its experience, the Company believes that returns of its products&#13;will continue to be minimal.&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;b&gt;Collaborative&#13;Revenues &amp;#8212;&lt;/b&gt;&amp;#160;The Company recognizes collaborative revenues generated through collaborative research, development&#13;and/or commercialization agreements. The terms of these agreements typically include payment to the Company related to one or&#13;more of the following: nonrefundable upfront license fees, development and commercial milestones, partial or complete reimbursement&#13;of research and development costs, and royalties on net sales of licensed products. Each type of payments results in collaborative&#13;revenues except for revenues from royalties on net sales of licensed products, which are classified as royalty revenues. To date,&#13;we have not received any royalty revenues. Revenue is recognized upon satisfaction of a performance obligation by transferring&#13;control of a good or service to the collaboration partners.&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;As&#13;part of the accounting for these arrangements, the Company applies judgment to determine whether the performance obligations are&#13;distinct, and develop assumptions in determining the stand-alone selling price for each distinct performance obligation identified&#13;in the collaboration agreements. To determine the stand-alone selling price, the Company relies on assumptions which may include&#13;forecasted revenues, development timelines, reimbursement rates for R&amp;#38;D personnel costs, discount rates and probabilities&#13;of technical and regulatory success.&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;The&#13;Company had multiple deliverables under the collaborative agreements, including deliverables relating to grants of technology&#13;licenses, regulatory and clinical development, and marketing activities. Estimation of the performance periods of the Company's&#13;deliverables requires the use of management's judgment. Significant factors considered in management's evaluation&#13;of the estimated performance periods include, but are not limited to, the Company's experience in conducting clinical development,&#13;regulatory and manufacturing activities. The Company reviews the estimated duration of its performance periods under its collaborative&#13;agreements on an annually basis, and makes any appropriate adjustments on a prospective basis. Future changes in estimates of&#13;the performance period under its collaborative agreements could impact the timing of future revenue recognition.&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%"&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#13;    &#13;    &lt;td style="width: 24px; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;(i)&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;Nonrefundable&#13;    upfront payments&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;/table&gt;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;If&#13;a license to the Company's intellectual property is determined to be distinct from the other performance obligations identified&#13;in an arrangement, the Company recognizes revenue from the related nonrefundable upfront payments based on the relative standalone&#13;selling price prescribed to the license compared to the total selling price of the arrangement. The revenue is recognized when&#13;the license is transferred to the collaboration partners and the collaboration partners are able to use and benefit from the license.&#13;To date, the receipt of nonrefundable upfront fees was solely for the compensation of past research efforts and contributions&#13;made by the Company before the collaborative agreements entered into and it does not relate to any future obligations and commitments&#13;made between the Company and the collaboration partners in the collaborative agreements.&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%"&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#13;    &#13;    &lt;td style="width: 24px; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;(ii)&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;Milestone&#13;    payments&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;/table&gt;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;The&#13;Company is eligible to receive milestone payments under the collaborative agreement with collaboration partners based on achievement&#13;of specified development, regulatory and commercial events. Management evaluated the nature of the events triggering these contingent&#13;payments, and concluded that these events fall into two categories: (a) events which involve the performance of the Company's&#13;obligations under the collaborative agreement with collaboration partners, and (b) events which do not involve the performance&#13;of the Company's obligations under the collaborative agreement with collaboration partners.&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;The&#13;former category of milestone payments consists of those triggered by development and regulatory activities in the territories&#13;specified in the collaborative agreements. Management concluded that each of these payments constitute substantive milestone payments.&#13;This conclusion was based primarily on the facts that (i) each triggering event represents a specific outcome that can be achieved&#13;only through successful performance by the Company of one or more of its deliverables, (ii) achievement of each triggering event&#13;was subject to inherent risk and uncertainty and would result in additional payments becoming due to the Company, (iii) each of&#13;the milestone payments is nonrefundable, (iv) substantial effort is required to complete each milestone, (v) the amount of each&#13;milestone payment is reasonable in relation to the value created in achieving the milestone, (vi) a substantial amount of time&#13;is expected to pass between the upfront payment and the potential milestone payments, and (vii) the milestone payments relate&#13;solely to past performance. Based on the foregoing, the Company recognizes any revenue from these milestone payments in the period&#13;in which the underlying triggering event occurs.&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&amp;#160;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%"&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#13;    &#13;    &lt;td style="width: 24px; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;(iii)&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;Multiple&#13;    Element Arrangements&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;/table&gt;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;The&#13;Company evaluates multiple element arrangements to determine (1) the deliverables included in the arrangement and (2) whether&#13;the individual deliverables represent separate units of accounting or whether they must be accounted for as a combined unit of&#13;accounting. This evaluation involves subjective determinations and requires management to make judgments about the individual&#13;deliverables and whether such deliverables are separate from other aspects of the contractual relationship. Deliverables are considered&#13;separate units of accounting provided that: (i) the delivered item(s) has value to the customer on a standalone basis and (ii)&#13;if the arrangement includes a general right of return relative to the delivered item(s), delivery or performance of the undelivered&#13;item(s) is considered probable and substantially within its control. In assessing whether an item under a collaboration has standalone&#13;value, the Company considers factors such as the research, manufacturing, and commercialization capabilities of the collaboration&#13;partner and the availability of the associated expertise in the general marketplace. The Company also considers whether its collaboration&#13;partners can use the other deliverable(s) for their intended purpose without the receipt of the remaining element(s), whether&#13;the value of the deliverable is dependent on the undelivered item(s), and whether there are other vendors that can provide the&#13;undelivered element(s).&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;The&#13;Company recognizes arrangement consideration allocated to each unit of accounting when all of the revenue recognition criteria&#13;in ASC 606 are satisfied for that particular unit of accounting. In the event that a deliverable does not represent a separate&#13;unit of accounting, the Company recognizes revenue from the combined unit of accounting over the Company's contractual or&#13;estimated performance period for the undelivered elements, which is typically the term of the Company's research and development&#13;obligations. If there is no discernible pattern of performance or objectively measurable performance measures do not exist, then&#13;the Company recognizes revenue under the arrangement on a straight-line basis over the period the Company is expected to complete&#13;its performance obligations. Conversely, if the pattern of performance in which the service is provided to the customer can be&#13;determined and objectively measurable performance measures exist, then the Company recognizes revenue under the arrangement using&#13;the proportional performance method. Revenue recognized is limited to the lesser of the cumulative amount of payments received&#13;or the cumulative amount of revenue earned, as determined using the straight-line method or proportional performance method, as&#13;applicable, as of the period ending date.&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;At&#13;the inception of an arrangement that includes milestone payments, the Company evaluates whether each milestone is substantive&#13;and at risk to both parties on the basis of the contingent nature of the milestone. This evaluation includes an assessment of&#13;whether: (1) the consideration is commensurate with either the Company's performance to achieve the milestone or the enhancement&#13;of the value of the delivered item(s) as a result of a specific outcome resulting from its performance to achieve the milestone,&#13;(2) the consideration relates solely to past performance and (3) the consideration is reasonable relative to all of the deliverables&#13;and payment terms within the arrangement. The Company evaluates factors such as the scientific, clinical, regulatory, commercial,&#13;and other risks that must be overcome to achieve the particular milestone and the level of effort and investment required to achieve&#13;the particular milestone in making this assessment. There is considerable judgment involved in determining whether a milestone&#13;satisfies all of the criteria required to conclude that a milestone is substantive. Milestones that are not considered substantive&#13;are recognized as earned if there are no remaining performance obligations or over the remaining period of performance, assuming&#13;all other revenue recognition criteria are met.&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%"&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#13;    &#13;    &lt;td style="width: 24px; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;(iv)&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;Royalties&#13;    and Profit Sharing Payments&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;/table&gt;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;Under&#13;the collaborative agreement with the collaboration partners, the Company is entitled to receive royalties on sales of products,&#13;which is at certain percentage of the net sales. The Company recognizes revenue from these events based on the revenue recognition&#13;criteria set forth in ASC 606. Based on those criteria, the Company considers these payments to be contingent revenues, and recognizes&#13;them as revenue in the period in which the applicable contingency is resolved.&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;u&gt;Property&#13;and Equipment&lt;/u&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;i&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;Property&#13;and equipment is carried at cost net of accumulated depreciation. Repairs and maintenance are expensed as incurred. Expenditures&#13;that improve the functionality of the related asset or extend the useful life are capitalized. When property and equipment is&#13;retired or otherwise disposed of, the related gain or loss is included in operating income. Leasehold improvements are depreciated&#13;on the straight-line method over the shorter of the remaining lease term or estimated useful life of the asset. Depreciation is&#13;calculated on the straight-line method, including property and equipment under capital leases, generally based on the following&#13;useful lives:&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-collapse: collapse"&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 87%; text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 12%; border-bottom: black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;b&gt;Estimated&amp;#160;Life&amp;#160;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&#13;    &lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;b&gt;in Years&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="background-color: #CCEEFF; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="vertical-align: top; text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;Buildings&#13;    and leasehold improvements&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: center; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;5&#13;    ~ 50&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="background-color: white; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="vertical-align: top; text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;Machinery&#13;    and equipment&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: center; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;5&#13;    ~ 10&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="background-color: #CCEEFF; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="vertical-align: top; text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;Office&#13;    equipment&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: center; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;3&#13;    ~ 6&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;/table&gt;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;i&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;u&gt;Impairment&#13;of Long-Lived Assets&lt;/u&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;The&#13;Company has adopted Accounting Standards Codification subtopic 360-10, Property, Plant and Equipment ("ASC 360-10").&#13;ASC 360-10 requires that long-lived assets and certain identifiable intangibles held and used by the Company be reviewed for impairment&#13;whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying amount of an asset may not be recoverable. The Company&#13;evaluates its long-lived assets for impairment annually or more often if events and circumstances warrant. Events relating to&#13;recoverability may include significant unfavorable changes in business conditions, recurring losses, or a forecasted inability&#13;to achieve break-even operating results over an extended period. Should impairment in value be indicated, the carrying value of&#13;intangible assets will be adjusted, based on estimates of future discounted cash flows resulting from the use and ultimate disposition&#13;of the asset. ASC 360-10 also requires assets to be disposed of be reported at the lower of the carrying amount or the fair value&#13;less costs to sell.&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;u&gt;Long-term&#13;Equity Investment&lt;/u&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;The&#13;Company acquires the equity investments to promote business and strategic objectives. The Company accounts for non-marketable&#13;equity and other equity investments for which the Company does not have control over the investees as:&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 24px; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 24px; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#9679;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;Equity&#13;    method investments when the Company has the ability to exercise significant influence, but not control, over the investee.&#13;    Its proportionate share of the income or loss is recognized monthly and is recorded in gains (losses) on equity investments.&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;/table&gt;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%"&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 24px; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 24px; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#9679;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;Non-marketable&#13;    cost method investments when the equity method does not apply.&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;/table&gt;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;Significant&#13;judgment is required to identify whether an impairment exists in the valuation of the Company's non-marketable equity investments,&#13;and therefore the Company considers this a critical accounting estimate. Its yearly analysis considers both qualitative and quantitative&#13;factors that may have a significant impact on the investee's fair value. Qualitative analysis of its investments involves&#13;understanding the financial performance and near-term prospects of the investee, changes in general market conditions in the investee's&#13;industry or geographic area, and the management and governance structure of the investee. Quantitative assessments of the fair&#13;value of its investments are developed using the market and income approaches. The market approach includes the use of comparable&#13;financial metrics of private and public companies and recent financing rounds. The income approach includes the use of a discounted&#13;cash flow model, which requires significant estimates regarding the investees' revenue, costs, and discount rates. The Company's&#13;assessment of these factors in determining whether an impairment exists could change in the future due to new developments or&#13;changes in applied assumptions.&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;u&gt;Other-Than-Temporary&#13;Impairment&lt;/u&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;The&#13;Company's long-term equity investments are subject to a periodic impairment review. Impairments affect earnings as follows:&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 24px; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 24px; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#9679;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;Marketable&#13;    equity securities include the consideration of general market conditions, the duration and extent to which the fair value&#13;    is below cost, and our ability and intent to hold the investment for a sufficient period of time to allow for recovery of&#13;    value in the foreseeable future. The Company also considers specific adverse conditions related to the financial health of,&#13;    and the business outlook for, the investee, which may include industry and sector performance, changes in technology, operational&#13;    and financing cash flow factors, and changes in the investee's credit rating. The Company records other-than-temporary&#13;    impairments on marketable equity securities and marketable equity method investments in gains (losses) on equity investments.&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;/table&gt;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 24px; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 24px; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#9679;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;Non-marketable&#13;    equity investments based on the Company's assessment of the severity and duration of the impairment, and qualitative&#13;    and quantitative analysis of the operating performance of the investee; adverse changes in market conditions and the regulatory&#13;    or economic environment; changes in operating structure or management of the investee; additional funding requirements; and&#13;    the investee's ability to remain in business. A series of operating losses of an investee or other factors may indicate&#13;    that a decrease in value of the investment has occurred that is other than temporary and that shall be recognized even though&#13;    the decrease in value is in excess of what would otherwise be recognized by application of the equity method. A loss in value&#13;    of an investment that is other than a temporary decline shall be recognized. Evidence of a loss in value might include, but&#13;    would not necessarily be limited to, absence of an ability to recover the carrying amount of the investment or inability of&#13;    the investee to sustain an earnings capacity that would justify the carrying amount of the investment. The Company records&#13;    other-than-temporary impairments for non-marketable cost method investments and equity method investments in gains (losses)&#13;    on equity investments. Other-than-temporary impairments of equity investments were $0 for the three months ended March 31,&#13;    2019 and 2018, respectively.&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;/table&gt;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;u&gt;Goodwill&lt;/u&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;The&#13;Company evaluates goodwill for impairment annually or more frequently when an event occurs or circumstances change that indicate&#13;the carrying value may not be recoverable. In testing goodwill for impairment, the Company may elect to utilize a qualitative&#13;assessment to evaluate whether it is more likely than not that the fair value of a reporting unit is less than its carrying amount.&#13;If the qualitative assessment indicates that goodwill impairment is more likely than not, the Company performs a two-step impairment&#13;test. The Company tests goodwill for impairment under the two-step impairment test by first comparing the book value of net assets&#13;to the fair value of the reporting units. If the fair value is determined to be less than the book value or qualitative factors&#13;indicate that it is more likely than not that goodwill is impaired, a second step is performed to compute the amount of impairment&#13;as the difference between the estimated fair value of goodwill and the carrying value. The Company estimates the fair value of&#13;the reporting units using discounted cash flows. Forecasts of future cash flows are based on our best estimate of future net sales&#13;and operating expenses, based primarily on expected category expansion, pricing, market segment share, and general economic conditions.&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;The&#13;Company completed the required testing of goodwill for impairment at the closing of Merger of BioKey on February 8, 2019, and&#13;determined that goodwill was impaired because of the current financial condition of the Company and the Company's inability&#13;to generate future operating income without substantial sales volume increases, which are highly uncertain. Furthermore, the Company&#13;anticipates future cash flows indicate that the recoverability of goodwill is not reasonably assured.&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;u&gt;Research&#13;and Development Expenses&lt;/u&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;The&#13;Company accounts for the cost of using licensing rights in research and development cost according to ASC Topic 730-10-25-1. This&#13;guidance provides that absent alternative future uses the acquisition of product rights to be used in research and development&#13;activities must be charged to research and development expenses when incurred.&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;For&#13;CDMO business unit, the Company accounts for R&amp;#38;D costs in accordance with Accounting Standards Codification ("ASC")&#13;730, Research and Development ("ASC 730"). Research and development expenses are charged to expense as incurred unless&#13;there is an alternative future use in other research and development projects or otherwise. Research and development expenses&#13;are comprised of costs incurred in performing research and development activities, including personnel-related costs, facilities-related&#13;overhead, and outside contracted services including clinical trial costs, manufacturing and process development costs for both&#13;clinical and preclinical materials, research costs, and other consulting services. Non-refundable advance payment for goods and&#13;services that will be used in future research and development activities are expensed when the activity has been performed or&#13;when the goods have been received rather than when the payment is made. In instances where the Company enters into agreements&#13;with third parties to provide research and development services, costs are expensed as services are performed.&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&amp;#160;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;u&gt;Post-retirement&#13;and post-employment benefits&lt;/u&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;i&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;The&#13;Company's subsidiaries in Taiwan adopted the government mandated defined contribution plan pursuant to the Labor Pension&#13;Act (the "Act") in Taiwan. Such labor regulations require that the rate of contribution made by an employer to the&#13;Labor Pension Fund per month shall not be less than 6% of the worker's monthly salaries. Pursuant to the Act, the Company&#13;makes monthly contribution equal to 6% of employees' salaries to the employees' pension fund. The Company has no legal&#13;obligation for the benefits beyond the contributions made. The total amounts for such employee benefits, which were expensed as&#13;incurred, were $4,424 and $5,586 for the three months ended March 31, 2019 and 2018, respectively. Other than the above, the Company&#13;does not provide any other post-retirement or post-employment benefits.&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;u&gt;Stock-based&#13;Compensation&lt;/u&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;The&#13;Company measures expense associated with all employee stock-based compensation awards using a fair value method and recognizes&#13;such expense in the consolidated financial statements on a straight-line basis over the requisite service period in accordance&#13;with FASB ASC Topic 718 "Compensation-Stock Compensation". Total employee stock-based compensation expenses were $0&#13;for the three months ended March 31, 2019 and 2018.&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;The&#13;Company accounted for stock-based compensation to non-employees in accordance with FASB ASC Topic 718 "Compensation-Stock&#13;Compensation" and FASB ASC Topic 505-50 "Equity-Based Payments to Non-Employees" which requires that the cost&#13;of services received from non-employees is measured at fair value at the earlier of the performance commitment date or the date&#13;service is completed and recognized over the period the service is provided. Total non-employee stock-based compensation expenses&#13;were $8,550 and $5,626 for the three months ended March 31, 2019 and 2018, respectively.&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;u&gt;Beneficial&#13;Conversion Feature&lt;/u&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;i&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;From&#13;time to time, the Company may issue convertible notes that may contain an imbedded beneficial conversion feature. A beneficial&#13;conversion feature exists on the date a convertible note is issued when the fair value of the underlying common stock to which&#13;the note is convertible into is in excess of the remaining unallocated proceeds of the note after first considering the allocation&#13;of a portion of the note proceeds to the fair value of the warrants, if related warrants have been granted. The intrinsic value&#13;of the beneficial conversion feature is recorded as a debt discount with a corresponding amount to additional paid in capital.&#13;The debt discount is amortized to interest expense over the life of the note using the effective interest method.&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;u&gt;Income&#13;Taxes&lt;/u&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 40.2pt"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;The&#13;Company accounts for income taxes using the asset and liability approach which allows the recognition and measurement of deferred&#13;tax assets to be based upon the likelihood of realization of tax benefits in future years. Under the asset and liability approach,&#13;deferred taxes are provided for the net tax effects of temporary differences between the carrying amounts of assets and liabilities&#13;for financial reporting purposes and the amounts used for income tax purposes. A valuation allowance is provided for deferred&#13;tax assets if it is more likely than not these items will expire before the Company is able to realize their benefits, or future&#13;deductibility is uncertain.&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;Under&#13;ASC 740, a tax position is recognized as a benefit only if it is&amp;#160;"more likely than not"&amp;#160;that the tax position&#13;would be sustained in a tax examination, with a tax examination being presumed to occur. The evaluation of a tax position is a&#13;two-step process. The first step is to determine whether it is more-likely-than-not that a tax position will be sustained upon&#13;examination, including the resolution of any related appeals or litigations based on the technical merits of that position. The&#13;second step is to measure a tax position that meets the more-likely-than-not threshold to determine the amount of benefits recognized&#13;in the financial statements. A tax position is measured at the largest amount of benefit that is greater than 50 percent likely&#13;of being realized upon ultimate settlement. Tax positions that previously failed to meet the more-likely-than-not recognition&#13;threshold should be recognized in the first subsequent period in which the threshold is met. Previously recognized tax positions&#13;that no longer meet the more-likely-than-not criteria should be de-recognized in the first subsequent financial reporting period&#13;in which the threshold is no longer satisfied. Penalties and interest incurred related to underpayment of income tax are classified&#13;as income tax expense in the year incurred. No significant penalty or interest relating to income taxes has been incurred for&#13;the three months ended March 31, 2019 and 2018. GAAP also provides guidance on de-recognition, classification, interest and penalties,&#13;accounting in interim periods, disclosures and transition.&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; background-color: white"&gt;On&#13;December 22, 2017, the SEC issued Staff Accounting Bulletin ("SAB 118"), which provides guidance on accounting for&#13;tax effects of the Tax Act. SAB 118 provides a measurement period that should not extend beyond one year from the Tax Act enactment&#13;date for companies to complete the accounting under ASC 740. In accordance with SAB 118, a company must reflect the income tax&#13;effects of those aspects of the Act for which the accounting under ASC 740 is complete. To the extent that a company's accounting&#13;for certain income tax effects of the Tax Act is incomplete but it is able to determine a reasonable estimate, it must record&#13;a provisional estimate to be included in the financial statements. If a company cannot determine a provisional estimate to be&#13;included in the financial statements, it should continue to apply ASC 740 on the basis of the provision of the tax laws that were&#13;in effect immediately before the enactment of the Tax Act. While the Company is able to make reasonable estimates of the impact&#13;of the reduction in corporate rate and the deemed repatriation transition tax, the final impact of the Tax Act may differ from&#13;these estimates, due to, among other things, changes in our interpretations and assumptions, additional guidance that may be issued&#13;by the I.R.S., and actions the Company may take. The Company is continuing to gather additional information to determine the final&#13;impact.&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;u&gt;Valuation&#13;of Deferred Tax Assets&amp;#160;&lt;/u&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;A&#13;valuation allowance is recorded to reduce the Company's deferred tax assets to the amount that is more likely than not to&#13;be realized. In assessing the need for the valuation allowance, management considers, among other things, projections of future&#13;taxable income and ongoing prudent and feasible tax planning strategies. If the Company determines that sufficient negative evidence&#13;exists, then it will consider recording a valuation allowance against a portion or all of the deferred tax assets in that jurisdiction.&#13;If, after recording a valuation allowance, the Company's projections of future taxable income and other positive evidence&#13;considered in evaluating the need for a valuation allowance prove, with the benefit of hindsight, to be inaccurate, it could prove&#13;to be more difficult to support the realization of its deferred tax assets. As a result, an additional valuation allowance could&#13;be required, which would have an adverse impact on its effective income tax rate and results. Conversely, if, after recording&#13;a valuation allowance, the Company determines that sufficient positive evidence exists in the jurisdiction in which the valuation&#13;allowance was recorded, it may reverse a portion or all of the valuation allowance in that jurisdiction. In such situations, the&#13;adjustment made to the deferred tax asset would have a favorable impact on its effective income tax rate and results in the period&#13;such determination was made.&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;u&gt;Loss&#13;Per Share of Common Stock&lt;/u&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;The&#13;Company calculates net loss per share in accordance with ASC Topic 260, "Earnings per Share". Basic loss per share&#13;is computed by dividing the net loss by the weighted average number of common shares outstanding during the period. Diluted loss&#13;per share is computed similar to basic loss per share except that the denominator is increased to include the number of additional&#13;common shares that would have been outstanding if the potential common stock equivalents had been issued and if the additional&#13;common shares were dilutive. Diluted earnings per share excludes all dilutive potential shares if their effect is anti-dilutive.&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;u&gt;Commitments&#13;and Contingencies&lt;/u&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;The&#13;Company has adopted ASC Topic 450 "Contingencies" subtopic 20, in determining its accruals and disclosures with respect&#13;to loss contingencies. Accordingly, estimated losses from loss contingencies are accrued by a charge to income when information&#13;available before financial statements are issued or are available to be issued indicates that it is probable that an assets had&#13;been impaired or a liability had been incurred at the date of the financial statements and the amount of the loss can be reasonably&#13;estimated. Legal expenses associated with the contingency are expensed as incurred. If a loss contingency is not probable or reasonably&#13;estimable, disclosure of the loss contingency is made in the financial statements when it is at least reasonably possible that&#13;a material loss could be incurred.&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;u&gt;Foreign-currency&#13;Transactions&amp;#160;&lt;/u&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;For&#13;the Company's subsidiaries in Taiwan, the foreign-currency transactions are recorded in New Taiwan dollars ("NTD")&#13;at the rates of exchange in effect when the transactions occur. Gains or losses resulting from the application of different foreign&#13;exchange rates when cash in foreign currency is converted into New Taiwan dollars, or when foreign-currency receivables or payables&#13;are settled, are credited or charged to income in the year of conversion or settlement. On the balance sheet dates, the balances&#13;of foreign-currency assets and liabilities are restated at the prevailing exchange rates and the resulting differences are charged&#13;to current income except for those foreign currencies denominated investments in shares of stock where such differences are accounted&#13;for as translation adjustments under the Statements of Stockholders' Equity (Deficit).&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;u&gt;Translation&#13;Adjustment&amp;#160;&lt;/u&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;The&#13;accounts of the Company's subsidiaries in Taiwan were maintained, and their financial statements were expressed, in New&#13;Taiwan Dollar ("NT$"). Such financial statements were translated into U.S. Dollars ("$" or "USD")&#13;in accordance ASC 830, "Foreign Currency Matters", with the NT$ as the functional currency. According to the Statement,&#13;all assets and liabilities are translated at the current exchange rate, stockholder's deficit are translated at the historical&#13;rates and income statement items are translated at an average exchange rate for the period. The resulting translation adjustments&#13;are reported under other comprehensive income (loss) as a component of stockholders' equity (deficit).&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;u&gt;Recent&#13;Accounting Pronouncements&lt;/u&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;In&#13;August 2018, the FASB issued ASU 2018-13, Fair Value Measurement ("Topic 820"): Disclosure Framework - Changes to&#13;the Disclosure Requirements for Fair Value Measurement ("ASU 2018-13"). The ASU modifies the disclosure requirements&#13;in Topic 820, Fair Value Measurement, by removing certain disclosure requirements related to the fair value hierarchy, modifying&#13;existing disclosure requirements related to measurement uncertainty and adding new disclosure requirements, such as disclosing&#13;the changes in unrealized gains and losses for the period included in other comprehensive income for recurring Level 3 fair value&#13;measurements held at the end of the reporting period and disclosing the range and weighted average of significant unobservable&#13;inputs used to develop Level 3 fair value measurements. This ASU is effective for public companies for annual reporting periods&#13;and interim periods within those annual periods beginning after December 15, 2019. The Company is currently evaluating the effect,&#13;if any, that the ASU 2018-13 will have on its consolidated financial statements.&amp;#160;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;</us-gaap:BusinessDescriptionAndAccountingPoliciesTextBlock>
    <us-gaap:BusinessDescriptionAndAccountingPoliciesTextBlock contextRef="From2018-01-01to2018-12-31">&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;b&gt;2.&#13;SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;u&gt;Basis&#13;of Presentation&lt;/u&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;The&#13;accompanying consolidated financial statements have been prepared in accordance with the generally accepted accounting principles&#13;in the United States of America (the "U.S. GAAP"). All significant intercompany transactions and account balances&#13;have been eliminated.&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;This&#13;basis of accounting involves the application of accrual accounting and consequently, revenues and gains are recognized when earned,&#13;and expenses and losses are recognized when incurred. The Company's financial statements are expressed in U.S. dollars.&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;u&gt;Fiscal&#13;Year&lt;/u&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;The&#13;Company changed its fiscal year from the period beginning on October 1st and ending on September 30th to the period beginning&#13;on January 1st and ending on December 31st, beginning January 1, 2018. All references herein to a fiscal year prior to December&#13;31, 2017 refer to the twelve months ended September 30th of such year.&amp;#160;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;u&gt;Use&#13;of Estimates&lt;/u&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;The&#13;preparation of financial statements in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America&#13;requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosure&#13;of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the consolidated financial statements and the amount of revenues and expenses&#13;during the reporting periods. Actual results could differ materially from those results.&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;u&gt;Reclassifications&lt;/u&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;Certain&#13;classifications have been made to the prior year financial statements to conform to the current year presentation. The reclassification&#13;had no impact on previously reported net loss or accumulated deficit.&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;u&gt;Forward&#13;Stock split&lt;/u&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;On&#13;March 21, 2016, the Board of Directors of the Company approved an amendment to Articles of Incorporation to effect a forward split&#13;at a ratio of 1 to 3.141 and increase the number of our authorized shares of Common Stock, par value $0.001 per share, to 360,000,000,&#13;which was effective on April 8, 2016. The majority of the shareholders of the Company approved the amendment to Articles of Incorporation.&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;u&gt;Fair&#13;Value Measurements&lt;/u&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;The&#13;Company applies the provisions of ASC Subtopic 820-10,&amp;#160;"Fair Value Measurements",&amp;#160;for fair value measurements&#13;of financial assets and financial liabilities and for fair value measurements of nonfinancial items that are recognized or disclosed&#13;at fair value in the financial statements. ASC 820 also establishes a framework for measuring fair value and expands disclosures&#13;about fair value measurements.&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;Fair&#13;value is defined as the price that would be received to sell an asset or paid to transfer a liability in an orderly transaction&#13;between market participants at the measurement date. When determining the fair value measurements for assets and liabilities,&#13;the Company considers the principal or most advantageous market in which it would transact and it considers assumptions that market&#13;participants would use when pricing the asset or liability.&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;ASC&#13;820 establishes a fair value hierarchy that requires an entity to maximize the use of observable inputs and minimize the use of&#13;unobservable inputs when measuring fair value. ASC 820 establishes three levels of inputs to measure fair value. The hierarchy&#13;gives the highest priority to unadjusted quoted prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities (Level 1 measurements)&#13;and the lowest priority to measurements involving significant unobservable inputs (Level 3 measurements). The three levels of&#13;the fair value hierarchy are as follows:&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"&gt;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#13;&lt;td style="width: 0.25in; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 0.25in; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#9679;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;Level&#13;                                         1 inputs to the valuation methodology are quoted prices (unadjusted) for identical assets&#13;                                         or liabilities in active markets.&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#13;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#13;&lt;td style="width: 0.25in; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 0.25in; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#9679;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;Level&#13;                                         2 inputs to the valuation methodology include quoted prices for similar assets and liabilities&#13;                                         in active markets, and inputs that are observable for the assets or liability, either&#13;                                         directly or indirectly, for substantially the full term of the financial instruments.&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#13;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#13;&lt;td style="width: 0.25in; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 0.25in; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#9679;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;Level&#13;                                         3 inputs to the valuation methodology are unobservable and significant to the fair value.&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;/table&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;The&#13;carrying values of certain assets and liabilities of the Company, such as cash and cash equivalents, due from related parties,&#13;accrued expenses, and due to related parties approximate fair value due to their relatively short maturities. The carrying value&#13;of the Company's convertible notes payable and accrued interest approximates their fair value as the terms of the borrowing&#13;are consistent with current market rates.&amp;#160;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;u&gt;Cash&#13;and Cash Equivalents&lt;/u&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;The&#13;Company considers highly liquid investments with maturities of three months or less, when purchased, to be cash equivalents. As&#13;of December 31, 2018 and 2017, the Company's cash and cash equivalents amounted $40,044 and $93,332, respectively. Some&amp;#160;of&#13;the Company's cash deposits are held in financial institutions located in Taiwan where there is currently regulation mandated&#13;on obligatory insurance of bank accounts. The Company believes this financial institution is of high credit quality.&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;u&gt;Restricted&#13;Cash Equivalents&lt;/u&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;Restricted&#13;cash equivalents primarily consist of cash held in a reserve bank account in Taiwan.&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;u&gt;Concentration&#13;of Credit Risk&lt;/u&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;The&#13;Company's financial instruments that are exposed to concentrations of credit risk consist primarily of cash and cash equivalents.&#13;The Company places its cash and temporary cash investments in high quality credit institutions, but these investments may be in&#13;excess of Taiwan Central Deposit Insurance Corporation and the U.S. Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation's insurance limits.&#13;The Company does not enter into financial instruments for hedging, trading or speculative purposes.&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&amp;#160;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;u&gt;Revenue&#13;Recognition&lt;/u&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;i&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; background-color: white"&gt;The&#13;Company has yet to realize revenues from operations.&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;During&#13;the fiscal year 2018, the Company adopted Accounting Standards Codification ("ASC"), Topic 606 (ASC 606), Revenue&#13;from Contracts with Customers, using the modified retrospective method to all contracts that were not completed as of January&#13;1, 2018, and applying the new revenue standard as an adjustment to the opening balance of accumulated deficit at the beginning&#13;of 2018 for the cumulative effect. The results for the Company's reporting periods beginning on and after January 1, 2018&#13;are presented under ASC 606, while prior period amounts are not adjusted and continue to be reported under the accounting standards&#13;in effect for the prior period. Based on the Company's review of existing collaborative agreements as of January 1, 2018,&#13;the Company concluded that the adoption of the new guidance did not have a significant change on the Company's revenue during&#13;all periods presented.&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;Pursuant&#13;to ASC 606, the Company recognizes revenue when its customer obtains control of promised goods or services, in an amount that&#13;reflects the consideration that the Company expects to receive in exchange for those goods or services. To determine revenue recognition&#13;for arrangements that the Company determines is within the scope of ASC 606, the Company performs the following five steps: (i)&#13;identify the contract(s) with a customer; (ii) identify the performance obligations in the contract; (iii) determine the transaction&#13;price; (iv) allocate the transaction price to the performance obligations in the contract; and (v) recognize revenue when (or&#13;as) the Company satisfies a performance obligation. The Company only applies the five-step model to contracts when it is probable&#13;that the Company will collect the consideration the Company is entitled to in exchange for the goods or services the Company transfers&#13;to the customers. At inception of the contract, once the contract is determined to be within the scope of ASC 606, the Company&#13;assesses the goods or services promised within each contract, determines those that are performance obligations, and assesses&#13;whether each promised good or service is distinct. The Company then recognizes as revenue the amount of the transaction price&#13;that is allocated to the respective performance obligation when (or as) the performance obligation is satisfied.&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;The&#13;following are examples of when the Company recognizes revenue based on the types of payments the Company receives.&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 0 0.25in; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;i&gt;Collaborative&#13;Revenues&lt;/i&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;b&gt;&amp;#8212;&amp;#160;&lt;/b&gt;The Company recognizes collaborative revenues generated through collaborative research,&#13;development and/or commercialization agreements. The terms of these agreements typically include payment to the Company related&#13;to one or more of the following: nonrefundable upfront license fees, development and commercial milestones, partial or complete&#13;reimbursement of research and development costs, and royalties on net sales of licensed products. Each type of payments results&#13;in collaborative revenues except for revenues from royalties on net sales of licensed products, which are classified as royalty&#13;revenues. To date, we have not received any royalty revenues. Revenue is recognized upon satisfaction of a performance obligation&#13;by transferring control of a good or service to the collaboration partners.&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 0 0.25in; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 0 0.25in; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;As&#13;part of the accounting for these arrangements, the Company applies judgment to determine whether the performance obligations are&#13;distinct, and develop assumptions in determining the stand-alone selling price for each distinct performance obligation identified&#13;in the collaboration agreements. To determine the stand-alone selling price, the Company relies on assumptions which may include&#13;forecasted revenues, development timelines, reimbursement rates for R&amp;#38;D personnel costs, discount rates and probabilities&#13;of technical and regulatory success.&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 0 0.25in; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 0 0.25in; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;The&#13;Company had multiple deliverables under the collaborative agreements, including deliverables relating to grants of technology&#13;licenses, regulatory and clinical development, and marketing activities. Estimation of the performance periods of the Company's&#13;deliverables requires the use of management's judgment. Significant factors considered in management's evaluation&#13;of the estimated performance periods include, but are not limited to, the Company's experience in conducting clinical development,&#13;regulatory and manufacturing activities. The Company reviews the estimated duration of its performance periods under its collaborative&#13;agreements on an annually basis, and makes any appropriate adjustments on a prospective basis. Future changes in estimates of&#13;the performance period under its collaborative agreements could impact the timing of future revenue recognition.&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&amp;#160;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%"&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 24px; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 24px; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;(i)&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;Nonrefundable&#13;    upfront payments&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;/table&gt;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 0 0.25in; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;If&#13;a license to the Company's intellectual property is determined to be distinct from the other performance obligations identified&#13;in an arrangement, the Company recognizes revenue from the related nonrefundable upfront payments based on the relative standalone&#13;selling price prescribed to the license compared to the total selling price of the arrangement. The revenue is recognized when&#13;the license is transferred to the collaboration partners and the collaboration partners are able to use and benefit from the license.&#13;To date, the receipt of nonrefundable upfront fees was solely for the compensation of past research efforts and contributions&#13;made by the Company before the collaborative agreements entered into and it does not relate to any future obligations and commitments&#13;made between the Company and the collaboration partners in the collaborative agreements.&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%"&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 24px; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 24px; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;(ii)&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;Milestone&#13;    payments&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;/table&gt;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 0 0.25in; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;The&#13;Company is eligible to receive milestone payments under the collaborative agreement with collaboration partners based on achievement&#13;of specified development, regulatory and commercial events. Management evaluated the nature of the events triggering these contingent&#13;payments, and concluded that these events fall into two categories: (a) events which involve the performance of the Company's&#13;obligations under the collaborative agreement with collaboration partners, and (b) events which do not involve the performance&#13;of the Company's obligations under the collaborative agreement with collaboration partners.&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 0 0.25in; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;The&#13;former category of milestone payments consists of those triggered by development and regulatory activities in the territories&#13;specified in the collaborative agreements. Management concluded that each of these payments constitute substantive milestone payments.&#13;This conclusion was based primarily on the facts that (i) each triggering event represents a specific outcome that can be achieved&#13;only through successful performance by the Company of one or more of its deliverables, (ii) achievement of each triggering event&#13;was subject to inherent risk and uncertainty and would result in additional payments becoming due to the Company, (iii) each of&#13;the milestone payments is nonrefundable, (iv) substantial effort is required to complete each milestone, (v) the amount of each&#13;milestone payment is reasonable in relation to the value created in achieving the milestone, (vi) a substantial amount of time&#13;is expected to pass between the upfront payment and the potential milestone payments, and (vii) the milestone payments relate&#13;solely to past performance. Based on the foregoing, the Company recognizes any revenue from these milestone payments in the period&#13;in which the underlying triggering event occurs.&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%"&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 24px; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 24px; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;(iii)&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;Multiple&#13;    Element Arrangements&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;/table&gt;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 0 0.25in; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;The&#13;Company evaluates multiple element arrangements to determine (1)&amp;#160;the deliverables included in the arrangement and (2)&amp;#160;whether&#13;the individual deliverables represent separate units of accounting or whether they must be accounted for as a combined unit of&#13;accounting. This evaluation involves subjective determinations and requires management to make judgments about the individual&#13;deliverables and whether such deliverables are separate from other aspects of the contractual relationship. Deliverables are considered&#13;separate units of accounting provided that: (i)&amp;#160;the delivered item(s) has value to the customer on a standalone basis and&#13;(ii)&amp;#160;if the arrangement includes a general right of return relative to the delivered item(s), delivery or performance of&#13;the undelivered item(s) is considered probable and substantially within its control. In assessing whether an item under a collaboration&#13;has standalone value, the Company considers factors such as the research, manufacturing, and commercialization capabilities of&#13;the collaboration partner and the availability of the associated expertise in the general marketplace. The Company also considers&#13;whether its collaboration partners can use the other deliverable(s) for their intended purpose without the receipt of the remaining&#13;element(s), whether the value of the deliverable is dependent on the undelivered item(s), and whether there are other vendors&#13;that can provide the undelivered element(s).&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 0 0.25in; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;The&#13;Company recognizes arrangement consideration allocated to each unit of accounting when all of the revenue recognition criteria&#13;in ASC 606 are satisfied for that particular unit of accounting. In the event that a deliverable does not represent a separate&#13;unit of accounting, the Company recognizes revenue from the combined unit of accounting over the Company's contractual or&#13;estimated performance period for the undelivered elements, which is typically the term of the Company's research and development&#13;obligations. If there is no discernible pattern of performance or objectively measurable performance measures do not exist, then&#13;the Company recognizes revenue under the arrangement on a straight-line basis over the period the Company is expected to complete&#13;its performance obligations. Conversely, if the pattern of performance in which the service is provided to the customer can be&#13;determined and objectively measurable performance measures exist, then the Company recognizes revenue under the arrangement using&#13;the proportional performance method. Revenue recognized is limited to the lesser of the cumulative amount of payments received&#13;or the cumulative amount of revenue earned, as determined using the straight-line method or proportional performance method, as&#13;applicable, as of the period ending date.&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 0 0.25in; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;At&#13;the inception of an arrangement that includes milestone payments, the Company evaluates whether each milestone is substantive&#13;and at risk to both parties on the basis of the contingent nature of the milestone. This evaluation includes an assessment of&#13;whether: (1)&amp;#160;the consideration is commensurate with either the Company's performance to achieve the milestone or the&#13;enhancement of the value of the delivered item(s) as a result of a specific outcome resulting from its performance to achieve&#13;the milestone, (2)&amp;#160;the consideration relates solely to past performance and (3)&amp;#160;the consideration is reasonable relative&#13;to all of the deliverables and payment terms within the arrangement. The Company evaluates factors such as the scientific, clinical,&#13;regulatory, commercial, and other risks that must be overcome to achieve the particular milestone and the level of effort and&#13;investment required to achieve the particular milestone in making this assessment. There is considerable judgment involved in&#13;determining whether a milestone satisfies all of the criteria required to conclude that a milestone is substantive. Milestones&#13;that are not considered substantive are recognized as earned if there are no remaining performance obligations or over the remaining&#13;period of performance, assuming all other revenue recognition criteria are met.&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%"&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 24px; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 24px; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;(iv)&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;Royalties&#13;    and Profit Sharing Payments&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;/table&gt;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 0 0.25in; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;Under&#13;the collaborative agreement with the collaboration partners, the Company is entitled to receive royalties on sales of products,&#13;which is at certain percentage of the net sales. The Company recognizes revenue from these events based on the revenue recognition&#13;criteria set forth in ASC 606. Based on those criteria, the Company considers these payments to be contingent revenues, and recognizes&#13;them as revenue in the period in which the applicable contingency is resolved.&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;u&gt;Receivable&#13;from Collaboration Partners&lt;/u&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;Receivable&#13;from collaboration partners is stated at carrying value less estimates made for doubtful receivables. An allowance for impairment&#13;of receivable from collaboration partners is established if the collection of a receivable becomes doubtful. Such receivable becomes&#13;doubtful when there is objective evidence that the Company will not be able to collect all amounts due according to the original&#13;terms of the receivables. Significant financial difficulties of the debtor, probability that the debtor will enter into bankruptcy&#13;or financial reorganization, and default or delinquency in payments are considered indicators that the receivable is impaired.&#13;The amount of the allowance is the difference between the asset's carrying amount and the present value of estimated future&#13;cash flows, discounted at the original effective interest rate.&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;u&gt;Long-term&#13;Equity Investment&lt;/u&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;The&#13;Company acquires the equity investments to promote business and strategic objectives. The Company accounts for non-marketable&#13;equity and other equity investments for which the Company does not have control over the investees as:&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 24px; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 24px; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#9679;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;Equity&#13;    method investments when the Company has the ability to exercise significant influence, but not control, over the investee.&#13;    Its proportionate share of the income or loss is recognized monthly and is recorded in gains (losses) on equity investments.&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 24px; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 24px; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#9679;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;Non-marketable&#13;    cost method investments when the equity method does not apply.&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;/table&gt;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&amp;#160;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;Significant&#13;judgment is required to identify whether an impairment exists in the valuation of the Company's non-marketable equity investments,&#13;and therefore the Company considers this a critical accounting estimate. Its yearly analysis considers both qualitative and quantitative&#13;factors that may have a significant impact on the investee's fair value. Qualitative analysis of its investments involves&#13;understanding the financial performance and near-term prospects of the investee, changes in general market conditions in the investee's&#13;industry or geographic area, and the management and governance structure of the investee. Quantitative assessments of the fair&#13;value of its investments are developed using the market and income approaches. The market approach includes the use of comparable&#13;financial metrics of private and public companies and recent financing rounds. The income approach includes the use of a discounted&#13;cash flow model, which requires significant estimates regarding the investees' revenue, costs, and discount rates. The Company's&#13;assessment of these factors in determining whether an impairment exists could change in the future due to new developments or&#13;changes in applied assumptions.&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;u&gt;Other-Than-Temporary&#13;Impairment&lt;/u&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;i&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;The&#13;Company's long-term equity investments are subject to a periodic impairment review. Impairments affect earnings as follows:&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 24px; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 24px; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#9679;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;Marketable&#13;    equity securities include the consideration of general market conditions, the duration and extent to which the fair value&#13;    is below cost, and our ability and intent to hold the investment for a sufficient period of time to allow for recovery of&#13;    value in the foreseeable future. The Company also considers specific adverse conditions related to the financial health of,&#13;    and the business outlook for, the investee, which may include industry and sector performance, changes in technology, operational&#13;    and financing cash flow factors, and changes in the investee's credit rating. The Company records other-than-temporary&#13;    impairments on marketable equity securities and marketable equity method investments in gains (losses) on equity investments.&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 24px; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 24px; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#9679;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;Non-marketable&#13;    equity investments based on the Company's assessment of the severity and duration of the impairment, and qualitative&#13;    and quantitative analysis of the operating performance of the investee; adverse changes in market conditions and the regulatory&#13;    or economic environment; changes in operating structure or management of the investee; additional funding requirements; and&#13;    the investee's ability to remain in business. A series of operating losses of an investee or other factors may indicate&#13;    that a decrease in value of the investment has occurred that is other than temporary and that shall be recognized even though&#13;    the decrease in value is in excess of what would otherwise be recognized by application of the equity method. A loss in value&#13;    of an investment that is other than a temporary decline shall be recognized. Evidence of a loss in value might include, but&#13;    would not necessarily be limited to, absence of an ability to recover the carrying amount of the investment or inability of&#13;    the investee to sustain an earnings capacity that would justify the carrying amount of the investment. The Company records&#13;    other-than-temporary impairments for non-marketable cost method investments and equity method investments in gains (losses)&#13;    on equity investments. Other-than-temporary impairments of equity investments were $2,549,451 and $0 for the years ended December&#13;    31, 2018 and 2017, respectively.&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;/table&gt;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;u&gt;Research&#13;and Development Expenses&lt;/u&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;The&#13;Company accounts for the cost of using licensing rights in research and development cost according to ASC Topic 730-10-25-1. This&#13;guidance provides that absent alternative future uses the acquisition of product rights to be used in research and development&#13;activities must be charged to research and development expenses when incurred.&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;u&gt;Stock-based&#13;Compensation&lt;/u&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;The&#13;Company measures expense associated with all employee stock-based compensation awards using a fair value method and recognizes&#13;such expense in the consolidated financial statements on a straight-line basis over the requisite service period in accordance&#13;with FASB ASC Topic 718 "Compensation-Stock Compensation". Total employee stock-based compensation expenses were $0&#13;for the years ended December 31, 2018 and 2017.&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;The&#13;Company accounted for stock-based compensation to non-employees in accordance with FASB ASC Topic 718 "Compensation-Stock&#13;Compensation" and FASB ASC Topic 505-50 "Equity-Based Payments to Non-Employees" which requires that the cost&#13;of services received from non-employees is measured at fair value at the earlier of the performance commitment date or the date&#13;service is completed and recognized over the period the service is provided. Total non-employee stock-based compensation expenses&#13;were $28,800 and $155,400 for the years ended December 31, 2018 and 2017, respectively.&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;u&gt;Beneficial&#13;Conversion Feature&lt;/u&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;i&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;From&#13;time to time, the Company may issue convertible notes that may contain an imbedded beneficial conversion feature. A beneficial&#13;conversion feature exists on the date a convertible note is issued when the fair value of the underlying common stock to which&#13;the note is convertible into is in excess of the remaining unallocated proceeds of the note after first considering the allocation&#13;of a portion of the note proceeds to the fair value of the warrants, if related warrants have been granted. The intrinsic value&#13;of the beneficial conversion feature is recorded as a debt discount with a corresponding amount to additional paid in capital.&#13;The debt discount is amortized to interest expense over the life of the note using the effective interest method.&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;u&gt;Income&#13;Taxes&lt;/u&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 40.2pt"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;The&#13;Company accounts for income taxes using the asset and liability approach which allows the recognition and measurement of deferred&#13;tax assets to be based upon the likelihood of realization of tax benefits in future years. Under the asset and liability approach,&#13;deferred taxes are provided for the net tax effects of temporary differences between the carrying amounts of assets and liabilities&#13;for financial reporting purposes and the amounts used for income tax purposes. A valuation allowance is provided for deferred&#13;tax assets if it is more likely than not these items will expire before the Company is able to realize their benefits, or future&#13;deductibility is uncertain.&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;Under&#13;ASC 740, a tax position is recognized as a benefit only if it is&amp;#160;"more likely than not"&amp;#160;that the tax position&#13;would be sustained in a tax examination, with a tax examination being presumed to occur. The evaluation of a tax position is a&#13;two-step process. The first step is to determine whether it is more-likely-than-not that a tax position will be sustained upon&#13;examination, including the resolution of any related appeals or litigations based on the technical merits of that position. The&#13;second step is to measure a tax position that meets the more-likely-than-not threshold to determine the amount of benefits recognized&#13;in the financial statements. A tax position is measured at the largest amount of benefit that is greater than 50 percent likely&#13;of being realized upon ultimate settlement. Tax positions that previously failed to meet the more-likely-than-not recognition&#13;threshold should be recognized in the first subsequent period in which the threshold is met. Previously recognized tax positions&#13;that no longer meet the more-likely-than-not criteria should be de-recognized in the first subsequent financial reporting period&#13;in which the threshold is no longer satisfied. Penalties and interest incurred related to underpayment of income tax are classified&#13;as income tax expense in the year incurred. No significant penalty or interest relating to income taxes has been incurred for&#13;the years ended December 31, 2018 and 2017. GAAP also provides guidance on de-recognition, classification, interest and penalties,&#13;accounting in interim periods, disclosures and transition.&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; background-color: white"&gt;On&#13;December 22, 2017, the SEC issued Staff Accounting Bulletin ("SAB 118"), which provides guidance on accounting for&#13;tax effects of the Tax Act. SAB 118 provides a measurement period that should not extend beyond one year from the Tax Act enactment&#13;date for companies to complete the accounting under ASC 740. In accordance with SAB 118, a company must reflect the income tax&#13;effects of those aspects of the Act for which the accounting under ASC 740 is complete. To the extent that a company's accounting&#13;for certain income tax effects of the Tax Act is incomplete but it is able to determine a reasonable estimate, it must record&#13;a provisional estimate to be included in the financial statements. If a company cannot determine a provisional estimate to be&#13;included in the financial statements, it should continue to apply ASC 740 on the basis of the provision of the tax laws that were&#13;in effect immediately before the enactment of the Tax Act. While the Company is able to make reasonable estimates of the impact&#13;of the reduction in corporate rate and the deemed repatriation transition tax, the final impact of the Tax Act may differ from&#13;these estimates, due to, among other things, changes in our interpretations and assumptions, additional guidance that may be issued&#13;by the I.R.S., and actions we may take. The Company is continuing to gather additional information to determine the final impact.&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;For&#13;the years ended December 31, 2018 and 2017, the Company's income tax expense amounted $1,850 and $830, respectively.&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;u&gt;Loss&#13;Per Share of Common Stock&lt;/u&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;The&#13;Company calculates net loss per share in accordance with ASC Topic 260, "Earnings per Share". Basic loss per share&#13;is computed by dividing the net loss by the weighted average number of common shares outstanding during the period. Diluted loss&#13;per share is computed similar to basic loss per share except that the denominator is increased to include the number of additional&#13;common shares that would have been outstanding if the potential common stock equivalents had been issued and if the additional&#13;common shares were dilutive. Diluted earnings per share excludes all dilutive potential shares if their effect is anti-dilutive.&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;u&gt;Commitments&#13;and Contingencies&lt;/u&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;The&#13;Company has adopted ASC Topic 450 "Contingencies" subtopic 20, in determining its accruals and disclosures with respect&#13;to loss contingencies. Accordingly, estimated losses from loss contingencies are accrued by a charge to income when information&#13;available before financial statements are issued or are available to be issued indicates that it is probable that an assets had&#13;been impaired or a liability had been incurred at the date of the financial statements and the amount of the loss can be reasonably&#13;estimated. Legal expenses associated with the contingency are expensed as incurred. If a loss contingency is not probable or reasonably&#13;estimable, disclosure of the loss contingency is made in the financial statements when it is at least reasonably possible that&#13;a material loss could be incurred.&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;u&gt;Recent&#13;Accounting Pronouncements&lt;/u&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;In&#13;February 2016, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (the "FASB") issued ASU 2016-02, Leases (ASC 842), which was&#13;amended by ASU 2018-11, Leases (ASC 842): Targeted Improvements. The new guidance requires lessee recognition on the balance sheet&#13;of a right-of-use (ROU) asset and a lease liability, initially measured at the present value of the lease payments. It further&#13;requires recognition in the income statement of a single lease cost, calculated so that the cost of the lease is allocated over&#13;the lease term generally on a straight-line basis. Finally, it requires classification of all cash payments within operating activities&#13;in the statement of cash flows. The standard is effective for public companies for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2018&#13;and early adoption is permitted. The standard requires a transition adoption election using either 1) a modified retrospective&#13;approach with periods prior to the adoption date being recast or 2) a prospective adoption approach with a cumulative-effect adjustment&#13;recognized to the opening balance of retained earnings on the adoption date with prior periods not recast. The Company anticipates&#13;adopting this standard with an effective date of January 1, 2019 using the prospective adoption approach. The Company has evaluated&#13;the changes from this standard to its future financial reporting and disclosures, and has designed and implemented related processes&#13;and controls to address these changes. The Company believes the most significant effects relate to (1) the recognition of new&#13;ROU assets and lease liabilities on its balance sheet for its office operating lease; and (2) providing significant new disclosures&#13;about its leasing activities related to the amount, timing and uncertainty of cash flows arising from leases. The Company is continuing&#13;its assessment, which may identify additional impacts this guidance will have on its financial statements and disclosures.&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;On&#13;December 22, 2017, the SEC issued Staff Accounting Bulletin ("SAB 118"), which provides guidance on accounting for&#13;tax effects of the Tax Act. SAB 118 provides a measurement period that should not extend beyond one year from the Tax Act enactment&#13;date for companies to complete the accounting under ASC 740. In accordance with SAB 118, a company must reflect the income tax&#13;effects of those aspects of the Act for which the accounting under ASC 740 is complete.&amp;#160;&lt;font style="background-color: white"&gt;In&#13;March 2018, the FASB issued ASU 2018-05, Amendments to SEC Paragraphs Pursuant to SEC Staff Accounting Bulletin No. 118 (SEC Update),&#13;Income Taxes (Topic 740). ASU 2018-05 provides guidance regarding the recording of tax impacts where uncertainty exists, in the&#13;period of adoption of the 2017 U.S. Tax Cuts and Jobs Act (the "2017 Tax Act").&lt;/font&gt;To the extent that a company's&#13;accounting for certain income tax effects of the Tax Act is incomplete but it is able to determine a reasonable estimate, it must&#13;record a provisional estimate to be included in the financial statements. If a company cannot determine a provisional estimate&#13;to be included in the financial statements, it should continue to apply ASC 740 on the basis of the provision of the tax laws&#13;that were in effect immediately before the enactment of the Tax Act. While the Company is able to make reasonable estimates of&#13;the impact of the reduction in corporate rate and the deemed repatriation transition tax, the final impact of the Tax Act may&#13;differ from these estimates, due to, among other things, changes in its interpretations and assumptions, additional guidance that&#13;may be issued by the I.R.S., and actions that the Company may take. The Company has accounted for the tax effects of the Tax Cuts&#13;and Jobs Act under the guidance of SAB 118, on a provisional basis. The Company's accounting for certain income tax effects&#13;is incomplete, but the Company has determined reasonable estimates for those effects The Company is continuing to gather additional&#13;information to determine the final impact on its condensed consolidated financial statements.&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;In&#13;February 2018, the FASB issued Accounting Standards Update No. 2018-02 ("ASU 2018-02"), Income Statement - Reporting&#13;Comprehensive Income (Topic 220). The guidance in ASU 2018-02 allows an entity to elect to reclassify the stranded tax effects&#13;related to the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act (the Tax Act) of 2017 from accumulated other comprehensive income into retained earnings.&#13;ASU 2018-02 is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2018, with early adoption permitted. The Company is currently&#13;evaluating the effect this standard will have on its condensed consolidated financial statements.&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; background-color: white"&gt;In&#13;June 2018, the FASB issued ASU 2018-07, Compensation-Stock Compensation (Topic 718), Improvements to Nonemployee Share-based Payments&#13;("ASU 2018-07"). This ASU expands the scope of Topic 718 to include share-based payment transactions for acquiring&#13;goods and services from nonemployees. The effective date for the standard is for interim periods in fiscal years beginning after&#13;December 15, 2018, with early adoption permitted, but no earlier than the Company's adoption date of Topic 606. U&lt;/font&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;nder&#13;the new guidance, the measurement of nonemployee equity awards is fixed on the grant date.&amp;#160;&lt;font style="background-color: white"&gt;The&#13;new guidance is required to be applied retrospectively with the cumulative effect recognized at the date of initial application.&#13;The Company is currently evaluating the effect ASU 2018-07 will have on the condensed consolidated financial statements.&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;In&#13;August 2018, the FASB issued ASU 2018-13, Fair Value Measurement ("Topic 820"): Disclosure Framework - Changes to&#13;the Disclosure Requirements for Fair Value Measurement ("ASU 2018-13"). The ASU modifies the disclosure requirements&#13;in Topic 820, Fair Value Measurement, by removing certain disclosure requirements related to the fair value hierarchy, modifying&#13;existing disclosure requirements related to measurement uncertainty and adding new disclosure requirements, such as disclosing&#13;the changes in unrealized gains and losses for the period included in other comprehensive income for recurring Level 3 fair value&#13;measurements held at the end of the reporting period and disclosing the range and weighted average of significant unobservable&#13;inputs used to develop Level 3 fair value measurements. This ASU is effective for public companies for annual reporting periods&#13;and interim periods within those annual periods beginning after December 15, 2019. The Company is currently evaluating the effect,&#13;if any, that the ASU 2018-13 will have on its financial statements.&amp;#160;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;</us-gaap:BusinessDescriptionAndAccountingPoliciesTextBlock>
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    <us-gaap:BasisOfAccountingPolicyPolicyTextBlock contextRef="From2018-01-01to2018-12-31">&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;u&gt;Basis&#13;of Presentation&lt;/u&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;The&#13;accompanying consolidated financial statements have been prepared in accordance with the generally accepted accounting principles&#13;in the United States of America (the "U.S. GAAP"). All significant intercompany transactions and account balances&#13;have been eliminated.&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;This&#13;basis of accounting involves the application of accrual accounting and consequently, revenues and gains are recognized when earned,&#13;and expenses and losses are recognized when incurred. The Company's financial statements are expressed in U.S. dollars.&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;</us-gaap:BasisOfAccountingPolicyPolicyTextBlock>
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    <abvcd:ForwardStockSplitsPolicyTextBlock contextRef="From2019-01-01to2019-03-31">&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;u&gt;Forward&#13;Stock Split&lt;/u&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;On&#13;March 21, 2016, the Board of Directors of the Company approved an amendment to Articles of Incorporation to effect a forward split&#13;at a ratio of 1 to 3.141 and increase the number of our authorized shares of Common Stock, par value $0.001 per share, to 360,000,000,&#13;which was effective on April 8, 2016.&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;</abvcd:ForwardStockSplitsPolicyTextBlock>
    <abvcd:ForwardStockSplitsPolicyTextBlock contextRef="From2018-01-01to2018-12-31">&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;u&gt;Forward&#13;Stock split&lt;/u&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;On&#13;March 21, 2016, the Board of Directors of the Company approved an amendment to Articles of Incorporation to effect a forward split&#13;at a ratio of 1 to 3.141 and increase the number of our authorized shares of Common Stock, par value $0.001 per share, to 360,000,000,&#13;which was effective on April 8, 2016. The majority of the shareholders of the Company approved the amendment to Articles of Incorporation.&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;</abvcd:ForwardStockSplitsPolicyTextBlock>
    <abvcd:StockReverseSplitPolicyTextBlock contextRef="From2019-01-01to2019-03-31">&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;u&gt;Stock&#13;Reverse Split&lt;/u&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;On&#13;March 12, 2019, the Board of Directors of the Company by unanimous written consent in lieu of a meeting approved to i) effect&#13;a stock reverse split at the ratio of 1-for-18 (the "Reverse Split") of both the authorized common stock of the Company&#13;(the "Common Stock") and the issued and outstanding Common Stock and ii) to amend the articles of incorporation of&#13;the Company to reflect the Reverse Split. The Board approved and authorized the Reverse Split without obtaining approval of the&#13;Company's shareholders pursuant to Section 78.207 of Nevada Revised Statutes. On May 3, 2019, the Company filed a certificate&#13;of amendment to the Company's articles of incorporation (the "Amendment") to effect the Reverse Split with the&#13;Secretary of State of Nevada. The Financial Industry Regulatory Authority ("FINRA") informed the Company that the&#13;Reverse Split was effective on May 8, 2019. All shares and related financial information in this Form 10-Q reflect this 1-for-18&#13;reverse stock split.&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;</abvcd:StockReverseSplitPolicyTextBlock>
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It establishes a hierarchy which prioritizes the&#13;inputs to valuation techniques used to measure fair value. This hierarchy increases the consistency and comparability of fair&#13;value measurements and related disclosures by maximizing the use of observable inputs and minimizing the use of unobservable inputs&#13;by requiring that observable inputs be used when available. Observable inputs are inputs that reflect the assumptions market participants&#13;would use in pricing the assets or liabilities based on market data obtained from sources independent of the Company. Unobservable&#13;inputs are inputs that reflect the Company's own assumptions about the assumptions market participants would use in pricing&#13;the asset or liability developed based on the best information available in the circumstances. The hierarchy prioritizes the inputs&#13;into three broad levels based on the reliability of the inputs as follows:&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 24px; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 24px; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#9679;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;Level&#13;    1 &amp;#8211; Inputs are quoted prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities that the Company has the ability&#13;    to access at the measurement date. Valuation of these instruments does not require a high degree of judgment as the valuations&#13;    are based on quoted prices in active markets that are readily and regularly available.&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;/table&gt;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 24px; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 24px; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#9679;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;Level&#13;    2 &amp;#8211; Inputs other than quoted prices in active markets that are either directly or indirectly observable as of the measurement&#13;    date, such as quoted prices for similar assets or liabilities; quoted prices in markets that are not active; or other inputs&#13;    that are observable or can be corroborated by observable market data for substantially the full term of the assets or liabilities.&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;/table&gt;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 24px; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 24px; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#9679;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;Level&#13;    3 &amp;#8211; Valuations based on inputs that are unobservable and not corroborated by market data. The fair value for such assets&#13;    and liabilities is generally determined using pricing models, discounted cash flow methodologies, or similar techniques that&#13;    incorporate the assumptions a market participant would use in pricing the asset or liability.&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;/table&gt;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;The&#13;carrying values of certain assets and liabilities of the Company, such as cash and cash equivalents, restricted cash, accounts&#13;receivable, due from related parties, inventory, prepaid expenses and other current assets, accounts payable, accrued liabilities,&#13;and due to related parties approximate fair value due to their relatively short maturities. The carrying value of the Company's&#13;short-term bank loan, convertible notes payable, and accrued interest approximates their fair value as the terms of the borrowing&#13;are consistent with current market rates and the duration to maturity is short. The carrying value of the Company's long-term&#13;bank loan approximates fair value because the interest rates approximate market rates that the Company could obtain for debt with&#13;similar terms and maturities.&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;</us-gaap:FairValueMeasurementPolicyPolicyTextBlock>
    <us-gaap:FairValueMeasurementPolicyPolicyTextBlock contextRef="From2018-01-01to2018-12-31">&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;u&gt;Fair&#13;Value Measurements&lt;/u&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;The&#13;Company applies the provisions of ASC Subtopic 820-10,&amp;#160;"Fair Value Measurements",&amp;#160;for fair value measurements&#13;of financial assets and financial liabilities and for fair value measurements of nonfinancial items that are recognized or disclosed&#13;at fair value in the financial statements. ASC 820 also establishes a framework for measuring fair value and expands disclosures&#13;about fair value measurements.&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;Fair&#13;value is defined as the price that would be received to sell an asset or paid to transfer a liability in an orderly transaction&#13;between market participants at the measurement date. When determining the fair value measurements for assets and liabilities,&#13;the Company considers the principal or most advantageous market in which it would transact and it considers assumptions that market&#13;participants would use when pricing the asset or liability.&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;ASC&#13;820 establishes a fair value hierarchy that requires an entity to maximize the use of observable inputs and minimize the use of&#13;unobservable inputs when measuring fair value. ASC 820 establishes three levels of inputs to measure fair value. The hierarchy&#13;gives the highest priority to unadjusted quoted prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities (Level 1 measurements)&#13;and the lowest priority to measurements involving significant unobservable inputs (Level 3 measurements). The three levels of&#13;the fair value hierarchy are as follows:&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"&gt;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#13;&lt;td style="width: 0.25in; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 0.25in; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#9679;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;Level&#13;                                         1 inputs to the valuation methodology are quoted prices (unadjusted) for identical assets&#13;                                         or liabilities in active markets.&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#13;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#13;&lt;td style="width: 0.25in; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 0.25in; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#9679;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;Level&#13;                                         2 inputs to the valuation methodology include quoted prices for similar assets and liabilities&#13;                                         in active markets, and inputs that are observable for the assets or liability, either&#13;                                         directly or indirectly, for substantially the full term of the financial instruments.&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#13;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#13;&lt;td style="width: 0.25in; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 0.25in; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#9679;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;Level&#13;                                         3 inputs to the valuation methodology are unobservable and significant to the fair value.&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;/table&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;The&#13;carrying values of certain assets and liabilities of the Company, such as cash and cash equivalents, due from related parties,&#13;accrued expenses, and due to related parties approximate fair value due to their relatively short maturities. The carrying value&#13;of the Company's convertible notes payable and accrued interest approximates their fair value as the terms of the borrowing&#13;are consistent with current market rates.&amp;#160;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;</us-gaap:FairValueMeasurementPolicyPolicyTextBlock>
    <us-gaap:CashAndCashEquivalentsPolicyTextBlock contextRef="From2019-01-01to2019-03-31">&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;u&gt;Cash&#13;and Cash Equivalents&lt;/u&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;The&#13;Company considers highly liquid investments with maturities of three months or less, when purchased, to be cash equivalents. As&#13;of March 31, 2019 and December 31, 2018, the Company's cash and cash equivalents amounted $981,341 and $226,688, respectively.&#13;Some&amp;#160;of the Company's cash deposits are held in financial institutions located in Taiwan where there is currently regulation&#13;mandated on obligatory insurance of bank accounts. The Company believes this financial institution is of high credit quality.&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;</us-gaap:CashAndCashEquivalentsPolicyTextBlock>
    <us-gaap:CashAndCashEquivalentsPolicyTextBlock contextRef="From2018-01-01to2018-12-31">&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;u&gt;Cash&#13;and Cash Equivalents&lt;/u&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;The&#13;Company considers highly liquid investments with maturities of three months or less, when purchased, to be cash equivalents. As&#13;of December 31, 2018 and 2017, the Company's cash and cash equivalents amounted $40,044 and $93,332, respectively. Some&amp;#160;of&#13;the Company's cash deposits are held in financial institutions located in Taiwan where there is currently regulation mandated&#13;on obligatory insurance of bank accounts. The Company believes this financial institution is of high credit quality.&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;</us-gaap:CashAndCashEquivalentsPolicyTextBlock>
    <us-gaap:CashAndCashEquivalentsRestrictedCashAndCashEquivalentsPolicy contextRef="From2019-01-01to2019-03-31">&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;u&gt;Restricted&#13;Cash Equivalents&lt;/u&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;Restricted&#13;cash equivalents primarily consist of cash held in a reserve bank account in Taiwan. As of March 31, 2019 and December 31, 2018,&#13;the Company's restricted cash equivalents amounted $16,093.&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;</us-gaap:CashAndCashEquivalentsRestrictedCashAndCashEquivalentsPolicy>
    <us-gaap:CashAndCashEquivalentsRestrictedCashAndCashEquivalentsPolicy contextRef="From2018-01-01to2018-12-31">&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;u&gt;Restricted&#13;Cash Equivalents&lt;/u&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;Restricted&#13;cash equivalents primarily consist of cash held in a reserve bank account in Taiwan.&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;</us-gaap:CashAndCashEquivalentsRestrictedCashAndCashEquivalentsPolicy>
    <us-gaap:ConcentrationRiskCreditRisk contextRef="From2019-01-01to2019-03-31">&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;u&gt;Concentration&#13;of Credit Risk&lt;/u&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;The&#13;Company's financial instruments that are exposed to concentrations of credit risk consist primarily of cash and cash equivalents.&#13;The Company places its cash and temporary cash investments in high quality credit institutions, but these investments may be in&#13;excess of Taiwan Central Deposit Insurance Corporation and the U.S. Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation's insurance limits.&#13;The Company does not enter into financial instruments for hedging, trading or speculative purposes.&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;</us-gaap:ConcentrationRiskCreditRisk>
    <us-gaap:ConcentrationRiskCreditRisk contextRef="From2018-01-01to2018-12-31">&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;u&gt;Concentration&#13;of Credit Risk&lt;/u&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;The&#13;Company's financial instruments that are exposed to concentrations of credit risk consist primarily of cash and cash equivalents.&#13;The Company places its cash and temporary cash investments in high quality credit institutions, but these investments may be in&#13;excess of Taiwan Central Deposit Insurance Corporation and the U.S. Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation's insurance limits.&#13;The Company does not enter into financial instruments for hedging, trading or speculative purposes.&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;</us-gaap:ConcentrationRiskCreditRisk>
    <us-gaap:RevenueRecognitionPolicyTextBlock contextRef="From2019-01-01to2019-03-31">&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;u&gt;Revenue&#13;Recognition&lt;/u&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;During&#13;the fiscal year 2018, the Company adopted Accounting Standards Codification ("ASC"), Topic 606 (ASC 606), Revenue&#13;from Contracts with Customers, using the modified retrospective method to all contracts that were not completed as of January&#13;1, 2018, and applying the new revenue standard as an adjustment to the opening balance of accumulated deficit at the beginning&#13;of 2018 for the cumulative effect. The results for the Company's reporting periods beginning on and after January 1, 2018&#13;are presented under ASC 606, while prior period amounts are not adjusted and continue to be reported under the accounting standards&#13;in effect for the prior period. Based on the Company's review of existing collaborative agreements as of January 1, 2018,&#13;the Company concluded that the adoption of the new guidance did not have a significant change on the Company's revenue during&#13;all periods presented.&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;Pursuant&#13;to ASC 606, the Company recognizes revenue when its customer obtains control of promised goods or services, in an amount that&#13;reflects the consideration that the Company expects to receive in exchange for those goods or services. To determine revenue recognition&#13;for arrangements that the Company determines is within the scope of ASC 606, the Company performs the following five steps: (i)&#13;identify the contract(s) with a customer; (ii) identify the performance obligations in the contract; (iii) determine the transaction&#13;price; (iv) allocate the transaction price to the performance obligations in the contract; and (v) recognize revenue when (or&#13;as) the Company satisfies a performance obligation. The Company only applies the five-step model to contracts when it is probable&#13;that the Company will collect the consideration the Company is entitled to in exchange for the goods or services the Company transfers&#13;to the customers. At inception of the contract, once the contract is determined to be within the scope of ASC 606, the Company&#13;assesses the goods or services promised within each contract, determines those that are performance obligations, and assesses&#13;whether each promised good or service is distinct. The Company then recognizes as revenue the amount of the transaction price&#13;that is allocated to the respective performance obligation when (or as) the performance obligation is satisfied.&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;The&#13;following are examples of when the Company recognizes revenue based on the types of payments the Company receives.&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;b&gt;Merchandise&#13;Sales &amp;#8212;&amp;#160;&lt;/b&gt;The Company recognizes net revenues from dietary supplements product sales when customers obtain control&#13;of the Company's products, which typically occurs upon delivery to customer. Product revenues are recorded at the net sales&#13;price, or "transaction price," which includes applicable reserves for variable consideration, including discounts,&#13;allowances, and returns.&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;i&gt;Trade&#13;discount and allowances&lt;/i&gt;: The Company generally provides invoice discounts on product sales to its customers for prompt payment.&#13;The Company estimates that, based on its experience, its customers will earn these discounts and fees, and deducts the full amount&#13;of these discounts and fees from its gross product revenues and accounts receivable at the time such revenues are recognized.&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;i&gt;Product&#13;returns:&lt;/i&gt;&amp;#160;The Company estimates the amount of each product that will be returned and deducts these estimated amounts from&#13;its gross revenues at the time the revenues are recognized. The Company's customers have the right to return unopened packages,&#13;subject to contractual limitations.&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;To&#13;date, product allowance and returns have been minimal and, based on its experience, the Company believes that returns of its products&#13;will continue to be minimal.&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;b&gt;Collaborative&#13;Revenues &amp;#8212;&lt;/b&gt;&amp;#160;The Company recognizes collaborative revenues generated through collaborative research, development&#13;and/or commercialization agreements. The terms of these agreements typically include payment to the Company related to one or&#13;more of the following: nonrefundable upfront license fees, development and commercial milestones, partial or complete reimbursement&#13;of research and development costs, and royalties on net sales of licensed products. Each type of payments results in collaborative&#13;revenues except for revenues from royalties on net sales of licensed products, which are classified as royalty revenues. To date,&#13;we have not received any royalty revenues. Revenue is recognized upon satisfaction of a performance obligation by transferring&#13;control of a good or service to the collaboration partners.&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;As&#13;part of the accounting for these arrangements, the Company applies judgment to determine whether the performance obligations are&#13;distinct, and develop assumptions in determining the stand-alone selling price for each distinct performance obligation identified&#13;in the collaboration agreements. To determine the stand-alone selling price, the Company relies on assumptions which may include&#13;forecasted revenues, development timelines, reimbursement rates for R&amp;#38;D personnel costs, discount rates and probabilities&#13;of technical and regulatory success.&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;The&#13;Company had multiple deliverables under the collaborative agreements, including deliverables relating to grants of technology&#13;licenses, regulatory and clinical development, and marketing activities. Estimation of the performance periods of the Company's&#13;deliverables requires the use of management's judgment. Significant factors considered in management's evaluation&#13;of the estimated performance periods include, but are not limited to, the Company's experience in conducting clinical development,&#13;regulatory and manufacturing activities. The Company reviews the estimated duration of its performance periods under its collaborative&#13;agreements on an annually basis, and makes any appropriate adjustments on a prospective basis. Future changes in estimates of&#13;the performance period under its collaborative agreements could impact the timing of future revenue recognition.&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%"&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#13;    &#13;    &lt;td style="width: 24px; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;(i)&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;Nonrefundable&#13;    upfront payments&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;/table&gt;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;If&#13;a license to the Company's intellectual property is determined to be distinct from the other performance obligations identified&#13;in an arrangement, the Company recognizes revenue from the related nonrefundable upfront payments based on the relative standalone&#13;selling price prescribed to the license compared to the total selling price of the arrangement. The revenue is recognized when&#13;the license is transferred to the collaboration partners and the collaboration partners are able to use and benefit from the license.&#13;To date, the receipt of nonrefundable upfront fees was solely for the compensation of past research efforts and contributions&#13;made by the Company before the collaborative agreements entered into and it does not relate to any future obligations and commitments&#13;made between the Company and the collaboration partners in the collaborative agreements.&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%"&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#13;    &#13;    &lt;td style="width: 24px; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;(ii)&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;Milestone&#13;    payments&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;/table&gt;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;The&#13;Company is eligible to receive milestone payments under the collaborative agreement with collaboration partners based on achievement&#13;of specified development, regulatory and commercial events. Management evaluated the nature of the events triggering these contingent&#13;payments, and concluded that these events fall into two categories: (a) events which involve the performance of the Company's&#13;obligations under the collaborative agreement with collaboration partners, and (b) events which do not involve the performance&#13;of the Company's obligations under the collaborative agreement with collaboration partners.&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;The&#13;former category of milestone payments consists of those triggered by development and regulatory activities in the territories&#13;specified in the collaborative agreements. Management concluded that each of these payments constitute substantive milestone payments.&#13;This conclusion was based primarily on the facts that (i) each triggering event represents a specific outcome that can be achieved&#13;only through successful performance by the Company of one or more of its deliverables, (ii) achievement of each triggering event&#13;was subject to inherent risk and uncertainty and would result in additional payments becoming due to the Company, (iii) each of&#13;the milestone payments is nonrefundable, (iv) substantial effort is required to complete each milestone, (v) the amount of each&#13;milestone payment is reasonable in relation to the value created in achieving the milestone, (vi) a substantial amount of time&#13;is expected to pass between the upfront payment and the potential milestone payments, and (vii) the milestone payments relate&#13;solely to past performance. Based on the foregoing, the Company recognizes any revenue from these milestone payments in the period&#13;in which the underlying triggering event occurs.&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&amp;#160;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%"&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#13;    &#13;    &lt;td style="width: 24px; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;(iii)&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;Multiple&#13;    Element Arrangements&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;/table&gt;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;The&#13;Company evaluates multiple element arrangements to determine (1) the deliverables included in the arrangement and (2) whether&#13;the individual deliverables represent separate units of accounting or whether they must be accounted for as a combined unit of&#13;accounting. This evaluation involves subjective determinations and requires management to make judgments about the individual&#13;deliverables and whether such deliverables are separate from other aspects of the contractual relationship. Deliverables are considered&#13;separate units of accounting provided that: (i) the delivered item(s) has value to the customer on a standalone basis and (ii)&#13;if the arrangement includes a general right of return relative to the delivered item(s), delivery or performance of the undelivered&#13;item(s) is considered probable and substantially within its control. In assessing whether an item under a collaboration has standalone&#13;value, the Company considers factors such as the research, manufacturing, and commercialization capabilities of the collaboration&#13;partner and the availability of the associated expertise in the general marketplace. The Company also considers whether its collaboration&#13;partners can use the other deliverable(s) for their intended purpose without the receipt of the remaining element(s), whether&#13;the value of the deliverable is dependent on the undelivered item(s), and whether there are other vendors that can provide the&#13;undelivered element(s).&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;The&#13;Company recognizes arrangement consideration allocated to each unit of accounting when all of the revenue recognition criteria&#13;in ASC 606 are satisfied for that particular unit of accounting. In the event that a deliverable does not represent a separate&#13;unit of accounting, the Company recognizes revenue from the combined unit of accounting over the Company's contractual or&#13;estimated performance period for the undelivered elements, which is typically the term of the Company's research and development&#13;obligations. If there is no discernible pattern of performance or objectively measurable performance measures do not exist, then&#13;the Company recognizes revenue under the arrangement on a straight-line basis over the period the Company is expected to complete&#13;its performance obligations. Conversely, if the pattern of performance in which the service is provided to the customer can be&#13;determined and objectively measurable performance measures exist, then the Company recognizes revenue under the arrangement using&#13;the proportional performance method. Revenue recognized is limited to the lesser of the cumulative amount of payments received&#13;or the cumulative amount of revenue earned, as determined using the straight-line method or proportional performance method, as&#13;applicable, as of the period ending date.&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;At&#13;the inception of an arrangement that includes milestone payments, the Company evaluates whether each milestone is substantive&#13;and at risk to both parties on the basis of the contingent nature of the milestone. This evaluation includes an assessment of&#13;whether: (1) the consideration is commensurate with either the Company's performance to achieve the milestone or the enhancement&#13;of the value of the delivered item(s) as a result of a specific outcome resulting from its performance to achieve the milestone,&#13;(2) the consideration relates solely to past performance and (3) the consideration is reasonable relative to all of the deliverables&#13;and payment terms within the arrangement. The Company evaluates factors such as the scientific, clinical, regulatory, commercial,&#13;and other risks that must be overcome to achieve the particular milestone and the level of effort and investment required to achieve&#13;the particular milestone in making this assessment. There is considerable judgment involved in determining whether a milestone&#13;satisfies all of the criteria required to conclude that a milestone is substantive. Milestones that are not considered substantive&#13;are recognized as earned if there are no remaining performance obligations or over the remaining period of performance, assuming&#13;all other revenue recognition criteria are met.&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%"&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#13;    &#13;    &lt;td style="width: 24px; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;(iv)&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;Royalties&#13;    and Profit Sharing Payments&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;/table&gt;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;Under&#13;the collaborative agreement with the collaboration partners, the Company is entitled to receive royalties on sales of products,&#13;which is at certain percentage of the net sales. The Company recognizes revenue from these events based on the revenue recognition&#13;criteria set forth in ASC 606. Based on those criteria, the Company considers these payments to be contingent revenues, and recognizes&#13;them as revenue in the period in which the applicable contingency is resolved.&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;</us-gaap:RevenueRecognitionPolicyTextBlock>
    <us-gaap:RevenueRecognitionPolicyTextBlock contextRef="From2018-01-01to2018-12-31">&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;u&gt;Revenue&#13;Recognition&lt;/u&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;i&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;The&#13;Company has yet to realize revenues from operations.&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;During&#13;the fiscal year 2018, the Company adopted Accounting Standards Codification ("ASC"), Topic 606 (ASC 606), Revenue&#13;from Contracts with Customers, using the modified retrospective method to all contracts that were not completed as of January&#13;1, 2018, and applying the new revenue standard as an adjustment to the opening balance of accumulated deficit at the beginning&#13;of 2018 for the cumulative effect. The results for the Company's reporting periods beginning on and after January 1, 2018&#13;are presented under ASC 606, while prior period amounts are not adjusted and continue to be reported under the accounting standards&#13;in effect for the prior period. Based on the Company's review of existing collaborative agreements as of January 1, 2018,&#13;the Company concluded that the adoption of the new guidance did not have a significant change on the Company's revenue during&#13;all periods presented.&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;Pursuant&#13;to ASC 606, the Company recognizes revenue when its customer obtains control of promised goods or services, in an amount that&#13;reflects the consideration that the Company expects to receive in exchange for those goods or services. To determine revenue recognition&#13;for arrangements that the Company determines is within the scope of ASC 606, the Company performs the following five steps: (i)&#13;identify the contract(s) with a customer; (ii) identify the performance obligations in the contract; (iii) determine the transaction&#13;price; (iv) allocate the transaction price to the performance obligations in the contract; and (v) recognize revenue when (or&#13;as) the Company satisfies a performance obligation. The Company only applies the five-step model to contracts when it is probable&#13;that the Company will collect the consideration the Company is entitled to in exchange for the goods or services the Company transfers&#13;to the customers. At inception of the contract, once the contract is determined to be within the scope of ASC 606, the Company&#13;assesses the goods or services promised within each contract, determines those that are performance obligations, and assesses&#13;whether each promised good or service is distinct. The Company then recognizes as revenue the amount of the transaction price&#13;that is allocated to the respective performance obligation when (or as) the performance obligation is satisfied.&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;The&#13;following are examples of when the Company recognizes revenue based on the types of payments the Company receives.&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 0 0.25in; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;i&gt;Collaborative&#13;Revenues&lt;/i&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;b&gt;&amp;#8212;&amp;#160;&lt;/b&gt;The Company recognizes collaborative revenues generated through collaborative research,&#13;development and/or commercialization agreements. The terms of these agreements typically include payment to the Company related&#13;to one or more of the following: nonrefundable upfront license fees, development and commercial milestones, partial or complete&#13;reimbursement of research and development costs, and royalties on net sales of licensed products. Each type of payments results&#13;in collaborative revenues except for revenues from royalties on net sales of licensed products, which are classified as royalty&#13;revenues. To date, we have not received any royalty revenues. Revenue is recognized upon satisfaction of a performance obligation&#13;by transferring control of a good or service to the collaboration partners.&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 0 0.25in; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 0 0.25in; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;As&#13;part of the accounting for these arrangements, the Company applies judgment to determine whether the performance obligations are&#13;distinct, and develop assumptions in determining the stand-alone selling price for each distinct performance obligation identified&#13;in the collaboration agreements. To determine the stand-alone selling price, the Company relies on assumptions which may include&#13;forecasted revenues, development timelines, reimbursement rates for R&amp;#38;D personnel costs, discount rates and probabilities&#13;of technical and regulatory success.&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 0 0.25in; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 0 0.25in; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;The&#13;Company had multiple deliverables under the collaborative agreements, including deliverables relating to grants of technology&#13;licenses, regulatory and clinical development, and marketing activities. Estimation of the performance periods of the Company's&#13;deliverables requires the use of management's judgment. Significant factors considered in management's evaluation&#13;of the estimated performance periods include, but are not limited to, the Company's experience in conducting clinical development,&#13;regulatory and manufacturing activities. The Company reviews the estimated duration of its performance periods under its collaborative&#13;agreements on an annually basis, and makes any appropriate adjustments on a prospective basis. Future changes in estimates of&#13;the performance period under its collaborative agreements could impact the timing of future revenue recognition.&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&amp;#160;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%"&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 24px; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 24px; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;(i)&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;Nonrefundable&#13;    upfront payments&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;/table&gt;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 0 0.25in; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;If&#13;a license to the Company's intellectual property is determined to be distinct from the other performance obligations identified&#13;in an arrangement, the Company recognizes revenue from the related nonrefundable upfront payments based on the relative standalone&#13;selling price prescribed to the license compared to the total selling price of the arrangement. The revenue is recognized when&#13;the license is transferred to the collaboration partners and the collaboration partners are able to use and benefit from the license.&#13;To date, the receipt of nonrefundable upfront fees was solely for the compensation of past research efforts and contributions&#13;made by the Company before the collaborative agreements entered into and it does not relate to any future obligations and commitments&#13;made between the Company and the collaboration partners in the collaborative agreements.&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%"&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 24px; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 24px; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;(ii)&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;Milestone&#13;    payments&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;/table&gt;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 0 0.25in; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;The&#13;Company is eligible to receive milestone payments under the collaborative agreement with collaboration partners based on achievement&#13;of specified development, regulatory and commercial events. Management evaluated the nature of the events triggering these contingent&#13;payments, and concluded that these events fall into two categories: (a) events which involve the performance of the Company's&#13;obligations under the collaborative agreement with collaboration partners, and (b) events which do not involve the performance&#13;of the Company's obligations under the collaborative agreement with collaboration partners.&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 0 0.25in; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;The&#13;former category of milestone payments consists of those triggered by development and regulatory activities in the territories&#13;specified in the collaborative agreements. Management concluded that each of these payments constitute substantive milestone payments.&#13;This conclusion was based primarily on the facts that (i) each triggering event represents a specific outcome that can be achieved&#13;only through successful performance by the Company of one or more of its deliverables, (ii) achievement of each triggering event&#13;was subject to inherent risk and uncertainty and would result in additional payments becoming due to the Company, (iii) each of&#13;the milestone payments is nonrefundable, (iv) substantial effort is required to complete each milestone, (v) the amount of each&#13;milestone payment is reasonable in relation to the value created in achieving the milestone, (vi) a substantial amount of time&#13;is expected to pass between the upfront payment and the potential milestone payments, and (vii) the milestone payments relate&#13;solely to past performance. Based on the foregoing, the Company recognizes any revenue from these milestone payments in the period&#13;in which the underlying triggering event occurs.&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%"&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 24px; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 24px; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;(iii)&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;Multiple&#13;    Element Arrangements&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;/table&gt;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 0 0.25in; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;The&#13;Company evaluates multiple element arrangements to determine (1)&amp;#160;the deliverables included in the arrangement and (2)&amp;#160;whether&#13;the individual deliverables represent separate units of accounting or whether they must be accounted for as a combined unit of&#13;accounting. This evaluation involves subjective determinations and requires management to make judgments about the individual&#13;deliverables and whether such deliverables are separate from other aspects of the contractual relationship. Deliverables are considered&#13;separate units of accounting provided that: (i)&amp;#160;the delivered item(s) has value to the customer on a standalone basis and&#13;(ii)&amp;#160;if the arrangement includes a general right of return relative to the delivered item(s), delivery or performance of&#13;the undelivered item(s) is considered probable and substantially within its control. In assessing whether an item under a collaboration&#13;has standalone value, the Company considers factors such as the research, manufacturing, and commercialization capabilities of&#13;the collaboration partner and the availability of the associated expertise in the general marketplace. The Company also considers&#13;whether its collaboration partners can use the other deliverable(s) for their intended purpose without the receipt of the remaining&#13;element(s), whether the value of the deliverable is dependent on the undelivered item(s), and whether there are other vendors&#13;that can provide the undelivered element(s).&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 0 0.25in; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;The&#13;Company recognizes arrangement consideration allocated to each unit of accounting when all of the revenue recognition criteria&#13;in ASC 606 are satisfied for that particular unit of accounting. In the event that a deliverable does not represent a separate&#13;unit of accounting, the Company recognizes revenue from the combined unit of accounting over the Company's contractual or&#13;estimated performance period for the undelivered elements, which is typically the term of the Company's research and development&#13;obligations. If there is no discernible pattern of performance or objectively measurable performance measures do not exist, then&#13;the Company recognizes revenue under the arrangement on a straight-line basis over the period the Company is expected to complete&#13;its performance obligations. Conversely, if the pattern of performance in which the service is provided to the customer can be&#13;determined and objectively measurable performance measures exist, then the Company recognizes revenue under the arrangement using&#13;the proportional performance method. Revenue recognized is limited to the lesser of the cumulative amount of payments received&#13;or the cumulative amount of revenue earned, as determined using the straight-line method or proportional performance method, as&#13;applicable, as of the period ending date.&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 0 0.25in; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;At&#13;the inception of an arrangement that includes milestone payments, the Company evaluates whether each milestone is substantive&#13;and at risk to both parties on the basis of the contingent nature of the milestone. This evaluation includes an assessment of&#13;whether: (1)&amp;#160;the consideration is commensurate with either the Company's performance to achieve the milestone or the&#13;enhancement of the value of the delivered item(s) as a result of a specific outcome resulting from its performance to achieve&#13;the milestone, (2)&amp;#160;the consideration relates solely to past performance and (3)&amp;#160;the consideration is reasonable relative&#13;to all of the deliverables and payment terms within the arrangement. The Company evaluates factors such as the scientific, clinical,&#13;regulatory, commercial, and other risks that must be overcome to achieve the particular milestone and the level of effort and&#13;investment required to achieve the particular milestone in making this assessment. There is considerable judgment involved in&#13;determining whether a milestone satisfies all of the criteria required to conclude that a milestone is substantive. Milestones&#13;that are not considered substantive are recognized as earned if there are no remaining performance obligations or over the remaining&#13;period of performance, assuming all other revenue recognition criteria are met.&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%"&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 24px; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 24px; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;(iv)&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;Royalties&#13;    and Profit Sharing Payments&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;/table&gt;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 0 0.25in; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;Under&#13;the collaborative agreement with the collaboration partners, the Company is entitled to receive royalties on sales of products,&#13;which is at certain percentage of the net sales. The Company recognizes revenue from these events based on the revenue recognition&#13;criteria set forth in ASC 606. Based on those criteria, the Company considers these payments to be contingent revenues, and recognizes&#13;them as revenue in the period in which the applicable contingency is resolved.&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;</us-gaap:RevenueRecognitionPolicyTextBlock>
    <us-gaap:PropertyPlantAndEquipmentPolicyTextBlock contextRef="From2019-01-01to2019-03-31">&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;u&gt;Property&#13;and Equipment&lt;/u&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;i&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;Property&#13;and equipment is carried at cost net of accumulated depreciation. Repairs and maintenance are expensed as incurred. Expenditures&#13;that improve the functionality of the related asset or extend the useful life are capitalized. When property and equipment is&#13;retired or otherwise disposed of, the related gain or loss is included in operating income. Leasehold improvements are depreciated&#13;on the straight-line method over the shorter of the remaining lease term or estimated useful life of the asset. Depreciation is&#13;calculated on the straight-line method, including property and equipment under capital leases, generally based on the following&#13;useful lives:&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-collapse: collapse"&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 87%; text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 12%; border-bottom: black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;b&gt;Estimated&amp;#160;Life&amp;#160;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&#13;    &lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;b&gt;in Years&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="background-color: #CCEEFF; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="vertical-align: top; text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;Buildings&#13;    and leasehold improvements&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: center; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;5&#13;    ~ 50&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="background-color: white; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="vertical-align: top; text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;Machinery&#13;    and equipment&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: center; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;5&#13;    ~ 10&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="background-color: #CCEEFF; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="vertical-align: top; text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;Office&#13;    equipment&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: center; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;3&#13;    ~ 6&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;/table&gt;</us-gaap:PropertyPlantAndEquipmentPolicyTextBlock>
    <us-gaap:ImpairmentOrDisposalOfLongLivedAssetsPolicyTextBlock contextRef="From2019-01-01to2019-03-31">&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;u&gt;Impairment&#13;of Long-Lived Assets&lt;/u&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;The&#13;Company has adopted Accounting Standards Codification subtopic 360-10, Property, Plant and Equipment ("ASC 360-10").&#13;ASC 360-10 requires that long-lived assets and certain identifiable intangibles held and used by the Company be reviewed for impairment&#13;whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying amount of an asset may not be recoverable. The Company&#13;evaluates its long-lived assets for impairment annually or more often if events and circumstances warrant. Events relating to&#13;recoverability may include significant unfavorable changes in business conditions, recurring losses, or a forecasted inability&#13;to achieve break-even operating results over an extended period. Should impairment in value be indicated, the carrying value of&#13;intangible assets will be adjusted, based on estimates of future discounted cash flows resulting from the use and ultimate disposition&#13;of the asset. ASC 360-10 also requires assets to be disposed of be reported at the lower of the carrying amount or the fair value&#13;less costs to sell.&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;</us-gaap:ImpairmentOrDisposalOfLongLivedAssetsPolicyTextBlock>
    <abvcd:LongTermEquityInvestmentPolicy contextRef="From2019-01-01to2019-03-31">&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;u&gt;Long-term&#13;Equity Investment&lt;/u&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;The&#13;Company acquires the equity investments to promote business and strategic objectives. The Company accounts for non-marketable&#13;equity and other equity investments for which the Company does not have control over the investees as:&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 24px; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 24px; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#9679;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;Equity&#13;    method investments when the Company has the ability to exercise significant influence, but not control, over the investee.&#13;    Its proportionate share of the income or loss is recognized monthly and is recorded in gains (losses) on equity investments.&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;/table&gt;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%"&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 24px; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 24px; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#9679;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;Non-marketable&#13;    cost method investments when the equity method does not apply.&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;/table&gt;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;Significant&#13;judgment is required to identify whether an impairment exists in the valuation of the Company's non-marketable equity investments,&#13;and therefore the Company considers this a critical accounting estimate. Its yearly analysis considers both qualitative and quantitative&#13;factors that may have a significant impact on the investee's fair value. Qualitative analysis of its investments involves&#13;understanding the financial performance and near-term prospects of the investee, changes in general market conditions in the investee's&#13;industry or geographic area, and the management and governance structure of the investee. Quantitative assessments of the fair&#13;value of its investments are developed using the market and income approaches. The market approach includes the use of comparable&#13;financial metrics of private and public companies and recent financing rounds. The income approach includes the use of a discounted&#13;cash flow model, which requires significant estimates regarding the investees' revenue, costs, and discount rates. The Company's&#13;assessment of these factors in determining whether an impairment exists could change in the future due to new developments or&#13;changes in applied assumptions.&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;</abvcd:LongTermEquityInvestmentPolicy>
    <abvcd:LongTermEquityInvestmentPolicy contextRef="From2018-01-01to2018-12-31">&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;u&gt;Long-term&#13;Equity Investment&lt;/u&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;The&#13;Company acquires the equity investments to promote business and strategic objectives. The Company accounts for non-marketable&#13;equity and other equity investments for which the Company does not have control over the investees as:&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 24px; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 24px; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#9679;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;Equity&#13;    method investments when the Company has the ability to exercise significant influence, but not control, over the investee.&#13;    Its proportionate share of the income or loss is recognized monthly and is recorded in gains (losses) on equity investments.&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 24px; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 24px; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#9679;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;Non-marketable&#13;    cost method investments when the equity method does not apply.&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;/table&gt;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&amp;#160;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;Significant&#13;judgment is required to identify whether an impairment exists in the valuation of the Company's non-marketable equity investments,&#13;and therefore the Company considers this a critical accounting estimate. Its yearly analysis considers both qualitative and quantitative&#13;factors that may have a significant impact on the investee's fair value. Qualitative analysis of its investments involves&#13;understanding the financial performance and near-term prospects of the investee, changes in general market conditions in the investee's&#13;industry or geographic area, and the management and governance structure of the investee. Quantitative assessments of the fair&#13;value of its investments are developed using the market and income approaches. The market approach includes the use of comparable&#13;financial metrics of private and public companies and recent financing rounds. The income approach includes the use of a discounted&#13;cash flow model, which requires significant estimates regarding the investees' revenue, costs, and discount rates. The Company's&#13;assessment of these factors in determining whether an impairment exists could change in the future due to new developments or&#13;changes in applied assumptions.&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;</abvcd:LongTermEquityInvestmentPolicy>
    <abvcd:OtherThanTemporaryImpairmentPolicyTextBlock contextRef="From2019-01-01to2019-03-31">&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;u&gt;Other-Than-Temporary&#13;Impairment&lt;/u&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;The&#13;Company's long-term equity investments are subject to a periodic impairment review. Impairments affect earnings as follows:&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 24px; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 24px; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#9679;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;Marketable&#13;    equity securities include the consideration of general market conditions, the duration and extent to which the fair value&#13;    is below cost, and our ability and intent to hold the investment for a sufficient period of time to allow for recovery of&#13;    value in the foreseeable future. The Company also considers specific adverse conditions related to the financial health of,&#13;    and the business outlook for, the investee, which may include industry and sector performance, changes in technology, operational&#13;    and financing cash flow factors, and changes in the investee's credit rating. The Company records other-than-temporary&#13;    impairments on marketable equity securities and marketable equity method investments in gains (losses) on equity investments.&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;/table&gt;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 24px; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 24px; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#9679;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;Non-marketable&#13;    equity investments based on the Company's assessment of the severity and duration of the impairment, and qualitative&#13;    and quantitative analysis of the operating performance of the investee; adverse changes in market conditions and the regulatory&#13;    or economic environment; changes in operating structure or management of the investee; additional funding requirements; and&#13;    the investee's ability to remain in business. A series of operating losses of an investee or other factors may indicate&#13;    that a decrease in value of the investment has occurred that is other than temporary and that shall be recognized even though&#13;    the decrease in value is in excess of what would otherwise be recognized by application of the equity method. A loss in value&#13;    of an investment that is other than a temporary decline shall be recognized. Evidence of a loss in value might include, but&#13;    would not necessarily be limited to, absence of an ability to recover the carrying amount of the investment or inability of&#13;    the investee to sustain an earnings capacity that would justify the carrying amount of the investment. The Company records&#13;    other-than-temporary impairments for non-marketable cost method investments and equity method investments in gains (losses)&#13;    on equity investments. Other-than-temporary impairments of equity investments were $0 for the three months ended March 31,&#13;    2019 and 2018, respectively.&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;/table&gt;</abvcd:OtherThanTemporaryImpairmentPolicyTextBlock>
    <abvcd:OtherThanTemporaryImpairmentPolicyTextBlock contextRef="From2018-01-01to2018-12-31">&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;u&gt;Other-Than-Temporary&#13;Impairment&lt;/u&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;i&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;The&#13;Company's long-term equity investments are subject to a periodic impairment review. Impairments affect earnings as follows:&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 24px; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 24px; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#9679;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;Marketable&#13;    equity securities include the consideration of general market conditions, the duration and extent to which the fair value&#13;    is below cost, and our ability and intent to hold the investment for a sufficient period of time to allow for recovery of&#13;    value in the foreseeable future. The Company also considers specific adverse conditions related to the financial health of,&#13;    and the business outlook for, the investee, which may include industry and sector performance, changes in technology, operational&#13;    and financing cash flow factors, and changes in the investee's credit rating. The Company records other-than-temporary&#13;    impairments on marketable equity securities and marketable equity method investments in gains (losses) on equity investments.&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 24px; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 24px; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#9679;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;Non-marketable&#13;    equity investments based on the Company's assessment of the severity and duration of the impairment, and qualitative&#13;    and quantitative analysis of the operating performance of the investee; adverse changes in market conditions and the regulatory&#13;    or economic environment; changes in operating structure or management of the investee; additional funding requirements; and&#13;    the investee's ability to remain in business. A series of operating losses of an investee or other factors may indicate&#13;    that a decrease in value of the investment has occurred that is other than temporary and that shall be recognized even though&#13;    the decrease in value is in excess of what would otherwise be recognized by application of the equity method. A loss in value&#13;    of an investment that is other than a temporary decline shall be recognized. Evidence of a loss in value might include, but&#13;    would not necessarily be limited to, absence of an ability to recover the carrying amount of the investment or inability of&#13;    the investee to sustain an earnings capacity that would justify the carrying amount of the investment. The Company records&#13;    other-than-temporary impairments for non-marketable cost method investments and equity method investments in gains (losses)&#13;    on equity investments. Other-than-temporary impairments of equity investments were $2,549,451 and $0 for the years ended December&#13;    31, 2018 and 2017, respectively.&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;/table&gt;</abvcd:OtherThanTemporaryImpairmentPolicyTextBlock>
    <us-gaap:GoodwillAndIntangibleAssetsPolicyTextBlock contextRef="From2019-01-01to2019-03-31">&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;u&gt;Goodwill&lt;/u&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;The&#13;Company evaluates goodwill for impairment annually or more frequently when an event occurs or circumstances change that indicate&#13;the carrying value may not be recoverable. In testing goodwill for impairment, the Company may elect to utilize a qualitative&#13;assessment to evaluate whether it is more likely than not that the fair value of a reporting unit is less than its carrying amount.&#13;If the qualitative assessment indicates that goodwill impairment is more likely than not, the Company performs a two-step impairment&#13;test. The Company tests goodwill for impairment under the two-step impairment test by first comparing the book value of net assets&#13;to the fair value of the reporting units. If the fair value is determined to be less than the book value or qualitative factors&#13;indicate that it is more likely than not that goodwill is impaired, a second step is performed to compute the amount of impairment&#13;as the difference between the estimated fair value of goodwill and the carrying value. The Company estimates the fair value of&#13;the reporting units using discounted cash flows. Forecasts of future cash flows are based on our best estimate of future net sales&#13;and operating expenses, based primarily on expected category expansion, pricing, market segment share, and general economic conditions.&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;The&#13;Company completed the required testing of goodwill for impairment at the closing of Merger of BioKey on February 8, 2019, and&#13;determined that goodwill was impaired because of the current financial condition of the Company and the Company's inability&#13;to generate future operating income without substantial sales volume increases, which are highly uncertain. Furthermore, the Company&#13;anticipates future cash flows indicate that the recoverability of goodwill is not reasonably assured.&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;</us-gaap:GoodwillAndIntangibleAssetsPolicyTextBlock>
    <us-gaap:ResearchAndDevelopmentExpensePolicy contextRef="From2019-01-01to2019-03-31">&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;u&gt;Research&#13;and Development Expenses&lt;/u&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;The&#13;Company accounts for the cost of using licensing rights in research and development cost according to ASC Topic 730-10-25-1. This&#13;guidance provides that absent alternative future uses the acquisition of product rights to be used in research and development&#13;activities must be charged to research and development expenses when incurred.&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;For&#13;CDMO business unit, the Company accounts for R&amp;#38;D costs in accordance with Accounting Standards Codification ("ASC")&#13;730, Research and Development ("ASC 730"). Research and development expenses are charged to expense as incurred unless&#13;there is an alternative future use in other research and development projects or otherwise. Research and development expenses&#13;are comprised of costs incurred in performing research and development activities, including personnel-related costs, facilities-related&#13;overhead, and outside contracted services including clinical trial costs, manufacturing and process development costs for both&#13;clinical and preclinical materials, research costs, and other consulting services. Non-refundable advance payment for goods and&#13;services that will be used in future research and development activities are expensed when the activity has been performed or&#13;when the goods have been received rather than when the payment is made. In instances where the Company enters into agreements&#13;with third parties to provide research and development services, costs are expensed as services are performed.&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;</us-gaap:ResearchAndDevelopmentExpensePolicy>
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    <us-gaap:PensionAndOtherPostretirementPlansNonpensionBenefitsPolicy contextRef="From2019-01-01to2019-03-31">&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;u&gt;Post-retirement&#13;and post-employment benefits&lt;/u&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;i&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;The&#13;Company's subsidiaries in Taiwan adopted the government mandated defined contribution plan pursuant to the Labor Pension&#13;Act (the "Act") in Taiwan. Such labor regulations require that the rate of contribution made by an employer to the&#13;Labor Pension Fund per month shall not be less than 6% of the worker's monthly salaries. Pursuant to the Act, the Company&#13;makes monthly contribution equal to 6% of employees' salaries to the employees' pension fund. The Company has no legal&#13;obligation for the benefits beyond the contributions made. The total amounts for such employee benefits, which were expensed as&#13;incurred, were $4,424 and $5,586 for the three months ended March 31, 2019 and 2018, respectively. Other than the above, the Company&#13;does not provide any other post-retirement or post-employment benefits.&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;</us-gaap:PensionAndOtherPostretirementPlansNonpensionBenefitsPolicy>
    <us-gaap:CompensationRelatedCostsPolicyTextBlock contextRef="From2019-01-01to2019-03-31">&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;u&gt;Stock-based&#13;Compensation&lt;/u&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;The&#13;Company measures expense associated with all employee stock-based compensation awards using a fair value method and recognizes&#13;such expense in the consolidated financial statements on a straight-line basis over the requisite service period in accordance&#13;with FASB ASC Topic 718 "Compensation-Stock Compensation". Total employee stock-based compensation expenses were $0&#13;for the three months ended March 31, 2019 and 2018.&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;The&#13;Company accounted for stock-based compensation to non-employees in accordance with FASB ASC Topic 718 "Compensation-Stock&#13;Compensation" and FASB ASC Topic 505-50 "Equity-Based Payments to Non-Employees" which requires that the cost&#13;of services received from non-employees is measured at fair value at the earlier of the performance commitment date or the date&#13;service is completed and recognized over the period the service is provided. Total non-employee stock-based compensation expenses&#13;were $8,550 and $5,626 for the three months ended March 31, 2019 and 2018, respectively.&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;</us-gaap:CompensationRelatedCostsPolicyTextBlock>
    <us-gaap:CompensationRelatedCostsPolicyTextBlock contextRef="From2018-01-01to2018-12-31">&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;u&gt;Stock-based&#13;Compensation&lt;/u&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;The&#13;Company measures expense associated with all employee stock-based compensation awards using a fair value method and recognizes&#13;such expense in the consolidated financial statements on a straight-line basis over the requisite service period in accordance&#13;with FASB ASC Topic 718 "Compensation-Stock Compensation". Total employee stock-based compensation expenses were $0&#13;for the years ended December 31, 2018 and 2017.&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;The&#13;Company accounted for stock-based compensation to non-employees in accordance with FASB ASC Topic 718 "Compensation-Stock&#13;Compensation" and FASB ASC Topic 505-50 "Equity-Based Payments to Non-Employees" which requires that the cost&#13;of services received from non-employees is measured at fair value at the earlier of the performance commitment date or the date&#13;service is completed and recognized over the period the service is provided. Total non-employee stock-based compensation expenses&#13;were $28,800 and $155,400 for the years ended December 31, 2018 and 2017, respectively.&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;</us-gaap:CompensationRelatedCostsPolicyTextBlock>
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Under the asset and liability approach,&#13;deferred taxes are provided for the net tax effects of temporary differences between the carrying amounts of assets and liabilities&#13;for financial reporting purposes and the amounts used for income tax purposes. A valuation allowance is provided for deferred&#13;tax assets if it is more likely than not these items will expire before the Company is able to realize their benefits, or future&#13;deductibility is uncertain.&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;Under&#13;ASC 740, a tax position is recognized as a benefit only if it is&amp;#160;"more likely than not"&amp;#160;that the tax position&#13;would be sustained in a tax examination, with a tax examination being presumed to occur. The evaluation of a tax position is a&#13;two-step process. The first step is to determine whether it is more-likely-than-not that a tax position will be sustained upon&#13;examination, including the resolution of any related appeals or litigations based on the technical merits of that position. The&#13;second step is to measure a tax position that meets the more-likely-than-not threshold to determine the amount of benefits recognized&#13;in the financial statements. A tax position is measured at the largest amount of benefit that is greater than 50 percent likely&#13;of being realized upon ultimate settlement. Tax positions that previously failed to meet the more-likely-than-not recognition&#13;threshold should be recognized in the first subsequent period in which the threshold is met. Previously recognized tax positions&#13;that no longer meet the more-likely-than-not criteria should be de-recognized in the first subsequent financial reporting period&#13;in which the threshold is no longer satisfied. Penalties and interest incurred related to underpayment of income tax are classified&#13;as income tax expense in the year incurred. No significant penalty or interest relating to income taxes has been incurred for&#13;the three months ended March 31, 2019 and 2018. GAAP also provides guidance on de-recognition, classification, interest and penalties,&#13;accounting in interim periods, disclosures and transition.&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; background-color: white"&gt;On&#13;December 22, 2017, the SEC issued Staff Accounting Bulletin ("SAB 118"), which provides guidance on accounting for&#13;tax effects of the Tax Act. SAB 118 provides a measurement period that should not extend beyond one year from the Tax Act enactment&#13;date for companies to complete the accounting under ASC 740. In accordance with SAB 118, a company must reflect the income tax&#13;effects of those aspects of the Act for which the accounting under ASC 740 is complete. To the extent that a company's accounting&#13;for certain income tax effects of the Tax Act is incomplete but it is able to determine a reasonable estimate, it must record&#13;a provisional estimate to be included in the financial statements. If a company cannot determine a provisional estimate to be&#13;included in the financial statements, it should continue to apply ASC 740 on the basis of the provision of the tax laws that were&#13;in effect immediately before the enactment of the Tax Act. While the Company is able to make reasonable estimates of the impact&#13;of the reduction in corporate rate and the deemed repatriation transition tax, the final impact of the Tax Act may differ from&#13;these estimates, due to, among other things, changes in our interpretations and assumptions, additional guidance that may be issued&#13;by the I.R.S., and actions the Company may take. The Company is continuing to gather additional information to determine the final&#13;impact.&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;</us-gaap:IncomeTaxPolicyTextBlock>
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Under the asset and liability approach,&#13;deferred taxes are provided for the net tax effects of temporary differences between the carrying amounts of assets and liabilities&#13;for financial reporting purposes and the amounts used for income tax purposes. A valuation allowance is provided for deferred&#13;tax assets if it is more likely than not these items will expire before the Company is able to realize their benefits, or future&#13;deductibility is uncertain.&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;Under&#13;ASC 740, a tax position is recognized as a benefit only if it is&amp;#160;"more likely than not"&amp;#160;that the tax position&#13;would be sustained in a tax examination, with a tax examination being presumed to occur. The evaluation of a tax position is a&#13;two-step process. The first step is to determine whether it is more-likely-than-not that a tax position will be sustained upon&#13;examination, including the resolution of any related appeals or litigations based on the technical merits of that position. The&#13;second step is to measure a tax position that meets the more-likely-than-not threshold to determine the amount of benefits recognized&#13;in the financial statements. A tax position is measured at the largest amount of benefit that is greater than 50 percent likely&#13;of being realized upon ultimate settlement. Tax positions that previously failed to meet the more-likely-than-not recognition&#13;threshold should be recognized in the first subsequent period in which the threshold is met. Previously recognized tax positions&#13;that no longer meet the more-likely-than-not criteria should be de-recognized in the first subsequent financial reporting period&#13;in which the threshold is no longer satisfied. Penalties and interest incurred related to underpayment of income tax are classified&#13;as income tax expense in the year incurred. No significant penalty or interest relating to income taxes has been incurred for&#13;the years ended December 31, 2018 and 2017. GAAP also provides guidance on de-recognition, classification, interest and penalties,&#13;accounting in interim periods, disclosures and transition.&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; background-color: white"&gt;On&#13;December 22, 2017, the SEC issued Staff Accounting Bulletin ("SAB 118"), which provides guidance on accounting for&#13;tax effects of the Tax Act. SAB 118 provides a measurement period that should not extend beyond one year from the Tax Act enactment&#13;date for companies to complete the accounting under ASC 740. In accordance with SAB 118, a company must reflect the income tax&#13;effects of those aspects of the Act for which the accounting under ASC 740 is complete. To the extent that a company's accounting&#13;for certain income tax effects of the Tax Act is incomplete but it is able to determine a reasonable estimate, it must record&#13;a provisional estimate to be included in the financial statements. If a company cannot determine a provisional estimate to be&#13;included in the financial statements, it should continue to apply ASC 740 on the basis of the provision of the tax laws that were&#13;in effect immediately before the enactment of the Tax Act. While the Company is able to make reasonable estimates of the impact&#13;of the reduction in corporate rate and the deemed repatriation transition tax, the final impact of the Tax Act may differ from&#13;these estimates, due to, among other things, changes in our interpretations and assumptions, additional guidance that may be issued&#13;by the I.R.S., and actions we may take. 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The new guidance requires lessee recognition on the balance sheet&#13;of a right-of-use (ROU) asset and a lease liability, initially measured at the present value of the lease payments. It further&#13;requires recognition in the income statement of a single lease cost, calculated so that the cost of the lease is allocated over&#13;the lease term generally on a straight-line basis. Finally, it requires classification of all cash payments within operating activities&#13;in the statement of cash flows. The standard is effective for public companies for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2018&#13;and early adoption is permitted. The standard requires a transition adoption election using either 1) a modified retrospective&#13;approach with periods prior to the adoption date being recast or 2) a prospective adoption approach with a cumulative-effect adjustment&#13;recognized to the opening balance of retained earnings on the adoption date with prior periods not recast. The Company anticipates&#13;adopting this standard with an effective date of January 1, 2019 using the prospective adoption approach. The Company has evaluated&#13;the changes from this standard to its future financial reporting and disclosures, and has designed and implemented related processes&#13;and controls to address these changes. The Company believes the most significant effects relate to (1) the recognition of new&#13;ROU assets and lease liabilities on its balance sheet for its office operating lease; and (2) providing significant new disclosures&#13;about its leasing activities related to the amount, timing and uncertainty of cash flows arising from leases. The Company is continuing&#13;its assessment, which may identify additional impacts this guidance will have on its financial statements and disclosures.&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;On&#13;December 22, 2017, the SEC issued Staff Accounting Bulletin ("SAB 118"), which provides guidance on accounting for&#13;tax effects of the Tax Act. SAB 118 provides a measurement period that should not extend beyond one year from the Tax Act enactment&#13;date for companies to complete the accounting under ASC 740. In accordance with SAB 118, a company must reflect the income tax&#13;effects of those aspects of the Act for which the accounting under ASC 740 is complete.&amp;#160;&lt;font style="background-color: white"&gt;In&#13;March 2018, the FASB issued ASU 2018-05, Amendments to SEC Paragraphs Pursuant to SEC Staff Accounting Bulletin No. 118 (SEC Update),&#13;Income Taxes (Topic 740). ASU 2018-05 provides guidance regarding the recording of tax impacts where uncertainty exists, in the&#13;period of adoption of the 2017 U.S. Tax Cuts and Jobs Act (the "2017 Tax Act").&lt;/font&gt;To the extent that a company's&#13;accounting for certain income tax effects of the Tax Act is incomplete but it is able to determine a reasonable estimate, it must&#13;record a provisional estimate to be included in the financial statements. If a company cannot determine a provisional estimate&#13;to be included in the financial statements, it should continue to apply ASC 740 on the basis of the provision of the tax laws&#13;that were in effect immediately before the enactment of the Tax Act. While the Company is able to make reasonable estimates of&#13;the impact of the reduction in corporate rate and the deemed repatriation transition tax, the final impact of the Tax Act may&#13;differ from these estimates, due to, among other things, changes in its interpretations and assumptions, additional guidance that&#13;may be issued by the I.R.S., and actions that the Company may take. The Company has accounted for the tax effects of the Tax Cuts&#13;and Jobs Act under the guidance of SAB 118, on a provisional basis. The Company's accounting for certain income tax effects&#13;is incomplete, but the Company has determined reasonable estimates for those effects The Company is continuing to gather additional&#13;information to determine the final impact on its condensed consolidated financial statements.&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;In&#13;February 2018, the FASB issued Accounting Standards Update No. 2018-02 ("ASU 2018-02"), Income Statement - Reporting&#13;Comprehensive Income (Topic 220). The guidance in ASU 2018-02 allows an entity to elect to reclassify the stranded tax effects&#13;related to the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act (the Tax Act) of 2017 from accumulated other comprehensive income into retained earnings.&#13;ASU 2018-02 is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2018, with early adoption permitted. The Company is currently&#13;evaluating the effect this standard will have on its condensed consolidated financial statements.&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; background-color: white"&gt;In&#13;June 2018, the FASB issued ASU 2018-07, Compensation-Stock Compensation (Topic 718), Improvements to Nonemployee Share-based Payments&#13;("ASU 2018-07"). This ASU expands the scope of Topic 718 to include share-based payment transactions for acquiring&#13;goods and services from nonemployees. The effective date for the standard is for interim periods in fiscal years beginning after&#13;December 15, 2018, with early adoption permitted, but no earlier than the Company's adoption date of Topic 606. U&lt;/font&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;nder&#13;the new guidance, the measurement of nonemployee equity awards is fixed on the grant date.&amp;#160;&lt;font style="background-color: white"&gt;The&#13;new guidance is required to be applied retrospectively with the cumulative effect recognized at the date of initial application.&#13;The Company is currently evaluating the effect ASU 2018-07 will have on the condensed consolidated financial statements.&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;In&#13;August 2018, the FASB issued ASU 2018-13, Fair Value Measurement ("Topic 820"): Disclosure Framework - Changes to&#13;the Disclosure Requirements for Fair Value Measurement ("ASU 2018-13"). The ASU modifies the disclosure requirements&#13;in Topic 820, Fair Value Measurement, by removing certain disclosure requirements related to the fair value hierarchy, modifying&#13;existing disclosure requirements related to measurement uncertainty and adding new disclosure requirements, such as disclosing&#13;the changes in unrealized gains and losses for the period included in other comprehensive income for recurring Level 3 fair value&#13;measurements held at the end of the reporting period and disclosing the range and weighted average of significant unobservable&#13;inputs used to develop Level 3 fair value measurements. This ASU is effective for public companies for annual reporting periods&#13;and interim periods within those annual periods beginning after December 15, 2019. 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width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td colspan="2" style="font-weight: bold; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid"&gt;December&amp;#160;31,&lt;br /&gt; 2018&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td colspan="2" style="font-weight: bold; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid"&gt;December&amp;#160;31,&lt;br /&gt; 2017&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 76%; text-align: left"&gt;Accrued payroll&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 9%; text-align: right"&gt;444,400&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 9%; text-align: right"&gt;110,800&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;Accrued rent&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;4,941&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;Accrued interest expense &amp;#8211; related party (Note 7)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;18,868&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;17,460&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;Accrued expenses&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;87,240&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;42,667&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="padding-bottom: 4pt; padding-left: 10pt"&gt;Total&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 4pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; text-align: right"&gt;555,449&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 4pt; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 4pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; text-align: right"&gt;170,927&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 4pt; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;/table&gt;</us-gaap:AccountsPayableAndAccruedLiabilitiesDisclosureTextBlock>
    <us-gaap:ScheduleOfAccountsPayableAndAccruedLiabilitiesTableTextBlock contextRef="From2018-01-01to2018-12-31">&lt;table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td colspan="2" style="font-weight: bold; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid"&gt;December&amp;#160;31,&lt;br /&gt; 2018&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td colspan="2" style="font-weight: bold; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid"&gt;December&amp;#160;31,&lt;br /&gt; 2017&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 76%; text-align: left"&gt;Accrued payroll&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 9%; text-align: right"&gt;444,400&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 9%; text-align: right"&gt;110,800&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;Accrued rent&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;4,941&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;Accrued interest expense &amp;#8211; related party (Note 7)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;18,868&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;17,460&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;Accrued expenses&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;87,240&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;42,667&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="padding-bottom: 4pt; padding-left: 10pt"&gt;Total&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 4pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; text-align: right"&gt;555,449&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 4pt; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 4pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; text-align: right"&gt;170,927&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 4pt; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;/table&gt;</us-gaap:ScheduleOfAccountsPayableAndAccruedLiabilitiesTableTextBlock>
    <us-gaap:AccruedPayrollTaxesCurrent contextRef="Context_As_Of_31_Dec_2017T00_00_00_TO_31_Dec_2017T00_00_00" unitRef="USD" decimals="0">110800</us-gaap:AccruedPayrollTaxesCurrent>
    <us-gaap:AccruedPayrollTaxesCurrent contextRef="AsOf2018-12-31" unitRef="USD" decimals="0">444400</us-gaap:AccruedPayrollTaxesCurrent>
    <us-gaap:AccruedRentCurrent contextRef="Context_As_Of_31_Dec_2017T00_00_00_TO_31_Dec_2017T00_00_00" unitRef="USD" xsi:nil="true" />
    <us-gaap:AccruedRentCurrent contextRef="AsOf2018-12-31" unitRef="USD" decimals="0">4941</us-gaap:AccruedRentCurrent>
    <abvcd:AccruedInterestExpenseRelatedParty contextRef="Context_As_Of_31_Dec_2017T00_00_00_TO_31_Dec_2017T00_00_00" unitRef="USD" decimals="0">17460</abvcd:AccruedInterestExpenseRelatedParty>
    <abvcd:AccruedInterestExpenseRelatedParty contextRef="AsOf2018-12-31" unitRef="USD" decimals="0">18868</abvcd:AccruedInterestExpenseRelatedParty>
    <abvcd:AccruedExpenses contextRef="Context_As_Of_31_Dec_2017T00_00_00_TO_31_Dec_2017T00_00_00" unitRef="USD" decimals="0">42667</abvcd:AccruedExpenses>
    <abvcd:AccruedExpenses contextRef="AsOf2018-12-31" unitRef="USD" decimals="0">87240</abvcd:AccruedExpenses>
    <abvcd:OtherReceivableRelatedPartiesTableTextBlock contextRef="From2018-01-01to2018-12-31">&lt;table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td colspan="2" style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center"&gt;December 31,&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td colspan="2" style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center"&gt;December&amp;#160;31,&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td colspan="2" style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid"&gt;2018&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td colspan="2" style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid"&gt;2017&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 76%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;BioFirst (Australia)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 1%; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 9%; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"&gt;40,000&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 1%; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 9%; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"&gt;&amp;#160;&amp;#160;&amp;#160;&amp;#160;&amp;#160;&amp;#160;&amp;#160;-&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 4pt; padding-left: 0.125in"&gt;Total&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 4pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"&gt;40,000&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 4pt; font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 4pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"&gt;-&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 4pt; font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;/table&gt;</abvcd:OtherReceivableRelatedPartiesTableTextBlock>
    <us-gaap:RelatedPartyTransactionDueFromToRelatedParty contextRef="AsOf2017-09-25_us-gaap_CollaborativeArrangementMember" unitRef="USD" decimals="0">3000000</us-gaap:RelatedPartyTransactionDueFromToRelatedParty>
    <us-gaap:PaymentsForRent contextRef="From2018-09-27to2018-10-02_custom_BioKeyMember" unitRef="USD" decimals="0">800</us-gaap:PaymentsForRent>
    <us-gaap:LeaseAndRentalExpense contextRef="From2018-01-01to2018-12-31" unitRef="USD" decimals="0">0</us-gaap:LeaseAndRentalExpense>
    <us-gaap:LeaseAndRentalExpense contextRef="From2018-01-01to2018-12-31_custom_BioKeyMember" unitRef="USD" decimals="0">2400</us-gaap:LeaseAndRentalExpense>
    <us-gaap:LeaseAndRentalExpense contextRef="From2017-01-01to2017-12-31_custom_BioKeyMember" unitRef="USD" decimals="0">0</us-gaap:LeaseAndRentalExpense>
    <abvcd:OneTimeConsultingService contextRef="From2017-01-01to2017-12-31_custom_LiongeneCorporationMember" unitRef="USD" decimals="0">70000</abvcd:OneTimeConsultingService>
    <us-gaap:ProceedsFromIssuanceInitialPublicOffering contextRef="From2016-08-01to2016-08-26_custom_BioliteIncMember" unitRef="USD" decimals="0">2350000</us-gaap:ProceedsFromIssuanceInitialPublicOffering>
    <us-gaap:ScheduleOfComponentsOfIncomeTaxExpenseBenefitTableTextBlock contextRef="From2018-01-01to2018-12-31">&lt;table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td colspan="10" style="font-weight: bold; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid"&gt;Year ended &lt;br /&gt; December 31, 2018&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td colspan="10" style="font-weight: bold; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid"&gt;Year ended &lt;br /&gt; December 31, 2017&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td colspan="2" style="font-weight: bold; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid"&gt;Federal&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td colspan="2" style="font-weight: bold; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid"&gt;State&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td colspan="2" style="font-weight: bold; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid"&gt;Total&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td colspan="2" style="font-weight: bold; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid"&gt;Federal&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td colspan="2" style="font-weight: bold; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid"&gt;State&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td colspan="2" style="font-weight: bold; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid"&gt;Total&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 28%"&gt;Current&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 9%; text-align: right"&gt;-&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 9%; text-align: right"&gt;1,850&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 9%; text-align: right"&gt;1,850&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 9%; text-align: right"&gt;-&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 9%; text-align: right"&gt;830&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 9%; text-align: right"&gt;830&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;Deferred&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;&amp;#160;&amp;#160;&amp;#160;&amp;#160;&amp;#160;&amp;#160;&amp;#160;&amp;#160;&amp;#160;-&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;-&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;-&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;&amp;#160;&amp;#160;&amp;#160;&amp;#160;&amp;#160;&amp;#160;&amp;#160;&amp;#160;&amp;#160;&amp;#160;&amp;#160;&amp;#160;&amp;#160;&amp;#160;-&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;-&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;-&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="padding-bottom: 4pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 4pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; text-align: right"&gt;-&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 4pt; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 4pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; text-align: right"&gt;1,850&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 4pt; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 4pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; text-align: right"&gt;1,850&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 4pt; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 4pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; text-align: right"&gt;-&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 4pt; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 4pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; text-align: right"&gt;830&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 4pt; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 4pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; text-align: right"&gt;830&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 4pt; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;/table&gt;</us-gaap:ScheduleOfComponentsOfIncomeTaxExpenseBenefitTableTextBlock>
    <us-gaap:ScheduleOfEffectiveIncomeTaxRateReconciliationTableTextBlock contextRef="From2018-01-01to2018-12-31">&lt;table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td colspan="6" style="font-weight: bold; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid"&gt;Years ended &lt;br /&gt; December 31,&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td colspan="2" style="font-weight: bold; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid"&gt;2018&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td colspan="2" style="font-weight: bold; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid"&gt;2017&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 76%; text-align: justify"&gt;Statutory federal tax benefit, net of state tax effects&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 9%; text-align: right"&gt;19&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;%&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 9%; text-align: right"&gt;31&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;%&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: justify"&gt;State income taxes&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;8.84&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;%&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;8.84&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;%&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: justify"&gt;Provisional remeasurement of deferred taxes&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;-&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;%&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;(13&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;)%&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: justify"&gt;Nondeductible/nontaxable items&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;(1&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;)%&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;(4&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;)%&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: justify; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;Change in valuation allowance&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;(26.84&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;)%&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;(22.84&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;)%&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left; padding-bottom: 4pt"&gt;Effective income tax rate&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 4pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; text-align: right"&gt;0&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 4pt; text-align: left"&gt;%&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 4pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; text-align: right"&gt;0&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 4pt; text-align: left"&gt;%&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;/table&gt;</us-gaap:ScheduleOfEffectiveIncomeTaxRateReconciliationTableTextBlock>
    <us-gaap:CurrentFederalTaxExpenseBenefit contextRef="From2018-01-01to2018-12-31" unitRef="USD" xsi:nil="true" />
    <us-gaap:CurrentFederalTaxExpenseBenefit contextRef="From2017-01-01to2017-12-31" unitRef="USD" xsi:nil="true" />
    <us-gaap:DeferredFederalIncomeTaxExpenseBenefit contextRef="From2018-01-01to2018-12-31" unitRef="USD" xsi:nil="true" />
    <us-gaap:DeferredFederalIncomeTaxExpenseBenefit contextRef="From2017-01-01to2017-12-31" unitRef="USD" xsi:nil="true" />
    <abvcd:FederalTotal contextRef="From2018-01-01to2018-12-31" unitRef="USD" xsi:nil="true" />
    <abvcd:FederalTotal contextRef="From2017-01-01to2017-12-31" unitRef="USD" xsi:nil="true" />
    <us-gaap:CurrentStateAndLocalTaxExpenseBenefit contextRef="From2018-01-01to2018-12-31" unitRef="USD" decimals="0">1850</us-gaap:CurrentStateAndLocalTaxExpenseBenefit>
    <us-gaap:CurrentStateAndLocalTaxExpenseBenefit contextRef="From2017-01-01to2017-12-31" unitRef="USD" decimals="0">830</us-gaap:CurrentStateAndLocalTaxExpenseBenefit>
    <us-gaap:DeferredStateAndLocalIncomeTaxExpenseBenefit contextRef="From2018-01-01to2018-12-31" unitRef="USD" xsi:nil="true" />
    <us-gaap:DeferredStateAndLocalIncomeTaxExpenseBenefit contextRef="From2017-01-01to2017-12-31" unitRef="USD" xsi:nil="true" />
    <abvcd:StateTotal contextRef="From2018-01-01to2018-12-31" unitRef="USD" decimals="0">1850</abvcd:StateTotal>
    <abvcd:StateTotal contextRef="From2017-01-01to2017-12-31" unitRef="USD" decimals="0">830</abvcd:StateTotal>
    <us-gaap:CurrentIncomeTaxExpenseBenefit contextRef="From2018-01-01to2018-12-31" unitRef="USD" decimals="0">1850</us-gaap:CurrentIncomeTaxExpenseBenefit>
    <us-gaap:CurrentIncomeTaxExpenseBenefit contextRef="From2017-01-01to2017-12-31" unitRef="USD" decimals="0">830</us-gaap:CurrentIncomeTaxExpenseBenefit>
    <us-gaap:DeferredTaxAssetsGrossNoncurrent contextRef="Context_As_Of_31_Dec_2017T00_00_00_TO_31_Dec_2017T00_00_00" unitRef="USD" decimals="0">594501</us-gaap:DeferredTaxAssetsGrossNoncurrent>
    <us-gaap:DeferredTaxAssetsGrossNoncurrent contextRef="AsOf2018-12-31" unitRef="USD" decimals="0">913954</us-gaap:DeferredTaxAssetsGrossNoncurrent>
    <us-gaap:DeferredTaxAssetsGrossNoncurrent contextRef="AsOf2018-12-31_custom_ABVCMember" unitRef="USD" xsi:nil="true" />
    <us-gaap:DeferredTaxAssetsGrossNoncurrent contextRef="AsOf2018-12-31_custom_BioKeyMember" unitRef="USD" xsi:nil="true" />
    <us-gaap:DeferredTaxAssetsGrossNoncurrent contextRef="AsOf2018-12-31_custom_BioLiteMember" unitRef="USD" decimals="0">1347995</us-gaap:DeferredTaxAssetsGrossNoncurrent>
    <us-gaap:DeferredTaxAssetsGrossNoncurrent contextRef="AsOf2018-12-31_us-gaap_ProFormaMember" unitRef="USD" decimals="0">1347995</us-gaap:DeferredTaxAssetsGrossNoncurrent>
    <us-gaap:DeferredTaxAssetsValuationAllowanceNoncurrent contextRef="Context_As_Of_31_Dec_2017T00_00_00_TO_31_Dec_2017T00_00_00" unitRef="USD" decimals="0">594501</us-gaap:DeferredTaxAssetsValuationAllowanceNoncurrent>
    <us-gaap:DeferredTaxAssetsValuationAllowanceNoncurrent contextRef="AsOf2018-12-31" unitRef="USD" decimals="0">913954</us-gaap:DeferredTaxAssetsValuationAllowanceNoncurrent>
    <us-gaap:DeferredTaxAssetsNetNoncurrent contextRef="Context_As_Of_31_Dec_2017T00_00_00_TO_31_Dec_2017T00_00_00" unitRef="USD" xsi:nil="true" />
    <us-gaap:DeferredTaxAssetsNetNoncurrent contextRef="AsOf2018-12-31" unitRef="USD" xsi:nil="true" />
    <us-gaap:EffectiveIncomeTaxRateReconciliationAtFederalStatutoryIncomeTaxRate contextRef="From2018-01-01to2018-12-31" unitRef="pure" decimals="INF">0.19</us-gaap:EffectiveIncomeTaxRateReconciliationAtFederalStatutoryIncomeTaxRate>
    <us-gaap:EffectiveIncomeTaxRateReconciliationAtFederalStatutoryIncomeTaxRate contextRef="From2017-01-01to2017-12-31" unitRef="pure" decimals="INF">0.31</us-gaap:EffectiveIncomeTaxRateReconciliationAtFederalStatutoryIncomeTaxRate>
    <us-gaap:EffectiveIncomeTaxRateReconciliationStateAndLocalIncomeTaxes contextRef="From2018-01-01to2018-12-31" unitRef="pure" decimals="INF">0.0884</us-gaap:EffectiveIncomeTaxRateReconciliationStateAndLocalIncomeTaxes>
    <us-gaap:EffectiveIncomeTaxRateReconciliationStateAndLocalIncomeTaxes contextRef="From2017-01-01to2017-12-31" unitRef="pure" decimals="INF">0.0884</us-gaap:EffectiveIncomeTaxRateReconciliationStateAndLocalIncomeTaxes>
    <abvcd:ProvisionalRemeasurementOfDeferredTaxes contextRef="From2018-01-01to2018-12-31" unitRef="pure" xsi:nil="true" />
    <abvcd:ProvisionalRemeasurementOfDeferredTaxes contextRef="From2017-01-01to2017-12-31" unitRef="pure" decimals="INF">-0.13</abvcd:ProvisionalRemeasurementOfDeferredTaxes>
    <us-gaap:EffectiveIncomeTaxRateReconciliationNondeductibleExpense contextRef="From2018-01-01to2018-12-31" unitRef="pure" decimals="INF">0.01</us-gaap:EffectiveIncomeTaxRateReconciliationNondeductibleExpense>
    <us-gaap:EffectiveIncomeTaxRateReconciliationNondeductibleExpense contextRef="From2017-01-01to2017-12-31" unitRef="pure" decimals="INF">0.04</us-gaap:EffectiveIncomeTaxRateReconciliationNondeductibleExpense>
    <us-gaap:EffectiveIncomeTaxRateReconciliationChangeInDeferredTaxAssetsValuationAllowance contextRef="From2018-01-01to2018-12-31" unitRef="pure" decimals="INF">-0.2684</us-gaap:EffectiveIncomeTaxRateReconciliationChangeInDeferredTaxAssetsValuationAllowance>
    <us-gaap:EffectiveIncomeTaxRateReconciliationChangeInDeferredTaxAssetsValuationAllowance contextRef="From2017-01-01to2017-12-31" unitRef="pure" decimals="INF">-0.2284</us-gaap:EffectiveIncomeTaxRateReconciliationChangeInDeferredTaxAssetsValuationAllowance>
    <us-gaap:EffectiveIncomeTaxRateContinuingOperations contextRef="From2018-01-01to2018-12-31" unitRef="pure" decimals="INF">0.00</us-gaap:EffectiveIncomeTaxRateContinuingOperations>
    <us-gaap:EffectiveIncomeTaxRateContinuingOperations contextRef="From2017-01-01to2017-12-31" unitRef="pure" decimals="INF">0.00</us-gaap:EffectiveIncomeTaxRateContinuingOperations>
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    <us-gaap:IncomeTaxDisclosureTextBlock contextRef="From2018-01-01to2018-12-31">&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;b&gt;10.&#13;INCOME TAX&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;The&#13;Company files income tax returns in the U.S. federal jurisdiction, and various state and local jurisdictions. The Company is no&#13;longer subject to U.S. federal, state and local income tax examinations by tax authorities for years before 2013.&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;On&#13;December 22, 2017 H.R. 1, originally known as the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act, (the "Tax Act") was enacted. Among the significant&#13;changes to the U.S. Internal Revenue Code, the Tax Act lowers the U.S. federal corporate income tax rate ("Federal Tax Rate")&#13;from 35% to 21% effective January 1, 2018. The 21% Federal Tax Rate will apply to earnings reported for the full 2018 fiscal year.&#13;In addition, the Company must re-measure its net deferred tax assets and liabilities using the Federal Tax Rate that will apply&#13;when these amounts are expected to reverse. As of December 31, 2017, the Company can determine a reasonable estimate for certain&#13;effects of tax reform and recorded that estimate as a provisional amount. The provisional remeasurement of the deferred tax assets&#13;and allowance valuation of deferred tax assets at December 31, 2017 resulted in a net effect of $0 discrete tax expenses (benefit)&#13;which lowered the effective tax rate by 14% for the year ended December 31, 2017. The provisional remeasurement amount is anticipated&#13;to change as data becomes available allowing more accurate scheduling of the deferred tax assets and liabilities primarily related&#13;to net operating loss carryover.&amp;#160;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;Components&#13;of income tax (benefits) for the twelve months ended December 31, 2018 and 2017 are as follows:&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td colspan="10" style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid"&gt;Year&#13;    ended&amp;#160;&lt;br /&gt; December 31, 2018&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td colspan="10" style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid"&gt;Year&#13;    ended&amp;#160;&lt;br /&gt; December 31, 2017&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td colspan="2" style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid"&gt;Federal&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td colspan="2" style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid"&gt;State&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td colspan="2" style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid"&gt;Total&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td colspan="2" style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid"&gt;Federal&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td colspan="2" style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid"&gt;State&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td colspan="2" style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid"&gt;Total&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 28%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;Current&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 9%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"&gt;&amp;#160;&amp;#160;&amp;#160;&amp;#160;&amp;#160;&amp;#160;-&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 9%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"&gt;1,850&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 9%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"&gt;1,850&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 9%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"&gt;&amp;#160;&amp;#160;&amp;#160;&amp;#160;&amp;#160;&amp;#160;-&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 9%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"&gt;830&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 9%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"&gt;830&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;Deferred&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"&gt;-&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"&gt;-&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"&gt;-&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"&gt;-&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"&gt;-&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"&gt;-&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 4pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 4pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"&gt;-&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 4pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 4pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"&gt;1,850&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 4pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 4pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"&gt;1,850&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 4pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 4pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"&gt;-&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 4pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 4pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"&gt;830&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 4pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 4pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"&gt;830&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 4pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;/table&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;Significant&#13;components of the Company's deferred tax accounts at December 31, 2018 and September 30, 2017:&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td colspan="2" style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid"&gt;December&#13;    31,&lt;br /&gt; 2018&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td colspan="2" style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid"&gt;December&#13;    31,&lt;br /&gt; 2017&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;Deferred Tax Account - noncurrent:&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td colspan="2" style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td colspan="2" style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 76%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; padding-left: 0.125in"&gt;Tax losses carryforwards&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 9%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"&gt;913,954&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 9%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"&gt;594,501&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; padding-left: 0.25in"&gt;Less: Valuation allowance&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"&gt;(913,954&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"&gt;(594,501&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; padding-bottom: 4pt; padding-left: 0.375in"&gt;Total deferred tax account&#13;    - noncurrent&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 4pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"&gt;-&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 4pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 4pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"&gt;-&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 4pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;/table&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;The&#13;difference between the effective rate reflected in the provision for income taxes on loss before taxes and the amounts determined&#13;by applying the applicable statutory U.S. tax rate are analyzed below:&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td colspan="6" style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid"&gt;Years&#13;    ended&amp;#160;&lt;br /&gt; December 31,&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td colspan="2" style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid"&gt;2018&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td colspan="2" style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid"&gt;2017&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 76%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"&gt;Statutory federal tax benefit, net&#13;    of state tax effects&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 9%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"&gt;19&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;%&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 9%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"&gt;31&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;%&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"&gt;State income taxes&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"&gt;8.84&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;%&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"&gt;8.84&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;%&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"&gt;Provisional remeasurement of deferred taxes&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"&gt;-&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;%&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"&gt;(13&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;)%&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"&gt;Nondeductible/nontaxable items&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"&gt;(1&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;)%&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"&gt;(4&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;)%&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;Change in valuation allowance&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"&gt;(26.84&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;)%&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"&gt;(22.84&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;)%&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; padding-bottom: 4pt"&gt;Effective income tax rate&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 4pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"&gt;0&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 4pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;%&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 4pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"&gt;0&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 4pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;%&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;/table&gt;</us-gaap:IncomeTaxDisclosureTextBlock>
    <us-gaap:ScheduleOfDeferredTaxAssetsAndLiabilitiesTableTextBlock contextRef="From2018-01-01to2018-12-31">&lt;table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td colspan="2" style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid"&gt;December&#13;    31,&lt;br /&gt; 2018&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td colspan="2" style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid"&gt;December&#13;    31,&lt;br /&gt; 2017&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;Deferred Tax Account - noncurrent:&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td colspan="2" style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td colspan="2" style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 76%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; padding-left: 0.125in"&gt;Tax losses carryforwards&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 9%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"&gt;913,954&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 9%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"&gt;594,501&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; padding-left: 0.25in"&gt;Less: Valuation allowance&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"&gt;(913,954&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"&gt;(594,501&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; padding-bottom: 4pt; padding-left: 0.375in"&gt;Total deferred tax account&#13;    - noncurrent&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 4pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"&gt;-&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 4pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 4pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"&gt;-&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 4pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;/table&gt;</us-gaap:ScheduleOfDeferredTaxAssetsAndLiabilitiesTableTextBlock>
    <abvcd:ScheduleOfReconciliationOfCommonStockToBeIssuedTableTextBlock contextRef="From2018-01-01to2018-12-31">&lt;table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 88%; text-align: justify; text-indent: -9pt; padding-left: 9pt"&gt;BioLite Outstanding shares as of December 31, 2018&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 9%; text-align: right"&gt;41,207,444&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left; text-indent: -9pt; padding-left: 9pt"&gt;Exchange of each BioLite share of common stock outstanding as of December 31, 2018, for 1.82 shares of ABVC common stock&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;1.82&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: justify; text-indent: -9pt; padding-left: 9pt"&gt;ABVC common stock to be issued to BioLite as a result of the Merger&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;74,997,548&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: justify; text-indent: -9pt; padding-left: 9pt"&gt;Par value $0.001 per share of ABVC&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;74,998&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;/table&gt;</abvcd:ScheduleOfReconciliationOfCommonStockToBeIssuedTableTextBlock>
    <abvcd:ScheduleOfCommonStockToBeIssuedToShareholdersInExchangeOfCommonStockOutstandingTableTextBlock contextRef="From2018-01-01to2018-12-31">&lt;table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 88%; text-align: justify; text-indent: -9pt; padding-left: 9pt"&gt;BioKey Outstanding shares as of December 31, 2018&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 9%; text-align: right"&gt;7,428,134&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;Exchange of each BioKey share of common stock outstanding as of December 31, 2018, for one share of ABVC common stock&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;1&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: justify; text-indent: -9pt; padding-left: 9pt"&gt;ABVC common stock to be issued to BioKey as a result of the Merger&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;7,428,134&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: justify; text-indent: -9pt; padding-left: 9pt"&gt;Par value $0.001 per share of ABVC&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;7,428&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;/table&gt;</abvcd:ScheduleOfCommonStockToBeIssuedToShareholdersInExchangeOfCommonStockOutstandingTableTextBlock>
    <abvcd:ScheduleOfCommonStockToBeIssuedToShareholdersInExchangeOfPreferredStockOutstanding contextRef="From2018-01-01to2018-12-31">&lt;p style="margin: 0pt"&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: justify"&gt;BioKey Outstanding shares as of December 31, 2018&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td colspan="2" style="text-align: right"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 88%; text-align: justify; padding-left: 9pt"&gt;7,000,000 shares of Series A&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 9%; text-align: right"&gt;7,000,000&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: justify; padding-left: 9pt"&gt;1,160,000 shares of Series B&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;1,160,000&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: justify; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; padding-left: 9pt"&gt;13,973,097 shares of Series C&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;13,973,097&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: justify"&gt;BioKey&amp;#8217;s total shares of preferred stock outstanding as of December 31, 2018&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;22,133,097&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left; text-indent: -9pt; padding-left: 9pt"&gt;Exchange of each BioKey share of preferred stock outstanding as of December 31, 2018, for one share of ABVC common stock&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;1&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: justify"&gt;ABVC common stock to be issued to BioKey as a result of the Merger&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;22,133,097&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: justify"&gt;Par value $0.001 per share of ABVC&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;22,133&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;/table&gt;&#13;&lt;p style="margin: 0pt"&gt;&lt;/p&gt;</abvcd:ScheduleOfCommonStockToBeIssuedToShareholdersInExchangeOfPreferredStockOutstanding>
    <us-gaap:ScheduleOfCommonStockOutstandingRollForwardTableTextBlock contextRef="From2018-01-01to2018-12-31">&lt;table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;&lt;td style="width: 88%; text-align: justify"&gt;ABVC common stock issued as of December 31, 2018&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 9%; text-align: right"&gt;213,926,475&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: justify"&gt;ABVC common stock held by BioLite pursuant to the BioLite Collaborative Agreement (see Note {g})&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;(3,487,500&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: justify"&gt;ABVC common stock held by BioLite for cash issuance (see Note {h})&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;(1,468,750&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: justify"&gt;ABVC common stock to be issued to BioLite as a result of the Merger&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;74,997,548&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: justify; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;ABVC common stock to be issued to BioKey as a result of the Merger&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;29,561,231&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: justify; padding-left: 9pt"&gt;Total common stock of the combined company outstanding following the Merger&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;313,529,004&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;/table&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.25in; background-color: white"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0; width: 100%"&gt;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: top; text-align: justify"&gt;&#13;&lt;td style="width: 0"&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 0.25in; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;{g}&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;u&gt;Collaborative&#13;agreement with BioLite Inc., a related party&lt;/u&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;/table&gt;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.25in; text-align: justify"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.25in; text-align: justify"&gt;On December 29, 2015, American&#13;BriVision Corporation (&amp;#8220;BriVision&amp;#8221;) entered into a collaborative agreement (the &amp;#8220;BioLite Collaborative Agreement&amp;#8221;)&#13;with BioLite, a related party, pursuant to which BioLite granted BriVision sole licensing rights for drug and therapeutic use of&#13;five products, including BLI-1005 CNS-Major Depressive Disorder, BLI-1008 CNS-Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder, BLI-1401-1&#13;Anti-Tumor Combination Therapy-Solid Tumor with Anti-PD-1, BLI-1401-2 Anti-Tumor Combination Therapy-Triple Negative Breast Cancer,&#13;and BLI-1501 Hematology-Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia, in the U.S.A and Canada. Under the BioLite Collaborative Agreement, BriVision&#13;should pay a total of $100,000,000 in cash or stock of BriVision with equivalent value, according to the following schedule:&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.25in; text-align: justify"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.25in; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0; width: 100%"&gt;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: top; text-align: justify"&gt;&#13;&lt;td style="width: 0"&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 0.25in; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;{h}&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;On&#13;August 26, 2016, ABVC issued 1,468,750 shares of common stock, par value $0.001 to BioLite pursuant to a certain Stock Purchase&#13;Agreement dated August 26, 2016. The purchase price per share of the Offering is $1.60. The net proceeds to the Company from the&#13;Offering are approximately $2,350,000.&amp;#160;&amp;#160;The unaudited pro forma adjustments were made as if the Merger occurred on December&#13;31, 2018. As such, these common stock shares of ABVC held by BioLite shall be treated be treated as outstanding shares, and shall&#13;be reflected as treasury shares. The corresponding long-term investment of BioLite has been written off in full amount, included&#13;in the accumulated deficit as of December 31, 2018. Such amount has been eliminated in the pro forma condensed balance sheet.&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;/table&gt;</us-gaap:ScheduleOfCommonStockOutstandingRollForwardTableTextBlock>
    <us-gaap:MembersEquityNotesDisclosureTextBlock contextRef="From2019-01-01to2019-03-31">&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;b&gt;NOTE&#13;10. NOTES PAYABLE&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;On&#13;November 27, 2017, BioLite Taiwan and Cheng-Chi International Co., Ltd., a Taiwanese company, entered into a promissory note for&#13;borrowing an aggregate amount of NT$6,000,000, equivalent to $196,200, for the period from November 27, 2017 to January 11, 2018.&#13;The principal of promissory note bears interest at 12% per annum. This promissory note is secured by 700,000 Common Stock shares&#13;of ABVC and is also personal guaranteed by the Company's chairman. On January 11, 2018, the principal and accrued interest&#13;totaling NT$6,090,000, equivalent to $199,143, has been paid in full.&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;On&#13;March 27, 2018, BioLite Taiwan and two individuals entered into a promissory note, (the "Hsu and Chow Promissory Note"),&#13;for borrowing an aggregate amount of NT$4,660,000, equivalent to $152,382, for the period from March 27, 2018 to June 26, 2018.&#13;On September 26, 2018, the company extended the original loan agreement through December 26, 2018. As of the date of this prospectus,&#13;BioLite Taiwan and Hsu and Chow are still negotiating to extend this promissory note. The principal of the Hsu and Chow Promissory&#13;Note bears interest at 13.6224% per annum. This Hsu and Chow Promissory Note was secured by common stock shares of ABVC and was&#13;also personal guaranteed by the Company's chairman. Interest expense was $5,085 and $1,807 for the three months ended March&#13;31, 2019 and 2018, respectively.&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;As&#13;of March 31, 2019, BioLite Taiwan also entered various unsecured loan agreements bearing interest at fixed rates between 12% and&#13;13.6224% per annum with three individuals to advance in aggregate of NT$10,750,000, equivalent to $348,300, for working capital&#13;purpose. The term of the loan varies from one month to three months with various maturity dates through May 25, 2018. As of the&#13;date of this prospectus, BioLite Taiwan is still in discussion with the three individuals with respect to the terms of extension&#13;for the unsecured loans. Interest expense was $10,768 and $8,834 for the three months ended March 31, 2019 and 2018, respectively.&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;On&#13;December 27, 2018, BioLite Taiwan issued a promissory note of NT$450,000, equivalent to $14,715, to Taipei Veterans General Hospital&#13;to repay the clinical experiment costs. The note has been paid in full on January 2, 2019.&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;</us-gaap:MembersEquityNotesDisclosureTextBlock>
    <abvcd:ReceivableFromCollaborationPartners contextRef="From2018-01-01to2018-12-31">&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;u&gt;Receivable&#13;from Collaboration Partners&lt;/u&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;Receivable&#13;from collaboration partners is stated at carrying value less estimates made for doubtful receivables. An allowance for impairment&#13;of receivable from collaboration partners is established if the collection of a receivable becomes doubtful. Such receivable becomes&#13;doubtful when there is objective evidence that the Company will not be able to collect all amounts due according to the original&#13;terms of the receivables. Significant financial difficulties of the debtor, probability that the debtor will enter into bankruptcy&#13;or financial reorganization, and default or delinquency in payments are considered indicators that the receivable is impaired.&#13;The amount of the allowance is the difference between the asset's carrying amount and the present value of estimated future&#13;cash flows, discounted at the original effective interest rate.&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;</abvcd:ReceivableFromCollaborationPartners>
    <abvcd:ScheduleOfRecognizedIdentifiedAssetAcquiredAndLiabilitiesAssumedTableTextBlock contextRef="From2019-01-01to2019-03-31">&lt;table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom"&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;Purchase consideration:&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td colspan="2" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 88%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;Common Stock (*)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 9%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"&gt;44,341,847&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;Allocation of the purchase price:&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;Cash and cash equivalents&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"&gt;531,147&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;Accounts receivable, net&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"&gt;188,550&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;Property and equipment, net&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"&gt;56,075&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;Operating lease right-of-use assets&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"&gt;485,684&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;Security deposits&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"&gt;10,440&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;Total assets acquired&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"&gt;1,271,896&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;Accounts payable&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"&gt;(56,204&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;Accrued expenses and other current liabilities&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"&gt;(251,335&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;Operating lease liability&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"&gt;(267,256&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;Tenant security deposit&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"&gt;(2,880&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;Total liabilities assumed&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"&gt;(577,675&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;Total net assets acquired&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"&gt;694,221&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; padding-bottom: 4pt"&gt;Goodwill as a result of the&#13;    Merger&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 4pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"&gt;43,647,626&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 4pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;/table&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0; width: 100%"&gt;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: top; text-align: justify"&gt;&#13;&lt;td style="width: 0"&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 0.25in; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;*&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;29,561,231&#13;shares of ABVC common stock issued to BioKey in connection with the Merger. Those shares were valued at $1.50 per share, based&#13;on the bid-and-ask share price of ABVC Common Stock on the final day of trading, February 8, 2019.&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;/table&gt;</abvcd:ScheduleOfRecognizedIdentifiedAssetAcquiredAndLiabilitiesAssumedTableTextBlock>
    <abvcd:ScheduleOfCondensedBalanceSheetsTableTextBlock contextRef="From2018-01-01to2018-12-31">&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: center; background-color: white"&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-left: 10pt; text-indent: -10pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td colspan="2" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td colspan="2" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td colspan="2" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td colspan="2" style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center"&gt;Pro Forma&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td colspan="2" style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center"&gt;Pro Forma&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; padding-left: 10pt; text-indent: -10pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td colspan="2" style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid"&gt;ABVC&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td colspan="2" style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid"&gt;BioKey&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td colspan="2" style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid"&gt;BioLite&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td colspan="2" style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid"&gt;Adjustment&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid"&gt;Note&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td colspan="2" style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid"&gt;Combined&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-left: 10pt; text-indent: -10pt"&gt;ASSETS&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td colspan="2" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td colspan="2" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td colspan="2" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td colspan="2" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td colspan="2" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-left: 10pt; text-indent: -10pt"&gt;Current Assets&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td colspan="2" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td colspan="2" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td colspan="2" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td colspan="2" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td colspan="2" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 33%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; padding-left: 10pt; text-indent: -10pt"&gt;Cash&#13;    and cash equivalents&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 9%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"&gt;40,044&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 9%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"&gt;636,666&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 9%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"&gt;186,644&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 9%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"&gt;-&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 6%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 9%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"&gt;863,354&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; padding-left: 10pt; text-indent: -10pt"&gt;Restricted&#13;    cash and cash equivalents&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"&gt;16,093&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"&gt;-&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"&gt;-&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"&gt;-&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"&gt;16,093&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; padding-left: 10pt; text-indent: -10pt"&gt;Accounts&#13;    receivable, net&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"&gt;-&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"&gt;43,204&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"&gt;-&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"&gt;-&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"&gt;43,204&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; padding-left: 10pt; text-indent: -10pt"&gt;Accounts&#13;    receivable - related parties, net&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"&gt;-&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"&gt;147,848&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"&gt;-&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"&gt;-&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"&gt;147,848&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; padding-left: 10pt; text-indent: -10pt"&gt;Other receivable&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"&gt;-&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"&gt;-&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"&gt;39,005&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"&gt;-&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"&gt;39,005&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; padding-left: 10pt; text-indent: -10pt"&gt;Due from&#13;    related parties&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"&gt;40,000&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"&gt;-&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"&gt;79,287&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"&gt;(59,810&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center"&gt;{f}&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"&gt;59,477&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-left: 10pt; text-indent: -10pt"&gt;Inventory&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"&gt;-&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"&gt;-&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"&gt;1,318&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"&gt;-&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"&gt;1,318&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; padding-left: 10pt; text-indent: -10pt"&gt;Prepaid&#13;    expense and other current assets&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"&gt;136&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"&gt;-&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"&gt;223,759&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"&gt;-&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"&gt;223,895&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; padding-left: 0.375in; text-indent: -10pt"&gt;Total&#13;    Current Assets&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"&gt;96,273&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"&gt;827,718&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"&gt;530,013&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"&gt;(59,810&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"&gt;1,394,194&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; padding-left: 10pt; text-indent: -10pt"&gt;Property&#13;    and equipment, net&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"&gt;-&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"&gt;58,150&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"&gt;510,066&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"&gt;568,216&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; padding-left: 10pt; text-indent: -10pt"&gt;Goodwill,&#13;    net&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"&gt;-&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"&gt;-&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"&gt;-&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"&gt;43,531,445&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center"&gt;{e}&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"&gt;43,531,445&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; padding-left: 10pt; text-indent: -10pt"&gt;Long-term&#13;    investments&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"&gt;-&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"&gt;-&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"&gt;3,488,169&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"&gt;3,448,169&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; padding-left: 10pt; text-indent: -10pt"&gt;Deferred&#13;    tax assets&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"&gt;-&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"&gt;-&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"&gt;1,347,995&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"&gt;1,347,995&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; padding-left: 10pt; text-indent: -10pt"&gt;Security&#13;    Deposits&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"&gt;-&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"&gt;10,440&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"&gt;27,418&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"&gt;37,858&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; padding-bottom: 4pt; padding-left: 10pt; text-indent: -10pt"&gt;Total&#13;    Assets&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 4pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"&gt;96,273&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 4pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 4pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"&gt;896,308&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 4pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 4pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"&gt;5,903,661&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 4pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 4pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"&gt;43,471,635&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 4pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 4pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; padding-bottom: 4pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 4pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"&gt;50,367,877&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 4pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; padding-left: 10pt; text-indent: -10pt"&gt;LIABILITIES&#13;    AND EQUITY&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; padding-left: 10pt; text-indent: -10pt"&gt;Current&#13;    Liabilities&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; padding-left: 0.25in; text-indent: -10pt"&gt;Short-term&#13;    bank loan&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"&gt;-&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"&gt;-&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"&gt;899,250&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"&gt;-&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"&gt;899,250&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; padding-left: 0.25in; text-indent: -10pt"&gt;Long-term&#13;    bank loan - current portion&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"&gt;-&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"&gt;-&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"&gt;39,835&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"&gt;-&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"&gt;39,835&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; padding-left: 0.25in; text-indent: -10pt"&gt;Notes payable&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"&gt;-&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"&gt;-&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"&gt;510,447&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"&gt;-&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"&gt;510,447&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; padding-left: 0.25in; text-indent: -10pt"&gt;Accrued&#13;    expenses and other current liabilities&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"&gt;555,449&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"&gt;83,026&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"&gt;687,709&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"&gt;-&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"&gt;1,326,184&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; padding-left: 0.25in; text-indent: -10pt"&gt;Due to related&#13;    parties&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"&gt;4,462,775&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"&gt;-&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"&gt;3,341,005&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"&gt;(58,684&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center"&gt;{f}&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"&gt;7,745,096&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; padding-left: 0.25in; text-indent: -10pt"&gt;Convertible&#13;    notes payable, current portion&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"&gt;300,000&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"&gt;-&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"&gt;-&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"&gt;300,000&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; padding-left: 0.25in; text-indent: -10pt"&gt;Convertible&#13;    notes payable - related parties, current portion&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"&gt;250,000&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"&gt;-&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"&gt;-&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"&gt;250,000&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; padding-left: 0.375in; text-indent: -10pt"&gt;Total&#13;    Current Liabilities&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"&gt;5,568,224&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"&gt;83,026&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"&gt;5,478,246&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"&gt;(58,684&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"&gt;11,070,812&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; padding-left: 10pt; text-indent: -10pt"&gt;Long-term&#13;    bank loan&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"&gt;-&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"&gt;-&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"&gt;15,257&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"&gt;-&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"&gt;15,257&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; padding-left: 10pt; text-indent: -10pt"&gt;Tenant security&#13;    deposit&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"&gt;-&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"&gt;2,880&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"&gt;-&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"&gt;-&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"&gt;2,880&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; padding-left: 10pt; text-indent: -10pt"&gt;Convertible&#13;    notes payable&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"&gt;-&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"&gt;-&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"&gt;-&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"&gt;-&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"&gt;-&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; padding-left: 10pt; text-indent: -10pt"&gt;Convertible&#13;    notes payable - related parties&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"&gt;250,000&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"&gt;-&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"&gt;-&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"&gt;-&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"&gt;250,000&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; padding-left: 10pt; text-indent: -10pt"&gt;Accrued&#13;    interest&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"&gt;27,467&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"&gt;-&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"&gt;-&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"&gt;-&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"&gt;27,467&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-left: 10pt; text-indent: -10pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; padding-left: 0.5in; text-indent: -10pt"&gt;Total&#13;    Liabilities&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"&gt;5,845,691&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"&gt;85,906&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"&gt;5,493,503&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"&gt;(58,684&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"&gt;11,366,416&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-left: 10pt; text-indent: -10pt"&gt;Equity&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; padding-left: 10pt; text-indent: -10pt"&gt;Preferred&#13;    stock&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"&gt;-&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"&gt;18,633,097&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"&gt;-&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"&gt;(18,633,097&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center"&gt;{c}&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"&gt;-&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; padding-left: 10pt; text-indent: -10pt"&gt;Common stock&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"&gt;213,927&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"&gt;774,293&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"&gt;4,121&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"&gt;(4,121&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center"&gt;{a}&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"&gt;318,486&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-left: 10pt; text-indent: -10pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"&gt;74,998&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center"&gt;{a}&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-left: 10pt; text-indent: -10pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"&gt;(771,793&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center"&gt;{b}&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-left: 10pt; text-indent: -10pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"&gt;7,428&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center"&gt;{b}&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-left: 10pt; text-indent: -10pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"&gt;22,133&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center"&gt;{c}&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; padding-left: 10pt; text-indent: -10pt"&gt;Additional&#13;    paid-in capital&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"&gt;13,914,556&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"&gt;82,265&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"&gt;10,862,995&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"&gt;(70,877&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center"&gt;{a}&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"&gt;59,018,959&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-left: 10pt; text-indent: -10pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"&gt;(82,265&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center"&gt;{e}&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-left: 10pt; text-indent: -10pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"&gt;44,312,285&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center"&gt;{e}&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-left: 10pt; text-indent: -10pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"&gt;(10,000,000&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center"&gt;{g}&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; padding-left: 10pt; text-indent: -10pt"&gt;Stock subscription&#13;    receivable&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"&gt;-&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"&gt;(1,667&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"&gt;-&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"&gt;1,667&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center"&gt;{e}&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"&gt;-&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; padding-left: 10pt; text-indent: -10pt"&gt;Accumulated&#13;    deficit&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"&gt;(19,877,901&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"&gt;(18,677,586&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"&gt;(11,445,109&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"&gt;18,677,586&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center"&gt;{e}&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"&gt;(12,209,446&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-left: 10pt; text-indent: -10pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"&gt;6,817,848&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center"&gt;{g}&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-left: 10pt; text-indent: -10pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"&gt;2,295,716&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center"&gt;{h}&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-left: 10pt; text-indent: -10pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"&gt;10,000,000&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center"&gt;{g}&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; padding-left: 10pt; text-indent: -10pt"&gt;Other comprehensive&#13;    income&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"&gt;-&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"&gt;-&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"&gt;670,541&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"&gt;(14,689&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center"&gt;{g,h}&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"&gt;655,852&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; padding-left: 10pt; text-indent: -10pt"&gt;Treasury&#13;    stock&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"&gt;-&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"&gt;-&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"&gt;-&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"&gt;(6,750,000&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center"&gt;{g}&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"&gt;(9,100,000&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; padding-left: 10pt; text-indent: -10pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"&gt;(2,350,000&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;{h}&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; padding-left: 0.375in; text-indent: -10pt"&gt;Total&#13;    Stockholders' deficit&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"&gt;(5,749,418&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"&gt;810,402&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"&gt;92,548&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"&gt;43,530,319&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"&gt;38,683,851&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; padding-left: 10pt; text-indent: -10pt"&gt;Noncontrolling&#13;    interest&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"&gt;-&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"&gt;-&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"&gt;317,610&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"&gt;-&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"&gt;317,610&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; padding-left: 0.5in; text-indent: -10pt"&gt;Total&#13;    Equity&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"&gt;(5,749,418&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"&gt;810,402&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"&gt;410,158&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"&gt;43,530,319&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"&gt;39,001,461&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; padding-bottom: 4pt; padding-left: 10pt; text-indent: -10pt"&gt;Total&#13;    Liabilities and Equity&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 4pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"&gt;96,273&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 4pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 4pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"&gt;896,308&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 4pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 4pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"&gt;5,903,661&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 4pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 4pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"&gt;43,471,635&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 4pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 4pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; padding-bottom: 4pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 4pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"&gt;50,367,877&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 4pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;/table&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: center; background-color: white"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;</abvcd:ScheduleOfCondensedBalanceSheetsTableTextBlock>
    <abvcd:ScheduleOfCondensedIncomeStatementsTableTextBlock contextRef="From2018-01-01to2018-12-31">&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center; background-color: white"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td colspan="2"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td colspan="2"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td colspan="2"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td colspan="2" style="font-weight: bold; text-align: center"&gt;Pro Forma&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td colspan="2"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td colspan="2" style="font-weight: bold; text-align: center"&gt;Pro Forma&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td colspan="2" style="font-weight: bold; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid"&gt;ABVC&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td colspan="2" style="font-weight: bold; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid"&gt;BioKey&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td colspan="2" style="font-weight: bold; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid"&gt;BioLite&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td colspan="2" style="font-weight: bold; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid"&gt;Adjustment&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td colspan="2" style="font-weight: bold; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid"&gt;Note&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td colspan="2" style="font-weight: bold; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid"&gt;Combined&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td colspan="2"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td colspan="2"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td colspan="2"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td colspan="2"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td colspan="2"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td colspan="2"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 34%; font-weight: bold"&gt;Revenues&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 8%; text-align: right"&gt;-&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 8%; text-align: right"&gt;510,197&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 8%; text-align: right"&gt;6,956&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 8%; text-align: right"&gt;&amp;#160;&amp;#160;&amp;#160;&amp;#160;&amp;#160;&amp;#160;&amp;#160;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 8%; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 8%; text-align: right"&gt;517,153&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;Cost of revenues&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;-&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;4,809&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;185,280&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: right"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: right"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;190,089&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;Gross profit&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;-&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;505,388&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;(178,324&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;327,064&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;Operating expenses&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left; padding-left: 10pt"&gt;Selling, general and administrative expenses&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;695,148&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;669,322&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;893,570&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;2,258,040&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left; padding-left: 9pt"&gt;Research and development expenses&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;669,668&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;430,917&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;319,053&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;1,419,638&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; padding-left: 9pt"&gt;Stock based compensation&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;28,800&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;-&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;-&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: right"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: right"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;28,800&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; padding-left: 0.25in"&gt;Total operating expenses&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;1,393,616&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;1,100,239&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;1,212,623&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: right"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: right"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;3,706,478&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;Loss from operations&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;(1,393,616&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;(594,851&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;(1,390,947&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: right"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: right"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;(3,379,414&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;Other income (expense)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left; padding-left: 9pt"&gt;Interest income&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;93&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;4,598&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;5,119&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;9,810&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left; padding-left: 9pt"&gt;Interest expense&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;(155,930&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;-&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;(306,821&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;(462,751&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left; padding-left: 9pt"&gt;Rental income&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;-&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;-&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;11,924&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;11,924&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left; padding-left: 9pt"&gt;Impairment loss&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;-&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;-&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;(63,663&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;(63,663&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left; padding-left: 9pt"&gt;Investment loss&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;(549&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;-&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;(395,476&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;(396,025&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left; padding-left: 9pt"&gt;Gain/Loss on foreign exchange&amp;#160;changes&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;-&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;-&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;7,307&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;7,307&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left; padding-left: 9pt"&gt;Gain/Loss on investment in equity securities&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;(2,549,451&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;-&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;(192,463&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;(2,741,914&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; padding-left: 9pt"&gt;Other income (expense)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;-&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;630&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;(5,154&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: right"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;(4,524&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; padding-left: 0.25in"&gt;Total other income (expenses)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;(2,705,837&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;5,228&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;(939,227&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: right"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;(3,639,836&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;Loss before provision for income tax&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;(4,099,453&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;(589,623&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;(2,330,174&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;(7,019,250&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;Provision for income tax (benefit)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;1,850&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;800&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;(366,947&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: right"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;(364,297&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;Net loss&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;(4,101,303&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;(590,423&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;(1,963,227&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;(6,654,953&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;Net loss attributable to noncontrolling interests&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;-&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;-&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;489,151&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;489,151&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;Net loss attributable to ABVC and subsidiaries&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;(4,101,303&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;(590,423&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;(1,474,067&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;(7,144,104&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;Foreign currency translation adjustment&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;-&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;-&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;86,786&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: right"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;86,786&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left; padding-bottom: 4pt"&gt;Comprehensive Income (Loss)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 4pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; text-align: right"&gt;(4,101,303&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 4pt; text-align: left"&gt;)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 4pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; text-align: right"&gt;(590,423&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 4pt; text-align: left"&gt;)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 4pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; text-align: right"&gt;(1,560,862&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 4pt; text-align: left"&gt;)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 4pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; text-align: right"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 4pt; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 4pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="padding-bottom: 4pt; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 4pt; text-align: right"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 4pt; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 4pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; text-align: right"&gt;(7,230,890&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 4pt; text-align: left"&gt;)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;Net loss per share attributable to common stockholders&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left; padding-bottom: 4pt; padding-left: 9pt"&gt;Basic and diluted&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 4pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; text-align: right"&gt;(0.02&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 4pt; text-align: left"&gt;)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 4pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="padding-bottom: 4pt; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 4pt; text-align: right"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 4pt; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 4pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="padding-bottom: 4pt; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 4pt; text-align: right"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 4pt; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 4pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="padding-bottom: 4pt; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 4pt; text-align: right"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 4pt; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 4pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="padding-bottom: 4pt; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 4pt; text-align: right"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 4pt; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 4pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; text-align: right"&gt;(0.03&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 4pt; text-align: left"&gt;)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td&gt;Weighted average number of common shares outstanding&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left; padding-bottom: 4pt; padding-left: 9pt"&gt;Basic and diluted&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 4pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; text-align: right"&gt;213,884,105&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 4pt; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 4pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="padding-bottom: 4pt; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 4pt; text-align: right"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 4pt; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 4pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="padding-bottom: 4pt; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 4pt; text-align: right"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 4pt; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 4pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="padding-bottom: 4pt; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 4pt; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 4pt; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 4pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="padding-bottom: 4pt; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 4pt; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 4pt; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 4pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; text-align: right"&gt;214,156,988&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 4pt; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;/table&gt;</abvcd:ScheduleOfCondensedIncomeStatementsTableTextBlock>
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    <abvcd:ProFormaFinancialStatementsTextBlock contextRef="From2018-01-01to2018-12-31">&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;b&gt;13. PRO FORMA FINANCIAL STATEMENTS&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"&gt;On January 31, 2018, American BriVision&#13;(Holding) Corporation (&amp;#8220;ABVC&amp;#8221;, the &amp;#8220;Company&amp;#8221;) entered into an agreement and plan of merger (the &amp;#8220;Merger&#13;Agreement&amp;#8221;) with BioLite Holding, Inc. (&amp;#8220;BioLite&amp;#8221;), a Nevada corporation, BioKey, Inc. (&amp;#8220;BioKey&amp;#8221;),&#13;a California corporation, BioLite Acquisition Corp. (&amp;#8220;Merger Sub 1&amp;#8221;), a Nevada corporation and wholly-owned subsidiary&#13;of the Company, and BioKey Acquisition Corp. (&amp;#8220;Merger Sub 2&amp;#8221;), a California corporation and wholly-owned subsidiary&#13;of the Company.&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"&gt;Pursuant to the Merger Agreement, on or&#13;before the Closing of the Merger, each issued and outstanding share of BioLite shall be converted into the right to receive one&#13;point eighty-two (1.82) validly issued, fully-paid and non-assessable shares of the Company and all shares of BioLite shall be&#13;cancelled and cease to exist. Also on or before the Closing of the Merger, each issued and outstanding share of BioKey shall be&#13;converted into the right to receive one (1) validly issued, fully-paid and non-assessable share of the Company and all shares of&#13;BioKey shall be cancelled and cease to exist. Simultaneously upon Closing, BioLite and Merger Sub 1 shall merge together with Merger&#13;Sub 1&amp;#8217;s articles of incorporation and bylaws as the surviving corporation&amp;#8217;s (the &amp;#8220;BioLite Surviving Corporation&amp;#8221;)&#13;articles of incorporation and bylaws and all shares of Merger Sub 1 shall be converted into one share of Common Stock of the BioLite&#13;Surviving Corporation, which shall remain a wholly-owned subsidiary of the Company. In addition, upon Closing, BioKey and Merger&#13;Sub 2 shall merge together with Merger Sub 2&amp;#8217;s articles of incorporation and bylaws as the surviving corporation&amp;#8217;s&#13;(the &amp;#8220;BioKey Surviving Corporation&amp;#8217;s&amp;#8221;) articles of incorporation and bylaws and all shares of Merger Sub 2 shall&#13;be converted into one share of Common Stock of the BioKey Surviving Corporation, which shall remain a wholly-owned subsidiary of&#13;the Company.&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"&gt;The following unaudited pro forma condensed&#13;consolidated combined financial statements reflect the combination of the historical consolidated results of ABVC and its subsidiaries,&#13;BioLite, and BioKey on a pro forma basis to give effect to the Merger Agreement.&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"&gt;The unaudited&#13;pro forma condensed consolidated combined balance sheet of the combined company is based on (i)&amp;#160;the audited historical consolidated&#13;balance sheet of ABVC as of December&amp;#160;31, 2018, (ii)&amp;#160;the audited historical balance sheet of BioLite as of December&amp;#160;31,&#13;2018, and the (iii) the audited historical balance sheet of BioKey as of December 31, 2018, and includes pro forma adjustments&#13;as of the Merger had occurred on December&amp;#160;31, 2018.&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"&gt;The unaudited&#13;pro forma condensed consolidated combined statement of operations of the combined company are based on&amp;#160;the following details,&#13;and includes pro forma adjustments as of the Merger had occurred on January 1, 2018.&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in; background-color: white"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0; width: 100%"&gt;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: top; text-align: justify"&gt;&#13;&lt;td style="width: 0.25in"&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 0.25in; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;(i)&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;the&#13;unaudited historical consolidated statement of operations of ABVC for the year ended December 31, 2018.&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;/table&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0; width: 100%"&gt;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: top; text-align: justify"&gt;&#13;&lt;td style="width: 0.25in"&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 0.25in; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;(ii)&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;the&#13;audited historical statement of operations of BioLite for the year ended December 31, 2018.&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;/table&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0; width: 100%"&gt;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: top; text-align: justify"&gt;&#13;&lt;td style="width: 0.25in"&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 0.25in; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;(iii)&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;the&#13;audited historical statement of operations of BioKey for the year ended December 31, 2018.&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;/table&gt;&#13;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; text-align: justify; margin-bottom: 0pt; background-color: white"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"&gt;The unaudited&#13;pro forma data presented herein reflects events that are directly attributable to the described transactions, factually supportable,&#13;and as it relates to the unaudited pro forma condensed consolidated combined statement of operations, expected to have a continuing&#13;impact. The unaudited pro forma data presented herein also reflects certain assumptions which management believes are reasonable.&#13;Such pro forma data is not necessarily indicative of financial results that would have been attained had the described transactions&#13;occurred on the dates indicated above, or the results of the combined company that may be achieved in the future. The adjustments&#13;are based on currently available information and certain estimates and assumptions. Therefore, the actual results may differ from&#13;the pro forma results indicated herein. However, management believes that the assumptions provide a reasonable basis for presenting&#13;the significant effects of the transactions as contemplated and that the pro forma adjustments give appropriate effect to those&#13;assumptions and are properly applied in the unaudited pro forma condensed consolidated combined financial statements.&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"&gt;The unaudited&#13;pro forma condensed consolidated combined financial statements are provided for illustrative purposes only and are not intended&#13;to represent or be indicative of the consolidated results of operations or consolidated financial position of the combined company&#13;that would have been recorded had the Merger been completed as of the dates presented, and they should not be taken as representative&#13;of the expected future results of operations or financial position of the combined company. The unaudited pro forma condensed consolidated&#13;combined financial statements do not reflect the impacts of any potential operational efficiencies, asset dispositions, cost savings&#13;or economies of scale that the combined company may achieve with respect to the operations of the combined company. Additionally,&#13;the unaudited pro forma condensed consolidated combined statement of operations does not include&amp;#160;non-recurring&amp;#160;charges&#13;or credits, and the related tax effects, which result directly from the Merger.&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center; background-color: white"&gt;&lt;b&gt;UNAUDITED PRO&#13;FORMA CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED COMBINED BALANCE SHEET&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center; background-color: white"&gt;&lt;b&gt;AS OF DECEMBER&#13;31, 2018&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; background-color: white"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 8pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td colspan="2"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td colspan="2"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td colspan="2"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td colspan="2" style="font-weight: bold; text-align: center"&gt;Pro Forma&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: center"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td colspan="2" style="font-weight: bold; text-align: center"&gt;Pro Forma&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td colspan="2" style="font-weight: bold; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid"&gt;ABVC&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td colspan="2" style="font-weight: bold; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid"&gt;BioKey&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td colspan="2" style="font-weight: bold; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid"&gt;BioLite&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td colspan="2" style="font-weight: bold; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid"&gt;Adjustment&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid"&gt;Note&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td colspan="2" style="font-weight: bold; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid"&gt;Combined&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="font-weight: bold"&gt;ASSETS&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td colspan="2"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td colspan="2"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td colspan="2"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td colspan="2"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: center"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td colspan="2"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td&gt;Current Assets&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td colspan="2"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td colspan="2"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td colspan="2"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td colspan="2"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: center"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td colspan="2"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 30%; text-align: left"&gt;Cash and cash equivalents&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 9%; text-align: right"&gt;40,044&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 9%; text-align: right"&gt;636,666&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 9%; text-align: right"&gt;186,644&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 9%; text-align: right"&gt;-&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 9%; text-align: center"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 9%; text-align: right"&gt;863,354&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;Restricted cash and cash equivalents&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;16,093&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;-&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;-&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;-&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: center"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;16,093&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;Accounts receivable, net&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;-&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;43,204&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;-&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;-&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: center"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;43,204&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;Accounts receivable - related parties, net&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;-&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;147,848&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;-&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;-&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: center"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;147,848&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;Other receivable&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;-&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;-&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;39,005&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;-&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: center"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;39,005&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;Due from related parties&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;40,000&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;-&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;79,287&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;(59,810&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: center"&gt;{f}&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;59,477&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td&gt;Inventory&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;-&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;-&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;1,318&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;-&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: center"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;1,318&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;Prepaid expense and other current assets&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;136&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;-&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;223,759&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;-&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: center"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;223,895&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; padding-left: 20pt"&gt;Total Current Assets&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;96,273&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;827,718&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;530,013&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;(59,810&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: center"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;1,394,194&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 8pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 8pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 8pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 8pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 8pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 8pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 8pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 8pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 8pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 8pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 8pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 8pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 8pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 8pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 8pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 8pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 8pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 8pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: center"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 8pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 8pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 8pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 8pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 8pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;Property and equipment, net&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;-&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;58,150&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;510,066&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: center"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;568,216&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;Goodwill, net&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;-&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;-&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;-&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;43,531,445&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: center"&gt;{e}&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;43,531,445&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;Long-term investments&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;-&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;-&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;3,488,169&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: center"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;3,448,169&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;Deferred tax assets&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;-&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;-&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;1,347,995&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: center"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;1,347,995&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;Security Deposits&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;-&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;10,440&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;27,418&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: center"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;37,858&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left; padding-bottom: 4pt"&gt;Total Assets&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 4pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; text-align: right"&gt;96,273&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 4pt; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 4pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; text-align: right"&gt;896,308&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 4pt; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 4pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; text-align: right"&gt;5,903,661&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 4pt; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 4pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; text-align: right"&gt;43,471,635&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 4pt; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 4pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="padding-bottom: 4pt; text-align: center"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 4pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; text-align: right"&gt;50,367,877&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 4pt; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 8pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 8pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 8pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 8pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 8pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 8pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 8pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 8pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 8pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 8pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 8pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 8pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 8pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 8pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 8pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 8pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 8pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 8pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: center"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 8pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 8pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 8pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 8pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 8pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;LIABILITIES AND EQUITY&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: center"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;Current Liabilities&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: center"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left; padding-left: 10pt"&gt;Short-term bank loan&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;-&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;-&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;899,250&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;-&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: center"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;899,250&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left; padding-left: 10pt"&gt;Long-term bank loan - current portion&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;-&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;-&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;39,835&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;-&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: center"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;39,835&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left; padding-left: 10pt"&gt;Notes payable&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;-&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;-&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;510,447&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;-&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: center"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;510,447&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left; padding-left: 10pt"&gt;Accrued expenses and other current liabilities&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;555,449&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;83,026&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;687,709&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;-&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: center"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;1,326,184&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left; padding-left: 10pt"&gt;Due to related parties&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;4,462,775&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;-&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;3,341,005&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;(58,684&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: center"&gt;{f}&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;7,745,096&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left; padding-left: 10pt"&gt;Convertible notes payable&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;300,000&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;-&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;-&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: center"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;300,000&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; padding-left: 10pt"&gt;Convertible notes payable - related parties&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;250,000&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;-&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;-&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: center; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;250,000&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; padding-left: 20pt"&gt;Total Current Liabilities&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;5,568,224&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;83,026&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;5,478,246&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;(58,684&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: center"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;11,070,812&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 8pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 8pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 8pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 8pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 8pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 8pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 8pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 8pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 8pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 8pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 8pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 8pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 8pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 8pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 8pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 8pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 8pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 8pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: center"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 8pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 8pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 8pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 8pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 8pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;Long-term bank loan&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;-&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;-&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;15,257&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;-&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: center"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;15,257&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;Tenant security deposit&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;-&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;2,880&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;-&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;-&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: center"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;2,880&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;Convertible notes payable&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;-&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;-&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;-&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;-&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: center"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;-&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;Convertible notes payable - related parties&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;250,000&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;-&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;-&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;-&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: center"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;250,000&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;Accrued interest&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid"&gt;27,467&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid"&gt;-&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid"&gt;-&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid"&gt;-&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: center; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid"&gt;27,467&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 8pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 8pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 8pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 8pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 8pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 8pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 8pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 8pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 8pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 8pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 8pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 8pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 8pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 8pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 8pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 8pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 8pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 8pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: center"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 8pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 8pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 8pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 8pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 8pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; padding-left: 30pt"&gt;Total Liabilities&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;5,845,691&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;85,906&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;5,493,503&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;(58,684&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: center"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;11,366,416&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 8pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 8pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 8pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 8pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 8pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 8pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 8pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 8pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 8pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 8pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 8pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 8pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 8pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 8pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 8pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 8pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 8pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 8pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: center"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 8pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 8pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 8pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 8pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 8pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td&gt;Equity&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: center"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;Preferred stock&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;-&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;18,633,097&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;-&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;(18,633,097&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: center"&gt;{c}&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;-&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;Common stock&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;213,927&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;774,293&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;4,121&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;(4,121&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: center"&gt;{a}&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;318,486&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;74,998&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: center"&gt;{a}&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;(771,793&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: center"&gt;{b}&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;7,428&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: center"&gt;{b}&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;22,133&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: center"&gt;{c}&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;Additional paid-in capital&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;13,914,556&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;82,265&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;10,862,995&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;(70,877&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: center"&gt;{a}&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;59,018,959&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;(82,265&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: center"&gt;{e}&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;44,312,285&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: center"&gt;{e}&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;(10,000,000&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: center"&gt;{g}&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td&gt;Stock subscription receivable&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;-&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;p style="margin: 0pt 0"&gt;(1,667&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&#13;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;-&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;p style="margin: 0pt 0"&gt;1,667&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&#13;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: center"&gt;{e}&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;-&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;Accumulated deficit&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;(19,877,901&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;(18,677,586&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;(11,445,109&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;18,677,586&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: center"&gt;{e}&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;(12,209,446&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;6,817,848&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: center"&gt;{g}&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;2,295,716&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: center"&gt;{h}&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;10,000,000&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: center"&gt;{g}&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;Other comprehensive income&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;-&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;-&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;670,541&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;(14,689&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: center"&gt;{g,h}&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;655,852&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;Treasury stock&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;-&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;-&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;-&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;(6,750,000&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: center"&gt;{g}&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;(9,100,000&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;(2,350,000&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: center; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;{h}&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; padding-left: 20pt"&gt;Total Stockholders&amp;#8217; deficit&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;(5,749,418&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;810,402&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;92,548&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;43,530,319&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: center"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;38,683,851&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;Noncontrolling interest&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;-&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;-&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;317,610&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;-&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: center"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;317,610&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; padding-left: 30pt"&gt;Total Equity&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;(5,749,418&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;810,402&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;410,158&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;43,530,319&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: center"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;39,001,461&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 8pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 8pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 8pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 8pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 8pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 8pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 8pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 8pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 8pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 8pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 8pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 8pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 8pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 8pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 8pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 8pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 8pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 8pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: center"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 8pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 8pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 8pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 8pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 8pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left; padding-bottom: 4pt"&gt;Total Liabilities and Equity&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 4pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; text-align: right"&gt;96,273&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 4pt; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 4pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; text-align: right"&gt;896,308&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 4pt; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 4pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; text-align: right"&gt;5,903,661&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 4pt; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 4pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; text-align: right"&gt;43,471,635&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 4pt; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 4pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="padding-bottom: 4pt; text-align: center"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 4pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; text-align: right"&gt;50,367,877&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 4pt; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;/table&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center; background-color: white"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center; background-color: white"&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center; background-color: white"&gt;&lt;b&gt;UNAUDITED PRO&#13;FORMA CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center; background-color: white"&gt;&lt;b&gt;FOR THE YEAR&#13;ENDED DECEMBER 31, 2018&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center; background-color: white"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td colspan="2"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td colspan="2"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td colspan="2"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td colspan="2" style="font-weight: bold; text-align: center"&gt;Pro Forma&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td colspan="2"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td colspan="2" style="font-weight: bold; text-align: center"&gt;Pro Forma&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td colspan="2" style="font-weight: bold; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid"&gt;ABVC&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td colspan="2" style="font-weight: bold; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid"&gt;BioKey&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td colspan="2" style="font-weight: bold; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid"&gt;BioLite&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td colspan="2" style="font-weight: bold; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid"&gt;Adjustment&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td colspan="2" style="font-weight: bold; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid"&gt;Note&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td colspan="2" style="font-weight: bold; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid"&gt;Combined&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td colspan="2"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td colspan="2"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td colspan="2"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td colspan="2"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td colspan="2"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td colspan="2"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 34%; font-weight: bold"&gt;Revenues&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 8%; text-align: right"&gt;-&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 8%; text-align: right"&gt;510,197&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 8%; text-align: right"&gt;6,956&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 8%; text-align: right"&gt;&amp;#160;&amp;#160;&amp;#160;&amp;#160;&amp;#160;&amp;#160;&amp;#160;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 8%; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 8%; text-align: right"&gt;517,153&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;Cost of revenues&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;-&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;4,809&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;185,280&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: right"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: right"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;190,089&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;Gross profit&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;-&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;505,388&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;(178,324&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;327,064&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;Operating expenses&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left; padding-left: 10pt"&gt;Selling, general and administrative expenses&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;695,148&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;669,322&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;893,570&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;2,258,040&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left; padding-left: 9pt"&gt;Research and development expenses&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;669,668&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;430,917&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;319,053&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;1,419,638&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; padding-left: 9pt"&gt;Stock based compensation&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;28,800&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;-&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;-&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: right"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: right"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;28,800&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; padding-left: 0.25in"&gt;Total operating expenses&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;1,393,616&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;1,100,239&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;1,212,623&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: right"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: right"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;3,706,478&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;Loss from operations&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;(1,393,616&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;(594,851&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;(1,390,947&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: right"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: right"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;(3,379,414&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;Other income (expense)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left; padding-left: 9pt"&gt;Interest income&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;93&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;4,598&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;5,119&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;9,810&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left; padding-left: 9pt"&gt;Interest expense&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;(155,930&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;-&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;(306,821&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;(462,751&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left; padding-left: 9pt"&gt;Rental income&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;-&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;-&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;11,924&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;11,924&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left; padding-left: 9pt"&gt;Impairment loss&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;-&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;-&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;(63,663&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;(63,663&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left; padding-left: 9pt"&gt;Investment loss&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;(549&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;-&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;(395,476&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;(396,025&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left; padding-left: 9pt"&gt;Gain/Loss on foreign exchange&amp;#160;changes&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;-&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;-&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;7,307&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;7,307&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left; padding-left: 9pt"&gt;Gain/Loss on investment in equity securities&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;(2,549,451&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;-&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;(192,463&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;(2,741,914&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; padding-left: 9pt"&gt;Other income (expense)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;-&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;630&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;(5,154&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: right"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;(4,524&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; padding-left: 0.25in"&gt;Total other income (expenses)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;(2,705,837&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;5,228&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;(939,227&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: right"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;(3,639,836&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;Loss before provision for income tax&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;(4,099,453&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;(589,623&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;(2,330,174&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;(7,019,250&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;Provision for income tax (benefit)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;1,850&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;800&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;(366,947&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: right"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;(364,297&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;Net loss&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;(4,101,303&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;(590,423&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;(1,963,227&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;(6,654,953&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;Net loss attributable to noncontrolling interests&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;-&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;-&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;489,151&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;489,151&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;Net loss attributable to ABVC and subsidiaries&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;(4,101,303&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;(590,423&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;(1,474,067&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;(7,144,104&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;Foreign currency translation adjustment&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;-&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;-&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;86,786&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: right"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;86,786&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left; padding-bottom: 4pt"&gt;Comprehensive Income (Loss)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 4pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; text-align: right"&gt;(4,101,303&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 4pt; text-align: left"&gt;)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 4pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; text-align: right"&gt;(590,423&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 4pt; text-align: left"&gt;)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 4pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; text-align: right"&gt;(1,560,862&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 4pt; text-align: left"&gt;)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 4pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; text-align: right"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 4pt; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 4pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="padding-bottom: 4pt; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 4pt; text-align: right"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 4pt; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 4pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; text-align: right"&gt;(7,230,890&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 4pt; text-align: left"&gt;)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;Net loss per share attributable to common stockholders&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left; padding-bottom: 4pt; padding-left: 9pt"&gt;Basic and diluted&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 4pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; text-align: right"&gt;(0.02&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 4pt; text-align: left"&gt;)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 4pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="padding-bottom: 4pt; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 4pt; text-align: right"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 4pt; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 4pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="padding-bottom: 4pt; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 4pt; text-align: right"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 4pt; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 4pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="padding-bottom: 4pt; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 4pt; text-align: right"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 4pt; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 4pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="padding-bottom: 4pt; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 4pt; text-align: right"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 4pt; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 4pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; text-align: right"&gt;(0.03&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 4pt; text-align: left"&gt;)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td&gt;Weighted average number of common shares outstanding&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left; padding-bottom: 4pt; padding-left: 9pt"&gt;Basic and diluted&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 4pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; text-align: right"&gt;213,884,105&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 4pt; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 4pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="padding-bottom: 4pt; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 4pt; text-align: right"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 4pt; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 4pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="padding-bottom: 4pt; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 4pt; text-align: right"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 4pt; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 4pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="padding-bottom: 4pt; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 4pt; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 4pt; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 4pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="padding-bottom: 4pt; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 4pt; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 4pt; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 4pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; text-align: right"&gt;214,156,988&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 4pt; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;/table&gt;&#13;&#13;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&amp;#160;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; background-color: white"&gt;&lt;font style="background-color: white"&gt;&lt;i&gt;Notes&#13;to the Unaudited Pro Forma Condensed Consolidated Combined Financial Statements&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; background-color: white"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; background-color: white"&gt;&lt;b&gt;1. Basis of Presentation&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 24.5pt; background-color: white"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"&gt;The unaudited&#13;pro forma condensed consolidated combined balance sheet as of December 31, 2018 is based on the audited consolidated balance sheet&#13;of ABVC, the audited consolidated balance sheet of BioLite, and the audited balance sheet of BioKey as if the Merger had occurred&#13;on December 31, 2018.&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in; background-color: white"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"&gt;The unaudited&#13;pro forma condensed consolidated combined statement of operations for the year ended December 31, 2018 is based on the audited&#13;consolidated statement of operations of ABVC for the year ended December 31, 2018, the audited consolidated statement of operations&#13;of BioLite for the year ended December 31, 2018, and the audited statement of operations of BioKey for the year ended December&#13;31, 2018, as if the Merger had occurred on January 1, 2018.&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 24.5pt; background-color: white"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"&gt;BioLite and the&#13;Company are related parties because the two companies are under common control by Dr. Tsung-Shann Jiang.&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 24.5pt; background-color: white"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; background-color: white"&gt;&lt;b&gt;2. Pro Forma Adjustments&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; background-color: white"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify; background-color: white"&gt;The&#13;following adjustments were made in the preparation of the audited pro forma condensed consolidated combined balance sheet and unaudited&#13;pro forma condensed consolidated combined statements of operations:&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in; background-color: white"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0; width: 100%"&gt;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: top; text-align: justify"&gt;&#13;&lt;td style="width: 0"&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 0.25in; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;{a}&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;Reconciliation&#13;of ABVC common stock to be issued to BioLite shareholders:&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;/table&gt;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 88%; text-align: justify; text-indent: -9pt; padding-left: 9pt"&gt;BioLite Outstanding shares as of December 31, 2018&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 9%; text-align: right"&gt;41,207,444&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left; text-indent: -9pt; padding-left: 9pt"&gt;Exchange of each BioLite share of common stock outstanding as of December 31, 2018, for 1.82 shares of ABVC common stock&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;1.82&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: justify; text-indent: -9pt; padding-left: 9pt"&gt;ABVC common stock to be issued to BioLite as a result of the Merger&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;74,997,548&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: justify; text-indent: -9pt; padding-left: 9pt"&gt;Par value $0.001 per share of ABVC&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;74,998&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;/table&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.25in; background-color: white"&gt;&amp;#160;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0; width: 100%"&gt;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: top; text-align: justify"&gt;&#13;&lt;td style="width: 0"&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 0.25in; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;{b}&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;ABVC&#13;common stock to be issued to BioKey shareholders in exchange of BioKey&amp;#8217;s common stock outstanding:&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;/table&gt;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 88%; text-align: justify; text-indent: -9pt; padding-left: 9pt"&gt;BioKey Outstanding shares as of December 31, 2018&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 9%; text-align: right"&gt;7,428,134&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;Exchange of each BioKey share of common stock outstanding as of December 31, 2018, for one share of ABVC common stock&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;1&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: justify; text-indent: -9pt; padding-left: 9pt"&gt;ABVC common stock to be issued to BioKey as a result of the Merger&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;7,428,134&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: justify; text-indent: -9pt; padding-left: 9pt"&gt;Par value $0.001 per share of ABVC&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;7,428&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;/table&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; background-color: white"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0; width: 100%"&gt;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: top; text-align: justify"&gt;&#13;&lt;td style="width: 0"&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 0.25in; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;{c}&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;ABVC&#13;common stock to be issued to BioKey shareholders in exchange of BioKey&amp;#8217;s preferred stock outstanding:&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;/table&gt;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: justify"&gt;BioKey Outstanding shares as of December 31, 2018&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td colspan="2" style="text-align: right"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 88%; text-align: justify; padding-left: 9pt"&gt;7,000,000 shares of Series A&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 9%; text-align: right"&gt;7,000,000&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: justify; padding-left: 9pt"&gt;1,160,000 shares of Series B&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;1,160,000&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: justify; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; padding-left: 9pt"&gt;13,973,097 shares of Series C&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;13,973,097&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: justify"&gt;BioKey&amp;#8217;s total shares of preferred stock outstanding as of December 31, 2018&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;22,133,097&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left; text-indent: -9pt; padding-left: 9pt"&gt;Exchange of each BioKey share of preferred stock outstanding as of December 31, 2018, for one share of ABVC common stock&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;1&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: justify"&gt;ABVC common stock to be issued to BioKey as a result of the Merger&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;22,133,097&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: justify"&gt;Par value $0.001 per share of ABVC&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;22,133&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;/table&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.25in; background-color: white"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0; width: 100%"&gt;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: top; text-align: justify"&gt;&#13;&lt;td style="width: 0"&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 0.25in; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;{d}&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;Common&#13;stock outstanding as of December 31, 2018 following the Merger:&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;/table&gt;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 88%; text-align: justify"&gt;ABVC common stock issued as of December 31, 2018&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 9%; text-align: right"&gt;213,926,475&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: justify"&gt;ABVC common stock held by BioLite pursuant to the BioLite Collaborative Agreement (see Note {g})&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;(3,487,500&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: justify"&gt;ABVC common stock held by BioLite for cash issuance (see Note {h})&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;(1,468,750&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: justify"&gt;ABVC common stock to be issued to BioLite as a result of the Merger&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;74,997,548&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: justify; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;ABVC common stock to be issued to BioKey as a result of the Merger&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;29,561,231&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: justify; padding-left: 9pt"&gt;Total common stock of the combined company outstanding following the Merger&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;313,529,004&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;/table&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.25in; background-color: white"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0; width: 100%"&gt;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: top; text-align: justify"&gt;&#13;&lt;td style="width: 0"&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 0.25in; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;{e}&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;Unless&#13;otherwise noted, adjustments to reflect the elimination of BioKey&amp;#8217;s total equity, the estimated value of consideration to&#13;be paid in the Merger and to adjust, where required, the historical book values of BioKey&amp;#8217;s assets and liabilities as of&#13;December 31, 2018 to the preliminary estimated fair value, in accordance with the acquisition method of accounting. The preliminary&#13;valuations were determined as of &amp;#160;and, where applicable, are based on the bid-and-ask share price of ABVC common stock on&#13;the final day of trading, February 5, 2019. The fair value of the consideration given and assets and liabilities acquired will&#13;be determined based on the underlying fair values as of the February 5, 2019.&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;/table&gt;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.25in; text-align: justify; background-color: white"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td&gt;Purchase consideration:&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td colspan="2"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 88%; text-align: left; padding-left: 9pt"&gt;Common stock (1)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 9%; text-align: right"&gt;44,341,847&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;Estimated Fair Value of Assets Acquired:&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left; padding-left: 9pt"&gt;Cash and cash equivalents&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;636,666&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left; padding-left: 9pt"&gt;Accounts receivable&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;43,204&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left; padding-left: 9pt"&gt;Accounts receivable - related parties&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;147,848&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left; padding-left: 9pt"&gt;Property and equipment&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;58,150&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; padding-left: 9pt"&gt;Security deposits&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;10,440&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; padding-left: 0.25in"&gt;Total assets acquired&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;896,308&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;Estimated Fair Value of Liabilities Assumed:&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left; padding-left: 9pt"&gt;Due to shareholders&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&amp;#160;&amp;#160;&amp;#160;&amp;#160;&amp;#160;&amp;#160;&amp;#160;&amp;#160;&amp;#160;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left; padding-left: 9pt"&gt;Accrued expenses and other current liabilities&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;83,026&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; padding-left: 9pt"&gt;Tenant security deposit&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;2,880&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; padding-left: 0.25in"&gt;Total liabilities assumed&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;85,906&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; padding-left: 0.25in"&gt;Total net assets acquired&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;810,402&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: left; padding-bottom: 4pt; padding-left: 0.25in"&gt;Goodwill as a result of the Merger&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 4pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13; 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Those shares were valued at $1.50 per share,&#13;the closing share price of ABVC on February 5, 2019.&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;/table&gt;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.25in; text-align: justify; background-color: white"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0; width: 100%"&gt;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: top; text-align: justify"&gt;&#13;&lt;td style="width: 0"&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 0.25in; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;{f}&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;As&#13;of December 31, 2018, BioLite had $59,810 due from ABVC; and ABVC had $58,684 due to BioLite. The difference was mainly due to&#13;the translation adjustment, which would be reflected in accumulated other comprehensive income in equity section.&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;/table&gt;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.25in; text-align: justify; background-color: white"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0; width: 100%"&gt;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: top; text-align: justify"&gt;&#13;&lt;td style="width: 0"&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 0.25in; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;{g}&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;u&gt;Collaborative&#13;agreement with BioLite Inc., a related party&lt;/u&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;/table&gt;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.25in; text-align: justify"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.25in; text-align: justify"&gt;On December 29, 2015, American&#13;BriVision Corporation (&amp;#8220;BriVision&amp;#8221;) entered into a collaborative agreement (the &amp;#8220;BioLite Collaborative Agreement&amp;#8221;)&#13;with BioLite, a related party, pursuant to which BioLite granted BriVision sole licensing rights for drug and therapeutic use of&#13;five products, including BLI-1005 CNS-Major Depressive Disorder, BLI-1008 CNS-Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder, BLI-1401-1&#13;Anti-Tumor Combination Therapy-Solid Tumor with Anti-PD-1, BLI-1401-2 Anti-Tumor Combination Therapy-Triple Negative Breast Cancer,&#13;and BLI-1501 Hematology-Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia, in the U.S.A and Canada. Under the BioLite Collaborative Agreement, BriVision&#13;should pay a total of $100,000,000 in cash or stock of BriVision with equivalent value, according to the following schedule:&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.25in; text-align: justify"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0; width: 100%"&gt;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: top; text-align: justify"&gt;&#13;&lt;td style="width: 0.25in"&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 0.25in; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#9679;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;upfront&#13;payment shall upon the signing of this BioLite Collaborative Agreement: 3.5% of total payment. After receiving upfront payment&#13;from BriVision, BioLite has to deliver all data to BriVision in one week.&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;/table&gt;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0; width: 100%"&gt;&#13;&lt;tr&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 0.25in; text-align: justify"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="vertical-align: top; width: 0.25in; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#9679;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;upon the first IND submission, BriVision shall pay, but no later than December 15, 2016: 6.5% of total payment. After receiving second payment from BriVision, BioLite has to deliver IND package to BriVision in one week.&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: justify"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="vertical-align: top; text-align: justify"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: justify"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: justify"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="vertical-align: top; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#9679;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;at the completion of first phase II clinical trial, BriVision shall pay, but no later than September 15, 2017: 15% of total payment. After receiving third payment from BriVision, BioLite has to deliver phase II clinical study report to BriVision in three months.&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: justify"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="vertical-align: top; text-align: justify"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: justify"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: justify"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="vertical-align: top; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#9679;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;upon the phase III IND submission, BriVision shall pay, but no later than December 15, 2018: 20% of total payment. After receiving forth payment from BriVision, BioLite has to deliver IND package to BriVision in one week.&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: justify"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="vertical-align: top; text-align: justify"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: justify"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: justify"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="vertical-align: top; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#9679;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;at the completion of phase III, BriVision shall pay, but no later than September 15, 2019:25% of total payment. After receiving fifth payment from BriVision, BioLite has to deliver phase III clinical study report to BriVision in three months.&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: justify"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="vertical-align: top; text-align: justify"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: justify"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: justify"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="vertical-align: top; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#9679;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;upon the NDA submission, BriVision shall pay, but no later than December 15, 2020, BriVision shall pay: 30% of total payment. After receiving sixth payment from BriVision, BioLite has to deliver NDA package to BriVision in one week.&amp;#160;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;/table&gt;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.25in; text-align: justify"&gt;This BioLite Collaborative Agreement&#13;shall, once signed by both Parties, remain in effect for fifteen years as of the first commercial sales of the Product in the Territory&#13;and automatically renew for five more years unless either party gives the other party six month written notice of termination prior&#13;to the expiration date of the term.&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.25in; text-align: justify"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.25in; text-align: justify"&gt;Pursuant to the BioLite Collaborative&#13;Agreement, an upfront payment of $3,500,000 (the &amp;#8220;Milestone Payment&amp;#8221;), which is 3.5% of total payments due under the&#13;BioLite Collaborative Agreement, was to be paid by BriVision upon signing of that agreement. On May 6, 2016, BriVision and BioLite&#13;agreed to amend the BioLite Collaborative Agreement, through entry into the Milestone Payment Agreement, whereby BriVision agreed&#13;to pay the Milestone Payment to BioLite with $2,600,000 in cash and $900,000 in the form of newly issued shares of its common stock,&#13;at the price of $1.60 per share, for an aggregate number of 562,500 shares. The cash payment and shares issuance were completed&#13;in June 2016.&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.25in; text-align: justify"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.25in; text-align: justify"&gt;Pursuant to the BioLite Collaborative&#13;Agreement, the 6.5% of total payment, $6,500,000 shall be made upon the first IND submission which was submitted in March 2016.&#13;On February 2017, BriVision agreed to pay this amount to BioLite with $650,000 in cash and $5,850,000 in the form of newly issued&#13;shares of its common stock, at the price of $2.0 per share, for an aggregate number of 2,925,000 shares. The cash payment and shares&#13;issuance were completed in February 2017.&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.25in; text-align: justify"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.25in; text-align: justify"&gt;Pursuant to the BioLite Collaborative&#13;Agreement, the 15% of total payment, $15,000,000 shall be made at the completion of first phase II clinical trial. As of December&#13;31, 2018 and, 2017, the first phase II clinical trial research has not completed yet.&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.25in; text-align: justify"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.25in; text-align: justify"&gt;The aggregate common stock shares&#13;of American BriVision Corporation issued to BioLite pursuant to the BioLite Collaborative Agreement was 3,487,500 shares, the value&#13;of which was $6,750,000. The unaudited pro forma adjustments were made as if the Merger occurred on December 31, 2018. As such,&#13;these common stock shares of ABVC held by BioLite shall not be treated as outstanding shares, and shall be reflected as treasury&#13;shares. The corresponding long-term investment of BioLite has been written off in full amount, included in the accumulated deficit&#13;as of December 31, 2018. Such amount has been eliminated in the pro forma condensed balance sheet. Investment loss recognized as&#13;a result of the write-off amounted to $4,313,725 for the year ended December 31, 2018. Such amount has been eliminated in the pro&#13;forma condensed statement of operations.&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.25in; text-align: justify"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.25in; text-align: justify"&gt;American BriVision Corporation&#13;determined to fully expense the entire amount of $10,000,000 according to ASC 730-10-25-1. The entire amount is fully expensed&#13;as research and development expense during the year ended December 31, 2016, included in the accumulated deficit of ABVC as of&#13;December 31, 2018. The aggregate amount of $10,000,000 was recorded and remained as additional paid-in capital on BioLite as of&#13;December 31, 2018. Such amount has been eliminated in the pro forma condensed balance sheet.&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.25in; text-align: justify"&gt;&amp;#160;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0; width: 100%"&gt;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: top; text-align: justify"&gt;&#13;&lt;td style="width: 0"&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 0.25in; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;{h}&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;On&#13;August 26, 2016, ABVC issued 1,468,750 shares of common stock, par value $0.001 to BioLite pursuant to a certain Stock Purchase&#13;Agreement dated August 26, 2016. The purchase price per share of the Offering is $1.60. The net proceeds to the Company from the&#13;Offering are approximately $2,350,000.&amp;#160;&amp;#160;The unaudited pro forma adjustments were made as if the Merger occurred on December&#13;31, 2018. As such, these common stock shares of ABVC held by BioLite shall be treated be treated as outstanding shares, and shall&#13;be reflected as treasury shares. The corresponding long-term investment of BioLite has been written off in full amount, included&#13;in the accumulated deficit as of December 31, 2018. Such amount has been eliminated in the pro forma condensed balance sheet.&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;/table&gt;</abvcd:ProFormaFinancialStatementsTextBlock>
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      <link:footnote xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/footnote" xlink:label="Footnote-01" xml:lang="en-US">29,561,231 shares of ABVC common stock issued to BioKey in connection with the Merger. Those shares were valued at $1.50 per share, based on the bid-and-ask share price of ABVC Common Stock on the final day of trading, February 8, 2019.</link:footnote>
      <link:footnote xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/footnote" xlink:label="Footnote-02" xml:lang="en-US">29,561,231 shares of ABVC common stock to be issued to BioKey in connection with the Merger. Those shares were valued at $1.50 per share, the closing share price of ABVC on February 5, 2019.</link:footnote>
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	  <link:definition>00000012 - Disclosure - Property and Equipment</link:definition>
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	  <link:definition>00000014 - Disclosure - Accrued Expenses</link:definition>
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	  <link:definition>00000015 - Disclosure - Convertible Notes Payable</link:definition>
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	  <link:definition>00000016 - Disclosure - Bank Loans</link:definition>
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	  <link:definition>00000018 - Disclosure - Related Parties Transactions</link:definition>
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	  <link:definition>00000022 - Disclosure - Lease</link:definition>
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	  <link:definition>00000027 - Disclosure - Summary of Significant Accounting Policies (Policies)</link:definition>
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	  <link:definition>00000029 - Disclosure - Inventory (Tables)</link:definition>
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	  <link:definition>00000030 - Disclosure - Property and Equipment (Tables)</link:definition>
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	  <link:definition>00000055 - Disclosure - Accrued Expenses (Details)</link:definition>
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	  <link:definition>00000056 - Disclosure - Convertible Notes Payable (Details)</link:definition>
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	  <link:definition>00000057 - Disclosure - Bank Loans (Details)</link:definition>
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	  <link:definition>00000059 - Disclosure - Bank Loans (Details Textual)</link:definition>
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	  <link:usedOn>link:calculationLink</link:usedOn>
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	  <link:definition>00000060 - Disclosure - Notes Payable (Details)</link:definition>
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	  <link:usedOn>link:calculationLink</link:usedOn>
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	  <link:definition>00000061 - Disclosure - Related Parties Transactions (Details)</link:definition>
	  <link:usedOn>link:presentationLink</link:usedOn>
	  <link:usedOn>link:calculationLink</link:usedOn>
	  <link:usedOn>link:definitionLink</link:usedOn>
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	  <link:definition>00000062 - Disclosure - Related Parties Transactions (Details 1)</link:definition>
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	  <link:definition>00000063 - Disclosure - Related Parties Transactions (Details 2)</link:definition>
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	  <link:definition>00000064 - Disclosure - Related Parties Transactions (Details 3)</link:definition>
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	  <link:definition>00000065 - Disclosure - Related Parties Transactions (Details 4)</link:definition>
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	  <link:usedOn>link:calculationLink</link:usedOn>
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	  <link:definition>00000066 - Disclosure - Related Parties Transactions (Details 5)</link:definition>
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	  <link:usedOn>link:calculationLink</link:usedOn>
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	<link:roleType roleURI="http://metuboutique.com/role/RelatedPartiesTransactionsDetailsTextual" id="RelatedPartiesTransactionsDetailsTextual">
	  <link:definition>00000067 - Disclosure - Related Parties Transactions (Details Textual)</link:definition>
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	  <link:usedOn>link:calculationLink</link:usedOn>
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	  <link:definition>00000068 - Disclosure - Equity (Details)</link:definition>
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	  <link:definition>00000069 - Disclosure - Income Tax (Details)</link:definition>
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	<link:roleType roleURI="http://metuboutique.com/role/IncomeTaxDetails1" id="IncomeTaxDetails1">
	  <link:definition>00000070 - Disclosure - Income Tax (Details 1)</link:definition>
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	<link:roleType roleURI="http://metuboutique.com/role/IncomeTaxDetails2" id="IncomeTaxDetails2">
	  <link:definition>00000071 - Disclosure - Income Tax (Details 2)</link:definition>
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	<link:roleType roleURI="http://metuboutique.com/role/IncomeTaxDetailsTextual" id="IncomeTaxDetailsTextual">
	  <link:definition>00000072 - Disclosure - Income Tax (Details Textual)</link:definition>
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	  <link:usedOn>link:calculationLink</link:usedOn>
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	<link:roleType roleURI="http://metuboutique.com/role/EarningsPerShareDetails" id="EarningsPerShareDetails">
	  <link:definition>00000073 - Disclosure - Loss per Share (Details)</link:definition>
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	  <link:definition>00000074 - Disclosure - Lease (Details)</link:definition>
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	  <link:usedOn>link:calculationLink</link:usedOn>
	  <link:usedOn>link:definitionLink</link:usedOn>
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	  <link:definition>00000075 - Disclosure - Lease (Details 1)</link:definition>
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	  <link:usedOn>link:calculationLink</link:usedOn>
	  <link:usedOn>link:definitionLink</link:usedOn>
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	<link:roleType roleURI="http://metuboutique.com/role/LeaseDetails2" id="LeaseDetails2">
	  <link:definition>00000076 - Disclosure - Lease (Details 2)</link:definition>
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	  <link:usedOn>link:calculationLink</link:usedOn>
	  <link:usedOn>link:definitionLink</link:usedOn>
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	<link:roleType roleURI="http://metuboutique.com/role/LeaseDetailsTextual" id="LeaseDetailsTextual">
	  <link:definition>00000077 - Disclosure - Lease (Details Textual)</link:definition>
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	  <link:usedOn>link:calculationLink</link:usedOn>
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	<link:roleType roleURI="http://metuboutique.com/role/BusinessCombinationDetails" id="BusinessCombinationDetails">
	  <link:definition>00000078 - Disclosure - Business Combination (Details)</link:definition>
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	  <link:usedOn>link:calculationLink</link:usedOn>
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	<link:roleType roleURI="http://metuboutique.com/role/BusinessCombinationDetailsTextual" id="BusinessCombinationDetailsTextual">
	  <link:definition>00000079 - Disclosure - Business Combination (Details Textual)</link:definition>
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	  <link:usedOn>link:calculationLink</link:usedOn>
	  <link:usedOn>link:definitionLink</link:usedOn>
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	  <link:definition>00000080 - Disclosure - Commitments and Contingencies (Details)</link:definition>
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	  <link:usedOn>link:calculationLink</link:usedOn>
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	<link:roleType roleURI="http://metuboutique.com/role/ProFormaFinancialStatementsDetails" id="ProFormaFinancialStatementsDetails">
	  <link:definition>00000081 - Disclosure - Pro Forma Financial Statements (Details)</link:definition>
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	  <link:usedOn>link:calculationLink</link:usedOn>
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	<link:roleType roleURI="http://metuboutique.com/role/ProFormaFinancialStatementsDetails1" id="ProFormaFinancialStatementsDetails1">
	  <link:definition>00000082 - Disclosure - Pro Forma Financial Statements (Details 1)</link:definition>
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	  <link:usedOn>link:calculationLink</link:usedOn>
	  <link:usedOn>link:definitionLink</link:usedOn>
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	<link:roleType roleURI="http://metuboutique.com/role/ProFormaFinancialStatementsDetails2" id="ProFormaFinancialStatementsDetails2">
	  <link:definition>00000083 - Disclosure - Pro Forma Financial Statements (Details 2)</link:definition>
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	  <link:usedOn>link:calculationLink</link:usedOn>
	  <link:usedOn>link:definitionLink</link:usedOn>
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	<link:roleType roleURI="http://metuboutique.com/role/ProFormaFinancialStatementsDetails3" id="ProFormaFinancialStatementsDetails3">
	  <link:definition>00000084 - Disclosure - Pro Forma Financial Statements (Details 3)</link:definition>
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	  <link:usedOn>link:calculationLink</link:usedOn>
	  <link:usedOn>link:definitionLink</link:usedOn>
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	<link:roleType roleURI="http://metuboutique.com/role/ProFormaFinancialStatementsDetails4" id="ProFormaFinancialStatementsDetails4">
	  <link:definition>00000085 - Disclosure - Pro Forma Financial Statements (Details 4)</link:definition>
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	  <link:usedOn>link:calculationLink</link:usedOn>
	  <link:usedOn>link:definitionLink</link:usedOn>
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	<link:roleType roleURI="http://metuboutique.com/role/ProFormaFinancialStatementsDetails5" id="ProFormaFinancialStatementsDetails5">
	  <link:definition>00000086 - Disclosure - Pro Forma Financial Statements (Details 5)</link:definition>
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	  <link:usedOn>link:calculationLink</link:usedOn>
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	<link:roleType roleURI="http://metuboutique.com/role/ProFormaFinancialStatementsDetailsTextual" id="ProFormaFinancialStatementsDetailsTextual">
	  <link:definition>00000087 - Disclosure - Pro Forma Financial Statements (Details Textual)</link:definition>
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	  <link:usedOn>link:calculationLink</link:usedOn>
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	  <link:definition>00000088 - Disclosure - Subsequent Events (Details)</link:definition>
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    <element id="abvcd_AggregateWorkingcapital" name="AggregateWorkingcapital" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" xbrli:balance="debit" type="xbrli:monetaryItemType" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" />
    <element id="abvcd_BusinessCombinationRecognizedIdentifiableAssetsAcquiredAndLiabilitiesAssumedOperatingLeaseRightOfUseAssets" name="BusinessCombinationRecognizedIdentifiableAssetsAcquiredAndLiabilitiesAssumedOperatingLeaseRightOfUseAssets" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="instant" xbrli:balance="debit" type="xbrli:monetaryItemType" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" />
    <element id="abvcd_BusinessCombinationRecognizedIdentifiableAssetsAcquiredAndLiabilitiesAssumedOperatingLeaseLiability" name="BusinessCombinationRecognizedIdentifiableAssetsAcquiredAndLiabilitiesAssumedOperatingLeaseLiability" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="instant" xbrli:balance="credit" type="xbrli:monetaryItemType" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" />
    <element id="abvcd_BusinessCombinationRecognizedIdentifiableAssetsAcquiredAndLiabilitiesAssumedCurrentTenantSecurityDeposit" name="BusinessCombinationRecognizedIdentifiableAssetsAcquiredAndLiabilitiesAssumedCurrentTenantSecurityDeposit" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="instant" xbrli:balance="credit" type="xbrli:monetaryItemType" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" />
    <element id="abvcd_BusinessAcquisitionGoodwillWrittenOffRelatedToSaleOfBusinessUnit" name="BusinessAcquisitionGoodwillWrittenOffRelatedToSaleOfBusinessUnit" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="instant" xbrli:balance="credit" type="xbrli:monetaryItemType" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" />
    <element id="abvcd_GoodWillWriteDownPercentage" name="GoodWillWriteDownPercentage" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="instant" type="num:percentItemType" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" />
    <element id="abvcd_DisclosureOfBankLoansTextBlock" name="DisclosureOfBankLoansTextBlock" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" type="nonnum:textBlockItemType" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" />
    <element id="abvcd_RegularInterestRateDescription" name="RegularInterestRateDescription" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" type="xbrli:stringItemType" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" />
    <element id="abvcd_AgreementDescription" name="AgreementDescription" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" type="xbrli:stringItemType" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" />
    <element id="abvcd_ScheduleOfPropertyAndEquipment" name="ScheduleOfPropertyAndEquipment" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" type="nonnum:textBlockItemType" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" />
    <element id="abvcd_ScheduleOfRelatedPartyTransactionsAmountDueToRelatedParty" name="ScheduleOfRelatedPartyTransactionsAmountDueToRelatedParty" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" type="nonnum:textBlockItemType" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" />
    <element id="abvcd_CapitalContributionFromRelatedPartiesUnderCommonControl" name="CapitalContributionFromRelatedPartiesUnderCommonControl" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" xbrli:balance="credit" type="xbrli:monetaryItemType" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" />
    <element id="abvcd_CommonSharesIssuedForEmployeesAndConsultants" name="CommonSharesIssuedForEmployeesAndConsultants" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" xbrli:balance="credit" type="xbrli:monetaryItemType" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" />
    <element id="abvcd_CommonSharesIssuedForDueToRelatedParties" name="CommonSharesIssuedForDueToRelatedParties" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" xbrli:balance="credit" type="xbrli:monetaryItemType" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" />
    <element id="abvcd_CapitalContributionFromRelatedPartiesUnderCommonControls" name="CapitalContributionFromRelatedPartiesUnderCommonControls" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" xbrli:balance="credit" type="xbrli:monetaryItemType" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" />
    <element id="abvcd_StockIssuedDuringPeriodCapitalContributionFromRelatedPartiesUnderCommonControl" name="StockIssuedDuringPeriodCapitalContributionFromRelatedPartiesUnderCommonControl" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" xbrli:balance="credit" type="xbrli:monetaryItemType" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" />
    <element id="abvcd_ForwardStockSplitsPolicyTextBlock" name="ForwardStockSplitsPolicyTextBlock" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" type="nonnum:textBlockItemType" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" />
    <element id="abvcd_StockReverseSplitPolicyTextBlock" name="StockReverseSplitPolicyTextBlock" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" type="nonnum:textBlockItemType" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" />
    <element id="abvcd_LongTermEquityInvestmentPolicy" name="LongTermEquityInvestmentPolicy" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" type="nonnum:textBlockItemType" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" />
    <element id="abvcd_OtherThanTemporaryImpairmentPolicyTextBlock" name="OtherThanTemporaryImpairmentPolicyTextBlock" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" type="nonnum:textBlockItemType" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" />
    <element id="abvcd_BeneficialConversionFeature" name="BeneficialConversionFeature" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" type="nonnum:textBlockItemType" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" />
    <element id="abvcd_ValuationOfDeferredTaxAssetsPolicyTextBlock" name="ValuationOfDeferredTaxAssetsPolicyTextBlock" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" type="nonnum:textBlockItemType" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" />
    <element id="abvcd_TranslationAdjustmentPolicyTextBlock" name="TranslationAdjustmentPolicyTextBlock" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" type="nonnum:textBlockItemType" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" />
    <element id="abvcd_AccruedInterestExpenseRelatedParty" name="AccruedInterestExpenseRelatedParty" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="instant" xbrli:balance="credit" type="xbrli:monetaryItemType" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" />
    <element id="abvcd_AccruedExpenses" name="AccruedExpenses" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="instant" xbrli:balance="credit" type="xbrli:monetaryItemType" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" />
    <element id="abvcd_OtherReceivableRelatedPartiesTableTextBlock" name="OtherReceivableRelatedPartiesTableTextBlock" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" type="nonnum:textBlockItemType" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" />
    <element id="abvcd_OneTimeConsultingService" name="OneTimeConsultingService" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" xbrli:balance="debit" type="xbrli:monetaryItemType" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" />
    <element id="abvcd_FederalTotal" name="FederalTotal" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" xbrli:balance="debit" type="xbrli:monetaryItemType" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" />
    <element id="abvcd_StateTotal" name="StateTotal" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" xbrli:balance="debit" type="xbrli:monetaryItemType" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" />
    <element id="abvcd_ProvisionalRemeasurementOfDeferredTaxes" name="ProvisionalRemeasurementOfDeferredTaxes" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" type="num:percentItemType" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" />
    <element id="abvcd_AccruedExpensesAndOtherCurrentLiabilitiesNet" name="AccruedExpensesAndOtherCurrentLiabilitiesNet" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="instant" xbrli:balance="credit" type="xbrli:monetaryItemType" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" />
    <element id="abvcd_CommonStockToBeIssued" name="CommonStockToBeIssued" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="instant" xbrli:balance="credit" type="xbrli:monetaryItemType" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" />
    <element id="abvcd_CommonStockToBeIssued1" name="CommonStockToBeIssued1" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="instant" xbrli:balance="credit" type="xbrli:monetaryItemType" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" />
    <element id="abvcd_CommonStockToBeIssued2" name="CommonStockToBeIssued2" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="instant" xbrli:balance="credit" type="xbrli:monetaryItemType" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" />
    <element id="abvcd_CommonStockToBeIssued3" name="CommonStockToBeIssued3" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="instant" xbrli:balance="credit" type="xbrli:monetaryItemType" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" />
    <element id="abvcd_AdditionalPaidinCapital1" name="AdditionalPaidinCapital1" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="instant" xbrli:balance="credit" type="xbrli:monetaryItemType" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" />
    <element id="abvcd_AdditionalPaidinCapital2" name="AdditionalPaidinCapital2" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="instant" xbrli:balance="credit" type="xbrli:monetaryItemType" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" />
    <element id="abvcd_AdditionalPaidinCapital3" name="AdditionalPaidinCapital3" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="instant" xbrli:balance="credit" type="xbrli:monetaryItemType" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" />
    <element id="abvcd_StockSubscriptionReceivables" name="StockSubscriptionReceivables" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="instant" xbrli:balance="credit" type="xbrli:monetaryItemType" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" />
    <element id="abvcd_RetainedEarningsAccumulatedDeficit1" name="RetainedEarningsAccumulatedDeficit1" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="instant" xbrli:balance="credit" type="xbrli:monetaryItemType" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" />
    <element id="abvcd_RetainedEarningsAccumulatedDeficit2" name="RetainedEarningsAccumulatedDeficit2" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="instant" xbrli:balance="credit" type="xbrli:monetaryItemType" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" />
    <element id="abvcd_RetainedEarningsAccumulatedDeficit3" name="RetainedEarningsAccumulatedDeficit3" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="instant" xbrli:balance="credit" type="xbrli:monetaryItemType" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" />
    <element id="abvcd_TreasurySharesOutstanding" name="TreasurySharesOutstanding" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="instant" xbrli:balance="debit" type="xbrli:monetaryItemType" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" />
    <element id="abvcd_NonOperatingImpairmentLoss" name="NonOperatingImpairmentLoss" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" xbrli:balance="debit" type="xbrli:monetaryItemType" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" />
    <element id="abvcd_GainlossOnInvestmentInEquitySecurities" name="GainlossOnInvestmentInEquitySecurities" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" xbrli:balance="credit" type="xbrli:monetaryItemType" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" />
    <element id="abvcd_AbvcCommonStockToBeIssuedToBiokeyAsResultOfMerger" name="AbvcCommonStockToBeIssuedToBiokeyAsResultOfMerger" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" type="xbrli:sharesItemType" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" />
    <element id="abvcd_CommonStockToBeIssued4" name="CommonStockToBeIssued4" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="instant" xbrli:balance="credit" type="xbrli:monetaryItemType" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" />
    <element id="abvcd_ExchangeOfEachBiokeyShareOfPreferredStockOutstanding" name="ExchangeOfEachBiokeyShareOfPreferredStockOutstanding" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="instant" type="xbrli:sharesItemType" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" />
    <element id="abvcd_CommonStockToBeIssuedToBiokeyAsResultOfMerger" name="CommonStockToBeIssuedToBiokeyAsResultOfMerger" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="instant" type="xbrli:sharesItemType" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" />
    <element id="abvcd_CommonStockToBeIssued5" name="CommonStockToBeIssued5" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="instant" xbrli:balance="credit" type="xbrli:monetaryItemType" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" />
    <element id="abvcd_AbvcCommonStockIssued" name="AbvcCommonStockIssued" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="instant" type="xbrli:sharesItemType" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" />
    <element id="abvcd_AbvcCommonStockHeldByBiolite" name="AbvcCommonStockHeldByBiolite" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="instant" type="xbrli:sharesItemType" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" />
    <element id="abvcd_AbvcCommonStockHeldByBioliteForCashIssuance" name="AbvcCommonStockHeldByBioliteForCashIssuance" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="instant" type="xbrli:sharesItemType" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" />
    <element id="abvcd_AbvcCommonStockToBeIssuedToBioliteAsResultOfMerger" name="AbvcCommonStockToBeIssuedToBioliteAsResultOfMerger" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="instant" type="xbrli:sharesItemType" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" />
    <element id="abvcd_AbvcCommonStockToBeIssuedToBiokey" name="AbvcCommonStockToBeIssuedToBiokey" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="instant" type="xbrli:sharesItemType" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" />
    <element id="abvcd_BusinessCombinationRecognizedIdentifiableAssetsAcquiredAndLiabilitiesAssumedCurrentLiabilitiesDueToShaholders" name="BusinessCombinationRecognizedIdentifiableAssetsAcquiredAndLiabilitiesAssumedCurrentLiabilitiesDueToShaholders" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="instant" xbrli:balance="credit" type="xbrli:monetaryItemType" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" />
    <element id="abvcd_FullyExpenseEntireAmount" name="FullyExpenseEntireAmount" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" xbrli:balance="debit" type="xbrli:monetaryItemType" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" />
    <element id="abvcd_AggregateAmount" name="AggregateAmount" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" xbrli:balance="debit" type="xbrli:monetaryItemType" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" />
    <element id="abvcd_ClosingSharePrice" name="ClosingSharePrice" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="instant" type="num:perShareItemType" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" />
    <element id="abvcd_ScheduleOfReconciliationOfCommonStockToBeIssuedTableTextBlock" name="ScheduleOfReconciliationOfCommonStockToBeIssuedTableTextBlock" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" type="nonnum:textBlockItemType" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" />
    <element id="abvcd_ScheduleOfCommonStockToBeIssuedToShareholdersInExchangeOfCommonStockOutstandingTableTextBlock" name="ScheduleOfCommonStockToBeIssuedToShareholdersInExchangeOfCommonStockOutstandingTableTextBlock" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" type="nonnum:textBlockItemType" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" />
    <element id="abvcd_ScheduleOfCommonStockToBeIssuedToShareholdersInExchangeOfPreferredStockOutstanding" name="ScheduleOfCommonStockToBeIssuedToShareholdersInExchangeOfPreferredStockOutstanding" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" type="nonnum:textBlockItemType" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" />
    <element id="abvcd_ReceivableFromCollaborationPartners" name="ReceivableFromCollaborationPartners" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" type="nonnum:textBlockItemType" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" />
    <element id="abvcd_ScheduleOfRecognizedIdentifiedAssetAcquiredAndLiabilitiesAssumedTableTextBlock" name="ScheduleOfRecognizedIdentifiedAssetAcquiredAndLiabilitiesAssumedTableTextBlock" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" type="nonnum:textBlockItemType" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" />
    <element id="abvcd_ScheduleOfCondensedBalanceSheetsTableTextBlock" name="ScheduleOfCondensedBalanceSheetsTableTextBlock" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" type="nonnum:textBlockItemType" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" />
    <element id="abvcd_ScheduleOfCondensedIncomeStatementsTableTextBlock" name="ScheduleOfCondensedIncomeStatementsTableTextBlock" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" type="nonnum:textBlockItemType" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" />
    <element id="abvcd_ProFormaFinancialStatementsTextBlock" name="ProFormaFinancialStatementsTextBlock" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" type="nonnum:textBlockItemType" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" />
    <element id="abvcd_CodevelopmentagreementMember" name="CodevelopmentagreementMember" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" type="nonnum:domainItemType" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" />
    <element id="abvcd_BioFirstCorporationMember" name="BioFirstCorporationMember" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" type="nonnum:domainItemType" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" />
    <element id="abvcd_ShareExchangeAgreementThreeMember" name="ShareExchangeAgreementThreeMember" abstract="true" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" type="nonnum:domainItemType" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" />
    <element id="abvcd_ShareExchangeAgreementFourMember" name="ShareExchangeAgreementFourMember" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" type="nonnum:domainItemType" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" />
    <element id="abvcd_RgeneCorporationMember" name="RgeneCorporationMember" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" type="nonnum:domainItemType" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" />
    <element id="abvcd_UnsecuredConvertiblePromissoryNoteMember" name="UnsecuredConvertiblePromissoryNoteMember" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" type="nonnum:domainItemType" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" />
    <element id="abvcd_BioFirstAustraliaMember" name="BioFirstAustraliaMember" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" type="nonnum:domainItemType" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" />
    <element id="abvcd_BuildingsAndLeaseholdImprovementsMember" name="BuildingsAndLeaseholdImprovementsMember" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" type="nonnum:domainItemType" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" />
    <element id="abvcd_TaiwaneseMember" name="TaiwaneseMember" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" type="nonnum:domainItemType" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" />
    <element id="abvcd_HsuAndChowPromissoryNoteMember" name="HsuAndChowPromissoryNoteMember" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" type="nonnum:domainItemType" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" />
    <element id="abvcd_BioLiteTaiwanMember" name="BioLiteTaiwanMember" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" type="nonnum:domainItemType" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" />
    <element id="abvcd_CathayUnitedBankMember" name="CathayUnitedBankMember" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" type="nonnum:domainItemType" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" />
    <element id="abvcd_CTBCBankMember" name="CTBCBankMember" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" type="nonnum:domainItemType" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" />
    <element id="abvcd_CathayBnakMember" name="CathayBnakMember" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" type="nonnum:domainItemType" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" />
    <element id="abvcd_CathayUnitedLoanAgreementMember" name="CathayUnitedLoanAgreementMember" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" type="nonnum:domainItemType" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" />
    <element id="abvcd_NTMember" name="NTMember" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" type="nonnum:domainItemType" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" />
    <element id="abvcd_CTBCLoanAgreementsMember" name="CTBCLoanAgreementsMember" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" type="nonnum:domainItemType" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" />
    <element id="abvcd_LoanAgreementMember" name="LoanAgreementMember" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" type="nonnum:domainItemType" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" />
    <element id="abvcd_AprilThirtyTwoThousandTenMember" name="AprilThirtyTwoThousandTenMember" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" type="nonnum:domainItemType" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" />
    <element id="abvcd_BraingenesisBiotechnologyCoLtdMember" name="BraingenesisBiotechnologyCoLtdMember" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" type="nonnum:domainItemType" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" />
    <element id="abvcd_GenepharmBiotechCorporationMember" name="GenepharmBiotechCorporationMember" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" type="nonnum:domainItemType" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" />
    <element id="abvcd_BioHopeKingCorporationMember" name="BioHopeKingCorporationMember" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" type="nonnum:domainItemType" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" />
    <element id="abvcd_RgeneMember" name="RgeneMember" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" type="nonnum:domainItemType" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" />
    <element id="abvcd_BHKCoDevelopmentAgreementMember" name="BHKCoDevelopmentAgreementMember" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" type="nonnum:domainItemType" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" />
    <element id="abvcd_AccountingStandardsCodificationMember" name="AccountingStandardsCodificationMember" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" type="nonnum:domainItemType" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" />
    <element id="abvcd_YuangeneCorporationMember" name="YuangeneCorporationMember" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" type="nonnum:domainItemType" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" />
    <element id="abvcd_AsiangeneCorporationMember" name="AsiangeneCorporationMember" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" type="nonnum:domainItemType" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" />
    <element id="abvcd_EugeneJiangMember" name="EugeneJiangMember" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" type="nonnum:domainItemType" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" />
    <element id="abvcd_KeypointTechnologyMember" name="KeypointTechnologyMember" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" type="nonnum:domainItemType" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" />
    <element id="abvcd_YoshinobuOdairaMember" name="YoshinobuOdairaMember" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" type="nonnum:domainItemType" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" />
    <element id="abvcd_EuroAsiaInvestmentAndFinanceCorpLtdMember" name="EuroAsiaInvestmentAndFinanceCorpLtdMember" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" type="nonnum:domainItemType" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" />
    <element id="abvcd_KimhoConsultantsCoLtdMember" name="KimhoConsultantsCoLtdMember" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" type="nonnum:domainItemType" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" />
    <element id="abvcd_KeypointMember" name="KeypointMember" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" type="nonnum:domainItemType" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" />
    <element id="abvcd_OdairaMember" name="OdairaMember" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" type="nonnum:domainItemType" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" />
    <element id="abvcd_TheJiangsMember" name="TheJiangsMember" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" type="nonnum:domainItemType" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" />
    <element id="abvcd_BioKeyMember" name="BioKeyMember" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" type="nonnum:domainItemType" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" />
    <element id="abvcd_BioLiteMember" name="BioLiteMember" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" type="nonnum:domainItemType" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" />
    <element id="abvcd_ShareExchangeAgreementMember" name="ShareExchangeAgreementMember" abstract="true" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" type="nonnum:domainItemType" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" />
    <element id="abvcd_ShareExchangeAgreementOneMember" name="ShareExchangeAgreementOneMember" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" type="nonnum:domainItemType" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" />
    <element id="abvcd_ShareExchangeAgreementTwoMember" name="ShareExchangeAgreementTwoMember" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" type="nonnum:domainItemType" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" />
    <element id="abvcd_EquityIncentivePlanMember" name="EquityIncentivePlanMember" abstract="true" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" type="nonnum:domainItemType" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" />
    <element id="abvcd_CollaborativeArrangementOneMember" name="CollaborativeArrangementOneMember" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" type="nonnum:domainItemType" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" />
    <element id="abvcd_ConsultingAgreementMember" name="ConsultingAgreementMember" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" type="nonnum:domainItemType" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" />
    <element id="abvcd_EuroAsiaAgreementMember" name="EuroAsiaAgreementMember" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" type="nonnum:domainItemType" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" />
    <element id="abvcd_KimhoAgreementMember" name="KimhoAgreementMember" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" type="nonnum:domainItemType" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" />
    <element id="abvcd_LionArtsPromotionIncMember" name="LionArtsPromotionIncMember" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" type="nonnum:domainItemType" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" />
    <element id="abvcd_LionGeneCorporationMember" name="LionGeneCorporationMember" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" type="nonnum:domainItemType" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" />
    <element id="abvcd_GenePharmIncMember" name="GenePharmIncMember" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" type="nonnum:domainItemType" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" />
    <element id="abvcd_MrTsungShannJiangMsShuLingJiangAndMrEugeneJiangMember" name="MrTsungShannJiangMsShuLingJiangAndMrEugeneJiangMember" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" type="nonnum:domainItemType" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" />
    <element id="abvcd_LoanAgreementOneMember" name="LoanAgreementOneMember" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" type="nonnum:domainItemType" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" />
    <element id="abvcd_BioLiteAndBioKeyMember" name="BioLiteAndBioKeyMember" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" type="nonnum:domainItemType" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" />
    <element id="abvcd_BriVisionAndBioFirstAgreementMember" name="BriVisionAndBioFirstAgreementMember" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" type="nonnum:domainItemType" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" />
    <element id="abvcd_BioliteIncMember" name="BioliteIncMember" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" type="nonnum:domainItemType" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" />
    <element id="abvcd_BioKeyIncMember" name="BioKeyIncMember" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" type="nonnum:domainItemType" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" />
    <element id="abvcd_ABVCMember" name="ABVCMember" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" type="nonnum:domainItemType" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" />
    <element id="abvcd_ProFormaAdjustmentMember" name="ProFormaAdjustmentMember" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" type="nonnum:domainItemType" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" />
    <element id="abvcd_ReverseMergerMember" name="ReverseMergerMember" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" type="nonnum:domainItemType" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" />
    <element id="abvcd_BioLiteCollaborativeAgreementMember" name="BioLiteCollaborativeAgreementMember" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" type="nonnum:domainItemType" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" />
    <element id="abvcd_CathayBankMember" name="CathayBankMember" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" type="nonnum:domainItemType" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" />
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</schema>
</XBRL>
</TEXT>
</DOCUMENT>
<DOCUMENT>
<TYPE>EX-101.CAL
<SEQUENCE>11
<FILENAME>abvcd-20190331_cal.xml
<DESCRIPTION>XBRL CALCULATION FILE
<TEXT>
<XBRL>
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<TYPE>EX-101.DEF
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      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_ShortTermDebtTypeAxis" xlink:to="us-gaap_ShortTermDebtTypeAxis_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_ShortTermDebtTypeAxis_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Short-term Debt, Type [Axis]</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="abvcd-20190331.xsd#abvcd_UnsecuredConvertiblePromissoryNoteMember" xlink:label="abvcd_UnsecuredConvertiblePromissoryNoteMember" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="abvcd_UnsecuredConvertiblePromissoryNoteMember" xlink:to="abvcd_UnsecuredConvertiblePromissoryNoteMember_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="abvcd_UnsecuredConvertiblePromissoryNoteMember_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Unsecured convertible promissory note [Member]</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="abvcd-20190331.xsd#abvcd_BioFirstAustraliaMember" xlink:label="abvcd_BioFirstAustraliaMember" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="abvcd_BioFirstAustraliaMember" xlink:to="abvcd_BioFirstAustraliaMember_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="abvcd_BioFirstAustraliaMember_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">BioFirst (Australia) [Member]</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2019/elts/us-gaap-2019-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_StatementEquityComponentsAxis" xlink:label="us-gaap_StatementEquityComponentsAxis" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_StatementEquityComponentsAxis" xlink:to="us-gaap_StatementEquityComponentsAxis_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_StatementEquityComponentsAxis_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Equity Components [Axis]</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2019/elts/us-gaap-2019-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_CommonStockMember" xlink:label="us-gaap_CommonStockMember" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_CommonStockMember" xlink:to="us-gaap_CommonStockMember_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_CommonStockMember_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Common Stock</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2019/elts/us-gaap-2019-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_AdditionalPaidInCapitalMember" xlink:label="us-gaap_AdditionalPaidInCapitalMember" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_AdditionalPaidInCapitalMember" xlink:to="us-gaap_AdditionalPaidInCapitalMember_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_AdditionalPaidInCapitalMember_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Additional Paid-In Capital</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2019/elts/us-gaap-2019-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_RetainedEarningsMember" xlink:label="us-gaap_RetainedEarningsMember" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_RetainedEarningsMember" xlink:to="us-gaap_RetainedEarningsMember_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_RetainedEarningsMember_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Retained Earnings / Accumulated Deficit</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2019/elts/us-gaap-2019-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_PropertyPlantAndEquipmentByTypeAxis" xlink:label="us-gaap_PropertyPlantAndEquipmentByTypeAxis" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_PropertyPlantAndEquipmentByTypeAxis" xlink:to="us-gaap_PropertyPlantAndEquipmentByTypeAxis_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_PropertyPlantAndEquipmentByTypeAxis_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Property, Plant and Equipment, Type [Axis]</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="abvcd-20190331.xsd#abvcd_BuildingsAndLeaseholdImprovementsMember" xlink:label="abvcd_BuildingsAndLeaseholdImprovementsMember" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="abvcd_BuildingsAndLeaseholdImprovementsMember" xlink:to="abvcd_BuildingsAndLeaseholdImprovementsMember_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="abvcd_BuildingsAndLeaseholdImprovementsMember_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Buildings and leasehold improvements [Member]</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/srt/2019/elts/srt-2019-01-31.xsd#srt_RangeAxis" xlink:label="srt_RangeAxis" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="srt_RangeAxis" xlink:to="srt_RangeAxis_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="srt_RangeAxis_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Range [Axis]</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/srt/2019/elts/srt-2019-01-31.xsd#srt_MinimumMember" xlink:label="srt_MinimumMember" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="srt_MinimumMember" xlink:to="srt_MinimumMember_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="srt_MinimumMember_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Minimum [Member]</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/srt/2019/elts/srt-2019-01-31.xsd#srt_MaximumMember" xlink:label="srt_MaximumMember" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="srt_MaximumMember" xlink:to="srt_MaximumMember_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="srt_MaximumMember_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Maximum [Member]</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2019/elts/us-gaap-2019-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_MachineryAndEquipmentMember" xlink:label="us-gaap_MachineryAndEquipmentMember" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_MachineryAndEquipmentMember" xlink:to="us-gaap_MachineryAndEquipmentMember_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_MachineryAndEquipmentMember_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Machinery and Equipment [Member]</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2019/elts/us-gaap-2019-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_OfficeEquipmentMember" xlink:label="us-gaap_OfficeEquipmentMember" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_OfficeEquipmentMember" xlink:to="us-gaap_OfficeEquipmentMember_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_OfficeEquipmentMember_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Office Equipment [Member]</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2019/elts/us-gaap-2019-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_LandMember" xlink:label="us-gaap_LandMember" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_LandMember" xlink:to="us-gaap_LandMember_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_LandMember_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Land [Member]</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2019/elts/us-gaap-2019-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_ComprehensiveIncomeMember" xlink:label="us-gaap_ComprehensiveIncomeMember" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_ComprehensiveIncomeMember" xlink:to="us-gaap_ComprehensiveIncomeMember_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_ComprehensiveIncomeMember_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Comprehensive Income / Loss</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2019/elts/us-gaap-2019-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_NoncontrollingInterestMember" xlink:label="us-gaap_NoncontrollingInterestMember" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_NoncontrollingInterestMember" xlink:to="us-gaap_NoncontrollingInterestMember_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_NoncontrollingInterestMember_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Noncontrolling Interest</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2019/elts/us-gaap-2019-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_TreasuryStockMember" xlink:label="us-gaap_TreasuryStockMember" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_TreasuryStockMember" xlink:to="us-gaap_TreasuryStockMember_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_TreasuryStockMember_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Treasury Stock</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="abvcd-20190331.xsd#abvcd_TaiwaneseMember" xlink:label="abvcd_TaiwaneseMember" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="abvcd_TaiwaneseMember" xlink:to="abvcd_TaiwaneseMember_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="abvcd_TaiwaneseMember_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Taiwanese [Member]</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="abvcd-20190331.xsd#abvcd_HsuAndChowPromissoryNoteMember" xlink:label="abvcd_HsuAndChowPromissoryNoteMember" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="abvcd_HsuAndChowPromissoryNoteMember" xlink:to="abvcd_HsuAndChowPromissoryNoteMember_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="abvcd_HsuAndChowPromissoryNoteMember_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Hsu and Chow Promissory Note [Member]</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="abvcd-20190331.xsd#abvcd_BioLiteTaiwanMember" xlink:label="abvcd_BioLiteTaiwanMember" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="abvcd_BioLiteTaiwanMember" xlink:to="abvcd_BioLiteTaiwanMember_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="abvcd_BioLiteTaiwanMember_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">BioLite Taiwan [Member]</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="abvcd-20190331.xsd#abvcd_CathayUnitedBankMember" xlink:label="abvcd_CathayUnitedBankMember" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="abvcd_CathayUnitedBankMember" xlink:to="abvcd_CathayUnitedBankMember_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="abvcd_CathayUnitedBankMember_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Cathay United Bank [Member]</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="abvcd-20190331.xsd#abvcd_CTBCBankMember" xlink:label="abvcd_CTBCBankMember" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="abvcd_CTBCBankMember" xlink:to="abvcd_CTBCBankMember_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="abvcd_CTBCBankMember_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">CTBC Bank [Member]</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="abvcd-20190331.xsd#abvcd_CathayBnakMember" xlink:label="abvcd_CathayBnakMember" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="abvcd_CathayBnakMember" xlink:to="abvcd_CathayBnakMember_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="abvcd_CathayBnakMember_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Cathay Bnak [Member]</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="abvcd-20190331.xsd#abvcd_CathayUnitedLoanAgreementMember" xlink:label="abvcd_CathayUnitedLoanAgreementMember" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="abvcd_CathayUnitedLoanAgreementMember" xlink:to="abvcd_CathayUnitedLoanAgreementMember_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="abvcd_CathayUnitedLoanAgreementMember_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Cathay United Loan Agreement [Member]</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="abvcd-20190331.xsd#abvcd_TypeOfCurrencyNameAxis" xlink:label="abvcd_TypeOfCurrencyNameAxis" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="abvcd_TypeOfCurrencyNameAxis" xlink:to="abvcd_TypeOfCurrencyNameAxis_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="abvcd_TypeOfCurrencyNameAxis_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Type Of Currency Name [Axis]</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="abvcd-20190331.xsd#abvcd_NTMember" xlink:label="abvcd_NTMember" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="abvcd_NTMember" xlink:to="abvcd_NTMember_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="abvcd_NTMember_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">NT [Member]</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="abvcd-20190331.xsd#abvcd_CTBCLoanAgreementsMember" xlink:label="abvcd_CTBCLoanAgreementsMember" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="abvcd_CTBCLoanAgreementsMember" xlink:to="abvcd_CTBCLoanAgreementsMember_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="abvcd_CTBCLoanAgreementsMember_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">CTBC Loan Agreements [Member]</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="abvcd-20190331.xsd#abvcd_LoanAgreementMember" xlink:label="abvcd_LoanAgreementMember" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="abvcd_LoanAgreementMember" xlink:to="abvcd_LoanAgreementMember_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="abvcd_LoanAgreementMember_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Loan Agreement [Member]</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="abvcd-20190331.xsd#abvcd_ReportingDateAxis" xlink:label="abvcd_ReportingDateAxis" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="abvcd_ReportingDateAxis" xlink:to="abvcd_ReportingDateAxis_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="abvcd_ReportingDateAxis_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Reporting Date [Axis]</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="abvcd-20190331.xsd#abvcd_AprilThirtyTwoThousandTenMember" xlink:label="abvcd_AprilThirtyTwoThousandTenMember" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="abvcd_AprilThirtyTwoThousandTenMember" xlink:to="abvcd_AprilThirtyTwoThousandTenMember_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="abvcd_AprilThirtyTwoThousandTenMember_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">April 30, 2010 [Member]</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2019/elts/us-gaap-2019-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_RelatedPartyTransactionsByRelatedPartyAxis" xlink:label="us-gaap_RelatedPartyTransactionsByRelatedPartyAxis" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_RelatedPartyTransactionsByRelatedPartyAxis" xlink:to="us-gaap_RelatedPartyTransactionsByRelatedPartyAxis_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_RelatedPartyTransactionsByRelatedPartyAxis_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Related Party [Axis]</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="abvcd-20190331.xsd#abvcd_BraingenesisBiotechnologyCoLtdMember" xlink:label="abvcd_BraingenesisBiotechnologyCoLtdMember" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="abvcd_BraingenesisBiotechnologyCoLtdMember" xlink:to="abvcd_BraingenesisBiotechnologyCoLtdMember_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="abvcd_BraingenesisBiotechnologyCoLtdMember_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Braingenesis Biotechnology Co., Ltd. [Member]</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="abvcd-20190331.xsd#abvcd_GenepharmBiotechCorporationMember" xlink:label="abvcd_GenepharmBiotechCorporationMember" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="abvcd_GenepharmBiotechCorporationMember" xlink:to="abvcd_GenepharmBiotechCorporationMember_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="abvcd_GenepharmBiotechCorporationMember_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Genepharm Biotech Corporation [Member]</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="abvcd-20190331.xsd#abvcd_BioHopeKingCorporationMember" xlink:label="abvcd_BioHopeKingCorporationMember" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="abvcd_BioHopeKingCorporationMember" xlink:to="abvcd_BioHopeKingCorporationMember_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="abvcd_BioHopeKingCorporationMember_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">BioHopeKing Corporation [Member]</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="abvcd-20190331.xsd#abvcd_RgeneMember" xlink:label="abvcd_RgeneMember" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="abvcd_RgeneMember" xlink:to="abvcd_RgeneMember_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="abvcd_RgeneMember_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Rgene [Member]</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="abvcd-20190331.xsd#abvcd_BHKCoDevelopmentAgreementMember" xlink:label="abvcd_BHKCoDevelopmentAgreementMember" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="abvcd_BHKCoDevelopmentAgreementMember" xlink:to="abvcd_BHKCoDevelopmentAgreementMember_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="abvcd_BHKCoDevelopmentAgreementMember_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">BHK Co-Development Agreement [Member]</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2019/elts/us-gaap-2019-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_AdjustmentsForNewAccountingPronouncementsAxis" xlink:label="us-gaap_AdjustmentsForNewAccountingPronouncementsAxis" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_AdjustmentsForNewAccountingPronouncementsAxis" xlink:to="us-gaap_AdjustmentsForNewAccountingPronouncementsAxis_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_AdjustmentsForNewAccountingPronouncementsAxis_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Adjustments for New Accounting Pronouncements [Axis]</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="abvcd-20190331.xsd#abvcd_AccountingStandardsCodificationMember" xlink:label="abvcd_AccountingStandardsCodificationMember" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="abvcd_AccountingStandardsCodificationMember" xlink:to="abvcd_AccountingStandardsCodificationMember_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="abvcd_AccountingStandardsCodificationMember_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Accounting Standards Codification [Member]</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="abvcd-20190331.xsd#abvcd_YuangeneCorporationMember" xlink:label="abvcd_YuangeneCorporationMember" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="abvcd_YuangeneCorporationMember" xlink:to="abvcd_YuangeneCorporationMember_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="abvcd_YuangeneCorporationMember_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Yuangene Corporation [Member]</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="abvcd-20190331.xsd#abvcd_AsiangeneCorporationMember" xlink:label="abvcd_AsiangeneCorporationMember" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="abvcd_AsiangeneCorporationMember" xlink:to="abvcd_AsiangeneCorporationMember_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="abvcd_AsiangeneCorporationMember_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Asiangene Corporation [Member]</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="abvcd-20190331.xsd#abvcd_KeypointTechnologyMember" xlink:label="abvcd_KeypointTechnologyMember" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="abvcd_KeypointTechnologyMember" xlink:to="abvcd_KeypointTechnologyMember_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="abvcd_KeypointTechnologyMember_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Keypoint Technology Ltd [Member]</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="abvcd-20190331.xsd#abvcd_YoshinobuOdairaMember" xlink:label="abvcd_YoshinobuOdairaMember" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="abvcd_YoshinobuOdairaMember" xlink:to="abvcd_YoshinobuOdairaMember_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="abvcd_YoshinobuOdairaMember_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Yoshinobu Odaira [Member]</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="abvcd-20190331.xsd#abvcd_TheJiangsMember" xlink:label="abvcd_TheJiangsMember" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="abvcd_TheJiangsMember" xlink:to="abvcd_TheJiangsMember_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="abvcd_TheJiangsMember_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">The Jiangs [Member]</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/srt/2019/elts/srt-2019-01-31.xsd#srt_TitleOfIndividualAxis" xlink:label="srt_TitleOfIndividualAxis" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="srt_TitleOfIndividualAxis" xlink:to="srt_TitleOfIndividualAxis_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="srt_TitleOfIndividualAxis_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Title of Individual [Axis]</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/srt/2019/elts/srt-2019-01-31.xsd#srt_BoardOfDirectorsChairmanMember" xlink:label="srt_BoardOfDirectorsChairmanMember" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="srt_BoardOfDirectorsChairmanMember" xlink:to="srt_BoardOfDirectorsChairmanMember_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="srt_BoardOfDirectorsChairmanMember_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Chairman [Member]</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="abvcd-20190331.xsd#abvcd_BioKeyMember" xlink:label="abvcd_BioKeyMember" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="abvcd_BioKeyMember" xlink:to="abvcd_BioKeyMember_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="abvcd_BioKeyMember_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">BioKey [Member]</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="abvcd-20190331.xsd#abvcd_BioLiteMember" xlink:label="abvcd_BioLiteMember" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="abvcd_BioLiteMember" xlink:to="abvcd_BioLiteMember_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="abvcd_BioLiteMember_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">BioLite [Member]</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="abvcd-20190331.xsd#abvcd_ShareExchangeAgreementMember" xlink:label="abvcd_ShareExchangeAgreementMember" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="abvcd_ShareExchangeAgreementMember" xlink:to="abvcd_ShareExchangeAgreementMember_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="abvcd_ShareExchangeAgreementMember_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Share Exchange Agreement [Member]</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="abvcd-20190331.xsd#abvcd_ShareExchangeAgreementOneMember" xlink:label="abvcd_ShareExchangeAgreementOneMember" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="abvcd_ShareExchangeAgreementOneMember" xlink:to="abvcd_ShareExchangeAgreementOneMember_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="abvcd_ShareExchangeAgreementOneMember_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Share Exchange Agreement One [Member]</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="abvcd-20190331.xsd#abvcd_ShareExchangeAgreementTwoMember" xlink:label="abvcd_ShareExchangeAgreementTwoMember" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="abvcd_ShareExchangeAgreementTwoMember" xlink:to="abvcd_ShareExchangeAgreementTwoMember_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="abvcd_ShareExchangeAgreementTwoMember_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Share Exchange Agreement Two [Member]</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2019/elts/us-gaap-2019-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_PlanNameAxis" xlink:label="us-gaap_PlanNameAxis" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_PlanNameAxis" xlink:to="us-gaap_PlanNameAxis_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_PlanNameAxis_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Plan Name [Axis]</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="abvcd-20190331.xsd#abvcd_EquityIncentivePlanMember" xlink:label="abvcd_EquityIncentivePlanMember" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="abvcd_EquityIncentivePlanMember" xlink:to="abvcd_EquityIncentivePlanMember_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="abvcd_EquityIncentivePlanMember_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Equity Incentive Plan [Member]</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="abvcd-20190331.xsd#abvcd_CollaborativeArrangementOneMember" xlink:label="abvcd_CollaborativeArrangementOneMember" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="abvcd_CollaborativeArrangementOneMember" xlink:to="abvcd_CollaborativeArrangementOneMember_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="abvcd_CollaborativeArrangementOneMember_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Collaborative Arrangement One [Member]</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="abvcd-20190331.xsd#abvcd_EuroAsiaInvestmentAndFinanceCorpLtdMember" xlink:label="abvcd_EuroAsiaInvestmentAndFinanceCorpLtdMember" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="abvcd_EuroAsiaInvestmentAndFinanceCorpLtdMember" xlink:to="abvcd_EuroAsiaInvestmentAndFinanceCorpLtdMember_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="abvcd_EuroAsiaInvestmentAndFinanceCorpLtdMember_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Euro-Asia Investment &amp; Finance Corp Ltd [Member]</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="abvcd-20190331.xsd#abvcd_ConsultingAgreementMember" xlink:label="abvcd_ConsultingAgreementMember" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="abvcd_ConsultingAgreementMember" xlink:to="abvcd_ConsultingAgreementMember_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="abvcd_ConsultingAgreementMember_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Consulting Agreement [Member]</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="abvcd-20190331.xsd#abvcd_KimhoConsultantsCoLtdMember" xlink:label="abvcd_KimhoConsultantsCoLtdMember" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="abvcd_KimhoConsultantsCoLtdMember" xlink:to="abvcd_KimhoConsultantsCoLtdMember_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="abvcd_KimhoConsultantsCoLtdMember_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Kimho Consultants Co., Ltd [Member]</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="abvcd-20190331.xsd#abvcd_EuroAsiaAgreementMember" xlink:label="abvcd_EuroAsiaAgreementMember" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="abvcd_EuroAsiaAgreementMember" xlink:to="abvcd_EuroAsiaAgreementMember_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="abvcd_EuroAsiaAgreementMember_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Euro-Asia Agreement [Member]</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="abvcd-20190331.xsd#abvcd_KimhoAgreementMember" xlink:label="abvcd_KimhoAgreementMember" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="abvcd_KimhoAgreementMember" xlink:to="abvcd_KimhoAgreementMember_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="abvcd_KimhoAgreementMember_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Kimho Agreement [Member]</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="abvcd-20190331.xsd#abvcd_LionArtsPromotionIncMember" xlink:label="abvcd_LionArtsPromotionIncMember" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="abvcd_LionArtsPromotionIncMember" xlink:to="abvcd_LionArtsPromotionIncMember_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="abvcd_LionArtsPromotionIncMember_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Lion Arts Promotion Inc. (the "LION") [Member]</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="abvcd-20190331.xsd#abvcd_LionGeneCorporationMember" xlink:label="abvcd_LionGeneCorporationMember" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="abvcd_LionGeneCorporationMember" xlink:to="abvcd_LionGeneCorporationMember_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="abvcd_LionGeneCorporationMember_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">LionGene Corporation (the "LionGene") [Member]</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="abvcd-20190331.xsd#abvcd_GenePharmIncMember" xlink:label="abvcd_GenePharmIncMember" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="abvcd_GenePharmIncMember" xlink:to="abvcd_GenePharmIncMember_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="abvcd_GenePharmIncMember_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">GenePharm Inc. (the "GenePharm") [Member]</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="abvcd-20190331.xsd#abvcd_MrTsungShannJiangMsShuLingJiangAndMrEugeneJiangMember" xlink:label="abvcd_MrTsungShannJiangMsShuLingJiangAndMrEugeneJiangMember" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="abvcd_MrTsungShannJiangMsShuLingJiangAndMrEugeneJiangMember" xlink:to="abvcd_MrTsungShannJiangMsShuLingJiangAndMrEugeneJiangMember_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="abvcd_MrTsungShannJiangMsShuLingJiangAndMrEugeneJiangMember_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Mr. Tsung-Shann Jiang, Ms. Shu-Ling Jiang and Mr. Eugene Jiang (the "Jiangs") [Member]</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="abvcd-20190331.xsd#abvcd_LoanAgreementOneMember" xlink:label="abvcd_LoanAgreementOneMember" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="abvcd_LoanAgreementOneMember" xlink:to="abvcd_LoanAgreementOneMember_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="abvcd_LoanAgreementOneMember_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Loan Agreement One [Member]</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2019/elts/us-gaap-2019-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_BusinessAcquisitionAxis" xlink:label="us-gaap_BusinessAcquisitionAxis" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_BusinessAcquisitionAxis" xlink:to="us-gaap_BusinessAcquisitionAxis_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_BusinessAcquisitionAxis_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Business Acquisition [Axis]</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="abvcd-20190331.xsd#abvcd_BioLiteAndBioKeyMember" xlink:label="abvcd_BioLiteAndBioKeyMember" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="abvcd_BioLiteAndBioKeyMember" xlink:to="abvcd_BioLiteAndBioKeyMember_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="abvcd_BioLiteAndBioKeyMember_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">BioLite and BioKey [Member]</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="abvcd-20190331.xsd#abvcd_BriVisionAndBioFirstAgreementMember" xlink:label="abvcd_BriVisionAndBioFirstAgreementMember" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="abvcd_BriVisionAndBioFirstAgreementMember" xlink:to="abvcd_BriVisionAndBioFirstAgreementMember_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="abvcd_BriVisionAndBioFirstAgreementMember_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">BriVision and BioFirst Agreement [Member]</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="abvcd-20190331.xsd#abvcd_BioliteIncMember" xlink:label="abvcd_BioliteIncMember" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="abvcd_BioliteIncMember" xlink:to="abvcd_BioliteIncMember_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="abvcd_BioliteIncMember_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">BioLite, Inc., [Member]</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="abvcd-20190331.xsd#abvcd_EugeneJiangMember" xlink:label="abvcd_EugeneJiangMember" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="abvcd_EugeneJiangMember" xlink:to="abvcd_EugeneJiangMember_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="abvcd_EugeneJiangMember_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Eugene Jiang [Member]</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="abvcd-20190331.xsd#abvcd_BioKeyIncMember" xlink:label="abvcd_BioKeyIncMember" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="abvcd_BioKeyIncMember" xlink:to="abvcd_BioKeyIncMember_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="abvcd_BioKeyIncMember_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">BioKey Inc[Member]</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2019/dei-2019-01-31.xsd#dei_LegalEntityAxis" xlink:label="dei_LegalEntityAxis" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_LegalEntityAxis" xlink:to="dei_LegalEntityAxis_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="dei_LegalEntityAxis_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Legal Entity [Axis]</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="abvcd-20190331.xsd#abvcd_ABVCMember" xlink:label="abvcd_ABVCMember" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="abvcd_ABVCMember" xlink:to="abvcd_ABVCMember_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="abvcd_ABVCMember_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">ABVC [Member]</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/srt/2019/elts/srt-2019-01-31.xsd#srt_StatementScenarioAxis" xlink:label="srt_StatementScenarioAxis" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="srt_StatementScenarioAxis" xlink:to="srt_StatementScenarioAxis_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="srt_StatementScenarioAxis_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Scenario [Axis]</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="abvcd-20190331.xsd#abvcd_ProFormaAdjustmentMember" xlink:label="abvcd_ProFormaAdjustmentMember" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="abvcd_ProFormaAdjustmentMember" xlink:to="abvcd_ProFormaAdjustmentMember_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="abvcd_ProFormaAdjustmentMember_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Pro Forma Adjustment [Member]</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/srt/2019/elts/srt-2019-01-31.xsd#srt_ProFormaMember" xlink:label="srt_ProFormaMember" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="srt_ProFormaMember" xlink:to="srt_ProFormaMember_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="srt_ProFormaMember_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Pro Forma [Member]</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2019/elts/us-gaap-2019-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_StatementClassOfStockAxis" xlink:label="us-gaap_StatementClassOfStockAxis" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_StatementClassOfStockAxis" xlink:to="us-gaap_StatementClassOfStockAxis_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_StatementClassOfStockAxis_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Class of Stock [Axis]</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2019/elts/us-gaap-2019-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_SeriesAPreferredStockMember" xlink:label="us-gaap_SeriesAPreferredStockMember" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_SeriesAPreferredStockMember" xlink:to="us-gaap_SeriesAPreferredStockMember_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_SeriesAPreferredStockMember_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Series A [Member]</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2019/elts/us-gaap-2019-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_SeriesBPreferredStockMember" xlink:label="us-gaap_SeriesBPreferredStockMember" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_SeriesBPreferredStockMember" xlink:to="us-gaap_SeriesBPreferredStockMember_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_SeriesBPreferredStockMember_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Series B [Member]</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2019/elts/us-gaap-2019-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_SeriesCPreferredStockMember" xlink:label="us-gaap_SeriesCPreferredStockMember" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_SeriesCPreferredStockMember" xlink:to="us-gaap_SeriesCPreferredStockMember_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_SeriesCPreferredStockMember_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Series C [Member]</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="abvcd-20190331.xsd#abvcd_ReverseMergerMember" xlink:label="abvcd_ReverseMergerMember" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="abvcd_ReverseMergerMember" xlink:to="abvcd_ReverseMergerMember_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="abvcd_ReverseMergerMember_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Merger [Member]</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="abvcd-20190331.xsd#abvcd_BioLiteCollaborativeAgreementMember" xlink:label="abvcd_BioLiteCollaborativeAgreementMember" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="abvcd_BioLiteCollaborativeAgreementMember" xlink:to="abvcd_BioLiteCollaborativeAgreementMember_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="abvcd_BioLiteCollaborativeAgreementMember_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">BioLite Collaborative Agreement [Member]</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2019/elts/us-gaap-2019-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_SubsequentEventTypeAxis" xlink:label="us-gaap_SubsequentEventTypeAxis" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_SubsequentEventTypeAxis" xlink:to="us-gaap_SubsequentEventTypeAxis_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_SubsequentEventTypeAxis_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Subsequent Event Type [Axis]</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2019/elts/us-gaap-2019-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_SubsequentEventMember" xlink:label="us-gaap_SubsequentEventMember" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_SubsequentEventMember" xlink:to="us-gaap_SubsequentEventMember_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_SubsequentEventMember_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Subsequent Event [Member]</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/srt/2019/elts/srt-2019-01-31.xsd#srt_ProductOrServiceAxis" xlink:label="srt_ProductOrServiceAxis" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="srt_ProductOrServiceAxis" xlink:to="srt_ProductOrServiceAxis_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="srt_ProductOrServiceAxis_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Product and Service [Axis]</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="abvcd-20190331.xsd#abvcd_CathayBankMember" xlink:label="abvcd_CathayBankMember" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="abvcd_CathayBankMember" xlink:to="abvcd_CathayBankMember_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="abvcd_CathayBankMember_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Cathay Bank [Member]</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="abvcd-20190331.xsd#abvcd_DocumentAndEntityInformationAbstract" xlink:label="abvcd_DocumentAndEntityInformationAbstract" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="abvcd_DocumentAndEntityInformationAbstract" xlink:to="abvcd_DocumentAndEntityInformationAbstract_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="abvcd_DocumentAndEntityInformationAbstract_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Document and Entity Information [Abstract]</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2019/dei-2019-01-31.xsd#dei_EntityRegistrantName" xlink:label="dei_EntityRegistrantName" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_EntityRegistrantName" xlink:to="dei_EntityRegistrantName_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="dei_EntityRegistrantName_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Entity Registrant Name</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2019/dei-2019-01-31.xsd#dei_EntityCentralIndexKey" xlink:label="dei_EntityCentralIndexKey" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_EntityCentralIndexKey" xlink:to="dei_EntityCentralIndexKey_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="dei_EntityCentralIndexKey_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Entity Central Index Key</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2019/dei-2019-01-31.xsd#dei_AmendmentFlag" xlink:label="dei_AmendmentFlag" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_AmendmentFlag" xlink:to="dei_AmendmentFlag_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="dei_AmendmentFlag_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Amendment Flag</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2019/dei-2019-01-31.xsd#dei_DocumentType" xlink:label="dei_DocumentType" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_DocumentType" xlink:to="dei_DocumentType_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="dei_DocumentType_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Document Type</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2019/dei-2019-01-31.xsd#dei_DocumentPeriodEndDate" xlink:label="dei_DocumentPeriodEndDate" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_DocumentPeriodEndDate" xlink:to="dei_DocumentPeriodEndDate_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="dei_DocumentPeriodEndDate_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Document Period End Date</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2019/dei-2019-01-31.xsd#dei_EntityFilerCategory" xlink:label="dei_EntityFilerCategory" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_EntityFilerCategory" xlink:to="dei_EntityFilerCategory_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="dei_EntityFilerCategory_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Entity Filer Category</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2019/dei-2019-01-31.xsd#dei_EntityExTransitionPeriod" xlink:label="dei_EntityExTransitionPeriod" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_EntityExTransitionPeriod" xlink:to="dei_EntityExTransitionPeriod_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="dei_EntityExTransitionPeriod_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Entity Ex Transition Period</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2019/dei-2019-01-31.xsd#dei_EntitySmallBusiness" xlink:label="dei_EntitySmallBusiness" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_EntitySmallBusiness" xlink:to="dei_EntitySmallBusiness_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="dei_EntitySmallBusiness_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Entity Small Business</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2019/dei-2019-01-31.xsd#dei_EntityEmergingGrowthCompany" xlink:label="dei_EntityEmergingGrowthCompany" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_EntityEmergingGrowthCompany" xlink:to="dei_EntityEmergingGrowthCompany_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="dei_EntityEmergingGrowthCompany_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Entity Emerging Growth Company</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2019/elts/us-gaap-2019-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_StatementOfFinancialPositionAbstract" xlink:label="us-gaap_StatementOfFinancialPositionAbstract" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_StatementOfFinancialPositionAbstract" xlink:to="us-gaap_StatementOfFinancialPositionAbstract_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_StatementOfFinancialPositionAbstract_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Statement of Financial Position [Abstract]</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2019/elts/us-gaap-2019-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_AssetsAbstract" xlink:label="us-gaap_AssetsAbstract" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_AssetsAbstract" xlink:to="us-gaap_AssetsAbstract_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_AssetsAbstract_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Assets</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2019/elts/us-gaap-2019-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_AssetsCurrentAbstract" xlink:label="us-gaap_AssetsCurrentAbstract" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_AssetsCurrentAbstract" xlink:to="us-gaap_AssetsCurrentAbstract_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_AssetsCurrentAbstract_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Current Assets</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2019/elts/us-gaap-2019-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_CashAndCashEquivalentsAtCarryingValue" xlink:label="us-gaap_CashAndCashEquivalentsAtCarryingValue" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_CashAndCashEquivalentsAtCarryingValue" xlink:to="us-gaap_CashAndCashEquivalentsAtCarryingValue_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_CashAndCashEquivalentsAtCarryingValue_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Cash and cash equivalents</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2019/elts/us-gaap-2019-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_RestrictedCashAndCashEquivalents" xlink:label="us-gaap_RestrictedCashAndCashEquivalents" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_RestrictedCashAndCashEquivalents" xlink:to="us-gaap_RestrictedCashAndCashEquivalents_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_RestrictedCashAndCashEquivalents_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Restricted cash and cash equivalents</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2019/elts/us-gaap-2019-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_DueFromRelatedPartiesCurrent" xlink:label="us-gaap_DueFromRelatedPartiesCurrent" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_DueFromRelatedPartiesCurrent" xlink:to="us-gaap_DueFromRelatedPartiesCurrent_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_DueFromRelatedPartiesCurrent_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Receivable from collaboration partners - related parties</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2019/elts/us-gaap-2019-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_AccountsReceivableNet" xlink:label="us-gaap_AccountsReceivableNet" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_AccountsReceivableNet" xlink:to="us-gaap_AccountsReceivableNet_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_AccountsReceivableNet_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Accounts receivable, net</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="abvcd-20190331.xsd#abvcd_AccountsReceivableRelatedPartiesNet" xlink:label="abvcd_AccountsReceivableRelatedPartiesNet" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="abvcd_AccountsReceivableRelatedPartiesNet" xlink:to="abvcd_AccountsReceivableRelatedPartiesNet_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="abvcd_AccountsReceivableRelatedPartiesNet_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Accounts receivable - related parties, net</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2019/elts/us-gaap-2019-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_OtherAssets" xlink:label="us-gaap_OtherAssets" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_OtherAssets" xlink:to="us-gaap_OtherAssets_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_OtherAssets_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Other receivable</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2019/elts/us-gaap-2019-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_NotesReceivableRelatedPartiesCurrent" xlink:label="us-gaap_NotesReceivableRelatedPartiesCurrent" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_NotesReceivableRelatedPartiesCurrent" xlink:to="us-gaap_NotesReceivableRelatedPartiesCurrent_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_NotesReceivableRelatedPartiesCurrent_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Due from related parties</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2019/elts/us-gaap-2019-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_InventoryNet" xlink:label="us-gaap_InventoryNet" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_InventoryNet" xlink:to="us-gaap_InventoryNet_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_InventoryNet_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Inventory</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2019/elts/us-gaap-2019-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_PrepaidExpenseCurrent" xlink:label="us-gaap_PrepaidExpenseCurrent" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_PrepaidExpenseCurrent" xlink:to="us-gaap_PrepaidExpenseCurrent_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_PrepaidExpenseCurrent_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Prepaid expense and other current assets</link:label>
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      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_AssetsCurrent" xlink:to="us-gaap_AssetsCurrent_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/totalLabel" xlink:label="us-gaap_AssetsCurrent_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Total Current Assets</link:label>
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      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_PropertyPlantAndEquipmentNet" xlink:to="us-gaap_PropertyPlantAndEquipmentNet_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_PropertyPlantAndEquipmentNet_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Property and equipment, net</link:label>
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      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_OperatingLeaseRightOfUseAsset_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Operating lease right-of-use assets</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2019/elts/us-gaap-2019-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_Goodwill" xlink:label="us-gaap_Goodwill" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_Goodwill" xlink:to="us-gaap_Goodwill_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_Goodwill_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Goodwill, net</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2019/elts/us-gaap-2019-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_LongTermInvestments" xlink:label="us-gaap_LongTermInvestments" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_LongTermInvestments" xlink:to="us-gaap_LongTermInvestments_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_LongTermInvestments_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Long-term investments</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2019/elts/us-gaap-2019-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_DeferredTaxAssetsLiabilitiesNetNoncurrent" xlink:label="us-gaap_DeferredTaxAssetsLiabilitiesNetNoncurrent" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_DeferredTaxAssetsLiabilitiesNetNoncurrent" xlink:to="us-gaap_DeferredTaxAssetsLiabilitiesNetNoncurrent_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_DeferredTaxAssetsLiabilitiesNetNoncurrent_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Deferred tax assets</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2019/elts/us-gaap-2019-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_PrepaidExpenseNoncurrent" xlink:label="us-gaap_PrepaidExpenseNoncurrent" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_PrepaidExpenseNoncurrent" xlink:to="us-gaap_PrepaidExpenseNoncurrent_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_PrepaidExpenseNoncurrent_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Prepaid expenses - noncurrent</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2019/elts/us-gaap-2019-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_DepositsAssets" xlink:label="us-gaap_DepositsAssets" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_DepositsAssets" xlink:to="us-gaap_DepositsAssets_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_DepositsAssets_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Security deposits</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2019/elts/us-gaap-2019-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_Assets" xlink:label="us-gaap_Assets" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_Assets" xlink:to="us-gaap_Assets_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/totalLabel" xlink:label="us-gaap_Assets_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Total Assets</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2019/elts/us-gaap-2019-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_LiabilitiesAndStockholdersEquityAbstract" xlink:label="us-gaap_LiabilitiesAndStockholdersEquityAbstract" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_LiabilitiesAndStockholdersEquityAbstract" xlink:to="us-gaap_LiabilitiesAndStockholdersEquityAbstract_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_LiabilitiesAndStockholdersEquityAbstract_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">LIABILITIES AND EQUITY</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2019/elts/us-gaap-2019-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_LiabilitiesCurrentAbstract" xlink:label="us-gaap_LiabilitiesCurrentAbstract" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_LiabilitiesCurrentAbstract" xlink:to="us-gaap_LiabilitiesCurrentAbstract_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_LiabilitiesCurrentAbstract_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Current Liabilities</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2019/elts/us-gaap-2019-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_AccountsPayableCurrent" xlink:label="us-gaap_AccountsPayableCurrent" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_AccountsPayableCurrent" xlink:to="us-gaap_AccountsPayableCurrent_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_AccountsPayableCurrent_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Accounts payable</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2019/elts/us-gaap-2019-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_ShortTermBankLoansAndNotesPayable" xlink:label="us-gaap_ShortTermBankLoansAndNotesPayable" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_ShortTermBankLoansAndNotesPayable" xlink:to="us-gaap_ShortTermBankLoansAndNotesPayable_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_ShortTermBankLoansAndNotesPayable_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Short-term bank loan</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2019/elts/us-gaap-2019-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_LoansPayableToBankCurrent" xlink:label="us-gaap_LoansPayableToBankCurrent" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_LoansPayableToBankCurrent" xlink:to="us-gaap_LoansPayableToBankCurrent_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_LoansPayableToBankCurrent_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Long-term bank loan - current portion</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2019/elts/us-gaap-2019-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_NotesPayableCurrent" xlink:label="us-gaap_NotesPayableCurrent" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_NotesPayableCurrent" xlink:to="us-gaap_NotesPayableCurrent_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_NotesPayableCurrent_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Notes payable</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2019/elts/us-gaap-2019-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_AccountsPayableAndOtherAccruedLiabilitiesCurrent" xlink:label="us-gaap_AccountsPayableAndOtherAccruedLiabilitiesCurrent" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_AccountsPayableAndOtherAccruedLiabilitiesCurrent" xlink:to="us-gaap_AccountsPayableAndOtherAccruedLiabilitiesCurrent_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_AccountsPayableAndOtherAccruedLiabilitiesCurrent_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Accrued expenses and other current liabilities</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2019/elts/us-gaap-2019-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_AccruedLiabilitiesCurrentAndNoncurrent" xlink:label="us-gaap_AccruedLiabilitiesCurrentAndNoncurrent" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_AccruedLiabilitiesCurrentAndNoncurrent" xlink:to="us-gaap_AccruedLiabilitiesCurrentAndNoncurrent_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_AccruedLiabilitiesCurrentAndNoncurrent_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Accrued expense</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2019/elts/us-gaap-2019-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_OperatingLeaseLiabilityCurrent" xlink:label="us-gaap_OperatingLeaseLiabilityCurrent" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_OperatingLeaseLiabilityCurrent" xlink:to="us-gaap_OperatingLeaseLiabilityCurrent_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_OperatingLeaseLiabilityCurrent_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Operating lease liability - current portion</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2019/elts/us-gaap-2019-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_DueToRelatedPartiesCurrentAndNoncurrent" xlink:label="us-gaap_DueToRelatedPartiesCurrentAndNoncurrent" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_DueToRelatedPartiesCurrentAndNoncurrent" xlink:to="us-gaap_DueToRelatedPartiesCurrentAndNoncurrent_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_DueToRelatedPartiesCurrentAndNoncurrent_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Due to related parties</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2019/elts/us-gaap-2019-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_ConvertibleNotesPayableCurrent" xlink:label="us-gaap_ConvertibleNotesPayableCurrent" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_ConvertibleNotesPayableCurrent" xlink:to="us-gaap_ConvertibleNotesPayableCurrent_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_ConvertibleNotesPayableCurrent_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Convertible notes payable - current portion</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2019/elts/us-gaap-2019-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_NotesPayableRelatedPartiesClassifiedCurrent" xlink:label="us-gaap_NotesPayableRelatedPartiesClassifiedCurrent" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_NotesPayableRelatedPartiesClassifiedCurrent" xlink:to="us-gaap_NotesPayableRelatedPartiesClassifiedCurrent_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_NotesPayableRelatedPartiesClassifiedCurrent_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Convertible notes payable - related parties, current portion</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2019/elts/us-gaap-2019-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_LiabilitiesCurrent" xlink:label="us-gaap_LiabilitiesCurrent" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_LiabilitiesCurrent" xlink:to="us-gaap_LiabilitiesCurrent_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/totalLabel" xlink:label="us-gaap_LiabilitiesCurrent_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Total Current Liabilities</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2019/elts/us-gaap-2019-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_LiabilitiesNoncurrentAbstract" xlink:label="us-gaap_LiabilitiesNoncurrentAbstract" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_LiabilitiesNoncurrentAbstract" xlink:to="us-gaap_LiabilitiesNoncurrentAbstract_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_LiabilitiesNoncurrentAbstract_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Noncurrent Liabilities</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2019/elts/us-gaap-2019-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_LongTermLoansFromBank" xlink:label="us-gaap_LongTermLoansFromBank" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_LongTermLoansFromBank" xlink:to="us-gaap_LongTermLoansFromBank_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_LongTermLoansFromBank_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Long-term bank loan</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2019/elts/us-gaap-2019-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_SecurityDepositLiability" xlink:label="us-gaap_SecurityDepositLiability" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_SecurityDepositLiability" xlink:to="us-gaap_SecurityDepositLiability_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_SecurityDepositLiability_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Tenant security deposit</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2019/elts/us-gaap-2019-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_OperatingLeaseLiabilityNoncurrent" xlink:label="us-gaap_OperatingLeaseLiabilityNoncurrent" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_OperatingLeaseLiabilityNoncurrent" xlink:to="us-gaap_OperatingLeaseLiabilityNoncurrent_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_OperatingLeaseLiabilityNoncurrent_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Operating lease liability - noncurrent portion</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2019/elts/us-gaap-2019-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_NotesPayableRelatedPartiesNoncurrent" xlink:label="us-gaap_NotesPayableRelatedPartiesNoncurrent" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_NotesPayableRelatedPartiesNoncurrent" xlink:to="us-gaap_NotesPayableRelatedPartiesNoncurrent_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_NotesPayableRelatedPartiesNoncurrent_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Convertible notes payable - related parties</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="abvcd-20190331.xsd#abvcd_AccruedInterestNoncurrent" xlink:label="abvcd_AccruedInterestNoncurrent" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="abvcd_AccruedInterestNoncurrent" xlink:to="abvcd_AccruedInterestNoncurrent_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="abvcd_AccruedInterestNoncurrent_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Accrued interest</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2019/elts/us-gaap-2019-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_Liabilities" xlink:label="us-gaap_Liabilities" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_Liabilities" xlink:to="us-gaap_Liabilities_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/totalLabel" xlink:label="us-gaap_Liabilities_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Total Liabilities</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2019/elts/us-gaap-2019-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_CommitmentsAndContingencies" xlink:label="us-gaap_CommitmentsAndContingencies" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_CommitmentsAndContingencies" xlink:to="us-gaap_CommitmentsAndContingencies_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_CommitmentsAndContingencies_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Commitments and Contingencies</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2019/elts/us-gaap-2019-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_StockholdersEquityAbstract" xlink:label="us-gaap_StockholdersEquityAbstract" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_StockholdersEquityAbstract" xlink:to="us-gaap_StockholdersEquityAbstract_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_StockholdersEquityAbstract_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Equity</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2019/elts/us-gaap-2019-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_PreferredStockValue" xlink:label="us-gaap_PreferredStockValue" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_PreferredStockValue" xlink:to="us-gaap_PreferredStockValue_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_PreferredStockValue_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Preferred stock, $0.001 par value, 20,000,000 authorized, nil shares issued and outstanding</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2019/elts/us-gaap-2019-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_CommonStockValue" xlink:label="us-gaap_CommonStockValue" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_CommonStockValue" xlink:to="us-gaap_CommonStockValue_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_CommonStockValue_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Common stock, $0.001 par value, 20,000,000 authorized, 17,693,625 and 11,884,804 issued and outstanding</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2019/elts/us-gaap-2019-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_AdditionalPaidInCapital" xlink:label="us-gaap_AdditionalPaidInCapital" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_AdditionalPaidInCapital" xlink:to="us-gaap_AdditionalPaidInCapital_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_AdditionalPaidInCapital_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Additional paid-in capital</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2019/elts/us-gaap-2019-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_RetainedEarningsAccumulatedDeficit" xlink:label="us-gaap_RetainedEarningsAccumulatedDeficit" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_RetainedEarningsAccumulatedDeficit" xlink:to="us-gaap_RetainedEarningsAccumulatedDeficit_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_RetainedEarningsAccumulatedDeficit_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Accumulated deficit</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="abvcd-20190331.xsd#abvcd_OtherComprehensiveIncomes" xlink:label="abvcd_OtherComprehensiveIncomes" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="abvcd_OtherComprehensiveIncomes" xlink:to="abvcd_OtherComprehensiveIncomes_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="abvcd_OtherComprehensiveIncomes_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Other comprehensive income</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2019/elts/us-gaap-2019-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_TreasuryStockValue" xlink:label="us-gaap_TreasuryStockValue" />
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      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/negatedLabel" xlink:label="us-gaap_TreasuryStockValue_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Treasury stock</link:label>
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      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_MinorityInterest_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Noncontrolling interest</link:label>
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      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/totalLabel" xlink:label="us-gaap_StockholdersEquityIncludingPortionAttributableToNoncontrollingInterest_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Total Equity (Deficit)</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2019/elts/us-gaap-2019-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_LiabilitiesAndStockholdersEquity" xlink:label="us-gaap_LiabilitiesAndStockholdersEquity" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_LiabilitiesAndStockholdersEquity" xlink:to="us-gaap_LiabilitiesAndStockholdersEquity_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/totalLabel" xlink:label="us-gaap_LiabilitiesAndStockholdersEquity_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Total Liabilities and Equity (Deficit)</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2019/elts/us-gaap-2019-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_PreferredStockParOrStatedValuePerShare" xlink:label="us-gaap_PreferredStockParOrStatedValuePerShare" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_PreferredStockParOrStatedValuePerShare" xlink:to="us-gaap_PreferredStockParOrStatedValuePerShare_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_PreferredStockParOrStatedValuePerShare_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Preferred shares, par value</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2019/elts/us-gaap-2019-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_PreferredStockSharesAuthorized" xlink:label="us-gaap_PreferredStockSharesAuthorized" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_PreferredStockSharesAuthorized" xlink:to="us-gaap_PreferredStockSharesAuthorized_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_PreferredStockSharesAuthorized_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Preferred stock, shares authorized</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2019/elts/us-gaap-2019-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_PreferredStockSharesIssued" xlink:label="us-gaap_PreferredStockSharesIssued" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_PreferredStockSharesIssued" xlink:to="us-gaap_PreferredStockSharesIssued_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_PreferredStockSharesIssued_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Preferred stock, shares issued</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2019/elts/us-gaap-2019-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_PreferredStockSharesOutstanding" xlink:label="us-gaap_PreferredStockSharesOutstanding" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_PreferredStockSharesOutstanding" xlink:to="us-gaap_PreferredStockSharesOutstanding_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_PreferredStockSharesOutstanding_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Preferred stock, shares outstanding</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2019/elts/us-gaap-2019-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_CommonStockParOrStatedValuePerShare" xlink:label="us-gaap_CommonStockParOrStatedValuePerShare" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_CommonStockParOrStatedValuePerShare" xlink:to="us-gaap_CommonStockParOrStatedValuePerShare_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_CommonStockParOrStatedValuePerShare_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Common stock, par value</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2019/elts/us-gaap-2019-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_CommonStockSharesAuthorized" xlink:label="us-gaap_CommonStockSharesAuthorized" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_CommonStockSharesAuthorized" xlink:to="us-gaap_CommonStockSharesAuthorized_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_CommonStockSharesAuthorized_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Common stock, shares authorized</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2019/elts/us-gaap-2019-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_CommonStockSharesIssued" xlink:label="us-gaap_CommonStockSharesIssued" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_CommonStockSharesIssued" xlink:to="us-gaap_CommonStockSharesIssued_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_CommonStockSharesIssued_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Common stock, shares issued</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2019/elts/us-gaap-2019-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_CommonStockSharesOutstanding" xlink:label="us-gaap_CommonStockSharesOutstanding" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_CommonStockSharesOutstanding" xlink:to="us-gaap_CommonStockSharesOutstanding_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_CommonStockSharesOutstanding_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Common stock, shares outstanding</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2019/elts/us-gaap-2019-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_IncomeStatementAbstract" xlink:label="us-gaap_IncomeStatementAbstract" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_IncomeStatementAbstract" xlink:to="us-gaap_IncomeStatementAbstract_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_IncomeStatementAbstract_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Income Statement [Abstract]</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2019/elts/us-gaap-2019-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_Revenues" xlink:label="us-gaap_Revenues" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_Revenues" xlink:to="us-gaap_Revenues_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_Revenues_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Revenues</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2019/elts/us-gaap-2019-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_CostOfRevenue" xlink:label="us-gaap_CostOfRevenue" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_CostOfRevenue" xlink:to="us-gaap_CostOfRevenue_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_CostOfRevenue_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Cost of revenues</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2019/elts/us-gaap-2019-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_GrossProfit" xlink:label="us-gaap_GrossProfit" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_GrossProfit" xlink:to="us-gaap_GrossProfit_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/totalLabel" xlink:label="us-gaap_GrossProfit_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Gross profit</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2019/elts/us-gaap-2019-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_OperatingExpensesAbstract" xlink:label="us-gaap_OperatingExpensesAbstract" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_OperatingExpensesAbstract" xlink:to="us-gaap_OperatingExpensesAbstract_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_OperatingExpensesAbstract_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Operating expenses</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2019/elts/us-gaap-2019-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_SellingGeneralAndAdministrativeExpense" xlink:label="us-gaap_SellingGeneralAndAdministrativeExpense" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_SellingGeneralAndAdministrativeExpense" xlink:to="us-gaap_SellingGeneralAndAdministrativeExpense_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_SellingGeneralAndAdministrativeExpense_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Selling, general and administrative expenses</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2019/elts/us-gaap-2019-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_ResearchAndDevelopmentExpense" xlink:label="us-gaap_ResearchAndDevelopmentExpense" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_ResearchAndDevelopmentExpense" xlink:to="us-gaap_ResearchAndDevelopmentExpense_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_ResearchAndDevelopmentExpense_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Research and development expenses</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2019/elts/us-gaap-2019-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensation" xlink:label="us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensation" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensation" xlink:to="us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensation_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensation_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Stock based compensation</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2019/elts/us-gaap-2019-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_OperatingExpenses" xlink:label="us-gaap_OperatingExpenses" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_OperatingExpenses" xlink:to="us-gaap_OperatingExpenses_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/totalLabel" xlink:label="us-gaap_OperatingExpenses_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Total operating expenses</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2019/elts/us-gaap-2019-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_OperatingIncomeLoss" xlink:label="us-gaap_OperatingIncomeLoss" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_OperatingIncomeLoss" xlink:to="us-gaap_OperatingIncomeLoss_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/totalLabel" xlink:label="us-gaap_OperatingIncomeLoss_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Loss from operations</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2019/elts/us-gaap-2019-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_NonoperatingIncomeExpenseAbstract" xlink:label="us-gaap_NonoperatingIncomeExpenseAbstract" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_NonoperatingIncomeExpenseAbstract" xlink:to="us-gaap_NonoperatingIncomeExpenseAbstract_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_NonoperatingIncomeExpenseAbstract_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Other income (expense)</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2019/elts/us-gaap-2019-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_InvestmentIncomeInterest" xlink:label="us-gaap_InvestmentIncomeInterest" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_InvestmentIncomeInterest" xlink:to="us-gaap_InvestmentIncomeInterest_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_InvestmentIncomeInterest_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Interest income</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2019/elts/us-gaap-2019-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_InterestExpense" xlink:label="us-gaap_InterestExpense" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_InterestExpense" xlink:to="us-gaap_InterestExpense_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/negatedLabel" xlink:label="us-gaap_InterestExpense_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Interest expense</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2019/elts/us-gaap-2019-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_RentalIncomeNonoperating" xlink:label="us-gaap_RentalIncomeNonoperating" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_RentalIncomeNonoperating" xlink:to="us-gaap_RentalIncomeNonoperating_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_RentalIncomeNonoperating_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Rental income, net</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2019/elts/us-gaap-2019-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_GainLossOnInvestments" xlink:label="us-gaap_GainLossOnInvestments" />
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      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_GainLossOnInvestments_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Investment loss</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2019/elts/us-gaap-2019-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_ForeignCurrencyTransactionGainLossBeforeTax" xlink:label="us-gaap_ForeignCurrencyTransactionGainLossBeforeTax" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_ForeignCurrencyTransactionGainLossBeforeTax" xlink:to="us-gaap_ForeignCurrencyTransactionGainLossBeforeTax_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_ForeignCurrencyTransactionGainLossBeforeTax_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Gain (loss) on foreign exchange changes</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2019/elts/us-gaap-2019-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_EquitySecuritiesFvNiRealizedGainLoss" xlink:label="us-gaap_EquitySecuritiesFvNiRealizedGainLoss" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_EquitySecuritiesFvNiRealizedGainLoss" xlink:to="us-gaap_EquitySecuritiesFvNiRealizedGainLoss_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_EquitySecuritiesFvNiRealizedGainLoss_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Gain (loss) on investment in equity securities</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2019/elts/us-gaap-2019-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_OtherNonoperatingExpense" xlink:label="us-gaap_OtherNonoperatingExpense" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_OtherNonoperatingExpense" xlink:to="us-gaap_OtherNonoperatingExpense_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/negatedLabel" xlink:label="us-gaap_OtherNonoperatingExpense_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Other income (expense)</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2019/elts/us-gaap-2019-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_NonoperatingIncomeExpense" xlink:label="us-gaap_NonoperatingIncomeExpense" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_NonoperatingIncomeExpense" xlink:to="us-gaap_NonoperatingIncomeExpense_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/totalLabel" xlink:label="us-gaap_NonoperatingIncomeExpense_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Total other income (expenses)</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2019/elts/us-gaap-2019-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_IncomeLossFromContinuingOperationsBeforeIncomeTaxesExtraordinaryItemsNoncontrollingInterest" xlink:label="us-gaap_IncomeLossFromContinuingOperationsBeforeIncomeTaxesExtraordinaryItemsNoncontrollingInterest" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_IncomeLossFromContinuingOperationsBeforeIncomeTaxesExtraordinaryItemsNoncontrollingInterest" xlink:to="us-gaap_IncomeLossFromContinuingOperationsBeforeIncomeTaxesExtraordinaryItemsNoncontrollingInterest_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/totalLabel" xlink:label="us-gaap_IncomeLossFromContinuingOperationsBeforeIncomeTaxesExtraordinaryItemsNoncontrollingInterest_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Loss before provision for income tax (benefit)</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2019/elts/us-gaap-2019-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_IncomeTaxExpenseBenefit" xlink:label="us-gaap_IncomeTaxExpenseBenefit" />
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      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:label="us-gaap_IncomeTaxExpenseBenefit_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Provision for income tax (benefit)</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2019/elts/us-gaap-2019-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_NetIncomeLoss" xlink:label="us-gaap_NetIncomeLoss" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_NetIncomeLoss" xlink:to="us-gaap_NetIncomeLoss_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/totalLabel" xlink:label="us-gaap_NetIncomeLoss_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Net loss</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2019/elts/us-gaap-2019-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_IncomeLossFromContinuingOperationsAttributableToNoncontrollingEntity" xlink:label="us-gaap_IncomeLossFromContinuingOperationsAttributableToNoncontrollingEntity" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_IncomeLossFromContinuingOperationsAttributableToNoncontrollingEntity" xlink:to="us-gaap_IncomeLossFromContinuingOperationsAttributableToNoncontrollingEntity_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_IncomeLossFromContinuingOperationsAttributableToNoncontrollingEntity_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Net loss attributable to noncontrolling interests</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="abvcd-20190331.xsd#abvcd_NetLossAttributableToAbvcAndSubsidiaries" xlink:label="abvcd_NetLossAttributableToAbvcAndSubsidiaries" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="abvcd_NetLossAttributableToAbvcAndSubsidiaries" xlink:to="abvcd_NetLossAttributableToAbvcAndSubsidiaries_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/totalLabel" xlink:label="abvcd_NetLossAttributableToAbvcAndSubsidiaries_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Net loss attributable to ABVC and subsidiaries</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2019/elts/us-gaap-2019-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_OtherComprehensiveIncomeLossForeignCurrencyTransactionAndTranslationAdjustmentNetOfTax" xlink:label="us-gaap_OtherComprehensiveIncomeLossForeignCurrencyTransactionAndTranslationAdjustmentNetOfTax" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_OtherComprehensiveIncomeLossForeignCurrencyTransactionAndTranslationAdjustmentNetOfTax" xlink:to="us-gaap_OtherComprehensiveIncomeLossForeignCurrencyTransactionAndTranslationAdjustmentNetOfTax_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_OtherComprehensiveIncomeLossForeignCurrencyTransactionAndTranslationAdjustmentNetOfTax_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Foreign currency translation adjustment</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2019/elts/us-gaap-2019-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_ComprehensiveIncomeNetOfTax" xlink:label="us-gaap_ComprehensiveIncomeNetOfTax" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_ComprehensiveIncomeNetOfTax" xlink:to="us-gaap_ComprehensiveIncomeNetOfTax_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/totalLabel" xlink:label="us-gaap_ComprehensiveIncomeNetOfTax_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Comprehensive Income (Loss)</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2019/elts/us-gaap-2019-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_EarningsPerShareBasicAndDilutedAbstract" xlink:label="us-gaap_EarningsPerShareBasicAndDilutedAbstract" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_EarningsPerShareBasicAndDilutedAbstract" xlink:to="us-gaap_EarningsPerShareBasicAndDilutedAbstract_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_EarningsPerShareBasicAndDilutedAbstract_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Net loss per share attributable to common stockholders</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2019/elts/us-gaap-2019-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_EarningsPerShareBasicAndDiluted" xlink:label="us-gaap_EarningsPerShareBasicAndDiluted" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_EarningsPerShareBasicAndDiluted" xlink:to="us-gaap_EarningsPerShareBasicAndDiluted_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_EarningsPerShareBasicAndDiluted_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Basic and diluted</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2019/elts/us-gaap-2019-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_EarningsPerShareBasicAndDilutedOtherDisclosuresAbstract" xlink:label="us-gaap_EarningsPerShareBasicAndDilutedOtherDisclosuresAbstract" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_EarningsPerShareBasicAndDilutedOtherDisclosuresAbstract" xlink:to="us-gaap_EarningsPerShareBasicAndDilutedOtherDisclosuresAbstract_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_EarningsPerShareBasicAndDilutedOtherDisclosuresAbstract_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Weighted average number of common shares outstanding</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2019/elts/us-gaap-2019-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_WeightedAverageNumberOfShareOutstandingBasicAndDiluted" xlink:label="us-gaap_WeightedAverageNumberOfShareOutstandingBasicAndDiluted" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_WeightedAverageNumberOfShareOutstandingBasicAndDiluted" xlink:to="us-gaap_WeightedAverageNumberOfShareOutstandingBasicAndDiluted_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:label="us-gaap_WeightedAverageNumberOfShareOutstandingBasicAndDiluted_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Basic and diluted</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2019/elts/us-gaap-2019-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_StatementOfCashFlowsAbstract" xlink:label="us-gaap_StatementOfCashFlowsAbstract" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_StatementOfCashFlowsAbstract" xlink:to="us-gaap_StatementOfCashFlowsAbstract_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_StatementOfCashFlowsAbstract_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Statement of Cash Flows [Abstract]</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2019/elts/us-gaap-2019-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_NetCashProvidedByUsedInOperatingActivitiesAbstract" xlink:label="us-gaap_NetCashProvidedByUsedInOperatingActivitiesAbstract" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_NetCashProvidedByUsedInOperatingActivitiesAbstract" xlink:to="us-gaap_NetCashProvidedByUsedInOperatingActivitiesAbstract_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_NetCashProvidedByUsedInOperatingActivitiesAbstract_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Cash flows from operating activities</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_NetIncomeLoss" xlink:to="us-gaap_NetIncomeLoss_2_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:label="us-gaap_NetIncomeLoss_2_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Net loss</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2019/elts/us-gaap-2019-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_AdjustmentsToReconcileNetIncomeLossToCashProvidedByUsedInOperatingActivitiesAbstract" xlink:label="us-gaap_AdjustmentsToReconcileNetIncomeLossToCashProvidedByUsedInOperatingActivitiesAbstract" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_AdjustmentsToReconcileNetIncomeLossToCashProvidedByUsedInOperatingActivitiesAbstract" xlink:to="us-gaap_AdjustmentsToReconcileNetIncomeLossToCashProvidedByUsedInOperatingActivitiesAbstract_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_AdjustmentsToReconcileNetIncomeLossToCashProvidedByUsedInOperatingActivitiesAbstract_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Adjustments to reconcile net loss to net cash used in operating activities:</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2019/elts/us-gaap-2019-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_Depreciation" xlink:label="us-gaap_Depreciation" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_Depreciation" xlink:to="us-gaap_Depreciation_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_Depreciation_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Depreciation</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensation" xlink:to="us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensation_2_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:label="us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensation_2_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Stock-based compensation</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="abvcd-20190331.xsd#abvcd_OtherNoncashIncomeAndExpenses" xlink:label="abvcd_OtherNoncashIncomeAndExpenses" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="abvcd_OtherNoncashIncomeAndExpenses" xlink:to="abvcd_OtherNoncashIncomeAndExpenses_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="abvcd_OtherNoncashIncomeAndExpenses_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Other non-cash income and expenses</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2019/elts/us-gaap-2019-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_InventoryWriteDown" xlink:label="us-gaap_InventoryWriteDown" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_InventoryWriteDown" xlink:to="us-gaap_InventoryWriteDown_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:label="us-gaap_InventoryWriteDown_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Investment loss</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2019/elts/us-gaap-2019-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_LossOnSaleOfInvestments" xlink:label="us-gaap_LossOnSaleOfInvestments" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_LossOnSaleOfInvestments" xlink:to="us-gaap_LossOnSaleOfInvestments_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_LossOnSaleOfInvestments_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Loss on investment in equity securities</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2019/elts/us-gaap-2019-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_DeferredIncomeTaxExpenseBenefit" xlink:label="us-gaap_DeferredIncomeTaxExpenseBenefit" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_DeferredIncomeTaxExpenseBenefit" xlink:to="us-gaap_DeferredIncomeTaxExpenseBenefit_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_DeferredIncomeTaxExpenseBenefit_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Deferred tax</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2019/elts/us-gaap-2019-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseInOperatingCapitalAbstract" xlink:label="us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseInOperatingCapitalAbstract" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseInOperatingCapitalAbstract" xlink:to="us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseInOperatingCapitalAbstract_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseInOperatingCapitalAbstract_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Changes in assets and liabilities:</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2019/elts/us-gaap-2019-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseInAccountsReceivable" xlink:label="us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseInAccountsReceivable" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseInAccountsReceivable" xlink:to="us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseInAccountsReceivable_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/negatedLabel" xlink:label="us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseInAccountsReceivable_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Decrease (increase) in accounts receivable</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2019/elts/us-gaap-2019-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseInAccountsReceivableAndOtherOperatingAssets" xlink:label="us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseInAccountsReceivableAndOtherOperatingAssets" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseInAccountsReceivableAndOtherOperatingAssets" xlink:to="us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseInAccountsReceivableAndOtherOperatingAssets_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/negatedLabel" xlink:label="us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseInAccountsReceivableAndOtherOperatingAssets_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Decrease (increase) in prepaid expenses and deposits</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2019/elts/us-gaap-2019-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseInAccountsAndOtherReceivables" xlink:label="us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseInAccountsAndOtherReceivables" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseInAccountsAndOtherReceivables" xlink:to="us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseInAccountsAndOtherReceivables_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/negatedLabel" xlink:label="us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseInAccountsAndOtherReceivables_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Decrease (increase) in other receivable</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2019/elts/us-gaap-2019-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseDueFromOtherRelatedParties" xlink:label="us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseDueFromOtherRelatedParties" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseDueFromOtherRelatedParties" xlink:to="us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseDueFromOtherRelatedParties_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/negatedLabel" xlink:label="us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseDueFromOtherRelatedParties_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Decrease (increase) in due from related parties</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2019/elts/us-gaap-2019-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseInInventories" xlink:label="us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseInInventories" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseInInventories" xlink:to="us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseInInventories_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/negatedLabel" xlink:label="us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseInInventories_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Decrease (increase) in inventory</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2019/elts/us-gaap-2019-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseInAccountsPayable" xlink:label="us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseInAccountsPayable" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseInAccountsPayable" xlink:to="us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseInAccountsPayable_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseInAccountsPayable_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Increase (decrease) in accounts payable</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2019/elts/us-gaap-2019-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseInOtherCurrentLiabilities" xlink:label="us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseInOtherCurrentLiabilities" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseInOtherCurrentLiabilities" xlink:to="us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseInOtherCurrentLiabilities_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseInOtherCurrentLiabilities_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Increase (decrease) in accrued expenses and other current liabilities</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2019/elts/us-gaap-2019-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseInDueToRelatedParties" xlink:label="us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseInDueToRelatedParties" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseInDueToRelatedParties" xlink:to="us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseInDueToRelatedParties_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseInDueToRelatedParties_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Increase (decrease) in due to related parties</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2019/elts/us-gaap-2019-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_NetCashProvidedByUsedInOperatingActivities" xlink:label="us-gaap_NetCashProvidedByUsedInOperatingActivities" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_NetCashProvidedByUsedInOperatingActivities" xlink:to="us-gaap_NetCashProvidedByUsedInOperatingActivities_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/totalLabel" xlink:label="us-gaap_NetCashProvidedByUsedInOperatingActivities_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Net cash used in operating activities</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2019/elts/us-gaap-2019-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_NetCashProvidedByUsedInInvestingActivitiesAbstract" xlink:label="us-gaap_NetCashProvidedByUsedInInvestingActivitiesAbstract" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_NetCashProvidedByUsedInInvestingActivitiesAbstract" xlink:to="us-gaap_NetCashProvidedByUsedInInvestingActivitiesAbstract_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_NetCashProvidedByUsedInInvestingActivitiesAbstract_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Cash flows from investing activities</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2019/elts/us-gaap-2019-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_PaymentsToAcquireInvestments" xlink:label="us-gaap_PaymentsToAcquireInvestments" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_PaymentsToAcquireInvestments" xlink:to="us-gaap_PaymentsToAcquireInvestments_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/negatedLabel" xlink:label="us-gaap_PaymentsToAcquireInvestments_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Long-term equity investment</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2019/elts/us-gaap-2019-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_NetCashProvidedByUsedInInvestingActivities" xlink:label="us-gaap_NetCashProvidedByUsedInInvestingActivities" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_NetCashProvidedByUsedInInvestingActivities" xlink:to="us-gaap_NetCashProvidedByUsedInInvestingActivities_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/totalLabel" xlink:label="us-gaap_NetCashProvidedByUsedInInvestingActivities_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Net cash used in investing activities</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2019/elts/us-gaap-2019-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_NetCashProvidedByUsedInFinancingActivitiesAbstract" xlink:label="us-gaap_NetCashProvidedByUsedInFinancingActivitiesAbstract" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_NetCashProvidedByUsedInFinancingActivitiesAbstract" xlink:to="us-gaap_NetCashProvidedByUsedInFinancingActivitiesAbstract_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_NetCashProvidedByUsedInFinancingActivitiesAbstract_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Cash flows from financing activities</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2019/elts/us-gaap-2019-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_ProceedsFromIssuanceOfCommonStock" xlink:label="us-gaap_ProceedsFromIssuanceOfCommonStock" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_ProceedsFromIssuanceOfCommonStock" xlink:to="us-gaap_ProceedsFromIssuanceOfCommonStock_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_ProceedsFromIssuanceOfCommonStock_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Issuance of common stock for acquisition</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2019/elts/us-gaap-2019-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_ProceedsFromBankDebt" xlink:label="us-gaap_ProceedsFromBankDebt" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_ProceedsFromBankDebt" xlink:to="us-gaap_ProceedsFromBankDebt_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_ProceedsFromBankDebt_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Net proceeds from short-term bank loan</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2019/elts/us-gaap-2019-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_ProceedsFromOtherShortTermDebt" xlink:label="us-gaap_ProceedsFromOtherShortTermDebt" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_ProceedsFromOtherShortTermDebt" xlink:to="us-gaap_ProceedsFromOtherShortTermDebt_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_ProceedsFromOtherShortTermDebt_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Net proceeds from short-term borrowing from third-parties</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="abvcd-20190331.xsd#abvcd_CapitalContributionFromRelatedPartiesUnderCommonControl" xlink:label="abvcd_CapitalContributionFromRelatedPartiesUnderCommonControl" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="abvcd_CapitalContributionFromRelatedPartiesUnderCommonControl" xlink:to="abvcd_CapitalContributionFromRelatedPartiesUnderCommonControl_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/negatedLabel" xlink:label="abvcd_CapitalContributionFromRelatedPartiesUnderCommonControl_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Capital contribution from related parties under common control</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2019/elts/us-gaap-2019-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_ProceedsFromConvertibleDebt" xlink:label="us-gaap_ProceedsFromConvertibleDebt" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_ProceedsFromConvertibleDebt" xlink:to="us-gaap_ProceedsFromConvertibleDebt_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_ProceedsFromConvertibleDebt_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Proceeds from convertible notes</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2019/elts/us-gaap-2019-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_ProceedsFromRelatedPartyDebt" xlink:label="us-gaap_ProceedsFromRelatedPartyDebt" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_ProceedsFromRelatedPartyDebt" xlink:to="us-gaap_ProceedsFromRelatedPartyDebt_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_ProceedsFromRelatedPartyDebt_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Borrowings from related parties</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2019/elts/us-gaap-2019-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_RepaymentsOfRelatedPartyDebt" xlink:label="us-gaap_RepaymentsOfRelatedPartyDebt" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_RepaymentsOfRelatedPartyDebt" xlink:to="us-gaap_RepaymentsOfRelatedPartyDebt_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/negatedLabel" xlink:label="us-gaap_RepaymentsOfRelatedPartyDebt_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Repayment of borrowings from related parties</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2019/elts/us-gaap-2019-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_RepaymentsOfBankDebt" xlink:label="us-gaap_RepaymentsOfBankDebt" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_RepaymentsOfBankDebt" xlink:to="us-gaap_RepaymentsOfBankDebt_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/negatedLabel" xlink:label="us-gaap_RepaymentsOfBankDebt_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Repayment of bank loans</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2019/elts/us-gaap-2019-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_NetCashProvidedByUsedInFinancingActivities" xlink:label="us-gaap_NetCashProvidedByUsedInFinancingActivities" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_NetCashProvidedByUsedInFinancingActivities" xlink:to="us-gaap_NetCashProvidedByUsedInFinancingActivities_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/totalLabel" xlink:label="us-gaap_NetCashProvidedByUsedInFinancingActivities_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Net cash provided by financing activities</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2019/elts/us-gaap-2019-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_EffectOfExchangeRateOnCashAndCashEquivalents" xlink:label="us-gaap_EffectOfExchangeRateOnCashAndCashEquivalents" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_EffectOfExchangeRateOnCashAndCashEquivalents" xlink:to="us-gaap_EffectOfExchangeRateOnCashAndCashEquivalents_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_EffectOfExchangeRateOnCashAndCashEquivalents_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Effect of exchange rate changes on cash and cash equivalents</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2019/elts/us-gaap-2019-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_CashAndCashEquivalentsPeriodIncreaseDecrease" xlink:label="us-gaap_CashAndCashEquivalentsPeriodIncreaseDecrease" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_CashAndCashEquivalentsPeriodIncreaseDecrease" xlink:to="us-gaap_CashAndCashEquivalentsPeriodIncreaseDecrease_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/totalLabel" xlink:label="us-gaap_CashAndCashEquivalentsPeriodIncreaseDecrease_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Net increase (decrease) in cash, cash equivalents, and restricted cash equivalents</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2019/elts/us-gaap-2019-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_CashAndCashEquivalentsAbstract" xlink:label="us-gaap_CashAndCashEquivalentsAbstract" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_CashAndCashEquivalentsAbstract" xlink:to="us-gaap_CashAndCashEquivalentsAbstract_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_CashAndCashEquivalentsAbstract_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Cash, cash equivalents, and restricted cash equivalents</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_CashAndCashEquivalentsAtCarryingValue" xlink:to="us-gaap_CashAndCashEquivalentsAtCarryingValue_2_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/periodStartLabel" xlink:label="us-gaap_CashAndCashEquivalentsAtCarryingValue_2_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Beginning</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_CashAndCashEquivalentsAtCarryingValue" xlink:to="us-gaap_CashAndCashEquivalentsAtCarryingValue_3_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/periodEndLabel" xlink:label="us-gaap_CashAndCashEquivalentsAtCarryingValue_3_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Ending</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2019/elts/us-gaap-2019-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_SupplementalCashFlowInformationAbstract" xlink:label="us-gaap_SupplementalCashFlowInformationAbstract" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_SupplementalCashFlowInformationAbstract" xlink:to="us-gaap_SupplementalCashFlowInformationAbstract_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_SupplementalCashFlowInformationAbstract_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Supplemental disclosure of cash flows</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="abvcd-20190331.xsd#abvcd_CashPaidDuringYearForAbstract" xlink:label="abvcd_CashPaidDuringYearForAbstract" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="abvcd_CashPaidDuringYearForAbstract" xlink:to="abvcd_CashPaidDuringYearForAbstract_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="abvcd_CashPaidDuringYearForAbstract_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Cash paid during the year for:</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2019/elts/us-gaap-2019-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_IncomeTaxesPaidNet" xlink:label="us-gaap_IncomeTaxesPaidNet" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_IncomeTaxesPaidNet" xlink:to="us-gaap_IncomeTaxesPaidNet_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_IncomeTaxesPaidNet_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Income tax</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2019/elts/us-gaap-2019-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_InterestPaidNet" xlink:label="us-gaap_InterestPaidNet" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_InterestPaidNet" xlink:to="us-gaap_InterestPaidNet_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_InterestPaidNet_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Interest expense</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2019/elts/us-gaap-2019-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_CashFlowNoncashInvestingAndFinancingActivitiesDisclosureAbstract" xlink:label="us-gaap_CashFlowNoncashInvestingAndFinancingActivitiesDisclosureAbstract" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_CashFlowNoncashInvestingAndFinancingActivitiesDisclosureAbstract" xlink:to="us-gaap_CashFlowNoncashInvestingAndFinancingActivitiesDisclosureAbstract_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_CashFlowNoncashInvestingAndFinancingActivitiesDisclosureAbstract_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Non-cash financing and investing activities</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="abvcd-20190331.xsd#abvcd_CommonSharesIssuedForEmployeesAndConsultants" xlink:label="abvcd_CommonSharesIssuedForEmployeesAndConsultants" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="abvcd_CommonSharesIssuedForEmployeesAndConsultants" xlink:to="abvcd_CommonSharesIssuedForEmployeesAndConsultants_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="abvcd_CommonSharesIssuedForEmployeesAndConsultants_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Common shares issued for employees and consultants</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="abvcd-20190331.xsd#abvcd_CommonSharesIssuedForDueToRelatedParties" xlink:label="abvcd_CommonSharesIssuedForDueToRelatedParties" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="abvcd_CommonSharesIssuedForDueToRelatedParties" xlink:to="abvcd_CommonSharesIssuedForDueToRelatedParties_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="abvcd_CommonSharesIssuedForDueToRelatedParties_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Common shares issued for due to related parties</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="abvcd-20190331.xsd#abvcd_CapitalContributionFromRelatedPartiesUnderCommonControls" xlink:label="abvcd_CapitalContributionFromRelatedPartiesUnderCommonControls" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="abvcd_CapitalContributionFromRelatedPartiesUnderCommonControls" xlink:to="abvcd_CapitalContributionFromRelatedPartiesUnderCommonControls_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="abvcd_CapitalContributionFromRelatedPartiesUnderCommonControls_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Capital contribution from related parties under common control</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2019/elts/us-gaap-2019-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_StatementTable" xlink:label="us-gaap_StatementTable" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_StatementTable" xlink:to="us-gaap_StatementTable_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_StatementTable_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Statement [Table]</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2019/elts/us-gaap-2019-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_StatementLineItems" xlink:label="us-gaap_StatementLineItems" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_StatementLineItems" xlink:to="us-gaap_StatementLineItems_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_StatementLineItems_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Statement [Line Items]</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_AdditionalPaidInCapitalMember" xlink:to="us-gaap_AdditionalPaidInCapitalMember_2_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:label="us-gaap_AdditionalPaidInCapitalMember_2_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Additional Paid-in Capital</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_RetainedEarningsMember" xlink:to="us-gaap_RetainedEarningsMember_2_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:label="us-gaap_RetainedEarningsMember_2_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Accumulated Deficit</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_ComprehensiveIncomeMember" xlink:to="us-gaap_ComprehensiveIncomeMember_2_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:label="us-gaap_ComprehensiveIncomeMember_2_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Comprehensive Income</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_StockholdersEquityIncludingPortionAttributableToNoncontrollingInterest" xlink:to="us-gaap_StockholdersEquityIncludingPortionAttributableToNoncontrollingInterest_2_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/periodStartLabel" xlink:label="us-gaap_StockholdersEquityIncludingPortionAttributableToNoncontrollingInterest_2_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Balance</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2019/elts/us-gaap-2019-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_SharesOutstanding" xlink:label="us-gaap_SharesOutstanding" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_SharesOutstanding" xlink:to="us-gaap_SharesOutstanding_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/periodStartLabel" xlink:label="us-gaap_SharesOutstanding_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Balance, Shares</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2019/elts/us-gaap-2019-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_StockIssuedDuringPeriodValueNewIssues" xlink:label="us-gaap_StockIssuedDuringPeriodValueNewIssues" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_StockIssuedDuringPeriodValueNewIssues" xlink:to="us-gaap_StockIssuedDuringPeriodValueNewIssues_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_StockIssuedDuringPeriodValueNewIssues_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Issuance of common shares</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2019/elts/us-gaap-2019-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_StockIssuedDuringPeriodSharesNewIssues" xlink:label="us-gaap_StockIssuedDuringPeriodSharesNewIssues" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_StockIssuedDuringPeriodSharesNewIssues" xlink:to="us-gaap_StockIssuedDuringPeriodSharesNewIssues_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_StockIssuedDuringPeriodSharesNewIssues_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Issuance of common shares, Shares</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2019/elts/us-gaap-2019-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_RestructuringReserveAccrualAdjustment1" xlink:label="us-gaap_RestructuringReserveAccrualAdjustment1" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_RestructuringReserveAccrualAdjustment1" xlink:to="us-gaap_RestructuringReserveAccrualAdjustment1_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_RestructuringReserveAccrualAdjustment1_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Effects from restructuring</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="abvcd-20190331.xsd#abvcd_RestructuringReserveAccrualAdjustment1Shares" xlink:label="abvcd_RestructuringReserveAccrualAdjustment1Shares" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="abvcd_RestructuringReserveAccrualAdjustment1Shares" xlink:to="abvcd_RestructuringReserveAccrualAdjustment1Shares_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="abvcd_RestructuringReserveAccrualAdjustment1Shares_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Effects from restructuring, Shares</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2019/elts/us-gaap-2019-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_StockIssuedDuringPeriodValueShareBasedCompensation" xlink:label="us-gaap_StockIssuedDuringPeriodValueShareBasedCompensation" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_StockIssuedDuringPeriodValueShareBasedCompensation" xlink:to="us-gaap_StockIssuedDuringPeriodValueShareBasedCompensation_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:label="us-gaap_StockIssuedDuringPeriodValueShareBasedCompensation_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Stock based compensation</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="abvcd-20190331.xsd#abvcd_StockIssuedDuringPeriodCapitalContributionFromRelatedPartiesUnderCommonControl" xlink:label="abvcd_StockIssuedDuringPeriodCapitalContributionFromRelatedPartiesUnderCommonControl" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="abvcd_StockIssuedDuringPeriodCapitalContributionFromRelatedPartiesUnderCommonControl" xlink:to="abvcd_StockIssuedDuringPeriodCapitalContributionFromRelatedPartiesUnderCommonControl_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:label="abvcd_StockIssuedDuringPeriodCapitalContributionFromRelatedPartiesUnderCommonControl_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Capital contribution from related parties under common control</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_NetIncomeLoss" xlink:to="us-gaap_NetIncomeLoss_3_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_NetIncomeLoss_3_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Net loss for the period</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="abvcd-20190331.xsd#abvcd_CumulativeTransactionAdjustments" xlink:label="abvcd_CumulativeTransactionAdjustments" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="abvcd_CumulativeTransactionAdjustments" xlink:to="abvcd_CumulativeTransactionAdjustments_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="abvcd_CumulativeTransactionAdjustments_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Cumulative transaction adjustments</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_StockholdersEquityIncludingPortionAttributableToNoncontrollingInterest" xlink:to="us-gaap_StockholdersEquityIncludingPortionAttributableToNoncontrollingInterest_3_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/periodEndLabel" xlink:label="us-gaap_StockholdersEquityIncludingPortionAttributableToNoncontrollingInterest_3_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Balance</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_SharesOutstanding" xlink:to="us-gaap_SharesOutstanding_2_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/periodEndLabel" xlink:label="us-gaap_SharesOutstanding_2_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Balance, Shares</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2019/elts/us-gaap-2019-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_OrganizationConsolidationAndPresentationOfFinancialStatementsAbstract" xlink:label="us-gaap_OrganizationConsolidationAndPresentationOfFinancialStatementsAbstract" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_OrganizationConsolidationAndPresentationOfFinancialStatementsAbstract" xlink:to="us-gaap_OrganizationConsolidationAndPresentationOfFinancialStatementsAbstract_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_OrganizationConsolidationAndPresentationOfFinancialStatementsAbstract_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Organization, Consolidation and Presentation of Financial Statements [Abstract]</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2019/elts/us-gaap-2019-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_OrganizationConsolidationAndPresentationOfFinancialStatementsDisclosureTextBlock" xlink:label="us-gaap_OrganizationConsolidationAndPresentationOfFinancialStatementsDisclosureTextBlock" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_OrganizationConsolidationAndPresentationOfFinancialStatementsDisclosureTextBlock" xlink:to="us-gaap_OrganizationConsolidationAndPresentationOfFinancialStatementsDisclosureTextBlock_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_OrganizationConsolidationAndPresentationOfFinancialStatementsDisclosureTextBlock_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">ORGANIZATION AND DESCRIPTION OF BUSINESS</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2019/elts/us-gaap-2019-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_AccountingPoliciesAbstract" xlink:label="us-gaap_AccountingPoliciesAbstract" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_AccountingPoliciesAbstract" xlink:to="us-gaap_AccountingPoliciesAbstract_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_AccountingPoliciesAbstract_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Accounting Policies [Abstract]</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2019/elts/us-gaap-2019-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_BusinessDescriptionAndAccountingPoliciesTextBlock" xlink:label="us-gaap_BusinessDescriptionAndAccountingPoliciesTextBlock" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_BusinessDescriptionAndAccountingPoliciesTextBlock" xlink:to="us-gaap_BusinessDescriptionAndAccountingPoliciesTextBlock_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_BusinessDescriptionAndAccountingPoliciesTextBlock_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="abvcd-20190331.xsd#abvcd_GoingConcernAbstract" xlink:label="abvcd_GoingConcernAbstract" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="abvcd_GoingConcernAbstract" xlink:to="abvcd_GoingConcernAbstract_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="abvcd_GoingConcernAbstract_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Going Concern [Abstract]</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="abvcd-20190331.xsd#abvcd_GoingConcernDisclosureTextBlock" xlink:label="abvcd_GoingConcernDisclosureTextBlock" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="abvcd_GoingConcernDisclosureTextBlock" xlink:to="abvcd_GoingConcernDisclosureTextBlock_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="abvcd_GoingConcernDisclosureTextBlock_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">GOING CONCERN</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="abvcd-20190331.xsd#abvcd_CollaborativeAgreementsAbstract" xlink:label="abvcd_CollaborativeAgreementsAbstract" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="abvcd_CollaborativeAgreementsAbstract" xlink:to="abvcd_CollaborativeAgreementsAbstract_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="abvcd_CollaborativeAgreementsAbstract_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Collaborative Agreements [Abstract]</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2019/elts/us-gaap-2019-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_CollaborativeArrangementDisclosureTextBlock" xlink:label="us-gaap_CollaborativeArrangementDisclosureTextBlock" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_CollaborativeArrangementDisclosureTextBlock" xlink:to="us-gaap_CollaborativeArrangementDisclosureTextBlock_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_CollaborativeArrangementDisclosureTextBlock_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">COLLABORATIVE AGREEMENTS</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2019/elts/us-gaap-2019-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_InventoryDisclosureAbstract" xlink:label="us-gaap_InventoryDisclosureAbstract" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_InventoryDisclosureAbstract" xlink:to="us-gaap_InventoryDisclosureAbstract_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_InventoryDisclosureAbstract_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Inventory Disclosure [Abstract]</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2019/elts/us-gaap-2019-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_InventoryDisclosureTextBlock" xlink:label="us-gaap_InventoryDisclosureTextBlock" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_InventoryDisclosureTextBlock" xlink:to="us-gaap_InventoryDisclosureTextBlock_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_InventoryDisclosureTextBlock_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">INVENTORY</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2019/elts/us-gaap-2019-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_PropertyPlantAndEquipmentAbstract" xlink:label="us-gaap_PropertyPlantAndEquipmentAbstract" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_PropertyPlantAndEquipmentAbstract" xlink:to="us-gaap_PropertyPlantAndEquipmentAbstract_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_PropertyPlantAndEquipmentAbstract_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Property, Plant and Equipment [Abstract]</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2019/elts/us-gaap-2019-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_PropertyPlantAndEquipmentDisclosureTextBlock" xlink:label="us-gaap_PropertyPlantAndEquipmentDisclosureTextBlock" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_PropertyPlantAndEquipmentDisclosureTextBlock" xlink:to="us-gaap_PropertyPlantAndEquipmentDisclosureTextBlock_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_PropertyPlantAndEquipmentDisclosureTextBlock_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">PROPERTY AND EQUIPMENT</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="abvcd-20190331.xsd#abvcd_LongtermInvestmentAbstract" xlink:label="abvcd_LongtermInvestmentAbstract" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="abvcd_LongtermInvestmentAbstract" xlink:to="abvcd_LongtermInvestmentAbstract_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="abvcd_LongtermInvestmentAbstract_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Long-Term Investment [Abstract]</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="abvcd-20190331.xsd#abvcd_LongTermInvestmentTextBlock" xlink:label="abvcd_LongTermInvestmentTextBlock" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="abvcd_LongTermInvestmentTextBlock" xlink:to="abvcd_LongTermInvestmentTextBlock_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="abvcd_LongTermInvestmentTextBlock_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">LONG-TERM INVESTMENTS</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2019/elts/us-gaap-2019-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_PayablesAndAccrualsAbstract" xlink:label="us-gaap_PayablesAndAccrualsAbstract" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_PayablesAndAccrualsAbstract" xlink:to="us-gaap_PayablesAndAccrualsAbstract_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_PayablesAndAccrualsAbstract_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Payables and Accruals [Abstract]</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2019/elts/us-gaap-2019-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_AccountsPayableAndAccruedLiabilitiesDisclosureTextBlock" xlink:label="us-gaap_AccountsPayableAndAccruedLiabilitiesDisclosureTextBlock" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_AccountsPayableAndAccruedLiabilitiesDisclosureTextBlock" xlink:to="us-gaap_AccountsPayableAndAccruedLiabilitiesDisclosureTextBlock_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_AccountsPayableAndAccruedLiabilitiesDisclosureTextBlock_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">ACCRUED EXPENSES</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="abvcd-20190331.xsd#abvcd_ConvertibleNotesPayableAbstract" xlink:label="abvcd_ConvertibleNotesPayableAbstract" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="abvcd_ConvertibleNotesPayableAbstract" xlink:to="abvcd_ConvertibleNotesPayableAbstract_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="abvcd_ConvertibleNotesPayableAbstract_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Convertible Notes Payable [Abstract]</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="abvcd-20190331.xsd#abvcd_ConvertibleNotesPayableDisclosureTextBlock" xlink:label="abvcd_ConvertibleNotesPayableDisclosureTextBlock" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="abvcd_ConvertibleNotesPayableDisclosureTextBlock" xlink:to="abvcd_ConvertibleNotesPayableDisclosureTextBlock_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="abvcd_ConvertibleNotesPayableDisclosureTextBlock_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">CONVERTIBLE NOTES PAYABLE</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="abvcd-20190331.xsd#abvcd_BankLoansAbstract" xlink:label="abvcd_BankLoansAbstract" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="abvcd_BankLoansAbstract" xlink:to="abvcd_BankLoansAbstract_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="abvcd_BankLoansAbstract_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Bank Loans</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="abvcd-20190331.xsd#abvcd_DisclosureOfBankLoansTextBlock" xlink:label="abvcd_DisclosureOfBankLoansTextBlock" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="abvcd_DisclosureOfBankLoansTextBlock" xlink:to="abvcd_DisclosureOfBankLoansTextBlock_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="abvcd_DisclosureOfBankLoansTextBlock_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">BANK LOANS</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2019/elts/us-gaap-2019-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_NotesPayableAbstract" xlink:label="us-gaap_NotesPayableAbstract" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_NotesPayableAbstract" xlink:to="us-gaap_NotesPayableAbstract_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_NotesPayableAbstract_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Notes Payable [Abstract]</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2019/elts/us-gaap-2019-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_MembersEquityNotesDisclosureTextBlock" xlink:label="us-gaap_MembersEquityNotesDisclosureTextBlock" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_MembersEquityNotesDisclosureTextBlock" xlink:to="us-gaap_MembersEquityNotesDisclosureTextBlock_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_MembersEquityNotesDisclosureTextBlock_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">NOTES PAYABLE</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2019/elts/us-gaap-2019-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_RelatedPartyTransactionsAbstract" xlink:label="us-gaap_RelatedPartyTransactionsAbstract" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_RelatedPartyTransactionsAbstract" xlink:to="us-gaap_RelatedPartyTransactionsAbstract_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_RelatedPartyTransactionsAbstract_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Related Party Transactions [Abstract]</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2019/elts/us-gaap-2019-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_RelatedPartyTransactionsDisclosureTextBlock" xlink:label="us-gaap_RelatedPartyTransactionsDisclosureTextBlock" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_RelatedPartyTransactionsDisclosureTextBlock" xlink:to="us-gaap_RelatedPartyTransactionsDisclosureTextBlock_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_RelatedPartyTransactionsDisclosureTextBlock_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">RELATED PARTIES TRANSACTIONS</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2019/elts/us-gaap-2019-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_EquityAbstract" xlink:label="us-gaap_EquityAbstract" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_EquityAbstract" xlink:to="us-gaap_EquityAbstract_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_EquityAbstract_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Equity [Abstract]</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2019/elts/us-gaap-2019-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_StockholdersEquityNoteDisclosureTextBlock" xlink:label="us-gaap_StockholdersEquityNoteDisclosureTextBlock" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_StockholdersEquityNoteDisclosureTextBlock" xlink:to="us-gaap_StockholdersEquityNoteDisclosureTextBlock_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_StockholdersEquityNoteDisclosureTextBlock_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">EQUITY</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2019/elts/us-gaap-2019-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_IncomeTaxDisclosureAbstract" xlink:label="us-gaap_IncomeTaxDisclosureAbstract" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_IncomeTaxDisclosureAbstract" xlink:to="us-gaap_IncomeTaxDisclosureAbstract_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_IncomeTaxDisclosureAbstract_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Income Tax Disclosure [Abstract]</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2019/elts/us-gaap-2019-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_IncomeTaxDisclosureTextBlock" xlink:label="us-gaap_IncomeTaxDisclosureTextBlock" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_IncomeTaxDisclosureTextBlock" xlink:to="us-gaap_IncomeTaxDisclosureTextBlock_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_IncomeTaxDisclosureTextBlock_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">INCOME TAX</link:label>
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      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="abvcd_ValuationOfDeferredTaxAssetsPolicyTextBlock" xlink:to="abvcd_ValuationOfDeferredTaxAssetsPolicyTextBlock_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="abvcd_ValuationOfDeferredTaxAssetsPolicyTextBlock_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Valuation of Deferred Tax Assets</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2019/elts/us-gaap-2019-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_EarningsPerSharePolicyTextBlock" xlink:label="us-gaap_EarningsPerSharePolicyTextBlock" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_EarningsPerSharePolicyTextBlock" xlink:to="us-gaap_EarningsPerSharePolicyTextBlock_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_EarningsPerSharePolicyTextBlock_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Loss Per Share of Common Stock</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2019/elts/us-gaap-2019-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_CommitmentsAndContingenciesPolicyTextBlock" xlink:label="us-gaap_CommitmentsAndContingenciesPolicyTextBlock" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_CommitmentsAndContingenciesPolicyTextBlock" xlink:to="us-gaap_CommitmentsAndContingenciesPolicyTextBlock_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:label="us-gaap_CommitmentsAndContingenciesPolicyTextBlock_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Commitments and Contingencies</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2019/elts/us-gaap-2019-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_ForeignCurrencyTransactionsAndTranslationsPolicyTextBlock" xlink:label="us-gaap_ForeignCurrencyTransactionsAndTranslationsPolicyTextBlock" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_ForeignCurrencyTransactionsAndTranslationsPolicyTextBlock" xlink:to="us-gaap_ForeignCurrencyTransactionsAndTranslationsPolicyTextBlock_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_ForeignCurrencyTransactionsAndTranslationsPolicyTextBlock_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Foreign-currency Transactions</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="abvcd-20190331.xsd#abvcd_TranslationAdjustmentPolicyTextBlock" xlink:label="abvcd_TranslationAdjustmentPolicyTextBlock" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="abvcd_TranslationAdjustmentPolicyTextBlock" xlink:to="abvcd_TranslationAdjustmentPolicyTextBlock_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="abvcd_TranslationAdjustmentPolicyTextBlock_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Translation Adjustment</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2019/elts/us-gaap-2019-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_NewAccountingPronouncementsPolicyPolicyTextBlock" xlink:label="us-gaap_NewAccountingPronouncementsPolicyPolicyTextBlock" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_NewAccountingPronouncementsPolicyPolicyTextBlock" xlink:to="us-gaap_NewAccountingPronouncementsPolicyPolicyTextBlock_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_NewAccountingPronouncementsPolicyPolicyTextBlock_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Recent Accounting Pronouncements</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2019/elts/us-gaap-2019-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_PropertyPlantAndEquipmentTextBlock" xlink:label="us-gaap_PropertyPlantAndEquipmentTextBlock" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_PropertyPlantAndEquipmentTextBlock" xlink:to="us-gaap_PropertyPlantAndEquipmentTextBlock_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_PropertyPlantAndEquipmentTextBlock_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Schedule of property and equipment</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2019/elts/us-gaap-2019-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_ScheduleOfInventoryCurrentTableTextBlock" xlink:label="us-gaap_ScheduleOfInventoryCurrentTableTextBlock" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_ScheduleOfInventoryCurrentTableTextBlock" xlink:to="us-gaap_ScheduleOfInventoryCurrentTableTextBlock_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_ScheduleOfInventoryCurrentTableTextBlock_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Schedule of inventory</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="abvcd-20190331.xsd#abvcd_ScheduleOfPropertyAndEquipment" xlink:label="abvcd_ScheduleOfPropertyAndEquipment" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="abvcd_ScheduleOfPropertyAndEquipment" xlink:to="abvcd_ScheduleOfPropertyAndEquipment_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:label="abvcd_ScheduleOfPropertyAndEquipment_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Schedule of property and equipment</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="abvcd_BioFirstAustraliaMember" xlink:to="abvcd_BioFirstAustraliaMember_2_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:label="abvcd_BioFirstAustraliaMember_2_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">BioFirst [Member]</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="abvcd_RgeneCorporationMember" xlink:to="abvcd_RgeneCorporationMember_2_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:label="abvcd_RgeneCorporationMember_2_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Rgene [Member]</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="abvcd-20190331.xsd#abvcd_ScheduleOfOwnershipPercentagesOfInvesteeTableTextBlocks" xlink:label="abvcd_ScheduleOfOwnershipPercentagesOfInvesteeTableTextBlocks" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="abvcd_ScheduleOfOwnershipPercentagesOfInvesteeTableTextBlocks" xlink:to="abvcd_ScheduleOfOwnershipPercentagesOfInvesteeTableTextBlocks_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="abvcd_ScheduleOfOwnershipPercentagesOfInvesteeTableTextBlocks_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Schedule of ownership percentages of investee</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="abvcd-20190331.xsd#abvcd_ScheduleOfExtentInvesteeReliesTableTextBlock" xlink:label="abvcd_ScheduleOfExtentInvesteeReliesTableTextBlock" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="abvcd_ScheduleOfExtentInvesteeReliesTableTextBlock" xlink:to="abvcd_ScheduleOfExtentInvesteeReliesTableTextBlock_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="abvcd_ScheduleOfExtentInvesteeReliesTableTextBlock_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Schedule of extent the investee relies</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="abvcd-20190331.xsd#abvcd_ScheduleOfLongTermInvestmentTableTextBlock" xlink:label="abvcd_ScheduleOfLongTermInvestmentTableTextBlock" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="abvcd_ScheduleOfLongTermInvestmentTableTextBlock" xlink:to="abvcd_ScheduleOfLongTermInvestmentTableTextBlock_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="abvcd_ScheduleOfLongTermInvestmentTableTextBlock_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Schedule of long-term investment</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/srt/2019/elts/srt-2019-01-31.xsd#srt_ScheduleOfCondensedBalanceSheetTableTextBlock" xlink:label="srt_ScheduleOfCondensedBalanceSheetTableTextBlock" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="srt_ScheduleOfCondensedBalanceSheetTableTextBlock" xlink:to="srt_ScheduleOfCondensedBalanceSheetTableTextBlock_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="srt_ScheduleOfCondensedBalanceSheetTableTextBlock_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Schedule of balance sheets</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/srt/2019/elts/srt-2019-01-31.xsd#srt_ScheduleOfCondensedIncomeStatementTableTextBlock" xlink:label="srt_ScheduleOfCondensedIncomeStatementTableTextBlock" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="srt_ScheduleOfCondensedIncomeStatementTableTextBlock" xlink:to="srt_ScheduleOfCondensedIncomeStatementTableTextBlock_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="srt_ScheduleOfCondensedIncomeStatementTableTextBlock_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Schedule of statements of operation</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2019/elts/us-gaap-2019-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_EquityMethodInvestmentsTextBlock" xlink:label="us-gaap_EquityMethodInvestmentsTextBlock" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_EquityMethodInvestmentsTextBlock" xlink:to="us-gaap_EquityMethodInvestmentsTextBlock_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_EquityMethodInvestmentsTextBlock_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Schedule of equity investments</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2019/elts/us-gaap-2019-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_ScheduleOfAccountsPayableAndAccruedLiabilitiesTableTextBlock" xlink:label="us-gaap_ScheduleOfAccountsPayableAndAccruedLiabilitiesTableTextBlock" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_ScheduleOfAccountsPayableAndAccruedLiabilitiesTableTextBlock" xlink:to="us-gaap_ScheduleOfAccountsPayableAndAccruedLiabilitiesTableTextBlock_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_ScheduleOfAccountsPayableAndAccruedLiabilitiesTableTextBlock_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Schedule of accrued expenses</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2019/elts/us-gaap-2019-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_ScheduleOfShortTermDebtTextBlock" xlink:label="us-gaap_ScheduleOfShortTermDebtTextBlock" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_ScheduleOfShortTermDebtTextBlock" xlink:to="us-gaap_ScheduleOfShortTermDebtTextBlock_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_ScheduleOfShortTermDebtTextBlock_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Schedule of short-term bank loan</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2019/elts/us-gaap-2019-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_ScheduleOfMaturitiesOfLongTermDebtTableTextBlock" xlink:label="us-gaap_ScheduleOfMaturitiesOfLongTermDebtTableTextBlock" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_ScheduleOfMaturitiesOfLongTermDebtTableTextBlock" xlink:to="us-gaap_ScheduleOfMaturitiesOfLongTermDebtTableTextBlock_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_ScheduleOfMaturitiesOfLongTermDebtTableTextBlock_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Schedule of long-term bank loan</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2019/elts/us-gaap-2019-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_ScheduleOfRelatedPartyTransactionsTableTextBlock" xlink:label="us-gaap_ScheduleOfRelatedPartyTransactionsTableTextBlock" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_ScheduleOfRelatedPartyTransactionsTableTextBlock" xlink:to="us-gaap_ScheduleOfRelatedPartyTransactionsTableTextBlock_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_ScheduleOfRelatedPartyTransactionsTableTextBlock_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Schedule of related party transactions</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2019/elts/us-gaap-2019-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_ScheduleOfAccountsNotesLoansAndFinancingReceivableTextBlock" xlink:label="us-gaap_ScheduleOfAccountsNotesLoansAndFinancingReceivableTextBlock" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_ScheduleOfAccountsNotesLoansAndFinancingReceivableTextBlock" xlink:to="us-gaap_ScheduleOfAccountsNotesLoansAndFinancingReceivableTextBlock_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_ScheduleOfAccountsNotesLoansAndFinancingReceivableTextBlock_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Schedule of accounts receivable related parties</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="abvcd-20190331.xsd#abvcd_OtherReceivableRelatedPartiesTableTextBlock" xlink:label="abvcd_OtherReceivableRelatedPartiesTableTextBlock" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="abvcd_OtherReceivableRelatedPartiesTableTextBlock" xlink:to="abvcd_OtherReceivableRelatedPartiesTableTextBlock_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="abvcd_OtherReceivableRelatedPartiesTableTextBlock_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Schedule of other receivable related parties</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="abvcd-20190331.xsd#abvcd_ScheduleOfDueFromRelatedPartiesTableTextBlock" xlink:label="abvcd_ScheduleOfDueFromRelatedPartiesTableTextBlock" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="abvcd_ScheduleOfDueFromRelatedPartiesTableTextBlock" xlink:to="abvcd_ScheduleOfDueFromRelatedPartiesTableTextBlock_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="abvcd_ScheduleOfDueFromRelatedPartiesTableTextBlock_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Schedule of due from related parties</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="abvcd-20190331.xsd#abvcd_ScheduleOfRelatedPartyTransactionsAmountDueToRelatedParty" xlink:label="abvcd_ScheduleOfRelatedPartyTransactionsAmountDueToRelatedParty" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="abvcd_ScheduleOfRelatedPartyTransactionsAmountDueToRelatedParty" xlink:to="abvcd_ScheduleOfRelatedPartyTransactionsAmountDueToRelatedParty_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="abvcd_ScheduleOfRelatedPartyTransactionsAmountDueToRelatedParty_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Schedule of amount due to related party</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2019/elts/us-gaap-2019-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_ScheduleOfEarningsPerShareBasicAndDilutedTableTextBlock" xlink:label="us-gaap_ScheduleOfEarningsPerShareBasicAndDilutedTableTextBlock" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_ScheduleOfEarningsPerShareBasicAndDilutedTableTextBlock" xlink:to="us-gaap_ScheduleOfEarningsPerShareBasicAndDilutedTableTextBlock_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_ScheduleOfEarningsPerShareBasicAndDilutedTableTextBlock_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Schedule of loss per share</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2019/elts/us-gaap-2019-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_ScheduleOfComponentsOfIncomeTaxExpenseBenefitTableTextBlock" xlink:label="us-gaap_ScheduleOfComponentsOfIncomeTaxExpenseBenefitTableTextBlock" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_ScheduleOfComponentsOfIncomeTaxExpenseBenefitTableTextBlock" xlink:to="us-gaap_ScheduleOfComponentsOfIncomeTaxExpenseBenefitTableTextBlock_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_ScheduleOfComponentsOfIncomeTaxExpenseBenefitTableTextBlock_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Summary of income tax (benefits)</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2019/elts/us-gaap-2019-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_ScheduleOfDeferredTaxAssetsAndLiabilitiesTableTextBlock" xlink:label="us-gaap_ScheduleOfDeferredTaxAssetsAndLiabilitiesTableTextBlock" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_ScheduleOfDeferredTaxAssetsAndLiabilitiesTableTextBlock" xlink:to="us-gaap_ScheduleOfDeferredTaxAssetsAndLiabilitiesTableTextBlock_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_ScheduleOfDeferredTaxAssetsAndLiabilitiesTableTextBlock_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Schedule of deferred tax</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2019/elts/us-gaap-2019-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_ScheduleOfEffectiveIncomeTaxRateReconciliationTableTextBlock" xlink:label="us-gaap_ScheduleOfEffectiveIncomeTaxRateReconciliationTableTextBlock" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_ScheduleOfEffectiveIncomeTaxRateReconciliationTableTextBlock" xlink:to="us-gaap_ScheduleOfEffectiveIncomeTaxRateReconciliationTableTextBlock_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_ScheduleOfEffectiveIncomeTaxRateReconciliationTableTextBlock_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Schedule of statutory U.S. tax rate</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="abvcd-20190331.xsd#abvcd_ScheduleOfOperatingLeaseArrangementsTableTextBlock" xlink:label="abvcd_ScheduleOfOperatingLeaseArrangementsTableTextBlock" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="abvcd_ScheduleOfOperatingLeaseArrangementsTableTextBlock" xlink:to="abvcd_ScheduleOfOperatingLeaseArrangementsTableTextBlock_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="abvcd_ScheduleOfOperatingLeaseArrangementsTableTextBlock_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Schedule of operating lease arrangements</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="abvcd-20190331.xsd#abvcd_ScheduleOfSupplementalInformationRelatedToOperatingLeasesTableTextBlock" xlink:label="abvcd_ScheduleOfSupplementalInformationRelatedToOperatingLeasesTableTextBlock" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="abvcd_ScheduleOfSupplementalInformationRelatedToOperatingLeasesTableTextBlock" xlink:to="abvcd_ScheduleOfSupplementalInformationRelatedToOperatingLeasesTableTextBlock_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="abvcd_ScheduleOfSupplementalInformationRelatedToOperatingLeasesTableTextBlock_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Schedule of supplemental information related to operating leases</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/srt/2019/elts/srt-2019-01-31.xsd#srt_ContractualObligationFiscalYearMaturityScheduleTableTextBlock" xlink:label="srt_ContractualObligationFiscalYearMaturityScheduleTableTextBlock" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="srt_ContractualObligationFiscalYearMaturityScheduleTableTextBlock" xlink:to="srt_ContractualObligationFiscalYearMaturityScheduleTableTextBlock_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="srt_ContractualObligationFiscalYearMaturityScheduleTableTextBlock_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Schedule of minimum future annual payments under non-cancellable leases</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="abvcd-20190331.xsd#abvcd_ScheduleOfCondensedBalanceSheetsTableTextBlock" xlink:label="abvcd_ScheduleOfCondensedBalanceSheetsTableTextBlock" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="abvcd_ScheduleOfCondensedBalanceSheetsTableTextBlock" xlink:to="abvcd_ScheduleOfCondensedBalanceSheetsTableTextBlock_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="abvcd_ScheduleOfCondensedBalanceSheetsTableTextBlock_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Schedule of unaudited pro forma condensed consolidated combined balance sheet</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="abvcd-20190331.xsd#abvcd_ScheduleOfCondensedIncomeStatementsTableTextBlock" xlink:label="abvcd_ScheduleOfCondensedIncomeStatementsTableTextBlock" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="abvcd_ScheduleOfCondensedIncomeStatementsTableTextBlock" xlink:to="abvcd_ScheduleOfCondensedIncomeStatementsTableTextBlock_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="abvcd_ScheduleOfCondensedIncomeStatementsTableTextBlock_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Schedule of unaudited pro forma condensed consolidated statements of operations</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="abvcd-20190331.xsd#abvcd_ScheduleOfReconciliationOfCommonStockToBeIssuedTableTextBlock" xlink:label="abvcd_ScheduleOfReconciliationOfCommonStockToBeIssuedTableTextBlock" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="abvcd_ScheduleOfReconciliationOfCommonStockToBeIssuedTableTextBlock" xlink:to="abvcd_ScheduleOfReconciliationOfCommonStockToBeIssuedTableTextBlock_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="abvcd_ScheduleOfReconciliationOfCommonStockToBeIssuedTableTextBlock_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Schedule of reconciliation of ABVC common stock to be issued to BioLite shareholders</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="abvcd-20190331.xsd#abvcd_ScheduleOfCommonStockToBeIssuedToShareholdersInExchangeOfCommonStockOutstandingTableTextBlock" xlink:label="abvcd_ScheduleOfCommonStockToBeIssuedToShareholdersInExchangeOfCommonStockOutstandingTableTextBlock" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="abvcd_ScheduleOfCommonStockToBeIssuedToShareholdersInExchangeOfCommonStockOutstandingTableTextBlock" xlink:to="abvcd_ScheduleOfCommonStockToBeIssuedToShareholdersInExchangeOfCommonStockOutstandingTableTextBlock_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="abvcd_ScheduleOfCommonStockToBeIssuedToShareholdersInExchangeOfCommonStockOutstandingTableTextBlock_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Schedule of ABVC common stock to be issued to BioKey shareholders in exchange of BioKey's common stock outstanding</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="abvcd-20190331.xsd#abvcd_ScheduleOfCommonStockToBeIssuedToShareholdersInExchangeOfPreferredStockOutstanding" xlink:label="abvcd_ScheduleOfCommonStockToBeIssuedToShareholdersInExchangeOfPreferredStockOutstanding" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="abvcd_ScheduleOfCommonStockToBeIssuedToShareholdersInExchangeOfPreferredStockOutstanding" xlink:to="abvcd_ScheduleOfCommonStockToBeIssuedToShareholdersInExchangeOfPreferredStockOutstanding_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="abvcd_ScheduleOfCommonStockToBeIssuedToShareholdersInExchangeOfPreferredStockOutstanding_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Schedule of ABVC common stock to be issued to BioKey shareholders in exchange of BioKey's preferred stock outstanding</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2019/elts/us-gaap-2019-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_ScheduleOfCommonStockOutstandingRollForwardTableTextBlock" xlink:label="us-gaap_ScheduleOfCommonStockOutstandingRollForwardTableTextBlock" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_ScheduleOfCommonStockOutstandingRollForwardTableTextBlock" xlink:to="us-gaap_ScheduleOfCommonStockOutstandingRollForwardTableTextBlock_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_ScheduleOfCommonStockOutstandingRollForwardTableTextBlock_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Schedule of Common stock outstanding</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2019/elts/us-gaap-2019-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_ScheduleOfRecognizedIdentifiedAssetsAcquiredAndLiabilitiesAssumedTableTextBlock" xlink:label="us-gaap_ScheduleOfRecognizedIdentifiedAssetsAcquiredAndLiabilitiesAssumedTableTextBlock" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_ScheduleOfRecognizedIdentifiedAssetsAcquiredAndLiabilitiesAssumedTableTextBlock" xlink:to="us-gaap_ScheduleOfRecognizedIdentifiedAssetsAcquiredAndLiabilitiesAssumedTableTextBlock_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_ScheduleOfRecognizedIdentifiedAssetsAcquiredAndLiabilitiesAssumedTableTextBlock_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Schedule of the fair value of the consideration given and assets and liabilities acquired</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="abvcd-20190331.xsd#abvcd_ScheduleOfRecognizedIdentifiedAssetAcquiredAndLiabilitiesAssumedTableTextBlock" xlink:label="abvcd_ScheduleOfRecognizedIdentifiedAssetAcquiredAndLiabilitiesAssumedTableTextBlock" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="abvcd_ScheduleOfRecognizedIdentifiedAssetAcquiredAndLiabilitiesAssumedTableTextBlock" xlink:to="abvcd_ScheduleOfRecognizedIdentifiedAssetAcquiredAndLiabilitiesAssumedTableTextBlock_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:label="abvcd_ScheduleOfRecognizedIdentifiedAssetAcquiredAndLiabilitiesAssumedTableTextBlock_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Schedule of the fair value of the consideration given and assets and liabilities acquired</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_TypeOfArrangementAxis" xlink:to="us-gaap_TypeOfArrangementAxis_2_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:label="us-gaap_TypeOfArrangementAxis_2_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Collaborative Arrangement and Arrangement Other than Collaborative [Axis]</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="abvcd-20190331.xsd#abvcd_OrganizationAndDescriptionOfBusinessTextualAbstract" xlink:label="abvcd_OrganizationAndDescriptionOfBusinessTextualAbstract" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="abvcd_OrganizationAndDescriptionOfBusinessTextualAbstract" xlink:to="abvcd_OrganizationAndDescriptionOfBusinessTextualAbstract_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="abvcd_OrganizationAndDescriptionOfBusinessTextualAbstract_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Organization and Description of Business (Textual)</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="abvcd-20190331.xsd#abvcd_CommonStockIssuedAfterStockSplit" xlink:label="abvcd_CommonStockIssuedAfterStockSplit" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="abvcd_CommonStockIssuedAfterStockSplit" xlink:to="abvcd_CommonStockIssuedAfterStockSplit_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="abvcd_CommonStockIssuedAfterStockSplit_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Common stock issued post-stock split</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="abvcd-20190331.xsd#abvcd_CommonStockIssuedBeforeStockSplit" xlink:label="abvcd_CommonStockIssuedBeforeStockSplit" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="abvcd_CommonStockIssuedBeforeStockSplit" xlink:to="abvcd_CommonStockIssuedBeforeStockSplit_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="abvcd_CommonStockIssuedBeforeStockSplit_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Common stock issued pre-stock split</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2019/elts/us-gaap-2019-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_EquityMethodInvestmentOwnershipPercentage" xlink:label="us-gaap_EquityMethodInvestmentOwnershipPercentage" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_EquityMethodInvestmentOwnershipPercentage" xlink:to="us-gaap_EquityMethodInvestmentOwnershipPercentage_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_EquityMethodInvestmentOwnershipPercentage_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Percentage of common shares issued and outstanding</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="abvcd-20190331.xsd#abvcd_PercentageOfIssuedShareCapital" xlink:label="abvcd_PercentageOfIssuedShareCapital" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="abvcd_PercentageOfIssuedShareCapital" xlink:to="abvcd_PercentageOfIssuedShareCapital_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="abvcd_PercentageOfIssuedShareCapital_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Percentage of issued share capital</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2019/elts/us-gaap-2019-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_ConversionOfStockDescription" xlink:label="us-gaap_ConversionOfStockDescription" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_ConversionOfStockDescription" xlink:to="us-gaap_ConversionOfStockDescription_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_ConversionOfStockDescription_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Common stock converted to exchange ratio</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2019/elts/us-gaap-2019-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_StockholdersEquityReverseStockSplit" xlink:label="us-gaap_StockholdersEquityReverseStockSplit" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_StockholdersEquityReverseStockSplit" xlink:to="us-gaap_StockholdersEquityReverseStockSplit_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_StockholdersEquityReverseStockSplit_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Description of reverse stock split</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_MachineryAndEquipmentMember" xlink:to="us-gaap_MachineryAndEquipmentMember_2_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:label="us-gaap_MachineryAndEquipmentMember_2_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Machinery and equipment [Member]</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_OfficeEquipmentMember" xlink:to="us-gaap_OfficeEquipmentMember_2_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:label="us-gaap_OfficeEquipmentMember_2_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Office equipment [Member]</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="srt_RangeAxis" xlink:to="srt_RangeAxis_2_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:label="srt_RangeAxis_2_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Statistical Measurement [Axis]</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2019/elts/us-gaap-2019-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_PropertyPlantAndEquipmentEstimatedUsefulLives" xlink:label="us-gaap_PropertyPlantAndEquipmentEstimatedUsefulLives" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_PropertyPlantAndEquipmentEstimatedUsefulLives" xlink:to="us-gaap_PropertyPlantAndEquipmentEstimatedUsefulLives_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_PropertyPlantAndEquipmentEstimatedUsefulLives_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Estimated Life</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="abvcd-20190331.xsd#abvcd_SummaryOfSignificantAccountingPoliciesTextualAbstract" xlink:label="abvcd_SummaryOfSignificantAccountingPoliciesTextualAbstract" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="abvcd_SummaryOfSignificantAccountingPoliciesTextualAbstract" xlink:to="abvcd_SummaryOfSignificantAccountingPoliciesTextualAbstract_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="abvcd_SummaryOfSignificantAccountingPoliciesTextualAbstract_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Summary of Significant Accounting Policies (Textual)</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_StockholdersEquityReverseStockSplit" xlink:to="us-gaap_StockholdersEquityReverseStockSplit_2_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:label="us-gaap_StockholdersEquityReverseStockSplit_2_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Forward split ratio</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_CommonStockSharesAuthorized" xlink:to="us-gaap_CommonStockSharesAuthorized_2_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:label="us-gaap_CommonStockSharesAuthorized_2_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Common stock, authorized</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_RestrictedCashAndCashEquivalents" xlink:to="us-gaap_RestrictedCashAndCashEquivalents_2_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:label="us-gaap_RestrictedCashAndCashEquivalents_2_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Restricted cash equivalents</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="abvcd-20190331.xsd#abvcd_MarketableSecuritiesRealizedGainLossOtherThanTemporaryImpairmentsAmounts" xlink:label="abvcd_MarketableSecuritiesRealizedGainLossOtherThanTemporaryImpairmentsAmounts" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="abvcd_MarketableSecuritiesRealizedGainLossOtherThanTemporaryImpairmentsAmounts" xlink:to="abvcd_MarketableSecuritiesRealizedGainLossOtherThanTemporaryImpairmentsAmounts_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="abvcd_MarketableSecuritiesRealizedGainLossOtherThanTemporaryImpairmentsAmounts_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Impairments of equity investments</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2019/elts/us-gaap-2019-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_EmployeeBenefitsAndShareBasedCompensation" xlink:label="us-gaap_EmployeeBenefitsAndShareBasedCompensation" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_EmployeeBenefitsAndShareBasedCompensation" xlink:to="us-gaap_EmployeeBenefitsAndShareBasedCompensation_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_EmployeeBenefitsAndShareBasedCompensation_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Employee stock-based compensation expenses</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2019/elts/us-gaap-2019-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_DescriptionOfPostemploymentBenefits" xlink:label="us-gaap_DescriptionOfPostemploymentBenefits" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_DescriptionOfPostemploymentBenefits" xlink:to="us-gaap_DescriptionOfPostemploymentBenefits_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_DescriptionOfPostemploymentBenefits_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Post-retirement and post-employment benefits, Description</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="abvcd-20190331.xsd#abvcd_StockBasedCompensationForNonemployees" xlink:label="abvcd_StockBasedCompensationForNonemployees" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="abvcd_StockBasedCompensationForNonemployees" xlink:to="abvcd_StockBasedCompensationForNonemployees_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="abvcd_StockBasedCompensationForNonemployees_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Non-employee stock-based compensation expenses</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_IncomeTaxExpenseBenefit" xlink:to="us-gaap_IncomeTaxExpenseBenefit_2_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:label="us-gaap_IncomeTaxExpenseBenefit_2_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Income tax expense</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2019/elts/us-gaap-2019-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_EffectiveIncomeTaxRateReconciliationTaxSettlements" xlink:label="us-gaap_EffectiveIncomeTaxRateReconciliationTaxSettlements" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_EffectiveIncomeTaxRateReconciliationTaxSettlements" xlink:to="us-gaap_EffectiveIncomeTaxRateReconciliationTaxSettlements_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_EffectiveIncomeTaxRateReconciliationTaxSettlements_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Income taxes ultimate settlement, percentage</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_EquitySecuritiesFvNiRealizedGainLoss" xlink:to="us-gaap_EquitySecuritiesFvNiRealizedGainLoss_2_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:label="us-gaap_EquitySecuritiesFvNiRealizedGainLoss_2_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Loss on investment in equity securities</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="abvcd-20190331.xsd#abvcd_GoingConcernTextualAbstract" xlink:label="abvcd_GoingConcernTextualAbstract" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="abvcd_GoingConcernTextualAbstract" xlink:to="abvcd_GoingConcernTextualAbstract_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="abvcd_GoingConcernTextualAbstract_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Going Concern (Textual)</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_NetIncomeLoss" xlink:to="us-gaap_NetIncomeLoss_4_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/positiveLabel" xlink:label="us-gaap_NetIncomeLoss_4_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Net loss</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="abvcd-20190331.xsd#abvcd_WorkingCapitalDeficiency" xlink:label="abvcd_WorkingCapitalDeficiency" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="abvcd_WorkingCapitalDeficiency" xlink:to="abvcd_WorkingCapitalDeficiency_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="abvcd_WorkingCapitalDeficiency_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Working capital deficiency</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2019/elts/us-gaap-2019-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_ScheduleOfCollaborativeArrangementsAndNoncollaborativeArrangementTransactionsTable" xlink:label="us-gaap_ScheduleOfCollaborativeArrangementsAndNoncollaborativeArrangementTransactionsTable" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_ScheduleOfCollaborativeArrangementsAndNoncollaborativeArrangementTransactionsTable" xlink:to="us-gaap_ScheduleOfCollaborativeArrangementsAndNoncollaborativeArrangementTransactionsTable_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_ScheduleOfCollaborativeArrangementsAndNoncollaborativeArrangementTransactionsTable_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Collaborative Arrangement and Arrangement Other than Collaborative [Table]</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2019/elts/us-gaap-2019-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_CollaborativeArrangementsAndNoncollaborativeArrangementTransactionsLineItems" xlink:label="us-gaap_CollaborativeArrangementsAndNoncollaborativeArrangementTransactionsLineItems" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_CollaborativeArrangementsAndNoncollaborativeArrangementTransactionsLineItems" xlink:to="us-gaap_CollaborativeArrangementsAndNoncollaborativeArrangementTransactionsLineItems_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_CollaborativeArrangementsAndNoncollaborativeArrangementTransactionsLineItems_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Collaborative Arrangement and Arrangement Other than Collaborative [Line Items]</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="abvcd-20190331.xsd#abvcd_CollaborativeAgreementTextualAbstract" xlink:label="abvcd_CollaborativeAgreementTextualAbstract" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="abvcd_CollaborativeAgreementTextualAbstract" xlink:to="abvcd_CollaborativeAgreementTextualAbstract_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="abvcd_CollaborativeAgreementTextualAbstract_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Collaborative Agreements (Textual)</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2019/elts/us-gaap-2019-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_RelatedPartyTransactionTermsAndMannerOfSettlement" xlink:label="us-gaap_RelatedPartyTransactionTermsAndMannerOfSettlement" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_RelatedPartyTransactionTermsAndMannerOfSettlement" xlink:to="us-gaap_RelatedPartyTransactionTermsAndMannerOfSettlement_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_RelatedPartyTransactionTermsAndMannerOfSettlement_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Description of payment settlement</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2019/elts/us-gaap-2019-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_DueToOtherRelatedPartiesCurrentAndNoncurrent" xlink:label="us-gaap_DueToOtherRelatedPartiesCurrentAndNoncurrent" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_DueToOtherRelatedPartiesCurrentAndNoncurrent" xlink:to="us-gaap_DueToOtherRelatedPartiesCurrentAndNoncurrent_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_DueToOtherRelatedPartiesCurrentAndNoncurrent_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Amount received from BriVision</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="abvcd-20190331.xsd#abvcd_UpfrontPayments" xlink:label="abvcd_UpfrontPayments" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="abvcd_UpfrontPayments" xlink:to="abvcd_UpfrontPayments_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="abvcd_UpfrontPayments_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Upfront payments</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="abvcd-20190331.xsd#abvcd_PercentageOfPaymentsUnderCodevelopmentAgreement" xlink:label="abvcd_PercentageOfPaymentsUnderCodevelopmentAgreement" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="abvcd_PercentageOfPaymentsUnderCodevelopmentAgreement" xlink:to="abvcd_PercentageOfPaymentsUnderCodevelopmentAgreement_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="abvcd_PercentageOfPaymentsUnderCodevelopmentAgreement_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Percentage of payments under co-development agreement</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="abvcd-20190331.xsd#abvcd_MilestonePayments" xlink:label="abvcd_MilestonePayments" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="abvcd_MilestonePayments" xlink:to="abvcd_MilestonePayments_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="abvcd_MilestonePayments_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Milestone payments to BioLite in cash</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_StockIssuedDuringPeriodValueNewIssues" xlink:to="us-gaap_StockIssuedDuringPeriodValueNewIssues_2_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:label="us-gaap_StockIssuedDuringPeriodValueNewIssues_2_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Common stock newly issued, value</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_StockIssuedDuringPeriodSharesNewIssues" xlink:to="us-gaap_StockIssuedDuringPeriodSharesNewIssues_2_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:label="us-gaap_StockIssuedDuringPeriodSharesNewIssues_2_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Common stock newly issued, shares</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2019/elts/us-gaap-2019-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_SharePrice" xlink:label="us-gaap_SharePrice" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_SharePrice" xlink:to="us-gaap_SharePrice_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_SharePrice_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Share price</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2019/elts/us-gaap-2019-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_CostOfGoodsAndServicesSold" xlink:label="us-gaap_CostOfGoodsAndServicesSold" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_CostOfGoodsAndServicesSold" xlink:to="us-gaap_CostOfGoodsAndServicesSold_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_CostOfGoodsAndServicesSold_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Licensing rights</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2019/elts/us-gaap-2019-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_AccountsPayableRelatedPartiesCurrentAndNoncurrent" xlink:label="us-gaap_AccountsPayableRelatedPartiesCurrentAndNoncurrent" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_AccountsPayableRelatedPartiesCurrentAndNoncurrent" xlink:to="us-gaap_AccountsPayableRelatedPartiesCurrentAndNoncurrent_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:label="us-gaap_AccountsPayableRelatedPartiesCurrentAndNoncurrent_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Accounts payable</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2019/elts/us-gaap-2019-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_PaymentsForParticipationLiabilities" xlink:label="us-gaap_PaymentsForParticipationLiabilities" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_PaymentsForParticipationLiabilities" xlink:to="us-gaap_PaymentsForParticipationLiabilities_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_PaymentsForParticipationLiabilities_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Company cash payments</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2019/elts/us-gaap-2019-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_OtherResearchAndDevelopmentExpense" xlink:label="us-gaap_OtherResearchAndDevelopmentExpense" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_OtherResearchAndDevelopmentExpense" xlink:to="us-gaap_OtherResearchAndDevelopmentExpense_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_OtherResearchAndDevelopmentExpense_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Research and development expense</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_DueFromRelatedPartiesCurrent" xlink:to="us-gaap_DueFromRelatedPartiesCurrent_2_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:label="us-gaap_DueFromRelatedPartiesCurrent_2_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Outstanding balance</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2019/elts/us-gaap-2019-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_RelatedPartyTransactionEffectsOfAnyChangeInMethodOfEstablishingTerms" xlink:label="us-gaap_RelatedPartyTransactionEffectsOfAnyChangeInMethodOfEstablishingTerms" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_RelatedPartyTransactionEffectsOfAnyChangeInMethodOfEstablishingTerms" xlink:to="us-gaap_RelatedPartyTransactionEffectsOfAnyChangeInMethodOfEstablishingTerms_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_RelatedPartyTransactionEffectsOfAnyChangeInMethodOfEstablishingTerms_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Agreement, terms</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="abvcd-20190331.xsd#abvcd_CoDevAgreementDescription" xlink:label="abvcd_CoDevAgreementDescription" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="abvcd_CoDevAgreementDescription" xlink:to="abvcd_CoDevAgreementDescription_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="abvcd_CoDevAgreementDescription_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Co-Dev agreement, description</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="abvcd-20190331.xsd#abvcd_MilestonePaymentsRoyaltyPercentage" xlink:label="abvcd_MilestonePaymentsRoyaltyPercentage" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="abvcd_MilestonePaymentsRoyaltyPercentage" xlink:to="abvcd_MilestonePaymentsRoyaltyPercentage_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="abvcd_MilestonePaymentsRoyaltyPercentage_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Milestone payments royalty percentage</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="abvcd-20190331.xsd#abvcd_CollaborativeAgreementsDescription" xlink:label="abvcd_CollaborativeAgreementsDescription" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="abvcd_CollaborativeAgreementsDescription" xlink:to="abvcd_CollaborativeAgreementsDescription_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="abvcd_CollaborativeAgreementsDescription_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Collaborative Agreements, description</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="abvcd-20190331.xsd#abvcd_Merchandise" xlink:label="abvcd_Merchandise" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="abvcd_Merchandise" xlink:to="abvcd_Merchandise_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="abvcd_Merchandise_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Merchandise</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2019/elts/us-gaap-2019-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_InventoryFinishedGoods" xlink:label="us-gaap_InventoryFinishedGoods" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_InventoryFinishedGoods" xlink:to="us-gaap_InventoryFinishedGoods_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_InventoryFinishedGoods_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Finished goods</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2019/elts/us-gaap-2019-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_InventoryWorkInProcess" xlink:label="us-gaap_InventoryWorkInProcess" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_InventoryWorkInProcess" xlink:to="us-gaap_InventoryWorkInProcess_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_InventoryWorkInProcess_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Work-in-process</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2019/elts/us-gaap-2019-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_InventoryRawMaterialsAndSupplies" xlink:label="us-gaap_InventoryRawMaterialsAndSupplies" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_InventoryRawMaterialsAndSupplies" xlink:to="us-gaap_InventoryRawMaterialsAndSupplies_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_InventoryRawMaterialsAndSupplies_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Raw materials</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="abvcd-20190331.xsd#abvcd_AllowanceForInventoryValuationAndObsolescenceLoss" xlink:label="abvcd_AllowanceForInventoryValuationAndObsolescenceLoss" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="abvcd_AllowanceForInventoryValuationAndObsolescenceLoss" xlink:to="abvcd_AllowanceForInventoryValuationAndObsolescenceLoss_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/negatedLabel" xlink:label="abvcd_AllowanceForInventoryValuationAndObsolescenceLoss_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Allowance for inventory valuation and obsolescence loss</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_InventoryNet" xlink:to="us-gaap_InventoryNet_2_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/totalLabel" xlink:label="us-gaap_InventoryNet_2_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Inventory, net</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2019/elts/us-gaap-2019-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_PropertyPlantAndEquipmentGross" xlink:label="us-gaap_PropertyPlantAndEquipmentGross" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_PropertyPlantAndEquipmentGross" xlink:to="us-gaap_PropertyPlantAndEquipmentGross_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_PropertyPlantAndEquipmentGross_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Subtotal</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2019/elts/us-gaap-2019-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_AccumulatedDepreciationDepletionAndAmortizationPropertyPlantAndEquipment" xlink:label="us-gaap_AccumulatedDepreciationDepletionAndAmortizationPropertyPlantAndEquipment" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_AccumulatedDepreciationDepletionAndAmortizationPropertyPlantAndEquipment" xlink:to="us-gaap_AccumulatedDepreciationDepletionAndAmortizationPropertyPlantAndEquipment_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/negatedLabel" xlink:label="us-gaap_AccumulatedDepreciationDepletionAndAmortizationPropertyPlantAndEquipment_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Less: accumulated depreciation</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="abvcd-20190331.xsd#abvcd_PropertyAndEquipmentTextualAbstract" xlink:label="abvcd_PropertyAndEquipmentTextualAbstract" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="abvcd_PropertyAndEquipmentTextualAbstract" xlink:to="abvcd_PropertyAndEquipmentTextualAbstract_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="abvcd_PropertyAndEquipmentTextualAbstract_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Property and Equipment (Textual)</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_Depreciation" xlink:to="us-gaap_Depreciation_2_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:label="us-gaap_Depreciation_2_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Depreciation expenses</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_EquityMethodInvestmentOwnershipPercentage" xlink:to="us-gaap_EquityMethodInvestmentOwnershipPercentage_2_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:label="us-gaap_EquityMethodInvestmentOwnershipPercentage_2_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Ownership percentage</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="abvcd-20190331.xsd#abvcd_AccountingTreatmentDescription" xlink:label="abvcd_AccountingTreatmentDescription" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="abvcd_AccountingTreatmentDescription" xlink:to="abvcd_AccountingTreatmentDescription_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="abvcd_AccountingTreatmentDescription_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Accounting treatment</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="abvcd_BioFirstCorporationMember" xlink:to="abvcd_BioFirstCorporationMember_2_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:label="abvcd_BioFirstCorporationMember_2_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">BioFirst Corporation (the "BioFirst") [Member]</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="abvcd-20190331.xsd#abvcd_RelatedPartyTransactionDescriptionOfTransactions" xlink:label="abvcd_RelatedPartyTransactionDescriptionOfTransactions" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="abvcd_RelatedPartyTransactionDescriptionOfTransactions" xlink:to="abvcd_RelatedPartyTransactionDescriptionOfTransactions_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="abvcd_RelatedPartyTransactionDescriptionOfTransactions_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Relationship with the Company and its subsidiaries, description</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="abvcd-20190331.xsd#abvcd_NonmarketableCostMethodInvestmentsNetAbstract" xlink:label="abvcd_NonmarketableCostMethodInvestmentsNetAbstract" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="abvcd_NonmarketableCostMethodInvestmentsNetAbstract" xlink:to="abvcd_NonmarketableCostMethodInvestmentsNetAbstract_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="abvcd_NonmarketableCostMethodInvestmentsNetAbstract_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Non-marketable Cost Method Investments, net abstract</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="abvcd-20190331.xsd#abvcd_NonmarketableCostMethodInvestmentsNet" xlink:label="abvcd_NonmarketableCostMethodInvestmentsNet" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="abvcd_NonmarketableCostMethodInvestmentsNet" xlink:to="abvcd_NonmarketableCostMethodInvestmentsNet_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="abvcd_NonmarketableCostMethodInvestmentsNet_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Sub total</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2019/elts/us-gaap-2019-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_EquityMethodInvestments" xlink:label="us-gaap_EquityMethodInvestments" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_EquityMethodInvestments" xlink:to="us-gaap_EquityMethodInvestments_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_EquityMethodInvestments_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Total</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="abvcd_BioFirstCorporationMember" xlink:to="abvcd_BioFirstCorporationMember_3_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:label="abvcd_BioFirstCorporationMember_3_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">BioFirst [Member]</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_AssetsCurrent" xlink:to="us-gaap_AssetsCurrent_2_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:label="us-gaap_AssetsCurrent_2_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Current Assets</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2019/elts/us-gaap-2019-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_AssetsNoncurrent" xlink:label="us-gaap_AssetsNoncurrent" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_AssetsNoncurrent" xlink:to="us-gaap_AssetsNoncurrent_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_AssetsNoncurrent_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Noncurrent Assets</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_LiabilitiesCurrent" xlink:to="us-gaap_LiabilitiesCurrent_2_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:label="us-gaap_LiabilitiesCurrent_2_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Current Liabilities</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2019/elts/us-gaap-2019-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_LiabilitiesNoncurrent" xlink:label="us-gaap_LiabilitiesNoncurrent" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_LiabilitiesNoncurrent" xlink:to="us-gaap_LiabilitiesNoncurrent_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:label="us-gaap_LiabilitiesNoncurrent_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Noncurrent Liabilities</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_StockholdersEquity" xlink:to="us-gaap_StockholdersEquity_2_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_StockholdersEquity_2_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Shareholders' Equity (Deficit)</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_Revenues" xlink:to="us-gaap_Revenues_2_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:label="us-gaap_Revenues_2_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Net sales</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_GrossProfit" xlink:to="us-gaap_GrossProfit_2_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_GrossProfit_2_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Gross Profit</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_NetIncomeLoss" xlink:to="us-gaap_NetIncomeLoss_5_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/positiveVerboseLabel" xlink:label="us-gaap_NetIncomeLoss_5_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Net loss</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_GainLossOnInvestments" xlink:to="us-gaap_GainLossOnInvestments_2_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:label="us-gaap_GainLossOnInvestments_2_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Share of losses from investments accounted for using the equity method</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_GainLossOnInvestments" xlink:to="us-gaap_GainLossOnInvestments_3_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:label="us-gaap_GainLossOnInvestments_3_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Share of equity method investee losses</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2019/elts/us-gaap-2019-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_ImpairmentOfInvestments" xlink:label="us-gaap_ImpairmentOfInvestments" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_ImpairmentOfInvestments" xlink:to="us-gaap_ImpairmentOfInvestments_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_ImpairmentOfInvestments_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Impairments</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2019/elts/us-gaap-2019-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_IncomeLossFromEquityMethodInvestments" xlink:label="us-gaap_IncomeLossFromEquityMethodInvestments" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_IncomeLossFromEquityMethodInvestments" xlink:to="us-gaap_IncomeLossFromEquityMethodInvestments_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_IncomeLossFromEquityMethodInvestments_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Total losses on equity investments</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="abvcd-20190331.xsd#abvcd_LongtermInvestmentTextualAbstract" xlink:label="abvcd_LongtermInvestmentTextualAbstract" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="abvcd_LongtermInvestmentTextualAbstract" xlink:to="abvcd_LongtermInvestmentTextualAbstract_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="abvcd_LongtermInvestmentTextualAbstract_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Long-Term Investments (Textual)</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2019/elts/us-gaap-2019-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_DebtInstrumentConvertibleThresholdPercentageOfStockPriceTrigger" xlink:label="us-gaap_DebtInstrumentConvertibleThresholdPercentageOfStockPriceTrigger" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_DebtInstrumentConvertibleThresholdPercentageOfStockPriceTrigger" xlink:to="us-gaap_DebtInstrumentConvertibleThresholdPercentageOfStockPriceTrigger_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_DebtInstrumentConvertibleThresholdPercentageOfStockPriceTrigger_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Percentage of common stock shares</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2019/elts/us-gaap-2019-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_SaleOfStockDescriptionOfTransaction" xlink:label="us-gaap_SaleOfStockDescriptionOfTransaction" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_SaleOfStockDescriptionOfTransaction" xlink:to="us-gaap_SaleOfStockDescriptionOfTransaction_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_SaleOfStockDescriptionOfTransaction_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Sale of common stock, description</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_StockIssuedDuringPeriodValueNewIssues" xlink:to="us-gaap_StockIssuedDuringPeriodValueNewIssues_3_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/positiveLabel" xlink:label="us-gaap_StockIssuedDuringPeriodValueNewIssues_3_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Issued shares</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2019/elts/us-gaap-2019-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_SaleOfStockPricePerShare" xlink:label="us-gaap_SaleOfStockPricePerShare" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_SaleOfStockPricePerShare" xlink:to="us-gaap_SaleOfStockPricePerShare_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_SaleOfStockPricePerShare_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Common stock price</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_StockIssuedDuringPeriodSharesNewIssues" xlink:to="us-gaap_StockIssuedDuringPeriodSharesNewIssues_3_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/positiveLabel" xlink:label="us-gaap_StockIssuedDuringPeriodSharesNewIssues_3_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Aggregate number of shares</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2019/elts/us-gaap-2019-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_AccruedPayrollTaxesCurrent" xlink:label="us-gaap_AccruedPayrollTaxesCurrent" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_AccruedPayrollTaxesCurrent" xlink:to="us-gaap_AccruedPayrollTaxesCurrent_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_AccruedPayrollTaxesCurrent_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Accrued payroll</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2019/elts/us-gaap-2019-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_AccruedRentCurrent" xlink:label="us-gaap_AccruedRentCurrent" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_AccruedRentCurrent" xlink:to="us-gaap_AccruedRentCurrent_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_AccruedRentCurrent_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Accrued rent</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="abvcd-20190331.xsd#abvcd_AccruedInterestExpenseRelatedParty" xlink:label="abvcd_AccruedInterestExpenseRelatedParty" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="abvcd_AccruedInterestExpenseRelatedParty" xlink:to="abvcd_AccruedInterestExpenseRelatedParty_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="abvcd_AccruedInterestExpenseRelatedParty_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Accrued interest expense - related party (Note 7)</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="abvcd-20190331.xsd#abvcd_AccruedExpenses" xlink:label="abvcd_AccruedExpenses" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="abvcd_AccruedExpenses" xlink:to="abvcd_AccruedExpenses_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="abvcd_AccruedExpenses_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Accrued expenses</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_AccruedLiabilitiesCurrentAndNoncurrent" xlink:to="us-gaap_AccruedLiabilitiesCurrentAndNoncurrent_2_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/totalLabel" xlink:label="us-gaap_AccruedLiabilitiesCurrentAndNoncurrent_2_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Total</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="abvcd-20190331.xsd#abvcd_ConvertibleNotesPayableTextualAbstract" xlink:label="abvcd_ConvertibleNotesPayableTextualAbstract" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="abvcd_ConvertibleNotesPayableTextualAbstract" xlink:to="abvcd_ConvertibleNotesPayableTextualAbstract_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="abvcd_ConvertibleNotesPayableTextualAbstract_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Convertible Notes Payable (Textual)</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2019/elts/us-gaap-2019-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_DebtInstrumentFaceAmount" xlink:label="us-gaap_DebtInstrumentFaceAmount" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_DebtInstrumentFaceAmount" xlink:to="us-gaap_DebtInstrumentFaceAmount_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_DebtInstrumentFaceAmount_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Aggregate principal amount</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2019/elts/us-gaap-2019-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_DebtInstrumentInterestRateDuringPeriod" xlink:label="us-gaap_DebtInstrumentInterestRateDuringPeriod" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_DebtInstrumentInterestRateDuringPeriod" xlink:to="us-gaap_DebtInstrumentInterestRateDuringPeriod_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_DebtInstrumentInterestRateDuringPeriod_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Bears interest rate</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2019/elts/us-gaap-2019-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_PaymentsToAcquireNotesReceivable" xlink:label="us-gaap_PaymentsToAcquireNotesReceivable" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_PaymentsToAcquireNotesReceivable" xlink:to="us-gaap_PaymentsToAcquireNotesReceivable_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_PaymentsToAcquireNotesReceivable_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Convertible promissory note received</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_SaleOfStockDescriptionOfTransaction" xlink:to="us-gaap_SaleOfStockDescriptionOfTransaction_2_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:label="us-gaap_SaleOfStockDescriptionOfTransaction_2_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Equity offering, description</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_ConversionOfStockDescription" xlink:to="us-gaap_ConversionOfStockDescription_2_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:label="us-gaap_ConversionOfStockDescription_2_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Conversion price, description</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2019/elts/us-gaap-2019-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_ConvertibleDebt" xlink:label="us-gaap_ConvertibleDebt" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_ConvertibleDebt" xlink:to="us-gaap_ConvertibleDebt_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_ConvertibleDebt_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Convertible debenture</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2019/elts/us-gaap-2019-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_DebtInstrumentIncreaseAccruedInterest" xlink:label="us-gaap_DebtInstrumentIncreaseAccruedInterest" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_DebtInstrumentIncreaseAccruedInterest" xlink:to="us-gaap_DebtInstrumentIncreaseAccruedInterest_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_DebtInstrumentIncreaseAccruedInterest_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Accrued convertible interest</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="abvcd_AccruedInterestNoncurrent" xlink:to="abvcd_AccruedInterestNoncurrent_2_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:label="abvcd_AccruedInterestNoncurrent_2_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Interest expense</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2019/elts/us-gaap-2019-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_ShortTermBorrowings" xlink:label="us-gaap_ShortTermBorrowings" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_ShortTermBorrowings" xlink:to="us-gaap_ShortTermBorrowings_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:label="us-gaap_ShortTermBorrowings_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Total</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2019/elts/us-gaap-2019-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_LongTermDebt" xlink:label="us-gaap_LongTermDebt" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_LongTermDebt" xlink:to="us-gaap_LongTermDebt_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_LongTermDebt_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Cathay United Bank</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2019/elts/us-gaap-2019-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_LongTermDebtCurrent" xlink:label="us-gaap_LongTermDebtCurrent" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_LongTermDebtCurrent" xlink:to="us-gaap_LongTermDebtCurrent_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/negatedLabel" xlink:label="us-gaap_LongTermDebtCurrent_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Less: current portion of long-term bank loan</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2019/elts/us-gaap-2019-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_LongTermDebtNoncurrent" xlink:label="us-gaap_LongTermDebtNoncurrent" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_LongTermDebtNoncurrent" xlink:to="us-gaap_LongTermDebtNoncurrent_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:label="us-gaap_LongTermDebtNoncurrent_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Total</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="abvcd_TypeOfCurrencyNameAxis" xlink:to="abvcd_TypeOfCurrencyNameAxis_2_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:label="abvcd_TypeOfCurrencyNameAxis_2_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">TypeOfCurrencyNameAxis [Axis]</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="abvcd_ReportingDateAxis" xlink:to="abvcd_ReportingDateAxis_2_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:label="abvcd_ReportingDateAxis_2_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">ReportingDateAxis [Axis]</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="abvcd-20190331.xsd#abvcd_BankLoansTextualAbstract" xlink:label="abvcd_BankLoansTextualAbstract" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="abvcd_BankLoansTextualAbstract" xlink:to="abvcd_BankLoansTextualAbstract_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="abvcd_BankLoansTextualAbstract_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Bank Loans (Textual)</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_DebtInstrumentFaceAmount" xlink:to="us-gaap_DebtInstrumentFaceAmount_2_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:label="us-gaap_DebtInstrumentFaceAmount_2_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Principal amount</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2019/elts/us-gaap-2019-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_DebtInstrumentMaturityDate" xlink:label="us-gaap_DebtInstrumentMaturityDate" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_DebtInstrumentMaturityDate" xlink:to="us-gaap_DebtInstrumentMaturityDate_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_DebtInstrumentMaturityDate_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Maturity date</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2019/elts/us-gaap-2019-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_DebtInstrumentTerm" xlink:label="us-gaap_DebtInstrumentTerm" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_DebtInstrumentTerm" xlink:to="us-gaap_DebtInstrumentTerm_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_DebtInstrumentTerm_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Debt instrument term</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2019/elts/us-gaap-2019-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_DebtInstrumentInterestRateEffectivePercentage" xlink:label="us-gaap_DebtInstrumentInterestRateEffectivePercentage" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_DebtInstrumentInterestRateEffectivePercentage" xlink:to="us-gaap_DebtInstrumentInterestRateEffectivePercentage_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_DebtInstrumentInterestRateEffectivePercentage_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Bears interest floating rate</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="abvcd-20190331.xsd#abvcd_DebtInstrumentDueDate" xlink:label="abvcd_DebtInstrumentDueDate" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="abvcd_DebtInstrumentDueDate" xlink:to="abvcd_DebtInstrumentDueDate_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="abvcd_DebtInstrumentDueDate_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Debt instrument due date</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2019/elts/us-gaap-2019-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_InterestAndDebtExpense" xlink:label="us-gaap_InterestAndDebtExpense" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_InterestAndDebtExpense" xlink:to="us-gaap_InterestAndDebtExpense_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_InterestAndDebtExpense_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Interest expenses</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="abvcd-20190331.xsd#abvcd_ReceivedLoanAmount" xlink:label="abvcd_ReceivedLoanAmount" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="abvcd_ReceivedLoanAmount" xlink:to="abvcd_ReceivedLoanAmount_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="abvcd_ReceivedLoanAmount_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Received loan amount</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="abvcd-20190331.xsd#abvcd_ExceedingAmount" xlink:label="abvcd_ExceedingAmount" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="abvcd_ExceedingAmount" xlink:to="abvcd_ExceedingAmount_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="abvcd_ExceedingAmount_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Exceeding amount</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="abvcd-20190331.xsd#abvcd_RegularInterestRateDescription" xlink:label="abvcd_RegularInterestRateDescription" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="abvcd_RegularInterestRateDescription" xlink:to="abvcd_RegularInterestRateDescription_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="abvcd_RegularInterestRateDescription_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Regular interest rate, description</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="abvcd-20190331.xsd#abvcd_NotesPayableTextualAbstract" xlink:label="abvcd_NotesPayableTextualAbstract" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="abvcd_NotesPayableTextualAbstract" xlink:to="abvcd_NotesPayableTextualAbstract_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="abvcd_NotesPayableTextualAbstract_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Notes Payable (Textual)</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="abvcd-20190331.xsd#abvcd_PromissoryNoteDescription" xlink:label="abvcd_PromissoryNoteDescription" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="abvcd_PromissoryNoteDescription" xlink:to="abvcd_PromissoryNoteDescription_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="abvcd_PromissoryNoteDescription_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Promissory note, Description</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2019/elts/us-gaap-2019-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_DebtInstrumentInterestRateStatedPercentage" xlink:label="us-gaap_DebtInstrumentInterestRateStatedPercentage" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_DebtInstrumentInterestRateStatedPercentage" xlink:to="us-gaap_DebtInstrumentInterestRateStatedPercentage_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_DebtInstrumentInterestRateStatedPercentage_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Interest</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2019/elts/us-gaap-2019-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_InterestExpenseOther" xlink:label="us-gaap_InterestExpenseOther" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_InterestExpenseOther" xlink:to="us-gaap_InterestExpenseOther_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:label="us-gaap_InterestExpenseOther_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Interest expenses</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="abvcd-20190331.xsd#abvcd_UnsecuredLoanAgreementsDescription" xlink:label="abvcd_UnsecuredLoanAgreementsDescription" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="abvcd_UnsecuredLoanAgreementsDescription" xlink:to="abvcd_UnsecuredLoanAgreementsDescription_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="abvcd_UnsecuredLoanAgreementsDescription_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Unsecured loan agreements, Description</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="abvcd_BioFirstAustraliaMember" xlink:to="abvcd_BioFirstAustraliaMember_3_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:label="abvcd_BioFirstAustraliaMember_3_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">BioFirst (Australia) Pty Ltd. (the "BioFirst (Australia)") [Member]</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="abvcd_RgeneCorporationMember" xlink:to="abvcd_RgeneCorporationMember_3_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:label="abvcd_RgeneCorporationMember_3_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Rgene Corporation (the "Rgene") [Member]</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="abvcd_YuangeneCorporationMember" xlink:to="abvcd_YuangeneCorporationMember_2_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:label="abvcd_YuangeneCorporationMember_2_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Yuangene Corporation (the "Yuangene") [Member]</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="abvcd_AsiangeneCorporationMember" xlink:to="abvcd_AsiangeneCorporationMember_2_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:label="abvcd_AsiangeneCorporationMember_2_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">AsianGene Corporation (the "AsianGene") [Member]</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="abvcd_KeypointTechnologyMember" xlink:to="abvcd_KeypointTechnologyMember_2_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:label="abvcd_KeypointTechnologyMember_2_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Keypoint Technology Ltd. (the "Keypoint') [Member]</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="abvcd_YoshinobuOdairaMember" xlink:to="abvcd_YoshinobuOdairaMember_2_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:label="abvcd_YoshinobuOdairaMember_2_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Yoshinobu Odaira (the "Odaira") [Member]</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="abvcd_MrTsungShannJiangMsShuLingJiangAndMrEugeneJiangMember" xlink:to="abvcd_MrTsungShannJiangMsShuLingJiangAndMrEugeneJiangMember_2_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:label="abvcd_MrTsungShannJiangMsShuLingJiangAndMrEugeneJiangMember_2_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Mr. Tsung-Shann Jiang, Ms. Shu-Ling Jiang and Mr. Eugene Jiang (the "Jiangs")</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="abvcd_EuroAsiaInvestmentAndFinanceCorpLtdMember" xlink:to="abvcd_EuroAsiaInvestmentAndFinanceCorpLtdMember_2_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:label="abvcd_EuroAsiaInvestmentAndFinanceCorpLtdMember_2_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Euro-Asia Investment &amp; Finance Corp Ltd. (the "Euro-Asia") [Member]</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="abvcd_KimhoConsultantsCoLtdMember" xlink:to="abvcd_KimhoConsultantsCoLtdMember_2_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:label="abvcd_KimhoConsultantsCoLtdMember_2_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Kimho Consultants Co., Ltd. (the "Kimho") [Member]</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="abvcd_GenePharmIncMember" xlink:to="abvcd_GenePharmIncMember_2_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:label="abvcd_GenePharmIncMember_2_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">GenePharm Inc. [Member]</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2019/elts/us-gaap-2019-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_AccountsReceivableRelatedPartiesCurrent" xlink:label="us-gaap_AccountsReceivableRelatedPartiesCurrent" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_AccountsReceivableRelatedPartiesCurrent" xlink:to="us-gaap_AccountsReceivableRelatedPartiesCurrent_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:label="us-gaap_AccountsReceivableRelatedPartiesCurrent_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Total</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_NotesReceivableRelatedPartiesCurrent" xlink:to="us-gaap_NotesReceivableRelatedPartiesCurrent_2_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:label="us-gaap_NotesReceivableRelatedPartiesCurrent_2_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Total</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="abvcd_LionArtsPromotionIncMember" xlink:to="abvcd_LionArtsPromotionIncMember_2_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:label="abvcd_LionArtsPromotionIncMember_2_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Lion Arts Promotion Inc. [Member]</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="abvcd_LionGeneCorporationMember" xlink:to="abvcd_LionGeneCorporationMember_2_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:label="abvcd_LionGeneCorporationMember_2_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">LionGene Corporation [Member]</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="abvcd_AsiangeneCorporationMember" xlink:to="abvcd_AsiangeneCorporationMember_3_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:label="abvcd_AsiangeneCorporationMember_3_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">AsianGene Corporation [Member]</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="abvcd_YuangeneCorporationMember" xlink:to="abvcd_YuangeneCorporationMember_3_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:label="abvcd_YuangeneCorporationMember_3_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">YuanGene Corporation [Member]</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2019/elts/us-gaap-2019-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_DueToRelatedPartiesCurrent" xlink:label="us-gaap_DueToRelatedPartiesCurrent" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_DueToRelatedPartiesCurrent" xlink:to="us-gaap_DueToRelatedPartiesCurrent_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:label="us-gaap_DueToRelatedPartiesCurrent_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Total</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_NotesReceivableRelatedPartiesCurrent" xlink:to="us-gaap_NotesReceivableRelatedPartiesCurrent_3_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:label="us-gaap_NotesReceivableRelatedPartiesCurrent_3_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Other receivable - related parties total</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="abvcd-20190331.xsd#abvcd_RelatedPartiesTransactionsTextualAbstract" xlink:label="abvcd_RelatedPartiesTransactionsTextualAbstract" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="abvcd_RelatedPartiesTransactionsTextualAbstract" xlink:to="abvcd_RelatedPartiesTransactionsTextualAbstract_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="abvcd_RelatedPartiesTransactionsTextualAbstract_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Related Parties Transactions (Textual)</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_DueToRelatedPartiesCurrentAndNoncurrent" xlink:to="us-gaap_DueToRelatedPartiesCurrentAndNoncurrent_2_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:label="us-gaap_DueToRelatedPartiesCurrentAndNoncurrent_2_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Amount received from BriVision</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2019/elts/us-gaap-2019-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_OtherCommitment" xlink:label="us-gaap_OtherCommitment" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_OtherCommitment" xlink:to="us-gaap_OtherCommitment_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_OtherCommitment_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Total commitment</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_DebtInstrumentMaturityDate" xlink:to="us-gaap_DebtInstrumentMaturityDate_2_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:label="us-gaap_DebtInstrumentMaturityDate_2_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Loan maturity date</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2019/elts/us-gaap-2019-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_DebtInstrumentInterestRateTerms" xlink:label="us-gaap_DebtInstrumentInterestRateTerms" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_DebtInstrumentInterestRateTerms" xlink:to="us-gaap_DebtInstrumentInterestRateTerms_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_DebtInstrumentInterestRateTerms_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Loan agreement, description</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2019/elts/us-gaap-2019-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_ShorttermDebtAverageOutstandingAmount" xlink:label="us-gaap_ShorttermDebtAverageOutstandingAmount" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_ShorttermDebtAverageOutstandingAmount" xlink:to="us-gaap_ShorttermDebtAverageOutstandingAmount_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_ShorttermDebtAverageOutstandingAmount_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Outstanding loan</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_DebtInstrumentIncreaseAccruedInterest" xlink:to="us-gaap_DebtInstrumentIncreaseAccruedInterest_2_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:label="us-gaap_DebtInstrumentIncreaseAccruedInterest_2_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Accrued interest</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_InterestExpense" xlink:to="us-gaap_InterestExpense_2_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:label="us-gaap_InterestExpense_2_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Interest expenses</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2019/elts/us-gaap-2019-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_CostsAndExpensesRelatedParty" xlink:label="us-gaap_CostsAndExpensesRelatedParty" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_CostsAndExpensesRelatedParty" xlink:to="us-gaap_CostsAndExpensesRelatedParty_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_CostsAndExpensesRelatedParty_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Research and development cost of amount</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="abvcd-20190331.xsd#abvcd_AggregateWorkingcapital" xlink:label="abvcd_AggregateWorkingcapital" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="abvcd_AggregateWorkingcapital" xlink:to="abvcd_AggregateWorkingcapital_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="abvcd_AggregateWorkingcapital_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Aggregate working capital</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2019/elts/us-gaap-2019-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_RelatedPartyTransactionRate" xlink:label="us-gaap_RelatedPartyTransactionRate" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_RelatedPartyTransactionRate" xlink:to="us-gaap_RelatedPartyTransactionRate_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_RelatedPartyTransactionRate_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Interest rate percentage</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2019/elts/us-gaap-2019-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseInPrepaidExpense" xlink:label="us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseInPrepaidExpense" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseInPrepaidExpense" xlink:to="us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseInPrepaidExpense_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseInPrepaidExpense_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Outstanding advance</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_StockIssuedDuringPeriodValueNewIssues" xlink:to="us-gaap_StockIssuedDuringPeriodValueNewIssues_4_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/positiveTerseLabel" xlink:label="us-gaap_StockIssuedDuringPeriodValueNewIssues_4_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Common stock new issues</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2019/elts/us-gaap-2019-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_RelatedPartyTransactionDueFromToRelatedParty" xlink:label="us-gaap_RelatedPartyTransactionDueFromToRelatedParty" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_RelatedPartyTransactionDueFromToRelatedParty" xlink:to="us-gaap_RelatedPartyTransactionDueFromToRelatedParty_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_RelatedPartyTransactionDueFromToRelatedParty_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Due to BioFirst</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="abvcd-20190331.xsd#abvcd_ConsultingService" xlink:label="abvcd_ConsultingService" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="abvcd_ConsultingService" xlink:to="abvcd_ConsultingService_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="abvcd_ConsultingService_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Consulting service</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2019/elts/us-gaap-2019-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_PaymentsForRent" xlink:label="us-gaap_PaymentsForRent" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_PaymentsForRent" xlink:to="us-gaap_PaymentsForRent_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_PaymentsForRent_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Monthly base rent</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2019/elts/us-gaap-2019-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_LeaseAndRentalExpense" xlink:label="us-gaap_LeaseAndRentalExpense" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_LeaseAndRentalExpense" xlink:to="us-gaap_LeaseAndRentalExpense_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_LeaseAndRentalExpense_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Rent expenses</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2019/elts/us-gaap-2019-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_RelatedPartyTransactionDescriptionOfTransaction" xlink:label="us-gaap_RelatedPartyTransactionDescriptionOfTransaction" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_RelatedPartyTransactionDescriptionOfTransaction" xlink:to="us-gaap_RelatedPartyTransactionDescriptionOfTransaction_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_RelatedPartyTransactionDescriptionOfTransaction_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Related party transactions, description</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2019/elts/us-gaap-2019-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_AllocatedShareBasedCompensationExpense" xlink:label="us-gaap_AllocatedShareBasedCompensationExpense" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_AllocatedShareBasedCompensationExpense" xlink:to="us-gaap_AllocatedShareBasedCompensationExpense_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_AllocatedShareBasedCompensationExpense_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Stock based compensation expenses</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="abvcd-20190331.xsd#abvcd_OneTimeConsultingService" xlink:label="abvcd_OneTimeConsultingService" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="abvcd_OneTimeConsultingService" xlink:to="abvcd_OneTimeConsultingService_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="abvcd_OneTimeConsultingService_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">One-time consulting service</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2019/elts/us-gaap-2019-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_SubsidiaryOrEquityMethodInvesteeSaleOfStockBySubsidiaryOrEquityInvesteeTable" xlink:label="us-gaap_SubsidiaryOrEquityMethodInvesteeSaleOfStockBySubsidiaryOrEquityInvesteeTable" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_SubsidiaryOrEquityMethodInvesteeSaleOfStockBySubsidiaryOrEquityInvesteeTable" xlink:to="us-gaap_SubsidiaryOrEquityMethodInvesteeSaleOfStockBySubsidiaryOrEquityInvesteeTable_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_SubsidiaryOrEquityMethodInvesteeSaleOfStockBySubsidiaryOrEquityInvesteeTable_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Subsidiary or Equity Method Investee, Sale of Stock by Subsidiary or Equity Investee [Table]</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2019/elts/us-gaap-2019-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_SubsidiarySaleOfStockLineItems" xlink:label="us-gaap_SubsidiarySaleOfStockLineItems" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_SubsidiarySaleOfStockLineItems" xlink:to="us-gaap_SubsidiarySaleOfStockLineItems_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_SubsidiarySaleOfStockLineItems_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Subsidiary, Sale of Stock [Line Items]</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="abvcd_EuroAsiaInvestmentAndFinanceCorpLtdMember" xlink:to="abvcd_EuroAsiaInvestmentAndFinanceCorpLtdMember_3_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:label="abvcd_EuroAsiaInvestmentAndFinanceCorpLtdMember_3_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Euro-Asia Investment &amp; Finance Corp Ltd. [Member]</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="abvcd_EquityIncentivePlanMember" xlink:to="abvcd_EquityIncentivePlanMember_2_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:label="abvcd_EquityIncentivePlanMember_2_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">2016 Equity Incentive Plan [Member]</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="abvcd-20190331.xsd#abvcd_EquityTextualAbstract" xlink:label="abvcd_EquityTextualAbstract" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="abvcd_EquityTextualAbstract" xlink:to="abvcd_EquityTextualAbstract_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="abvcd_EquityTextualAbstract_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Equity (Textual)</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_StockholdersEquityReverseStockSplit" xlink:to="us-gaap_StockholdersEquityReverseStockSplit_3_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:label="us-gaap_StockholdersEquityReverseStockSplit_3_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Description of forward split</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2019/elts/us-gaap-2019-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_CommonStockShareSubscribedButUnissuedSubscriptionsReceivable" xlink:label="us-gaap_CommonStockShareSubscribedButUnissuedSubscriptionsReceivable" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_CommonStockShareSubscribedButUnissuedSubscriptionsReceivable" xlink:to="us-gaap_CommonStockShareSubscribedButUnissuedSubscriptionsReceivable_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_CommonStockShareSubscribedButUnissuedSubscriptionsReceivable_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Subscription receivable</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_StockIssuedDuringPeriodValueNewIssues" xlink:to="us-gaap_StockIssuedDuringPeriodValueNewIssues_5_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/zeroTerseLabel" xlink:label="us-gaap_StockIssuedDuringPeriodValueNewIssues_5_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Issuance of common shares</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_StockIssuedDuringPeriodSharesNewIssues" xlink:to="us-gaap_StockIssuedDuringPeriodSharesNewIssues_4_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/positiveTerseLabel" xlink:label="us-gaap_StockIssuedDuringPeriodSharesNewIssues_4_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Issuance of common shares, shares</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_SaleOfStockPricePerShare" xlink:to="us-gaap_SaleOfStockPricePerShare_2_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:label="us-gaap_SaleOfStockPricePerShare_2_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Purchase price per share</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2019/elts/us-gaap-2019-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_ProceedsFromIssuanceInitialPublicOffering" xlink:label="us-gaap_ProceedsFromIssuanceInitialPublicOffering" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_ProceedsFromIssuanceInitialPublicOffering" xlink:to="us-gaap_ProceedsFromIssuanceInitialPublicOffering_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_ProceedsFromIssuanceInitialPublicOffering_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Net proceeds from offering</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="abvcd-20190331.xsd#abvcd_ConversionOfExchangeRatio" xlink:label="abvcd_ConversionOfExchangeRatio" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="abvcd_ConversionOfExchangeRatio" xlink:to="abvcd_ConversionOfExchangeRatio_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="abvcd_ConversionOfExchangeRatio_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Exchange ratio</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_AccountsPayableRelatedPartiesCurrentAndNoncurrent" xlink:to="us-gaap_AccountsPayableRelatedPartiesCurrentAndNoncurrent_2_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_AccountsPayableRelatedPartiesCurrentAndNoncurrent_2_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Total payment upon first IND submission</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="abvcd-20190331.xsd#abvcd_PercentageOfPaymentsUnderCollaborativeAgreement" xlink:label="abvcd_PercentageOfPaymentsUnderCollaborativeAgreement" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="abvcd_PercentageOfPaymentsUnderCollaborativeAgreement" xlink:to="abvcd_PercentageOfPaymentsUnderCollaborativeAgreement_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="abvcd_PercentageOfPaymentsUnderCollaborativeAgreement_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Percentage of payments under collaborative agreement</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="abvcd-20190331.xsd#abvcd_Remittedamount" xlink:label="abvcd_Remittedamount" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="abvcd_Remittedamount" xlink:to="abvcd_Remittedamount_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="abvcd_Remittedamount_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Remitted amount</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="abvcd-20190331.xsd#abvcd_Consultingagreementdescription" xlink:label="abvcd_Consultingagreementdescription" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="abvcd_Consultingagreementdescription" xlink:to="abvcd_Consultingagreementdescription_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="abvcd_Consultingagreementdescription_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Consulting agreement, description</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2019/elts/us-gaap-2019-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_ProfessionalFees" xlink:label="us-gaap_ProfessionalFees" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_ProfessionalFees" xlink:to="us-gaap_ProfessionalFees_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_ProfessionalFees_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Professional fees</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2019/elts/us-gaap-2019-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_IssuanceOfStockAndWarrantsForServicesOrClaims" xlink:label="us-gaap_IssuanceOfStockAndWarrantsForServicesOrClaims" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_IssuanceOfStockAndWarrantsForServicesOrClaims" xlink:to="us-gaap_IssuanceOfStockAndWarrantsForServicesOrClaims_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_IssuanceOfStockAndWarrantsForServicesOrClaims_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Non-employee stock-based compensation</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="abvcd-20190331.xsd#abvcd_CommonStockSharesIssuedTotal" xlink:label="abvcd_CommonStockSharesIssuedTotal" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="abvcd_CommonStockSharesIssuedTotal" xlink:to="abvcd_CommonStockSharesIssuedTotal_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="abvcd_CommonStockSharesIssuedTotal_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Common stock, shares issued total</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="abvcd-20190331.xsd#abvcd_FinancialAmendmentDescription" xlink:label="abvcd_FinancialAmendmentDescription" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="abvcd_FinancialAmendmentDescription" xlink:to="abvcd_FinancialAmendmentDescription_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="abvcd_FinancialAmendmentDescription_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Financial amendment, description</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="abvcd-20190331.xsd#abvcd_AgreementDescription" xlink:label="abvcd_AgreementDescription" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="abvcd_AgreementDescription" xlink:to="abvcd_AgreementDescription_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="abvcd_AgreementDescription_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Agreement, description</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2019/elts/us-gaap-2019-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_FederalIncomeTaxExpenseBenefitContinuingOperationsAbstract" xlink:label="us-gaap_FederalIncomeTaxExpenseBenefitContinuingOperationsAbstract" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_FederalIncomeTaxExpenseBenefitContinuingOperationsAbstract" xlink:to="us-gaap_FederalIncomeTaxExpenseBenefitContinuingOperationsAbstract_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_FederalIncomeTaxExpenseBenefitContinuingOperationsAbstract_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Federal</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2019/elts/us-gaap-2019-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_CurrentFederalTaxExpenseBenefit" xlink:label="us-gaap_CurrentFederalTaxExpenseBenefit" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_CurrentFederalTaxExpenseBenefit" xlink:to="us-gaap_CurrentFederalTaxExpenseBenefit_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_CurrentFederalTaxExpenseBenefit_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Current</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2019/elts/us-gaap-2019-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_DeferredFederalIncomeTaxExpenseBenefit" xlink:label="us-gaap_DeferredFederalIncomeTaxExpenseBenefit" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_DeferredFederalIncomeTaxExpenseBenefit" xlink:to="us-gaap_DeferredFederalIncomeTaxExpenseBenefit_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_DeferredFederalIncomeTaxExpenseBenefit_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Deferred</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="abvcd-20190331.xsd#abvcd_FederalTotal" xlink:label="abvcd_FederalTotal" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="abvcd_FederalTotal" xlink:to="abvcd_FederalTotal_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/totalLabel" xlink:label="abvcd_FederalTotal_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Federal Total</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2019/elts/us-gaap-2019-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_StateAndLocalIncomeTaxExpenseBenefitContinuingOperationsAbstract" xlink:label="us-gaap_StateAndLocalIncomeTaxExpenseBenefitContinuingOperationsAbstract" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_StateAndLocalIncomeTaxExpenseBenefitContinuingOperationsAbstract" xlink:to="us-gaap_StateAndLocalIncomeTaxExpenseBenefitContinuingOperationsAbstract_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_StateAndLocalIncomeTaxExpenseBenefitContinuingOperationsAbstract_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">State</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2019/elts/us-gaap-2019-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_CurrentStateAndLocalTaxExpenseBenefit" xlink:label="us-gaap_CurrentStateAndLocalTaxExpenseBenefit" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_CurrentStateAndLocalTaxExpenseBenefit" xlink:to="us-gaap_CurrentStateAndLocalTaxExpenseBenefit_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:label="us-gaap_CurrentStateAndLocalTaxExpenseBenefit_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Current</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2019/elts/us-gaap-2019-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_DeferredStateAndLocalIncomeTaxExpenseBenefit" xlink:label="us-gaap_DeferredStateAndLocalIncomeTaxExpenseBenefit" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_DeferredStateAndLocalIncomeTaxExpenseBenefit" xlink:to="us-gaap_DeferredStateAndLocalIncomeTaxExpenseBenefit_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:label="us-gaap_DeferredStateAndLocalIncomeTaxExpenseBenefit_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Deferred</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="abvcd-20190331.xsd#abvcd_StateTotal" xlink:label="abvcd_StateTotal" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="abvcd_StateTotal" xlink:to="abvcd_StateTotal_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
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      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_CurrentIncomeTaxExpenseBenefit" xlink:to="us-gaap_CurrentIncomeTaxExpenseBenefit_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_CurrentIncomeTaxExpenseBenefit_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Current total</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_DeferredIncomeTaxExpenseBenefit" xlink:to="us-gaap_DeferredIncomeTaxExpenseBenefit_2_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:label="us-gaap_DeferredIncomeTaxExpenseBenefit_2_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Deferred total</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_IncomeTaxExpenseBenefit" xlink:to="us-gaap_IncomeTaxExpenseBenefit_3_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/positiveLabel" xlink:label="us-gaap_IncomeTaxExpenseBenefit_3_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Total</link:label>
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      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2019/elts/us-gaap-2019-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_DeferredTaxAssetsNetNoncurrentClassificationAbstract" xlink:label="us-gaap_DeferredTaxAssetsNetNoncurrentClassificationAbstract" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_DeferredTaxAssetsNetNoncurrentClassificationAbstract" xlink:to="us-gaap_DeferredTaxAssetsNetNoncurrentClassificationAbstract_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_DeferredTaxAssetsNetNoncurrentClassificationAbstract_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Deferred Tax Account - noncurrent:</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2019/elts/us-gaap-2019-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_DeferredTaxAssetsGrossNoncurrent" xlink:label="us-gaap_DeferredTaxAssetsGrossNoncurrent" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_DeferredTaxAssetsGrossNoncurrent" xlink:to="us-gaap_DeferredTaxAssetsGrossNoncurrent_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_DeferredTaxAssetsGrossNoncurrent_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Tax losses carryforwards</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2019/elts/us-gaap-2019-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_DeferredTaxAssetsValuationAllowanceNoncurrent" xlink:label="us-gaap_DeferredTaxAssetsValuationAllowanceNoncurrent" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_DeferredTaxAssetsValuationAllowanceNoncurrent" xlink:to="us-gaap_DeferredTaxAssetsValuationAllowanceNoncurrent_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/negatedLabel" xlink:label="us-gaap_DeferredTaxAssetsValuationAllowanceNoncurrent_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Less: Valuation allowance</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2019/elts/us-gaap-2019-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_DeferredTaxAssetsNetNoncurrent" xlink:label="us-gaap_DeferredTaxAssetsNetNoncurrent" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_DeferredTaxAssetsNetNoncurrent" xlink:to="us-gaap_DeferredTaxAssetsNetNoncurrent_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/totalLabel" xlink:label="us-gaap_DeferredTaxAssetsNetNoncurrent_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Total deferred tax account - noncurrent</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2019/elts/us-gaap-2019-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_EffectiveIncomeTaxRateReconciliationAtFederalStatutoryIncomeTaxRate" xlink:label="us-gaap_EffectiveIncomeTaxRateReconciliationAtFederalStatutoryIncomeTaxRate" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_EffectiveIncomeTaxRateReconciliationAtFederalStatutoryIncomeTaxRate" xlink:to="us-gaap_EffectiveIncomeTaxRateReconciliationAtFederalStatutoryIncomeTaxRate_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_EffectiveIncomeTaxRateReconciliationAtFederalStatutoryIncomeTaxRate_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Statutory federal tax benefit, net of state tax effects</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2019/elts/us-gaap-2019-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_EffectiveIncomeTaxRateReconciliationStateAndLocalIncomeTaxes" xlink:label="us-gaap_EffectiveIncomeTaxRateReconciliationStateAndLocalIncomeTaxes" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_EffectiveIncomeTaxRateReconciliationStateAndLocalIncomeTaxes" xlink:to="us-gaap_EffectiveIncomeTaxRateReconciliationStateAndLocalIncomeTaxes_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_EffectiveIncomeTaxRateReconciliationStateAndLocalIncomeTaxes_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">State income taxes</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="abvcd-20190331.xsd#abvcd_ProvisionalRemeasurementOfDeferredTaxes" xlink:label="abvcd_ProvisionalRemeasurementOfDeferredTaxes" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="abvcd_ProvisionalRemeasurementOfDeferredTaxes" xlink:to="abvcd_ProvisionalRemeasurementOfDeferredTaxes_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="abvcd_ProvisionalRemeasurementOfDeferredTaxes_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Provisional remeasurement of deferred taxes</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2019/elts/us-gaap-2019-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_EffectiveIncomeTaxRateReconciliationNondeductibleExpense" xlink:label="us-gaap_EffectiveIncomeTaxRateReconciliationNondeductibleExpense" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_EffectiveIncomeTaxRateReconciliationNondeductibleExpense" xlink:to="us-gaap_EffectiveIncomeTaxRateReconciliationNondeductibleExpense_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/negatedLabel" xlink:label="us-gaap_EffectiveIncomeTaxRateReconciliationNondeductibleExpense_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Nondeductible/nontaxable items</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2019/elts/us-gaap-2019-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_EffectiveIncomeTaxRateReconciliationChangeInDeferredTaxAssetsValuationAllowance" xlink:label="us-gaap_EffectiveIncomeTaxRateReconciliationChangeInDeferredTaxAssetsValuationAllowance" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_EffectiveIncomeTaxRateReconciliationChangeInDeferredTaxAssetsValuationAllowance" xlink:to="us-gaap_EffectiveIncomeTaxRateReconciliationChangeInDeferredTaxAssetsValuationAllowance_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_EffectiveIncomeTaxRateReconciliationChangeInDeferredTaxAssetsValuationAllowance_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Change in valuation allowance</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2019/elts/us-gaap-2019-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_EffectiveIncomeTaxRateContinuingOperations" xlink:label="us-gaap_EffectiveIncomeTaxRateContinuingOperations" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_EffectiveIncomeTaxRateContinuingOperations" xlink:to="us-gaap_EffectiveIncomeTaxRateContinuingOperations_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_EffectiveIncomeTaxRateContinuingOperations_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Effective income tax rate</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="abvcd-20190331.xsd#abvcd_IncomeTaxesTextualAbstract" xlink:label="abvcd_IncomeTaxesTextualAbstract" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="abvcd_IncomeTaxesTextualAbstract" xlink:to="abvcd_IncomeTaxesTextualAbstract_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="abvcd_IncomeTaxesTextualAbstract_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Income Tax (Textual)</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2019/elts/us-gaap-2019-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_IncomeTaxExaminationDescription" xlink:label="us-gaap_IncomeTaxExaminationDescription" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_IncomeTaxExaminationDescription" xlink:to="us-gaap_IncomeTaxExaminationDescription_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_IncomeTaxExaminationDescription_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Corporate tax rate, description</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="abvcd-20190331.xsd#abvcd_NumeratorAbstract" xlink:label="abvcd_NumeratorAbstract" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="abvcd_NumeratorAbstract" xlink:to="abvcd_NumeratorAbstract_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="abvcd_NumeratorAbstract_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Numerator:</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_NetIncomeLoss" xlink:to="us-gaap_NetIncomeLoss_6_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/definitionGuidance" xlink:label="us-gaap_NetIncomeLoss_6_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Net loss attributable to common stockholders</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="abvcd-20190331.xsd#abvcd_DenominatorAbstract" xlink:label="abvcd_DenominatorAbstract" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="abvcd_DenominatorAbstract" xlink:to="abvcd_DenominatorAbstract_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="abvcd_DenominatorAbstract_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Denominator:</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2019/elts/us-gaap-2019-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_WeightedAverageNumberOfSharesOutstandingAbstract" xlink:label="us-gaap_WeightedAverageNumberOfSharesOutstandingAbstract" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_WeightedAverageNumberOfSharesOutstandingAbstract" xlink:to="us-gaap_WeightedAverageNumberOfSharesOutstandingAbstract_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_WeightedAverageNumberOfSharesOutstandingAbstract_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Weighted-average shares outstanding:</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2019/elts/us-gaap-2019-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_WeightedAverageNumberOfSharesOutstandingBasic" xlink:label="us-gaap_WeightedAverageNumberOfSharesOutstandingBasic" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_WeightedAverageNumberOfSharesOutstandingBasic" xlink:to="us-gaap_WeightedAverageNumberOfSharesOutstandingBasic_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_WeightedAverageNumberOfSharesOutstandingBasic_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Weighted-average shares outstanding - Basic</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2019/elts/us-gaap-2019-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_IncrementalCommonSharesAttributableToCallOptionsAndWarrants" xlink:label="us-gaap_IncrementalCommonSharesAttributableToCallOptionsAndWarrants" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_IncrementalCommonSharesAttributableToCallOptionsAndWarrants" xlink:to="us-gaap_IncrementalCommonSharesAttributableToCallOptionsAndWarrants_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_IncrementalCommonSharesAttributableToCallOptionsAndWarrants_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Stock options</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2019/elts/us-gaap-2019-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_WeightedAverageNumberOfDilutedSharesOutstanding" xlink:label="us-gaap_WeightedAverageNumberOfDilutedSharesOutstanding" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_WeightedAverageNumberOfDilutedSharesOutstanding" xlink:to="us-gaap_WeightedAverageNumberOfDilutedSharesOutstanding_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_WeightedAverageNumberOfDilutedSharesOutstanding_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Weighted-average shares outstanding - Diluted</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_EarningsPerShareBasicAndDilutedAbstract" xlink:to="us-gaap_EarningsPerShareBasicAndDilutedAbstract_2_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:label="us-gaap_EarningsPerShareBasicAndDilutedAbstract_2_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Loss per share</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2019/elts/us-gaap-2019-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_EarningsPerShareBasic" xlink:label="us-gaap_EarningsPerShareBasic" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_EarningsPerShareBasic" xlink:to="us-gaap_EarningsPerShareBasic_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_EarningsPerShareBasic_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">-Basic</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2019/elts/us-gaap-2019-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_EarningsPerShareDiluted" xlink:label="us-gaap_EarningsPerShareDiluted" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_EarningsPerShareDiluted" xlink:to="us-gaap_EarningsPerShareDiluted_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_EarningsPerShareDiluted_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">-Diluted</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_AssetsAbstract" xlink:to="us-gaap_AssetsAbstract_2_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:label="us-gaap_AssetsAbstract_2_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">ASSETS</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2019/elts/us-gaap-2019-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_LiabilitiesAbstract" xlink:label="us-gaap_LiabilitiesAbstract" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_LiabilitiesAbstract" xlink:to="us-gaap_LiabilitiesAbstract_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_LiabilitiesAbstract_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">LIABILITIES</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_OperatingLeaseLiabilityCurrent" xlink:to="us-gaap_OperatingLeaseLiabilityCurrent_2_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:label="us-gaap_OperatingLeaseLiabilityCurrent_2_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Operating lease liabilities (current)</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_OperatingLeaseLiabilityNoncurrent" xlink:to="us-gaap_OperatingLeaseLiabilityNoncurrent_2_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:label="us-gaap_OperatingLeaseLiabilityNoncurrent_2_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Operating lease liabilities (noncurrent)</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2019/elts/us-gaap-2019-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_OperatingLeaseLeaseIncomeLeasePayments" xlink:label="us-gaap_OperatingLeaseLeaseIncomeLeasePayments" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_OperatingLeaseLeaseIncomeLeasePayments" xlink:to="us-gaap_OperatingLeaseLeaseIncomeLeasePayments_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_OperatingLeaseLeaseIncomeLeasePayments_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Cash paid for amounts included in the measurement of operating lease liabilities</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2019/elts/us-gaap-2019-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_OperatingLeaseWeightedAverageRemainingLeaseTerm1" xlink:label="us-gaap_OperatingLeaseWeightedAverageRemainingLeaseTerm1" />
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      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2019/elts/us-gaap-2019-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_OperatingLeaseWeightedAverageDiscountRatePercent" xlink:label="us-gaap_OperatingLeaseWeightedAverageDiscountRatePercent" />
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      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2019/elts/us-gaap-2019-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_OperatingLeasesFutureMinimumPaymentsRemainderOfFiscalYear" xlink:label="us-gaap_OperatingLeasesFutureMinimumPaymentsRemainderOfFiscalYear" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_OperatingLeasesFutureMinimumPaymentsRemainderOfFiscalYear" xlink:to="us-gaap_OperatingLeasesFutureMinimumPaymentsRemainderOfFiscalYear_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_OperatingLeasesFutureMinimumPaymentsRemainderOfFiscalYear_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">2019 (excluding the three months ended March 31, 2019)</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2019/elts/us-gaap-2019-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_OperatingLeasesFutureMinimumPaymentsDueInTwoYears" xlink:label="us-gaap_OperatingLeasesFutureMinimumPaymentsDueInTwoYears" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_OperatingLeasesFutureMinimumPaymentsDueInTwoYears" xlink:to="us-gaap_OperatingLeasesFutureMinimumPaymentsDueInTwoYears_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_OperatingLeasesFutureMinimumPaymentsDueInTwoYears_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">2020</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2019/elts/us-gaap-2019-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_OperatingLeasesFutureMinimumPaymentsDueInThreeYears" xlink:label="us-gaap_OperatingLeasesFutureMinimumPaymentsDueInThreeYears" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_OperatingLeasesFutureMinimumPaymentsDueInThreeYears" xlink:to="us-gaap_OperatingLeasesFutureMinimumPaymentsDueInThreeYears_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_OperatingLeasesFutureMinimumPaymentsDueInThreeYears_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">2021</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2019/elts/us-gaap-2019-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_OperatingLeasesFutureMinimumPaymentsDue" xlink:label="us-gaap_OperatingLeasesFutureMinimumPaymentsDue" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_OperatingLeasesFutureMinimumPaymentsDue" xlink:to="us-gaap_OperatingLeasesFutureMinimumPaymentsDue_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/totalLabel" xlink:label="us-gaap_OperatingLeasesFutureMinimumPaymentsDue_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Total future minimum lease payments, undiscounted</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2019/elts/us-gaap-2019-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_InterestPortionOfMinimumLeasePaymentsSaleLeasebackTransactions" xlink:label="us-gaap_InterestPortionOfMinimumLeasePaymentsSaleLeasebackTransactions" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_InterestPortionOfMinimumLeasePaymentsSaleLeasebackTransactions" xlink:to="us-gaap_InterestPortionOfMinimumLeasePaymentsSaleLeasebackTransactions_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/negatedLabel" xlink:label="us-gaap_InterestPortionOfMinimumLeasePaymentsSaleLeasebackTransactions_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Less: Imputed interest</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2019/elts/us-gaap-2019-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_PresentValueOfFutureMinimumLeasePaymentsSaleLeasebackTransactions" xlink:label="us-gaap_PresentValueOfFutureMinimumLeasePaymentsSaleLeasebackTransactions" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_PresentValueOfFutureMinimumLeasePaymentsSaleLeasebackTransactions" xlink:to="us-gaap_PresentValueOfFutureMinimumLeasePaymentsSaleLeasebackTransactions_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_PresentValueOfFutureMinimumLeasePaymentsSaleLeasebackTransactions_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Present value of future minimum lease payments</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="abvcd_AccountingStandardsCodificationMember" xlink:to="abvcd_AccountingStandardsCodificationMember_2_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:label="abvcd_AccountingStandardsCodificationMember_2_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">ASC 842 [Member]</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="abvcd-20190331.xsd#abvcd_LeaseTextualAbstract" xlink:label="abvcd_LeaseTextualAbstract" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="abvcd_LeaseTextualAbstract" xlink:to="abvcd_LeaseTextualAbstract_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="abvcd_LeaseTextualAbstract_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Lease (Textual)</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2019/elts/us-gaap-2019-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_OperatingLeaseLiability" xlink:label="us-gaap_OperatingLeaseLiability" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_OperatingLeaseLiability" xlink:to="us-gaap_OperatingLeaseLiability_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_OperatingLeaseLiability_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Operating lease liabilities</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_OperatingLeaseLiabilityCurrent" xlink:to="us-gaap_OperatingLeaseLiabilityCurrent_3_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:label="us-gaap_OperatingLeaseLiabilityCurrent_3_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Current operating lease liabilities</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_OperatingLeaseLiabilityNoncurrent" xlink:to="us-gaap_OperatingLeaseLiabilityNoncurrent_3_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:label="us-gaap_OperatingLeaseLiabilityNoncurrent_3_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Non-current operating lease liabilities</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="abvcd-20190331.xsd#abvcd_CumulativeEffectAdjustmentOfOpeningBalanceOfAccumulatedDeficit" xlink:label="abvcd_CumulativeEffectAdjustmentOfOpeningBalanceOfAccumulatedDeficit" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="abvcd_CumulativeEffectAdjustmentOfOpeningBalanceOfAccumulatedDeficit" xlink:to="abvcd_CumulativeEffectAdjustmentOfOpeningBalanceOfAccumulatedDeficit_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="abvcd_CumulativeEffectAdjustmentOfOpeningBalanceOfAccumulatedDeficit_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Cumulative-effect adjustment of opening balance of accumulated deficit</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2019/elts/us-gaap-2019-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_BusinessCombinationConsiderationTransferredAbstract" xlink:label="us-gaap_BusinessCombinationConsiderationTransferredAbstract" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_BusinessCombinationConsiderationTransferredAbstract" xlink:to="us-gaap_BusinessCombinationConsiderationTransferredAbstract_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_BusinessCombinationConsiderationTransferredAbstract_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Purchase consideration:</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2019/elts/us-gaap-2019-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_BusinessAcquisitionEquityInterestIssuedOrIssuableValueAssigned" xlink:label="us-gaap_BusinessAcquisitionEquityInterestIssuedOrIssuableValueAssigned" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_BusinessAcquisitionEquityInterestIssuedOrIssuableValueAssigned" xlink:to="us-gaap_BusinessAcquisitionEquityInterestIssuedOrIssuableValueAssigned_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:label="us-gaap_BusinessAcquisitionEquityInterestIssuedOrIssuableValueAssigned_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Common Stock</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2019/elts/us-gaap-2019-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_BusinessCombinationBargainPurchaseAbstract" xlink:label="us-gaap_BusinessCombinationBargainPurchaseAbstract" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_BusinessCombinationBargainPurchaseAbstract" xlink:to="us-gaap_BusinessCombinationBargainPurchaseAbstract_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_BusinessCombinationBargainPurchaseAbstract_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Allocation of the purchase price:</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2019/elts/us-gaap-2019-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_BusinessCombinationRecognizedIdentifiableAssetsAcquiredAndLiabilitiesAssumedCashAndEquivalents" xlink:label="us-gaap_BusinessCombinationRecognizedIdentifiableAssetsAcquiredAndLiabilitiesAssumedCashAndEquivalents" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_BusinessCombinationRecognizedIdentifiableAssetsAcquiredAndLiabilitiesAssumedCashAndEquivalents" xlink:to="us-gaap_BusinessCombinationRecognizedIdentifiableAssetsAcquiredAndLiabilitiesAssumedCashAndEquivalents_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:label="us-gaap_BusinessCombinationRecognizedIdentifiableAssetsAcquiredAndLiabilitiesAssumedCashAndEquivalents_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Cash and cash equivalents</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2019/elts/us-gaap-2019-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_BusinessCombinationRecognizedIdentifiableAssetsAcquiredAndLiabilitiesAssumedCurrentAssetsReceivables" xlink:label="us-gaap_BusinessCombinationRecognizedIdentifiableAssetsAcquiredAndLiabilitiesAssumedCurrentAssetsReceivables" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_BusinessCombinationRecognizedIdentifiableAssetsAcquiredAndLiabilitiesAssumedCurrentAssetsReceivables" xlink:to="us-gaap_BusinessCombinationRecognizedIdentifiableAssetsAcquiredAndLiabilitiesAssumedCurrentAssetsReceivables_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:label="us-gaap_BusinessCombinationRecognizedIdentifiableAssetsAcquiredAndLiabilitiesAssumedCurrentAssetsReceivables_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Accounts receivable, net</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2019/elts/us-gaap-2019-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_BusinessCombinationRecognizedIdentifiableAssetsAcquiredAndLiabilitiesAssumedPropertyPlantAndEquipment" xlink:label="us-gaap_BusinessCombinationRecognizedIdentifiableAssetsAcquiredAndLiabilitiesAssumedPropertyPlantAndEquipment" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_BusinessCombinationRecognizedIdentifiableAssetsAcquiredAndLiabilitiesAssumedPropertyPlantAndEquipment" xlink:to="us-gaap_BusinessCombinationRecognizedIdentifiableAssetsAcquiredAndLiabilitiesAssumedPropertyPlantAndEquipment_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:label="us-gaap_BusinessCombinationRecognizedIdentifiableAssetsAcquiredAndLiabilitiesAssumedPropertyPlantAndEquipment_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Property and equipment, net</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="abvcd-20190331.xsd#abvcd_BusinessCombinationRecognizedIdentifiableAssetsAcquiredAndLiabilitiesAssumedOperatingLeaseRightOfUseAssets" xlink:label="abvcd_BusinessCombinationRecognizedIdentifiableAssetsAcquiredAndLiabilitiesAssumedOperatingLeaseRightOfUseAssets" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="abvcd_BusinessCombinationRecognizedIdentifiableAssetsAcquiredAndLiabilitiesAssumedOperatingLeaseRightOfUseAssets" xlink:to="abvcd_BusinessCombinationRecognizedIdentifiableAssetsAcquiredAndLiabilitiesAssumedOperatingLeaseRightOfUseAssets_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:label="abvcd_BusinessCombinationRecognizedIdentifiableAssetsAcquiredAndLiabilitiesAssumedOperatingLeaseRightOfUseAssets_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Operating lease right-of-use assets</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2019/elts/us-gaap-2019-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_BusinessCombinationRecognizedIdentifiableAssetsAcquiredAndLiabilitiesAssumedCurrentAssetsOther" xlink:label="us-gaap_BusinessCombinationRecognizedIdentifiableAssetsAcquiredAndLiabilitiesAssumedCurrentAssetsOther" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_BusinessCombinationRecognizedIdentifiableAssetsAcquiredAndLiabilitiesAssumedCurrentAssetsOther" xlink:to="us-gaap_BusinessCombinationRecognizedIdentifiableAssetsAcquiredAndLiabilitiesAssumedCurrentAssetsOther_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:label="us-gaap_BusinessCombinationRecognizedIdentifiableAssetsAcquiredAndLiabilitiesAssumedCurrentAssetsOther_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Security deposits</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2019/elts/us-gaap-2019-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_BusinessCombinationRecognizedIdentifiableAssetsAcquiredAndLiabilitiesAssumedAssets" xlink:label="us-gaap_BusinessCombinationRecognizedIdentifiableAssetsAcquiredAndLiabilitiesAssumedAssets" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_BusinessCombinationRecognizedIdentifiableAssetsAcquiredAndLiabilitiesAssumedAssets" xlink:to="us-gaap_BusinessCombinationRecognizedIdentifiableAssetsAcquiredAndLiabilitiesAssumedAssets_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_BusinessCombinationRecognizedIdentifiableAssetsAcquiredAndLiabilitiesAssumedAssets_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Total assets acquired</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2019/elts/us-gaap-2019-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_BusinessCombinationRecognizedIdentifiableAssetsAcquiredAndLiabilitiesAssumedCurrentLiabilitiesAccountsPayable" xlink:label="us-gaap_BusinessCombinationRecognizedIdentifiableAssetsAcquiredAndLiabilitiesAssumedCurrentLiabilitiesAccountsPayable" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_BusinessCombinationRecognizedIdentifiableAssetsAcquiredAndLiabilitiesAssumedCurrentLiabilitiesAccountsPayable" xlink:to="us-gaap_BusinessCombinationRecognizedIdentifiableAssetsAcquiredAndLiabilitiesAssumedCurrentLiabilitiesAccountsPayable_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/negatedLabel" xlink:label="us-gaap_BusinessCombinationRecognizedIdentifiableAssetsAcquiredAndLiabilitiesAssumedCurrentLiabilitiesAccountsPayable_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Accounts payable</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2019/elts/us-gaap-2019-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_BusinessCombinationRecognizedIdentifiableAssetsAcquiredAndLiabilitiesAssumedCurrentLiabilitiesOther" xlink:label="us-gaap_BusinessCombinationRecognizedIdentifiableAssetsAcquiredAndLiabilitiesAssumedCurrentLiabilitiesOther" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_BusinessCombinationRecognizedIdentifiableAssetsAcquiredAndLiabilitiesAssumedCurrentLiabilitiesOther" xlink:to="us-gaap_BusinessCombinationRecognizedIdentifiableAssetsAcquiredAndLiabilitiesAssumedCurrentLiabilitiesOther_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/negatedLabel" xlink:label="us-gaap_BusinessCombinationRecognizedIdentifiableAssetsAcquiredAndLiabilitiesAssumedCurrentLiabilitiesOther_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Accrued expenses and other current liabilities</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="abvcd-20190331.xsd#abvcd_BusinessCombinationRecognizedIdentifiableAssetsAcquiredAndLiabilitiesAssumedOperatingLeaseLiability" xlink:label="abvcd_BusinessCombinationRecognizedIdentifiableAssetsAcquiredAndLiabilitiesAssumedOperatingLeaseLiability" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="abvcd_BusinessCombinationRecognizedIdentifiableAssetsAcquiredAndLiabilitiesAssumedOperatingLeaseLiability" xlink:to="abvcd_BusinessCombinationRecognizedIdentifiableAssetsAcquiredAndLiabilitiesAssumedOperatingLeaseLiability_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/negatedLabel" xlink:label="abvcd_BusinessCombinationRecognizedIdentifiableAssetsAcquiredAndLiabilitiesAssumedOperatingLeaseLiability_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Operating lease liability</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="abvcd-20190331.xsd#abvcd_BusinessCombinationRecognizedIdentifiableAssetsAcquiredAndLiabilitiesAssumedCurrentTenantSecurityDeposit" xlink:label="abvcd_BusinessCombinationRecognizedIdentifiableAssetsAcquiredAndLiabilitiesAssumedCurrentTenantSecurityDeposit" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="abvcd_BusinessCombinationRecognizedIdentifiableAssetsAcquiredAndLiabilitiesAssumedCurrentTenantSecurityDeposit" xlink:to="abvcd_BusinessCombinationRecognizedIdentifiableAssetsAcquiredAndLiabilitiesAssumedCurrentTenantSecurityDeposit_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/negatedLabel" xlink:label="abvcd_BusinessCombinationRecognizedIdentifiableAssetsAcquiredAndLiabilitiesAssumedCurrentTenantSecurityDeposit_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Tenant security deposit</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2019/elts/us-gaap-2019-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_BusinessCombinationRecognizedIdentifiableAssetsAcquiredAndLiabilitiesAssumedLiabilities" xlink:label="us-gaap_BusinessCombinationRecognizedIdentifiableAssetsAcquiredAndLiabilitiesAssumedLiabilities" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_BusinessCombinationRecognizedIdentifiableAssetsAcquiredAndLiabilitiesAssumedLiabilities" xlink:to="us-gaap_BusinessCombinationRecognizedIdentifiableAssetsAcquiredAndLiabilitiesAssumedLiabilities_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/negatedLabel" xlink:label="us-gaap_BusinessCombinationRecognizedIdentifiableAssetsAcquiredAndLiabilitiesAssumedLiabilities_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Total liabilities assumed</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2019/elts/us-gaap-2019-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_BusinessCombinationRecognizedIdentifiableAssetsAcquiredGoodwillAndLiabilitiesAssumedNet" xlink:label="us-gaap_BusinessCombinationRecognizedIdentifiableAssetsAcquiredGoodwillAndLiabilitiesAssumedNet" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_BusinessCombinationRecognizedIdentifiableAssetsAcquiredGoodwillAndLiabilitiesAssumedNet" xlink:to="us-gaap_BusinessCombinationRecognizedIdentifiableAssetsAcquiredGoodwillAndLiabilitiesAssumedNet_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_BusinessCombinationRecognizedIdentifiableAssetsAcquiredGoodwillAndLiabilitiesAssumedNet_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Total net assets acquired</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="abvcd-20190331.xsd#abvcd_BusinessAcquisitionGoodwillWrittenOffRelatedToSaleOfBusinessUnit" xlink:label="abvcd_BusinessAcquisitionGoodwillWrittenOffRelatedToSaleOfBusinessUnit" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="abvcd_BusinessAcquisitionGoodwillWrittenOffRelatedToSaleOfBusinessUnit" xlink:to="abvcd_BusinessAcquisitionGoodwillWrittenOffRelatedToSaleOfBusinessUnit_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="abvcd_BusinessAcquisitionGoodwillWrittenOffRelatedToSaleOfBusinessUnit_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Goodwill as a result of the Merger</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="abvcd-20190331.xsd#abvcd_BusinessCombinationTextualAbstract" xlink:label="abvcd_BusinessCombinationTextualAbstract" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="abvcd_BusinessCombinationTextualAbstract" xlink:to="abvcd_BusinessCombinationTextualAbstract_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="abvcd_BusinessCombinationTextualAbstract_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Business Combination (Textual)</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_StockIssuedDuringPeriodSharesNewIssues" xlink:to="us-gaap_StockIssuedDuringPeriodSharesNewIssues_5_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:label="us-gaap_StockIssuedDuringPeriodSharesNewIssues_5_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Issuance of common shares, shares</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="abvcd_BusinessAcquisitionGoodwillWrittenOffRelatedToSaleOfBusinessUnit" xlink:to="abvcd_BusinessAcquisitionGoodwillWrittenOffRelatedToSaleOfBusinessUnit_2_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:label="abvcd_BusinessAcquisitionGoodwillWrittenOffRelatedToSaleOfBusinessUnit_2_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Goodwill write-down</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="abvcd-20190331.xsd#abvcd_GoodWillWriteDownPercentage" xlink:label="abvcd_GoodWillWriteDownPercentage" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="abvcd_GoodWillWriteDownPercentage" xlink:to="abvcd_GoodWillWriteDownPercentage_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="abvcd_GoodWillWriteDownPercentage_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Good will write down percentage</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="abvcd-20190331.xsd#abvcd_CommitmentsAndContingenciesTextualAbstract" xlink:label="abvcd_CommitmentsAndContingenciesTextualAbstract" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="abvcd_CommitmentsAndContingenciesTextualAbstract" xlink:to="abvcd_CommitmentsAndContingenciesTextualAbstract_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="abvcd_CommitmentsAndContingenciesTextualAbstract_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Commitments and Contingencies (Textual)</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2019/elts/us-gaap-2019-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_OperatingLeasesRentExpenseNet" xlink:label="us-gaap_OperatingLeasesRentExpenseNet" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_OperatingLeasesRentExpenseNet" xlink:to="us-gaap_OperatingLeasesRentExpenseNet_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_OperatingLeasesRentExpenseNet_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Rental expense</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2019/elts/us-gaap-2019-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_RestrictedCashAndCashEquivalentsAtCarryingValue" xlink:label="us-gaap_RestrictedCashAndCashEquivalentsAtCarryingValue" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_RestrictedCashAndCashEquivalentsAtCarryingValue" xlink:to="us-gaap_RestrictedCashAndCashEquivalentsAtCarryingValue_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:label="us-gaap_RestrictedCashAndCashEquivalentsAtCarryingValue_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Restricted cash and cash equivalents</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2019/elts/us-gaap-2019-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_ReceivablesNetCurrent" xlink:label="us-gaap_ReceivablesNetCurrent" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_ReceivablesNetCurrent" xlink:to="us-gaap_ReceivablesNetCurrent_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:label="us-gaap_ReceivablesNetCurrent_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Accounts receivable, net</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_AccountsReceivableNet" xlink:to="us-gaap_AccountsReceivableNet_2_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:label="us-gaap_AccountsReceivableNet_2_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Accounts receivable - related parties, net</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2019/elts/us-gaap-2019-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_AccountsAndOtherReceivablesNetCurrent" xlink:label="us-gaap_AccountsAndOtherReceivablesNetCurrent" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_AccountsAndOtherReceivablesNetCurrent" xlink:to="us-gaap_AccountsAndOtherReceivablesNetCurrent_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:label="us-gaap_AccountsAndOtherReceivablesNetCurrent_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Other receivable</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_DueFromRelatedPartiesCurrent" xlink:to="us-gaap_DueFromRelatedPartiesCurrent_3_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/definitionGuidance" xlink:label="us-gaap_DueFromRelatedPartiesCurrent_3_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Due from related parties</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2019/elts/us-gaap-2019-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_PrepaidExpenseAndOtherAssetsCurrent" xlink:label="us-gaap_PrepaidExpenseAndOtherAssetsCurrent" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_PrepaidExpenseAndOtherAssetsCurrent" xlink:to="us-gaap_PrepaidExpenseAndOtherAssetsCurrent_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:label="us-gaap_PrepaidExpenseAndOtherAssetsCurrent_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Prepaid expense and other current assets</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_AssetsCurrent" xlink:to="us-gaap_AssetsCurrent_3_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_AssetsCurrent_3_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Total Current Assets</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_DeferredTaxAssetsGrossNoncurrent" xlink:to="us-gaap_DeferredTaxAssetsGrossNoncurrent_2_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:label="us-gaap_DeferredTaxAssetsGrossNoncurrent_2_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Deferred tax assets</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2019/elts/us-gaap-2019-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_DepositsAssetsNoncurrent" xlink:label="us-gaap_DepositsAssetsNoncurrent" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_DepositsAssetsNoncurrent" xlink:to="us-gaap_DepositsAssetsNoncurrent_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_DepositsAssetsNoncurrent_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Security Deposits</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_Assets" xlink:to="us-gaap_Assets_2_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_Assets_2_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Total Assets</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="abvcd-20190331.xsd#abvcd_AccruedExpensesAndOtherCurrentLiabilitiesNet" xlink:label="abvcd_AccruedExpensesAndOtherCurrentLiabilitiesNet" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="abvcd_AccruedExpensesAndOtherCurrentLiabilitiesNet" xlink:to="abvcd_AccruedExpensesAndOtherCurrentLiabilitiesNet_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:label="abvcd_AccruedExpensesAndOtherCurrentLiabilitiesNet_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Accrued expenses and other current liabilities</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_DueToRelatedPartiesCurrent" xlink:to="us-gaap_DueToRelatedPartiesCurrent_2_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:label="us-gaap_DueToRelatedPartiesCurrent_2_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Due to related parties</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_ConvertibleNotesPayableCurrent" xlink:to="us-gaap_ConvertibleNotesPayableCurrent_2_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:label="us-gaap_ConvertibleNotesPayableCurrent_2_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Convertible notes payable</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_NotesPayableRelatedPartiesClassifiedCurrent" xlink:to="us-gaap_NotesPayableRelatedPartiesClassifiedCurrent_2_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:label="us-gaap_NotesPayableRelatedPartiesClassifiedCurrent_2_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Convertible notes payable - related parties</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_LiabilitiesCurrent" xlink:to="us-gaap_LiabilitiesCurrent_3_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_LiabilitiesCurrent_3_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Total Current Liabilities</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2019/elts/us-gaap-2019-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_ConvertibleLongTermNotesPayable" xlink:label="us-gaap_ConvertibleLongTermNotesPayable" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_ConvertibleLongTermNotesPayable" xlink:to="us-gaap_ConvertibleLongTermNotesPayable_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_ConvertibleLongTermNotesPayable_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Convertible notes payable</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2019/elts/us-gaap-2019-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_InterestReceivableNoncurrent" xlink:label="us-gaap_InterestReceivableNoncurrent" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_InterestReceivableNoncurrent" xlink:to="us-gaap_InterestReceivableNoncurrent_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:label="us-gaap_InterestReceivableNoncurrent_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Accrued interest</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_Liabilities" xlink:to="us-gaap_Liabilities_2_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_Liabilities_2_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Total Liabilities</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_PreferredStockValue" xlink:to="us-gaap_PreferredStockValue_2_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:label="us-gaap_PreferredStockValue_2_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Preferred stock</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_CommonStockValue" xlink:to="us-gaap_CommonStockValue_2_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:label="us-gaap_CommonStockValue_2_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Common stock</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="abvcd-20190331.xsd#abvcd_CommonStockToBeIssued" xlink:label="abvcd_CommonStockToBeIssued" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="abvcd_CommonStockToBeIssued" xlink:to="abvcd_CommonStockToBeIssued_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="abvcd_CommonStockToBeIssued_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Common stock to be issued</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="abvcd-20190331.xsd#abvcd_CommonStockToBeIssued1" xlink:label="abvcd_CommonStockToBeIssued1" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="abvcd_CommonStockToBeIssued1" xlink:to="abvcd_CommonStockToBeIssued1_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:label="abvcd_CommonStockToBeIssued1_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Common stock to be issued</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="abvcd-20190331.xsd#abvcd_CommonStockToBeIssued2" xlink:label="abvcd_CommonStockToBeIssued2" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="abvcd_CommonStockToBeIssued2" xlink:to="abvcd_CommonStockToBeIssued2_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:label="abvcd_CommonStockToBeIssued2_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Common stock to be issued</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="abvcd-20190331.xsd#abvcd_CommonStockToBeIssued3" xlink:label="abvcd_CommonStockToBeIssued3" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="abvcd_CommonStockToBeIssued3" xlink:to="abvcd_CommonStockToBeIssued3_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/definitionGuidance" xlink:label="abvcd_CommonStockToBeIssued3_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Common stock to be issued</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="abvcd-20190331.xsd#abvcd_AdditionalPaidinCapital1" xlink:label="abvcd_AdditionalPaidinCapital1" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="abvcd_AdditionalPaidinCapital1" xlink:to="abvcd_AdditionalPaidinCapital1_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:label="abvcd_AdditionalPaidinCapital1_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Additional paid-in capital</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="abvcd-20190331.xsd#abvcd_AdditionalPaidinCapital2" xlink:label="abvcd_AdditionalPaidinCapital2" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="abvcd_AdditionalPaidinCapital2" xlink:to="abvcd_AdditionalPaidinCapital2_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:label="abvcd_AdditionalPaidinCapital2_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Additional paid-in capital</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="abvcd-20190331.xsd#abvcd_AdditionalPaidinCapital3" xlink:label="abvcd_AdditionalPaidinCapital3" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="abvcd_AdditionalPaidinCapital3" xlink:to="abvcd_AdditionalPaidinCapital3_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:label="abvcd_AdditionalPaidinCapital3_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Additional paid-in capital</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="abvcd-20190331.xsd#abvcd_StockSubscriptionReceivables" xlink:label="abvcd_StockSubscriptionReceivables" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="abvcd_StockSubscriptionReceivables" xlink:to="abvcd_StockSubscriptionReceivables_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="abvcd_StockSubscriptionReceivables_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Stock subscription receivable</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="abvcd-20190331.xsd#abvcd_RetainedEarningsAccumulatedDeficit1" xlink:label="abvcd_RetainedEarningsAccumulatedDeficit1" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="abvcd_RetainedEarningsAccumulatedDeficit1" xlink:to="abvcd_RetainedEarningsAccumulatedDeficit1_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:label="abvcd_RetainedEarningsAccumulatedDeficit1_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Accumulated deficit</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="abvcd-20190331.xsd#abvcd_RetainedEarningsAccumulatedDeficit2" xlink:label="abvcd_RetainedEarningsAccumulatedDeficit2" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="abvcd_RetainedEarningsAccumulatedDeficit2" xlink:to="abvcd_RetainedEarningsAccumulatedDeficit2_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:label="abvcd_RetainedEarningsAccumulatedDeficit2_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Accumulated deficit</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="abvcd-20190331.xsd#abvcd_RetainedEarningsAccumulatedDeficit3" xlink:label="abvcd_RetainedEarningsAccumulatedDeficit3" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="abvcd_RetainedEarningsAccumulatedDeficit3" xlink:to="abvcd_RetainedEarningsAccumulatedDeficit3_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:label="abvcd_RetainedEarningsAccumulatedDeficit3_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Accumulated deficit</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2019/elts/us-gaap-2019-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_AccumulatedOtherComprehensiveIncomeLossNetOfTax" xlink:label="us-gaap_AccumulatedOtherComprehensiveIncomeLossNetOfTax" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_AccumulatedOtherComprehensiveIncomeLossNetOfTax" xlink:to="us-gaap_AccumulatedOtherComprehensiveIncomeLossNetOfTax_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:label="us-gaap_AccumulatedOtherComprehensiveIncomeLossNetOfTax_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Other comprehensive income</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="abvcd-20190331.xsd#abvcd_TreasurySharesOutstanding" xlink:label="abvcd_TreasurySharesOutstanding" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="abvcd_TreasurySharesOutstanding" xlink:to="abvcd_TreasurySharesOutstanding_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/negatedLabel" xlink:label="abvcd_TreasurySharesOutstanding_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Treasury shares outstanding</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_StockholdersEquity" xlink:to="us-gaap_StockholdersEquity_3_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:label="us-gaap_StockholdersEquity_3_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Total Stockholders' deficit</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_StockholdersEquityIncludingPortionAttributableToNoncontrollingInterest" xlink:to="us-gaap_StockholdersEquityIncludingPortionAttributableToNoncontrollingInterest_4_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_StockholdersEquityIncludingPortionAttributableToNoncontrollingInterest_4_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Total Equity</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_LiabilitiesAndStockholdersEquity" xlink:to="us-gaap_LiabilitiesAndStockholdersEquity_2_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_LiabilitiesAndStockholdersEquity_2_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Total Liabilities and Equity</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_GrossProfit" xlink:to="us-gaap_GrossProfit_3_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:label="us-gaap_GrossProfit_3_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Gross profit</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_OperatingExpenses" xlink:to="us-gaap_OperatingExpenses_2_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_OperatingExpenses_2_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Total operating expenses</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_OperatingIncomeLoss" xlink:to="us-gaap_OperatingIncomeLoss_2_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_OperatingIncomeLoss_2_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Loss from operations</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_InterestExpense" xlink:to="us-gaap_InterestExpense_3_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/negatedTerseLabel" xlink:label="us-gaap_InterestExpense_3_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Interest Expense</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_RentalIncomeNonoperating" xlink:to="us-gaap_RentalIncomeNonoperating_2_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:label="us-gaap_RentalIncomeNonoperating_2_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Rental income</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="abvcd-20190331.xsd#abvcd_NonOperatingImpairmentLoss" xlink:label="abvcd_NonOperatingImpairmentLoss" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="abvcd_NonOperatingImpairmentLoss" xlink:to="abvcd_NonOperatingImpairmentLoss_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="abvcd_NonOperatingImpairmentLoss_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Impairment loss</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_ForeignCurrencyTransactionGainLossBeforeTax" xlink:to="us-gaap_ForeignCurrencyTransactionGainLossBeforeTax_2_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:label="us-gaap_ForeignCurrencyTransactionGainLossBeforeTax_2_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Gain/Loss on foreign exchange changes</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="abvcd-20190331.xsd#abvcd_GainlossOnInvestmentInEquitySecurities" xlink:label="abvcd_GainlossOnInvestmentInEquitySecurities" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="abvcd_GainlossOnInvestmentInEquitySecurities" xlink:to="abvcd_GainlossOnInvestmentInEquitySecurities_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="abvcd_GainlossOnInvestmentInEquitySecurities_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Gain/Loss on investment in equity securities</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2019/elts/us-gaap-2019-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_OtherNonoperatingIncomeExpense" xlink:label="us-gaap_OtherNonoperatingIncomeExpense" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_OtherNonoperatingIncomeExpense" xlink:to="us-gaap_OtherNonoperatingIncomeExpense_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:label="us-gaap_OtherNonoperatingIncomeExpense_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Other income (expense)</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_NonoperatingIncomeExpense" xlink:to="us-gaap_NonoperatingIncomeExpense_2_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_NonoperatingIncomeExpense_2_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Total other income (expenses)</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_IncomeLossFromContinuingOperationsBeforeIncomeTaxesExtraordinaryItemsNoncontrollingInterest" xlink:to="us-gaap_IncomeLossFromContinuingOperationsBeforeIncomeTaxesExtraordinaryItemsNoncontrollingInterest_2_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_IncomeLossFromContinuingOperationsBeforeIncomeTaxesExtraordinaryItemsNoncontrollingInterest_2_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Loss before provision for income tax</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_IncomeTaxExpenseBenefit" xlink:to="us-gaap_IncomeTaxExpenseBenefit_4_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/zeroLabel" xlink:label="us-gaap_IncomeTaxExpenseBenefit_4_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Provision for income tax (benefit)</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2019/elts/us-gaap-2019-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_ProfitLoss" xlink:label="us-gaap_ProfitLoss" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_ProfitLoss" xlink:to="us-gaap_ProfitLoss_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_ProfitLoss_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Net loss</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2019/elts/us-gaap-2019-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_NetIncomeLossAttributableToNoncontrollingInterest" xlink:label="us-gaap_NetIncomeLossAttributableToNoncontrollingInterest" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_NetIncomeLossAttributableToNoncontrollingInterest" xlink:to="us-gaap_NetIncomeLossAttributableToNoncontrollingInterest_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:label="us-gaap_NetIncomeLossAttributableToNoncontrollingInterest_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Net loss attributable to noncontrolling interests</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_NetIncomeLoss" xlink:to="us-gaap_NetIncomeLoss_7_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureGuidance" xlink:label="us-gaap_NetIncomeLoss_7_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Net loss attributable to ABVC and subsidiaries</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_ComprehensiveIncomeNetOfTax" xlink:to="us-gaap_ComprehensiveIncomeNetOfTax_2_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_ComprehensiveIncomeNetOfTax_2_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Comprehensive Income (Loss)</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="abvcd_BioliteIncMember" xlink:to="abvcd_BioliteIncMember_2_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:label="abvcd_BioliteIncMember_2_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">BioLite [Member]</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2019/elts/us-gaap-2019-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_SharesIssued" xlink:label="us-gaap_SharesIssued" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_SharesIssued" xlink:to="us-gaap_SharesIssued_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_SharesIssued_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Outstanding shares as of December 31, 2018</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2019/elts/us-gaap-2019-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_SharesIssuedPricePerShare" xlink:label="us-gaap_SharesIssuedPricePerShare" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_SharesIssuedPricePerShare" xlink:to="us-gaap_SharesIssuedPricePerShare_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_SharesIssuedPricePerShare_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Exchange of each BioLite share of common stock outstanding as of December 31, 2018, for 1.82 shares of ABVC common stock</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2019/elts/us-gaap-2019-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_StockIssuedDuringPeriodSharesOther" xlink:label="us-gaap_StockIssuedDuringPeriodSharesOther" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_StockIssuedDuringPeriodSharesOther" xlink:to="us-gaap_StockIssuedDuringPeriodSharesOther_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_StockIssuedDuringPeriodSharesOther_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">ABVC common stock to be issued to BioLite as a result of the Merger</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="abvcd-20190331.xsd#abvcd_AbvcCommonStockToBeIssuedToBiokeyAsResultOfMerger" xlink:label="abvcd_AbvcCommonStockToBeIssuedToBiokeyAsResultOfMerger" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="abvcd_AbvcCommonStockToBeIssuedToBiokeyAsResultOfMerger" xlink:to="abvcd_AbvcCommonStockToBeIssuedToBiokeyAsResultOfMerger_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="abvcd_AbvcCommonStockToBeIssuedToBiokeyAsResultOfMerger_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">ABVC common stock to be issued to BioKey as a result of the Merger</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="abvcd-20190331.xsd#abvcd_CommonStockToBeIssued4" xlink:label="abvcd_CommonStockToBeIssued4" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="abvcd_CommonStockToBeIssued4" xlink:to="abvcd_CommonStockToBeIssued4_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="abvcd_CommonStockToBeIssued4_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Par value $0.001 per share of ABVC</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_PreferredStockSharesOutstanding" xlink:to="us-gaap_PreferredStockSharesOutstanding_2_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:label="us-gaap_PreferredStockSharesOutstanding_2_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">BioKey's total shares of preferred stock outstanding as of December 31, 2018</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="abvcd-20190331.xsd#abvcd_ExchangeOfEachBiokeyShareOfPreferredStockOutstanding" xlink:label="abvcd_ExchangeOfEachBiokeyShareOfPreferredStockOutstanding" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="abvcd_ExchangeOfEachBiokeyShareOfPreferredStockOutstanding" xlink:to="abvcd_ExchangeOfEachBiokeyShareOfPreferredStockOutstanding_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="abvcd_ExchangeOfEachBiokeyShareOfPreferredStockOutstanding_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Exchange of each BioKey share of preferred stock outstanding as of December 31, 2018, for one share of ABVC common stock</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="abvcd-20190331.xsd#abvcd_CommonStockToBeIssuedToBiokeyAsResultOfMerger" xlink:label="abvcd_CommonStockToBeIssuedToBiokeyAsResultOfMerger" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="abvcd_CommonStockToBeIssuedToBiokeyAsResultOfMerger" xlink:to="abvcd_CommonStockToBeIssuedToBiokeyAsResultOfMerger_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:label="abvcd_CommonStockToBeIssuedToBiokeyAsResultOfMerger_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">ABVC common stock to be issued to BioKey as a result of the Merger</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="abvcd-20190331.xsd#abvcd_CommonStockToBeIssued5" xlink:label="abvcd_CommonStockToBeIssued5" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="abvcd_CommonStockToBeIssued5" xlink:to="abvcd_CommonStockToBeIssued5_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:label="abvcd_CommonStockToBeIssued5_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Par value $0.001 per share of ABVC</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="abvcd-20190331.xsd#abvcd_AbvcCommonStockIssued" xlink:label="abvcd_AbvcCommonStockIssued" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="abvcd_AbvcCommonStockIssued" xlink:to="abvcd_AbvcCommonStockIssued_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="abvcd_AbvcCommonStockIssued_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">ABVC common stock issued as of December 31, 2018</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="abvcd-20190331.xsd#abvcd_AbvcCommonStockHeldByBiolite" xlink:label="abvcd_AbvcCommonStockHeldByBiolite" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="abvcd_AbvcCommonStockHeldByBiolite" xlink:to="abvcd_AbvcCommonStockHeldByBiolite_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="abvcd_AbvcCommonStockHeldByBiolite_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">ABVC common stock held by BioLite pursuant to the BioLite Collaborative Agreement (see Note {g})</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="abvcd-20190331.xsd#abvcd_AbvcCommonStockHeldByBioliteForCashIssuance" xlink:label="abvcd_AbvcCommonStockHeldByBioliteForCashIssuance" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="abvcd_AbvcCommonStockHeldByBioliteForCashIssuance" xlink:to="abvcd_AbvcCommonStockHeldByBioliteForCashIssuance_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="abvcd_AbvcCommonStockHeldByBioliteForCashIssuance_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">ABVC common stock held by BioLite for cash issuance (see Note {h})</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="abvcd-20190331.xsd#abvcd_AbvcCommonStockToBeIssuedToBioliteAsResultOfMerger" xlink:label="abvcd_AbvcCommonStockToBeIssuedToBioliteAsResultOfMerger" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="abvcd_AbvcCommonStockToBeIssuedToBioliteAsResultOfMerger" xlink:to="abvcd_AbvcCommonStockToBeIssuedToBioliteAsResultOfMerger_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:label="abvcd_AbvcCommonStockToBeIssuedToBioliteAsResultOfMerger_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">ABVC common stock to be issued to BioLite as a result of the Merger</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="abvcd-20190331.xsd#abvcd_AbvcCommonStockToBeIssuedToBiokey" xlink:label="abvcd_AbvcCommonStockToBeIssuedToBiokey" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="abvcd_AbvcCommonStockToBeIssuedToBiokey" xlink:to="abvcd_AbvcCommonStockToBeIssuedToBiokey_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:label="abvcd_AbvcCommonStockToBeIssuedToBiokey_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">ABVC common stock to be issued to BioKey as a result of the Merger</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_CommonStockSharesOutstanding" xlink:to="us-gaap_CommonStockSharesOutstanding_2_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:label="us-gaap_CommonStockSharesOutstanding_2_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Total common stock of the combined company outstanding following the Merger</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2019/elts/us-gaap-2019-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_BusinessCombinationConsiderationTransferredOther1" xlink:label="us-gaap_BusinessCombinationConsiderationTransferredOther1" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_BusinessCombinationConsiderationTransferredOther1" xlink:to="us-gaap_BusinessCombinationConsiderationTransferredOther1_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_BusinessCombinationConsiderationTransferredOther1_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Common stock</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2019/elts/us-gaap-2019-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_BusinessCombinationRecognizedIdentifiableAssetsAcquiredAndLiabilitiesAssumedAssetsAbstract" xlink:label="us-gaap_BusinessCombinationRecognizedIdentifiableAssetsAcquiredAndLiabilitiesAssumedAssetsAbstract" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_BusinessCombinationRecognizedIdentifiableAssetsAcquiredAndLiabilitiesAssumedAssetsAbstract" xlink:to="us-gaap_BusinessCombinationRecognizedIdentifiableAssetsAcquiredAndLiabilitiesAssumedAssetsAbstract_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_BusinessCombinationRecognizedIdentifiableAssetsAcquiredAndLiabilitiesAssumedAssetsAbstract_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Estimated Fair Value of Assets Acquired:</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_BusinessCombinationRecognizedIdentifiableAssetsAcquiredAndLiabilitiesAssumedCurrentAssetsReceivables" xlink:to="us-gaap_BusinessCombinationRecognizedIdentifiableAssetsAcquiredAndLiabilitiesAssumedCurrentAssetsReceivables_2_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_BusinessCombinationRecognizedIdentifiableAssetsAcquiredAndLiabilitiesAssumedCurrentAssetsReceivables_2_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Accounts receivable</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_BusinessCombinationRecognizedIdentifiableAssetsAcquiredAndLiabilitiesAssumedCurrentAssetsOther" xlink:to="us-gaap_BusinessCombinationRecognizedIdentifiableAssetsAcquiredAndLiabilitiesAssumedCurrentAssetsOther_2_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_BusinessCombinationRecognizedIdentifiableAssetsAcquiredAndLiabilitiesAssumedCurrentAssetsOther_2_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Accounts receivable - related parties</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_BusinessCombinationRecognizedIdentifiableAssetsAcquiredAndLiabilitiesAssumedPropertyPlantAndEquipment" xlink:to="us-gaap_BusinessCombinationRecognizedIdentifiableAssetsAcquiredAndLiabilitiesAssumedPropertyPlantAndEquipment_2_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_BusinessCombinationRecognizedIdentifiableAssetsAcquiredAndLiabilitiesAssumedPropertyPlantAndEquipment_2_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Property and equipment</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2019/elts/us-gaap-2019-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_BusinessCombinationRecognizedIdentifiableAssetsAcquiredAndLiabilitiesAssumedOtherNoncurrentAssets" xlink:label="us-gaap_BusinessCombinationRecognizedIdentifiableAssetsAcquiredAndLiabilitiesAssumedOtherNoncurrentAssets" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_BusinessCombinationRecognizedIdentifiableAssetsAcquiredAndLiabilitiesAssumedOtherNoncurrentAssets" xlink:to="us-gaap_BusinessCombinationRecognizedIdentifiableAssetsAcquiredAndLiabilitiesAssumedOtherNoncurrentAssets_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:label="us-gaap_BusinessCombinationRecognizedIdentifiableAssetsAcquiredAndLiabilitiesAssumedOtherNoncurrentAssets_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Security deposits</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2019/elts/us-gaap-2019-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_BusinessCombinationRecognizedIdentifiableAssetsAcquiredAndLiabilitiesAssumedLiabilitiesAbstract" xlink:label="us-gaap_BusinessCombinationRecognizedIdentifiableAssetsAcquiredAndLiabilitiesAssumedLiabilitiesAbstract" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_BusinessCombinationRecognizedIdentifiableAssetsAcquiredAndLiabilitiesAssumedLiabilitiesAbstract" xlink:to="us-gaap_BusinessCombinationRecognizedIdentifiableAssetsAcquiredAndLiabilitiesAssumedLiabilitiesAbstract_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_BusinessCombinationRecognizedIdentifiableAssetsAcquiredAndLiabilitiesAssumedLiabilitiesAbstract_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Estimated Fair Value of Liabilities Assumed:</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="abvcd-20190331.xsd#abvcd_BusinessCombinationRecognizedIdentifiableAssetsAcquiredAndLiabilitiesAssumedCurrentLiabilitiesDueToShaholders" xlink:label="abvcd_BusinessCombinationRecognizedIdentifiableAssetsAcquiredAndLiabilitiesAssumedCurrentLiabilitiesDueToShaholders" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="abvcd_BusinessCombinationRecognizedIdentifiableAssetsAcquiredAndLiabilitiesAssumedCurrentLiabilitiesDueToShaholders" xlink:to="abvcd_BusinessCombinationRecognizedIdentifiableAssetsAcquiredAndLiabilitiesAssumedCurrentLiabilitiesDueToShaholders_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="abvcd_BusinessCombinationRecognizedIdentifiableAssetsAcquiredAndLiabilitiesAssumedCurrentLiabilitiesDueToShaholders_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Due to shareholders</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_BusinessCombinationRecognizedIdentifiableAssetsAcquiredAndLiabilitiesAssumedCurrentLiabilitiesOther" xlink:to="us-gaap_BusinessCombinationRecognizedIdentifiableAssetsAcquiredAndLiabilitiesAssumedCurrentLiabilitiesOther_2_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:label="us-gaap_BusinessCombinationRecognizedIdentifiableAssetsAcquiredAndLiabilitiesAssumedCurrentLiabilitiesOther_2_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Accrued expenses and other current liabilities</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2019/elts/us-gaap-2019-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_BusinessCombinationRecognizedIdentifiableAssetsAcquiredAndLiabilitiesAssumedNoncurrentLiabilitiesOther" xlink:label="us-gaap_BusinessCombinationRecognizedIdentifiableAssetsAcquiredAndLiabilitiesAssumedNoncurrentLiabilitiesOther" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_BusinessCombinationRecognizedIdentifiableAssetsAcquiredAndLiabilitiesAssumedNoncurrentLiabilitiesOther" xlink:to="us-gaap_BusinessCombinationRecognizedIdentifiableAssetsAcquiredAndLiabilitiesAssumedNoncurrentLiabilitiesOther_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:label="us-gaap_BusinessCombinationRecognizedIdentifiableAssetsAcquiredAndLiabilitiesAssumedNoncurrentLiabilitiesOther_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Tenant security deposit</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_BusinessCombinationRecognizedIdentifiableAssetsAcquiredAndLiabilitiesAssumedLiabilities" xlink:to="us-gaap_BusinessCombinationRecognizedIdentifiableAssetsAcquiredAndLiabilitiesAssumedLiabilities_2_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_BusinessCombinationRecognizedIdentifiableAssetsAcquiredAndLiabilitiesAssumedLiabilities_2_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Total liabilities assumed</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2019/elts/us-gaap-2019-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_BusinessCombinationRecognizedIdentifiableAssetsAcquiredAndLiabilitiesAssumedNet" xlink:label="us-gaap_BusinessCombinationRecognizedIdentifiableAssetsAcquiredAndLiabilitiesAssumedNet" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_BusinessCombinationRecognizedIdentifiableAssetsAcquiredAndLiabilitiesAssumedNet" xlink:to="us-gaap_BusinessCombinationRecognizedIdentifiableAssetsAcquiredAndLiabilitiesAssumedNet_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:label="us-gaap_BusinessCombinationRecognizedIdentifiableAssetsAcquiredAndLiabilitiesAssumedNet_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Total net assets acquired</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_BusinessCombinationRecognizedIdentifiableAssetsAcquiredGoodwillAndLiabilitiesAssumedNet" xlink:to="us-gaap_BusinessCombinationRecognizedIdentifiableAssetsAcquiredGoodwillAndLiabilitiesAssumedNet_2_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:label="us-gaap_BusinessCombinationRecognizedIdentifiableAssetsAcquiredGoodwillAndLiabilitiesAssumedNet_2_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Goodwill as a result of the Merger</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="abvcd-20190331.xsd#abvcd_ProFormaAdjustmentsTextualAbstract" xlink:label="abvcd_ProFormaAdjustmentsTextualAbstract" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="abvcd_ProFormaAdjustmentsTextualAbstract" xlink:to="abvcd_ProFormaAdjustmentsTextualAbstract_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="abvcd_ProFormaAdjustmentsTextualAbstract_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Pro Forma Adjustments (Textual)</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2019/elts/us-gaap-2019-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_DueFromRelatedPartiesNoncurrent" xlink:label="us-gaap_DueFromRelatedPartiesNoncurrent" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_DueFromRelatedPartiesNoncurrent" xlink:to="us-gaap_DueFromRelatedPartiesNoncurrent_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:label="us-gaap_DueFromRelatedPartiesNoncurrent_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Due from related parties</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2019/elts/us-gaap-2019-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_DueToRelatedPartiesNoncurrent" xlink:label="us-gaap_DueToRelatedPartiesNoncurrent" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_DueToRelatedPartiesNoncurrent" xlink:to="us-gaap_DueToRelatedPartiesNoncurrent_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:label="us-gaap_DueToRelatedPartiesNoncurrent_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Due to related parties</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_StockIssuedDuringPeriodValueNewIssues" xlink:to="us-gaap_StockIssuedDuringPeriodValueNewIssues_6_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/definitionGuidance" xlink:label="us-gaap_StockIssuedDuringPeriodValueNewIssues_6_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Common stock newly issued, value</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_StockIssuedDuringPeriodSharesNewIssues" xlink:to="us-gaap_StockIssuedDuringPeriodSharesNewIssues_6_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/zeroLabel" xlink:label="us-gaap_StockIssuedDuringPeriodSharesNewIssues_6_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Common stock newly issued, shares</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2019/elts/us-gaap-2019-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_PrincipalInvestmentGainsLosses" xlink:label="us-gaap_PrincipalInvestmentGainsLosses" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_PrincipalInvestmentGainsLosses" xlink:to="us-gaap_PrincipalInvestmentGainsLosses_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_PrincipalInvestmentGainsLosses_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Investment loss recognized write-off amount</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="abvcd-20190331.xsd#abvcd_FullyExpenseEntireAmount" xlink:label="abvcd_FullyExpenseEntireAmount" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="abvcd_FullyExpenseEntireAmount" xlink:to="abvcd_FullyExpenseEntireAmount_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="abvcd_FullyExpenseEntireAmount_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Fully expense entire amount</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="abvcd-20190331.xsd#abvcd_AggregateAmount" xlink:label="abvcd_AggregateAmount" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="abvcd_AggregateAmount" xlink:to="abvcd_AggregateAmount_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="abvcd_AggregateAmount_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Aggregate amount</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_CommonStockParOrStatedValuePerShare" xlink:to="us-gaap_CommonStockParOrStatedValuePerShare_2_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:label="us-gaap_CommonStockParOrStatedValuePerShare_2_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Common stock, par value</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="abvcd-20190331.xsd#abvcd_ClosingSharePrice" xlink:label="abvcd_ClosingSharePrice" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="abvcd_ClosingSharePrice" xlink:to="abvcd_ClosingSharePrice_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="abvcd_ClosingSharePrice_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Closing share price</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="abvcd-20190331.xsd#abvcd_SubsequentEventTextualAbstract" xlink:label="abvcd_SubsequentEventTextualAbstract" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="abvcd_SubsequentEventTextualAbstract" xlink:to="abvcd_SubsequentEventTextualAbstract_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="abvcd_SubsequentEventTextualAbstract_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Subsequent Events (Textual)</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="abvcd_AccountsReceivableRelatedPartiesNet" xlink:to="abvcd_AccountsReceivableRelatedPartiesNet_doc" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:label="abvcd_AccountsReceivableRelatedPartiesNet_doc" xml:lang="en-US">Accounts receivable - related parties, net</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="abvcd_AccruedExpenses" xlink:to="abvcd_AccruedExpenses_doc" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:label="abvcd_AccruedExpenses_doc" xml:lang="en-US">Accrued expenses.</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="abvcd_AccruedExpensesAndOtherCurrentLiabilitiesNet" xlink:to="abvcd_AccruedExpensesAndOtherCurrentLiabilitiesNet_doc" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:label="abvcd_AccruedExpensesAndOtherCurrentLiabilitiesNet_doc" xml:lang="en-US">The net carrying amount as of the balance sheet date of obligations incurred and payable, pertaining to costs that are statutory in nature, are incurred on contractual obligations, or accumulate over time and for which invoices have not yet been received or will not be rendered. Examples include taxes, interest, rent and utilities. Used to reflect the current portion of the liabilities (due within one year or within the normal operating cycle if longer). Also includes current obligations not separately disclosed in the balance sheet due to materiality considerations. Current liabilities are expected to be paid within one year (or the normal operating cycle, if longer).</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="abvcd_AccruedInterestExpenseRelatedParty" xlink:to="abvcd_AccruedInterestExpenseRelatedParty_doc" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:label="abvcd_AccruedInterestExpenseRelatedParty_doc" xml:lang="en-US">Accrued interest expense related party.</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="abvcd_AccruedInterestNoncurrent" xlink:to="abvcd_AccruedInterestNoncurrent_doc" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:label="abvcd_AccruedInterestNoncurrent_doc" xml:lang="en-US">Carrying value as of the balance sheet date of [accrued] interest payable on all forms of debt, including trade payables, that has been incurred and is unpaid. Used to reflect the current portion of the liabilities.</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="abvcd_AdditionalPaidinCapital1" xlink:to="abvcd_AdditionalPaidinCapital1_doc" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:label="abvcd_AdditionalPaidinCapital1_doc" xml:lang="en-US">Excess of issue price over par or stated value of the entity's capital stock and amounts received from other transactions involving the entity's stock or stockholders. Includes adjustments to additional paid in capital. Some examples of such adjustments include recording the issuance of debt with a beneficial conversion feature and certain tax consequences of equity instruments awarded to employees. Use this element for the aggregate amount of additional paid-in capital associated with common and preferred stock. For additional paid-in capital associated with only common stock, use the element additional paid in capital, common stock. For additional paid-in capital associated with only preferred stock, use the element additional paid in capital, preferred stock.</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="abvcd_AdditionalPaidinCapital2" xlink:to="abvcd_AdditionalPaidinCapital2_doc" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:label="abvcd_AdditionalPaidinCapital2_doc" xml:lang="en-US">Excess of issue price over par or stated value of the entity's capital stock and amounts received from other transactions involving the entity's stock or stockholders. Includes adjustments to additional paid in capital. Some examples of such adjustments include recording the issuance of debt with a beneficial conversion feature and certain tax consequences of equity instruments awarded to employees. Use this element for the aggregate amount of additional paid-in capital associated with common and preferred stock. For additional paid-in capital associated with only common stock, use the element additional paid in capital, common stock. For additional paid-in capital associated with only preferred stock, use the element additional paid in capital, preferred stock.</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="abvcd_AdditionalPaidinCapital3" xlink:to="abvcd_AdditionalPaidinCapital3_doc" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:label="abvcd_AdditionalPaidinCapital3_doc" xml:lang="en-US">Excess of issue price over par or stated value of the entity's capital stock and amounts received from other transactions involving the entity's stock or stockholders. Includes adjustments to additional paid in capital. Some examples of such adjustments include recording the issuance of debt with a beneficial conversion feature and certain tax consequences of equity instruments awarded to employees. Use this element for the aggregate amount of additional paid-in capital associated with common and preferred stock. For additional paid-in capital associated with only common stock, use the element additional paid in capital, common stock. For additional paid-in capital associated with only preferred stock, use the element additional paid in capital, preferred stock.</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="abvcd_AggregateAmount" xlink:to="abvcd_AggregateAmount_doc" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:label="abvcd_AggregateAmount_doc" xml:lang="en-US">Aggregate amount.</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="abvcd_AggregateWorkingcapital" xlink:to="abvcd_AggregateWorkingcapital_doc" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:label="abvcd_AggregateWorkingcapital_doc" xml:lang="en-US">Aggregate working capital.</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="abvcd_AgreementDescription" xlink:to="abvcd_AgreementDescription_doc" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:label="abvcd_AgreementDescription_doc" xml:lang="en-US">Agreement related description.</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="abvcd_AllowanceForInventoryValuationAndObsolescenceLoss" xlink:to="abvcd_AllowanceForInventoryValuationAndObsolescenceLoss_doc" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:label="abvcd_AllowanceForInventoryValuationAndObsolescenceLoss_doc" xml:lang="en-US">Allowance for inventory valuation and obsolescence loss.</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="abvcd_BeneficialConversionFeature" xlink:to="abvcd_BeneficialConversionFeature_doc" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:label="abvcd_BeneficialConversionFeature_doc" xml:lang="en-US">Disclosure of accounting policy for beneficial conversion feature.</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="abvcd_BioliteIncMember" xlink:to="abvcd_BioliteIncMember_doc" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:label="abvcd_BioliteIncMember_doc" xml:lang="en-US">The set of legal entities associated with a report.</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="abvcd_BusinessAcquisitionGoodwillWrittenOffRelatedToSaleOfBusinessUnit" xlink:to="abvcd_BusinessAcquisitionGoodwillWrittenOffRelatedToSaleOfBusinessUnit_doc" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:label="abvcd_BusinessAcquisitionGoodwillWrittenOffRelatedToSaleOfBusinessUnit_doc" xml:lang="en-US">Amount of divestiture of an asset representing future economic benefits arising from other assets acquired in a business combination that are not individually identified and separately recognized.</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="abvcd_BusinessCombinationRecognizedIdentifiableAssetsAcquiredAndLiabilitiesAssumedOperatingLeaseLiability" xlink:to="abvcd_BusinessCombinationRecognizedIdentifiableAssetsAcquiredAndLiabilitiesAssumedOperatingLeaseLiability_doc" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:label="abvcd_BusinessCombinationRecognizedIdentifiableAssetsAcquiredAndLiabilitiesAssumedOperatingLeaseLiability_doc" xml:lang="en-US">Present value of lessee's discounted obligation for lease payments from operating lease.</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="abvcd_BusinessCombinationRecognizedIdentifiableAssetsAcquiredAndLiabilitiesAssumedOperatingLeaseRightOfUseAssets" xlink:to="abvcd_BusinessCombinationRecognizedIdentifiableAssetsAcquiredAndLiabilitiesAssumedOperatingLeaseRightOfUseAssets_doc" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:label="abvcd_BusinessCombinationRecognizedIdentifiableAssetsAcquiredAndLiabilitiesAssumedOperatingLeaseRightOfUseAssets_doc" xml:lang="en-US">Amount of lessee's right to use underlying asset under operating lease.</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="abvcd_CapitalContributionFromRelatedPartiesUnderCommonControl" xlink:to="abvcd_CapitalContributionFromRelatedPartiesUnderCommonControl_doc" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:label="abvcd_CapitalContributionFromRelatedPartiesUnderCommonControl_doc" xml:lang="en-US">Capital contribution from related parties under common control.</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="abvcd_ClosingSharePrice" xlink:to="abvcd_ClosingSharePrice_doc" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:label="abvcd_ClosingSharePrice_doc" xml:lang="en-US">Closing share price.</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="abvcd_CoDevAgreementDescription" xlink:to="abvcd_CoDevAgreementDescription_doc" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:label="abvcd_CoDevAgreementDescription_doc" xml:lang="en-US">Co-Dev agreement description.</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="abvcd_CollaborativeAgreementsDescription" xlink:to="abvcd_CollaborativeAgreementsDescription_doc" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:label="abvcd_CollaborativeAgreementsDescription_doc" xml:lang="en-US">Collaborative Agreements, description</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="abvcd_CollaborativeArrangementOneMember" xlink:to="abvcd_CollaborativeArrangementOneMember_doc" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:label="abvcd_CollaborativeArrangementOneMember_doc" xml:lang="en-US">Contractual arrangement one that involves two or more parties that both: (i) actively participate in a joint operating activity and (ii) are exposed to significant risks and rewards that depend on the commercial success of the joint operating activity.</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="abvcd_CommonSharesIssuedForDueToRelatedParties" xlink:to="abvcd_CommonSharesIssuedForDueToRelatedParties_doc" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:label="abvcd_CommonSharesIssuedForDueToRelatedParties_doc" xml:lang="en-US">Amount of common shares issued for due to related parties for the reporting period.</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="abvcd_CommonStockIssuedAfterStockSplit" xlink:to="abvcd_CommonStockIssuedAfterStockSplit_doc" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:label="abvcd_CommonStockIssuedAfterStockSplit_doc" xml:lang="en-US">Common stock issued after stock split.</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="abvcd_CommonStockIssuedBeforeStockSplit" xlink:to="abvcd_CommonStockIssuedBeforeStockSplit_doc" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:label="abvcd_CommonStockIssuedBeforeStockSplit_doc" xml:lang="en-US">Common stock issued before stock split.</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="abvcd_CommonStockSharesIssuedTotal" xlink:to="abvcd_CommonStockSharesIssuedTotal_doc" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:label="abvcd_CommonStockSharesIssuedTotal_doc" xml:lang="en-US">Common stock shares issued total.</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="abvcd_CommonStockToBeIssued" xlink:to="abvcd_CommonStockToBeIssued_doc" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:label="abvcd_CommonStockToBeIssued_doc" xml:lang="en-US">Common stock to be issued.</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="abvcd_CommonStockToBeIssued1" xlink:to="abvcd_CommonStockToBeIssued1_doc" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:label="abvcd_CommonStockToBeIssued1_doc" xml:lang="en-US">Common stock to be issued1.</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="abvcd_CommonStockToBeIssued3" xlink:to="abvcd_CommonStockToBeIssued3_doc" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:label="abvcd_CommonStockToBeIssued3_doc" xml:lang="en-US">Common stock to be issued3.</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="abvcd_ConsultingService" xlink:to="abvcd_ConsultingService_doc" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:label="abvcd_ConsultingService_doc" xml:lang="en-US">the amount of consultinf services.</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="abvcd_Consultingagreementdescription" xlink:to="abvcd_Consultingagreementdescription_doc" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:label="abvcd_Consultingagreementdescription_doc" xml:lang="en-US">Consulting agreement description.</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="abvcd_ConversionOfExchangeRatio" xlink:to="abvcd_ConversionOfExchangeRatio_doc" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:label="abvcd_ConversionOfExchangeRatio_doc" xml:lang="en-US">The exchange ratio per stock split.</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="abvcd_ConvertibleNotesPayableDisclosureTextBlock" xlink:to="abvcd_ConvertibleNotesPayableDisclosureTextBlock_doc" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:label="abvcd_ConvertibleNotesPayableDisclosureTextBlock_doc" xml:lang="en-US">Disclosure of convertible notes payable.</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="abvcd_CumulativeEffectAdjustmentOfOpeningBalanceOfAccumulatedDeficit" xlink:to="abvcd_CumulativeEffectAdjustmentOfOpeningBalanceOfAccumulatedDeficit_doc" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:label="abvcd_CumulativeEffectAdjustmentOfOpeningBalanceOfAccumulatedDeficit_doc" xml:lang="en-US">Cumulative-effect adjustment of opening balance of accumulated deficit.</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="abvcd_CumulativeTransactionAdjustments" xlink:to="abvcd_CumulativeTransactionAdjustments_doc" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:label="abvcd_CumulativeTransactionAdjustments_doc" xml:lang="en-US">Cumulative transaction adjustments.</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="abvcd_DebtInstrumentDueDate" xlink:to="abvcd_DebtInstrumentDueDate_doc" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:label="abvcd_DebtInstrumentDueDate_doc" xml:lang="en-US">Debt instrument due date.</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="abvcd_DisclosureOfBankLoansTextBlock" xlink:to="abvcd_DisclosureOfBankLoansTextBlock_doc" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:label="abvcd_DisclosureOfBankLoansTextBlock_doc" xml:lang="en-US">Disclosure of bank loans text block.</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="abvcd_EquityIncentivePlanMember" xlink:to="abvcd_EquityIncentivePlanMember_doc" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:label="abvcd_EquityIncentivePlanMember_doc" xml:lang="en-US">Equity incentive plan member.</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="abvcd_ExceedingAmount" xlink:to="abvcd_ExceedingAmount_doc" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:label="abvcd_ExceedingAmount_doc" xml:lang="en-US">Exceeding amount.</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="abvcd_FederalTotal" xlink:to="abvcd_FederalTotal_doc" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:label="abvcd_FederalTotal_doc" xml:lang="en-US">The amount of federal total.</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="abvcd_ForwardStockSplitsPolicyTextBlock" xlink:to="abvcd_ForwardStockSplitsPolicyTextBlock_doc" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:label="abvcd_ForwardStockSplitsPolicyTextBlock_doc" xml:lang="en-US">Disclosure of accounting policy for forward stock splits.</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="abvcd_FullyExpenseEntireAmount" xlink:to="abvcd_FullyExpenseEntireAmount_doc" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:label="abvcd_FullyExpenseEntireAmount_doc" xml:lang="en-US">Fully expense entire amount.</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="abvcd_GoingConcernDisclosureTextBlock" xlink:to="abvcd_GoingConcernDisclosureTextBlock_doc" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:label="abvcd_GoingConcernDisclosureTextBlock_doc" xml:lang="en-US">Going concern disclosure.</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="abvcd_GoingConcernTextualAbstract" xlink:to="abvcd_GoingConcernTextualAbstract_doc" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:label="abvcd_GoingConcernTextualAbstract_doc" xml:lang="en-US">Going concern textual.</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="abvcd_GoodWillWriteDownPercentage" xlink:to="abvcd_GoodWillWriteDownPercentage_doc" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:label="abvcd_GoodWillWriteDownPercentage_doc" xml:lang="en-US">Good will write down percentage.</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="abvcd_LongTermEquityInvestmentPolicy" xlink:to="abvcd_LongTermEquityInvestmentPolicy_doc" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:label="abvcd_LongTermEquityInvestmentPolicy_doc" xml:lang="en-US">Disclosure of accounting policy for long-term equity investment.</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="abvcd_LongTermInvestmentTextBlock" xlink:to="abvcd_LongTermInvestmentTextBlock_doc" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:label="abvcd_LongTermInvestmentTextBlock_doc" xml:lang="en-US">Long TermInvestment TextBlock</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="abvcd_MarketableSecuritiesRealizedGainLossOtherThanTemporaryImpairmentsAmounts" xlink:to="abvcd_MarketableSecuritiesRealizedGainLossOtherThanTemporaryImpairmentsAmounts_doc" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:label="abvcd_MarketableSecuritiesRealizedGainLossOtherThanTemporaryImpairmentsAmounts_doc" xml:lang="en-US">This element represents the amount of loss recognized for other than temporary impairments (OTTI) of investments in debt and equity securities.</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="abvcd_Merchandise" xlink:to="abvcd_Merchandise_doc" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:label="abvcd_Merchandise_doc" xml:lang="en-US">Amount of merchandise.</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="abvcd_MilestonePayments" xlink:to="abvcd_MilestonePayments_doc" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:label="abvcd_MilestonePayments_doc" xml:lang="en-US">Milestone payments.</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="abvcd_MilestonePaymentsRoyaltyPercentage" xlink:to="abvcd_MilestonePaymentsRoyaltyPercentage_doc" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:label="abvcd_MilestonePaymentsRoyaltyPercentage_doc" xml:lang="en-US">Milestone payments royalty percentage.</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="abvcd_NetLossAttributableToAbvcAndSubsidiaries" xlink:to="abvcd_NetLossAttributableToAbvcAndSubsidiaries_doc" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:label="abvcd_NetLossAttributableToAbvcAndSubsidiaries_doc" xml:lang="en-US">Net loss attributable to ABVC and subsidiaries.</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="abvcd_NonOperatingImpairmentLoss" xlink:to="abvcd_NonOperatingImpairmentLoss_doc" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:label="abvcd_NonOperatingImpairmentLoss_doc" xml:lang="en-US">Amount of loss from impairment of right-of-use asset from non operating .</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="abvcd_OrganizationAndDescriptionOfBusinessTextualAbstract" xlink:to="abvcd_OrganizationAndDescriptionOfBusinessTextualAbstract_doc" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:label="abvcd_OrganizationAndDescriptionOfBusinessTextualAbstract_doc" xml:lang="en-US">Organization and description of business textual.</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="abvcd_OtherComprehensiveIncomes" xlink:to="abvcd_OtherComprehensiveIncomes_doc" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:label="abvcd_OtherComprehensiveIncomes_doc" xml:lang="en-US">Other comprehensive income</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="abvcd_OtherNoncashIncomeAndExpenses" xlink:to="abvcd_OtherNoncashIncomeAndExpenses_doc" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:label="abvcd_OtherNoncashIncomeAndExpenses_doc" xml:lang="en-US">Other non-cash income and expenses.</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="abvcd_OtherReceivableRelatedPartiesTableTextBlock" xlink:to="abvcd_OtherReceivableRelatedPartiesTableTextBlock_doc" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:label="abvcd_OtherReceivableRelatedPartiesTableTextBlock_doc" xml:lang="en-US">Tabular of other receivable related parties.</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="abvcd_OtherThanTemporaryImpairmentPolicyTextBlock" xlink:to="abvcd_OtherThanTemporaryImpairmentPolicyTextBlock_doc" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:label="abvcd_OtherThanTemporaryImpairmentPolicyTextBlock_doc" xml:lang="en-US">Disclosure of accounting policy for other than temporary impairment.</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="abvcd_PercentageOfIssuedShareCapital" xlink:to="abvcd_PercentageOfIssuedShareCapital_doc" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:label="abvcd_PercentageOfIssuedShareCapital_doc" xml:lang="en-US">Percentage of issued share capital.</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="abvcd_PercentageOfPaymentsUnderCodevelopmentAgreement" xlink:to="abvcd_PercentageOfPaymentsUnderCodevelopmentAgreement_doc" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:label="abvcd_PercentageOfPaymentsUnderCodevelopmentAgreement_doc" xml:lang="en-US">Percentage of payments under co-development agreement.</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="abvcd_PercentageOfPaymentsUnderCollaborativeAgreement" xlink:to="abvcd_PercentageOfPaymentsUnderCollaborativeAgreement_doc" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:label="abvcd_PercentageOfPaymentsUnderCollaborativeAgreement_doc" xml:lang="en-US">Percentage of payments under collaborative agreement.</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="abvcd_PromissoryNoteDescription" xlink:to="abvcd_PromissoryNoteDescription_doc" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:label="abvcd_PromissoryNoteDescription_doc" xml:lang="en-US">Description of promissory note.</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="abvcd_ProvisionalRemeasurementOfDeferredTaxes" xlink:to="abvcd_ProvisionalRemeasurementOfDeferredTaxes_doc" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:label="abvcd_ProvisionalRemeasurementOfDeferredTaxes_doc" xml:lang="en-US">Percentage of the provisional remeasurement of deferred taxes.</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="abvcd_ReceivedLoanAmount" xlink:to="abvcd_ReceivedLoanAmount_doc" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:label="abvcd_ReceivedLoanAmount_doc" xml:lang="en-US">Received loan amount.</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="abvcd_RegularInterestRateDescription" xlink:to="abvcd_RegularInterestRateDescription_doc" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:label="abvcd_RegularInterestRateDescription_doc" xml:lang="en-US">Regular interest rate description.</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="abvcd_RelatedPartyTransactionDescriptionOfTransactions" xlink:to="abvcd_RelatedPartyTransactionDescriptionOfTransactions_doc" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:label="abvcd_RelatedPartyTransactionDescriptionOfTransactions_doc" xml:lang="en-US">It represents related party descriptions.</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="abvcd_Remittedamount" xlink:to="abvcd_Remittedamount_doc" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:label="abvcd_Remittedamount_doc" xml:lang="en-US">It represents about remitted amount.</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="abvcd_RestructuringReserveAccrualAdjustment1Shares" xlink:to="abvcd_RestructuringReserveAccrualAdjustment1Shares_doc" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:label="abvcd_RestructuringReserveAccrualAdjustment1Shares_doc" xml:lang="en-US">Effects from restructuring, shares.</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="abvcd_RetainedEarningsAccumulatedDeficit1" xlink:to="abvcd_RetainedEarningsAccumulatedDeficit1_doc" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:label="abvcd_RetainedEarningsAccumulatedDeficit1_doc" xml:lang="en-US">Accumulated change in equity from transactions and other events and circumstances from non-owner sources, net of tax effect, at period end. Excludes Net Income (Loss), and accumulated changes in equity from transactions resulting from investments by owners and distributions to owners. Includes foreign currency translation items, certain pension adjustments, unrealized gains and losses on certain investments in debt and equity securities, other than temporary impairment (OTTI) losses related to factors other than credit losses on available-for-sale and held-to-maturity debt securities that an entity does not intend to sell and it is not more likely than not that the entity will be required to sell before recovery of the amortized cost basis, as well as changes in the fair value of derivatives related to the effective portion of a designated cash flow hedge.</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="abvcd_RetainedEarningsAccumulatedDeficit2" xlink:to="abvcd_RetainedEarningsAccumulatedDeficit2_doc" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:label="abvcd_RetainedEarningsAccumulatedDeficit2_doc" xml:lang="en-US">Accumulated change in equity from transactions and other events and circumstances from non-owner sources, net of tax effect, at period end. Excludes Net Income (Loss), and accumulated changes in equity from transactions resulting from investments by owners and distributions to owners. Includes foreign currency translation items, certain pension adjustments, unrealized gains and losses on certain investments in debt and equity securities, other than temporary impairment (OTTI) losses related to factors other than credit losses on available-for-sale and held-to-maturity debt securities that an entity does not intend to sell and it is not more likely than not that the entity will be required to sell before recovery of the amortized cost basis, as well as changes in the fair value of derivatives related to the effective portion of a designated cash flow hedge.</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="abvcd_RetainedEarningsAccumulatedDeficit3" xlink:to="abvcd_RetainedEarningsAccumulatedDeficit3_doc" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:label="abvcd_RetainedEarningsAccumulatedDeficit3_doc" xml:lang="en-US">Accumulated change in equity from transactions and other events and circumstances from non-owner sources, net of tax effect, at period end. Excludes Net Income (Loss), and accumulated changes in equity from transactions resulting from investments by owners and distributions to owners. Includes foreign currency translation items, certain pension adjustments, unrealized gains and losses on certain investments in debt and equity securities, other than temporary impairment (OTTI) losses related to factors other than credit losses on available-for-sale and held-to-maturity debt securities that an entity does not intend to sell and it is not more likely than not that the entity will be required to sell before recovery of the amortized cost basis, as well as changes in the fair value of derivatives related to the effective portion of a designated cash flow hedge.</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="abvcd_ScheduleOfCommonStockToBeIssuedToShareholdersInExchangeOfCommonStockOutstandingTableTextBlock" xlink:to="abvcd_ScheduleOfCommonStockToBeIssuedToShareholdersInExchangeOfCommonStockOutstandingTableTextBlock_doc" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:label="abvcd_ScheduleOfCommonStockToBeIssuedToShareholdersInExchangeOfCommonStockOutstandingTableTextBlock_doc" xml:lang="en-US">Schedule of common stock to be issued to shareholders in exchange of common stock outstanding.</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="abvcd_ScheduleOfCondensedBalanceSheetsTableTextBlock" xlink:to="abvcd_ScheduleOfCondensedBalanceSheetsTableTextBlock_doc" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:label="abvcd_ScheduleOfCondensedBalanceSheetsTableTextBlock_doc" xml:lang="en-US">Tabular disclosure of condensed balance sheet, including, but not limited to, balance sheets of consolidated entities and consolidation eliminations.</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="abvcd_ScheduleOfCondensedIncomeStatementsTableTextBlock" xlink:to="abvcd_ScheduleOfCondensedIncomeStatementsTableTextBlock_doc" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:label="abvcd_ScheduleOfCondensedIncomeStatementsTableTextBlock_doc" xml:lang="en-US">Tabular disclosure of condensed income statement, including, but not limited to, income statements of consolidated entities and consolidation eliminations.</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="abvcd_ScheduleOfDueFromRelatedPartiesTableTextBlock" xlink:to="abvcd_ScheduleOfDueFromRelatedPartiesTableTextBlock_doc" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:label="abvcd_ScheduleOfDueFromRelatedPartiesTableTextBlock_doc" xml:lang="en-US">Tabular disclosure of due from related parties.</link:label>
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      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:label="abvcd_ScheduleOfExtentInvesteeReliesTableTextBlock_doc" xml:lang="en-US">Schedule of extent the investee relies.</link:label>
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      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:label="abvcd_ScheduleOfLongTermInvestmentTableTextBlock_doc" xml:lang="en-US">Schedule of long term investment.</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="abvcd_ScheduleOfOperatingLeaseArrangementsTableTextBlock" xlink:to="abvcd_ScheduleOfOperatingLeaseArrangementsTableTextBlock_doc" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:label="abvcd_ScheduleOfOperatingLeaseArrangementsTableTextBlock_doc" xml:lang="en-US">Schedule of operating lease arrangements.</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="abvcd_ScheduleOfPropertyAndEquipment" xlink:to="abvcd_ScheduleOfPropertyAndEquipment_doc" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:label="abvcd_ScheduleOfPropertyAndEquipment_doc" xml:lang="en-US">Schedule of property and equipment.</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="abvcd_ScheduleOfRecognizedIdentifiedAssetAcquiredAndLiabilitiesAssumedTableTextBlock" xlink:to="abvcd_ScheduleOfRecognizedIdentifiedAssetAcquiredAndLiabilitiesAssumedTableTextBlock_doc" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:label="abvcd_ScheduleOfRecognizedIdentifiedAssetAcquiredAndLiabilitiesAssumedTableTextBlock_doc" xml:lang="en-US">Tabular disclosure of the amounts recognized as of the acquisition date for each major class of assets acquired and liabilities assumed. May include but not limited to the following: (a) acquired receivables; (b) contingencies recognized at the acquisition date; and (c) the fair value of noncontrolling interests in the acquiree.</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="abvcd_ScheduleOfReconciliationOfCommonStockToBeIssuedTableTextBlock" xlink:to="abvcd_ScheduleOfReconciliationOfCommonStockToBeIssuedTableTextBlock_doc" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:label="abvcd_ScheduleOfReconciliationOfCommonStockToBeIssuedTableTextBlock_doc" xml:lang="en-US">Schedule of reconciliation of common stock to be issued.</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="abvcd_ScheduleOfRelatedPartyTransactionsAmountDueToRelatedParty" xlink:to="abvcd_ScheduleOfRelatedPartyTransactionsAmountDueToRelatedParty_doc" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:label="abvcd_ScheduleOfRelatedPartyTransactionsAmountDueToRelatedParty_doc" xml:lang="en-US">Tabular disclosure of related party transactions. Amount due to related party.</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="abvcd_ScheduleOfSupplementalInformationRelatedToOperatingLeasesTableTextBlock" xlink:to="abvcd_ScheduleOfSupplementalInformationRelatedToOperatingLeasesTableTextBlock_doc" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:label="abvcd_ScheduleOfSupplementalInformationRelatedToOperatingLeasesTableTextBlock_doc" xml:lang="en-US">Schedule of supplemental information related to operating leases.</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="abvcd_ShareExchangeAgreementMember" xlink:to="abvcd_ShareExchangeAgreementMember_doc" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:label="abvcd_ShareExchangeAgreementMember_doc" xml:lang="en-US">Information by category of arrangement, including but not limited to collaborative arrangements and non-collaborative arrangements.</link:label>
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      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:label="abvcd_StateTotal_doc" xml:lang="en-US">The amount of state total.</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="abvcd_StockBasedCompensationForNonemployees" xlink:to="abvcd_StockBasedCompensationForNonemployees_doc" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:label="abvcd_StockBasedCompensationForNonemployees_doc" xml:lang="en-US">Stock based compensation for nonemployees.</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="abvcd_StockReverseSplitPolicyTextBlock" xlink:to="abvcd_StockReverseSplitPolicyTextBlock_doc" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:label="abvcd_StockReverseSplitPolicyTextBlock_doc" xml:lang="en-US">Disclosure of accounting policy for Stock Reverse Split.</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="abvcd_SummaryOfSignificantAccountingPoliciesTextualAbstract" xlink:to="abvcd_SummaryOfSignificantAccountingPoliciesTextualAbstract_doc" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:label="abvcd_SummaryOfSignificantAccountingPoliciesTextualAbstract_doc" xml:lang="en-US">Summary of significant accounting policies textual.</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="abvcd_TranslationAdjustmentPolicyTextBlock" xlink:to="abvcd_TranslationAdjustmentPolicyTextBlock_doc" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:label="abvcd_TranslationAdjustmentPolicyTextBlock_doc" xml:lang="en-US">Disclosure of accounting policy for translation adjustment.</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="abvcd_TreasurySharesOutstanding" xlink:to="abvcd_TreasurySharesOutstanding_doc" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:label="abvcd_TreasurySharesOutstanding_doc" xml:lang="en-US">The amount of treasury shares outstanding.</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="abvcd_UnsecuredLoanAgreementsDescription" xlink:to="abvcd_UnsecuredLoanAgreementsDescription_doc" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:label="abvcd_UnsecuredLoanAgreementsDescription_doc" xml:lang="en-US">Description of unsecured loan agreements.</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="abvcd_UpfrontPayments" xlink:to="abvcd_UpfrontPayments_doc" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:label="abvcd_UpfrontPayments_doc" xml:lang="en-US">The amount of upfront payments which are paid during the term of agreement.</link:label>
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      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:label="abvcd_ValuationOfDeferredTaxAssetsPolicyTextBlock_doc" xml:lang="en-US">Disclosure of accounting policy for valuation of deferred tax assets.</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="abvcd_WorkingCapitalDeficiency" xlink:to="abvcd_WorkingCapitalDeficiency_doc" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:label="abvcd_WorkingCapitalDeficiency_doc" xml:lang="en-US">The amount of working capital deficiency.</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="abvcd_ProFormaFinancialStatementsTextBlock" xlink:to="abvcd_ProFormaFinancialStatementsTextBlock_doc" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:label="abvcd_ProFormaFinancialStatementsTextBlock_doc" xml:lang="en-US">Pro forma financial statements.</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_TreasuryStockValue" xlink:to="us-gaap_TreasuryStockValue_2_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_TreasuryStockValue_2_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Treasury Stock, Value</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_InterestExpense" xlink:to="us-gaap_InterestExpense_4_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_InterestExpense_4_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Interest Expense</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_OtherNonoperatingExpense" xlink:to="us-gaap_OtherNonoperatingExpense_2_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_OtherNonoperatingExpense_2_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Other Nonoperating Expense</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_IncomeTaxExpenseBenefit" xlink:to="us-gaap_IncomeTaxExpenseBenefit_5_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_IncomeTaxExpenseBenefit_5_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Income Tax Expense (Benefit)</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="abvcd_NetLossAttributableToAbvcAndSubsidiaries" xlink:to="abvcd_NetLossAttributableToAbvcAndSubsidiaries_3_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="abvcd_NetLossAttributableToAbvcAndSubsidiaries_3_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">NetLossAttributableToAbvcAndSubsidiaries</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_WeightedAverageNumberOfShareOutstandingBasicAndDiluted" xlink:to="us-gaap_WeightedAverageNumberOfShareOutstandingBasicAndDiluted_2_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_WeightedAverageNumberOfShareOutstandingBasicAndDiluted_2_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Weighted Average Number of Shares Outstanding, Basic and Diluted</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_InventoryWriteDown" xlink:to="us-gaap_InventoryWriteDown_2_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_InventoryWriteDown_2_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Inventory Write-down</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseInAccountsReceivable" xlink:to="us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseInAccountsReceivable_2_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseInAccountsReceivable_2_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Increase (Decrease) in Accounts Receivable</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseInAccountsReceivableAndOtherOperatingAssets" xlink:to="us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseInAccountsReceivableAndOtherOperatingAssets_2_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseInAccountsReceivableAndOtherOperatingAssets_2_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Increase (Decrease) in Accounts Receivable and Other Operating Assets</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseInAccountsAndOtherReceivables" xlink:to="us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseInAccountsAndOtherReceivables_2_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseInAccountsAndOtherReceivables_2_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Increase (Decrease) in Accounts and Other Receivables</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseDueFromOtherRelatedParties" xlink:to="us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseDueFromOtherRelatedParties_2_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseDueFromOtherRelatedParties_2_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Increase (Decrease) Due from Other Related Parties</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseInInventories" xlink:to="us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseInInventories_2_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseInInventories_2_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Increase (Decrease) in Inventories</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_NetCashProvidedByUsedInOperatingActivities" xlink:to="us-gaap_NetCashProvidedByUsedInOperatingActivities_2_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_NetCashProvidedByUsedInOperatingActivities_2_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Net Cash Provided by (Used in) Operating Activities</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_PaymentsToAcquireInvestments" xlink:to="us-gaap_PaymentsToAcquireInvestments_2_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_PaymentsToAcquireInvestments_2_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Payments to Acquire Investments</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_NetCashProvidedByUsedInInvestingActivities" xlink:to="us-gaap_NetCashProvidedByUsedInInvestingActivities_2_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_NetCashProvidedByUsedInInvestingActivities_2_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Net Cash Provided by (Used in) Investing Activities</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="abvcd_CapitalContributionFromRelatedPartiesUnderCommonControl" xlink:to="abvcd_CapitalContributionFromRelatedPartiesUnderCommonControl_3_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="abvcd_CapitalContributionFromRelatedPartiesUnderCommonControl_3_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">CapitalContributionFromRelatedPartiesUnderCommonControl</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_RepaymentsOfRelatedPartyDebt" xlink:to="us-gaap_RepaymentsOfRelatedPartyDebt_2_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_RepaymentsOfRelatedPartyDebt_2_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Repayments of Related Party Debt</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_RepaymentsOfBankDebt" xlink:to="us-gaap_RepaymentsOfBankDebt_2_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_RepaymentsOfBankDebt_2_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Repayments of Bank Debt</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_NetCashProvidedByUsedInFinancingActivities" xlink:to="us-gaap_NetCashProvidedByUsedInFinancingActivities_2_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_NetCashProvidedByUsedInFinancingActivities_2_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Net Cash Provided by (Used in) Financing Activities</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_CashAndCashEquivalentsPeriodIncreaseDecrease" xlink:to="us-gaap_CashAndCashEquivalentsPeriodIncreaseDecrease_2_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_CashAndCashEquivalentsPeriodIncreaseDecrease_2_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Cash and Cash Equivalents, Period Increase (Decrease)</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_SharesOutstanding" xlink:to="us-gaap_SharesOutstanding_3_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_SharesOutstanding_3_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Shares, Outstanding</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_StockIssuedDuringPeriodValueShareBasedCompensation" xlink:to="us-gaap_StockIssuedDuringPeriodValueShareBasedCompensation_2_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_StockIssuedDuringPeriodValueShareBasedCompensation_2_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Shares Issued, Value, Share-based Payment Arrangement, after Forfeiture</link:label>
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      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_BusinessCombinationRecognizedIdentifiableAssetsAcquiredAndLiabilitiesAssumedCurrentLiabilitiesAccountsPayable_2_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Business Combination, Recognized Identifiable Assets Acquired and Liabilities Assumed, Current Liabilities, Accounts Payable</link:label>
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      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_BusinessCombinationRecognizedIdentifiableAssetsAcquiredAndLiabilitiesAssumedCurrentLiabilitiesOther_3_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Business Combination, Recognized Identifiable Assets Acquired and Liabilities Assumed, Current Liabilities, Other</link:label>
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      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="abvcd_BusinessCombinationRecognizedIdentifiableAssetsAcquiredAndLiabilitiesAssumedOperatingLeaseLiability_3_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">BusinessCombinationRecognizedIdentifiableAssetsAcquiredAndLiabilitiesAssumedOperatingLeaseLiability</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="abvcd_BusinessCombinationRecognizedIdentifiableAssetsAcquiredAndLiabilitiesAssumedCurrentTenantSecurityDeposit" xlink:to="abvcd_BusinessCombinationRecognizedIdentifiableAssetsAcquiredAndLiabilitiesAssumedCurrentTenantSecurityDeposit_2_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="abvcd_BusinessCombinationRecognizedIdentifiableAssetsAcquiredAndLiabilitiesAssumedCurrentTenantSecurityDeposit_2_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">BusinessCombinationRecognizedIdentifiableAssetsAcquiredAndLiabilitiesAssumedCurrentTenantSecurityDeposit</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_RestrictedCashAndCashEquivalentsAtCarryingValue" xlink:to="us-gaap_RestrictedCashAndCashEquivalentsAtCarryingValue_2_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
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      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_ReceivablesNetCurrent_2_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Receivables, Net, Current</link:label>
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      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_AccountsAndOtherReceivablesNetCurrent_2_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Accounts and Other Receivables, Net, Current</link:label>
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      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_PrepaidExpenseAndOtherAssetsCurrent_2_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Prepaid Expense and Other Assets, Current</link:label>
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      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="abvcd_AccruedExpensesAndOtherCurrentLiabilitiesNet_3_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">AccruedExpensesAndOtherCurrentLiabilitiesNet</link:label>
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      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_InterestReceivableNoncurrent_2_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Interest Receivable, Noncurrent</link:label>
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</link:linkbase>
</XBRL>
</TEXT>
</DOCUMENT>
<DOCUMENT>
<TYPE>EX-101.PRE
<SEQUENCE>14
<FILENAME>abvcd-20190331_pre.xml
<DESCRIPTION>XBRL PRESENTATION FILE
<TEXT>
<XBRL>
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<html>
<head>
<title></title>
<link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="report.css">
<script type="text/javascript" src="Show.js">/* Do Not Remove This Comment */</script><script type="text/javascript">
							function toggleNextSibling (e) {
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</head>
<body>
<span style="display: none;">v3.19.2</span><table class="report" border="0" cellspacing="2" id="idp6796422736">
<tr>
<th class="tl" colspan="1" rowspan="2"><div style="width: 200px;"><strong>Document and Entity Information<br></strong></div></th>
<th class="th" colspan="1">3 Months Ended</th>
</tr>
<tr><th class="th"><div>Mar. 31, 2019</div></th></tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_abvcd_DocumentAndEntityInformationAbstract', window );"><strong>Document and Entity Information [Abstract]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_EntityRegistrantName', window );">Entity Registrant Name</a></td>
<td class="text">American BriVision (Holding) Corp<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_EntityCentralIndexKey', window );">Entity Central Index Key</a></td>
<td class="text">0001173313<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_AmendmentFlag', window );">Amendment Flag</a></td>
<td class="text">false<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_DocumentType', window );">Document Type</a></td>
<td class="text">S-1<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_DocumentPeriodEndDate', window );">Document Period End Date</a></td>
<td class="text">Mar. 31,  2019<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_EntityFilerCategory', window );">Entity Filer Category</a></td>
<td class="text">Non-accelerated Filer<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_EntityExTransitionPeriod', window );">Entity Ex Transition Period</a></td>
<td class="text">false<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_EntitySmallBusiness', window );">Entity Small Business</a></td>
<td class="text">true<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_EntityEmergingGrowthCompany', window );">Entity Emerging Growth Company</a></td>
<td class="text">false<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
</table>
<div style="display: none;">
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_abvcd_DocumentAndEntityInformationAbstract">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- References</a><div><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">abvcd_DocumentAndEntityInformationAbstract</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
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<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:stringItemType</td>
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<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
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<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
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<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Boolean flag that is true when the XBRL content amends previously-filed or accepted submission.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_AmendmentFlag</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:booleanItemType</td>
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<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
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</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_DocumentPeriodEndDate">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The end date of the period reflected on the cover page if a periodic report. For all other reports and registration statements containing historical data, it is the date up through which that historical data is presented.  If there is no historical data in the report, use the filing date. The format of the date is CCYY-MM-DD.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_DocumentPeriodEndDate</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:dateItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_DocumentType">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The type of document being provided (such as 10-K, 10-Q, 485BPOS, etc). The document type is limited to the same value as the supporting SEC submission type, or the word 'Other'.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_DocumentType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>dei:submissionTypeItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_EntityCentralIndexKey">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>A unique 10-digit SEC-issued value to identify entities that have filed disclosures with the SEC. It is commonly abbreviated as CIK.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br> -Publisher SEC<br> -Name Regulation 12B<br> -Number 240<br> -Section 12<br> -Subsection b-2<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_EntityCentralIndexKey</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>dei:centralIndexKeyItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_EntityEmergingGrowthCompany">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Indicate if registrant meets the emerging growth company criteria.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br> -Publisher SEC<br> -Name Regulation 12B<br> -Number 240<br> -Section 12<br> -Subsection b-2<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_EntityEmergingGrowthCompany</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:booleanItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
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<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_EntityExTransitionPeriod">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Indicate if an emerging growth company has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br> -Publisher SEC<br> -Name Securities Act<br> -Number 7A<br> -Section B<br> -Subsection 2<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_EntityExTransitionPeriod</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:booleanItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_EntityFilerCategory">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Indicate whether the registrant is one of the following: (1) Large Accelerated Filer, (2) Accelerated Filer, (3) Non-accelerated Filer, (4) Smaller Reporting Company (Non-accelerated), (5) Smaller Reporting Accelerated Filer or (6) Smaller Reporting Company and Large Accelerated Filer. Definitions of these categories are stated in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act. This information should be based on the registrant's current or most recent filing containing the related disclosure.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br> -Publisher SEC<br> -Name Regulation 12B<br> -Number 240<br> -Section 12<br> -Subsection b-2<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_EntityFilerCategory</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
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<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>dei:filerCategoryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_EntityRegistrantName">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The exact name of the entity filing the report as specified in its charter, which is required by forms filed with the SEC.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br> -Publisher SEC<br> -Name Regulation 12B<br> -Number 240<br> -Section 12<br> -Subsection b-2<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_EntityRegistrantName</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:normalizedStringItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_EntitySmallBusiness">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Indicates that the company is a Smaller Reporting Company (SRC).</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br> -Publisher SEC<br> -Name Regulation 12B<br> -Number 240<br> -Section 12<br> -Subsection b-2<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_EntitySmallBusiness</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:booleanItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
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<head>
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<span style="display: none;">v3.19.2</span><table class="report" border="0" cellspacing="2" id="idp6805483584">
<tr>
<th class="tl" colspan="1" rowspan="1"><div style="width: 200px;"><strong>Consolidated Balance Sheets - USD ($)<br></strong></div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Mar. 31, 2019</div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Dec. 31, 2018</div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Dec. 31, 2017</div></th>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_AssetsCurrentAbstract', window );"><strong>Current Assets</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_CashAndCashEquivalentsAtCarryingValue', window );">Cash and cash equivalents</a></td>
<td class="nump">$ 981,341<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 226,688<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 93,332<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_RestrictedCashAndCashEquivalents', window );">Restricted cash and cash equivalents</a></td>
<td class="nump">16,093<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">16,093<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_DueFromRelatedPartiesCurrent', window );">Receivable from collaboration partners - related parties</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">2,550,000<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_AccountsReceivableNet', window );">Accounts receivable, net</a></td>
<td class="nump">162,619<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_abvcd_AccountsReceivableRelatedPartiesNet', window );">Accounts receivable - related parties, net</a></td>
<td class="nump">142,265<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_OtherAssets', window );">Other receivable</a></td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">39,005<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_NotesReceivableRelatedPartiesCurrent', window );">Due from related parties</a></td>
<td class="nump">58,225<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">59,477<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_InventoryNet', window );">Inventory</a></td>
<td class="nump">521<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">1,318<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_PrepaidExpenseCurrent', window );">Prepaid expense and other current assets</a></td>
<td class="nump">166,118<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">223,895<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="reu">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_AssetsCurrent', window );">Total Current Assets</a></td>
<td class="nump">1,527,182<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">566,476<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">2,643,332<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_PropertyPlantAndEquipmentNet', window );">Property and equipment, net</a></td>
<td class="nump">547,520<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">510,066<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_OperatingLeaseRightOfUseAsset', window );">Operating lease right-of-use assets</a></td>
<td class="nump">505,305<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_Goodwill', window );">Goodwill, net</a></td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_LongTermInvestments', window );">Long-term investments</a></td>
<td class="nump">3,407,763<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">3,488,169<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_DeferredTaxAssetsLiabilitiesNetNoncurrent', window );">Deferred tax assets</a></td>
<td class="nump">1,396,023<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">1,347,995<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_PrepaidExpenseNoncurrent', window );">Prepaid expenses - noncurrent</a></td>
<td class="nump">33,004<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_DepositsAssets', window );">Security deposits</a></td>
<td class="nump">33,394<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">27,418<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="reu">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_Assets', window );">Total Assets</a></td>
<td class="nump">7,450,191<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">5,940,124<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">2,643,332<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_LiabilitiesCurrentAbstract', window );"><strong>Current Liabilities</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_AccountsPayableCurrent', window );">Accounts payable</a></td>
<td class="nump">15,558<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ShortTermBankLoansAndNotesPayable', window );">Short-term bank loan</a></td>
<td class="nump">1,891,000<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">899,250<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_LoansPayableToBankCurrent', window );">Long-term bank loan - current portion</a></td>
<td class="nump">39,688<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">39,835<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_NotesPayableCurrent', window );">Notes payable</a></td>
<td class="nump">499,284<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">510,447<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_AccountsPayableAndOtherAccruedLiabilitiesCurrent', window );">Accrued expenses and other current liabilities</a></td>
<td class="nump">1,558,629<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">1,243,158<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_AccruedLiabilitiesCurrentAndNoncurrent', window );">Accrued expense</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">555,449<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">170,927<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_OperatingLeaseLiabilityCurrent', window );">Operating lease liability - current portion</a></td>
<td class="nump">286,212<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_DueToRelatedPartiesCurrentAndNoncurrent', window );">Due to related parties</a></td>
<td class="nump">7,594,784<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">7,745,096<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">4,229,320<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ConvertibleNotesPayableCurrent', window );">Convertible notes payable - current portion</a></td>
<td class="nump">300,000<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">300,000<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_NotesPayableRelatedPartiesClassifiedCurrent', window );">Convertible notes payable - related parties, current portion</a></td>
<td class="nump">250,000<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">250,000<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="reu">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_LiabilitiesCurrent', window );">Total Current Liabilities</a></td>
<td class="nump">12,435,155<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">10,987,786<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">4,400,247<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_LiabilitiesNoncurrentAbstract', window );"><strong>Noncurrent Liabilities</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_LongTermLoansFromBank', window );">Long-term bank loan</a></td>
<td class="nump">5,388<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">15,257<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_SecurityDepositLiability', window );">Tenant security deposit</a></td>
<td class="nump">2,880<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_OperatingLeaseLiabilityNoncurrent', window );">Operating lease liability - noncurrent portion</a></td>
<td class="nump">239,647<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_NotesPayableRelatedPartiesNoncurrent', window );">Convertible notes payable - related parties</a></td>
<td class="nump">250,000<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">250,000<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_abvcd_AccruedInterestNoncurrent', window );">Accrued interest</a></td>
<td class="nump">43,467<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">27,467<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rou">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_Liabilities', window );">Total Liabilities</a></td>
<td class="nump">12,976,537<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">11,280,510<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">4,400,247<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_CommitmentsAndContingencies', window );">Commitments and Contingencies</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_StockholdersEquityAbstract', window );"><strong>Equity</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_PreferredStockValue', window );">Preferred stock, $0.001 par value, 20,000,000 authorized, nil shares issued and outstanding</a></td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_CommonStockValue', window );">Common stock, $0.001 par value, 20,000,000 authorized, 17,693,625 and 11,884,804 issued and outstanding</a></td>
<td class="nump">17,694<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">11,885<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">213,747<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_AdditionalPaidInCapital', window );">Additional paid-in capital</a></td>
<td class="nump">15,680,674<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">14,983,714<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">13,805,936<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_RetainedEarningsAccumulatedDeficit', window );">Accumulated deficit</a></td>
<td class="num">(13,001,117)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(12,209,446)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(15,776,598)<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_abvcd_OtherComprehensiveIncomes', window );">Other comprehensive income</a></td>
<td class="nump">640,439<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">655,851<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_TreasuryStockValue', window );">Treasury stock</a></td>
<td class="num">(9,100,000)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(9,100,000)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="reu">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_StockholdersEquity', window );">Total Stockholders' deficit</a></td>
<td class="num">(5,762,310)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(5,657,996)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(1,756,915)<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_MinorityInterest', window );">Noncontrolling interest</a></td>
<td class="nump">235,964<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">317,610<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="reu">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_StockholdersEquityIncludingPortionAttributableToNoncontrollingInterest', window );">Total Equity (Deficit)</a></td>
<td class="num">(5,526,346)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(5,340,386)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rou">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_LiabilitiesAndStockholdersEquity', window );">Total Liabilities and Equity (Deficit)</a></td>
<td class="nump">$ 7,450,191<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 5,940,124<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 2,643,332<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
</table>
<div style="display: none;">
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_abvcd_AccountsReceivableRelatedPartiesNet">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Accounts receivable - related parties, net</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">abvcd_AccountsReceivableRelatedPartiesNet</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>abvcd_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_abvcd_AccruedInterestNoncurrent">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Carrying value as of the balance sheet date of [accrued] interest payable on all forms of debt, including trade payables, that has been incurred and is unpaid. Used to reflect the current portion of the liabilities.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">abvcd_AccruedInterestNoncurrent</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>abvcd_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_abvcd_OtherComprehensiveIncomes">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Other comprehensive income</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">abvcd_OtherComprehensiveIncomes</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>abvcd_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_AccountsPayableAndOtherAccruedLiabilitiesCurrent">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of liabilities incurred to vendors for goods and services received, and accrued liabilities classified as other, payable within one year or the normal operating cycle, if longer.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_AccountsPayableAndOtherAccruedLiabilitiesCurrent</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_AccountsPayableCurrent">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Carrying value as of the balance sheet date of liabilities incurred (and for which invoices have typically been received) and payable to vendors for goods and services received that are used in an entity's business. Used to reflect the current portion of the liabilities (due within one year or within the normal operating cycle if longer).</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02.19(a))<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6877327&amp;loc=d3e13212-122682<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_AccountsPayableCurrent</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_AccountsReceivableNet">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount, after allowance for credit loss, of right to consideration from customer for product sold and service rendered in normal course of business.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02(3))<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6877327&amp;loc=d3e13212-122682<br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 944<br> -SubTopic 210<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.7-03(5))<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=119400593&amp;loc=d3e572229-122910<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_AccountsReceivableNet</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_AccruedLiabilitiesCurrentAndNoncurrent">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Carrying value as of the balance sheet date of obligations incurred and payable, pertaining to costs that are statutory in nature, are incurred on contractual obligations, or accumulate over time and for which invoices have not yet been received or will not be rendered. Examples include taxes, interest, rent and utilities.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 942<br> -SubTopic 210<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.9-03.15(5))<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6876686&amp;loc=d3e534808-122878<br><br>Reference 2: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 944<br> -SubTopic 210<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.7-03.15(a))<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=119400593&amp;loc=d3e572229-122910<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_AccruedLiabilitiesCurrentAndNoncurrent</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_AdditionalPaidInCapital">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Excess of issue price over par or stated value of the entity's capital stock and amounts received from other transactions involving the entity's stock or stockholders. Includes adjustments to additional paid in capital. Some examples of such adjustments include recording the issuance of debt with a beneficial conversion feature and certain tax consequences of equity instruments awarded to employees. Use this element for the aggregate amount of additional paid-in capital associated with common and preferred stock. For additional paid-in capital associated with only common stock, use the element additional paid in capital, common stock. For additional paid-in capital associated with only preferred stock, use the element additional paid in capital, preferred stock.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02(30)(a)(1))<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6877327&amp;loc=d3e13212-122682<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_AdditionalPaidInCapital</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_Assets">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Sum of the carrying amounts as of the balance sheet date of all assets that are recognized. Assets are probable future economic benefits obtained or controlled by an entity as a result of past transactions or events.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 942<br> -SubTopic 210<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.9-03(11))<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6876686&amp;loc=d3e534808-122878<br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 280<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 22<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=115929826&amp;loc=d3e8736-108599<br><br>Reference 3: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 944<br> -SubTopic 210<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.7-03(a)(12))<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=119400593&amp;loc=d3e572229-122910<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_Assets</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_AssetsCurrent">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Sum of the carrying amounts as of the balance sheet date of all assets that are expected to be realized in cash, sold, or consumed within one year (or the normal operating cycle, if longer). Assets are probable future economic benefits obtained or controlled by an entity as a result of past transactions or events.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 3<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=118951113&amp;loc=d3e6801-107765<br><br>Reference 2: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02.9)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6877327&amp;loc=d3e13212-122682<br><br>Reference 3: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=118951113&amp;loc=d3e6676-107765<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_AssetsCurrent</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_AssetsCurrentAbstract">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- References</a><div><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_AssetsCurrentAbstract</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:stringItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_CashAndCashEquivalentsAtCarryingValue">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of currency on hand as well as demand deposits with banks or financial institutions. Includes other kinds of accounts that have the general characteristics of demand deposits. Also includes short-term, highly liquid investments that are both readily convertible to known amounts of cash and so near their maturity that they present insignificant risk of changes in value because of changes in interest rates. Excludes cash and cash equivalents within disposal group and discontinued operation.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 230<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 4<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=118932676&amp;loc=d3e3044-108585<br><br>Reference 2: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (a)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=118951113&amp;loc=d3e6676-107765<br><br>Reference 3: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02.1)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6877327&amp;loc=d3e13212-122682<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_CashAndCashEquivalentsAtCarryingValue</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_CommitmentsAndContingencies">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Represents the caption on the face of the balance sheet to indicate that the entity has entered into (1) purchase or supply arrangements that will require expending a portion of its resources to meet the terms thereof, and (2) is exposed to potential losses or, less frequently, gains, arising from (a) possible claims against a company's resources due to future performance under contract terms, and (b) possible losses or likely gains from uncertainties that will ultimately be resolved when one or more future events that are deemed likely to occur do occur or fail to occur.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02.25)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6877327&amp;loc=d3e13212-122682<br><br>Reference 2: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 944<br> -SubTopic 210<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.7-03.(a),19)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=119400593&amp;loc=d3e572229-122910<br><br>Reference 3: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 942<br> -SubTopic 210<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.9-03.17)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6876686&amp;loc=d3e534808-122878<br><br>Reference 4: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 450<br> -SubTopic 20<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=118942415&amp;loc=d3e14326-108349<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_CommitmentsAndContingencies</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_CommonStockValue">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Aggregate par or stated value of issued nonredeemable common stock (or common stock redeemable solely at the option of the issuer). This item includes treasury stock repurchased by the entity. Note: elements for number of nonredeemable common shares, par value and other disclosure concepts are in another section within stockholders' equity.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02(29))<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6877327&amp;loc=d3e13212-122682<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_CommonStockValue</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_ConvertibleNotesPayableCurrent">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Carrying value as of the balance sheet date of the portion of long-term debt due within one year or the operating cycle if longer identified as Convertible Notes Payable. Convertible Notes Payable is a written promise to pay a note which can be exchanged for a specified amount of another, related security, at the option of the issuer and the holder.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02.20)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6877327&amp;loc=d3e13212-122682<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_ConvertibleNotesPayableCurrent</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_DeferredTaxAssetsLiabilitiesNetNoncurrent">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount, after allocation of valuation allowances and deferred tax liability, of deferred tax asset attributable to deductible differences and carryforwards, with jurisdictional netting and classified as noncurrent.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/otherTransitionRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 740<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 4<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=116821951&amp;loc=d3e31917-109318<br><br>Reference 2: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/otherTransitionRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 740<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=84230637&amp;loc=d3e32537-109319<br><br>Reference 3: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/otherTransitionRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 740<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 6<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=116821951&amp;loc=d3e31931-109318<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_DeferredTaxAssetsLiabilitiesNetNoncurrent</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_DepositsAssets">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Carrying value of amounts transferred to third parties for security purposes that are expected to be returned or applied towards payment in the future.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02.17)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6877327&amp;loc=d3e13212-122682<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_DepositsAssets</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_DueFromRelatedPartiesCurrent">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The aggregate amount of receivables to be collected from related parties where one party can exercise control or significant influence over another party; including affiliates, owners or officers and their immediate families, pension trusts, and so forth, at the financial statement date. which are usually due within one year (or one business cycle).</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 235<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.4-08(k)(1))<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=26873400&amp;loc=d3e23780-122690<br><br>Reference 2: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02(11))<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6877327&amp;loc=d3e13212-122682<br><br>Reference 3: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02(3)(a)(2))<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6877327&amp;loc=d3e13212-122682<br><br>Reference 4: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (d)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=118951113&amp;loc=d3e6676-107765<br><br>Reference 5: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 850<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (d)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6457730&amp;loc=d3e39549-107864<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_DueFromRelatedPartiesCurrent</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_DueToRelatedPartiesCurrentAndNoncurrent">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Carrying amount as of the balance sheet date of obligations due all related parties.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 235<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.4-08.(k)(1))<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=26873400&amp;loc=d3e23780-122690<br><br>Reference 2: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 944<br> -SubTopic 210<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.7-03.17)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=119400593&amp;loc=d3e572229-122910<br><br>Reference 3: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 850<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (d)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6457730&amp;loc=d3e39549-107864<br><br>Reference 4: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 942<br> -SubTopic 210<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.9-03.15(3),(4))<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6876686&amp;loc=d3e534808-122878<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_DueToRelatedPartiesCurrentAndNoncurrent</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_Goodwill">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount after accumulated impairment loss of an asset representing future economic benefits arising from other assets acquired in a business combination that are not individually identified and separately recognized.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 350<br> -SubTopic 20<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 5<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=77989000&amp;loc=SL49117168-202975<br><br>Reference 2: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 350<br> -SubTopic 20<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=99380562&amp;loc=d3e13770-109266<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_Goodwill</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_InventoryNet">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount after valuation and LIFO reserves of inventory expected to be sold, or consumed within one year or operating cycle, if longer.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (b)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=118951113&amp;loc=d3e6676-107765<br><br>Reference 2: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 330<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 35<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=116846819&amp;loc=d3e3927-108312<br><br>Reference 3: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02.6(a))<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6877327&amp;loc=d3e13212-122682<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_InventoryNet</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_Liabilities">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Sum of the carrying amounts as of the balance sheet date of all liabilities that are recognized. Liabilities are probable future sacrifices of economic benefits arising from present obligations of an entity to transfer assets or provide services to other entities in the future.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02.19-26)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6877327&amp;loc=d3e13212-122682<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_Liabilities</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_LiabilitiesAndStockholdersEquity">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of liabilities and equity items, including the portion of equity attributable to noncontrolling interests, if any.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 942<br> -SubTopic 210<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.9-03(23))<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6876686&amp;loc=d3e534808-122878<br><br>Reference 2: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 944<br> -SubTopic 210<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.7-03(a)(25))<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=119400593&amp;loc=d3e572229-122910<br><br>Reference 3: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02(32))<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6877327&amp;loc=d3e13212-122682<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_LiabilitiesAndStockholdersEquity</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_LiabilitiesCurrent">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Total obligations incurred as part of normal operations that are expected to be paid during the following twelve months or within one business cycle, if longer.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02.21)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6877327&amp;loc=d3e13212-122682<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_LiabilitiesCurrent</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_LiabilitiesCurrentAbstract">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- References</a><div><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_LiabilitiesCurrentAbstract</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:stringItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_LiabilitiesNoncurrentAbstract">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- References</a><div><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_LiabilitiesNoncurrentAbstract</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:stringItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_LoansPayableToBankCurrent">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Carrying value as of the balance sheet date of current portion of long-term loans payable to bank due within one year or the operating cycle if longer.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02(19))<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6877327&amp;loc=d3e13212-122682<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_LoansPayableToBankCurrent</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_LongTermInvestments">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The total amount of investments that are intended to be held for an extended period of time (longer than one operating cycle).</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02.12)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6877327&amp;loc=d3e13212-122682<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_LongTermInvestments</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_LongTermLoansFromBank">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Carrying value as of the balance sheet date of loans from a bank with maturities initially due after one year or beyond the operating cycle if longer, excluding current portion.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02(22))<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6877327&amp;loc=d3e13212-122682<br><br>Reference 2: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 942<br> -SubTopic 210<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.9-03(16))<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6876686&amp;loc=d3e534808-122878<br><br>Reference 3: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 944<br> -SubTopic 210<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.7-03(a)(16)(a)(2))<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=119400593&amp;loc=d3e572229-122910<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_LongTermLoansFromBank</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_MinorityInterest">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Total of all stockholders' equity (deficit) items, net of receivables from officers, directors, owners, and affiliates of the entity which is directly or indirectly attributable to that ownership interest in subsidiary equity which is not attributable to the parent (that is, noncontrolling interest, previously referred to as minority interest).</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 944<br> -SubTopic 210<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.7-03(a)(24))<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=119400593&amp;loc=d3e572229-122910<br><br>Reference 2: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02.31)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6877327&amp;loc=d3e13212-122682<br><br>Reference 3: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 942<br> -SubTopic 210<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.9-03(22))<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6876686&amp;loc=d3e534808-122878<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_MinorityInterest</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_NotesPayableCurrent">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Sum of the carrying values as of the balance sheet date of the portions of long-term notes payable due within one year or the operating cycle if longer.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02.19,20)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6877327&amp;loc=d3e13212-122682<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_NotesPayableCurrent</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_NotesPayableRelatedPartiesClassifiedCurrent">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The amount for notes payable (written promise to pay), due to related parties. Used to reflect the current portion of the liabilities (due within one year or within the normal operating cycle if longer).</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 850<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6457730&amp;loc=d3e39549-107864<br><br>Reference 2: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 235<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.4-08.(k)(1))<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=26873400&amp;loc=d3e23780-122690<br><br>Reference 3: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02.19(a)(5))<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6877327&amp;loc=d3e13212-122682<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_NotesPayableRelatedPartiesClassifiedCurrent</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_NotesPayableRelatedPartiesNoncurrent">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The amount for notes payable (written promise to pay), payable to related parties, which are due after one year (or one business cycle).</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 850<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (d)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6457730&amp;loc=d3e39549-107864<br><br>Reference 2: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 235<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.4-08.(k)(1))<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=26873400&amp;loc=d3e23780-122690<br><br>Reference 3: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02.23)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6877327&amp;loc=d3e13212-122682<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_NotesPayableRelatedPartiesNoncurrent</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_NotesReceivableRelatedPartiesCurrent">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amounts due from parties associated with the reporting entity as evidenced by a written promise to pay, due within 1 year (or 1 business cycle).</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 235<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.4-08.(k)(1))<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=26873400&amp;loc=d3e23780-122690<br><br>Reference 2: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 850<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (d)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6457730&amp;loc=d3e39549-107864<br><br>Reference 3: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02.3(a)(2))<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6877327&amp;loc=d3e13212-122682<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_NotesReceivableRelatedPartiesCurrent</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_OperatingLeaseLiabilityCurrent">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Present value of lessee's discounted obligation for lease payments from operating lease, classified as current.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 842<br> -SubTopic 20<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (b)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=77888419&amp;loc=SL77918627-209977<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_OperatingLeaseLiabilityCurrent</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_OperatingLeaseLiabilityNoncurrent">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Present value of lessee's discounted obligation for lease payments from operating lease, classified as noncurrent.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 842<br> -SubTopic 20<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (b)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=77888419&amp;loc=SL77918627-209977<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_OperatingLeaseLiabilityNoncurrent</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_OperatingLeaseRightOfUseAsset">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of lessee's right to use underlying asset under operating lease.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 842<br> -SubTopic 20<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (a)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=77888419&amp;loc=SL77918627-209977<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_OperatingLeaseRightOfUseAsset</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_OtherAssets">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of assets classified as other.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02(17))<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6877327&amp;loc=d3e13212-122682<br><br>Reference 2: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 942<br> -SubTopic 210<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.9-03(10))<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6876686&amp;loc=d3e534808-122878<br><br>Reference 3: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 944<br> -SubTopic 210<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.7-03(a)(10))<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=119400593&amp;loc=d3e572229-122910<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_OtherAssets</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_PreferredStockValue">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Aggregate par or stated value of issued nonredeemable preferred stock (or preferred stock redeemable solely at the option of the issuer). This item includes treasury stock repurchased by the entity. Note: elements for number of nonredeemable preferred shares, par value and other disclosure concepts are in another section within stockholders' equity.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02(28))<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6877327&amp;loc=d3e13212-122682<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_PreferredStockValue</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_PrepaidExpenseCurrent">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of asset related to consideration paid in advance for costs that provide economic benefits within a future period of one year or the normal operating cycle, if longer.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=118951113&amp;loc=d3e6787-107765<br><br>Reference 2: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (g)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=118951113&amp;loc=d3e6676-107765<br><br>Reference 3: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 340<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 05<br> -Paragraph 5<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=68074540&amp;loc=d3e5879-108316<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_PrepaidExpenseCurrent</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_PrepaidExpenseNoncurrent">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Sum of the carrying amounts as of the balance sheet date of amounts paid in advance for expenses which will be charged against earnings in periods after one year or beyond the operating cycle, if longer.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02.17)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6877327&amp;loc=d3e13212-122682<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_PrepaidExpenseNoncurrent</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_PropertyPlantAndEquipmentNet">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount after accumulated depreciation, depletion and amortization of physical assets used in the normal conduct of business to produce goods and services and not intended for resale. Examples include, but are not limited to, land, buildings, machinery and equipment, office equipment, and furniture and fixtures.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02(14))<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6877327&amp;loc=d3e13212-122682<br><br>Reference 2: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 360<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6391035&amp;loc=d3e2868-110229<br><br>Reference 3: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 944<br> -SubTopic 210<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.7-03(a)(8))<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=119400593&amp;loc=d3e572229-122910<br><br>Reference 4: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02(13))<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6877327&amp;loc=d3e13212-122682<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_PropertyPlantAndEquipmentNet</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_RestrictedCashAndCashEquivalents">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of cash and cash equivalents restricted as to withdrawal or usage. Cash includes, but is not limited to, currency on hand, demand deposits with banks or financial institutions, and other accounts with general characteristics of demand deposits. Cash equivalents include, but are not limited to, short-term, highly liquid investments that are both readily convertible to known amounts of cash and so near their maturity that they present insignificant risk of changes in value because of changes in interest rates.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 944<br> -SubTopic 210<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.7-03(a)(2))<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=119400593&amp;loc=d3e572229-122910<br><br>Reference 2: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02(1))<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6877327&amp;loc=d3e13212-122682<br><br>Reference 3: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 230<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 8<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=98513485&amp;loc=SL98516268-108586<br><br>Reference 4: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 942<br> -SubTopic 210<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.9-03(1)(a))<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6876686&amp;loc=d3e534808-122878<br><br>Reference 5: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 230<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 4<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=118932676&amp;loc=d3e3044-108585<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_RestrictedCashAndCashEquivalents</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_RetainedEarningsAccumulatedDeficit">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The cumulative amount of the reporting entity's undistributed earnings or deficit.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02(30)(a)(3))<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6877327&amp;loc=d3e13212-122682<br><br>Reference 2: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 944<br> -SubTopic 210<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.7-03(a)(23)(a)(4))<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=119400593&amp;loc=d3e572229-122910<br><br>Reference 3: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 505<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.3-04)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=27012166&amp;loc=d3e187085-122770<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_RetainedEarningsAccumulatedDeficit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_SecurityDepositLiability">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>This element represents money paid in advance to protect the provider of a product or service, such as a lessor, against damage or nonpayment by the buyer or tenant (lessee) during the term of the agreement. Such damages may include physical damage to the property, theft of property, and other contractual breaches. Security deposits held may be interest or noninterest bearing.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 944<br> -SubTopic 210<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.7-03.15(a))<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=119400593&amp;loc=d3e572229-122910<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_SecurityDepositLiability</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_ShortTermBankLoansAndNotesPayable">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of borrowings from a bank classified as other, maturing within one year or operating cycle, if longer.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02.19(a)(1))<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6877327&amp;loc=d3e13212-122682<br><br>Reference 2: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 944<br> -SubTopic 210<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.7-03.16)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=119400593&amp;loc=d3e572229-122910<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_ShortTermBankLoansAndNotesPayable</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_StockholdersEquity">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Total of all stockholders' equity (deficit) items, net of receivables from officers, directors, owners, and affiliates of the entity which are attributable to the parent. The amount of the economic entity's stockholders' equity attributable to the parent excludes the amount of stockholders' equity which is allocable to that ownership interest in subsidiary equity which is not attributable to the parent (noncontrolling interest, minority interest). This excludes temporary equity and is sometimes called permanent equity.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 310<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -Subparagraph (SAB Topic 4.E)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=27010918&amp;loc=d3e74512-122707<br><br>Reference 2: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02(31))<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6877327&amp;loc=d3e13212-122682<br><br>Reference 3: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02(29))<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6877327&amp;loc=d3e13212-122682<br><br>Reference 4: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02(30))<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6877327&amp;loc=d3e13212-122682<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_StockholdersEquity</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_StockholdersEquityAbstract">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- References</a><div><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_StockholdersEquityAbstract</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
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<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
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<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
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<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_StockholdersEquityIncludingPortionAttributableToNoncontrollingInterest">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of stockholders' equity (deficit), net of receivables from officers, directors, owners, and affiliates of the entity, attributable to both the parent and noncontrolling interests. Amount excludes temporary equity. Alternate caption for the concept is permanent equity.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 810<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 16<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=108774443&amp;loc=SL4568740-111683<br><br>Reference 2: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 810<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 55<br> -Paragraph 4I<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=116874947&amp;loc=SL4590271-111686<br><br>Reference 3: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 810<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 15<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=108774443&amp;loc=SL4568447-111683<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_StockholdersEquityIncludingPortionAttributableToNoncontrollingInterest</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
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<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
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</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_TreasuryStockValue">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The amount allocated to treasury stock. Treasury stock is common and preferred shares of an entity that were issued, repurchased by the entity, and are held in its treasury.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 505<br> -SubTopic 30<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 4<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6405834&amp;loc=d3e23315-112656<br><br>Reference 2: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02.29,30)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6877327&amp;loc=d3e13212-122682<br><br>Reference 3: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 505<br> -SubTopic 30<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6405813&amp;loc=d3e23239-112655<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_TreasuryStockValue</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
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<span style="display: none;">v3.19.2</span><table class="report" border="0" cellspacing="2" id="idp6796519312">
<tr>
<th class="tl" colspan="1" rowspan="1"><div style="width: 200px;"><strong>Consolidated Balance Sheets (Parenthetical) - $ / shares<br></strong></div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Mar. 31, 2019</div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Dec. 31, 2018</div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Dec. 31, 2017</div></th>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_StatementOfFinancialPositionAbstract', window );"><strong>Statement of Financial Position [Abstract]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_PreferredStockParOrStatedValuePerShare', window );">Preferred shares, par value</a></td>
<td class="nump">$ 0.001<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 0.001<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_PreferredStockSharesAuthorized', window );">Preferred stock, shares authorized</a></td>
<td class="nump">20,000,000<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">20,000,000<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_PreferredStockSharesIssued', window );">Preferred stock, shares issued</a></td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_PreferredStockSharesOutstanding', window );">Preferred stock, shares outstanding</a></td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_CommonStockParOrStatedValuePerShare', window );">Common stock, par value</a></td>
<td class="nump">$ 0.001<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 0.001<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 0.001<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_CommonStockSharesAuthorized', window );">Common stock, shares authorized</a></td>
<td class="nump">20,000,000<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">20,000,000<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">360,000,000<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_CommonStockSharesIssued', window );">Common stock, shares issued</a></td>
<td class="nump">17,693,625<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">11,884,804<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">213,746,647<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_CommonStockSharesOutstanding', window );">Common stock, shares outstanding</a></td>
<td class="nump">17,693,625<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">11,884,804<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">213,746,647<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
</table>
<div style="display: none;">
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_CommonStockParOrStatedValuePerShare">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Face amount or stated value per share of common stock.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02(29))<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6877327&amp;loc=d3e13212-122682<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_CommonStockParOrStatedValuePerShare</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>num:perShareItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_CommonStockSharesAuthorized">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The maximum number of common shares permitted to be issued by an entity's charter and bylaws.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02(29))<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6877327&amp;loc=d3e13212-122682<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_CommonStockSharesAuthorized</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:sharesItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_CommonStockSharesIssued">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Total number of common shares of an entity that have been sold or granted to shareholders (includes common shares that were issued, repurchased and remain in the treasury). These shares represent capital invested by the firm's shareholders and owners, and may be all or only a portion of the number of shares authorized. Shares issued include shares outstanding and shares held in the treasury.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02(29))<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6877327&amp;loc=d3e13212-122682<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_CommonStockSharesIssued</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:sharesItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_CommonStockSharesOutstanding">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Number of shares of common stock outstanding. Common stock represent the ownership interest in a corporation.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 505<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=109259400&amp;loc=d3e21463-112644<br><br>Reference 2: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02(29))<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6877327&amp;loc=d3e13212-122682<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_CommonStockSharesOutstanding</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:sharesItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_PreferredStockParOrStatedValuePerShare">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Face amount or stated value per share of preferred stock nonredeemable or redeemable solely at the option of the issuer.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02(28))<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6877327&amp;loc=d3e13212-122682<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_PreferredStockParOrStatedValuePerShare</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>num:perShareItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_PreferredStockSharesAuthorized">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The maximum number of nonredeemable preferred shares (or preferred stock redeemable solely at the option of the issuer) permitted to be issued by an entity's charter and bylaws.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02(28))<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6877327&amp;loc=d3e13212-122682<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_PreferredStockSharesAuthorized</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:sharesItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_PreferredStockSharesIssued">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Total number of nonredeemable preferred shares (or preferred stock redeemable solely at the option of the issuer) issued to shareholders (includes related preferred shares that were issued, repurchased, and remain in the treasury). May be all or portion of the number of preferred shares authorized. Excludes preferred shares that are classified as debt.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02(28))<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6877327&amp;loc=d3e13212-122682<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_PreferredStockSharesIssued</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:sharesItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_PreferredStockSharesOutstanding">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Aggregate share number for all nonredeemable preferred stock (or preferred stock redeemable solely at the option of the issuer) held by stockholders. Does not include preferred shares that have been repurchased.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02(28))<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6877327&amp;loc=d3e13212-122682<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_PreferredStockSharesOutstanding</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:sharesItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_StatementOfFinancialPositionAbstract">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- References</a><div><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_StatementOfFinancialPositionAbstract</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:stringItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
</div>
</body>
</html>
</TEXT>
</DOCUMENT>
<DOCUMENT>
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<head>
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<span style="display: none;">v3.19.2</span><table class="report" border="0" cellspacing="2" id="idp6804615536">
<tr>
<th class="tl" colspan="1" rowspan="2"><div style="width: 200px;"><strong>Consolidated Statements of Operations - USD ($)<br></strong></div></th>
<th class="th" colspan="2">3 Months Ended</th>
<th class="th" colspan="2">12 Months Ended</th>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="th"><div>Mar. 31, 2019</div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Mar. 31, 2018</div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Dec. 31, 2018</div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Dec. 31, 2017</div></th>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_IncomeStatementAbstract', window );"><strong>Income Statement [Abstract]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_Revenues', window );">Revenues</a></td>
<td class="nump">$ 212,242<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_CostOfRevenue', window );">Cost of revenues</a></td>
<td class="nump">1,499<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rou">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_GrossProfit', window );">Gross profit</a></td>
<td class="nump">210,743<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_OperatingExpensesAbstract', window );"><strong>Operating expenses</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_SellingGeneralAndAdministrativeExpense', window );">Selling, general and administrative expenses</a></td>
<td class="nump">510,803<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">420,462<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">695,148<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">811,685<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ResearchAndDevelopmentExpense', window );">Research and development expenses</a></td>
<td class="nump">421,956<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">248,111<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">669,668<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">3,171,665<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensation', window );">Stock based compensation</a></td>
<td class="nump">8,550<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">5,626<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">28,800<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">155,400<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="reu">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_OperatingExpenses', window );">Total operating expenses</a></td>
<td class="nump">941,309<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">674,199<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">1,393,616<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">4,138,750<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rou">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_OperatingIncomeLoss', window );">Loss from operations</a></td>
<td class="num">(730,566)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(674,199)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(1,393,616)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(4,138,750)<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_NonoperatingIncomeExpenseAbstract', window );"><strong>Other income (expense)</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_InvestmentIncomeInterest', window );">Interest income</a></td>
<td class="nump">189<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">1,150<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">93<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">180<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_InterestExpense', window );">Interest expense</a></td>
<td class="num">(129,886)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(106,854)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(155,930)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(103,460)<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_RentalIncomeNonoperating', window );">Rental income, net</a></td>
<td class="num">(3,891)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">3,066<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_GainLossOnInvestments', window );">Investment loss</a></td>
<td class="num">(66,205)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(38,567)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(549)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ForeignCurrencyTransactionGainLossBeforeTax', window );">Gain (loss) on foreign exchange changes</a></td>
<td class="num">(3)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">7,515<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_EquitySecuritiesFvNiRealizedGainLoss', window );">Gain (loss) on investment in equity securities</a></td>
<td class="num">(66,205)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(38,567)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(2,549,451)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_OtherNonoperatingExpense', window );">Other income (expense)</a></td>
<td class="num">(500)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(15)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="reu">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_NonoperatingIncomeExpense', window );">Total other income (expenses)</a></td>
<td class="num">(200,296)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(133,705)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(2,705,837)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(103,280)<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rou">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_IncomeLossFromContinuingOperationsBeforeIncomeTaxesExtraordinaryItemsNoncontrollingInterest', window );">Loss before provision for income tax (benefit)</a></td>
<td class="num">(930,862)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(807,904)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(4,099,453)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(4,242,030)<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_IncomeTaxExpenseBenefit', window );">Provision for income tax (benefit)</a></td>
<td class="num">(57,545)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(94,282)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">1,850<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">830<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rou">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_NetIncomeLoss', window );">Net loss</a></td>
<td class="num">(873,317)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(713,622)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(4,101,303)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(4,242,860)<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_IncomeLossFromContinuingOperationsAttributableToNoncontrollingEntity', window );">Net loss attributable to noncontrolling interests</a></td>
<td class="num">(81,646)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(112,235)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rou">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_abvcd_NetLossAttributableToAbvcAndSubsidiaries', window );">Net loss attributable to ABVC and subsidiaries</a></td>
<td class="num">(791,671)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(601,387)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_OtherComprehensiveIncomeLossForeignCurrencyTransactionAndTranslationAdjustmentNetOfTax', window );">Foreign currency translation adjustment</a></td>
<td class="num">(86,786)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">64,994<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rou">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ComprehensiveIncomeNetOfTax', window );">Comprehensive Income (Loss)</a></td>
<td class="num">$ (878,457)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">$ (536,393)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_EarningsPerShareBasicAndDilutedAbstract', window );"><strong>Net loss per share attributable to common stockholders</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_EarningsPerShareBasicAndDiluted', window );">Basic and diluted</a></td>
<td class="num">$ (0.05)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">$ (0.05)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">$ (0.02)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">$ (0.02)<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_EarningsPerShareBasicAndDilutedOtherDisclosuresAbstract', window );"><strong>Weighted average number of common shares outstanding</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_WeightedAverageNumberOfShareOutstandingBasicAndDiluted', window );">Basic and diluted</a></td>
<td class="nump">14,965,665<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">11,599,911<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">213,884,105<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">213,321,921<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
</table>
<div style="display: none;">
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_abvcd_NetLossAttributableToAbvcAndSubsidiaries">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Net loss attributable to ABVC and subsidiaries.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">abvcd_NetLossAttributableToAbvcAndSubsidiaries</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>abvcd_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_ComprehensiveIncomeNetOfTax">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount after tax of increase (decrease) in equity from transactions and other events and circumstances from net income and other comprehensive income, attributable to parent entity. Excludes changes in equity resulting from investments by owners and distributions to owners.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 220<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 5<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=118930883&amp;loc=d3e557-108580<br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 220<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 1B<br> -Subparagraph (b)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=118930883&amp;loc=SL7669625-108580<br><br>Reference 3: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 220<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 1A<br> -Subparagraph (c)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=118930883&amp;loc=SL7669619-108580<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_ComprehensiveIncomeNetOfTax</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
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<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
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</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_CostOfRevenue">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The aggregate cost of goods produced and sold and services rendered during the reporting period.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 220<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-03.2)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=116634182&amp;loc=SL114868664-224227<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_CostOfRevenue</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_EarningsPerShareBasicAndDiluted">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The amount of net income or loss for the period per each share in instances when basic and diluted earnings per share are the same amount and reported as a single line item on the face of the financial statements.  Basic earnings per share is the amount of net income or loss for the period per each share of common stock or unit outstanding during the reporting period.  Diluted earnings per share includes the amount of net income or loss for the period available to each share of common stock or common unit outstanding during the reporting period and to each share or unit that would have been outstanding assuming the issuance of common shares or units for all dilutive potential common shares or units outstanding during the reporting period.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/commonPracticeRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 260<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 7<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=117326831&amp;loc=d3e1337-109256<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_EarningsPerShareBasicAndDiluted</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>num:perShareItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
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</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_EarningsPerShareBasicAndDilutedAbstract">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- References</a><div><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_EarningsPerShareBasicAndDilutedAbstract</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
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<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:stringItemType</td>
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<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
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<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
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</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_EarningsPerShareBasicAndDilutedOtherDisclosuresAbstract">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- References</a><div><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_EarningsPerShareBasicAndDilutedOtherDisclosuresAbstract</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:stringItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_EquitySecuritiesFvNiRealizedGainLoss">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of realized gain (loss) from sale of investment in equity security measured at fair value with change in fair value recognized in net income (FV-NI).</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/commonPracticeRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 321<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 4<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=116654751&amp;loc=SL75117546-209714<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_EquitySecuritiesFvNiRealizedGainLoss</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_ForeignCurrencyTransactionGainLossBeforeTax">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount before tax of foreign currency transaction realized and unrealized gain (loss) recognized in the income statement.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 830<br> -SubTopic 20<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6450222&amp;loc=d3e30840-110895<br><br>Reference 2: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 830<br> -SubTopic 20<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=109240200&amp;loc=d3e30700-110894<br><br>Reference 3: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 830<br> -SubTopic 20<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=109240200&amp;loc=d3e30690-110894<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_ForeignCurrencyTransactionGainLossBeforeTax</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_GainLossOnInvestments">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of realized and unrealized gain (loss) on investment.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 320<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 10<br> -Subparagraph (c)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=118939692&amp;loc=d3e27405-111563<br><br>Reference 2: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 220<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-03.7(c),9(a))<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=116634182&amp;loc=SL114868664-224227<br><br>Reference 3: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/recommendedDisclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 230<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 28<br> -Subparagraph (b)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=118932676&amp;loc=d3e3602-108585<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_GainLossOnInvestments</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_GrossProfit">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Aggregate revenue less cost of goods and services sold or operating expenses directly attributable to the revenue generation activity.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 220<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-03.1,2)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=116634182&amp;loc=SL114868664-224227<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_GrossProfit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_IncomeLossFromContinuingOperationsAttributableToNoncontrollingEntity">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount after tax of income (loss) from continuing operations attributable to the noncontrolling interest.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 810<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 15<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=108774443&amp;loc=SL4568447-111683<br><br>Reference 2: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 810<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 19<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=108774443&amp;loc=SL4569616-111683<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_IncomeLossFromContinuingOperationsAttributableToNoncontrollingEntity</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_IncomeLossFromContinuingOperationsBeforeIncomeTaxesExtraordinaryItemsNoncontrollingInterest">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of income (loss) from continuing operations, including income (loss) from equity method investments, before deduction of income tax expense (benefit), and income (loss) attributable to noncontrolling interest.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 940<br> -SubTopic 20<br> -Section 25<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=68072869&amp;loc=d3e41242-110953<br><br>Reference 2: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 220<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-03(10))<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=116634182&amp;loc=SL114868664-224227<br><br>Reference 3: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 944<br> -SubTopic 220<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.7-04(8))<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=116637232&amp;loc=SL114874131-224263<br><br>Reference 4: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 250<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 11<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=109234566&amp;loc=d3e22694-107794<br><br>Reference 5: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 942<br> -SubTopic 220<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.9-04(15))<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=116637391&amp;loc=SL114874048-224260<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_IncomeLossFromContinuingOperationsBeforeIncomeTaxesExtraordinaryItemsNoncontrollingInterest</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_IncomeStatementAbstract">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- References</a><div><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_IncomeStatementAbstract</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:stringItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_IncomeTaxExpenseBenefit">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of current income tax expense (benefit) and deferred income tax expense (benefit) pertaining to continuing operations.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 280<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 22<br> -Subparagraph (h)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=115929826&amp;loc=d3e8736-108599<br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 235<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.4-08(h))<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=26873400&amp;loc=d3e23780-122690<br><br>Reference 3: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 740<br> -SubTopic 20<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -Subparagraph (a)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=109238882&amp;loc=d3e38679-109324<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_IncomeTaxExpenseBenefit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
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<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_InterestExpense">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of the cost of borrowed funds accounted for as interest expense.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 835<br> -SubTopic 20<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (a)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6450988&amp;loc=d3e26243-108391<br><br>Reference 2: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 835<br> -SubTopic 30<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 3<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=114775744&amp;loc=d3e28555-108399<br><br>Reference 3: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 280<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 22<br> -Subparagraph (d)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=115929826&amp;loc=d3e8736-108599<br><br>Reference 4: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 220<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -Subparagraph (210.5-03(11))<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=116634182&amp;loc=SL114868664-224227<br><br>Reference 5: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 942<br> -SubTopic 220<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.9-04.9)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=116637391&amp;loc=SL114874048-224260<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_InterestExpense</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_InvestmentIncomeInterest">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount before accretion (amortization) of purchase discount (premium) of interest income on nonoperating securities.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 220<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-03.7(b))<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=116634182&amp;loc=SL114868664-224227<br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 280<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 22<br> -Subparagraph (c)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=115929826&amp;loc=d3e8736-108599<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_InvestmentIncomeInterest</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_NetIncomeLoss">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The portion of profit or loss for the period, net of income taxes, which is attributable to the parent.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 220<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 1A<br> -Subparagraph (a)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=118930883&amp;loc=SL7669619-108580<br><br>Reference 2: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 942<br> -SubTopic 220<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.9-04(22))<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=116637391&amp;loc=SL114874048-224260<br><br>Reference 3: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 220<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 1B<br> -Subparagraph (a)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=118930883&amp;loc=SL7669625-108580<br><br>Reference 4: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 944<br> -SubTopic 220<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.7-04(18))<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=116637232&amp;loc=SL114874131-224263<br><br>Reference 5: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 220<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-03(20))<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=116634182&amp;loc=SL114868664-224227<br><br>Reference 6: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 230<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 28<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=118932676&amp;loc=d3e3602-108585<br><br>Reference 7: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 260<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6371337&amp;loc=d3e3550-109257<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_NetIncomeLoss</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_NonoperatingIncomeExpense">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The aggregate amount of income or expense from ancillary business-related activities (that is to say, excluding major activities considered part of the normal operations of the business).</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 220<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-03.7)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=116634182&amp;loc=SL114868664-224227<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_NonoperatingIncomeExpense</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_NonoperatingIncomeExpenseAbstract">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- References</a><div><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_NonoperatingIncomeExpenseAbstract</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:stringItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
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<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_OperatingExpenses">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Generally recurring costs associated with normal operations except for the portion of these expenses which can be clearly related to production and included in cost of sales or services. Includes selling, general and administrative expense.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_OperatingExpenses</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_OperatingExpensesAbstract">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- References</a><div><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_OperatingExpensesAbstract</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
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<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
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<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
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<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_OperatingIncomeLoss">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The net result for the period of deducting operating expenses from operating revenues.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_OperatingIncomeLoss</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_OtherComprehensiveIncomeLossForeignCurrencyTransactionAndTranslationAdjustmentNetOfTax">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount after tax and reclassification adjustments of gain (loss) on foreign currency translation adjustments, foreign currency transactions designated and effective as economic hedges of a net investment in a foreign entity and intra-entity foreign currency transactions that are of a long-term-investment nature.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 220<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 10A<br> -Subparagraph (a)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=118930883&amp;loc=SL7669646-108580<br><br>Reference 2: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 830<br> -SubTopic 30<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 20<br> -Subparagraph (b,c)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=118261656&amp;loc=d3e32211-110900<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_OtherComprehensiveIncomeLossForeignCurrencyTransactionAndTranslationAdjustmentNetOfTax</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
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</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_OtherNonoperatingExpense">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of expense related to nonoperating activities, classified as other.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 220<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-03.9)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=116634182&amp;loc=SL114868664-224227<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_OtherNonoperatingExpense</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_RentalIncomeNonoperating">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Income earned by providing the use of assets to an outside party in exchange for a payment or series of payments that is nonoperating in nature.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 220<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-03.7)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=116634182&amp;loc=SL114868664-224227<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_RentalIncomeNonoperating</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_ResearchAndDevelopmentExpense">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The aggregate costs incurred (1) in a planned search or critical investigation aimed at discovery of new knowledge with the hope that such knowledge will be useful in developing a new product or service, a new process or technique, or in bringing about a significant improvement to an existing product or process; or (2) to translate research findings or other knowledge into a plan or design for a new product or process or for a significant improvement to an existing product or process whether intended for sale or the entity's use, during the reporting period charged to research and development projects, including the costs of developing computer software up to the point in time of achieving technological feasibility, and costs allocated in accounting for a business combination to in-process projects deemed to have no alternative future use.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 985<br> -SubTopic 20<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6501960&amp;loc=d3e128462-111756<br><br>Reference 2: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 730<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6420194&amp;loc=d3e21568-108373<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_ResearchAndDevelopmentExpense</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_Revenues">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of revenue recognized from goods sold, services rendered, insurance premiums, or other activities that constitute an earning process. Includes, but is not limited to, investment and interest income before deduction of interest expense when recognized as a component of revenue, and sales and trading gain (loss).</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 280<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 22<br> -Subparagraph (a)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=115929826&amp;loc=d3e8736-108599<br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 280<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 32<br> -Subparagraph (a)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=115929826&amp;loc=d3e8933-108599<br><br>Reference 3: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 280<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 22<br> -Subparagraph (b)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=115929826&amp;loc=d3e8736-108599<br><br>Reference 4: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 220<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-03(1))<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=116634182&amp;loc=SL114868664-224227<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_Revenues</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
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<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
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<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
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<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
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<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_SellingGeneralAndAdministrativeExpense">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The aggregate total costs related to selling a firm's product and services, as well as all other general and administrative expenses. Direct selling expenses (for example, credit, warranty, and advertising) are expenses that can be directly linked to the sale of specific products. Indirect selling expenses are expenses that cannot be directly linked to the sale of specific products, for example telephone expenses, Internet, and postal charges. General and administrative expenses include salaries of non-sales personnel, rent, utilities, communication, etc.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 330<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 30<br> -Paragraph 8<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=68048583&amp;loc=d3e3636-108311<br><br>Reference 2: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 220<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-03.4)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=116634182&amp;loc=SL114868664-224227<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_SellingGeneralAndAdministrativeExpense</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensation">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of noncash expense for share-based payment arrangement.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 230<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 28<br> -Subparagraph (a)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=118932676&amp;loc=d3e3602-108585<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensation</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
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<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
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<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_WeightedAverageNumberOfShareOutstandingBasicAndDiluted">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Average number of shares or units issued and outstanding that are used in calculating basic and diluted earnings per share (EPS).</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_WeightedAverageNumberOfShareOutstandingBasicAndDiluted</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:sharesItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
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<span style="display: none;">v3.19.2</span><table class="report" border="0" cellspacing="2" id="idp6796639936">
<tr>
<th class="tl" colspan="1" rowspan="2"><div style="width: 200px;"><strong>Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows - USD ($)<br></strong></div></th>
<th class="th" colspan="2">3 Months Ended</th>
<th class="th" colspan="2">12 Months Ended</th>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="th"><div>Mar. 31, 2019</div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Mar. 31, 2018</div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Dec. 31, 2018</div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Dec. 31, 2017</div></th>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_NetCashProvidedByUsedInOperatingActivitiesAbstract', window );"><strong>Cash flows from operating activities</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_NetIncomeLoss', window );">Net loss</a></td>
<td class="num">$ (873,317)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">$ (713,622)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">$ (4,101,303)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">$ (4,242,860)<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_AdjustmentsToReconcileNetIncomeLossToCashProvidedByUsedInOperatingActivitiesAbstract', window );"><strong>Adjustments to reconcile net loss to net cash used in operating activities:</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_Depreciation', window );">Depreciation</a></td>
<td class="nump">13,940<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">11,420<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensation', window );">Stock-based compensation</a></td>
<td class="nump">8,550<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">5,626<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">28,800<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">155,400<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_abvcd_OtherNoncashIncomeAndExpenses', window );">Other non-cash income and expenses</a></td>
<td class="num">(553)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_InventoryWriteDown', window );">Investment loss</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">549<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_LossOnSaleOfInvestments', window );">Loss on investment in equity securities</a></td>
<td class="nump">66,205<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">38,567<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">2,549,451<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_DeferredIncomeTaxExpenseBenefit', window );">Deferred tax</a></td>
<td class="num">(48,028)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(96,132)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseInOperatingCapitalAbstract', window );"><strong>Changes in assets and liabilities:</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseInAccountsReceivable', window );">Decrease (increase) in accounts receivable</a></td>
<td class="num">(116,334)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">2,835<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseInAccountsReceivableAndOtherOperatingAssets', window );">Decrease (increase) in prepaid expenses and deposits</a></td>
<td class="nump">29,237<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(5,642)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(136)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseInAccountsAndOtherReceivables', window );">Decrease (increase) in other receivable</a></td>
<td class="nump">39,005<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseDueFromOtherRelatedParties', window );">Decrease (increase) in due from related parties</a></td>
<td class="nump">1,252<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">19,594<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(40,000)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseInInventories', window );">Decrease (increase) in inventory</a></td>
<td class="nump">797<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">584<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseInAccountsPayable', window );">Increase (decrease) in accounts payable</a></td>
<td class="num">(37,353)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseInOtherCurrentLiabilities', window );">Increase (decrease) in accrued expenses and other current liabilities</a></td>
<td class="nump">305,214<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">137,288<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">491,989<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">132,827<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseInDueToRelatedParties', window );">Increase (decrease) in due to related parties</a></td>
<td class="nump">11,857<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">73,972<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">440,455<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">2,469,320<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="reu">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_NetCashProvidedByUsedInOperatingActivities', window );">Net cash used in operating activities</a></td>
<td class="num">(599,528)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(525,510)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(630,195)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(1,485,313)<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_NetCashProvidedByUsedInInvestingActivitiesAbstract', window );"><strong>Cash flows from investing activities</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_PaymentsToAcquireInvestments', window );">Long-term equity investment</a></td>
<td class="num">(17,801)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rou">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_NetCashProvidedByUsedInInvestingActivities', window );">Net cash used in investing activities</a></td>
<td class="num">(17,801)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_NetCashProvidedByUsedInFinancingActivitiesAbstract', window );"><strong>Cash flows from financing activities</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ProceedsFromIssuanceOfCommonStock', window );">Issuance of common stock for acquisition</a></td>
<td class="nump">531,147<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ProceedsFromBankDebt', window );">Net proceeds from short-term bank loan</a></td>
<td class="nump">1,000,000<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ProceedsFromOtherShortTermDebt', window );">Net proceeds from short-term borrowing from third-parties</a></td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">312,824<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_abvcd_CapitalContributionFromRelatedPartiesUnderCommonControl', window );">Capital contribution from related parties under common control</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">450,000<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ProceedsFromConvertibleDebt', window );">Proceeds from convertible notes</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">800,000<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ProceedsFromRelatedPartyDebt', window );">Borrowings from related parties</a></td>
<td class="nump">312,660<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">50,000<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">50,000<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">1,110,000<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_RepaymentsOfRelatedPartyDebt', window );">Repayment of borrowings from related parties</a></td>
<td class="num">(460,000)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(13,087)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(257,000)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_RepaymentsOfBankDebt', window );">Repayment of bank loans</a></td>
<td class="num">(10,016)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rou">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_NetCashProvidedByUsedInFinancingActivities', window );">Net cash provided by financing activities</a></td>
<td class="nump">1,373,791<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">349,737<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">593,000<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">1,560,000<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_EffectOfExchangeRateOnCashAndCashEquivalents', window );">Effect of exchange rate changes on cash and cash equivalents</a></td>
<td class="num">(1,809)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(40)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rou">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_CashAndCashEquivalentsPeriodIncreaseDecrease', window );">Net increase (decrease) in cash, cash equivalents, and restricted cash equivalents</a></td>
<td class="nump">754,653<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(175,813)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(37,195)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">74,687<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_CashAndCashEquivalentsAbstract', window );"><strong>Cash, cash equivalents, and restricted cash equivalents</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_CashAndCashEquivalentsAtCarryingValue', window );">Beginning</a></td>
<td class="nump">226,688<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">93,332<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">93,332<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">18,645<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_CashAndCashEquivalentsAtCarryingValue', window );">Ending</a></td>
<td class="nump">981,341<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">174,444<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">226,688<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">93,332<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_abvcd_CashPaidDuringYearForAbstract', window );"><strong>Cash paid during the year for:</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_IncomeTaxesPaidNet', window );">Income tax</a></td>
<td class="nump">1,250<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">1,850<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">1,850<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">830<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_InterestPaidNet', window );">Interest expense</a></td>
<td class="nump">$ 26,592<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 66,914<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">127,056<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">86,000<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_CashFlowNoncashInvestingAndFinancingActivitiesDisclosureAbstract', window );"><strong>Non-cash financing and investing activities</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_abvcd_CommonSharesIssuedForEmployeesAndConsultants', window );">Common shares issued for employees and consultants</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">80,000<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_abvcd_CommonSharesIssuedForDueToRelatedParties', window );">Common shares issued for due to related parties</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">5,850,000<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_abvcd_CapitalContributionFromRelatedPartiesUnderCommonControls', window );">Capital contribution from related parties under common control</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 2,550,000<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
</table>
<div style="display: none;">
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_abvcd_CapitalContributionFromRelatedPartiesUnderCommonControl">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Capital contribution from related parties under common control.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">abvcd_CapitalContributionFromRelatedPartiesUnderCommonControl</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>abvcd_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_abvcd_CapitalContributionFromRelatedPartiesUnderCommonControls">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- References</a><div><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">abvcd_CapitalContributionFromRelatedPartiesUnderCommonControls</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>abvcd_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_abvcd_CashPaidDuringYearForAbstract">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- References</a><div><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">abvcd_CashPaidDuringYearForAbstract</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>abvcd_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:stringItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_abvcd_CommonSharesIssuedForDueToRelatedParties">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of common shares issued for due to related parties for the reporting period.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">abvcd_CommonSharesIssuedForDueToRelatedParties</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>abvcd_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_abvcd_CommonSharesIssuedForEmployeesAndConsultants">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- References</a><div><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">abvcd_CommonSharesIssuedForEmployeesAndConsultants</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>abvcd_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_abvcd_OtherNoncashIncomeAndExpenses">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Other non-cash income and expenses.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">abvcd_OtherNoncashIncomeAndExpenses</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>abvcd_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_AdjustmentsToReconcileNetIncomeLossToCashProvidedByUsedInOperatingActivitiesAbstract">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- References</a><div><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_AdjustmentsToReconcileNetIncomeLossToCashProvidedByUsedInOperatingActivitiesAbstract</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:stringItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_CashAndCashEquivalentsAbstract">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- References</a><div><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_CashAndCashEquivalentsAbstract</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:stringItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_CashAndCashEquivalentsAtCarryingValue">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of currency on hand as well as demand deposits with banks or financial institutions. Includes other kinds of accounts that have the general characteristics of demand deposits. Also includes short-term, highly liquid investments that are both readily convertible to known amounts of cash and so near their maturity that they present insignificant risk of changes in value because of changes in interest rates. Excludes cash and cash equivalents within disposal group and discontinued operation.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 230<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 4<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=118932676&amp;loc=d3e3044-108585<br><br>Reference 2: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (a)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=118951113&amp;loc=d3e6676-107765<br><br>Reference 3: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02.1)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6877327&amp;loc=d3e13212-122682<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_CashAndCashEquivalentsAtCarryingValue</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
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</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_CashAndCashEquivalentsPeriodIncreaseDecrease">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of increase (decrease) in cash and cash equivalents. Cash and cash equivalents are the amount of currency on hand as well as demand deposits with banks or financial institutions. Includes other kinds of accounts that have the general characteristics of demand deposits. Also includes short-term, highly liquid investments that are both readily convertible to known amounts of cash and so near their maturity that they present insignificant risk of changes in value because of changes in interest rates. Includes effect from exchange rate changes.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_CashAndCashEquivalentsPeriodIncreaseDecrease</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_CashFlowNoncashInvestingAndFinancingActivitiesDisclosureAbstract">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- References</a><div><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_CashFlowNoncashInvestingAndFinancingActivitiesDisclosureAbstract</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:stringItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_DeferredIncomeTaxExpenseBenefit">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of deferred income tax expense (benefit) pertaining to income (loss) from continuing operations.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 740<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SAB Topic 6.I.7)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=116825942&amp;loc=d3e330036-122817<br><br>Reference 2: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 235<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.4-08(h))<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=26873400&amp;loc=d3e23780-122690<br><br>Reference 3: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 230<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 28<br> -Subparagraph (b)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=118932676&amp;loc=d3e3602-108585<br><br>Reference 4: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 740<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 9<br> -Subparagraph (b)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=84230637&amp;loc=d3e32639-109319<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_DeferredIncomeTaxExpenseBenefit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_Depreciation">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The amount of expense recognized in the current period that reflects the allocation of the cost of tangible assets over the assets' useful lives. Includes production and non-production related depreciation.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 360<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (a)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6391035&amp;loc=d3e2868-110229<br><br>Reference 2: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 230<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 28<br> -Subparagraph (b)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=118932676&amp;loc=d3e3602-108585<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_Depreciation</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_EffectOfExchangeRateOnCashAndCashEquivalents">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of increase (decrease) from the effect of exchange rate changes on cash and cash equivalent balances held in foreign currencies.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 830<br> -SubTopic 230<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=98513438&amp;loc=d3e33268-110906<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_EffectOfExchangeRateOnCashAndCashEquivalents</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_IncomeTaxesPaidNet">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The amount of cash paid during the current period to foreign, federal, state, and local authorities as taxes on income, net of any cash received during the current period as refunds for the overpayment of taxes.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 230<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=98513485&amp;loc=d3e4297-108586<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_IncomeTaxesPaidNet</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseDueFromOtherRelatedParties">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of increase (decrease) in receivables due from related parties classified as other.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 230<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 28<br> -Subparagraph (a)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=118932676&amp;loc=d3e3602-108585<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseDueFromOtherRelatedParties</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseInAccountsAndOtherReceivables">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The increase (decrease) during the reporting period in the amount due from customers for the credit sale of goods and services; includes accounts receivable and other types of receivables.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 230<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 28<br> -Subparagraph (a)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=118932676&amp;loc=d3e3602-108585<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseInAccountsAndOtherReceivables</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseInAccountsPayable">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The increase (decrease) during the reporting period in the aggregate amount of liabilities incurred (and for which invoices have typically been received) and payable to vendors for goods and services received that are used in an entity's business.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 230<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 28<br> -Subparagraph (a)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=118932676&amp;loc=d3e3602-108585<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseInAccountsPayable</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseInAccountsReceivable">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The increase (decrease) during the reporting period in amount due within one year (or one business cycle) from customers for the credit sale of goods and services.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 230<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 28<br> -Subparagraph (a)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=118932676&amp;loc=d3e3602-108585<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseInAccountsReceivable</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseInAccountsReceivableAndOtherOperatingAssets">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of increase (decrease) in receivables, and operating assets classified as other.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/commonPracticeRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 230<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 28<br> -Subparagraph (a)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=118932676&amp;loc=d3e3602-108585<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseInAccountsReceivableAndOtherOperatingAssets</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseInDueToRelatedParties">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The increase (decrease) during the reporting period in the aggregate amount of obligations to be paid to the following types of related parties: a parent company and its subsidiaries; subsidiaries of a common parent; an entity and trust for the benefit of employees, such as pension and profit-sharing trusts that are managed by or under the trusteeship of the entities' management; an entity and its principal owners, management, or member of their immediate families; affiliates; or other parties with the ability to exert significant influence.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 230<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 28<br> -Subparagraph (a)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=118932676&amp;loc=d3e3602-108585<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseInDueToRelatedParties</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
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<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
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<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
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</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
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</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseInInventories">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The increase (decrease) during the reporting period in the aggregate value of all inventory held by the reporting entity, associated with underlying transactions that are classified as operating activities.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 230<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 28<br> -Subparagraph (a)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=118932676&amp;loc=d3e3602-108585<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseInInventories</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
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<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
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<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
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<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
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</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
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<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- References</a><div><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseInOperatingCapitalAbstract</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
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<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:stringItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
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<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseInOtherCurrentLiabilities">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of increase (decrease) in current liabilities classified as other.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/commonPracticeRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 230<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 28<br> -Subparagraph (a)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=118932676&amp;loc=d3e3602-108585<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseInOtherCurrentLiabilities</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_InterestPaidNet">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of cash paid for interest, excluding capitalized interest, classified as operating activity. Includes, but is not limited to, payment to settle zero-coupon bond for accreted interest of debt discount and debt instrument with insignificant coupon interest rate in relation to effective interest rate of borrowing attributable to accreted interest of debt discount.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 230<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=98513485&amp;loc=d3e4297-108586<br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 230<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 17<br> -Subparagraph (d)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=118932676&amp;loc=d3e3367-108585<br><br>Reference 3: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 230<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 25<br> -Subparagraph (e)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=118932676&amp;loc=d3e3536-108585<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_InterestPaidNet</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_InventoryWriteDown">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of loss from reductions in inventory due to subsequent measurement adjustments, including, but not limited to, physical deterioration, obsolescence, or changes in price levels.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 330<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=116847112&amp;loc=d3e4542-108314<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_InventoryWriteDown</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_LossOnSaleOfInvestments">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The difference between the carrying value and the sale price of an investment.  A loss would be recognized when the sale price of the investment is less than the carrying value of the investment. This element refers to the Loss included in earnings and not to the cash proceeds of the sale.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/commonPracticeRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 220<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-03(b)(9)(a))<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=116634182&amp;loc=SL114868664-224227<br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/commonPracticeRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 944<br> -SubTopic 220<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.7-04(3)(a))<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=116637232&amp;loc=SL114874131-224263<br><br>Reference 3: http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/commonPracticeRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 230<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 28<br> -Subparagraph (b)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=118932676&amp;loc=d3e3602-108585<br><br>Reference 4: http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/commonPracticeRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 942<br> -SubTopic 220<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.9-04(13))<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=116637391&amp;loc=SL114874048-224260<br><br>Reference 5: http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/commonPracticeRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 220<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-03(b)(7)(c))<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=116634182&amp;loc=SL114868664-224227<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_LossOnSaleOfInvestments</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
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</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_NetCashProvidedByUsedInFinancingActivities">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of cash inflow (outflow) from financing activities, including discontinued operations. Financing activity cash flows include obtaining resources from owners and providing them with a return on, and a return of, their investment; borrowing money and repaying amounts borrowed, or settling the obligation; and obtaining and paying for other resources obtained from creditors on long-term credit.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 230<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 24<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=118932676&amp;loc=d3e3521-108585<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_NetCashProvidedByUsedInFinancingActivities</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_NetCashProvidedByUsedInFinancingActivitiesAbstract">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- References</a><div><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_NetCashProvidedByUsedInFinancingActivitiesAbstract</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
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<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
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<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
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<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
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</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_NetCashProvidedByUsedInInvestingActivities">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of cash inflow (outflow) from investing activities, including discontinued operations. Investing activity cash flows include making and collecting loans and acquiring and disposing of debt or equity instruments and property, plant, and equipment and other productive assets.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 230<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 24<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=118932676&amp;loc=d3e3521-108585<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_NetCashProvidedByUsedInInvestingActivities</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_NetCashProvidedByUsedInInvestingActivitiesAbstract">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- References</a><div><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_NetCashProvidedByUsedInInvestingActivitiesAbstract</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
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<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
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<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
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</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_NetCashProvidedByUsedInOperatingActivities">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of cash inflow (outflow) from operating activities, including discontinued operations. Operating activity cash flows include transactions, adjustments, and changes in value not defined as investing or financing activities.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 230<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 25<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=118932676&amp;loc=d3e3536-108585<br><br>Reference 2: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 230<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 24<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=118932676&amp;loc=d3e3521-108585<br><br>Reference 3: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 230<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 28<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=118932676&amp;loc=d3e3602-108585<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_NetCashProvidedByUsedInOperatingActivities</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
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<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
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<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
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<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- References</a><div><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
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<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The portion of profit or loss for the period, net of income taxes, which is attributable to the parent.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 220<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 1A<br> -Subparagraph (a)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=118930883&amp;loc=SL7669619-108580<br><br>Reference 2: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 942<br> -SubTopic 220<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.9-04(22))<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=116637391&amp;loc=SL114874048-224260<br><br>Reference 3: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 220<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 1B<br> -Subparagraph (a)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=118930883&amp;loc=SL7669625-108580<br><br>Reference 4: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 944<br> -SubTopic 220<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.7-04(18))<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=116637232&amp;loc=SL114874131-224263<br><br>Reference 5: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 220<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-03(20))<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=116634182&amp;loc=SL114868664-224227<br><br>Reference 6: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 230<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 28<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=118932676&amp;loc=d3e3602-108585<br><br>Reference 7: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 260<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6371337&amp;loc=d3e3550-109257<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_NetIncomeLoss</td>
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<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_PaymentsToAcquireInvestments">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The cash outflow associated with the purchase of all investments (debt, security, other) during the period.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 230<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 13<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=118932676&amp;loc=d3e3213-108585<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_PaymentsToAcquireInvestments</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
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<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
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<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
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<td>duration</td>
</tr>
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<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_ProceedsFromBankDebt">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The cash inflow from bank borrowing during the year.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 230<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 14<br> -Subparagraph (b)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=118932676&amp;loc=d3e3255-108585<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_ProceedsFromBankDebt</td>
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<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The cash inflow from the issuance of a long-term debt instrument which can be exchanged for a specified amount of another security, typically the entity's common stock, at the option of the issuer or the holder.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 230<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 14<br> -Subparagraph (b)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=118932676&amp;loc=d3e3255-108585<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_ProceedsFromConvertibleDebt</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
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<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_ProceedsFromIssuanceOfCommonStock">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The cash inflow from the additional capital contribution to the entity.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 230<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 14<br> -Subparagraph (a)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=118932676&amp;loc=d3e3255-108585<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_ProceedsFromIssuanceOfCommonStock</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
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<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_ProceedsFromOtherShortTermDebt">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of cash inflow from short-term debt classified as other.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 230<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 14<br> -Subparagraph (b)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=118932676&amp;loc=d3e3255-108585<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_ProceedsFromOtherShortTermDebt</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
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<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
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<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
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<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
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<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_ProceedsFromRelatedPartyDebt">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The cash inflow from a long-term borrowing made from related parties where one party can exercise control or significant influence over another party; including affiliates, owners or officers and their immediate families, pension trusts, and so forth. Alternate caption: Proceeds from Advances from Affiliates.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 230<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 14<br> -Subparagraph (b)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=118932676&amp;loc=d3e3255-108585<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_ProceedsFromRelatedPartyDebt</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
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<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
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<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
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<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
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<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_RepaymentsOfBankDebt">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The cash outflow to settle a bank borrowing during the year.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 230<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 15<br> -Subparagraph (b)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=118932676&amp;loc=d3e3291-108585<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_RepaymentsOfBankDebt</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
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<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
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<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
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<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
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<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_RepaymentsOfRelatedPartyDebt">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The cash outflow for the payment of a long-term borrowing made from a related party where one party can exercise control or significant influence over another party; including affiliates, owners or officers and their immediate families, pension trusts, and so forth. Alternate caption: Payments for Advances from Affiliates.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 230<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 15<br> -Subparagraph (b)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=118932676&amp;loc=d3e3291-108585<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_RepaymentsOfRelatedPartyDebt</td>
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<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
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<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
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<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
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<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensation">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of noncash expense for share-based payment arrangement.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 230<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 28<br> -Subparagraph (a)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=118932676&amp;loc=d3e3602-108585<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensation</td>
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<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
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<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
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<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
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<td>duration</td>
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<span style="display: none;">v3.19.2</span><table class="report" border="0" cellspacing="2" id="idp6796300288">
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<th class="tl" colspan="1" rowspan="1"><div style="width: 200px;"><strong>Consolidated Statements of Changes in Equity - USD ($)<br></strong></div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Common Stock</div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Additional Paid-in Capital</div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Accumulated Deficit</div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Comprehensive Income</div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Treasury Stock</div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Noncontrolling Interest</div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Total</div></th>
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<td class="nump">$ 210,822<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 4,803,461<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 11,533,738<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
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<td class="num">$ (6,519,455)<span></span>
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</tr>
<tr class="rc">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_SharesOutstanding', window );">Balance, Shares at Dec. 31, 2016</a></td>
<td class="nump">210,821,647<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_StockIssuedDuringPeriodValueNewIssues', window );">Issuance of common shares</a></td>
<td class="nump">$ 2,925<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">5,847,075<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">5,850,000<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_StockIssuedDuringPeriodSharesNewIssues', window );">Issuance of common shares, Shares</a></td>
<td class="nump">2,925,000<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_StockIssuedDuringPeriodValueShareBasedCompensation', window );">Stock based compensation</a></td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">85,400<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">85,400<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_abvcd_StockIssuedDuringPeriodCapitalContributionFromRelatedPartiesUnderCommonControl', window );">Capital contribution from related parties under common control</a></td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">3,070,000<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">3,070,000<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_NetIncomeLoss', window );">Net loss for the period</a></td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(4,242,860)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(4,242,860)<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rc">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_StockholdersEquityIncludingPortionAttributableToNoncontrollingInterest', window );">Balance at Dec. 31, 2017</a></td>
<td class="nump">$ 11,875<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">14,874,924<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(6,634,067)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 743,763<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">$ (9,100,000)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 806,761<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rc">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_SharesOutstanding', window );">Balance, Shares at Dec. 31, 2017</a></td>
<td class="nump">11,874,814<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_StockIssuedDuringPeriodValueNewIssues', window );">Issuance of common shares</a></td>
<td class="nump">$ 10<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">79,990<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">80,000<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_StockIssuedDuringPeriodSharesNewIssues', window );">Issuance of common shares, Shares</a></td>
<td class="nump">9,990<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_StockIssuedDuringPeriodValueShareBasedCompensation', window );">Stock based compensation</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">5,626<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">5,626<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_NetIncomeLoss', window );">Net loss for the period</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(601,387)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(112,235)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(713,622)<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_abvcd_CumulativeTransactionAdjustments', window );">Cumulative transaction adjustments</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">64,994<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">64,994<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rc">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_StockholdersEquityIncludingPortionAttributableToNoncontrollingInterest', window );">Balance at Mar. 31, 2018</a></td>
<td class="nump">$ 11,885<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">14,960,540<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(7,235,454)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">808,757<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(9,100,000)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">694,526<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">140,254<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rc">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_SharesOutstanding', window );">Balance, Shares at Mar. 31, 2018</a></td>
<td class="nump">11,884,804<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rc">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_StockholdersEquityIncludingPortionAttributableToNoncontrollingInterest', window );">Balance at Dec. 31, 2017</a></td>
<td class="nump">$ 11,875<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">14,874,924<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(6,634,067)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">743,763<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(9,100,000)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">806,761<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rc">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_SharesOutstanding', window );">Balance, Shares at Dec. 31, 2017</a></td>
<td class="nump">11,874,814<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_StockIssuedDuringPeriodValueNewIssues', window );">Issuance of common shares</a></td>
<td class="nump">$ 180<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">79,820<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">80,000<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_StockIssuedDuringPeriodSharesNewIssues', window );">Issuance of common shares, Shares</a></td>
<td class="nump">179,828<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_StockIssuedDuringPeriodValueShareBasedCompensation', window );">Stock based compensation</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">28,800<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">28,800<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_NetIncomeLoss', window );">Net loss for the period</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(4,101,303)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(4,101,303)<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rc">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_StockholdersEquityIncludingPortionAttributableToNoncontrollingInterest', window );">Balance at Dec. 31, 2018</a></td>
<td class="nump">$ 11,885<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">14,983,714<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(12,209,446)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">655,851<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(9,100,000)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">317,610<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(5,340,386)<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rc">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_SharesOutstanding', window );">Balance, Shares at Dec. 31, 2018</a></td>
<td class="nump">11,884,804<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_StockIssuedDuringPeriodValueNewIssues', window );">Issuance of common shares</a></td>
<td class="nump">$ 1,642<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">692,577<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">694,219<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_StockIssuedDuringPeriodSharesNewIssues', window );">Issuance of common shares, Shares</a></td>
<td class="nump">1,642,291<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_RestructuringReserveAccrualAdjustment1', window );">Effects from restructuring</a></td>
<td class="nump">$ 4,167<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(4,167)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_abvcd_RestructuringReserveAccrualAdjustment1Shares', window );">Effects from restructuring, Shares</a></td>
<td class="nump">4,166,530<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_StockIssuedDuringPeriodValueShareBasedCompensation', window );">Stock based compensation</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">8,550<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">8,550<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_NetIncomeLoss', window );">Net loss for the period</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(791,671)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(81,646)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(873,317)<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_abvcd_CumulativeTransactionAdjustments', window );">Cumulative transaction adjustments</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(15,412)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(15,412)<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rc">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_StockholdersEquityIncludingPortionAttributableToNoncontrollingInterest', window );">Balance at Mar. 31, 2019</a></td>
<td class="nump">$ 17,694<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 15,680,674<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">$ (13,001,117)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 640,439<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">$ (9,100,000)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 235,964<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">$ (5,526,346)<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rc">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_SharesOutstanding', window );">Balance, Shares at Mar. 31, 2019</a></td>
<td class="nump">17,693,625<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
</table>
<div style="display: none;">
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_abvcd_CumulativeTransactionAdjustments">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Cumulative transaction adjustments.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">abvcd_CumulativeTransactionAdjustments</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>abvcd_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
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<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Effects from restructuring, shares.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
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<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- References</a><div><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
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<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The portion of profit or loss for the period, net of income taxes, which is attributable to the parent.</p></div>
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<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_NetIncomeLoss</td>
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<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of expense (reversal of expense) which increases (decreases) the restructuring reserve from an adjustment to a previously accrued restructuring liability.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 420<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (b)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6394359&amp;loc=d3e17939-110869<br><br>Reference 2: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 420<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -Subparagraph (SAB TOPIC 5.P.4(b)(2))<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=115931487&amp;loc=d3e140904-122747<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_RestructuringReserveAccrualAdjustment1</td>
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<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Number of shares issued which are neither cancelled nor held in the treasury.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_SharesOutstanding</td>
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<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Number of new stock issued during the period.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02(29))<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6877327&amp;loc=d3e13212-122682<br><br>Reference 2: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 505<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=109259400&amp;loc=d3e21463-112644<br><br>Reference 3: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 505<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.3-04)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=27012166&amp;loc=d3e187085-122770<br><br>Reference 4: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02(28))<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6877327&amp;loc=d3e13212-122682<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_StockIssuedDuringPeriodSharesNewIssues</td>
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<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
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<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
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<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
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<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_StockIssuedDuringPeriodValueNewIssues">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Equity impact of the value of new stock issued during the period. Includes shares issued in an initial public offering or a secondary public offering.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 505<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.3-04)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=27012166&amp;loc=d3e187085-122770<br><br>Reference 2: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 505<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=109259400&amp;loc=d3e21463-112644<br><br>Reference 3: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02(29))<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6877327&amp;loc=d3e13212-122682<br><br>Reference 4: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02(28))<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6877327&amp;loc=d3e13212-122682<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_StockIssuedDuringPeriodValueNewIssues</td>
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<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
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<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
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<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
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<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Value, after forfeiture, of shares issued under share-based payment arrangement. Excludes employee stock ownership plan (ESOP).</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 505<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.3-04)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=27012166&amp;loc=d3e187085-122770<br><br>Reference 2: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 718<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (c)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=116856206&amp;loc=d3e5047-113901<br><br>Reference 3: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02(28))<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6877327&amp;loc=d3e13212-122682<br><br>Reference 4: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02(29))<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6877327&amp;loc=d3e13212-122682<br><br>Reference 5: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 718<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -Subparagraph (d)(1)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=116856206&amp;loc=d3e5070-113901<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_StockIssuedDuringPeriodValueShareBasedCompensation</td>
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<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
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<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
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<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of stockholders' equity (deficit), net of receivables from officers, directors, owners, and affiliates of the entity, attributable to both the parent and noncontrolling interests. Amount excludes temporary equity. Alternate caption for the concept is permanent equity.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 810<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 16<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=108774443&amp;loc=SL4568740-111683<br><br>Reference 2: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 810<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 55<br> -Paragraph 4I<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=116874947&amp;loc=SL4590271-111686<br><br>Reference 3: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 810<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 15<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=108774443&amp;loc=SL4568447-111683<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
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<span style="display: none;">v3.19.2</span><table class="report" border="0" cellspacing="2" id="idp6783593792">
<tr>
<th class="tl" colspan="1" rowspan="2"><div style="width: 200px;"><strong>Organization and Description of Business<br></strong></div></th>
<th class="th" colspan="1">3 Months Ended</th>
<th class="th" colspan="1">12 Months Ended</th>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="th"><div>Mar. 31, 2019</div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Dec. 31, 2018</div></th>
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</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_OrganizationConsolidationAndPresentationOfFinancialStatementsDisclosureTextBlock', window );">ORGANIZATION AND DESCRIPTION OF BUSINESS</a></td>
<td class="text"><p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><b>1.
ORGANIZATION AND DESCRIPTION OF BUSINESS</b></font></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</font></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">American
BriVision (Holding) Corporation (the "Company" or "Holding entity"), a Nevada corporation, through the
Company's operating entity, American BriVision Corporation (the "BriVision"), which was incorporated in July
2015 in the State of Delaware, engages in biotechnology and focuses on the development of new drugs and innovative medical devices
to fulfill unmet medical needs. The business model of the Company is to integrate research achievements from world-famous institutions
(such as Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center ("MSKCC") and MD Anderson Cancer Center), conduct clinical trials
of translational medicine for Proof of Concept ("POC"), out-license to international pharmaceutical companies, and
exploit global markets. BriVision had to predecessor operations prior to its formation on July 21, 2015.</font></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</font></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><u>Reverse
Merger</u></font></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</font></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">On
February 8, 2016, a Share Exchange Agreement (the "Share Exchange Agreement") was entered into by and among American
BriVision (Holding) Corporation, American BriVision Corporation&#160;("BriVision"), and Euro-Asia Investment &#38;
Finance Corp. Limited, a company incorporated under the laws of Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of the People's
Republic of China ("Euro-Asia"), being the owners of record of 164,387,376 (52,336,000 pre-stock split) shares of
Common Stock of the Company, and the owners of record of all of the issued share capital of BriVision (the&#160;"BriVision
Stock").</font></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</font></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Pursuant
to the Share Exchange Agreement, upon surrender by the BriVision Shareholders and the cancellation by BriVision of the certificates
evidencing the BriVision Stock as registered in the name of each BriVision Shareholder, and pursuant to the registration of the
Company in the register of members maintained by BriVision as the new holder of the BriVision Stock and the issuance of the certificates
evidencing the aforementioned registration of the BriVision Stock in the name of the Company, the Company issued 166,273,921(52,936,583
pre-stock split) shares (the&#160;"Acquisition Stock") (subject to adjustment for fractionalized shares as set forth
below) of the Company's Common Stock to the BriVision Shareholders (or their designees), and 163,159,952 (51,945,225 pre-stock
split) shares of the Company's Common Stock owned by Euro-Asia were cancelled and retired to treasury. The Acquisition Stock
collectively represented 79.70% of the issued and outstanding Common Stock of the Company immediately after the Closing, in exchange
for the BriVision Stock, representing 100% of the issued share capital of BriVision in a reverse merger (the "Merger").</font></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</font></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Pursuant
to the Merger, all of the issued and outstanding common shares of BriVision were converted, at an exchange ratio of 0.2536-for-1,
into an aggregate of 166,273,921(52,936,583pre-stock split) common shares of the Company and BriVision had become a wholly owned
subsidiary of the Company. The holders of Company's Common Stock as of immediately prior to the Merger held an aggregate
of 205,519,223(65,431,144 pre-stock split) shares of Company's Common Stock.&#160;Because of the exchange of the BriVision
Stock for the Acquisition Stock (the&#160;"Share Exchange"), BriVision had become a wholly owned subsidiary (the "Subsidiary")
of the Company and there was a change of control of the Company following the closing. There were no warrants, options or other
equity instruments issued in connection with the share exchange agreement.</font></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</font></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Upon
the consummation of the Share Exchange,&#160;BriVision&#160;became our wholly owned subsidiary of the Company.</font></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</font></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Following
the Share Exchange, we have abandoned our prior business plan and we are now pursuing&#160;BriVision's&#160;historically
proposed businesses, which focus on the development of new drugs and innovative medical devices to fulfill unmet medical needs.
The business model of the Company is to integrate research achievements from world-famous institutions, conduct clinical trials
of translational medicine for Proof of Concept ("POC"), out-license to international pharmaceutical companies, and
explore global markets.</font></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 40.2pt"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;&#160;</font></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><u>Accounting
Treatment of the Reverse Merger</u></font></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</font></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">For
financial reporting purposes, the Share Exchange represents a "reverse merger"&#160;rather than a business combination
and BriVision is deemed the accounting acquirer in the transaction. The Share Exchange is being accounted for as a reverse-merger
and recapitalization. BriVision is the acquirer for financial reporting purposes and the Company is the acquired company. Consequently,
the assets and liabilities and the operations reflected in the historical financial statements prior to the Share Exchange will
be those of BriVision and recorded at the historical cost basis of BriVision. In addition, the consolidated financial statements
after completion of the Share Exchange will include the assets and liabilities of the Company and BriVision, and the historical
operations of BriVision and operations of the Combined Company from the closing date of the Share Exchange.</font></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</font></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><u>Merger</u></font></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</font></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">On
February 8, 2019, the Company, BioLite Holding, Inc. ("BioLite"), BioKey, Inc. ("BioKey"), BioLite Acquisition
Corp., a direct wholly-owned subsidiary of Parent ("Merger Sub 1"), and BioKey Acquisition Corp., a direct wholly-owned
subsidiary of Parent ("Merger Sub 2") (<font style="background-color: white">collectively referred to as the "Parties")</font>&#160;completed
the business combination pursuant to the Agreement and Plan of Merger (the "Merger Agreement") dated as of January
31, 2018 where ABVC acquired BioLite and BioKey via issuing additional Common Stock of ABVC to the shareholders of BioLite and
BioKey.</font></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</font></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Pursuant
to the terms of the Merger Agreement, BioLite and BioKey became two wholly-owned subsidiaries of the Company on February 8, 2019.
ABVC issued an aggregate of 104,558,777 shares (prior to the reverse stock split in 2019) to the shareholders of both BioLite
and BioKey under a registration statement on <a href="http://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/1173313/000121390018009520/fs42018_americanbrivision.htm">Form S-4</a> (file number 333-226285), which became effective by operation of law on
or about February 5, 2019.</font></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</font></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">BioLite
Holding, Inc. (the "BioLite Holding") was incorporated under the laws of the State of Nevada on July 27, 2016. BioLite
BVI, Inc. (the "BioLite BVI"), a wholly owned subsidiary of BioLite Holding, was incorporated in the British Virgin
Islands on September 13, 2016. BioLite Holding and BioLite BVI are holding companies and have not carried out substantive business
operations of their own.</font></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</font></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">BioLite,
Inc., (the "BioLite Taiwan") was incorporated on February 13, 2006 under the laws of Taiwan. BioLite is in the business
of developing and commercialization of new botanical drugs with application in central nervous system, autoimmunity, inflammation,
hematology, and oncology. In addition, BioLite Taiwan distributes dietary supplements made from extracts of Chinese herbs and
Maitake mushroom.</font></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</font></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">In
January 2017, BioLite Holding, BioLite BVI, BioLite Taiwan, and certain shareholders of BioLite Taiwan entered into a share purchase
/ exchange agreement (the "BioLite Share Purchase / Exchange Agreement"). Pursuant to the BioLite Share Purchase /
Exchange Agreement, the shareholder participants to the BioLite Share Purchase / Exchange Agreement have sold their equity in
BioLite Taiwan and were using the proceeds from such sales to purchase shares of Common Stock of BioLite Holding at the same price
per share, resulting in their owning the same number of shares of Common Stock as they owned in the BioLite Taiwan. Upon closing
of the Share Purchase/ Exchange Agreement in August 2017, BioLite Holding ultimately owns via BioLite BVI approximately 73% of
BioLite Taiwan. The other shareholders who did not enter this Share Purchase/ Exchange Agreement retain their equity ownership
in BioLite Taiwan.</font></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</font></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">BioKey,
Inc. was incorporated on August 9, 2000 in the State of California. It is engaged primarily in research and development, manufacturing,
and distribution of generic drugs and nutraceuticals with strategic partners. BioKey provides a wide range of services, including,
API characterization, pre-formulation studies, formulation development, analytical method development, stability studies, IND/NDA/ANDA/510K
submissions, and manufacturing clinical trial materials (phase 1 through phase 3) and commercial manufacturing. It also licenses
out its technologies and initiates joint research and development processes with other biotechnology, pharmaceutical, and nutraceutical
companies.</font></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</font></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><u>Accounting
Treatment of the Merger</u></font></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</font></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">The
Company adopted ASC 805, "Business Combination" to record the merger transactions of BioKey. Since the Company and
BioLite Holding are the entities under Dr. Tsung-Shann Jiang's common control, the transaction is accounted for as a restructuring
transaction.&#160;All the assets and liabilities of BioLite Holding, BioLite BVI, and BioLite Taiwan were transferred to the Company
at their respective carrying amounts on the closing date of the Merger. The Company has recast prior period financial statements
to reflect the conveyance of BioLite Holding's common shares as if the restructuring transaction had occurred as of the
earliest date of the financial statements. All material intercompany accounts, transactions, and profits have been eliminated
in consolidation. The nature of and effects on earnings per share (EPS) of nonrecurring intra-entity transactions involving long-term
assets and liabilities is not required to be eliminated and EPS amounts have been recast to include the earnings (or losses) of
the transferred net assets.</font></p><span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"><p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><b>1.
ORGANIZATION AND DESCRIPTION OF BUSINESS</b></font></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</font></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">American
BriVision (Holding) Corporation (the "Company" or "Holding entity"), a Nevada corporation, through the
Company's operating entity, American BriVision Corporation (the "BriVision"), which was incorporated in July
2015 in the State of Delaware, engages in biotechnology and focuses on the development of new drugs and innovative medical devices
to fulfill unmet medical needs. The business model of the Company is to integrate research achievements from world-famous institutions
(such as Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center ("MSKCC") and MD Anderson Cancer Center), conduct clinical trials
of translational medicine for Proof of Concept ("POC"), out-license to international pharmaceutical companies, and
exploit global markets. BriVision had to predecessor operations prior to its formation on July 21, 2015.</font></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</font></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><u>Reverse
Merger</u></font></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</font></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">On
February 8, 2016, a Share Exchange Agreement (the "Share Exchange Agreement") was entered into by and among American
BriVision (Holding) Corporation, American BriVision Corporation&#160;("BriVision"), and Euro-Asia Investment &#38;
Finance Corp. Limited, a company incorporated under the laws of Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of the People's
Republic of China ("Euro-Asia"), being the owners of record of 164,387,376 (52,336,000 pre-stock split) shares of
Common Stock of the Company, and the owners of record of all of the issued share capital of BriVision (the&#160;"BriVision
Stock").</font></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</font></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Pursuant
to the Share Exchange Agreement, upon surrender by the BriVision Shareholders and the cancellation by BriVision of the certificates
evidencing the BriVision Stock as registered in the name of each BriVision Shareholder, and pursuant to the registration of the
Company in the register of members maintained by BriVision as the new holder of the BriVision Stock and the issuance of the certificates
evidencing the aforementioned registration of the BriVision Stock in the name of the Company, the Company should issue 166,273,921(52,936,583
pre-stock split) shares (the&#160;"Acquisition Stock") (subject to adjustment for fractionalized shares as set forth
below) of the Company's Common Stock to the BriVision Shareholders (or their designees), and 163,159,952 (51,945,225 pre-stock
split) shares of the Company's Common Stock owned by Euro-Asia should be cancelled and retired to treasury. The Acquisition
Stock collectively should represent 79.70% of the issued and outstanding Common Stock of the Company immediately after the Closing,
in exchange for the BriVision Stock, representing 100% of the issued share capital of BriVision in a reverse merger (the "Merger").</font></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</font></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Pursuant
to the Merger, all of the issued and outstanding common shares of BriVision were converted, at an exchange ratio of 0.2536-for-1,
into an aggregate of 166,273,921(52,936,583pre-stock split) common shares of the Company and BriVision has become a wholly owned
subsidiary of the Company. The holders of Company's Common Stock as of immediately prior to the Merger held an aggregate
of 205,519,223(65,431,144 pre-stock split) shares of Company's Common Stock.&#160;Because of the exchange of the BriVision
Stock for the Acquisition Stock (the&#160;"Share Exchange"), BriVision has become a wholly owned subsidiary (the "Subsidiary")
of the Company and there was a change of control of the Company following the closing. There were no warrants, options or other
equity instruments issued in connection with the share exchange agreement.</font></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</font></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Because&#160;of
the consummation of the Share Exchange,&#160;BriVision&#160;is now our wholly owned subsidiary and its shareholders own approximately&#160;79.70%
of our issued and outstanding Common Stock.</font></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</font></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Following
the Share Exchange, we have abandoned our prior business plan and we are now pursuing&#160;BriVision's&#160;historically
proposed businesses, which focus on the development of new drugs and innovative medical devices to fulfill unmet medical needs.
The business model of the Company is to integrate research achievements from world-famous institutions, conduct clinical trials
of translational medicine for Proof of Concept ("POC"), out-license to international pharmaceutical companies, and
exploit global markets.</font></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 40.2pt">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><u>Accounting
Treatment of the Reverse Merger</u></font></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</font></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">For
financial reporting purposes, the Share Exchange represents a "reverse merger"&#160;rather than a business combination
and&#160;BriVision&#160;is deemed the accounting acquirer in the transaction. The&#160;Share Exchange is being accounted for as
a reverse-merger and recapitalization. BriVision&#160;is the acquirer for financial reporting purposes and the&#160;Company&#160;is
the acquired company. Consequently, the assets and liabilities and the operations reflected in the historical financial statements
prior to the Share Exchange will be those of&#160;BriVision&#160;and recorded at the historical cost basis of&#160;BriVision.
In addition, the consolidated financial statements after completion of the Share Exchange will include the assets and liabilities
of the Company and BriVision, and the historical operations of&#160;BriVision&#160;and operations of the Combined Company from
the closing date of the Share Exchange.</font></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</font></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><u>Merger</u></font></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</font></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">As
disclosed in a registration statement on <a href="http://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/1173313/000121390018009520/fs42018_americanbrivision.htm">Form S-4</a> filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission (the "SEC") on
July 23, 2018, as amended from time to time, the Company, BioLite Holding, Inc. ("BioLite"), BioKey, Inc. ("BioKey"),
BioLite Acquisition Corp., a direct wholly-owned subsidiary of Parent ("Merger Sub 1"), and BioKey Acquisition Corp.,
a direct wholly-owned subsidiary of Parent ("Merger Sub 2") (<font style="background-color: white">collectively referred
to as the "Parties")</font>&#160;were in the process of completing business combination pursuant to the Agreement
and Plan of Merger (the "Merger Agreement") dated as of January 31, 2018 where ABVC would acquire BioLite and BioKey
via issuing additional Common Stock of ABVC to the shareholders of BioLite and BioKey.</font></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</font></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">On
February 8, 2019, the Parties of the Merger Agreement consummated the Merger transactions. Pursuant to the terms of the Merger
Agreement, BioLite and BioKey became two wholly-owned subsidiaries of the Company on February 8, 2019. As of the date of this
prospectus, the Company is in the process of issuing shares of its Common Stock as Merger Consideration to the shareholders of
BioLite and BioKey pursuant to the registration statement (the "Registration Statement on S-4") on <a href="http://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/1173313/000121390019000796/fs42018a3_americanbrivision.htm">Form&#160;S-4</a> Amendment
No. 3 filed with the SEC on January 16, 2019 which became effective by operation of law on or about February 5, 2019.</font></p><span></span>
</td>
</tr>
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<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The entire disclosure for organization, consolidation and basis of presentation of financial statements disclosure.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 205<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/topic&amp;trid=2122149<br><br>Reference 2: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 810<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/topic&amp;trid=2197479<br></p></div>
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<span style="display: none;">v3.19.2</span><table class="report" border="0" cellspacing="2" id="idp6783778240">
<tr>
<th class="tl" colspan="1" rowspan="2"><div style="width: 200px;"><strong>Summary of Significant Accounting Policies<br></strong></div></th>
<th class="th" colspan="1">3 Months Ended</th>
<th class="th" colspan="1">12 Months Ended</th>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="th"><div>Mar. 31, 2019</div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Dec. 31, 2018</div></th>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_AccountingPoliciesAbstract', window );"><strong>Accounting Policies [Abstract]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_BusinessDescriptionAndAccountingPoliciesTextBlock', window );">SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES</a></td>
<td class="text"><p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><b>2.
SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES</b></font></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</font></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><u>Basis
of Presentation</u></font></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</font></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">The
accompanying consolidated financial statements have been prepared in accordance with the generally accepted accounting principles
in the United States of America (the "U.S. GAAP"). All significant intercompany transactions and account balances
have been eliminated.</font></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</font></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">This
basis of accounting involves the application of accrual accounting and consequently, revenues and gains are recognized when earned,
and expenses and losses are recognized when incurred. The Company's financial statements are expressed in U.S. dollars.</font></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</font></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><u>Fiscal
Year</u></font></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</font></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">The
Company changed its fiscal year from the period beginning on October 1st and ending on September 30th to the period beginning
on January 1st and ending on December 31st, beginning January 1, 2018. All references herein to a fiscal year prior to December
31, 2017 refer to the twelve months ended September 30th of such year.&#160;</font></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</font></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><u>Use
of Estimates</u></font></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</font></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">The
preparation of financial statements in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America
requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosure
of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the consolidated financial statements and the amount of revenues and expenses
during the reporting periods. Actual results could differ materially from those results.</font></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</font></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><u>Inventory</u></font></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</font></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Inventory
consists of raw materials, work-in-process, finished goods, and merchandise. Inventories are stated at the lower of cost or market
and valued on a moving weighted average cost basis. Market is determined based on net realizable value. The Company periodically
reviews the age and turnover of its inventory to determine whether any inventory has become obsolete or has declined in value,
and incurs a charge to operations for known and anticipated inventory obsolescence.</font></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</font></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><u>Reclassifications</u></font></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</font></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Certain
classifications have been made to the prior year financial statements to conform to the current year presentation. The reclassification
had no impact on previously reported net loss or accumulated deficit.</font></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</font></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><u>Forward
Stock Split</u></font></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</font></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">On
March 21, 2016, the Board of Directors of the Company approved an amendment to Articles of Incorporation to effect a forward split
at a ratio of 1 to 3.141 and increase the number of our authorized shares of Common Stock, par value $0.001 per share, to 360,000,000,
which was effective on April 8, 2016.</font></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;&#160;</font></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><u>Stock
Reverse Split</u></font></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</font></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">On
March 12, 2019, the Board of Directors of the Company by unanimous written consent in lieu of a meeting approved to i) effect
a stock reverse split at the ratio of 1-for-18 (the "Reverse Split") of both the authorized common stock of the Company
(the "Common Stock") and the issued and outstanding Common Stock and ii) to amend the articles of incorporation of
the Company to reflect the Reverse Split. The Board approved and authorized the Reverse Split without obtaining approval of the
Company's shareholders pursuant to Section 78.207 of Nevada Revised Statutes. On May 3, 2019, the Company filed a certificate
of amendment to the Company's articles of incorporation (the "Amendment") to effect the Reverse Split with the
Secretary of State of Nevada. The Financial Industry Regulatory Authority ("FINRA") informed the Company that the
Reverse Split was effective on May 8, 2019. All shares and related financial information in this Form 10-Q reflect this 1-for-18
reverse stock split.</font></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</font></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><u>Fair
Value Measurements</u></font></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</font></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">FASB
ASC 820, "Fair Value Measurements" defines fair value for certain financial and nonfinancial assets and liabilities
that are recorded at fair value, establishes a framework for measuring fair value and expands disclosures about fair value measurements.
It requires that an entity measure its financial instruments to base fair value on exit price, maximize the use of observable
units and minimize the use of unobservable inputs to determine the exit price. It establishes a hierarchy which prioritizes the
inputs to valuation techniques used to measure fair value. This hierarchy increases the consistency and comparability of fair
value measurements and related disclosures by maximizing the use of observable inputs and minimizing the use of unobservable inputs
by requiring that observable inputs be used when available. Observable inputs are inputs that reflect the assumptions market participants
would use in pricing the assets or liabilities based on market data obtained from sources independent of the Company. Unobservable
inputs are inputs that reflect the Company's own assumptions about the assumptions market participants would use in pricing
the asset or liability developed based on the best information available in the circumstances. The hierarchy prioritizes the inputs
into three broad levels based on the reliability of the inputs as follows:</font></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</font></p>

<table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
<tr style="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <td style="width: 24px; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</font></td>
    <td style="width: 24px; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#9679;</font></td>
    <td style="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Level
    1 &#8211; Inputs are quoted prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities that the Company has the ability
    to access at the measurement date. Valuation of these instruments does not require a high degree of judgment as the valuations
    are based on quoted prices in active markets that are readily and regularly available.</font></td></tr>
</table>
<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</font></p>

<table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
<tr style="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <td style="width: 24px; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</font></td>
    <td style="width: 24px; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#9679;</font></td>
    <td style="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Level
    2 &#8211; Inputs other than quoted prices in active markets that are either directly or indirectly observable as of the measurement
    date, such as quoted prices for similar assets or liabilities; quoted prices in markets that are not active; or other inputs
    that are observable or can be corroborated by observable market data for substantially the full term of the assets or liabilities.</font></td></tr>
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<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</font></p>

<table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
<tr style="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <td style="width: 24px; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</font></td>
    <td style="width: 24px; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#9679;</font></td>
    <td style="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Level
    3 &#8211; Valuations based on inputs that are unobservable and not corroborated by market data. The fair value for such assets
    and liabilities is generally determined using pricing models, discounted cash flow methodologies, or similar techniques that
    incorporate the assumptions a market participant would use in pricing the asset or liability.</font></td></tr>
</table>
<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</font></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">The
carrying values of certain assets and liabilities of the Company, such as cash and cash equivalents, restricted cash, accounts
receivable, due from related parties, inventory, prepaid expenses and other current assets, accounts payable, accrued liabilities,
and due to related parties approximate fair value due to their relatively short maturities. The carrying value of the Company's
short-term bank loan, convertible notes payable, and accrued interest approximates their fair value as the terms of the borrowing
are consistent with current market rates and the duration to maturity is short. The carrying value of the Company's long-term
bank loan approximates fair value because the interest rates approximate market rates that the Company could obtain for debt with
similar terms and maturities.</font></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</font></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><u>Cash
and Cash Equivalents</u></font></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</font></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">The
Company considers highly liquid investments with maturities of three months or less, when purchased, to be cash equivalents. As
of March 31, 2019 and December 31, 2018, the Company's cash and cash equivalents amounted $981,341 and $226,688, respectively.
Some&#160;of the Company's cash deposits are held in financial institutions located in Taiwan where there is currently regulation
mandated on obligatory insurance of bank accounts. The Company believes this financial institution is of high credit quality.</font></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;&#160;</font></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><u>Restricted
Cash Equivalents</u></font></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</font></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Restricted
cash equivalents primarily consist of cash held in a reserve bank account in Taiwan. As of March 31, 2019 and December 31, 2018,
the Company's restricted cash equivalents amounted $16,093.</font></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</font></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><u>Concentration
of Credit Risk</u></font></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</font></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">The
Company's financial instruments that are exposed to concentrations of credit risk consist primarily of cash and cash equivalents.
The Company places its cash and temporary cash investments in high quality credit institutions, but these investments may be in
excess of Taiwan Central Deposit Insurance Corporation and the U.S. Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation's insurance limits.
The Company does not enter into financial instruments for hedging, trading or speculative purposes.</font></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</font></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><u>Revenue
Recognition</u></font></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</font></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">During
the fiscal year 2018, the Company adopted Accounting Standards Codification ("ASC"), Topic 606 (ASC 606), Revenue
from Contracts with Customers, using the modified retrospective method to all contracts that were not completed as of January
1, 2018, and applying the new revenue standard as an adjustment to the opening balance of accumulated deficit at the beginning
of 2018 for the cumulative effect. The results for the Company's reporting periods beginning on and after January 1, 2018
are presented under ASC 606, while prior period amounts are not adjusted and continue to be reported under the accounting standards
in effect for the prior period. Based on the Company's review of existing collaborative agreements as of January 1, 2018,
the Company concluded that the adoption of the new guidance did not have a significant change on the Company's revenue during
all periods presented.</font></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</font></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Pursuant
to ASC 606, the Company recognizes revenue when its customer obtains control of promised goods or services, in an amount that
reflects the consideration that the Company expects to receive in exchange for those goods or services. To determine revenue recognition
for arrangements that the Company determines is within the scope of ASC 606, the Company performs the following five steps: (i)
identify the contract(s) with a customer; (ii) identify the performance obligations in the contract; (iii) determine the transaction
price; (iv) allocate the transaction price to the performance obligations in the contract; and (v) recognize revenue when (or
as) the Company satisfies a performance obligation. The Company only applies the five-step model to contracts when it is probable
that the Company will collect the consideration the Company is entitled to in exchange for the goods or services the Company transfers
to the customers. At inception of the contract, once the contract is determined to be within the scope of ASC 606, the Company
assesses the goods or services promised within each contract, determines those that are performance obligations, and assesses
whether each promised good or service is distinct. The Company then recognizes as revenue the amount of the transaction price
that is allocated to the respective performance obligation when (or as) the performance obligation is satisfied.</font></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</font></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">The
following are examples of when the Company recognizes revenue based on the types of payments the Company receives.</font></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</font></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><b>Merchandise
Sales &#8212;&#160;</b>The Company recognizes net revenues from dietary supplements product sales when customers obtain control
of the Company's products, which typically occurs upon delivery to customer. Product revenues are recorded at the net sales
price, or "transaction price," which includes applicable reserves for variable consideration, including discounts,
allowances, and returns.</font></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</font></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><i>Trade
discount and allowances</i>: The Company generally provides invoice discounts on product sales to its customers for prompt payment.
The Company estimates that, based on its experience, its customers will earn these discounts and fees, and deducts the full amount
of these discounts and fees from its gross product revenues and accounts receivable at the time such revenues are recognized.</font></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</font></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><i>Product
returns:</i>&#160;The Company estimates the amount of each product that will be returned and deducts these estimated amounts from
its gross revenues at the time the revenues are recognized. The Company's customers have the right to return unopened packages,
subject to contractual limitations.</font></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</font></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">To
date, product allowance and returns have been minimal and, based on its experience, the Company believes that returns of its products
will continue to be minimal.</font></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</font></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><b>Collaborative
Revenues &#8212;</b>&#160;The Company recognizes collaborative revenues generated through collaborative research, development
and/or commercialization agreements. The terms of these agreements typically include payment to the Company related to one or
more of the following: nonrefundable upfront license fees, development and commercial milestones, partial or complete reimbursement
of research and development costs, and royalties on net sales of licensed products. Each type of payments results in collaborative
revenues except for revenues from royalties on net sales of licensed products, which are classified as royalty revenues. To date,
we have not received any royalty revenues. Revenue is recognized upon satisfaction of a performance obligation by transferring
control of a good or service to the collaboration partners.</font></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</font></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">As
part of the accounting for these arrangements, the Company applies judgment to determine whether the performance obligations are
distinct, and develop assumptions in determining the stand-alone selling price for each distinct performance obligation identified
in the collaboration agreements. To determine the stand-alone selling price, the Company relies on assumptions which may include
forecasted revenues, development timelines, reimbursement rates for R&#38;D personnel costs, discount rates and probabilities
of technical and regulatory success.</font></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</font></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">The
Company had multiple deliverables under the collaborative agreements, including deliverables relating to grants of technology
licenses, regulatory and clinical development, and marketing activities. Estimation of the performance periods of the Company's
deliverables requires the use of management's judgment. Significant factors considered in management's evaluation
of the estimated performance periods include, but are not limited to, the Company's experience in conducting clinical development,
regulatory and manufacturing activities. The Company reviews the estimated duration of its performance periods under its collaborative
agreements on an annually basis, and makes any appropriate adjustments on a prospective basis. Future changes in estimates of
the performance period under its collaborative agreements could impact the timing of future revenue recognition.</font></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</font></p>

<table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%">
<tr style="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">

    <td style="width: 24px; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">(i)</font></td>
    <td style="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Nonrefundable
    upfront payments</font></td></tr>
</table>
<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</font></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">If
a license to the Company's intellectual property is determined to be distinct from the other performance obligations identified
in an arrangement, the Company recognizes revenue from the related nonrefundable upfront payments based on the relative standalone
selling price prescribed to the license compared to the total selling price of the arrangement. The revenue is recognized when
the license is transferred to the collaboration partners and the collaboration partners are able to use and benefit from the license.
To date, the receipt of nonrefundable upfront fees was solely for the compensation of past research efforts and contributions
made by the Company before the collaborative agreements entered into and it does not relate to any future obligations and commitments
made between the Company and the collaboration partners in the collaborative agreements.</font></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</font></p>

<table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%">
<tr style="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">

    <td style="width: 24px; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">(ii)</font></td>
    <td style="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Milestone
    payments</font></td></tr>
</table>
<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</font></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">The
Company is eligible to receive milestone payments under the collaborative agreement with collaboration partners based on achievement
of specified development, regulatory and commercial events. Management evaluated the nature of the events triggering these contingent
payments, and concluded that these events fall into two categories: (a) events which involve the performance of the Company's
obligations under the collaborative agreement with collaboration partners, and (b) events which do not involve the performance
of the Company's obligations under the collaborative agreement with collaboration partners.</font></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</font></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">The
former category of milestone payments consists of those triggered by development and regulatory activities in the territories
specified in the collaborative agreements. Management concluded that each of these payments constitute substantive milestone payments.
This conclusion was based primarily on the facts that (i) each triggering event represents a specific outcome that can be achieved
only through successful performance by the Company of one or more of its deliverables, (ii) achievement of each triggering event
was subject to inherent risk and uncertainty and would result in additional payments becoming due to the Company, (iii) each of
the milestone payments is nonrefundable, (iv) substantial effort is required to complete each milestone, (v) the amount of each
milestone payment is reasonable in relation to the value created in achieving the milestone, (vi) a substantial amount of time
is expected to pass between the upfront payment and the potential milestone payments, and (vii) the milestone payments relate
solely to past performance. Based on the foregoing, the Company recognizes any revenue from these milestone payments in the period
in which the underlying triggering event occurs.</font></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;&#160;</font></p>

<table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%">
<tr style="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">

    <td style="width: 24px; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">(iii)</font></td>
    <td style="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Multiple
    Element Arrangements</font></td></tr>
</table>
<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</font></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">The
Company evaluates multiple element arrangements to determine (1) the deliverables included in the arrangement and (2) whether
the individual deliverables represent separate units of accounting or whether they must be accounted for as a combined unit of
accounting. This evaluation involves subjective determinations and requires management to make judgments about the individual
deliverables and whether such deliverables are separate from other aspects of the contractual relationship. Deliverables are considered
separate units of accounting provided that: (i) the delivered item(s) has value to the customer on a standalone basis and (ii)
if the arrangement includes a general right of return relative to the delivered item(s), delivery or performance of the undelivered
item(s) is considered probable and substantially within its control. In assessing whether an item under a collaboration has standalone
value, the Company considers factors such as the research, manufacturing, and commercialization capabilities of the collaboration
partner and the availability of the associated expertise in the general marketplace. The Company also considers whether its collaboration
partners can use the other deliverable(s) for their intended purpose without the receipt of the remaining element(s), whether
the value of the deliverable is dependent on the undelivered item(s), and whether there are other vendors that can provide the
undelivered element(s).</font></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</font></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">The
Company recognizes arrangement consideration allocated to each unit of accounting when all of the revenue recognition criteria
in ASC 606 are satisfied for that particular unit of accounting. In the event that a deliverable does not represent a separate
unit of accounting, the Company recognizes revenue from the combined unit of accounting over the Company's contractual or
estimated performance period for the undelivered elements, which is typically the term of the Company's research and development
obligations. If there is no discernible pattern of performance or objectively measurable performance measures do not exist, then
the Company recognizes revenue under the arrangement on a straight-line basis over the period the Company is expected to complete
its performance obligations. Conversely, if the pattern of performance in which the service is provided to the customer can be
determined and objectively measurable performance measures exist, then the Company recognizes revenue under the arrangement using
the proportional performance method. Revenue recognized is limited to the lesser of the cumulative amount of payments received
or the cumulative amount of revenue earned, as determined using the straight-line method or proportional performance method, as
applicable, as of the period ending date.</font></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</font></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">At
the inception of an arrangement that includes milestone payments, the Company evaluates whether each milestone is substantive
and at risk to both parties on the basis of the contingent nature of the milestone. This evaluation includes an assessment of
whether: (1) the consideration is commensurate with either the Company's performance to achieve the milestone or the enhancement
of the value of the delivered item(s) as a result of a specific outcome resulting from its performance to achieve the milestone,
(2) the consideration relates solely to past performance and (3) the consideration is reasonable relative to all of the deliverables
and payment terms within the arrangement. The Company evaluates factors such as the scientific, clinical, regulatory, commercial,
and other risks that must be overcome to achieve the particular milestone and the level of effort and investment required to achieve
the particular milestone in making this assessment. There is considerable judgment involved in determining whether a milestone
satisfies all of the criteria required to conclude that a milestone is substantive. Milestones that are not considered substantive
are recognized as earned if there are no remaining performance obligations or over the remaining period of performance, assuming
all other revenue recognition criteria are met.</font></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</font></p>

<table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%">
<tr style="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">

    <td style="width: 24px; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">(iv)</font></td>
    <td style="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Royalties
    and Profit Sharing Payments</font></td></tr>
</table>
<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</font></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Under
the collaborative agreement with the collaboration partners, the Company is entitled to receive royalties on sales of products,
which is at certain percentage of the net sales. The Company recognizes revenue from these events based on the revenue recognition
criteria set forth in ASC 606. Based on those criteria, the Company considers these payments to be contingent revenues, and recognizes
them as revenue in the period in which the applicable contingency is resolved.</font></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</font></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><u>Property
and Equipment</u></font></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><b><i>&#160;</i></b></font></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Property
and equipment is carried at cost net of accumulated depreciation. Repairs and maintenance are expensed as incurred. Expenditures
that improve the functionality of the related asset or extend the useful life are capitalized. When property and equipment is
retired or otherwise disposed of, the related gain or loss is included in operating income. Leasehold improvements are depreciated
on the straight-line method over the shorter of the remaining lease term or estimated useful life of the asset. Depreciation is
calculated on the straight-line method, including property and equipment under capital leases, generally based on the following
useful lives:</font></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</font></p>

<table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-collapse: collapse">
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <td style="width: 87%; text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</font></td>
    <td style="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</font></td>
    <td style="width: 12%; border-bottom: black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><b>Estimated&#160;Life&#160;</b></font><br />
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<tr style="background-color: #CCEEFF; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <td style="vertical-align: top; text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Buildings
    and leasehold improvements</font></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</font></td>
    <td style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: center; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">5
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<tr style="background-color: white; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <td style="vertical-align: top; text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Machinery
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    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</font></td>
    <td style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: center; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">5
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<tr style="background-color: #CCEEFF; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <td style="vertical-align: top; text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Office
    equipment</font></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</font></td>
    <td style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: center; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">3
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</table>
<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><b><i>&#160;</i></b></font></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><u>Impairment
of Long-Lived Assets</u></font></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</font></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">The
Company has adopted Accounting Standards Codification subtopic 360-10, Property, Plant and Equipment ("ASC 360-10").
ASC 360-10 requires that long-lived assets and certain identifiable intangibles held and used by the Company be reviewed for impairment
whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying amount of an asset may not be recoverable. The Company
evaluates its long-lived assets for impairment annually or more often if events and circumstances warrant. Events relating to
recoverability may include significant unfavorable changes in business conditions, recurring losses, or a forecasted inability
to achieve break-even operating results over an extended period. Should impairment in value be indicated, the carrying value of
intangible assets will be adjusted, based on estimates of future discounted cash flows resulting from the use and ultimate disposition
of the asset. ASC 360-10 also requires assets to be disposed of be reported at the lower of the carrying amount or the fair value
less costs to sell.</font></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</font></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><u>Long-term
Equity Investment</u>&#160;</font></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</font></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">The
Company acquires the equity investments to promote business and strategic objectives. The Company accounts for non-marketable
equity and other equity investments for which the Company does not have control over the investees as:</font></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</font></p>

<table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
<tr style="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <td style="width: 24px; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</font></td>
    <td style="width: 24px; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#9679;</font></td>
    <td style="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Equity
    method investments when the Company has the ability to exercise significant influence, but not control, over the investee.
    Its proportionate share of the income or loss is recognized monthly and is recorded in gains (losses) on equity investments.</font></td></tr>
</table>
<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</font></p>

<table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%">
<tr style="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <td style="width: 24px; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</font></td>
    <td style="width: 24px; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#9679;</font></td>
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</table>
<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</font></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Significant
judgment is required to identify whether an impairment exists in the valuation of the Company's non-marketable equity investments,
and therefore the Company considers this a critical accounting estimate. Its yearly analysis considers both qualitative and quantitative
factors that may have a significant impact on the investee's fair value. Qualitative analysis of its investments involves
understanding the financial performance and near-term prospects of the investee, changes in general market conditions in the investee's
industry or geographic area, and the management and governance structure of the investee. Quantitative assessments of the fair
value of its investments are developed using the market and income approaches. The market approach includes the use of comparable
financial metrics of private and public companies and recent financing rounds. The income approach includes the use of a discounted
cash flow model, which requires significant estimates regarding the investees' revenue, costs, and discount rates. The Company's
assessment of these factors in determining whether an impairment exists could change in the future due to new developments or
changes in applied assumptions.</font></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</font></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><u>Other-Than-Temporary
Impairment</u></font></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</font></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">The
Company's long-term equity investments are subject to a periodic impairment review. Impairments affect earnings as follows:</font></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</font></p>

<table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
<tr style="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <td style="width: 24px; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</font></td>
    <td style="width: 24px; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#9679;</font></td>
    <td style="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Marketable
    equity securities include the consideration of general market conditions, the duration and extent to which the fair value
    is below cost, and our ability and intent to hold the investment for a sufficient period of time to allow for recovery of
    value in the foreseeable future. The Company also considers specific adverse conditions related to the financial health of,
    and the business outlook for, the investee, which may include industry and sector performance, changes in technology, operational
    and financing cash flow factors, and changes in the investee's credit rating. The Company records other-than-temporary
    impairments on marketable equity securities and marketable equity method investments in gains (losses) on equity investments.</font></td></tr>
</table>
<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</font></p>

<table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
<tr style="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <td style="width: 24px; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</font></td>
    <td style="width: 24px; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#9679;</font></td>
    <td style="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Non-marketable
    equity investments based on the Company's assessment of the severity and duration of the impairment, and qualitative
    and quantitative analysis of the operating performance of the investee; adverse changes in market conditions and the regulatory
    or economic environment; changes in operating structure or management of the investee; additional funding requirements; and
    the investee's ability to remain in business. A series of operating losses of an investee or other factors may indicate
    that a decrease in value of the investment has occurred that is other than temporary and that shall be recognized even though
    the decrease in value is in excess of what would otherwise be recognized by application of the equity method. A loss in value
    of an investment that is other than a temporary decline shall be recognized. Evidence of a loss in value might include, but
    would not necessarily be limited to, absence of an ability to recover the carrying amount of the investment or inability of
    the investee to sustain an earnings capacity that would justify the carrying amount of the investment. The Company records
    other-than-temporary impairments for non-marketable cost method investments and equity method investments in gains (losses)
    on equity investments. Other-than-temporary impairments of equity investments were $0 for the three months ended March 31,
    2019 and 2018, respectively.</font></td></tr>
</table>
<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</font></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><u>Goodwill</u></font></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</font></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">The
Company evaluates goodwill for impairment annually or more frequently when an event occurs or circumstances change that indicate
the carrying value may not be recoverable. In testing goodwill for impairment, the Company may elect to utilize a qualitative
assessment to evaluate whether it is more likely than not that the fair value of a reporting unit is less than its carrying amount.
If the qualitative assessment indicates that goodwill impairment is more likely than not, the Company performs a two-step impairment
test. The Company tests goodwill for impairment under the two-step impairment test by first comparing the book value of net assets
to the fair value of the reporting units. If the fair value is determined to be less than the book value or qualitative factors
indicate that it is more likely than not that goodwill is impaired, a second step is performed to compute the amount of impairment
as the difference between the estimated fair value of goodwill and the carrying value. The Company estimates the fair value of
the reporting units using discounted cash flows. Forecasts of future cash flows are based on our best estimate of future net sales
and operating expenses, based primarily on expected category expansion, pricing, market segment share, and general economic conditions.</font></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</font></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">The
Company completed the required testing of goodwill for impairment at the closing of Merger of BioKey on February 8, 2019, and
determined that goodwill was impaired because of the current financial condition of the Company and the Company's inability
to generate future operating income without substantial sales volume increases, which are highly uncertain. Furthermore, the Company
anticipates future cash flows indicate that the recoverability of goodwill is not reasonably assured.</font></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</font></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><u>Research
and Development Expenses</u></font></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</font></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">The
Company accounts for the cost of using licensing rights in research and development cost according to ASC Topic 730-10-25-1. This
guidance provides that absent alternative future uses the acquisition of product rights to be used in research and development
activities must be charged to research and development expenses when incurred.</font></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</font></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">For
CDMO business unit, the Company accounts for R&#38;D costs in accordance with Accounting Standards Codification ("ASC")
730, Research and Development ("ASC 730"). Research and development expenses are charged to expense as incurred unless
there is an alternative future use in other research and development projects or otherwise. Research and development expenses
are comprised of costs incurred in performing research and development activities, including personnel-related costs, facilities-related
overhead, and outside contracted services including clinical trial costs, manufacturing and process development costs for both
clinical and preclinical materials, research costs, and other consulting services. Non-refundable advance payment for goods and
services that will be used in future research and development activities are expensed when the activity has been performed or
when the goods have been received rather than when the payment is made. In instances where the Company enters into agreements
with third parties to provide research and development services, costs are expensed as services are performed.</font></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;&#160;</font></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><u>Post-retirement
and post-employment benefits</u></font></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><b><i>&#160;</i></b></font></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">The
Company's subsidiaries in Taiwan adopted the government mandated defined contribution plan pursuant to the Labor Pension
Act (the "Act") in Taiwan. Such labor regulations require that the rate of contribution made by an employer to the
Labor Pension Fund per month shall not be less than 6% of the worker's monthly salaries. Pursuant to the Act, the Company
makes monthly contribution equal to 6% of employees' salaries to the employees' pension fund. The Company has no legal
obligation for the benefits beyond the contributions made. The total amounts for such employee benefits, which were expensed as
incurred, were $4,424 and $5,586 for the three months ended March 31, 2019 and 2018, respectively. Other than the above, the Company
does not provide any other post-retirement or post-employment benefits.</font></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</font></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><u>Stock-based
Compensation</u></font></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</font></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">The
Company measures expense associated with all employee stock-based compensation awards using a fair value method and recognizes
such expense in the consolidated financial statements on a straight-line basis over the requisite service period in accordance
with FASB ASC Topic 718 "Compensation-Stock Compensation". Total employee stock-based compensation expenses were $0
for the three months ended March 31, 2019 and 2018.</font></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</font></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">The
Company accounted for stock-based compensation to non-employees in accordance with FASB ASC Topic 718 "Compensation-Stock
Compensation" and FASB ASC Topic 505-50 "Equity-Based Payments to Non-Employees" which requires that the cost
of services received from non-employees is measured at fair value at the earlier of the performance commitment date or the date
service is completed and recognized over the period the service is provided. Total non-employee stock-based compensation expenses
were $8,550 and $5,626 for the three months ended March 31, 2019 and 2018, respectively.</font></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</font></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><u>Beneficial
Conversion Feature</u></font></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><b><i>&#160;</i></b></font></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">From
time to time, the Company may issue convertible notes that may contain an imbedded beneficial conversion feature. A beneficial
conversion feature exists on the date a convertible note is issued when the fair value of the underlying common stock to which
the note is convertible into is in excess of the remaining unallocated proceeds of the note after first considering the allocation
of a portion of the note proceeds to the fair value of the warrants, if related warrants have been granted. The intrinsic value
of the beneficial conversion feature is recorded as a debt discount with a corresponding amount to additional paid in capital.
The debt discount is amortized to interest expense over the life of the note using the effective interest method.</font></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</font></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><u>Income
Taxes</u></font></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 40.2pt"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</font></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">The
Company accounts for income taxes using the asset and liability approach which allows the recognition and measurement of deferred
tax assets to be based upon the likelihood of realization of tax benefits in future years. Under the asset and liability approach,
deferred taxes are provided for the net tax effects of temporary differences between the carrying amounts of assets and liabilities
for financial reporting purposes and the amounts used for income tax purposes. A valuation allowance is provided for deferred
tax assets if it is more likely than not these items will expire before the Company is able to realize their benefits, or future
deductibility is uncertain.</font></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</font></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Under
ASC 740, a tax position is recognized as a benefit only if it is&#160;"more likely than not"&#160;that the tax position
would be sustained in a tax examination, with a tax examination being presumed to occur. The evaluation of a tax position is a
two-step process. The first step is to determine whether it is more-likely-than-not that a tax position will be sustained upon
examination, including the resolution of any related appeals or litigations based on the technical merits of that position. The
second step is to measure a tax position that meets the more-likely-than-not threshold to determine the amount of benefits recognized
in the financial statements. A tax position is measured at the largest amount of benefit that is greater than 50 percent likely
of being realized upon ultimate settlement. Tax positions that previously failed to meet the more-likely-than-not recognition
threshold should be recognized in the first subsequent period in which the threshold is met. Previously recognized tax positions
that no longer meet the more-likely-than-not criteria should be de-recognized in the first subsequent financial reporting period
in which the threshold is no longer satisfied. Penalties and interest incurred related to underpayment of income tax are classified
as income tax expense in the year incurred. No significant penalty or interest relating to income taxes has been incurred for
the three months ended March 31, 2019 and 2018. GAAP also provides guidance on de-recognition, classification, interest and penalties,
accounting in interim periods, disclosures and transition.</font></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</font></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; background-color: white">On
December 22, 2017, the SEC issued Staff Accounting Bulletin ("SAB 118"), which provides guidance on accounting for
tax effects of the Tax Act. SAB 118 provides a measurement period that should not extend beyond one year from the Tax Act enactment
date for companies to complete the accounting under ASC 740. In accordance with SAB 118, a company must reflect the income tax
effects of those aspects of the Act for which the accounting under ASC 740 is complete. To the extent that a company's accounting
for certain income tax effects of the Tax Act is incomplete but it is able to determine a reasonable estimate, it must record
a provisional estimate to be included in the financial statements. If a company cannot determine a provisional estimate to be
included in the financial statements, it should continue to apply ASC 740 on the basis of the provision of the tax laws that were
in effect immediately before the enactment of the Tax Act. While the Company is able to make reasonable estimates of the impact
of the reduction in corporate rate and the deemed repatriation transition tax, the final impact of the Tax Act may differ from
these estimates, due to, among other things, changes in our interpretations and assumptions, additional guidance that may be issued
by the I.R.S., and actions the Company may take. The Company is continuing to gather additional information to determine the final
impact.</font></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</font></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><u>Valuation
of Deferred Tax Assets&#160;</u></font></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</font></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">A
valuation allowance is recorded to reduce the Company's deferred tax assets to the amount that is more likely than not to
be realized. In assessing the need for the valuation allowance, management considers, among other things, projections of future
taxable income and ongoing prudent and feasible tax planning strategies. If the Company determines that sufficient negative evidence
exists, then it will consider recording a valuation allowance against a portion or all of the deferred tax assets in that jurisdiction.
If, after recording a valuation allowance, the Company's projections of future taxable income and other positive evidence
considered in evaluating the need for a valuation allowance prove, with the benefit of hindsight, to be inaccurate, it could prove
to be more difficult to support the realization of its deferred tax assets. As a result, an additional valuation allowance could
be required, which would have an adverse impact on its effective income tax rate and results. Conversely, if, after recording
a valuation allowance, the Company determines that sufficient positive evidence exists in the jurisdiction in which the valuation
allowance was recorded, it may reverse a portion or all of the valuation allowance in that jurisdiction. In such situations, the
adjustment made to the deferred tax asset would have a favorable impact on its effective income tax rate and results in the period
such determination was made.</font></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</font></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><u>Loss
Per Share of Common Stock</u></font></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</font></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">The
Company calculates net loss per share in accordance with ASC Topic 260, "Earnings per Share". Basic loss per share
is computed by dividing the net loss by the weighted average number of common shares outstanding during the period. Diluted loss
per share is computed similar to basic loss per share except that the denominator is increased to include the number of additional
common shares that would have been outstanding if the potential common stock equivalents had been issued and if the additional
common shares were dilutive. Diluted earnings per share excludes all dilutive potential shares if their effect is anti-dilutive.</font></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</font></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><u>Commitments
and Contingencies</u></font></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</font></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">The
Company has adopted ASC Topic 450 "Contingencies" subtopic 20, in determining its accruals and disclosures with respect
to loss contingencies. Accordingly, estimated losses from loss contingencies are accrued by a charge to income when information
available before financial statements are issued or are available to be issued indicates that it is probable that an assets had
been impaired or a liability had been incurred at the date of the financial statements and the amount of the loss can be reasonably
estimated. Legal expenses associated with the contingency are expensed as incurred. If a loss contingency is not probable or reasonably
estimable, disclosure of the loss contingency is made in the financial statements when it is at least reasonably possible that
a material loss could be incurred.</font></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</font></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><u>Foreign-currency
Transactions&#160;</u></font></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</font></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">For
the Company's subsidiaries in Taiwan, the foreign-currency transactions are recorded in New Taiwan dollars ("NTD")
at the rates of exchange in effect when the transactions occur. Gains or losses resulting from the application of different foreign
exchange rates when cash in foreign currency is converted into New Taiwan dollars, or when foreign-currency receivables or payables
are settled, are credited or charged to income in the year of conversion or settlement. On the balance sheet dates, the balances
of foreign-currency assets and liabilities are restated at the prevailing exchange rates and the resulting differences are charged
to current income except for those foreign currencies denominated investments in shares of stock where such differences are accounted
for as translation adjustments under the Statements of Stockholders' Equity (Deficit).</font></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</font></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><u>Translation
Adjustment&#160;</u></font></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</font></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">The
accounts of the Company's subsidiaries in Taiwan were maintained, and their financial statements were expressed, in New
Taiwan Dollar ("NT$"). Such financial statements were translated into U.S. Dollars ("$" or "USD")
in accordance ASC 830, "Foreign Currency Matters", with the NT$ as the functional currency. According to the Statement,
all assets and liabilities are translated at the current exchange rate, stockholder's deficit are translated at the historical
rates and income statement items are translated at an average exchange rate for the period. The resulting translation adjustments
are reported under other comprehensive income (loss) as a component of stockholders' equity (deficit).</font></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</font></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><u>Recent
Accounting Pronouncements</u></font></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</font></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">In
August 2018, the FASB issued ASU 2018-13, Fair Value Measurement ("Topic 820"): Disclosure Framework - Changes to
the Disclosure Requirements for Fair Value Measurement ("ASU 2018-13"). The ASU modifies the disclosure requirements
in Topic 820, Fair Value Measurement, by removing certain disclosure requirements related to the fair value hierarchy, modifying
existing disclosure requirements related to measurement uncertainty and adding new disclosure requirements, such as disclosing
the changes in unrealized gains and losses for the period included in other comprehensive income for recurring Level 3 fair value
measurements held at the end of the reporting period and disclosing the range and weighted average of significant unobservable
inputs used to develop Level 3 fair value measurements. This ASU is effective for public companies for annual reporting periods
and interim periods within those annual periods beginning after December 15, 2019. The Company is currently evaluating the effect,
if any, that the ASU 2018-13 will have on its consolidated financial statements.&#160;</font></p><span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"><p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><b>2.
SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES</b></font></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</font></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><u>Basis
of Presentation</u></font></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</font></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">The
accompanying consolidated financial statements have been prepared in accordance with the generally accepted accounting principles
in the United States of America (the "U.S. GAAP"). All significant intercompany transactions and account balances
have been eliminated.</font></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</font></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">This
basis of accounting involves the application of accrual accounting and consequently, revenues and gains are recognized when earned,
and expenses and losses are recognized when incurred. The Company's financial statements are expressed in U.S. dollars.</font></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</font></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><u>Fiscal
Year</u></font></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</font></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">The
Company changed its fiscal year from the period beginning on October 1st and ending on September 30th to the period beginning
on January 1st and ending on December 31st, beginning January 1, 2018. All references herein to a fiscal year prior to December
31, 2017 refer to the twelve months ended September 30th of such year.&#160;</font></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</font></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><u>Use
of Estimates</u></font></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</font></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">The
preparation of financial statements in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America
requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosure
of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the consolidated financial statements and the amount of revenues and expenses
during the reporting periods. Actual results could differ materially from those results.</font></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</font></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><u>Reclassifications</u></font></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</font></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Certain
classifications have been made to the prior year financial statements to conform to the current year presentation. The reclassification
had no impact on previously reported net loss or accumulated deficit.</font></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</font></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><u>Forward
Stock split</u></font></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</font></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">On
March 21, 2016, the Board of Directors of the Company approved an amendment to Articles of Incorporation to effect a forward split
at a ratio of 1 to 3.141 and increase the number of our authorized shares of Common Stock, par value $0.001 per share, to 360,000,000,
which was effective on April 8, 2016. The majority of the shareholders of the Company approved the amendment to Articles of Incorporation.</font></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</font></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><u>Fair
Value Measurements</u></font></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</font></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">The
Company applies the provisions of ASC Subtopic 820-10,&#160;"Fair Value Measurements",&#160;for fair value measurements
of financial assets and financial liabilities and for fair value measurements of nonfinancial items that are recognized or disclosed
at fair value in the financial statements. ASC 820 also establishes a framework for measuring fair value and expands disclosures
about fair value measurements.</font></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</font></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Fair
value is defined as the price that would be received to sell an asset or paid to transfer a liability in an orderly transaction
between market participants at the measurement date. When determining the fair value measurements for assets and liabilities,
the Company considers the principal or most advantageous market in which it would transact and it considers assumptions that market
participants would use when pricing the asset or liability.</font></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</font></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">ASC
820 establishes a fair value hierarchy that requires an entity to maximize the use of observable inputs and minimize the use of
unobservable inputs when measuring fair value. ASC 820 establishes three levels of inputs to measure fair value. The hierarchy
gives the highest priority to unadjusted quoted prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities (Level 1 measurements)
and the lowest priority to measurements involving significant unobservable inputs (Level 3 measurements). The three levels of
the fair value hierarchy are as follows:</font></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</font></p>

<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><tr style="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
<td style="width: 0.25in; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"></td><td style="width: 0.25in; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#9679;</font></td><td style="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Level
                                         1 inputs to the valuation methodology are quoted prices (unadjusted) for identical assets
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<tr style="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
<td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
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                                         2 inputs to the valuation methodology include quoted prices for similar assets and liabilities
                                         in active markets, and inputs that are observable for the assets or liability, either
                                         directly or indirectly, for substantially the full term of the financial instruments.</font></td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
<td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
<td style="width: 0.25in; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"></td><td style="width: 0.25in; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#9679;</td><td style="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Level
                                         3 inputs to the valuation methodology are unobservable and significant to the fair value.</font></td></tr></table>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">The
carrying values of certain assets and liabilities of the Company, such as cash and cash equivalents, due from related parties,
accrued expenses, and due to related parties approximate fair value due to their relatively short maturities. The carrying value
of the Company's convertible notes payable and accrued interest approximates their fair value as the terms of the borrowing
are consistent with current market rates.&#160;</font></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</font></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><u>Cash
and Cash Equivalents</u></font></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</font></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">The
Company considers highly liquid investments with maturities of three months or less, when purchased, to be cash equivalents. As
of December 31, 2018 and 2017, the Company's cash and cash equivalents amounted $40,044 and $93,332, respectively. Some&#160;of
the Company's cash deposits are held in financial institutions located in Taiwan where there is currently regulation mandated
on obligatory insurance of bank accounts. The Company believes this financial institution is of high credit quality.</font></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</font></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><u>Restricted
Cash Equivalents</u></font></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</font></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Restricted
cash equivalents primarily consist of cash held in a reserve bank account in Taiwan.</font></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</font></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><u>Concentration
of Credit Risk</u></font></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</font></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">The
Company's financial instruments that are exposed to concentrations of credit risk consist primarily of cash and cash equivalents.
The Company places its cash and temporary cash investments in high quality credit institutions, but these investments may be in
excess of Taiwan Central Deposit Insurance Corporation and the U.S. Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation's insurance limits.
The Company does not enter into financial instruments for hedging, trading or speculative purposes.</font></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;&#160;</font></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><u>Revenue
Recognition</u></font></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><b><i>&#160;</i></b></font></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; background-color: white">The
Company has yet to realize revenues from operations.</font></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</font></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">During
the fiscal year 2018, the Company adopted Accounting Standards Codification ("ASC"), Topic 606 (ASC 606), Revenue
from Contracts with Customers, using the modified retrospective method to all contracts that were not completed as of January
1, 2018, and applying the new revenue standard as an adjustment to the opening balance of accumulated deficit at the beginning
of 2018 for the cumulative effect. The results for the Company's reporting periods beginning on and after January 1, 2018
are presented under ASC 606, while prior period amounts are not adjusted and continue to be reported under the accounting standards
in effect for the prior period. Based on the Company's review of existing collaborative agreements as of January 1, 2018,
the Company concluded that the adoption of the new guidance did not have a significant change on the Company's revenue during
all periods presented.</font></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</font></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Pursuant
to ASC 606, the Company recognizes revenue when its customer obtains control of promised goods or services, in an amount that
reflects the consideration that the Company expects to receive in exchange for those goods or services. To determine revenue recognition
for arrangements that the Company determines is within the scope of ASC 606, the Company performs the following five steps: (i)
identify the contract(s) with a customer; (ii) identify the performance obligations in the contract; (iii) determine the transaction
price; (iv) allocate the transaction price to the performance obligations in the contract; and (v) recognize revenue when (or
as) the Company satisfies a performance obligation. The Company only applies the five-step model to contracts when it is probable
that the Company will collect the consideration the Company is entitled to in exchange for the goods or services the Company transfers
to the customers. At inception of the contract, once the contract is determined to be within the scope of ASC 606, the Company
assesses the goods or services promised within each contract, determines those that are performance obligations, and assesses
whether each promised good or service is distinct. The Company then recognizes as revenue the amount of the transaction price
that is allocated to the respective performance obligation when (or as) the performance obligation is satisfied.</font></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</font></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">The
following are examples of when the Company recognizes revenue based on the types of payments the Company receives.</font></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</font></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 0 0.25in; text-align: justify"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><i>Collaborative
Revenues</i>&#160;<b>&#8212;&#160;</b>The Company recognizes collaborative revenues generated through collaborative research,
development and/or commercialization agreements. The terms of these agreements typically include payment to the Company related
to one or more of the following: nonrefundable upfront license fees, development and commercial milestones, partial or complete
reimbursement of research and development costs, and royalties on net sales of licensed products. Each type of payments results
in collaborative revenues except for revenues from royalties on net sales of licensed products, which are classified as royalty
revenues. To date, we have not received any royalty revenues. Revenue is recognized upon satisfaction of a performance obligation
by transferring control of a good or service to the collaboration partners.</font></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 0 0.25in; text-align: justify"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</font></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 0 0.25in; text-align: justify"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">As
part of the accounting for these arrangements, the Company applies judgment to determine whether the performance obligations are
distinct, and develop assumptions in determining the stand-alone selling price for each distinct performance obligation identified
in the collaboration agreements. To determine the stand-alone selling price, the Company relies on assumptions which may include
forecasted revenues, development timelines, reimbursement rates for R&#38;D personnel costs, discount rates and probabilities
of technical and regulatory success.</font></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 0 0.25in; text-align: justify"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</font></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 0 0.25in; text-align: justify"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">The
Company had multiple deliverables under the collaborative agreements, including deliverables relating to grants of technology
licenses, regulatory and clinical development, and marketing activities. Estimation of the performance periods of the Company's
deliverables requires the use of management's judgment. Significant factors considered in management's evaluation
of the estimated performance periods include, but are not limited to, the Company's experience in conducting clinical development,
regulatory and manufacturing activities. The Company reviews the estimated duration of its performance periods under its collaborative
agreements on an annually basis, and makes any appropriate adjustments on a prospective basis. Future changes in estimates of
the performance period under its collaborative agreements could impact the timing of future revenue recognition.</font></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;&#160;</font></p>

<table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%">
<tr style="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <td style="width: 24px; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</font></td>
    <td style="width: 24px; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">(i)</font></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Nonrefundable
    upfront payments</font></td></tr>
</table>
<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</font></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 0 0.25in; text-align: justify"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">If
a license to the Company's intellectual property is determined to be distinct from the other performance obligations identified
in an arrangement, the Company recognizes revenue from the related nonrefundable upfront payments based on the relative standalone
selling price prescribed to the license compared to the total selling price of the arrangement. The revenue is recognized when
the license is transferred to the collaboration partners and the collaboration partners are able to use and benefit from the license.
To date, the receipt of nonrefundable upfront fees was solely for the compensation of past research efforts and contributions
made by the Company before the collaborative agreements entered into and it does not relate to any future obligations and commitments
made between the Company and the collaboration partners in the collaborative agreements.</font></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</font></p>

<table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%">
<tr style="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <td style="width: 24px; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</font></td>
    <td style="width: 24px; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">(ii)</font></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Milestone
    payments</font></td></tr>
</table>
<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</font></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 0 0.25in; text-align: justify"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">The
Company is eligible to receive milestone payments under the collaborative agreement with collaboration partners based on achievement
of specified development, regulatory and commercial events. Management evaluated the nature of the events triggering these contingent
payments, and concluded that these events fall into two categories: (a) events which involve the performance of the Company's
obligations under the collaborative agreement with collaboration partners, and (b) events which do not involve the performance
of the Company's obligations under the collaborative agreement with collaboration partners.</font></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</font></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 0 0.25in; text-align: justify"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">The
former category of milestone payments consists of those triggered by development and regulatory activities in the territories
specified in the collaborative agreements. Management concluded that each of these payments constitute substantive milestone payments.
This conclusion was based primarily on the facts that (i) each triggering event represents a specific outcome that can be achieved
only through successful performance by the Company of one or more of its deliverables, (ii) achievement of each triggering event
was subject to inherent risk and uncertainty and would result in additional payments becoming due to the Company, (iii) each of
the milestone payments is nonrefundable, (iv) substantial effort is required to complete each milestone, (v) the amount of each
milestone payment is reasonable in relation to the value created in achieving the milestone, (vi) a substantial amount of time
is expected to pass between the upfront payment and the potential milestone payments, and (vii) the milestone payments relate
solely to past performance. Based on the foregoing, the Company recognizes any revenue from these milestone payments in the period
in which the underlying triggering event occurs.</font></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</font></p>

<table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%">
<tr style="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <td style="width: 24px; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</font></td>
    <td style="width: 24px; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">(iii)</font></td>
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    Element Arrangements</font></td></tr>
</table>
<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</font></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 0 0.25in; text-align: justify"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">The
Company evaluates multiple element arrangements to determine (1)&#160;the deliverables included in the arrangement and (2)&#160;whether
the individual deliverables represent separate units of accounting or whether they must be accounted for as a combined unit of
accounting. This evaluation involves subjective determinations and requires management to make judgments about the individual
deliverables and whether such deliverables are separate from other aspects of the contractual relationship. Deliverables are considered
separate units of accounting provided that: (i)&#160;the delivered item(s) has value to the customer on a standalone basis and
(ii)&#160;if the arrangement includes a general right of return relative to the delivered item(s), delivery or performance of
the undelivered item(s) is considered probable and substantially within its control. In assessing whether an item under a collaboration
has standalone value, the Company considers factors such as the research, manufacturing, and commercialization capabilities of
the collaboration partner and the availability of the associated expertise in the general marketplace. The Company also considers
whether its collaboration partners can use the other deliverable(s) for their intended purpose without the receipt of the remaining
element(s), whether the value of the deliverable is dependent on the undelivered item(s), and whether there are other vendors
that can provide the undelivered element(s).</font></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</font></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 0 0.25in; text-align: justify"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">The
Company recognizes arrangement consideration allocated to each unit of accounting when all of the revenue recognition criteria
in ASC 606 are satisfied for that particular unit of accounting. In the event that a deliverable does not represent a separate
unit of accounting, the Company recognizes revenue from the combined unit of accounting over the Company's contractual or
estimated performance period for the undelivered elements, which is typically the term of the Company's research and development
obligations. If there is no discernible pattern of performance or objectively measurable performance measures do not exist, then
the Company recognizes revenue under the arrangement on a straight-line basis over the period the Company is expected to complete
its performance obligations. Conversely, if the pattern of performance in which the service is provided to the customer can be
determined and objectively measurable performance measures exist, then the Company recognizes revenue under the arrangement using
the proportional performance method. Revenue recognized is limited to the lesser of the cumulative amount of payments received
or the cumulative amount of revenue earned, as determined using the straight-line method or proportional performance method, as
applicable, as of the period ending date.</font></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</font></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 0 0.25in; text-align: justify"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">At
the inception of an arrangement that includes milestone payments, the Company evaluates whether each milestone is substantive
and at risk to both parties on the basis of the contingent nature of the milestone. This evaluation includes an assessment of
whether: (1)&#160;the consideration is commensurate with either the Company's performance to achieve the milestone or the
enhancement of the value of the delivered item(s) as a result of a specific outcome resulting from its performance to achieve
the milestone, (2)&#160;the consideration relates solely to past performance and (3)&#160;the consideration is reasonable relative
to all of the deliverables and payment terms within the arrangement. The Company evaluates factors such as the scientific, clinical,
regulatory, commercial, and other risks that must be overcome to achieve the particular milestone and the level of effort and
investment required to achieve the particular milestone in making this assessment. There is considerable judgment involved in
determining whether a milestone satisfies all of the criteria required to conclude that a milestone is substantive. Milestones
that are not considered substantive are recognized as earned if there are no remaining performance obligations or over the remaining
period of performance, assuming all other revenue recognition criteria are met.</font></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</font></p>

<table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%">
<tr style="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <td style="width: 24px; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</font></td>
    <td style="width: 24px; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">(iv)</font></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Royalties
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</table>
<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</font></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 0 0.25in; text-align: justify"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Under
the collaborative agreement with the collaboration partners, the Company is entitled to receive royalties on sales of products,
which is at certain percentage of the net sales. The Company recognizes revenue from these events based on the revenue recognition
criteria set forth in ASC 606. Based on those criteria, the Company considers these payments to be contingent revenues, and recognizes
them as revenue in the period in which the applicable contingency is resolved.</font></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</font></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><u>Receivable
from Collaboration Partners</u></font></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</font></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Receivable
from collaboration partners is stated at carrying value less estimates made for doubtful receivables. An allowance for impairment
of receivable from collaboration partners is established if the collection of a receivable becomes doubtful. Such receivable becomes
doubtful when there is objective evidence that the Company will not be able to collect all amounts due according to the original
terms of the receivables. Significant financial difficulties of the debtor, probability that the debtor will enter into bankruptcy
or financial reorganization, and default or delinquency in payments are considered indicators that the receivable is impaired.
The amount of the allowance is the difference between the asset's carrying amount and the present value of estimated future
cash flows, discounted at the original effective interest rate.</font></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</font></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><u>Long-term
Equity Investment</u>&#160;</font></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</font></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">The
Company acquires the equity investments to promote business and strategic objectives. The Company accounts for non-marketable
equity and other equity investments for which the Company does not have control over the investees as:</font></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</font></p>

<table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
<tr style="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <td style="width: 24px; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</font></td>
    <td style="width: 24px; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#9679;</font></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Equity
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    Its proportionate share of the income or loss is recognized monthly and is recorded in gains (losses) on equity investments.</font></td></tr>

<tr style="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</td>
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<tr style="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
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    <td style="width: 24px; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#9679;</font></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Non-marketable
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</table>
<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;&#160;</font></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Significant
judgment is required to identify whether an impairment exists in the valuation of the Company's non-marketable equity investments,
and therefore the Company considers this a critical accounting estimate. Its yearly analysis considers both qualitative and quantitative
factors that may have a significant impact on the investee's fair value. Qualitative analysis of its investments involves
understanding the financial performance and near-term prospects of the investee, changes in general market conditions in the investee's
industry or geographic area, and the management and governance structure of the investee. Quantitative assessments of the fair
value of its investments are developed using the market and income approaches. The market approach includes the use of comparable
financial metrics of private and public companies and recent financing rounds. The income approach includes the use of a discounted
cash flow model, which requires significant estimates regarding the investees' revenue, costs, and discount rates. The Company's
assessment of these factors in determining whether an impairment exists could change in the future due to new developments or
changes in applied assumptions.</font></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</font></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><u>Other-Than-Temporary
Impairment</u></font></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><b><i>&#160;</i></b></font></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">The
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    value in the foreseeable future. The Company also considers specific adverse conditions related to the financial health of,
    and the business outlook for, the investee, which may include industry and sector performance, changes in technology, operational
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guidance provides that absent alternative future uses the acquisition of product rights to be used in research and development
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such expense in the consolidated financial statements on a straight-line basis over the requisite service period in accordance
with FASB ASC Topic 718 "Compensation-Stock Compensation". Total employee stock-based compensation expenses were $0
for the years ended December 31, 2018 and 2017.</font></p>

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Compensation" and FASB ASC Topic 505-50 "Equity-Based Payments to Non-Employees" which requires that the cost
of services received from non-employees is measured at fair value at the earlier of the performance commitment date or the date
service is completed and recognized over the period the service is provided. Total non-employee stock-based compensation expenses
were $28,800 and $155,400 for the years ended December 31, 2018 and 2017, respectively.</font></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</font></p>

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<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><b><i>&#160;</i></b></font></p>

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conversion feature exists on the date a convertible note is issued when the fair value of the underlying common stock to which
the note is convertible into is in excess of the remaining unallocated proceeds of the note after first considering the allocation
of a portion of the note proceeds to the fair value of the warrants, if related warrants have been granted. The intrinsic value
of the beneficial conversion feature is recorded as a debt discount with a corresponding amount to additional paid in capital.
The debt discount is amortized to interest expense over the life of the note using the effective interest method.</font></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</font></p>

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tax assets to be based upon the likelihood of realization of tax benefits in future years. Under the asset and liability approach,
deferred taxes are provided for the net tax effects of temporary differences between the carrying amounts of assets and liabilities
for financial reporting purposes and the amounts used for income tax purposes. A valuation allowance is provided for deferred
tax assets if it is more likely than not these items will expire before the Company is able to realize their benefits, or future
deductibility is uncertain.</font></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</font></p>

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would be sustained in a tax examination, with a tax examination being presumed to occur. The evaluation of a tax position is a
two-step process. The first step is to determine whether it is more-likely-than-not that a tax position will be sustained upon
examination, including the resolution of any related appeals or litigations based on the technical merits of that position. The
second step is to measure a tax position that meets the more-likely-than-not threshold to determine the amount of benefits recognized
in the financial statements. A tax position is measured at the largest amount of benefit that is greater than 50 percent likely
of being realized upon ultimate settlement. Tax positions that previously failed to meet the more-likely-than-not recognition
threshold should be recognized in the first subsequent period in which the threshold is met. Previously recognized tax positions
that no longer meet the more-likely-than-not criteria should be de-recognized in the first subsequent financial reporting period
in which the threshold is no longer satisfied. Penalties and interest incurred related to underpayment of income tax are classified
as income tax expense in the year incurred. No significant penalty or interest relating to income taxes has been incurred for
the years ended December 31, 2018 and 2017. GAAP also provides guidance on de-recognition, classification, interest and penalties,
accounting in interim periods, disclosures and transition.</font></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</font></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; background-color: white">On
December 22, 2017, the SEC issued Staff Accounting Bulletin ("SAB 118"), which provides guidance on accounting for
tax effects of the Tax Act. SAB 118 provides a measurement period that should not extend beyond one year from the Tax Act enactment
date for companies to complete the accounting under ASC 740. In accordance with SAB 118, a company must reflect the income tax
effects of those aspects of the Act for which the accounting under ASC 740 is complete. To the extent that a company's accounting
for certain income tax effects of the Tax Act is incomplete but it is able to determine a reasonable estimate, it must record
a provisional estimate to be included in the financial statements. If a company cannot determine a provisional estimate to be
included in the financial statements, it should continue to apply ASC 740 on the basis of the provision of the tax laws that were
in effect immediately before the enactment of the Tax Act. While the Company is able to make reasonable estimates of the impact
of the reduction in corporate rate and the deemed repatriation transition tax, the final impact of the Tax Act may differ from
these estimates, due to, among other things, changes in our interpretations and assumptions, additional guidance that may be issued
by the I.R.S., and actions we may take. The Company is continuing to gather additional information to determine the final impact.</font></p>

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<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">For
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<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">&#160;</p>

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Company calculates net loss per share in accordance with ASC Topic 260, "Earnings per Share". Basic loss per share
is computed by dividing the net loss by the weighted average number of common shares outstanding during the period. Diluted loss
per share is computed similar to basic loss per share except that the denominator is increased to include the number of additional
common shares that would have been outstanding if the potential common stock equivalents had been issued and if the additional
common shares were dilutive. Diluted earnings per share excludes all dilutive potential shares if their effect is anti-dilutive.</font></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</font></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><u>Commitments
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<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</font></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">The
Company has adopted ASC Topic 450 "Contingencies" subtopic 20, in determining its accruals and disclosures with respect
to loss contingencies. Accordingly, estimated losses from loss contingencies are accrued by a charge to income when information
available before financial statements are issued or are available to be issued indicates that it is probable that an assets had
been impaired or a liability had been incurred at the date of the financial statements and the amount of the loss can be reasonably
estimated. Legal expenses associated with the contingency are expensed as incurred. If a loss contingency is not probable or reasonably
estimable, disclosure of the loss contingency is made in the financial statements when it is at least reasonably possible that
a material loss could be incurred.</font></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</font></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><u>Recent
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<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</font></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">In
February 2016, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (the "FASB") issued ASU 2016-02, Leases (ASC 842), which was
amended by ASU 2018-11, Leases (ASC 842): Targeted Improvements. The new guidance requires lessee recognition on the balance sheet
of a right-of-use (ROU) asset and a lease liability, initially measured at the present value of the lease payments. It further
requires recognition in the income statement of a single lease cost, calculated so that the cost of the lease is allocated over
the lease term generally on a straight-line basis. Finally, it requires classification of all cash payments within operating activities
in the statement of cash flows. The standard is effective for public companies for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2018
and early adoption is permitted. The standard requires a transition adoption election using either 1) a modified retrospective
approach with periods prior to the adoption date being recast or 2) a prospective adoption approach with a cumulative-effect adjustment
recognized to the opening balance of retained earnings on the adoption date with prior periods not recast. The Company anticipates
adopting this standard with an effective date of January 1, 2019 using the prospective adoption approach. The Company has evaluated
the changes from this standard to its future financial reporting and disclosures, and has designed and implemented related processes
and controls to address these changes. The Company believes the most significant effects relate to (1) the recognition of new
ROU assets and lease liabilities on its balance sheet for its office operating lease; and (2) providing significant new disclosures
about its leasing activities related to the amount, timing and uncertainty of cash flows arising from leases. The Company is continuing
its assessment, which may identify additional impacts this guidance will have on its financial statements and disclosures.</font></p>

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<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">On
December 22, 2017, the SEC issued Staff Accounting Bulletin ("SAB 118"), which provides guidance on accounting for
tax effects of the Tax Act. SAB 118 provides a measurement period that should not extend beyond one year from the Tax Act enactment
date for companies to complete the accounting under ASC 740. In accordance with SAB 118, a company must reflect the income tax
effects of those aspects of the Act for which the accounting under ASC 740 is complete.&#160;<font style="background-color: white">In
March 2018, the FASB issued ASU 2018-05, Amendments to SEC Paragraphs Pursuant to SEC Staff Accounting Bulletin No. 118 (SEC Update),
Income Taxes (Topic 740). ASU 2018-05 provides guidance regarding the recording of tax impacts where uncertainty exists, in the
period of adoption of the 2017 U.S. Tax Cuts and Jobs Act (the "2017 Tax Act").</font>To the extent that a company's
accounting for certain income tax effects of the Tax Act is incomplete but it is able to determine a reasonable estimate, it must
record a provisional estimate to be included in the financial statements. If a company cannot determine a provisional estimate
to be included in the financial statements, it should continue to apply ASC 740 on the basis of the provision of the tax laws
that were in effect immediately before the enactment of the Tax Act. While the Company is able to make reasonable estimates of
the impact of the reduction in corporate rate and the deemed repatriation transition tax, the final impact of the Tax Act may
differ from these estimates, due to, among other things, changes in its interpretations and assumptions, additional guidance that
may be issued by the I.R.S., and actions that the Company may take. The Company has accounted for the tax effects of the Tax Cuts
and Jobs Act under the guidance of SAB 118, on a provisional basis. The Company's accounting for certain income tax effects
is incomplete, but the Company has determined reasonable estimates for those effects The Company is continuing to gather additional
information to determine the final impact on its condensed consolidated financial statements.</font></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</font></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">In
February 2018, the FASB issued Accounting Standards Update No. 2018-02 ("ASU 2018-02"), Income Statement - Reporting
Comprehensive Income (Topic 220). The guidance in ASU 2018-02 allows an entity to elect to reclassify the stranded tax effects
related to the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act (the Tax Act) of 2017 from accumulated other comprehensive income into retained earnings.
ASU 2018-02 is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2018, with early adoption permitted. The Company is currently
evaluating the effect this standard will have on its condensed consolidated financial statements.</font></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</font></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; background-color: white">In
June 2018, the FASB issued ASU 2018-07, Compensation-Stock Compensation (Topic 718), Improvements to Nonemployee Share-based Payments
("ASU 2018-07"). This ASU expands the scope of Topic 718 to include share-based payment transactions for acquiring
goods and services from nonemployees. The effective date for the standard is for interim periods in fiscal years beginning after
December 15, 2018, with early adoption permitted, but no earlier than the Company's adoption date of Topic 606. U</font><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">nder
the new guidance, the measurement of nonemployee equity awards is fixed on the grant date.&#160;<font style="background-color: white">The
new guidance is required to be applied retrospectively with the cumulative effect recognized at the date of initial application.
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<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">In
August 2018, the FASB issued ASU 2018-13, Fair Value Measurement ("Topic 820"): Disclosure Framework - Changes to
the Disclosure Requirements for Fair Value Measurement ("ASU 2018-13"). The ASU modifies the disclosure requirements
in Topic 820, Fair Value Measurement, by removing certain disclosure requirements related to the fair value hierarchy, modifying
existing disclosure requirements related to measurement uncertainty and adding new disclosure requirements, such as disclosing
the changes in unrealized gains and losses for the period included in other comprehensive income for recurring Level 3 fair value
measurements held at the end of the reporting period and disclosing the range and weighted average of significant unobservable
inputs used to develop Level 3 fair value measurements. This ASU is effective for public companies for annual reporting periods
and interim periods within those annual periods beginning after December 15, 2019. The Company is currently evaluating the effect,
if any, that the ASU 2018-13 will have on its financial statements.&#160;</font></p><span></span>
</td>
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<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The entire disclosure for the business description and accounting policies concepts.  Business description describes the nature and type of organization including but not limited to organizational structure as may be applicable to holding companies, parent and subsidiary relationships, business divisions, business units, business segments, affiliates and information about significant ownership of the reporting entity. Accounting policies describe all significant accounting policies of the reporting entity.</p></div>
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<span style="display: none;">v3.19.2</span><table class="report" border="0" cellspacing="2" id="idp6783799888">
<tr>
<th class="tl" colspan="1" rowspan="2"><div style="width: 200px;"><strong>Going Concern<br></strong></div></th>
<th class="th" colspan="1">3 Months Ended</th>
<th class="th" colspan="1">12 Months Ended</th>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="th"><div>Mar. 31, 2019</div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Dec. 31, 2018</div></th>
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<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_abvcd_GoingConcernAbstract', window );"><strong>Going Concern [Abstract]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
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<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_abvcd_GoingConcernDisclosureTextBlock', window );">GOING CONCERN</a></td>
<td class="text"><p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><b>3.
GOING CONCERN</b></font></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</font></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">The
accompanying consolidated financial statements have been prepared assuming the Company will continue as a going concern. The Company
has incurred losses since its inception resulting in an accumulated deficit of $13,001,117 and $12,209,446 as of March 31, 2019
and December 31, 2018, respectively, and incurred net loss of $873,317 and $713,622 for the three months ended March 31, 2019
and 2018, respectively. The Company also had working capital deficiency of $10,907,973 and $10,421,310 at March 31, 2019 and December
31, 2018, respectively. The ability to continue as a going concern is dependent upon the Company generating profitable operations
in the future and/or obtaining the necessary financing to meet its obligations and repay its liabilities arising from normal business
operations when they become due. These consolidated financial statements do not include any adjustments to the recoverability
and classification of recorded asset amounts and classification of liabilities that might be necessary should the Company upon
signing of that agreement.</font></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</font></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; background-color: white">In
order to continue as a going concern, the Company will need, among other things, additional capital resources. Management's
plans to obtain such resources for the Company include&#160;(1) obtaining capital from the sale of its equity securities (2) short-term
and long-term borrowings from banks and third-parties, and (3) short-term borrowings from stockholders or other related party(ies)
when needed. However, management cannot provide any assurance that the Company will be successful in accomplishing any of its
plans.</font></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</font></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; background-color: white">The
ability of the Company to continue as a going concern is dependent upon its ability to successfully accomplish the plans described
in the preceding paragraph and eventually to secure other sources of financing and attain profitable operations.</font></p><span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"><p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><b>3.
GOING CONCERN</b></font></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</font></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">The
accompanying consolidated financial statements have been prepared assuming the Company will continue as a going concern. The Company
has incurred losses since its inception resulting in an accumulated deficit of $19,877,901 and $15,776,598 as of December 31,
2018 and 2017, respectively, and incurred net loss of $4,101,303 and $4,242,860 for the years ended December 31, 2018 and 2017,
respectively. The Company also had working capital deficiency of $5,471,951 and $1,756,915 at December 31, 2018 and 2017, respectively.
The ability to continue as a going concern is dependent upon the Company generating profitable operations in the future and/or
obtaining the necessary financing to meet its obligations and repay its liabilities arising from normal business operations when
they become due. These consolidated financial statements do not include any adjustments to the recoverability and classification
of recorded asset amounts and classification of liabilities that might be necessary should the Company upon signing of that agreement.</font></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</font></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; background-color: white">In
order to continue as a going concern, the Company will need, among other things, additional capital resources. Management's
plans to obtain such resources for the Company include&#160;(1) obtaining capital from the sale of its equity securities (2) short-term
and long-term borrowings from banks and third-parties, and (3) short-term borrowings from stockholders or other related party(ies)
when needed. However, management cannot provide any assurance that the Company will be successful in accomplishing any of its
plans.</font></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</font></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; background-color: white">The
ability of the Company to continue as a going concern is dependent upon its ability to successfully accomplish the plans described
in the preceding paragraph and eventually to secure other sources of financing and attain profitable operations.</font></p><span></span>
</td>
</tr>
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<span style="display: none;">v3.19.2</span><table class="report" border="0" cellspacing="2" id="idp6783777808">
<tr>
<th class="tl" colspan="1" rowspan="2"><div style="width: 200px;"><strong>Collaborative Agreements<br></strong></div></th>
<th class="th" colspan="1">3 Months Ended</th>
<th class="th" colspan="1">12 Months Ended</th>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="th"><div>Mar. 31, 2019</div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Dec. 31, 2018</div></th>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_abvcd_CollaborativeAgreementsAbstract', window );"><strong>Collaborative Agreements [Abstract]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_CollaborativeArrangementDisclosureTextBlock', window );">COLLABORATIVE AGREEMENTS</a></td>
<td class="text"><p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><b>4.
COLLABORATIVE AGREEMENTS</b></font></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><b>&#160;</b></font></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><b><u>Collaborative
agreements with BHK</u></b></font></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</font></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">(i)
On February 24, 2015, BioLite Taiwan and BioHopeKing Corporation (the "BHK") entered into a co-development agreement,
(the "BHK Co-Development Agreement"), pursuant to which it is collaborative with BHK to develop and commercialize
BLI-1401-2 (Botanical Drug) Triple Negative Breast Cancer (TNBC) Combination Therapy (BLI-1401-2 Products) in Asian countries
excluding Japan for all related intellectual property rights, and has developed it for medicinal use in collaboration with outside
researchers. The development costs shall be shared 50/50 between BHK and the Company. The BHK Co-Development Agreement will remain
in effect for fifteen years from the date of first commercial sale of the Product in in Asia excluding Japan.</font></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</font></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">On
July 27, 2016, BioLite Taiwan and BHK agreed to amend the payment terms of the milestone payment in an aggregate amount of $10
million based on the following schedule:</font></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</font></p>

<table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%">
<tr style="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <td style="width: 24px; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</font></td>
    <td style="width: 24px; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#9679;</font></td>
    <td style="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Upon
    the signing of the BHK Co-Development Agreement: $1 million, or 10% of total payment</font></td></tr>
</table>
<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</font></p>

<table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
<tr style="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <td style="width: 24px; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</font></td>
    <td style="width: 24px; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#9679;</font></td>
    <td style="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Upon
    the first Investigational New Drug (IND) submission and BioLite Taiwan will deliver all data to BHK according to FDA Reviewing
    requirement: $1 million, or 10% of total payment</font></td></tr>
</table>
<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</font></p>

<table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%">
<tr style="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <td style="width: 24px; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</font></td>
    <td style="width: 24px; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#9679;</font></td>
    <td style="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">At
    the completion of first phase II clinical trial: $1 million, or 10% of total payment</font></td></tr>
</table>
<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</font></p>

<table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%">
<tr style="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <td style="width: 24px; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</font></td>
    <td style="width: 24px; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#9679;</font></td>
    <td style="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">At
    the initiation of phase III of clinical trial research: $3 million, or 30% of total payment</font></td></tr>
</table>
<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</font></p>

<table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%">
<tr style="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <td style="width: 24px; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</font></td>
    <td style="width: 24px; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#9679;</font></td>
    <td style="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Upon
    the New Drug Application (NDA) submission: $4 million, or 40% of total payment</font></td></tr>
</table>
<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</font></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">In
December 2015, BHK has paid a non-refundable upfront cash payment of $1 million, or 10% of $10,000,000, upon the signing of BHK
Co-Development Agreement. The Company concluded that the deliverables are considered separate units of accounting as the delivered
items have value to the customer on a standalone basis and recognized this cash receipt as collaboration revenue when all research,
technical, and development data was delivered to BHK in 2015. The receipt is for the compensation of past research efforts and
contributions made by BioLite Taiwan before this collaborative agreement was signed and it does not relate to any future commitments
made by BioLite Taiwan and BHK in this collaborative agreement. In August 2016, the Company has received the second milestone
payment of NT$31,649,000, approximately equivalent to $1 million, and recognized collaboration revenue for the year ended December
31, 2016. As of the date of this prospectus, the Company has not completed the first phase II clinical trial.</font></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</font></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">In
addition to the milestone payments, BioLite Taiwan is entitled to receive royalty on 12% of BHK's net sales related to BLI-1401-2
Products. As of March 31, 2019 and December 31, 2018, the Company has not earned the royalty under the BHK Co-Development Agreement.</font></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</font></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">(ii)
On December 9, 2015, BioLite Taiwan entered into another two collaborative agreements (the "BHK Collaborative Agreements"),
pursuant to which it is collaborative with BHK to co-develop and commercialize BLI-1005 for "Targeting Major Depressive
Disorder" (BLI-1005 Products) and BLI-1006 for "Targeting Inflammatory Bowel Disease" (BLI-1006 Products) in
Asia excluding Japan for all related intellectual property rights, and has developed it for medicinal use in collaboration with
outside researchers. The development costs shall be shared 50/50 between BHK and the Company. The BHK Co-Development Agreement
will remain in effect for fifteen years from the date of first commercial sale of the Product in in Asia excluding Japan.</font></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</font></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">In
2015, the Company recognized the cash receipt in a total of NT$50 million, approximately equivalent to $1.6 million, as collaboration
revenue when all research, technical, and development data was delivered to BHK. The Company concluded that the deliverables are
considered separate units of accounting as the delivered items have value to the customer on a standalone basis and recognized
this payment as collaboration revenue when all research, technical, data and development data was delivered to BHK. The cash receipt
is for the compensation of past research efforts and contributions made by BioLite Taiwan before this BHK Collaborative Agreements
was signed and it does not relate to any future commitments made by BioLite Taiwan and BHK in this BHK Collaborative Agreements.</font></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</font></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">In
addition to the total of NT$50 million, approximately equivalent to $1.60 million, BioLite Taiwan is entitled to receive 50% of
the future net licensing income or net sales profit. As of March 31, 2019 and December 31, 2018, the Company has not earned the
royalty under the BHK Collaborative Agreements.</font></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><b>&#160;</b></font></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><b><u>Co-Development
agreement with Rgene Corporation, a related party</u></b></font></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</font></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">On
May 26, 2017, American BriVision Corporation entered into a co-development agreement (the "Co-Dev Agreement") with
Rgene Corporation (the "Rgene"), a related party under common control by controlling beneficiary shareholder of YuanGene
Corporation and the Company (See Note 8). Pursuant to Co-Dev Agreement, BriVision and Rgene agreed to co-develop and commercialize
certain products that are included in the Sixth Product as defined in the Addendum. Under the terms of the Co-Dev Agreement, Rgene
should pay the Company $3,000,000 in cash or stock of Rgene with equivalent value by August 15, 2017. The payment is for the compensation
of BriVision's past research efforts and contributions made by BriVision before the Co-Dev Agreement was signed and it does
not relate to any future commitments made by BriVision and Rgene in this Co-Dev Agreement. Besides of $3,000,000, the Company
is entitled to receive 50% of the future net licensing income or net sales profit earned by Rgene, if any, and any development
cost shall be equally shared by both BriVision and Rgene.</font></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</font></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">On
June 1, 2017, the Company has delivered all research, technical, data and development data to Rgene. Since both Rgene and the
Company are related parties and under common control by a controlling beneficiary shareholder of Yuangene Corporation and the
Company, the Company has recorded the full amount of $3,000,000 in connection with the Co-Dev Agreement as additional paid-in
capital during the year ended September 30, 2017. During the year ended December 31, 2017, the Company has received $450,000 in
cash. On December 24, 2018, the Company received the remaining balance of $2,550,000 in the form of newly issued shares of Rgene's
Common Stock, at the price of NT$50 (approximately equivalent to $1.60 per share), for an aggregate number of 1,530,000 shares,
which accounted for equity method long-term investment as of December 31, 2018. During the year ended December 31, 2018, the Company
has recognized investment loss of $549. On December 31, 2018, the Company has determined to fully write off this investment based
on the Company's assessment of the severity and duration of the impairment, and qualitative and quantitative analysis of
the operating performance of the investee, adverse changes in market conditions and the regulatory or economic environment, changes
in operating structure of Rgene, additional funding requirements, and Rgene's ability to remain in business. However, all
projects that have been initiated and scheduled will be continuously managed and supported by the Company and Rgene.</font></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</font></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><b><u>Collaborative
agreement with BioFirst Corporation, a related party</u></b></font></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</font></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">On
July 24, 2017, American BriVision Corporation entered into a collaborative agreement (the "BioFirst Collaborative Agreement")
with BioFirst Corporation ("BioFirst"), pursuant to which BioFirst granted the Company the global licensing right
for medical use of the product (the "Product"): BFC-1401 Vitreous Substitute for Vitrectomy. BioFirst is a related
party to the Company because a controlling beneficiary shareholder of Yuangene Corporation and the Company is one of the directors
and Common Stock shareholders of BioFirst (See Note 11).</font></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</font></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Pursuant
to the BioFirst Collaborative Agreement, the Company will co-develop and commercialize the Product with BioFirst and pay BioFirst
in a total amount of $3,000,000 in cash or stock of the Company before September 30, 2018. The amount of $3,000,000 is in connection
with the compensation for BioFirst's past research efforts and contributions made by BioFirst before the BioFirst Collaborative
Agreement was signed and it does not relate to any future commitments made by BioFirst and BriVision in this BioFirst Collaborative
Agreement. In addition, the Company is entitled to receive 50% of the future net licensing income or net sales profit, if any,
and any development cost shall be equally shared by both BriVision and BioFirst.</font></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</font></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">On
September 25, 2017, BioFirst has delivered all research, technical data and development data to BriVision. No payment has been
made by the Company as of the date of this prospectus. The Company determined to fully expense the entire amount of $3,000,000
since currently the related licensing rights do not have alternative future uses. According to ASC 730-10-25-1, absent alternative
future uses the acquisition of product rights to be used in research and development activities must be charged to research and
development expenses immediately. Hence, the entire amount of $3,000,000 is fully expensed as research and development expense
during the year ended September 30, 2017.</font></p><span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"><p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><b>4.&#160;COLLABORATIVE
AGREEMENTS</b></font></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><b>&#160;</b></font></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><b><u>Collaborative
agreement with BioLite Inc., a related party</u></b></font></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><b>&#160;</b></font></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">On
December 29, 2015, American BriVision Corporation entered into a collaborative agreement (the "BioLite Collaborative Agreement")
with BioLite Inc. (the "BioLite"), a related party (See Note 8), pursuant to which BioLite granted BriVision sole
licensing rights for drug and therapeutic use of five products, including BLI-1005 CNS-Major Depressive Disorder, BLI-1008 CNS-Attention
Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder, BLI-1401-1 Anti-Tumor Combination Therapy-Solid Tumor with Anti-PD-1, BLI-1401-2 Anti-Tumor Combination
Therapy-Triple Negative Breast Cancer, and BLI-1501 Hematology-Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia, in the U.S.A and Canada. Under the
BioLite Collaborative Agreement, BriVision should pay a total of $100,000,000 in cash or stock of BriVision with equivalent value,
according to the following schedule:</font></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</font></p>

<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0; width: 100%"><tr style="vertical-align: top; text-align: justify">
<td style="width: 0.25in"></td><td style="width: 0.25in; text-align: left"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#9679;</font></td><td style="text-align: justify"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">upfront
                                         payment shall upon the signing of this BioLite Collaborative Agreement: 3.5% of total
                                         payment. After receiving upfront payment from BriVision, BioLite has to deliver all data
                                         to BriVision in one week.</font></td>
</tr>     <tr style="vertical-align: top; text-align: justify">
<td>&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: justify">&#160;</td></tr>
</table>

<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0; width: 100%"><tr style="vertical-align: top; text-align: justify">
<td style="width: 0.25in"></td><td style="width: 0.25in; text-align: left"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#9679;</font></td><td style="text-align: justify"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">upon
                                         the first IND submission, BriVision shall pay, but no later than December 15, 2016: 6.5%
                                         of total payment. After receiving second payment from BriVision, BioLite has to deliver
                                         IND package to BriVision in one week.</font></td>
</tr>     <tr style="vertical-align: top; text-align: justify">
<td>&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: justify">&#160;</td></tr>
</table>

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<td style="width: 0.25in"></td><td style="width: 0.25in; text-align: left"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#9679;</font></td><td style="text-align: justify"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">at
                                                                                                                                                                               the completion of first phase II clinical trial, BriVision shall pay: 15% of total payment. After receiving third payment from
                                                                                                                                                                               BriVision,                                          BioLite has to deliver phase II clinical study report to BriVision in
                                                                                                                                                                               three months.</font></td>
</tr>     <tr style="vertical-align: top; text-align: justify">
<td>&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: justify">&#160;</td></tr>
</table>

<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0; width: 100%"><tr style="vertical-align: top; text-align: justify">
<td style="width: 0.25in"></td><td style="width: 0.25in; text-align: left"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#9679;</font></td><td style="text-align: justify"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">upon
                                                                                                                                                                               the phase III IND submission, BriVision shall pay: 20% of total payment. After receiving forth payment from BriVision, BioLite
                                                                                                                                                                               has to deliver                                          IND package to BriVision in one week.</font></td>
</tr>     <tr style="vertical-align: top; text-align: justify">
<td>&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: justify">&#160;</td></tr>
</table>

<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0; width: 100%"><tr style="vertical-align: top; text-align: justify">
<td style="width: 0.25in"></td><td style="width: 0.25in; text-align: left"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#9679;</font></td><td style="text-align: justify"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">at
                                         the completion of phase III, BriVision shall pay: 25%
                                         of total payment. After receiving fifth payment from BriVision, BioLite has to deliver
                                         phase III clinical study report to BriVision in three months.</font></td>
</tr>     <tr style="vertical-align: top; text-align: justify">
<td>&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: justify">&#160;</td></tr>
</table>

<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0; width: 100%"><tr style="vertical-align: top; text-align: justify">
<td style="width: 0.25in"></td><td style="width: 0.25in; text-align: left"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#9679;</font></td><td style="text-align: justify"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">upon
                                         the NDA submission, BriVision shall pay BriVision
                                         shall pay: 30% of total payment. After receiving sixth payment from BriVision, BioLite
                                         has to deliver NDA package to BriVision in one week.</font></td>
</tr></table>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">This
BioLite Collaborative Agreement shall, once signed by both Parties, remain in effect for fifteen years as of the first commercial
sales of the Product in the Territory and automatically renew for five more years unless either party gives the other party six
month written notice of termination prior to the expiration date of the term.</font></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</font></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Pursuant
to the BioLite Collaborative Agreement, an upfront payment of $3,500,000 (the "Milestone Payment"), which is 3.5%
of total payments due under the BioLite Collaborative Agreement, was to be paid by the Company upon signing of that agreement.
On May 6, 2016, the Company and BioLite agreed to amend the BioLite Collaborative Agreement, through entry into the Milestone
Payment Agreement, whereby the Company agreed to pay the Milestone Payment to BioLite with $2,600,000 in cash and $900,000 in
the form of newly issued shares of its Common Stock, at the price of $1.60 per share, for an aggregate number of 562,500 shares.
The cash payment and shares issuance were completed in June 2016.</font></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</font></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Pursuant
to the BioLite Collaborative Agreement, the 6.5% of total payment, $6,500,000 shall be made upon the first IND submission which
was submitted in March 2016. On February 2017, the Company agreed to pay this amount to BioLite with $650,000 in cash and $5,850,000
in the form of newly issued shares of its Common Stock, at the price of $2.0 per share, for an aggregate number of 2,925,000 shares.
The cash payment and shares issuance were completed in February 2017.</font></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</font></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Pursuant
to the BioLite Collaborative Agreement, the 15% of total payment, $15,000,000 shall be made at the completion of first phase II
clinical trial. As of December 31, 2018, the first phase II clinical trial research has not completed yet.</font></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</font></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">The
Company determined to fully expense the amount of $10,000,000 since currently the related licensing rights do not have
alternative future uses. According to ASC 730-10-25-1, absent alternative future uses the acquisition of product rights to be
used in research and development activities must be charged to research and development expenses immediately. Hence the entire
amount is fully expensed as research and development expense.</font></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</font></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">On
January 12, 2017, the Company entered into an Addendum (the "Addendum") to the BioLite Collaborative Agreement which
was previously entered into with BioLite. Pursuant to the Addendum, the Company and BioLite agreed to include one more product,
namely, "Maitake Combination Therapy" as one of the Products defined in the BioLite Collaborative Agreement (the "Sixth
Product') and defined the Territory of the Sixth Product to be worldwide and restate the Territory of the Five Products
to be the U.S.A and Canada.</font></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</font></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><b><u>Co-Development
agreement with Rgene Corporation, a related party</u></b></font></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</font></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">On
May 26, 2017, American BriVision Corporation entered into a co-development agreement (the "Co-Dev Agreement") with
Rgene Corporation (the "Rgene"), a related party under common control by controlling beneficiary shareholder of YuanGene
Corporation and the Company (See Note 8). Pursuant to Co-Dev Agreement, BriVision and Rgene agreed to co-develop and commercialize
certain products that are included in the Sixth Product as defined in the Addendum. Under the terms of the Co-Dev Agreement, Rgene
should pay the Company $3,000,000 in cash or stock of Rgene with equivalent value by August 15, 2017. The payment is for the compensation
of BriVision's past research efforts and contributions made by BriVision before the Co-Dev Agreement was signed and it does
not relate to any future commitments made by BriVision and Rgene in this Co-Dev Agreement. Besides of $3,000,000, the Company
is entitled to receive 50% of the future net licensing income or net sales profit earned by Rgene, if any, and any development
cost shall be equally shared by both BriVision and Rgene.</font></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</font></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">On
June 1, 2017, the Company has delivered all research, technical, data and development data to Rgene. Since both Rgene and the
Company are related parties and under common control by a controlling beneficiary shareholder of Yuangene Corporation and the
Company, the Company has recorded the full amount of $3,000,000 in connection with the Co-Dev Agreement as additional paid-in
capital during the year ended September 30, 2017. During the year ended December 31, 2017, the Company has received $450,000 in
cash. On December 24, 2018, the Company received the remaining balance of $2,550,000 in the form of newly issued shares of Rgene's
Common Stock, at the price of NT$50 (approximately equivalent to $1.60 per share), for an aggregate number of 1,530,000 shares,
which accounted for equity method long-term investment as of December 31, 2018. During the year ended December 31, 2018, the Company
has recognized investment loss of $549. On December 31, 2018, the Company has determined to fully write off this investment based
on the Company's assessment of the severity and duration of the impairment, and qualitative and quantitative analysis of
the operating performance of the investee, adverse changes in market conditions and the regulatory or economic environment, changes
in operating structure of Rgene, additional funding requirements, and Rgene's ability to remain in business. However, all
projects that have been initiated and scheduled will be continuously managed and supported by the Company and Rgene (See Note
5).</font></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</font></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"></font></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><b><u>Collaborative
agreement with BioFirst Corporation, a related party</u></b></font></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</font></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">On
July 24, 2017, American BriVision Corporation entered into a collaborative agreement (the "BioFirst Collaborative Agreement")
with BioFirst Corporation ("BioFirst"), pursuant to which BioFirst granted the Company the global licensing right
for medical use of the product (the "Product"): BFC-1401 Vitreous Substitute for Vitrectomy. BioFirst is a related
party to the Company because a controlling beneficiary shareholder of Yuangene Corporation and the Company is one of the directors
and Common Stock shareholders of BioFirst (See Note 8).</font></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</font></p>


<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Pursuant
to the BioFirst Collaborative Agreement, the Company will co-develop and commercialize the Product with BioFirst and pay BioFirst
in a total amount of $3,000,000 in cash or stock of the Company before September 30, 2018. The amount of $3,000,000 is in connection
with the compensation for BioFirst's past research efforts and contributions made by BioFirst before the BioFirst Collaborative
Agreement was signed and it does not relate to any future commitments made by BioFirst and BriVision in this BioFirst Collaborative
Agreement. In addition, the Company is entitled to receive 50% of the future net licensing income or net sales profit, if any,
and any development cost shall be equally shared by both BriVision and BioFirst.</font></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</font></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">On
September 25, 2017, BioFirst has delivered all research, technical, data and development data to BriVision. No payment has been
made by the Company as of the date of this propsectus. The Company determined to fully expense the entire amount of $3,000,000
since currently the related licensing rights do not have alternative future uses. According to ASC 730-10-25-1, absent alternative
future uses the acquisition of product rights to be used in research and development activities must be charged to research and
development expenses immediately. Hence, the entire amount of $3,000,000 is fully expensed as research and development expense
during the year ended September 30, 2017.</font></p><span></span>
</td>
</tr>
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<span style="display: none;">v3.19.2</span><table class="report" border="0" cellspacing="2" id="idp6783794464">
<tr>
<th class="tl" colspan="1" rowspan="2"><div style="width: 200px;"><strong>Inventory<br></strong></div></th>
<th class="th" colspan="1">3 Months Ended</th>
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<tr><th class="th"><div>Mar. 31, 2019</div></th></tr>
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<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><b>5.
INVENTORY</b></font></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 20.8pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -20.8pt"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</font></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 22.9pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -22.9pt"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Inventory
consists of the following:</font></p>

<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
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    <td colspan="2" style="font-weight: bold; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid">December&#160;31,<br /> 2018</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold">&#160;</td></tr>
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    <td>&#160;</td><td style="font-weight: bold">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="2">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="width: 76%">Merchandise</td><td style="width: 1%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">$</td><td style="width: 9%; text-align: right">521</td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="width: 1%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">$</td><td style="width: 9%; text-align: right">1,318</td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
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<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
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<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The entire disclosure for inventory. Includes, but is not limited to, the basis of stating inventory, the method of determining inventory cost, the classes of inventory, and the nature of the cost elements included in inventory.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 330<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/topic&amp;trid=2126998<br></p></div>
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<span style="display: none;">v3.19.2</span><table class="report" border="0" cellspacing="2" id="idp6604706656">
<tr>
<th class="tl" colspan="1" rowspan="2"><div style="width: 200px;"><strong>Property and Equipment<br></strong></div></th>
<th class="th" colspan="1">3 Months Ended</th>
</tr>
<tr><th class="th"><div>Mar. 31, 2019</div></th></tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_PropertyPlantAndEquipmentAbstract', window );"><strong>Property, Plant and Equipment [Abstract]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_PropertyPlantAndEquipmentDisclosureTextBlock', window );">PROPERTY AND EQUIPMENT</a></td>
<td class="text"><p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 23.75pt; text-indent: -23.75pt"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><b>6.
PROPERTY AND EQUIPMENT</b></font></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 23.75pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -23.75pt"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</font></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 23.75pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -23.75pt"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Property
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<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 23.75pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -23.75pt"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</font></p>

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<tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
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    <td colspan="2" style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td></tr>
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    <td style="width: 76%; text-align: justify">Land</td><td style="width: 1%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">$</td><td style="width: 9%; text-align: right">360,081</td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="width: 1%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">$</td><td style="width: 9%; text-align: right">363,416</td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
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    <td style="text-align: justify">Buildings and leasehold improvements</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">2,115,155</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">290,403</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="text-align: justify">Machinery and equipment</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">1,236,493</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">87,356</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
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    <td style="text-align: justify; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">Office equipment</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right">27,178</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right">21,292</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="padding-left: 0.125in">Subtotal</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">3,738,907</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">762,467</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="text-align: justify; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">Less: accumulated depreciation</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right">(3,191,387</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left">)</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right">(252,401</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left">)</td></tr>
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    <td style="text-align: justify; padding-bottom: 4pt">Property and equipment, net</td><td style="padding-bottom: 4pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; text-align: left">$</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; text-align: right">547,520</td><td style="padding-bottom: 4pt; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 4pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; text-align: left">$</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; text-align: right">510,066</td><td style="padding-bottom: 4pt; text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
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<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</font></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Depreciation
expenses were $13,940 and $11,420 for the three months ended March 31, 2019 and 2018, respectively.</font></p><span></span>
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<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The entire disclosure for long-lived, physical assets used in the normal conduct of business and not intended for resale. Includes, but is not limited to, accounting policies and methodology, roll forwards, depreciation, depletion and amortization expense, including composite depreciation, accumulated depreciation, depletion and amortization expense, useful lives and method used, income statement disclosures, assets held for sale and public utility disclosures.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 360<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/topic&amp;trid=2155823<br></p></div>
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<span style="display: none;">v3.19.2</span><table class="report" border="0" cellspacing="2" id="idp6654274192">
<tr>
<th class="tl" colspan="1" rowspan="2"><div style="width: 200px;"><strong>Long-Term Investments<br></strong></div></th>
<th class="th" colspan="1">3 Months Ended</th>
<th class="th" colspan="1">12 Months Ended</th>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="th"><div>Mar. 31, 2019</div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Dec. 31, 2018</div></th>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_abvcd_LongtermInvestmentAbstract', window );"><strong>Long-Term Investment [Abstract]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
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<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
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<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_abvcd_LongTermInvestmentTextBlock', window );">LONG-TERM INVESTMENTS</a></td>
<td class="text"><p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 23.75pt; text-indent: -23.75pt"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><b>7.
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<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.25in">&#160;</p>

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    <td style="width: 61%; text-align: left">Braingenesis Biotechnology Co., Ltd.</td><td style="width: 1%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="width: 9%; text-align: right">0.17</td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">%</td><td style="width: 1%">&#160;</td>
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<tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
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</table>



<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.25in"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</font></p>

<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0; width: 100%"><tr style="vertical-align: top; text-align: justify">
<td style="width: 0"></td><td style="width: 0.25in; text-align: left"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">(2)</font></td><td style="text-align: justify"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">The
extent the investee relies on the company for its business are summarized as follows:</font></td>
</tr></table>

<p style="margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0">&#160;</p>

<table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse">
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
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<tr style="background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
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<tr style="background-color: White">
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<tr style="background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
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<tr style="background-color: White">
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<tr style="background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
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    </tr>
</table>


<p style="margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0">&#160;</p>

<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0; width: 100%"><tr style="vertical-align: top; text-align: justify">
<td style="width: 0"></td><td style="width: 0.25in; text-align: left"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">(3)</font></td><td style="text-align: justify"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Long-term
investment mainly consists of the following:</font></td>
</tr></table>
<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</font></p>

<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
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<tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
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<tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
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<tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
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<tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
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<tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
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<tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
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<tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
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    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
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<tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
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<tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; padding-left: 0.125in">Rgene Corporation</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&#160;</td>
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<tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
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</table>


<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&#160;</p>

<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0; width: 100%"><tr style="vertical-align: top; text-align: justify">
<td style="width: 0"></td><td style="width: 0.25in; text-align: left"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">(a)</font></td><td style="text-align: justify"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">BioFirst
Corporation (the &#8220;BioFirst):</font></td>
</tr></table>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.25in; text-align: justify">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.25in; text-align: justify"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">The
Company holds an equity interest in BioFirst Corporation, (the &#8220;BioFirst&#8221;), accounting for its equity interest using
the equity method to accounts for its equity investment as prescribed in ASC 323, Investments&#8212;Equity Method and Joint Ventures
(&#8220;ASC 323&#8221;). Equity method adjustments include the Company&#8217;s proportionate share of investee&#8217;s income
or loss and other adjustments required by the equity method. As of March 31, 2019 and December 31, 2018, the Company owns 16.14%
and 15.84% common stock shares of BioFirst, respectively.</font></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</font></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Summarized financial information for the Company&#8217;s equity method investee, BioFirst, is as follows:</font></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><i>Balance
Sheet</i></font></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</font></p>

<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td>&#160;</td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&#160;</td>
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<tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
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<tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
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<tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
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<tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
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<tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
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<tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
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</table>


<p style="margin: 0">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0; margin-left: 0; text-indent: 0; text-align: justify"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><i>Statement
of operation</i></font></p>

<p style="margin: 0">&#160;</p>

<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
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<tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td>&#160;</td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&#160;</td>
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<tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
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<tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
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<tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
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<tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
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<tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
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</table>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</font></p>

<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0; width: 100%"><tr style="vertical-align: top; text-align: justify">
<td style="width: 0"></td><td style="width: 0.25in; text-align: left"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">(b)</font></td><td style="text-align: justify"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Rgene
Corporation (the &#8220;Rgene&#8221;)</font></td>
</tr></table>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.25in; text-align: justify"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</font></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.25in; text-align: justify"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Both
Rgene and the Company are under common control by Dr. Tsung-Shann Jiang, the CEO and chairman of the Company. Since Dr. Tsung-Shann
Jiang is able to exercise significant influence, but not control, over the Rgene, the Company determined to use the equity method
to accounts for its equity investment as prescribed in ASC 323, Investments&#8212;Equity Method and Joint Ventures (&#8220;ASC
323&#8221;). Equity method adjustments include the Company&#8217;s proportionate share of investee&#8217;s income or loss and
other adjustments required by the equity method. As of March 31, 2019 and December 31, 2018, the Company owns 31.63% and 31.62%
Common Stock shares of Rgene, respectively.</font></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.25in; text-align: justify">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.25in; text-align: justify"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Summarized
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<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</font></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.25in; text-align: justify"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><i>Balance
Sheets</i></font></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</font></p>

<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
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<tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
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<tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
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<tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
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<tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
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<tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
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<tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
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</table>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</font></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.25in; text-align: justify"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><i>Statement
of operations</i></font></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</font></p>

<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td>&#160;</td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&#160;</td>
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<tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td>&#160;</td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&#160;</td>
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<tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
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<tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
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    <td style="text-align: left">$</td><td style="text-align: right">-</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
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<tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
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<tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
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    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">-</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
</table>

<p style="margin: 0">&#160;</p>

<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0; width: 100%"><tr style="vertical-align: top; text-align: justify">
<td style="width: 0"></td><td style="width: 0.25in; text-align: left"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">(4)</font></td><td style="text-align: justify"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Disposition
of long-term investment</font></td>
</tr></table>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0; margin-left: 0; text-indent: 0; text-align: justify">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.25in; text-align: justify"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">During
the year ended December 31, 2018, the Company sold 552,000 shares of common stock of BioHopeKing Corporation (the &#8220;BHK&#8221;)
at prices ranging from NT$25, equivalent $0.82, to NT$32, equivalent $1.05, to two directors of BHK and 25 individuals. As a result
of the transactions, the Company recognized investment loss of $395,476 for the same period.</font></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.25in; text-align: justify"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</font></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.25in; text-align: justify"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">On
October 15, 2018 and November 2, 2018, the Company subsequently purchased an aggregate of 200,000 and 366,200 shares of common
stock of BHK at NT$10, equivalent to $0.33, and NT$50, equivalent $1.64, from one of directors of BHK and eleven shareholders
of BHK, respectively. The percentage of ownership accordingly increased to 7.13% as of March 31, 2019 and December 31, 2018.</font></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&#160;</p>

<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0; width: 100%"><tr style="vertical-align: top; text-align: justify">
<td style="width: 0"></td><td style="width: 0.25in; text-align: left"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">(5)</font></td><td style="text-align: justify"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Losses
on Equity Investments</font></td>
</tr></table>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</font></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">The
components of losses on equity investments for each period were as follows:</font></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&#160;</p>

<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&#160;</td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="6" style="font-weight: bold; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid">Three Months Ended <br />
Mar&#160;31,</td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&#160;</td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td>&#160;</td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="font-weight: bold; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid">2019</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold">&#160;</td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&#160;</td>
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<tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td>&#160;</td><td style="font-weight: bold">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="6" style="font-weight: bold; text-align: center">(Unaudited)</td><td style="font-weight: bold">&#160;</td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
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    <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">$</td><td style="width: 9%; text-align: right">(38,567</td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">)</td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
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<tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
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</td>
<td class="text"><p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 0"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><b>5.
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<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</font></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">On
December 24, 2018, the Company received the remaining balance of $2,550,000 in the form of newly issued shares of Rgene's
Common Stock, at the price of NT$50 (approximately equivalent to $1.60 per share), for an aggregate number of 1,530,000 shares(See
Note 4). As of December 31, 2018, the Company owns 23.90% common stock shares of Rgene, accounting for its equity interest using
the equity method to its equity investment as prescribed in ASC 323, Investments&#8212;Equity Method and Joint Ventures ("ASC
323"). Equity method adjustments include the Company's proportionate share of investee's income or loss and
other adjustments required by the equity method.</font></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</font></p>

<table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
<tr style="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">

    <td style="width: 24px; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">(1)</font></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">The
    ownership percentages of the investee are listed as follows:</font></td></tr>
</table>
<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</font></p>

<table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-collapse: collapse">
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</font></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</font></td>
    <td colspan="6" style="border-bottom: black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><b>Ownership
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    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</font></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</font></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</font></td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</font></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</font></td>
    <td colspan="2" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><b>December&#160;31,</b></font></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</font></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</font></td>
    <td colspan="2" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><b>December&#160;31,</b></font></td>
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    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</font></td>
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<tr style="vertical-align: bottom; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <td style="border-bottom: black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><b>Name
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    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</font></td>
    <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><b>2018</b></font></td>
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    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</font></td>
    <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><b>2017</b></font></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</font></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</font></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><b>treatment</b></font></td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
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    <td style="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</font></td>
    <td style="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</font></td>
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    <td style="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</font></td>
    <td style="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</font></td>
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    <td style="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</font></td>
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<tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</font></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</font></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</font></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</font></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</font></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</font></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</font></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</font></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</font></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</font></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</font></td></tr>
</table>
<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</font></p>

<table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
<tr style="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">

    <td style="width: 24px; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">(2)</font></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">The
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</table>
<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</font></p>

<table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-collapse: collapse">
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <td style="white-space: nowrap; width: 35%; border-bottom: black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><b>Name
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    <td style="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</font></td>
    <td style="width: 64%; border-bottom: black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><b>The
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<tr style="vertical-align: bottom; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
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    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</font></td>
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</table>
<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</font></p>

<table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
<tr style="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">

    <td style="width: 24px; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">(3)</font></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Long-term
    investment mainly consists of the following:</font></td></tr>
</table>
<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</font></p>

<table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-collapse: collapse">
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</font></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</font></td>
    <td colspan="2" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><b>December&#160;31,</b></font></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</font></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</font></td>
    <td colspan="2" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><b>December&#160;31,</b></font></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</font></td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</font></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</font></td>
    <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><b>2018</b></font></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</font></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</font></td>
    <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><b>2017</b></font></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</font></td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: white; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <td style="width: 77%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Equity
    Method Investments, net of impairment</font></td>
    <td style="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</font></td>
    <td style="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</font></td>
    <td style="width: 9%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</font></td>
    <td style="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</font></td>
    <td style="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</font></td>
    <td style="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</font></td>
    <td style="width: 8%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</font></td>
    <td style="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</font></td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Rgene
    Corporation</font></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</font></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$</font></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;-</font></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</font></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</font></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</font></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">N/A</font></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</font></td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: white; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-left: 0.125in"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Total</font></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</font></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: black 4.5pt double; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$</font></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: black 4.5pt double; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">-</font></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</font></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</font></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: black 4.5pt double; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</font></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: black 4.5pt double; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;N/A</font></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</font></td></tr>
</table>
<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</font></p>

<table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%">
<tr style="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">

    <td style="width: 24px; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">(4)</font></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Summarized
    financial information for the Company's equity method investee, Rgene, is as follows:</font></td></tr>
</table>
<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</font></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><i>Balance
Sheets</i></font></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0">&#160;</p>

<table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-collapse: collapse">
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</font></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</font></td>
    <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><b>December&#160;31,</b></font><br />
    <font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><b>2018</b></font></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</font></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</font></td>
    <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><b>December&#160;31,</b></font><br />
    <font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><b>2017</b></font></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</font></td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <td style="width: 77%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Current
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    <td style="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</font></td>
    <td style="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$</font></td>
    <td style="width: 9%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">98,168</font></td>
    <td style="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</font></td>
    <td style="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</font></td>
    <td style="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</font></td>
    <td style="width: 8%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">N/A</font></td>
    <td style="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</font></td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: white; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Noncurrent
    Assets</font></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</font></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</font></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">14,779</font></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</font></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</font></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</font></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">N/A</font></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</font></td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Current
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    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</font></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</font></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">261,685</font></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</font></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</font></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</font></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">N/A</font></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</font></td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: white; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Shareholders'
    Deficit</font></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</font></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</font></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">(148,738</font></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">)</font></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</font></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</font></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">N/A</font></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</font></td></tr>
</table>
<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</font></p>

<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td style="font: italic 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Statements of operation</td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</td><td style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="6" style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid">For
    the Years Ended December&#160;31,</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</td><td style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid">2018</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</td><td style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid">2017</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">Net sales</td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">$</td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">-</td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">N/A</font></td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">Gross Profit</td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">-</td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">N/A</font></td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="width: 76%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">Net loss</td><td style="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="width: 9%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">(120,065</td><td style="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">)</td><td style="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="width: 9%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">N/A</font></td><td style="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">Share of loss from investments accounted for using
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    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">(549</td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">)</td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">N/A</font></td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
</table>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</font></p>

<table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
<tr style="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">

    <td style="width: 24px; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">(5)</font></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Losses
    on Equity Investments</font></td></tr>
</table>
<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</font></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">The
components of losses on equity investments for each period were as follows:</font></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</font></p>

<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</td><td style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="6" style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid">For
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<tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</td><td style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid">2018</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</td><td style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid">2017</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="width: 76%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">Share of equity method investee losses</td><td style="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">$</td><td style="width: 9%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">(549</td><td style="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">)</td><td style="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="width: 9%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">N/A</font></td><td style="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
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<span style="display: none;">v3.19.2</span><table class="report" border="0" cellspacing="2" id="idp6783827808">
<tr>
<th class="tl" colspan="1" rowspan="2"><div style="width: 200px;"><strong>Accrued Expenses<br></strong></div></th>
<th class="th" colspan="1">12 Months Ended</th>
</tr>
<tr><th class="th"><div>Dec. 31, 2018</div></th></tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_PayablesAndAccrualsAbstract', window );"><strong>Payables and Accruals [Abstract]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
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<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_AccountsPayableAndAccruedLiabilitiesDisclosureTextBlock', window );">ACCRUED EXPENSES</a></td>
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ACCRUED EXPENSES</b></font></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><b>&#160;</b></font></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Accrued
expenses as of December 31, 2018 and 2017 consisted of:</font></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</font></p>

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    <td>&#160;</td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="font-weight: bold; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid">December&#160;31,<br /> 2018</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold">&#160;</td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="font-weight: bold; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid">December&#160;31,<br /> 2017</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold">&#160;</td></tr>
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    <td style="width: 76%; text-align: left">Accrued payroll</td><td style="width: 1%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">$</td><td style="width: 9%; text-align: right">444,400</td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="width: 1%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">$</td><td style="width: 9%; text-align: right">110,800</td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
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    <td style="text-align: left">Accrued rent</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">4,941</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="text-align: left">Accrued interest expense &#8211; related party (Note 7)</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">18,868</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">17,460</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
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    <td style="text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">Accrued expenses</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right">87,240</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right">42,667</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
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    <td style="padding-bottom: 4pt; padding-left: 10pt">Total</td><td style="padding-bottom: 4pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; text-align: left">$</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; text-align: right">555,449</td><td style="padding-bottom: 4pt; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 4pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; text-align: left">$</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; text-align: right">170,927</td><td style="padding-bottom: 4pt; text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr></table><span></span>
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<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The entire disclosure for accounts payable and accrued liabilities at the end of the reporting period.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02.19(a),20,24)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6877327&amp;loc=d3e13212-122682<br></p></div>
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<span style="display: none;">v3.19.2</span><table class="report" border="0" cellspacing="2" id="idp6783683312">
<tr>
<th class="tl" colspan="1" rowspan="2"><div style="width: 200px;"><strong>Convertible Notes Payable<br></strong></div></th>
<th class="th" colspan="1">3 Months Ended</th>
<th class="th" colspan="1">12 Months Ended</th>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="th"><div>Mar. 31, 2019</div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Dec. 31, 2018</div></th>
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<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_abvcd_ConvertibleNotesPayableAbstract', window );"><strong>Convertible Notes Payable [Abstract]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_abvcd_ConvertibleNotesPayableDisclosureTextBlock', window );">CONVERTIBLE NOTES PAYABLE</a></td>
<td class="text"><p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><b>8.
CONVERTIBLE NOTES PAYABLE</b></font></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</font></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">On
May 9, 2018, the Company issued an eighteen-month term unsecured convertible promissory note (the "Yu and Wei Note")
in an aggregate principal amount of $300,000 to Guoliang Yu and Yingfei Wei Family Trust (the "Yu and Wei"), pursuant
to which the Company received $300,000. The Yu and Wei Note bears interest at 8% per annum. The Company shall pay to the Yu and
Wei an amount in cash representing all outstanding principal and accrued and unpaid interest on the Eighteenth (18) month anniversary
of the issuance date of the Yu and Wei Note, which is on November 8, 2019. In the event that the Company raises gross proceeds
from the sale of its common stock of at least $5,000,000 (an "Equity Offering") then within five days of the closing
for such offering, the Company must repay the outstanding amount of this Yu and Wei Note. At any time from the date hereof until
this Yu and Wei Note has been satisfied, the Yu and Wei may convert the unpaid and outstanding principal plus any accrued and
unpaid interest and or default interest, if any, into shares of the Company's common stock at a conversion price (the "Conversion
Price") equal to the lower of (i) $2.00 per share (the "Fixed Conversion Price"), subject to adjustment or (ii)
80% of the per share offering price (the "Alternative Conversion Price") of any completed equity offering of the Company
in an amount exceeding $500,000 that occurs when any part of the Yu and Wei Note is outstanding, subject to adjustments set forth
in the Yu and Wei Note. In accordance with FASB ASC 470-20, the Company recognized none of the intrinsic value of embedded beneficial
conversion feature present in the Yu and Wei Note as of March 31, 2019.</font></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</font></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">On
June 27, 2018, the Company issued an eighteen-month term unsecured convertible promissory note (the "Keypoint Note")
in the aggregate principal amount of $250,000 to Keypoint Technology Ltd. ("Keypoint"), a related party, pursuant
to which the Company received $250,000. The Keypoint Note bears interest at 8% per annum. The Company shall pay to the Keypoint
an amount in cash representing all outstanding principal and accrued and unpaid interest on the Eighteenth (18) month anniversary
of the issuance date of the Keypoint Note, which is on December 26, 2019. In the event that the Company raises gross proceeds
from the sale of its common stock of at least $5,000,000 (an "Equity Offering") then within five days of the closing
for such offering, the Company must repay the outstanding amount of this Keypoint Note. At any time from the date hereof until
this Keypoint Note has been satisfied, Keypoint may convert the unpaid and outstanding principal plus any accrued and unpaid interest
and or default interest, if any, into shares of the Company's common stock at a conversion price (the "Conversion
Price") equal to the lower of (i) $2.00 per share (the "Fixed Conversion Price"), subject to adjustment or (ii)
80% of the per share offering price (the "Alternative Conversion Price") of any completed equity offering of the Company
in an amount exceeding $500,000 that occurs when any part of the Keypoint Note is outstanding, subject to adjustments set forth
in the Keypoint Note. In accordance with FASB ASC 470-20, the Company recognized none of the intrinsic value of embedded beneficial
conversion feature present in the Keypoint Note as of March 31, 2019.</font></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">On
August 25, 2018, the Company issued an eighteen-month term unsecured convertible promissory note (the "Odaira Note")
in the aggregate principal amount of $250,000 to the Company's director, Yoshinobu Odaira. ("Odaira), pursuant to
which the Company received $250,000 on November 29, 2018. The Odaira Note bears interest at 8% per annum. The Company shall pay
to the Odaira an amount in cash representing all outstanding principal and accrued and unpaid interest on the Eighteenth (18)
month anniversary of the issuance date of the Odaira Note, which is on February 24, 2020. In the event that the Company raises
gross proceeds from the sale of its common stock of at least $5,000,000 (an "Equity Offering") then within five days
of the closing for such offering, the Company must repay the outstanding amount of this Odaira Note. At any time from the date
hereof until this Odaira Note has been satisfied, Odaira may convert the unpaid and outstanding principal plus any accrued and
unpaid interest and or default interest, if any, into shares of the Company's common stock at a conversion price (the "Conversion
Price") equal to the lower of (i) $2.00 per share (the "Fixed Conversion Price"), subject to adjustment or (ii)
80% of the per share offering price (the "Alternative Conversion Price") of any completed equity offering of the Company
in an amount exceeding $500,000 that occurs when any part of the Odaira Note is outstanding, subject to adjustments set forth
in the Odaira Note. In accordance with FASB ASC 470-20, the Company recognized none of the intrinsic value of embedded beneficial
conversion feature present in the Odaira Note as of March 31, 2019.</font></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</font></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">As
of March 31, 2019 and December 31, 2018, the aggregate carrying values of the convertible debentures were $800,000 and accrued
convertible interest was $43,467 and $27,467, respectively.</font></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</font></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Total
interest expenses in connection with the above convertible notes payable were $16,000 and $0 for the three months ended March
31 2019 and 2018, respectively.</font></p><span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"><p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><b>7.
CONVERTIBLE NOTES PAYABLE</b></font></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><b>&#160;</b></font></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">On
May 9, 2018, the Company issued an eighteen-month term unsecured convertible promissory note (the "Yu and Wei Note")
in an aggregate principal amount of $300,000 to Guoliang Yu and Yingfei Wei Family Trust (the "Yu and Wei"), pursuant
to which the Company received $300,000. The Yu and Wei Note bears interest at 8% per annum. The Company shall pay to the Yu and
Wei an amount in cash representing all outstanding principal and accrued and unpaid interest on the Eighteenth (18) month anniversary
of the issuance date of the Yu and Wei Note, which is on November 8, 2019. In the event that the Company raises gross proceeds
from the sale of its common stock of at least $5,000,000 (an "Equity Offering") then within five days of the closing
for such offering, the Company must repay the outstanding amount of this Yu and Wei Note. At any time from the date hereof until
this Yu and Wei Note has been satisfied, the Yu and Wei may convert the unpaid and outstanding principal plus any accrued and
unpaid interest and or default interest, if any, into shares of the Company's common stock at a conversion price (the "Conversion
Price") equal to the lower of (i) $2.00 per share (the "Fixed Conversion Price"), subject to adjustment or (ii)
80% of the per share offering price (the "Alternative Conversion Price") of any completed equity offering of the Company
in an amount exceeding $500,000 that occurs when any part of the Yu and Wei Note is outstanding, subject to adjustments set forth
in the Yu and Wei Note. In accordance with FASB ASC 470-20, the Company recognized none of the intrinsic value of embedded beneficial
conversion feature present in the Yu and Wei Note as of December 31, 2018.</font></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</font></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">On
June 27, 2018, the Company issued an eighteen-month term unsecured convertible promissory note (the "Keypoint Note")
in the aggregate principal amount of $250,000 to Keypoint Technology Ltd. ("Keypoint"), a related party, pursuant
to which the Company received $250,000. The Keypoint Note bears interest at 8% per annum. The Company shall pay to the Keypoint
an amount in cash representing all outstanding principal and accrued and unpaid interest on the Eighteenth (18) month anniversary
of the issuance date of the Keypoint Note, which is on December 26, 2019. In the event that the Company raises gross proceeds
from the sale of its common stock of at least $5,000,000 (an "Equity Offering") then within five days of the closing
for such offering, the Company must repay the outstanding amount of this Keypoint Note. At any time from the date hereof until
this Keypoint Note has been satisfied, Keypoint may convert the unpaid and outstanding principal plus any accrued and unpaid interest
and or default interest, if any, into shares of the Company's common stock at a conversion price (the "Conversion
Price") equal to the lower of (i) $2.00 per share (the "Fixed Conversion Price"), subject to adjustment or (ii)
80% of the per share offering price (the "Alternative Conversion Price") of any completed equity offering of the Company
in an amount exceeding $500,000 that occurs when any part of the Keypoint Note is outstanding, subject to adjustments set forth
in the Keypoint Note. In accordance with FASB ASC 470-20, the Company recognized none of the intrinsic value of embedded beneficial
conversion feature present in the Keypoint Note as of December 31, 2018.</font></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</font></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">On
August 25, 2018, the Company issued an eighteen-month term unsecured convertible promissory note (the "Odaira Note")
in the aggregate principal amount of $250,000 to the Company's director, Yoshinobu Odaira. ("Odaira), pursuant to
which the Company received $250,000 on November 29, 2018. The Odaira Note bears interest at 8% per annum. The Company shall pay
to the Odaira an amount in cash representing all outstanding principal and accrued and unpaid interest on the Eighteenth (18)
month anniversary of the issuance date of the Odaira Note, which is on February 24, 2020. In the event that the Company raises
gross proceeds from the sale of its common stock of at least $5,000,000 (an "Equity Offering") then within five days
of the closing for such offering, the Company must repay the outstanding amount of this Odaira Note. At any time from the date
hereof until this Odaira Note has been satisfied, Odaira may convert the unpaid and outstanding principal plus any accrued and
unpaid interest and or default interest, if any, into shares of the Company's common stock at a conversion price (the "Conversion
Price") equal to the lower of (i) $2.00 per share (the "Fixed Conversion Price"), subject to adjustment or (ii)
80% of the per share offering price (the "Alternative Conversion Price") of any completed equity offering of the Company
in an amount exceeding $500,000 that occurs when any part of the Odaira Note is outstanding, subject to adjustments set forth
in the Odaira Note. In accordance with FASB ASC 470-20, the Company recognized none of the intrinsic value of embedded beneficial
conversion feature present in the Odaira Note as of December 31, 2018.</font></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</font></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">As
of December 31, 2018, the aggregate carrying values of the convertible debentures and accrued convertible interest were $800,000
and $27,467, respectively. Interest expense was $27,467 and $0 for the years ended December 31, 2018 and 2017, respectively.</font></p><span></span>
</td>
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<span style="display: none;">v3.19.2</span><table class="report" border="0" cellspacing="2" id="idp6794676400">
<tr>
<th class="tl" colspan="1" rowspan="2"><div style="width: 200px;"><strong>Bank Loans<br></strong></div></th>
<th class="th" colspan="1">3 Months Ended</th>
</tr>
<tr><th class="th"><div>Mar. 31, 2019</div></th></tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_abvcd_BankLoansAbstract', window );"><strong>Bank Loans</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_abvcd_DisclosureOfBankLoansTextBlock', window );">BANK LOANS</a></td>
<td class="text"><table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0; width: 100%"><tr style="vertical-align: top; text-align: justify"><td style="width: 0.25in; text-align: left"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><b>9.</b></font></td><td style="text-align: justify"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><b>BANK
LOANS</b></font></td>
</tr></table>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt">&#160;</p>

<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0; width: 100%"><tr style="vertical-align: top; text-align: justify">
<td style="width: 0"></td><td style="width: 0.25in; text-align: left"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">(1)</font></td><td style="text-align: justify"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Short-term
bank loan consists of the following:</font></td>
</tr></table>


<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</font></p>

<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td>&#160;</td><td style="font-weight: bold">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="font-weight: bold; text-align: center">March&#160;31,</td><td style="font-weight: bold">&#160;</td><td style="font-weight: bold">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="font-weight: bold; text-align: center">December&#160;31,</td><td style="font-weight: bold">&#160;</td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td>&#160;</td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="font-weight: bold; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid">2019</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold">&#160;</td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="font-weight: bold; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid">2018</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold">&#160;</td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="width: 76%; text-align: justify">Cathay United Bank</td><td style="width: 1%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">$</td><td style="width: 9%; text-align: right">243,000</td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="width: 1%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">$</td><td style="width: 9%; text-align: right">245,250</td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="text-align: justify">CTBC Bank</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">648,000</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">654,000</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="text-align: justify; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">Cathay Bnak</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right">1,000,000</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right">-</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="text-align: justify; padding-bottom: 4pt">Total</td><td style="padding-bottom: 4pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; text-align: left">$</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; text-align: right">1,891,000</td><td style="padding-bottom: 4pt; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 4pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; text-align: left">$</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; text-align: right">899,250</td><td style="padding-bottom: 4pt; text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
</table>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><b>&#160;</b></font></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><u>Cathay
United Bank</u></font></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&#160;</p>



<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">On June 28, 2016, BioLite Taiwan and Cathay
United Bank entered into a one-year bank loan agreement (the "Cathay United Loan Agreement") in an amount of NT$7,500,000,
equivalent to $243,000. The term started June 28, 2016 with maturity date at June 28, 2017. The loan balance bears interest at
a floating rate of prime rate plus 1.15%. The prime rate is based on term deposit saving interest rate of Cathay United Bank. On
September 6, 2017, BioLite Taiwan extended the Cathay United Loan Agreement for one year, which was due on September 6, 2018, with
the principal amount of NT$7,500,000, equivalent to $243,000. On October 1, 2018, BioLite Taiwan extended the Cathay United Loan
Agreement with the same principal amount of NT$7,500,000, equivalent to $243,0050 for one year, which is due on September 6, 2019.
As of March 31, 2019 and December 31, 2018, the effective interest rates per annum were 2.22%. The loan is collateralized by the
building and improvement of BioLite Taiwan, and is also personal guaranteed by the chairman of BioLite Taiwan.</p>



<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</font></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Interest
expenses were $1,330 and $1,402 for the three months ended March 31, 2019 and 2018, respectively.</font></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</font></p>

<p style="margin: 0; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><u>CTBC
Bank</u></font></p>

<p style="margin: 0; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</font></p>



<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><font style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">On
June 12, 2017 and July 19, 2017, BioLite Taiwan and CTBC Bank entered into short-term saving secured bank loan agreements (the
"CTBC Loan Agreements") in an amount of NT$10,000,000, equivalent to $324,000, and NT$10,000,000, equivalent to $324,000,
respectively. Both two loans with the same maturity date at January 19, 2018. In February 2018, BioLite Taiwan combined two loans
and extended the loan contract with CTBC for one year. On January 18, 2019, BioLite Taiwan and CTBC Bank agreed to extend the
loan with a new maturity date, which is July 18, 2019. The loan balances bear interest at a fixed rate of 1.63% per annum. The
loan is secured by the money deposited in a savings account with the CTBC Bank. This loan is also personal guaranteed by the chairman
of BioLite Taiwan and BioFirst.</font></p>





<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</font></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Interest
expenses were $2,604 and $2,736 for the three months ended March 31, 2019 and 2018, respectively.</font></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</font></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><u>Cathay
Bank</u></font></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</font></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">During the three months ended March 31,
2019, the Company received a loan in aggregate of $1,000,000 from Cathay Bank (the "Bank") pursuant to a business loan
agreement (the "Cathay Loan Agreement") entered by and between the Company and Bank on January 8, 2019 and a promissory
note (the "Note") executed by the Company on the same day. The Cathay Loan Agreement provides for a revolving line
of credit in the principal amount of $1,000,000 with a maturity date (the "Maturity Date") of January 1, 2020. The
Note executed in connection with the Cathay Loan Agreement bears an interest rate (the "Regular Interest Rate") equal
to the sum of one percent (1%) and the prime rate as published in the Wall Street Journal (the "Index") and the accrued
interest shall become payable each month from February 1, 2019. Pursuant to the Note, the Company shall pay the entire outstanding
principal plus accrued unpaid interest on the Maturity Date and may prepay portion or all of the Note before the Maturity Date
without penalty. If the Company defaults on the Note, the default interest rate shall become five percent (5%) plus the Regular
Interest Rate.</p>



<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</font></p>


<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">In connection with the Note and Cathay
Loan Agreement, on January 8, 2019, each of Dr. Tsung Shann Jiang and Dr. George Lee, executed a commercial guaranty (the "Guaranty")
to guaranty the loans for the Company pursuant to the Cathay Loan Agreement and Note, severally and individually, in the amount
not exceeding $500,000 each until the entire Note plus interest are fully paid and satisfied. Dr. Tsung Shann Jiang is the Chairman
and Chief Executive Officer of BioLite Holding, Inc. and Dr. George Lee serves as the Chairman of the board of directors of BioKey,
Inc, which became a wholly-owned subsidiaries of the Company effective by operation of law on or about February 5, 2019.</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&#160;</p>





<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">In addition, on January 8, 2019, each
of the Company and BriVision, a wholly-owned subsidiary of the Company, signed a commercial security agreement (the "Cathay
Security Agreement") to secure the loans under the Cathay Loan Agreement and the Note. Pursuant to the Cathay Security Agreements,
each of the Company and BriVision (each, a "Grantor", and collectively, the "Grantors") granted security
interest in the collaterals as defined therein, comprised of almost all of the assets of each Grantor, to secure such loans for
the benefit of the Bank.<font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</font></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</font></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Interest
expenses were $9,527 and $0 for the three months ended March 31, 2019 and 2018, respectively.</font></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><b>&#160;</b></font></p>

<table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%">
<tr style="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <td style="width: 24px; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">(2)</font></td>
    <td style="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Long-term
    bank loan consists of the following:</font></td></tr>
</table>
<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</font></p>

<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td style="white-space: nowrap">&#160;</td><td style="font-weight: bold; white-space: nowrap">&#160;</td>
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    <td>&#160;</td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&#160;</td>
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<tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="width: 76%; text-align: justify">Cathay United Bank</td><td style="width: 1%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">$</td><td style="width: 9%; text-align: right">45,076</td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="width: 1%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">$</td><td style="width: 9%; text-align: right">55,092</td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
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    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right">(39,688</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left">)</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&#160;</td>
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<tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="text-align: justify; padding-bottom: 4pt">Total</td><td style="padding-bottom: 4pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; text-align: left">$</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; text-align: right">5,388</td><td style="padding-bottom: 4pt; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 4pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; text-align: left">$</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; text-align: right">15,257</td><td style="padding-bottom: 4pt; text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
</table>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&#160;&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">On April 30, 2010, BioLite Taiwan entered
into a seven-year bank loan of NT$8,900,000, equivalent to $288,360, with Cathay United Bank. The term started April 30, 2010 with
maturity date at April 30, 2017. On April 30, 2017, BioLite Taiwan extended the original loan agreement for additional three years
with the new maturity date at April 30, 2020. The loan balance bears interest at a floating rate of prime rate plus variable rates
from 0.77% to 1.17%. The prime rate is based on term deposit saving interest rate of Cathay United Bank. As of March 31, 2019 and
December 31, 2018, the actual interest rates per annum were 2.24%. The loan is collateralized by the building and improvement of
BioLite Taiwan, and is also personal guaranteed by the chairman of BioLite Taiwan.</p>



<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</font></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Interest
expenses were $284 and $680 for the three months ended March 31, 2019 and 2018, respectively.</font></p><span></span>
</td>
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<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- References</a><div><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
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<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Disclosure of bank loans text block.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
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<span style="display: none;">v3.19.2</span><table class="report" border="0" cellspacing="2" id="idp6783740432">
<tr>
<th class="tl" colspan="1" rowspan="2"><div style="width: 200px;"><strong>Notes Payable<br></strong></div></th>
<th class="th" colspan="1">3 Months Ended</th>
</tr>
<tr><th class="th"><div>Mar. 31, 2019</div></th></tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_NotesPayableAbstract', window );"><strong>Notes Payable [Abstract]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_MembersEquityNotesDisclosureTextBlock', window );">NOTES PAYABLE</a></td>
<td class="text"><p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><b>NOTE
10. NOTES PAYABLE</b></font></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><b>&#160;</b></font></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">On
November 27, 2017, BioLite Taiwan and Cheng-Chi International Co., Ltd., a Taiwanese company, entered into a promissory note for
borrowing an aggregate amount of NT$6,000,000, equivalent to $196,200, for the period from November 27, 2017 to January 11, 2018.
The principal of promissory note bears interest at 12% per annum. This promissory note is secured by 700,000 Common Stock shares
of ABVC and is also personal guaranteed by the Company's chairman. On January 11, 2018, the principal and accrued interest
totaling NT$6,090,000, equivalent to $199,143, has been paid in full.</font></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</font></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">On
March 27, 2018, BioLite Taiwan and two individuals entered into a promissory note, (the "Hsu and Chow Promissory Note"),
for borrowing an aggregate amount of NT$4,660,000, equivalent to $152,382, for the period from March 27, 2018 to June 26, 2018.
On September 26, 2018, the company extended the original loan agreement through December 26, 2018. As of the date of this prospectus,
BioLite Taiwan and Hsu and Chow are still negotiating to extend this promissory note. The principal of the Hsu and Chow Promissory
Note bears interest at 13.6224% per annum. This Hsu and Chow Promissory Note was secured by common stock shares of ABVC and was
also personal guaranteed by the Company's chairman. Interest expense was $5,085 and $1,807 for the three months ended March
31, 2019 and 2018, respectively.</font></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</font></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">As
of March 31, 2019, BioLite Taiwan also entered various unsecured loan agreements bearing interest at fixed rates between 12% and
13.6224% per annum with three individuals to advance in aggregate of NT$10,750,000, equivalent to $348,300, for working capital
purpose. The term of the loan varies from one month to three months with various maturity dates through May 25, 2018. As of the
date of this prospectus, BioLite Taiwan is still in discussion with the three individuals with respect to the terms of extension
for the unsecured loans. Interest expense was $10,768 and $8,834 for the three months ended March 31, 2019 and 2018, respectively.</font></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</font></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">On
December 27, 2018, BioLite Taiwan issued a promissory note of NT$450,000, equivalent to $14,715, to Taipei Veterans General Hospital
to repay the clinical experiment costs. The note has been paid in full on January 2, 2019.</font></p><span></span>
</td>
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<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The entire disclosure for the formation, structure, control and ownership of a limited liability company (LLC).</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 272<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/topic&amp;trid=2124037<br></p></div>
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<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- References</a><div><p>No definition available.</p></div>
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<span style="display: none;">v3.19.2</span><table class="report" border="0" cellspacing="2" id="idp6783776368">
<tr>
<th class="tl" colspan="1" rowspan="2"><div style="width: 200px;"><strong>Related Parties Transactions<br></strong></div></th>
<th class="th" colspan="1">3 Months Ended</th>
<th class="th" colspan="1">12 Months Ended</th>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="th"><div>Mar. 31, 2019</div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Dec. 31, 2018</div></th>
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<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_RelatedPartyTransactionsAbstract', window );"><strong>Related Party Transactions [Abstract]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_RelatedPartyTransactionsDisclosureTextBlock', window );">RELATED PARTIES TRANSACTIONS</a></td>
<td class="text"><p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><b>11.
RELATED PARTIES TRANSACTIONS</b></font></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</font></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">The
related parties of the company with whom transactions are reported in these financial statements are as follows:</font></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</font></p>

<table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-collapse: collapse">
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <td style="width: 51%; border-bottom: black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><b>Name
    of entity or Individual</b></font></td>
    <td style="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</font></td>
    <td style="width: 48%; border-bottom: black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><b>Relationship
    with the Company and its subsidiaries</b></font></td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">BioFirst
    Corporation (the "BioFirst")</font></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</font></td>
    <td style="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Entity
    controlled by controlling beneficiary shareholder of Yuangene</font></td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; background-color: White">
    <td style="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">BioFirst
    (Australia) Pty Ltd. (the "BioFirst (Australia)")</font></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</font></td>
    <td style="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">100%
    owned by BioFirst; Entity controlled by controlling beneficiary shareholder of YuanGene</font></td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Lion
    Arts Promotion Inc. (the "LION")</font></td>
    <td style="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</font></td>
    <td style="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Controlling
    shareholder of BioLite Inc.</font></td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; background-color: White">
    <td style="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">LionGene
    Corporation (the "LionGene")</font></td>
    <td style="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</font></td>
    <td style="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Shareholder
    of the Company; entity controlled by controlling beneficiary shareholder of YuanGene</font></td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Rgene
    Corporation (the "Rgene")</font></td>
    <td style="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</font></td>
    <td style="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Shareholder
    of the Company; entity controlled by controlling beneficiary shareholder of Yuangene</font></td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; background-color: White">
    <td style="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Yuangene
    Corporation (the "Yuangene")</font></td>
    <td style="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</font></td>
    <td style="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Controlling
    beneficiary shareholder of the Company</font></td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">AsianGene
    Corporation (the "AsianGene")</font></td>
    <td style="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</font></td>
    <td style="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Shareholder;
    entity controlled by controlling beneficiary shareholder of Yuangene</font></td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; background-color: White">
    <td style="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Keypoint
    Technology Ltd. (the "Keypoint')</font></td>
    <td style="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</font></td>
    <td style="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">The
    Chairman of Keypoint is Eugene Jiang's mother.</font></td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Yoshinobu
    Odaira (the "Odaira")</font></td>
    <td style="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</font></td>
    <td style="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Director
    of the Company</font></td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; background-color: White">
    <td style="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">GenePharm
    Inc. (the "GenePharm")</font></td>
    <td style="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</font></td>
    <td style="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Mr.
    George Lee, the Director and Chairman of Biokey, is the Chairman of Genepharm.</font></td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Mr.
    Tsung-Shann Jiang, Ms. Shu-Ling Jiang and Mr. Eugene Jiang (the "Jiangs")</font></td>
    <td style="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</font></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Mr.
                                         Tsung-Shann Jiang, the controlling beneficiary shareholder of the Company and Rgene,
                                         the chairman and CEO of the BioLite Inc. and the President and a member of board of directors
                                         of BioFirst,</font></p>
        <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Ms.
        Shu-Ling Jiang, Mr. Tsung-Shann Jiang's wife, is a member of board of directors of the Company and the chairman
        of LION and BioFirst.</font></p>
        <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Mr.
        Eugene Jiang is Mr. and Ms. Jiang's son. Mr. Eugene Jiang is the chairman, and majority shareholder of the Company
        and a member of board of directors of BioLite Inc.</font></p></td></tr>
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<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><b>&#160;</b></font></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><u>Accounts
receivable &#8211; related parties&#160;</u></font></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</font></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Accounts
receivable due from related parties consisted of the following as of the periods indicated:</font></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</font></p>

<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center">&#160;</td><td style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center">March 31,</td><td style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</td><td style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center">December&#160;31,</td><td style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center">&#160;</td><td style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid">2019</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</td><td style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid">2018</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="width: 76%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">GenePharm Inc.</td><td style="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&#160;</td>
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    <td style="width: 1%; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">$</td><td style="width: 9%; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;-</td><td style="width: 1%; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
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    <td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">$</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">-</td><td style="padding-bottom: 4pt; font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
</table>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><b>&#160;</b></font></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><u>Due
from related parties</u></font></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</font></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Amount
due from related parties consisted of the following as of the periods indicated:</font></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</font></p>

<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center">&#160;</td><td style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</td>
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<tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center">&#160;</td><td style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&#160;</td>
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<tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
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<tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
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<tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
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</table>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><u>Due
to related parties</u></font></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</font></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Amount
due to related parties consisted of the following as of the periods indicated:</font></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</font></p>

<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center">&#160;</td><td style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</td>
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<tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center">&#160;</td><td style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&#160;</td>
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<tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="width: 76%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">Lion Arts Promotion Inc.</td><td style="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">$</td><td style="width: 9%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">64,964</td><td style="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</td>
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<tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">LionGene Corporation</td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">430,940</td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">458,348</td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">BioFirst Corporation</td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">6,248,105</td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">6,428,643</td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">AsianGene Corporation</td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">160,000</td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">160,000</td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">YuanGene Corporation</td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">92,690</td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">92,690</td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">The Jiangs</td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">598,085</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">539,920</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 4pt; padding-left: 10pt">Total</td><td style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 4pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">$</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">7,594,784</td><td style="padding-bottom: 4pt; font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 4pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">$</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">7,745,096</td><td style="padding-bottom: 4pt; font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
</table>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</font></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><u>Related
party transactions</u></font></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0; text-align: center; margin-bottom: 0"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</font></p>

<table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
<tr style="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <td style="width: 24px; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">(1)</font></td>
    <td style="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">On
    January 26, 2017, BriVision and BioFirst entered into a loan agreement for a total commitment (non-secured indebtedness) of
    $950,000 to meet its working capital needs. On February 2, 2019, BriVision and BioFirst agreed to extend the remaining loan
    balance of $693,000 for one year matured on February 1, 2020. Under the terms of the loan agreement, the loan bears interest
    at 1% per month (or equivalent to 12% per annum) and the Company is required to pay interest monthly to the lender. As of
    March 31, 2019 and December 31, 2018, the outstanding loan balance is $233,000 and $692,980, and accrued interest was $11,971
    and $281, respectively. Interest expenses in connection with this loan were $11,710 and $9,500 for the three months ended
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</table>
<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0; text-align: center; margin-bottom: 0"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</font></p>

<table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
<tr style="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <td style="width: 24px; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">(2)</font></td>
    <td style="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">On
    September 28, 2017, October 31, 2017, and November 13, 2017, BioLite Taiwan and BioFirst entered into three loan agreements
    for a total amount of NTD$27,800,000, equivalent to $900,720, to meet its working capital needs. Under the terms of the loan
    agreements, the loans bear interest at 1% per month (or equivalent to 12% per annum). BioLite Taiwan repaid NTD$7,500,000,
    equivalent to $243,000, of the loan in 2018. The remaining balance was NTD$20,300,000, equivalent to $657,720 with the interest
    rate and term remain unchanged. The three loans will be matured on September 27, 2019, October 30, 2019, and November 12,
    2019, respectively. As of March 31, 2019 and December 31, 2018, the outstanding loan balance was $657,720 and $663,810, and
    accrued interest was $146,274 and $127,976, respectively. Interest expenses in connection with this loan were $19,472 and
    $28,500 for the three months ended March 31, 2019 and 2018, respectively.</font></td></tr>
</table>
<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: center"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</font></p>

<table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
<tr style="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <td style="width: 24px; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">(3)</font></td>
    <td style="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">On
    April 12, 2017, BioLite BVI and BioFirst entered into a loan agreement for NTD$30,000,000, equivalent to $972,000 to meet
    its working capital needs. Under the terms of the loan agreement, the loan bears interest at 1% per month (or equivalent to
    12% per annum). BioLite BVI and BioFirst extended the loan with the same interest rate and amount for one year. The loan will
    be matured on May 11, 2019. As of March 31, 2019 and December 31, 2018, the outstanding loan balance was $972,000 and $981,000,
    and accrued interest was $250,771 and $222,000, respectively. Interest expenses in connection with this loan were $28,771
    and $29,978 for the three months ended March 31, 2019 and 2018, respectively.</font></td></tr>
</table>
<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</font></p>

<table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
<tr style="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <td style="width: 24px; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">(4)</font></td>
    <td style="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">On
    July 24, 2017, BriVision entered into a collaborative agreement (the "BioFirst Collaborative Agreement") with
    BioFirst (See Note 4). On September 25, 2017, BioFirst has delivered all research, technical, data and development data to
    BriVision, and the Company has recorded the full amount of $3,000,000 due to BioFirst. No payment has been made by the Company
    as of the date of this prospectus.</font></td></tr>
</table>
<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0; text-align: center"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</font></p>

<table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
<tr style="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <td style="width: 24px; text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">(5)</font></td>
    <td style="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">As
    of March 31, 2019, BioFirst has also advanced funds to the Company for working capital purpose. The advances bear 0% interest
    rate and are due on demand. As of March 31, 2019, the outstanding advance balance was $517,949.</font></td></tr>
</table>
<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0; text-align: left">&#160;</p>

<table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
<tr style="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <td style="width: 24px; text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">(6)</font></td>
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    September 2017, AsianGene entered an investment and equity transfer agreement (the "Investment and Equity Transfer Agreement")
    with Everfront Biotech Inc. (the "Everfront"), a third party. Pursuant to the Investment and Equity Transfer Agreement,
    Everfront agreed to purchase 2,000,000 common shares of the Company owned by AsianGene at $1.60 per share in a total amount
    of $3,200,000, of which $160,000 is due before September 15, 2017 and the remaining amount of $3,040,000 is due before December
    15, 2017. AsianGene also agreed to loan the proceeds to the Company for working capital purpose. The non-secured loan bears
    0% interest rate and is due on demand. As of March 31, 2019 and December 31, 2018, the outstanding loan balance was $160,000
    and accrued interest was $17,600 and $12,866, respectively. Interest expenses in connection with this loan were $4,734 and
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</table>
<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</font></p>

<table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
<tr style="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <td style="width: 24px; text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">(7)</font></td>
    <td style="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">As
    of March 31, 2019 and December 31, 2018, YuanGene Corporation has advanced an aggregate amount of $42,690 to the Company for
    working capital purpose. The advances bear 0% interest rate and are due on demand.</font></td></tr>
</table>
<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0; text-align: center"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</font></p>

<table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
<tr style="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <td style="width: 24px; text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">(8)</font></td>
    <td style="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">On
    January 18, 2018, the Company and YuanGene entered into a loan agreement for a total of $50,000 to meet its working capital
    needs. Under the terms of the loan agreement, the loan bears interest at 1% per month (or equivalent to 12% per annum) and
    the Company is required to pay interest monthly to the lender. The maturity date of this loan is January 19, 2019. As of March
    31, 2019 and December 31, 2018, the outstanding loan balance was $50,000 and accrued interest was $7,200 and $5,721, respectively.
    Interest expenses in connection with this loan were $1,479 and $1,200 for the three months ended March 31, 2019 and 2018,
    respectively.</font></td></tr>
</table>
<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0; text-align: center; margin-bottom: 0"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</font></p>

<table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
<tr style="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <td style="width: 24px; text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">(9)</font></td>
    <td style="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">On
    June 27, 2018, the Company issued an eighteen-month term unsecured convertible promissory note (the "Keypoint Note")
    in the aggregate principal amount of $250,000 to Keypoint Technology Ltd. ("Keypoint") (See Note 8). The Company
    received $250,000 which bears interest at 8% per annum. Interest expenses in connection with this Keypoint Note were $5,000
    and $0 for the three months ended March 31, 2019 and 2018, respectively.</font></td></tr>
</table>
<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0; text-align: center"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><b>&#160;</b></font></p>

<table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
<tr style="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <td style="width: 29px; text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">(10)</font></td>
    <td style="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">On
    August 25, 2018, the Company issued an eighteen-month term unsecured convertible promissory note (the "Odaira Note")
    in the aggregate principal amount of $250,000 to Yoshinobu Odaira ("Odaira") (See Note 8). The Company received
    $250,000 on November 29, 2018 which bears interest at 8% per annum. Interest expense in connection with this Odaira Note was
    $5,000 and $0 for the three months ended March 31, 2019 and 2018, respectively.</font></td></tr>
</table>
<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0; text-align: center; margin-bottom: 0"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><b>&#160;</b></font></p>

<table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
<tr style="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <td style="width: 29px; text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">(11)</font></td>
    <td style="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">As
    of March 31, 2019, Mr. Tsung-Shann Jiang and Ms. Shu-Ling Jiang have also advanced funds to the Company for working capital
    purpose. The advances bears interest at 1% per month (or equivalent to 12% per annum) and are due on demand. As of March 31,
    2019, the outstanding advance balance was $157,140 and the accrued interest was $10,454.</font></td></tr>
</table>
<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><b>&#160;</b></font></p>

<table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
<tr style="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <td style="width: 29px; text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">(12)</font></td>
    <td style="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">As
    of March 31, 2019, LION, LionGene, and the Jiangs have also advanced funds to the Company for working capital purpose. The
    advances bear 0% interest rate and are due on demand. As of March 31, 2019, the outstanding advance balances in aggregate
    were $926,395.</font></td></tr></table><span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"><p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><b>8.
RELATED PARTIES TRANSACTIONS</b></font></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</font></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">The
related parties of the company with whom transactions are reported in these financial statements are as follows:</font></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</font></p>

<table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-collapse: collapse">
<tr style="background-color: white; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <td style="vertical-align: top; width: 51%; border-bottom: black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><b>Name
    of entity or Individual</b></font></td>
    <td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</font></td>
    <td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 48%; border-bottom: black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><b>Relationship
    with the Company and its subsidiaries</b></font></td></tr>
<tr style="background-color: #CCEEFF; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <td style="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">BioLite
    Inc.&#160;(the "BioLite")</font></td>
    <td style="vertical-align: bottom; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</font></td>
    <td style="vertical-align: bottom; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Shareholder
    of the Company; entity controlled by controlling beneficiary shareholder of YuanGene</font></td></tr>
<tr style="background-color: white; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <td style="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">BioFirst
    Corporation (the "BioFirst")</font></td>
    <td style="vertical-align: bottom; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</font></td>
    <td style="vertical-align: bottom; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Entity
    controlled by controlling beneficiary shareholder of YuanGene</font></td></tr>
<tr style="background-color: #CCEEFF; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <td style="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">BioFirst
    (Australia) Pty Ltd. (the BioFirst (Australia)")</font></td>
    <td style="vertical-align: bottom; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</font></td>
    <td style="vertical-align: bottom; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">100%
    owned by BioFirst; Entity controlled by controlling beneficiary shareholder of YuanGene</font></td></tr>
<tr style="background-color: white; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <td style="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Rgene
    Corporation (the "Rgene")</font></td>
    <td style="vertical-align: bottom; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</font></td>
    <td style="vertical-align: bottom; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Shareholder
    of the Company; entity controlled by controlling beneficiary shareholder of YuanGene</font></td></tr>
<tr style="background-color: #CCEEFF; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <td style="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">LionGene
    Corporation (the "LionGene")</font></td>
    <td style="vertical-align: bottom; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</font></td>
    <td style="vertical-align: bottom; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Shareholder
    of the Company; entity controlled by controlling beneficiary shareholder of YuanGene</font></td></tr>
<tr style="background-color: white; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <td style="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">YuanGene
    Corporation (the "YuanGene")</font></td>
    <td style="vertical-align: bottom; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</font></td>
    <td style="vertical-align: bottom; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Controlling
    beneficiary shareholder of the Company</font></td></tr>
<tr style="background-color: #CCEEFF; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <td style="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">AsianGene
    Corporation (the "AsianGene")</font></td>
    <td style="vertical-align: bottom; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</font></td>
    <td style="vertical-align: bottom; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Shareholder;
    entity controlled by controlling beneficiary shareholder of YuanGene</font></td></tr>
<tr style="background-color: white; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <td style="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Eugene
    Jiang</font></td>
    <td style="vertical-align: bottom; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</font></td>
    <td style="vertical-align: bottom; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Former
    President and Chairman</font></td></tr>
<tr style="background-color: #CCEEFF; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <td style="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Keypoint
    Technology Ltd. (the "Keypoint')</font></td>
    <td style="vertical-align: bottom; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</font></td>
    <td style="vertical-align: bottom; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">The
    Chairman of Keypoint is Eugene Jiang's mother.</font></td></tr>
<tr style="background-color: white; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <td style="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Yoshinobu
    Odaira (the "Odaira")</font></td>
    <td style="vertical-align: bottom; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</font></td>
    <td style="vertical-align: bottom; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Director
    of the Company</font></td></tr>
<tr style="background-color: #CCEEFF; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <td style="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Euro-Asia
    Investment &#38; Finance Corp Ltd. (the "Euro-Asia")</font></td>
    <td style="vertical-align: bottom; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</font></td>
    <td style="vertical-align: bottom; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Shareholder
    of the Company</font></td></tr>
<tr style="background-color: white; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <td style="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Kimho
    Consultants Co., Ltd. (the "Kimho")</font></td>
    <td style="vertical-align: bottom; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</font></td>
    <td style="vertical-align: bottom; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Shareholder
    of the Company</font></td></tr>
<tr style="background-color: #CCEEFF; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <td style="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">BioKey,
    Inc. (the "BioKey")</font></td>
    <td style="vertical-align: bottom; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</font></td>
    <td style="vertical-align: bottom; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">One
    of wholly-owned subsidiaries of ABVC upon closing of the Mergers on February 8, 2019</font></td></tr>
</table>
<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><b>&#160;</b></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><u>Other
receivable - related parties</u></font></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</font></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Amount
due from related parties consisted of the following as of the periods indicated:</font></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><b>&#160;</b></font></p>

<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center">&#160;</td><td style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center">December 31,</td><td style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</td><td style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center">December&#160;31,</td><td style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center">&#160;</td><td style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid">2018</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</td><td style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid">2017</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="width: 76%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">BioFirst (Australia)</td><td style="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 1%; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">$</td><td style="width: 9%; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">40,000</td><td style="width: 1%; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 1%; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">$</td><td style="width: 9%; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;-</td><td style="width: 1%; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 4pt; padding-left: 0.125in">Total</td><td style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 4pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">$</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">40,000</td><td style="padding-bottom: 4pt; font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 4pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">$</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">-</td><td style="padding-bottom: 4pt; font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
</table>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</font></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><u>Due
to related parties</u></font></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</font></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Amount
due to related parties consisted of the following as of the periods indicated:</font></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</font></p>

<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center">&#160;</td><td style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center">December 31,</td><td style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</td><td style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center">December 31,</td><td style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center">&#160;</td><td style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid">2018</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</td><td style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid">2017</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="width: 76%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">BioLite Inc.</td><td style="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">$</td><td style="width: 9%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">58,684</td><td style="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">$</td><td style="width: 9%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">109,220</td><td style="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">BioFirst Corporation</td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">4,151,301</td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">3,957,000</td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">AsianGene Corporation</td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">160,000</td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">160,000</td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
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<tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
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<tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
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</table>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</font></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><u>Related
party transactions</u></font></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</font></p>

<table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
<tr style="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">

    <td style="width: 29px; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">(1)</font></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">During
    the years ended December 31, 2018 and 2017, BioLite has advanced funds to the Company for working capital purpose. The advances
    bear 0% interest rate and are due on demand. As of December 31,2018 and 2017, the outstanding advance balance was $58,684
    and $109,2220, respectively.</font></td></tr>

<tr style="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify">&#160;</td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">

    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">(2)</font></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">On
    January 26, 2017, the Company and BioFirst entered into a loan agreement for a total commitment (non-secured indebtedness)
    of $950,000 to meet its working capital needs. Under the terms of the loan agreement, the loan bears interest at 1% per month
    (or equivalent to 12% per annum) and the Company is required to pay interest monthly to the lender. The loan will be matured
    on February 1, 2018. As of December 31, 2018 and 2017, the outstanding loan balance is $692,980 and $950,000, and accrued
    interest is $281 and $17,460, respectively. Interest expenses in connection with this loan were $104,331 and $103,460 for
    the years ended December 31, 2018 and 2017, respectively.</font></td></tr>

<tr style="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify">&#160;</td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">

    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">(3)</font></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">On
    July 24, 2017, BriVision entered into a collaborative agreement (the "BioFirst Collaborative Agreement") with
    BioFirst (See Note 4). On September 25, 2017, BioFirst has delivered all research, technical, data and development data to
    BriVision, and the Company has recorded the full amount of $3,000,000 due to BioFirst. No payment has been made by the Company
    as of the date of this propsectus.</font></td></tr>

</table>

<p style="margin: 0">&#160;</p>

<table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
<tr style="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">

    <td style="width: 29px; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">(4)</font></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">During
    the years ended December 31, 2018 and 2017, BioFirst has also advanced funds to the Company for working capital purpose. The
    advances bear 0% interest rate and are due on demand. As of December 31,2018 and 2017, the outstanding advance balance was
    $458,321 and $7,000, respectively.</font></td></tr>

<tr style="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify">&#160;</td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">

    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">(5)</font></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">In
    September 2017, AsianGene entered an investment and equity transfer agreement (the "Investment and Equity Transfer Agreement")
    with Everfront Biotech Inc. (the "Everfront"), a third party. Pursuant to the Investment and Equity Transfer Agreement,
    Everfront agreed to purchase 2,000,000 common shares of the Company owned by AsianGene at $1.60 per share in a total amount
    of $3,200,000, of which $160,000 is due before September 15, 2017 and the remaining amount of $3,040,000 is due before December
    15, 2017. AsianGene also agreed to loan the proceeds to the Company for working capital purpose. The non-secured loan bears
    0% interest rate and is due on demand. As of December 31, 2018 and 2017, the outstanding loan balance was $160,000 and accrued
    interest was $12,866 and $0, respectively. Interest expenses in connection with this loan were $18,411 and $0 for the years
    ended December 31, 2018 and 2017, respectively.</font></td></tr>

<tr style="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify">&#160;</td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">

    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">(6)</font></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">As
    of December 31, 2018 and 2017, YuanGene Corporation has advanced an aggregate amount of $42,690 and $3,000, respectively,
    to the Company for working capital purpose. The advances bear 0% interest rate and are due on demand.</font></td></tr>

<tr style="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify">&#160;</td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">

    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">(7)</font></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">On
    January 18, 2018, the Company and YuanGene entered into a loan agreement for a total of $50,000 to meet its working capital
    needs. Under the terms of the loan agreement, the loan bears interest at 1% per month (or equivalent to 12% per annum) and
    the Company is required to pay interest monthly to the lender. The maturity date of this loan is January 19, 2019. As of December
    31, 2018 and December 31, 2017, the outstanding loan balance was $50,000 and $0, and accrued interest was $5,721 and $0, respectively.
    Interest expenses in connection with this loan were $5,721 and $0 for the years ended December 31, 2018 and 2017, respectively.</font></td></tr>

<tr style="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify">&#160;</td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">

    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">(8)</font></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">As
    of December 31, 2018 and December 31, 2017, the Chairman, Eugene Jiang, of the Company has advanced an aggregate amount of
    $100 to the Company for working capital purpose. The advances bear 0% interest rate and are due on demand.</font></td></tr>

<tr style="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify">&#160;</td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">

    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">(9)</font></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">On
    June 27, 2018, the Company issued an eighteen-month term unsecured convertible promissory note (the "Keypoint Note")
    in the aggregate principal amount of $250,000 to Keypoint Technology Ltd. ("Keypoint") (See Note 7). The Company
    received $250,000 which bears interest at 8% per annum. Interest expense in connection with this Keypoint Note was $10,222
    and $0 for the years ended December 31, 2018 and 2017, respectively.</font></td></tr>

<tr style="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify">&#160;</td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">

    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">(10)</font></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">On
    August 25, 2018, the Company issued an eighteen-month term unsecured convertible promissory note (the "Odaira Note")
    in the aggregate principal amount of $250,000 to Yoshinobu Odaira ("Odaira") (See Note 7). The Company received
    $250,000 on November 29, 2018 which bears interest at 8% per annum. Interest expense in connection with this Odaira Note was
    $1,778 and $0 for the years ended December 31, 2018 and 2017, respectively.</font></td></tr>

<tr style="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify">&#160;</td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">

    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">(11)</font></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">On
    January 1, 2017, Kimho Consultants Co., Ltd. and the Company entered into a service agreement (the "Kimho Agreement")
    for the maintenance of the listing in the U.S. stock exchange market. During the years ended December 31, 2018 and 2017, the
    Company recognized non-employee stock based compensation expenses of $0 and $90,000 in connection with the terms in the Kimho
    Agreement, respectively.</font></td></tr>

</table>

<p style="margin: 0">&#160;</p>

<table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
<tr style="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">

    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 29px"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">(12)</font></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">On
    January 1, 2017, Euro-Asia Investment &#38; Finance Corp Ltd. and the Company entered into a service agreement (the "Euro-Asia
    Agreement") for the maintenance of the listing in the U.S. stock exchange market. During the years ended December 31,
    2018 and 2017, the Company recognized non-employee stock based compensation expenses of $0 and $60,000 in connection with
    the terms in the Euro-Asia Agreement, respectively.</font></td></tr>

<tr style="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify">&#160;</td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">

    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">(13)</font></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">During
    the year ended December 31, 2017, the Company provided a one-time consulting service to LionGene Corporation for $70,000.
    Since both LionGene and the Company are related parties and under common control by a controlling beneficiary shareholder
    of YuanGene Corporation, the Company has recorded the full amount of $70,000 as additional paid-in capital during the year
    ended September 30, 2017.</font></td></tr>

<tr style="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify">&#160;</td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">

    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">(14)</font></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">During
    the year ended September 30, 2017, the Company entered an operating lease agreement with AsianGene for an office space in
    Taiwan for the period from October 1, 2016 to July 31, 2017. The monthly base rent is approximately $5,000. Rent expenses
    under this lease agreement amounted to $0 and $52,205 for the years ended December 31, 2018 and 2017, respectively.</font></td></tr>

<tr style="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify">&#160;</td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">

    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">(15)</font></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">On
    October 2, 2018, the Company and BioKey entered into an operating lease agreement for an office space in Fremont, California.
    The lease can be terminated one month in advance provided with written notice. The monthly base rent is $800. Rent expenses
    under this lease agreement amounted to $2,400 and $0 for the years ended December 31, 2018 and 2017, respectively.</font></td></tr></table><span></span>
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<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The entire disclosure for related party transactions. Examples of related party transactions include transactions between (a) a parent company and its subsidiary; (b) subsidiaries of a common parent; (c) and entity and its principal owners; and (d) affiliates.</p></div>
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<span style="display: none;">v3.19.2</span><table class="report" border="0" cellspacing="2" id="idp6783769024">
<tr>
<th class="tl" colspan="1" rowspan="2"><div style="width: 200px;"><strong>Equity<br></strong></div></th>
<th class="th" colspan="1">3 Months Ended</th>
<th class="th" colspan="1">12 Months Ended</th>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="th"><div>Mar. 31, 2019</div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Dec. 31, 2018</div></th>
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<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_EquityAbstract', window );"><strong>Equity [Abstract]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
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<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
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<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_StockholdersEquityNoteDisclosureTextBlock', window );">EQUITY</a></td>
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EQUITY</b></font></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><b>&#160;</b></font></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">During
October 2015, $350,000 of subscription receivable was fully collected from the shareholders.</font></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><b>&#160;</b></font></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">On
February 8, 2016, a Share Exchange Agreement ("Share Exchange Agreement") was entered into by and among American BriVision
(Holding) Corporation (the&#160;"Company"), American BriVision Corporation&#160;("BriVision"), Euro-Asia
Investment &#38; Finance Corp. Limited, a company incorporated under the laws of Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of People's
Republic of China ("Euro-Asia"), being the owners of record of 164,387,376 (52,336,000 pre-stock split) shares of
Common Stock of the Company, and the owners of record of all of the issued share capital of BriVision (the&#160;"BriVision
Stock"). Pursuant to the Share Exchange Agreement, upon surrender by the BriVision Shareholders and the cancellation by
BriVision of the certificates evidencing the BriVision Stock as registered in the name of each BriVision Shareholder, and pursuant
to the registration of the Company in the register of members maintained by BriVision as the new holder of the BriVision Stock
and the issuance of the certificates evidencing the aforementioned registration of the BriVision Stock in the name of the Company,
the Company should issue 166,273,921(52,936,583 pre-stock split) shares (the&#160;"Acquisition Stock") (subject to
adjustment for fractionalized shares as set forth below) of the Company's Common Stock to the BriVision Shareholders (or
their designees), and 163,159,952 (51,945,225 pre-stock split) shares of the Company's Common Stock owned by Euro-Asia should
be cancelled and retired to treasury. The Acquisition Stock collectively should represent 79.70% of the issued and outstanding
Common Stock of the Company immediately after the Closing, in exchange for the BriVision Stock, representing 100% of the issued
share capital of BriVision in a reverse merger, or the Merger. Pursuant to the Merger, all of the issued and outstanding shares
of BriVision's Common Stock were converted, at an exchange ratio of 0.2536-for-1, into an aggregate of 166,273,921(52,936,583
pre-stock split) shares of Company's Common Stock and BriVision became a wholly owned subsidiary, of the Company. The holders
of Company's Common Stock as of immediately prior to the Merger held an aggregate of 205,519,223 (65,431,144 pre-stock split)
shares of Company's Common Stock,&#160;Because of the exchange of the BriVision Stock for the Acquisition Stock (the&#160;"Share
Exchange"), BriVision became a wholly owned subsidiary (the "Subsidiary") of the Company and there was a change
of control of the Company following the closing. There were no warrants, options or other equity instruments issued in connection
with the share exchange agreement.</font></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><b>&#160;</b></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">On
February 17, 2016, pursuant to the 2016 Equity Incentive Plan (the "2016 Plan"), 157,050 (50,000 pre-stock split)
shares were granted to the employees.</font></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><b>&#160;</b></font></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">On
March 21, 2016, the Board of Directors of the Company approved an amendment to Articles of Incorporation to effect a forward split
at a ratio of 1 to 3:141 (the "Forward&#160;Stock&#160;Split") and increase the number of our authorized shares of
Common Stock, par value $0.001 per share, to 360,000,000, which was effective on April 8, 2016.</font></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><b>&#160;</b></font></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">On
May 6, 2016, the Company and BioLite Taiwan agreed to amend the BioLite Collaborative Agreement, through entry into the Milestone
Payment Agreement, whereby the Company has agreed to issue shares of Common Stock of the Company, at the price of $1.60 per share,
for an aggregate number of 562,500 shares, as part of the Company's first installation of payment pursuant to the Milestone
Payment. The shares issuance was completed in June 2016.&#160;On August 26, 2016, the Company issued 1,468,750 shares ("Shares")
of the Company's Common Stock, par value $0.001 (the "Offering") to BioLite Taiwan pursuant to a certain Stock
Purchase Agreement dated August 26, 2016 (the "SPA"). The Shares are exempt from the registration requirements of
the Securities Act of 1933, as amended (the "Securities Act"), pursuant to Regulation&#160;S of the Securities Act
promulgated thereunder. The purchase price per share of the Offering is $1.60. The net proceeds to the Company from the Offering
are approximately $2,350,000. Pursuant to the BioLite Collaborative Agreement, BriVision should pay a total of $100,000,000 in
cash or stock of the Company with equivalent value according to the milestone achieved. The agreement requires that 6.5% of total
payment, $6,500,000 shall be made upon the first IND submission which was submitted in March 2016. In February 2017, the Company
remitted this amount to BioLite with $650,000 in cash and $5,850,000 in the form of newly issued shares of the Company's
Common Stock, at the price of $2.0 per share, for an aggregate number of 2,925,000 shares. Upon the consummation of the restructuring
transaction between the Company and BioLite on February 8, 2019, the Company's Common Stock held by BioLite Taiwan was accounted
for treasury stocks in the statement of equity (deficit).</font></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><b>&#160;</b></font></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">On
May 3, 2019, the Company filed a Certificate of Amendment with the Secretary of State of Nevada, which was effective May 8, 2019
upon its receipt of the written notice from Financial Industry Regulatory Authority ("FINRA"). Pursuant to the Certificate
of Amendment, the Company effectuated a 1-for-18 reverse stock split of its issued and outstanding shares of common stock, $0.001
par value, whereby 318,485,252 outstanding shares of the Company's common stock were exchanged for 17,693,625 shares of
the Company's Common Stock. All shares and related financial information in this Form 10-Q reflect this 1-for-18 reverse
stock split.</font></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><b>&#160;</b></font></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">On
October 1, 2016, the Company entered into a consulting agreement with Kazunori Kameyama ("Kameyama") for the provision
of services related to the clinical trials and other administrative work, public relation work, capital raising, trip coordination,
In consideration for providing such services, the Company agreed to indemnify the consultant in an amount of $150 per hour in
cash up to $3,000 per month, and issue to Kameyama the Company's Common Stock at $1.00 per share for any amount exceeding
$3,000. The Company's stocks shall be calculated and issued in December every year. On October 1, 2017, the Company and
Kameyama agreed to extend the service period for one more year expiring on September 30, 2018. As a result, the non-employee stock-based
compensation related to this consulting agreement was $28,800 and $5,400 for the years ended December 31, 2018 and 2017, respectively.
On March 28, 2018, the Company issued 4,828 shares of the Company's common stock at $1.60 per share in a total of $7,725
to Kameyama in connection with this consulting agreement.</font></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</font></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">On
January 1, 2017, Euro-Asia Investment &#38; Finance Corp Ltd. and the Company entered into a service agreement (the "Euro-Asia
Agreement") for the maintenance of the listing in the U.S. stock exchange market. During the years ended December 31, 2018
and 2017, the Company recognized non-employee stock based compensation expenses of $0 and $60,000 in connection with the terms
in the Euro-Asia Agreement, respectively. On March 28, 2018, the Company issued 50,000 shares of the Company's common stock
at $1.60 per share in a total of $80,000 to Euro-Asia in connection with the Euro-Asia Agreement.</font></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 0">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">On
January 1, 2017, Kimho Consultants Co., Ltd. and the Company entered into a service agreement (the "Kimho Agreement")
for the maintenance of the listing in the U.S. stock exchange market. During the years ended December 31, 2018 and 2017, the Company
recognized non-employee stock based compensation expenses of $0 and $90,000 in connection with the terms in the Kimho Agreement,
respectively. On March 28, 2018, the Company issued 75,000 shares of the Company's common stock at $1.60 per share in a
total of $120,000 to Kimho in connection with the Kimho Agreement.</font></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</font></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Pursuant
to ASC 505-50-30, the transactions with the non-employees were measured based on the fair value of the equity instruments issued
as the Company determined that the fair value of the equity instruments issued in a stock-based payment transaction with nonemployees
was more reliably measurable than the fair value of the consideration received. The Company measured the fair value of the equity
instruments in these transactions using the stock price on the date at which the commitments Kameyama, Euro-Asia, and Kimho for
performance were rendered.</font></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</font></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">On
March 28, 2018, the Company also issued an aggregate of 50,000 shares of the Company's common stock at $1.60 per share for
salaries in a total of $80,000 to three officers.</font></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</font></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">On
February 8, 2019, after the Merger, the Company issued 74,997,546 shares to the shareholders of BioLite and 29,561,231 shares
to the shareholders of BioKey.</font></p><span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"><p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><b>9.
EQUITY</b></font></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><b>&#160;</b></font></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">During
October 2015, $350,000 of subscription receivable was fully collected from the shareholders.</font></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</font></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">On
February 8, 2016, a Share Exchange Agreement ("Share Exchange Agreement") was entered into by and among American BriVision
(Holding) Corporation (the&#160;"Company"), American BriVision Corporation&#160;("BriVision"), Euro-Asia
Investment &#38; Finance Corp. Limited, a company incorporated under the laws of Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of People's
Republic of China ("Euro-Asia"), being the owners of record of 164,387,376 (52,336,000 pre-stock split) shares of
Common Stock of the Company, and the owners of record of all of the issued share capital of BriVision (the&#160;"BriVision
Stock"). Pursuant to the Share Exchange Agreement, upon surrender by the BriVision Shareholders and the cancellation by
BriVision of the certificates evidencing the BriVision Stock as registered in the name of each BriVision Shareholder, and pursuant
to the registration of the Company in the register of members maintained by BriVision as the new holder of the BriVision Stock
and the issuance of the certificates evidencing the aforementioned registration of the BriVision Stock in the name of the Company,
the Company should issue 166,273,921(52,936,583 pre-stock split) shares (the&#160;"Acquisition Stock") (subject to
adjustment for fractionalized shares as set forth below) of the Company's Common Stock to the BriVision Shareholders (or
their designees), and 163,159,952 (51,945,225 pre-stock split) shares of the Company's Common Stock owned by Euro-Asia should
be cancelled and retired to treasury. The Acquisition Stock collectively should represent 79.70% of the issued and outstanding
Common Stock of the Company immediately after the Closing, in exchange for the BriVision Stock, representing 100% of the issued
share capital of BriVision in a reverse merger, or the Merger. Pursuant to the Merger, all of the issued and outstanding shares
of BriVision's Common Stock were converted, at an exchange ratio of 0.2536-for-1, into an aggregate of 166,273,921(52,936,583
pre-stock split) shares of Company's Common Stock and BriVision became a wholly owned subsidiary, of the Company. The holders
of Company's Common Stock as of immediately prior to the Merger held an aggregate of 205,519,223 (65,431,144 pre-stock split)
shares of Company's Common Stock,&#160;Because of the exchange of the BriVision Stock for the Acquisition Stock (the&#160;"Share
Exchange"), BriVision became a wholly owned subsidiary (the "Subsidiary") of the Company and there was a change
of control of the Company following the closing. There were no warrants, options or other equity instruments issued in connection
with the share exchange agreement.</font></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</font></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">On
February 17, 2016, pursuant to the 2016 Equity Incentive Plan (the "2016 Plan"), 157,050 (50,000 pre-stock split)
shares were granted to the employees.</font></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">On
March 21, 2016, the Board of Directors of the Company approved an amendment to Articles of Incorporation to effect a forward split
at a ratio of 1 to 3:141 (the "Forward&#160;Stock&#160;Split") and increase the number of our authorized shares of
Common Stock, par value $0.001 per share, to 360,000,000, which was effective on April 8, 2016.</font></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</font></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">The
majority of the shareholders of the Company approved the amendment to Articles of Incorporation.</font></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</font></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">On
May 6, 2016, the Company and BioLite agreed to amend the BioLite Collaborative Agreement, through entry into the Milestone Payment
Agreement, whereby the Company has agreed to issue shares of our Common Stock, at the price of $1.60 per share, for an aggregate
number of 562,500 shares, as part of our first installation of payment pursuant to the Milestone Payment. The shares issuance
was completed in June 2016.</font></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</font></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">On
August 26, 2016, the Company issued 1,468,750 shares ("Shares") of the Company's Common Stock, par value $0.001
(the "Offering") to BioLite, Inc., a non-U.S. accredited investor (the "Purchaser") pursuant to a certain
Stock Purchase Agreement dated August 26, 2016 (the "SPA"). The Shares are exempt from the registration requirements
of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended (the "Securities Act"), pursuant to Regulation&#160;S of the Securities
Act promulgated thereunder. The purchase price per share of the Offering is $1.60. The net proceeds to the Company from the Offering
are approximately $2,350,000. The proceeds may be used for general corporate purposes.&#160;</font></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</font></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Pursuant
to the BioLite Collaborative Agreement (See Note 4), BriVision should pay a total of $100,000,000 in cash or stock of the Company
with equivalent value according to the milestone achieved. The agreement requires that 6.5% of total payment, $6,500,000 shall
be made upon the first IND submission which was submitted in March 2016. In February 2017, the Company remitted this amount to
BioLite with $650,000 in cash and $5,850,000 in the form of newly issued shares of our Common Stock, at the price of $2.0 per
share, for an aggregate number of 2,925,000 shares.</font></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</font></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">On
October 1, 2016, the Company entered into a consulting agreement with Kazunori Kameyama ("Kameyama") for the provision
of services related to the clinical trials and other administrative work, public relation work, capital raising, trip coordination,
In consideration for providing such services, the Company agreed to indemnify the consultant in an amount of $150 per hour in
cash up to $3,000 per month, and issue to Kameyama the Company's Common Stock at $1.00 per share for any amount exceeding
$3,000. The Company's stocks shall be calculated and issued in December every year. On October 1, 2017, the Company and
Kameyama agreed to extend the service period for one more year expiring on September 30, 2018. As a result, the non-employee stock-based
compensation related to this consulting agreement was $28,800 and $5,400 for the years ended December 31, 2018 and 2017, respectively.
On March 28, 2018, the Company issued 4,828 shares of the Company's common stock at $1.60 per share in a total of $7,725
to Kameyama in connection with this consulting agreement.</font></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</font></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">On
January 1, 2017, Euro-Asia Investment &#38; Finance Corp Ltd. and the Company entered into a service agreement (the "Euro-Asia
Agreement") for the maintenance of the listing in the U.S. stock exchange market. During the years ended December 31, 2018
and 2017, the Company recognized non-employee stock based compensation expenses of $0 and $60,000 in connection with the terms
in the Euro-Asia Agreement, respectively. On March 28, 2018, the Company issued 50,000 shares of the Company's common stock
at $1.60 per share in a total of $80,000 to Euro-Asia in connection with the Euro-Asia Agreement.</font></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0; text-align: center; margin-bottom: 0"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</font></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">On
January 1, 2017, Kimho Consultants Co., Ltd. and the Company entered into a service agreement (the "Kimho Agreement")
for the maintenance of the listing in the U.S. stock exchange market. During the years ended December 31, 2018 and 2017, the Company
recognized non-employee stock based compensation expenses of $0 and $90,000 in connection with the terms in the Kimho Agreement,
respectively. On March 28, 2018, the Company issued 75,000 shares of the Company's common stock at $1.60 per share in a
total of $120,000 to Kimho in connection with the Kimho Agreement.</font></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</font></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Pursuant
to ASC 505-50-30, the transactions with the non-employees were measured based on the fair value of the equity instruments issued
as the Company determined that the fair value of the equity instruments issued in a stock-based payment transaction with nonemployees
was more reliably measurable than the fair value of the consideration received. The Company measured the fair value of the equity
instruments in these transactions using the stock price on the date at which the commitments Kameyama, Euro-Asia, and Kimho for
performance were rendered.</font></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</font></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">On
March 28, 2018, the Company also issued an aggregate of 50,000 shares of the Company's common stock at $1.60 per share for
salaries in a total of $80,000 to three officers.</font></p><span></span>
</td>
</tr>
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<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The entire disclosure for shareholders' equity comprised of portions attributable to the parent entity and noncontrolling interest, including other comprehensive income. Includes, but is not limited to, balances of common stock, preferred stock, additional paid-in capital, other capital and retained earnings, accumulated balance for each classification of other comprehensive income and amount of comprehensive income.</p></div>
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<span style="display: none;">v3.19.2</span><table class="report" border="0" cellspacing="2" id="idp6796495472">
<tr>
<th class="tl" colspan="1" rowspan="2"><div style="width: 200px;"><strong>Income Tax<br></strong></div></th>
<th class="th" colspan="1">12 Months Ended</th>
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<tr><th class="th"><div>Dec. 31, 2018</div></th></tr>
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<td class="text"><p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><b>10.
INCOME TAX</b></font></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><b>&#160;</b></font></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">The
Company files income tax returns in the U.S. federal jurisdiction, and various state and local jurisdictions. The Company is no
longer subject to U.S. federal, state and local income tax examinations by tax authorities for years before 2013.</font></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</font></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">On
December 22, 2017 H.R. 1, originally known as the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act, (the "Tax Act") was enacted. Among the significant
changes to the U.S. Internal Revenue Code, the Tax Act lowers the U.S. federal corporate income tax rate ("Federal Tax Rate")
from 35% to 21% effective January 1, 2018. The 21% Federal Tax Rate will apply to earnings reported for the full 2018 fiscal year.
In addition, the Company must re-measure its net deferred tax assets and liabilities using the Federal Tax Rate that will apply
when these amounts are expected to reverse. As of December 31, 2017, the Company can determine a reasonable estimate for certain
effects of tax reform and recorded that estimate as a provisional amount. The provisional remeasurement of the deferred tax assets
and allowance valuation of deferred tax assets at December 31, 2017 resulted in a net effect of $0 discrete tax expenses (benefit)
which lowered the effective tax rate by 14% for the year ended December 31, 2017. The provisional remeasurement amount is anticipated
to change as data becomes available allowing more accurate scheduling of the deferred tax assets and liabilities primarily related
to net operating loss carryover.&#160;</font></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</font></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Components
of income tax (benefits) for the twelve months ended December 31, 2018 and 2017 are as follows:</font></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</font></p>

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<tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
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<tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
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<tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 4pt">&#160;</td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 4pt">&#160;</td>
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</table>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</font></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Significant
components of the Company's deferred tax accounts at December 31, 2018 and September 30, 2017:</font></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</font></p>

<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&#160;</td><td style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&#160;</td>
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<tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
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<tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
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<tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
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<tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
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</table>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</font></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">The
difference between the effective rate reflected in the provision for income taxes on loss before taxes and the amounts determined
by applying the applicable statutory U.S. tax rate are analyzed below:</font></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</font></p>

<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</td><td style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="6" style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid">Years
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<tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
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<tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
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<tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
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<tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
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<tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
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<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The entire disclosure for income taxes. Disclosures may include net deferred tax liability or asset recognized in an enterprise's statement of financial position, net change during the year in the total valuation allowance, approximate tax effect of each type of temporary difference and carryforward that gives rise to a significant portion of deferred tax liabilities and deferred tax assets, utilization of a tax carryback, and tax uncertainties information.</p></div>
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<span style="display: none;">v3.19.2</span><table class="report" border="0" cellspacing="2" id="idp6779002480">
<tr>
<th class="tl" colspan="1" rowspan="2"><div style="width: 200px;"><strong>Loss per Share<br></strong></div></th>
<th class="th" colspan="1">3 Months Ended</th>
<th class="th" colspan="1">12 Months Ended</th>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="th"><div>Mar. 31, 2019</div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Dec. 31, 2018</div></th>
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<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_EarningsPerShareAbstract', window );"><strong>Earnings Per Share [Abstract]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
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<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_EarningsPerShareTextBlock', window );">LOSS PER SHARE</a></td>
<td class="text"><p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><b>13.
LOSS PER SHARE</b></font></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</font></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Basic
loss per share is computed by dividing net loss by the weighted-average number of common shares outstanding during the year. Diluted
loss per share is computed by dividing net loss by the weighted-average number of common shares and dilutive potential common
shares outstanding during the years ended March 31, 2019 and 2018.&#160;</font></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</font></p>

<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center">&#160;</td><td style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid">Mar
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    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Numerator:</td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</td>
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    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</td>
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    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</td>
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<tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; padding-bottom: 4pt">Weighted-average shares outstanding
    - Basic</td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 4pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">14,965,665</td><td style="padding-bottom: 4pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 4pt">&#160;</td>
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<tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; padding-bottom: 4pt">Stock options</td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 4pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">-</td><td style="padding-bottom: 4pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 4pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">-</td><td style="padding-bottom: 4pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; padding-bottom: 4pt">Weighted-average shares outstanding
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    <td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">14,965,665</td><td style="padding-bottom: 4pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 4pt">&#160;</td>
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<tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Loss per share</td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 4pt">-Basic</td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 4pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">$</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">(0.05</td><td style="padding-bottom: 4pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">)</td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 4pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">$</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">(0.05</td><td style="padding-bottom: 4pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">)</td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 4pt">-Diluted</td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 4pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">$</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">(0.05</td><td style="padding-bottom: 4pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">)</td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 4pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">$</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">(0.05</td><td style="padding-bottom: 4pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">)</td></tr>
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<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><b>&#160;</b></font></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Diluted
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were exercised and converted into Common Stock.</font></p><span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"><p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><b>11.
LOSS PER SHARE</b></font></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</font></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Basic
loss per share is computed by dividing net loss by the weighted-average number of common shares outstanding during the year. Diluted
loss per share is computed by dividing net loss by the weighted-average number of common shares and dilutive potential common
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<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</font></p>

<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
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<tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center">&#160;</td><td style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&#160;</td>
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<tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
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    <td colspan="2" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</td>
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<tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
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    <td style="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">$</td><td style="width: 9%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">(4,101,303</td><td style="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">)</td><td style="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">$</td><td style="width: 9%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">(4,242,860</td><td style="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">)</td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
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<tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
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<tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
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<tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
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<tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
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<tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
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<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><b>&#160;</b></font></p>

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<span style="display: none;">v3.19.2</span><table class="report" border="0" cellspacing="2" id="idp6783681920">
<tr>
<th class="tl" colspan="1" rowspan="2"><div style="width: 200px;"><strong>Lease<br></strong></div></th>
<th class="th" colspan="1">3 Months Ended</th>
</tr>
<tr><th class="th"><div>Mar. 31, 2019</div></th></tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_LeasesAbstract', window );"><strong>Leases [Abstract]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_abvcd_LeaseTextBlock', window );">LEASE</a></td>
<td class="text"><p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><b>14.
LEASE</b></font></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</font></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">The
Company adopted FASB Accounting Standards Codification, Topic 842, Leases ("ASC 842") using the modified retrospective
approach, electing the practical expedient that allows the Company not to restate its comparative periods prior to the adoption
of the standard on January 1, 2019. As such, the disclosures required under ASC 842 are not presented for periods before the date
of adoption. For the comparative periods prior to adoption, the Company presented the disclosures which were required under ASC
840.</font></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">The
Company applied the following practical expedients in the transition to the new standard and allowed under ASC 842:</font></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</font></p>

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<tr style="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <td style="width: 24px; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</font></td>
    <td style="width: 24px; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#9679;</font></td>
    <td style="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Reassessment
    of expired or existing contracts: The Company elected not to reassess, at the application date, whether any expired or existing
    contracts contained leases, the lease classification for any expired or existing leases, and the accounting for initial direct
    costs for any existing leases.</font></td></tr>
</table>
<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0; text-align: center"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</font></p>

<table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
<tr style="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
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    of hindsight: The Company elected to use hindsight in determining the lease term (that is, when considering options to extend
    or terminate the lease and to purchase the underlying asset) and in assessing impairment of right-to-use assets.</font></td></tr>
</table>
<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0; text-align: center"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</font></p>

<table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
<tr style="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
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    of existing or expired land easements: The Company elected not to evaluate existing or expired land easements that were not
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    or modified land easements will be evaluated under ASU No. 2016-02.</font></td></tr>
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<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0; text-align: center"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</font></p>

<table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
<tr style="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
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<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0; text-align: center"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</font></p>

<table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
<tr style="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
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    assets or lease liabilities for leases with a term less than 12 months.</font></td></tr>
</table>
<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0; text-align: center"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</font></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">The
new leasing standard requires recognition of leases on the consolidated balance sheets as right-of-use ("ROU") assets
and lease liabilities. ROU assets represent the Company's right to use underlying assets for the lease terms and lease liabilities
represent the Company's obligation to make lease payments arising from the leases. Operating lease ROU assets and operating
lease liabilities are recognized based on the present value and future minimum lease payments over the lease term at commencement
date. The Company's future minimum based payments used to determine the Company's lease liabilities mainly include
minimum based rent payments. As most of Company's leases do not provide an implicit rate, the Company uses its estimated
incremental borrowing rate based on the information available at commencement date in determining the present value of lease payments.</font></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</font></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">The
Company recognized lease liabilities, with corresponding ROU assets, based on the present value of unpaid lease payments for existing
operating leases longer than twelve months as of January 1, 2019. The ROU assets were adjusted per ASC 842 transition guidance
for existing lease-related balances of accrued and prepaid rent, unamortized lease incentives provided by lessors, and restructuring
liabilities.</font></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</font></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">The
adoption of ASC 842 had a substantial impact on the Company's consolidated balance sheets. The most significant impact was
the recognition of the operating lease right-of-use assets and the liability for operating leases. Accordingly, adoption of this
standard resulted in the recognition of operating lease right-of-use assets of $577,830 and operating lease liabilities of $598,937
comprised of $301,105 of current operating lease liabilities and $297,832 of non-current operating lease liabilities on the condensed
consolidated balance sheet as of January 1, 2019. The adoption of ASC 842 also resulted in a cumulative-effect adjustment of $(21,107)
to the opening balance of accumulated deficit.</font></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</font></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">In
addition, the adoption of the standard did not have a material impact on the Company's results of operations or cash flows.
Operating lease cost is recognized as a single lease cost on a straight-line basis over the lease term and is recorded in Selling,
general and administrative expenses. Variable lease payments for common area maintenance, property taxes and other operating expenses
are recognized as expense in the period when the changes in facts and circumstances on which the variable lease payments are based
occur.</font></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</font></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">The
Company has no finance leases. The Company's leases primarily include various office and laboratory spaces, copy machine,
and vehicles under various operating lease arrangements. The Company's operating leases have remaining lease terms of up
to approximately two years.</font></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><b>&#160;</b></font></p>

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<tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="width: 88%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; padding-left: 9pt">Operating lease right-of-use
    assets</td><td style="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">$</td><td style="width: 9%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">505,305</td><td style="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">LIABILITIES</td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">Operating lease liabilities (current)</td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">286,212</td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">Operating lease liabilities (noncurrent)</td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">239,647</td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
</table>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><b><i>Supplemental
Information</i></b></font></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</font></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">The
table below presents supplemental information related to operating leases during the&#160;three months ended March 31, 2019</font></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</font></p>

<table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-collapse: collapse">
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <td style="width: 89%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Cash
    paid for amounts included in the measurement of operating lease liabilities</font></td>
    <td style="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</font></td>
    <td style="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$</font></td>
    <td style="width: 8%; text-align: right; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">73,802</font></td>
    <td style="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</font></td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: white; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Weighted
    average remaining lease term</font></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</font></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</font></td>
    <td style="text-align: right; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">1.86
    years</font></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</font></td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Weighted
    average discount rate</font></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</font></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</font></td>
    <td style="text-align: right; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">0.55</font></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">%</font></td></tr>
</table>
<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</font></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">The
minimum future annual payments under non-cancellable leases during the next five years and thereafter, at rates now in force,
are as follows:</font></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</font></p>

<table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-collapse: collapse">
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <td style="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</font></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</font></td>
    <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><b>Operating
    leases</b></font></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</font></td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <td style="width: 89%; text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><b>2019
    (excluding the three months ended March 31, 2019)</b></font></td>
    <td style="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</font></td>
    <td style="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$</font></td>
    <td style="width: 8%; text-align: right; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">228,117</font></td>
    <td style="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</font></td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: white; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <td style="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><b>2020</b></font></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</font></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</font></td>
    <td style="text-align: right; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">258,642</font></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</font></td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <td style="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><b>2021</b></font></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</font></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</font></td>
    <td style="text-align: right; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">41,240</font></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</font></td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: white; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <td style="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><b>Total
    future minimum lease payments, undiscounted</b></font></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</font></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</font></td>
    <td style="text-align: right; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">527,999</font></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</font></td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <td style="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><b>Less:
    Imputed interest</b></font></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</font></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</font></td>
    <td style="text-align: right; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">(2,140</font></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">)</font></td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: white; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <td style="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><b>Present
    value of future minimum lease payments</b></font></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</font></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$</font></td>
    <td style="text-align: right; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">525,859</font></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</font></td></tr></table><span></span>
</td>
</tr>
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<span style="display: none;">v3.19.2</span><table class="report" border="0" cellspacing="2" id="idp6603858992">
<tr>
<th class="tl" colspan="1" rowspan="2"><div style="width: 200px;"><strong>Business Combination<br></strong></div></th>
<th class="th" colspan="1">3 Months Ended</th>
</tr>
<tr><th class="th"><div>Mar. 31, 2019</div></th></tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_BusinessCombinationsAbstract', window );"><strong>Business Combinations [Abstract]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_BusinessCombinationDisclosureTextBlock', window );">BUSINESS COMBINATION</a></td>
<td class="text"><p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><b>15.
BUSINESS COMBINATION</b></font></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><b>&#160;</b></font></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">On
February 8, 2019, the Company consummated the Merger transactions of BioLite and BioKey (See Note 1). Pursuant to the terms of
the Merger Agreement, BioLite and BioKey became two wholly-owned subsidiaries of the Company on February 8, 2019. The Company
adopted ASC 805, "Business Combination" to record the merger transactions of BioKey. The acquisition was accounted
for as a business combination under the purchase method of accounting. BioKey's results of operations were included in the
Company's results beginning February 8, 2019. The purchase price has been allocated to the assets acquired and the liabilities
assumed based on their fair value at the acquisition date as summarized in the following:</font></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</font></p>

<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Purchase consideration:</td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="width: 88%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">Common Stock (*)</td><td style="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">$</td><td style="width: 9%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">44,341,847</td><td style="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Allocation of the purchase price:</td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">Cash and cash equivalents</td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">$</td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">531,147</td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">Accounts receivable, net</td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">188,550</td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">Property and equipment, net</td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">56,075</td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">Operating lease right-of-use assets</td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">485,684</td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">Security deposits</td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">10,440</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">Total assets acquired</td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">1,271,896</td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">Accounts payable</td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">(56,204</td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">)</td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">Accrued expenses and other current liabilities</td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">(251,335</td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">)</td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">Operating lease liability</td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">(267,256</td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">)</td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">Tenant security deposit</td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">(2,880</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">)</td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">Total liabilities assumed</td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">(577,675</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">)</td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">Total net assets acquired</td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">694,221</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; padding-bottom: 4pt">Goodwill as a result of the
    Merger</td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 4pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">$</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">43,647,626</td><td style="padding-bottom: 4pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
</table>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</font></p>

<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0; width: 100%"><tr style="vertical-align: top; text-align: justify">
<td style="width: 0"></td><td style="width: 0.25in; text-align: left"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">*</font></td><td style="text-align: justify"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">29,561,231
shares of ABVC common stock issued to BioKey in connection with the Merger. Those shares were valued at $1.50 per share, based
on the bid-and-ask share price of ABVC Common Stock on the final day of trading, February 8, 2019.</font></td>
</tr></table>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><b>&#160;</b></font></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">On
February 8, 2019, the Company has recorded a 100% goodwill write-down of $43,647,626. Goodwill was determined to have been impaired
because of the current financial condition of the Company and the Company's inability to generate future operating income
without substantial increase in sales volume, which is highly uncertain. Furthermore, the Company's anticipated future cash
flows indicate that the recoverability of goodwill is not reasonably assured. The goodwill write-down was reflected as a decrease
in additional paid-in capital in the statement of equity upon the consummation of the Merger.</font></p><span></span>
</td>
</tr>
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<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The entire disclosure for a business combination (or series of individually immaterial business combinations) completed during the period, including background, timing, and recognized assets and liabilities. The disclosure may include leverage buyout transactions (as applicable).</p></div>
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<span style="display: none;">v3.19.2</span><table class="report" border="0" cellspacing="2" id="idp6794710080">
<tr>
<th class="tl" colspan="1" rowspan="2"><div style="width: 200px;"><strong>Commitments and Contingencies<br></strong></div></th>
<th class="th" colspan="1">12 Months Ended</th>
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<tr><th class="th"><div>Dec. 31, 2018</div></th></tr>
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<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><b>12. COMMITMENTS AND CONTINGENCIES</b></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">Operating Commitment</p>

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<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">The Company leased an office space in Taiwan
under non-cancelable operating leases expired on June 30, 2018. As of December 31, 2018, there was no future minimum lease payments
under non-cancelable operating and capital leases.&#160;</p>

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<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">Rental expense was $7,497 and $49,245 for the
years ended December 31, 2018 and 2017, respectively.&#160;</p>



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<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The entire disclosure for commitments and contingencies.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 450<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/topic&amp;trid=2127136<br><br>Reference 2: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 440<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/topic&amp;trid=2144648<br></p></div>
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<span style="display: none;">v3.19.2</span><table class="report" border="0" cellspacing="2" id="idp6794666448">
<tr>
<th class="tl" colspan="1" rowspan="2"><div style="width: 200px;"><strong>Pro Forma Financial Statements<br></strong></div></th>
<th class="th" colspan="1">12 Months Ended</th>
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<tr><th class="th"><div>Dec. 31, 2018</div></th></tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_BusinessCombinationsAbstract', window );"><strong>Business Combinations [Abstract]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
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<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_abvcd_ProFormaFinancialStatementsTextBlock', window );">Pro Forma Financial Statements</a></td>
<td class="text"><p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><b>13. PRO FORMA FINANCIAL STATEMENTS</b></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><b>&#160;</b></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">On January 31, 2018, American BriVision
(Holding) Corporation (&#8220;ABVC&#8221;, the &#8220;Company&#8221;) entered into an agreement and plan of merger (the &#8220;Merger
Agreement&#8221;) with BioLite Holding, Inc. (&#8220;BioLite&#8221;), a Nevada corporation, BioKey, Inc. (&#8220;BioKey&#8221;),
a California corporation, BioLite Acquisition Corp. (&#8220;Merger Sub 1&#8221;), a Nevada corporation and wholly-owned subsidiary
of the Company, and BioKey Acquisition Corp. (&#8220;Merger Sub 2&#8221;), a California corporation and wholly-owned subsidiary
of the Company.</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">Pursuant to the Merger Agreement, on or
before the Closing of the Merger, each issued and outstanding share of BioLite shall be converted into the right to receive one
point eighty-two (1.82) validly issued, fully-paid and non-assessable shares of the Company and all shares of BioLite shall be
cancelled and cease to exist. Also on or before the Closing of the Merger, each issued and outstanding share of BioKey shall be
converted into the right to receive one (1) validly issued, fully-paid and non-assessable share of the Company and all shares of
BioKey shall be cancelled and cease to exist. Simultaneously upon Closing, BioLite and Merger Sub 1 shall merge together with Merger
Sub 1&#8217;s articles of incorporation and bylaws as the surviving corporation&#8217;s (the &#8220;BioLite Surviving Corporation&#8221;)
articles of incorporation and bylaws and all shares of Merger Sub 1 shall be converted into one share of Common Stock of the BioLite
Surviving Corporation, which shall remain a wholly-owned subsidiary of the Company. In addition, upon Closing, BioKey and Merger
Sub 2 shall merge together with Merger Sub 2&#8217;s articles of incorporation and bylaws as the surviving corporation&#8217;s
(the &#8220;BioKey Surviving Corporation&#8217;s&#8221;) articles of incorporation and bylaws and all shares of Merger Sub 2 shall
be converted into one share of Common Stock of the BioKey Surviving Corporation, which shall remain a wholly-owned subsidiary of
the Company.</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">The following unaudited pro forma condensed
consolidated combined financial statements reflect the combination of the historical consolidated results of ABVC and its subsidiaries,
BioLite, and BioKey on a pro forma basis to give effect to the Merger Agreement.</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white">The unaudited
pro forma condensed consolidated combined balance sheet of the combined company is based on (i)&#160;the audited historical consolidated
balance sheet of ABVC as of December&#160;31, 2018, (ii)&#160;the audited historical balance sheet of BioLite as of December&#160;31,
2018, and the (iii) the audited historical balance sheet of BioKey as of December 31, 2018, and includes pro forma adjustments
as of the Merger had occurred on December&#160;31, 2018.</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white">The unaudited
pro forma condensed consolidated combined statement of operations of the combined company are based on&#160;the following details,
and includes pro forma adjustments as of the Merger had occurred on January 1, 2018.</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in; background-color: white">&#160;</p>

<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0; width: 100%"><tr style="vertical-align: top; text-align: justify">
<td style="width: 0.25in"></td><td style="width: 0.25in; text-align: left"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">(i)</font></td><td style="text-align: justify"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">the
unaudited historical consolidated statement of operations of ABVC for the year ended December 31, 2018.</font></td>
</tr></table>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt">&#160;</p>

<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0; width: 100%"><tr style="vertical-align: top; text-align: justify">
<td style="width: 0.25in"></td><td style="width: 0.25in; text-align: left"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">(ii)</font></td><td style="text-align: justify"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">the
audited historical statement of operations of BioLite for the year ended December 31, 2018.</font></td>
</tr></table>

<p style="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt">&#160;</p>

<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0; width: 100%"><tr style="vertical-align: top; text-align: justify">
<td style="width: 0.25in"></td><td style="width: 0.25in; text-align: left"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">(iii)</font></td><td style="text-align: justify"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">the
audited historical statement of operations of BioKey for the year ended December 31, 2018.</font></td>
</tr></table>


<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; text-align: justify; margin-bottom: 0pt; background-color: white">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white">The unaudited
pro forma data presented herein reflects events that are directly attributable to the described transactions, factually supportable,
and as it relates to the unaudited pro forma condensed consolidated combined statement of operations, expected to have a continuing
impact. The unaudited pro forma data presented herein also reflects certain assumptions which management believes are reasonable.
Such pro forma data is not necessarily indicative of financial results that would have been attained had the described transactions
occurred on the dates indicated above, or the results of the combined company that may be achieved in the future. The adjustments
are based on currently available information and certain estimates and assumptions. Therefore, the actual results may differ from
the pro forma results indicated herein. However, management believes that the assumptions provide a reasonable basis for presenting
the significant effects of the transactions as contemplated and that the pro forma adjustments give appropriate effect to those
assumptions and are properly applied in the unaudited pro forma condensed consolidated combined financial statements.</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white">The unaudited
pro forma condensed consolidated combined financial statements are provided for illustrative purposes only and are not intended
to represent or be indicative of the consolidated results of operations or consolidated financial position of the combined company
that would have been recorded had the Merger been completed as of the dates presented, and they should not be taken as representative
of the expected future results of operations or financial position of the combined company. The unaudited pro forma condensed consolidated
combined financial statements do not reflect the impacts of any potential operational efficiencies, asset dispositions, cost savings
or economies of scale that the combined company may achieve with respect to the operations of the combined company. Additionally,
the unaudited pro forma condensed consolidated combined statement of operations does not include&#160;non-recurring&#160;charges
or credits, and the related tax effects, which result directly from the Merger.</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white"></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center; background-color: white"><b>UNAUDITED PRO
FORMA CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED COMBINED BALANCE SHEET</b></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center; background-color: white"><b>AS OF DECEMBER
31, 2018</b></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; background-color: white"><font style="font-size: 8pt"><b>&#160;</b></font></p>

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<tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td>&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="2" style="font-weight: bold; text-align: center">Pro Forma</td><td style="font-weight: bold">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: center">&#160;</td><td style="font-weight: bold">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="font-weight: bold; text-align: center">Pro Forma</td><td style="font-weight: bold">&#160;</td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td>&#160;</td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&#160;</td>
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<tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
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<tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
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<tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
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<tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
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<tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
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<tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
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<tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
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<tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
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<tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
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<tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
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<tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
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<tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
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<tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
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<tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
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<tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
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<tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
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    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
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<tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
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<tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
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<tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
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<tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
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<tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
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<tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
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    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
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<tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
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    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&#160;</td>
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<tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
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    <td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: center">&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&#160;</td>
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<tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td><font style="font-size: 8pt">&#160;</font></td><td><font style="font-size: 8pt">&#160;</font></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><font style="font-size: 8pt">&#160;</font></td><td style="text-align: right"><font style="font-size: 8pt">&#160;</font></td><td style="text-align: left"><font style="font-size: 8pt">&#160;</font></td><td><font style="font-size: 8pt">&#160;</font></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><font style="font-size: 8pt">&#160;</font></td><td style="text-align: right"><font style="font-size: 8pt">&#160;</font></td><td style="text-align: left"><font style="font-size: 8pt">&#160;</font></td><td><font style="font-size: 8pt">&#160;</font></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><font style="font-size: 8pt">&#160;</font></td><td style="text-align: right"><font style="font-size: 8pt">&#160;</font></td><td style="text-align: left"><font style="font-size: 8pt">&#160;</font></td><td><font style="font-size: 8pt">&#160;</font></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><font style="font-size: 8pt">&#160;</font></td><td style="text-align: right"><font style="font-size: 8pt">&#160;</font></td><td style="text-align: left"><font style="font-size: 8pt">&#160;</font></td><td><font style="font-size: 8pt">&#160;</font></td>
    <td style="text-align: center"><font style="font-size: 8pt">&#160;</font></td><td><font style="font-size: 8pt">&#160;</font></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><font style="font-size: 8pt">&#160;</font></td><td style="text-align: right"><font style="font-size: 8pt">&#160;</font></td><td style="text-align: left"><font style="font-size: 8pt">&#160;</font></td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
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    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">-</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">15,257</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">-</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
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    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">15,257</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
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    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">2,880</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
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    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">-</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
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<tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="text-align: left">Convertible notes payable</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">-</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">-</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">-</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">-</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
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    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">-</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
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    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">-</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">-</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">-</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
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<tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
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    <td style="text-align: left; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid">-</td><td style="text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&#160;</td>
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    <td style="text-align: left; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid">-</td><td style="text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: center; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid">27,467</td><td style="text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&#160;</td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
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    <td style="text-align: left"><font style="font-size: 8pt">&#160;</font></td><td style="text-align: right"><font style="font-size: 8pt">&#160;</font></td><td style="text-align: left"><font style="font-size: 8pt">&#160;</font></td><td><font style="font-size: 8pt">&#160;</font></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><font style="font-size: 8pt">&#160;</font></td><td style="text-align: right"><font style="font-size: 8pt">&#160;</font></td><td style="text-align: left"><font style="font-size: 8pt">&#160;</font></td><td><font style="font-size: 8pt">&#160;</font></td>
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    <td style="text-align: left"><font style="font-size: 8pt">&#160;</font></td><td style="text-align: right"><font style="font-size: 8pt">&#160;</font></td><td style="text-align: left"><font style="font-size: 8pt">&#160;</font></td><td><font style="font-size: 8pt">&#160;</font></td>
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<tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
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<tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td><font style="font-size: 8pt">&#160;</font></td><td><font style="font-size: 8pt">&#160;</font></td>
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    <td style="text-align: left"><font style="font-size: 8pt">&#160;</font></td><td style="text-align: right"><font style="font-size: 8pt">&#160;</font></td><td style="text-align: left"><font style="font-size: 8pt">&#160;</font></td><td><font style="font-size: 8pt">&#160;</font></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><font style="font-size: 8pt">&#160;</font></td><td style="text-align: right"><font style="font-size: 8pt">&#160;</font></td><td style="text-align: left"><font style="font-size: 8pt">&#160;</font></td><td><font style="font-size: 8pt">&#160;</font></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><font style="font-size: 8pt">&#160;</font></td><td style="text-align: right"><font style="font-size: 8pt">&#160;</font></td><td style="text-align: left"><font style="font-size: 8pt">&#160;</font></td><td><font style="font-size: 8pt">&#160;</font></td>
    <td style="text-align: center"><font style="font-size: 8pt">&#160;</font></td><td><font style="font-size: 8pt">&#160;</font></td>
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<tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
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    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
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<tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
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<tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
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<tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
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    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
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<tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
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    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
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<tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
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    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
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<tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
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    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
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    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
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<tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
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    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">(82,265</td><td style="text-align: left">)</td><td>&#160;</td>
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    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
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    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
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    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
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    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
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    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
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    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">-</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
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    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">(18,677,586</td><td style="text-align: left">)</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">(11,445,109</td><td style="text-align: left">)</td><td>&#160;</td>
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    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">(12,209,446</td><td style="text-align: left">)</td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
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    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">6,817,848</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
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    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td>&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">2,295,716</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: center">{h}</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td>&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
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    <td style="text-align: center">{g}</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
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    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">-</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
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    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">(14,689</td><td style="text-align: left">)</td><td>&#160;</td>
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<tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
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    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">-</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">-</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">(6,750,000</td><td style="text-align: left">)</td><td>&#160;</td>
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<tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&#160;</td>
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    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
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    <td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: center">&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&#160;</td>
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<tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
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    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right">-</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&#160;</td>
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    <td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: center">&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right">317,610</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
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<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center; background-color: white">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center; background-color: white"></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center; background-color: white"><b>UNAUDITED PRO
FORMA CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS</b></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center; background-color: white"><b>FOR THE YEAR
ENDED DECEMBER 31, 2018</b></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center; background-color: white"><b>&#160;</b></p>

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<tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
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    <td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&#160;</td>
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<tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td>&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
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    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
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    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
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<tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
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    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">(155,930</td><td style="text-align: left">)</td><td>&#160;</td>
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    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">(306,821</td><td style="text-align: left">)</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">(462,751</td><td style="text-align: left">)</td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
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    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">11,924</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">11,924</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
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    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">-</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">(63,663</td><td style="text-align: left">)</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">(63,663</td><td style="text-align: left">)</td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
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    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">(549</td><td style="text-align: left">)</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">-</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">(395,476</td><td style="text-align: left">)</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">(396,025</td><td style="text-align: left">)</td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
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    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">-</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">-</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">7,307</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">7,307</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
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    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">(2,549,451</td><td style="text-align: left">)</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">-</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">(192,463</td><td style="text-align: left">)</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">(2,741,914</td><td style="text-align: left">)</td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
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    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right">630</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right">(5,154</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left">)</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right">(4,524</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left">)</td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; padding-left: 0.25in">Total other income (expenses)</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right">(2,705,837</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left">)</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right">5,228</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right">(939,227</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left">)</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right">(3,639,836</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left">)</td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td>&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
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    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">(4,099,453</td><td style="text-align: left">)</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">(589,623</td><td style="text-align: left">)</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">(2,330,174</td><td style="text-align: left">)</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">(7,019,250</td><td style="text-align: left">)</td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td>&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
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    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right">1,850</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right">800</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right">(366,947</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left">)</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right">(364,297</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left">)</td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td>&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
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    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">(590,423</td><td style="text-align: left">)</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">(1,963,227</td><td style="text-align: left">)</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">(6,654,953</td><td style="text-align: left">)</td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td>&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
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<tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
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<tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
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<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&#160;&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; background-color: white"><font style="background-color: white"><i>Notes
to the Unaudited Pro Forma Condensed Consolidated Combined Financial Statements</i></font></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; background-color: white">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; background-color: white"><b>1. Basis of Presentation</b></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 24.5pt; background-color: white">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white">The unaudited
pro forma condensed consolidated combined balance sheet as of December 31, 2018 is based on the audited consolidated balance sheet
of ABVC, the audited consolidated balance sheet of BioLite, and the audited balance sheet of BioKey as if the Merger had occurred
on December 31, 2018.</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in; background-color: white">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white">The unaudited
pro forma condensed consolidated combined statement of operations for the year ended December 31, 2018 is based on the audited
consolidated statement of operations of ABVC for the year ended December 31, 2018, the audited consolidated statement of operations
of BioLite for the year ended December 31, 2018, and the audited statement of operations of BioKey for the year ended December
31, 2018, as if the Merger had occurred on January 1, 2018.</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 24.5pt; background-color: white">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white">BioLite and the
Company are related parties because the two companies are under common control by Dr. Tsung-Shann Jiang.</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 24.5pt; background-color: white">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; background-color: white"><b>2. Pro Forma Adjustments</b></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; background-color: white"><b>&#160;</b></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify; background-color: white">The
following adjustments were made in the preparation of the audited pro forma condensed consolidated combined balance sheet and unaudited
pro forma condensed consolidated combined statements of operations:</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in; background-color: white">&#160;</p>

<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0; width: 100%"><tr style="vertical-align: top; text-align: justify">
<td style="width: 0"></td><td style="width: 0.25in; text-align: left"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">{a}</font></td><td style="text-align: justify"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Reconciliation
of ABVC common stock to be issued to BioLite shareholders:</font></td>
</tr></table>
<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&#160;</p>

<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="width: 88%; text-align: justify; text-indent: -9pt; padding-left: 9pt">BioLite Outstanding shares as of December 31, 2018</td><td style="width: 1%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="width: 9%; text-align: right">41,207,444</td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="text-align: left; text-indent: -9pt; padding-left: 9pt">Exchange of each BioLite share of common stock outstanding as of December 31, 2018, for 1.82 shares of ABVC common stock</td><td>&#160;</td>
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<tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
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<tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="text-align: justify; text-indent: -9pt; padding-left: 9pt">Par value $0.001 per share of ABVC</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">$</td><td style="text-align: right">74,998</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
</table>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.25in; background-color: white">&#160;&#160;</p>

<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0; width: 100%"><tr style="vertical-align: top; text-align: justify">
<td style="width: 0"></td><td style="width: 0.25in; text-align: left"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">{b}</font></td><td style="text-align: justify"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">ABVC
common stock to be issued to BioKey shareholders in exchange of BioKey&#8217;s common stock outstanding:</font></td>
</tr></table>
<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#160;</p>

<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="width: 88%; text-align: justify; text-indent: -9pt; padding-left: 9pt">BioKey Outstanding shares as of December 31, 2018</td><td style="width: 1%">&#160;</td>
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<tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
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<tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
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<tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
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</table>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; background-color: white">&#160;</p>

<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0; width: 100%"><tr style="vertical-align: top; text-align: justify">
<td style="width: 0"></td><td style="width: 0.25in; text-align: left"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">{c}</font></td><td style="text-align: justify"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">ABVC
common stock to be issued to BioKey shareholders in exchange of BioKey&#8217;s preferred stock outstanding:</font></td>
</tr></table>
<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&#160;</p>

<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
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<tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
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<tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
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<tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
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<tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
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<tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
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<tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="text-align: justify">ABVC common stock to be issued to BioKey as a result of the Merger</td><td>&#160;</td>
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<tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="text-align: justify">Par value $0.001 per share of ABVC</td><td>&#160;</td>
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</table>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.25in; background-color: white">&#160;</p>

<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0; width: 100%"><tr style="vertical-align: top; text-align: justify">
<td style="width: 0"></td><td style="width: 0.25in; text-align: left"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">{d}</font></td><td style="text-align: justify"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Common
stock outstanding as of December 31, 2018 following the Merger:</font></td>
</tr></table>
<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&#160;</p>

<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
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<tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
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<tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
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</table>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.25in; background-color: white">&#160;</p>

<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0; width: 100%"><tr style="vertical-align: top; text-align: justify">
<td style="width: 0"></td><td style="width: 0.25in; text-align: left"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">{e}</font></td><td style="text-align: justify"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Unless
otherwise noted, adjustments to reflect the elimination of BioKey&#8217;s total equity, the estimated value of consideration to
be paid in the Merger and to adjust, where required, the historical book values of BioKey&#8217;s assets and liabilities as of
December 31, 2018 to the preliminary estimated fair value, in accordance with the acquisition method of accounting. The preliminary
valuations were determined as of &#160;and, where applicable, are based on the bid-and-ask share price of ABVC common stock on
the final day of trading, February 5, 2019. The fair value of the consideration given and assets and liabilities acquired will
be determined based on the underlying fair values as of the February 5, 2019.</font></td>
</tr></table>
<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.25in; text-align: justify; background-color: white">&#160;</p>

<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
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<tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
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<tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
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<tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
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<tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
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<tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
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<tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
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<tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
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<tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
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    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">83,026</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
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<tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
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<tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
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<tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
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</table>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#160;</p>

<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0; width: 100%"><tr style="vertical-align: top; text-align: justify">
<td style="width: 0"></td><td style="width: 0.25in; text-align: left"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">(1)</font></td><td style="text-align: justify"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">29,561,231
shares of ABVC common stock to be issued to BioKey in connection with the Merger. Those shares were valued at $1.50 per share,
the closing share price of ABVC on February 5, 2019.</font></td>
</tr></table>
<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.25in; text-align: justify; background-color: white">&#160;</p>

<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0; width: 100%"><tr style="vertical-align: top; text-align: justify">
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of December 31, 2018, BioLite had $59,810 due from ABVC; and ABVC had $58,684 due to BioLite. The difference was mainly due to
the translation adjustment, which would be reflected in accumulated other comprehensive income in equity section.</font></td>
</tr></table>
<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.25in; text-align: justify; background-color: white">&#160;</p>

<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0; width: 100%"><tr style="vertical-align: top; text-align: justify">
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agreement with BioLite Inc., a related party</u></b></font></td>
</tr></table>
<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.25in; text-align: justify">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.25in; text-align: justify">On December 29, 2015, American
BriVision Corporation (&#8220;BriVision&#8221;) entered into a collaborative agreement (the &#8220;BioLite Collaborative Agreement&#8221;)
with BioLite, a related party, pursuant to which BioLite granted BriVision sole licensing rights for drug and therapeutic use of
five products, including BLI-1005 CNS-Major Depressive Disorder, BLI-1008 CNS-Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder, BLI-1401-1
Anti-Tumor Combination Therapy-Solid Tumor with Anti-PD-1, BLI-1401-2 Anti-Tumor Combination Therapy-Triple Negative Breast Cancer,
and BLI-1501 Hematology-Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia, in the U.S.A and Canada. Under the BioLite Collaborative Agreement, BriVision
should pay a total of $100,000,000 in cash or stock of BriVision with equivalent value, according to the following schedule:</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.25in; text-align: justify">&#160;</p>

<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0; width: 100%"><tr style="vertical-align: top; text-align: justify">
<td style="width: 0.25in"></td><td style="width: 0.25in; text-align: left"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#9679;</font></td><td style="text-align: justify"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">upfront
payment shall upon the signing of this BioLite Collaborative Agreement: 3.5% of total payment. After receiving upfront payment
from BriVision, BioLite has to deliver all data to BriVision in one week.</font></td>
</tr></table>
<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#160;</p>

<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0; width: 100%">
<tr>
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<tr>
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<tr>
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<tr>
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    <td style="vertical-align: top; text-align: justify">&#160;</td>
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<tr>
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<tr>
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    <td style="vertical-align: top; text-align: justify">&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: justify">&#160;</td></tr>
<tr>
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<tr>
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    <td style="vertical-align: top; text-align: justify">&#160;</td>
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<tr>
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</table>
<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.25in; text-align: justify">This BioLite Collaborative Agreement
shall, once signed by both Parties, remain in effect for fifteen years as of the first commercial sales of the Product in the Territory
and automatically renew for five more years unless either party gives the other party six month written notice of termination prior
to the expiration date of the term.</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.25in; text-align: justify">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.25in; text-align: justify">Pursuant to the BioLite Collaborative
Agreement, an upfront payment of $3,500,000 (the &#8220;Milestone Payment&#8221;), which is 3.5% of total payments due under the
BioLite Collaborative Agreement, was to be paid by BriVision upon signing of that agreement. On May 6, 2016, BriVision and BioLite
agreed to amend the BioLite Collaborative Agreement, through entry into the Milestone Payment Agreement, whereby BriVision agreed
to pay the Milestone Payment to BioLite with $2,600,000 in cash and $900,000 in the form of newly issued shares of its common stock,
at the price of $1.60 per share, for an aggregate number of 562,500 shares. The cash payment and shares issuance were completed
in June 2016.</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.25in; text-align: justify">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.25in; text-align: justify">Pursuant to the BioLite Collaborative
Agreement, the 6.5% of total payment, $6,500,000 shall be made upon the first IND submission which was submitted in March 2016.
On February 2017, BriVision agreed to pay this amount to BioLite with $650,000 in cash and $5,850,000 in the form of newly issued
shares of its common stock, at the price of $2.0 per share, for an aggregate number of 2,925,000 shares. The cash payment and shares
issuance were completed in February 2017.</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.25in; text-align: justify">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.25in; text-align: justify">Pursuant to the BioLite Collaborative
Agreement, the 15% of total payment, $15,000,000 shall be made at the completion of first phase II clinical trial. As of December
31, 2018 and, 2017, the first phase II clinical trial research has not completed yet.</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.25in; text-align: justify">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.25in; text-align: justify">The aggregate common stock shares
of American BriVision Corporation issued to BioLite pursuant to the BioLite Collaborative Agreement was 3,487,500 shares, the value
of which was $6,750,000. The unaudited pro forma adjustments were made as if the Merger occurred on December 31, 2018. As such,
these common stock shares of ABVC held by BioLite shall not be treated as outstanding shares, and shall be reflected as treasury
shares. The corresponding long-term investment of BioLite has been written off in full amount, included in the accumulated deficit
as of December 31, 2018. Such amount has been eliminated in the pro forma condensed balance sheet. Investment loss recognized as
a result of the write-off amounted to $4,313,725 for the year ended December 31, 2018. Such amount has been eliminated in the pro
forma condensed statement of operations.</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.25in; text-align: justify">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.25in; text-align: justify">American BriVision Corporation
determined to fully expense the entire amount of $10,000,000 according to ASC 730-10-25-1. The entire amount is fully expensed
as research and development expense during the year ended December 31, 2016, included in the accumulated deficit of ABVC as of
December 31, 2018. The aggregate amount of $10,000,000 was recorded and remained as additional paid-in capital on BioLite as of
December 31, 2018. Such amount has been eliminated in the pro forma condensed balance sheet.</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.25in; text-align: justify">&#160;&#160;</p>

<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0; width: 100%"><tr style="vertical-align: top; text-align: justify">
<td style="width: 0"></td><td style="width: 0.25in; text-align: left"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">{h}</font></td><td style="text-align: justify"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">On
August 26, 2016, ABVC issued 1,468,750 shares of common stock, par value $0.001 to BioLite pursuant to a certain Stock Purchase
Agreement dated August 26, 2016. The purchase price per share of the Offering is $1.60. The net proceeds to the Company from the
Offering are approximately $2,350,000.&#160;&#160;The unaudited pro forma adjustments were made as if the Merger occurred on December
31, 2018. As such, these common stock shares of ABVC held by BioLite shall be treated be treated as outstanding shares, and shall
be reflected as treasury shares. The corresponding long-term investment of BioLite has been written off in full amount, included
in the accumulated deficit as of December 31, 2018. Such amount has been eliminated in the pro forma condensed balance sheet.</font></td></tr></table><span></span>
</td>
</tr>
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<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- References</a><div><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
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<span style="display: none;">v3.19.2</span><table class="report" border="0" cellspacing="2" id="idp6794684336">
<tr>
<th class="tl" colspan="1" rowspan="2"><div style="width: 200px;"><strong>Subsequent Events<br></strong></div></th>
<th class="th" colspan="1">3 Months Ended</th>
<th class="th" colspan="1">12 Months Ended</th>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="th"><div>Mar. 31, 2019</div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Dec. 31, 2018</div></th>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_SubsequentEventsAbstract', window );"><strong>Subsequent Events [Abstract]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
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<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_SubsequentEventsTextBlock', window );">SUBSEQUENT EVENTS</a></td>
<td class="text"><p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><b>16.
SUBSEQUENT EVENTS</b></font></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</font></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">The
Company has evaluated subsequent events through the date which the financial statements were available to be issued. All subsequent
events requiring recognition as of March 31, 2019 have been incorporated into these financial statements and there are no subsequent
events that require disclosure in accordance with FASB ASC Topic 855, "Subsequent Events."&#160;</font></p><span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"><p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><b>14.
SUBSEQUENT EVENTS</b></font></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</font></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">On
January 21, 2019, the Company received a loan in the amount of $500,000 from Cathay Bank (the "Bank") pursuant to
a business loan agreement (the "Loan Agreement") entered by and between the Company and Bank on January 8, 2019 and
a promissory note (the "Note") executed by the Company on the same day. The Loan Agreement provides for a revolving
line of credit in the principal amount of $1,000,000 with a maturity date (the "Maturity Date") of January 1, 2020.
The Note executed in connection with the Loan Agreement bears an interest rate (the "Regular Interest Rate") equal
to the sum of one percent (1%) and the prime rate as published in the Wall Street Journal (the "Index") and the accrued
interest shall become payable each month from February 1, 2019. Pursuant to the Note, the Company shall pay the entire outstanding
principal plus accrued unpaid interest on the Maturity Date and may prepay portion or all of the Note before the Maturity Date
without penalty. If the Company defaults on the Note, the default interest rate shall become five percent (5%) plus the Regular
Interest Rate.</font></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</font></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">In
connection with the Note and Loan Agreement, on January 8, 2019, each of Dr. Tsung Shann Jiang and Dr. George Lee, executed a
commercial guaranty (the "Guaranty") to guaranty the loans for the Company pursuant to the Loan Agreement and Note,
severally and individually, in the amount not exceeding $500,000 each until the entire Note plus interest are fully paid and satisfied.
Dr. Tsung Shann Jiang is the Chairman and Chief Executive Officer of BioLite Holding, Inc. and Dr. George Lee serves as the Chairman
of the board of directors of BioKey, Inc, which became a wholly-owned subsidiaries of the Company effective by operation of law
on or about February 5, 2019.</font></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</font></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">In
addition, on January 8, 2019, each of the Company and BriVision, a wholly-owned subsidiary of the Company, signed a commercial
security agreement (the "Security Agreement") to secure the loans under the Loan Agreement and the Note. Pursuant
to the Security Agreements, each of the Company and BriVision (each, a "Grantor", and collectively, the "Grantors")
granted security interest in the collaterals as defined therein, comprised of almost all of the assets of each Grantor, to secure
such loans for the benefit of the Bank.</font></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</font></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">The
Company has evaluated subsequent events through the date which the financial statements were available to be issued. All subsequent
events requiring recognition as of December 31, 2018 have been incorporated into these financial statements and there are no subsequent
events that require disclosure in accordance with FASB ASC Topic 855, "Subsequent Events."&#160;</font></p><span></span>
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<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_SubsequentEventsAbstract</td>
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<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The entire disclosure for significant events or transactions that occurred after the balance sheet date through the date the financial statements were issued or the date the financial statements were available to be issued. Examples include: the sale of a capital stock issue, purchase of a business, settlement of litigation, catastrophic loss, significant foreign exchange rate changes, loans to insiders or affiliates, and transactions not in the ordinary course of business.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 855<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/topic&amp;trid=2122774<br></p></div>
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<span style="display: none;">v3.19.2</span><table class="report" border="0" cellspacing="2" id="idp6806719584">
<tr>
<th class="tl" colspan="1" rowspan="2"><div style="width: 200px;"><strong>Summary of Significant Accounting Policies (Policies)<br></strong></div></th>
<th class="th" colspan="1">3 Months Ended</th>
<th class="th" colspan="1">12 Months Ended</th>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="th"><div>Mar. 31, 2019</div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Dec. 31, 2018</div></th>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_AccountingPoliciesAbstract', window );"><strong>Accounting Policies [Abstract]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_BasisOfAccountingPolicyPolicyTextBlock', window );">Basis of Presentation</a></td>
<td class="text"><p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><u>Basis
of Presentation</u></font></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</font></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">The
accompanying consolidated financial statements have been prepared in accordance with the generally accepted accounting principles
in the United States of America (the "U.S. GAAP"). All significant intercompany transactions and account balances
have been eliminated.</font></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</font></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">This
basis of accounting involves the application of accrual accounting and consequently, revenues and gains are recognized when earned,
and expenses and losses are recognized when incurred. The Company's financial statements are expressed in U.S. dollars.</font></p><span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"><p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><u>Basis
of Presentation</u></font></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</font></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">The
accompanying consolidated financial statements have been prepared in accordance with the generally accepted accounting principles
in the United States of America (the "U.S. GAAP"). All significant intercompany transactions and account balances
have been eliminated.</font></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</font></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">This
basis of accounting involves the application of accrual accounting and consequently, revenues and gains are recognized when earned,
and expenses and losses are recognized when incurred. The Company's financial statements are expressed in U.S. dollars.</font></p><span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_FiscalPeriod', window );">Fiscal Year</a></td>
<td class="text"><p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><u>Fiscal
Year</u></font></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</font></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">The
Company changed its fiscal year from the period beginning on October 1st and ending on September 30th to the period beginning
on January 1st and ending on December 31st, beginning January 1, 2018. All references herein to a fiscal year prior to December
31, 2017 refer to the twelve months ended September 30th of such year.&#160;</font></p><span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"><p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><u>Fiscal
Year</u></font></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</font></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">The
Company changed its fiscal year from the period beginning on October 1st and ending on September 30th to the period beginning
on January 1st and ending on December 31st, beginning January 1, 2018. All references herein to a fiscal year prior to December
31, 2017 refer to the twelve months ended September 30th of such year.&#160;</font></p><span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_UseOfEstimates', window );">Use of Estimates</a></td>
<td class="text"><p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><u>Use
of Estimates</u></font></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</font></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">The
preparation of financial statements in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America
requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosure
of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the consolidated financial statements and the amount of revenues and expenses
during the reporting periods. Actual results could differ materially from those results.</font></p><span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"><p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><u>Use
of Estimates</u></font></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</font></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">The
preparation of financial statements in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America
requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosure
of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the consolidated financial statements and the amount of revenues and expenses
during the reporting periods. Actual results could differ materially from those results.</font></p><span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_InventoryPolicyTextBlock', window );">Inventory</a></td>
<td class="text"><p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><u>Inventory</u></font></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</font></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Inventory
consists of raw materials, work-in-process, finished goods, and merchandise. Inventories are stated at the lower of cost or market
and valued on a moving weighted average cost basis. Market is determined based on net realizable value. The Company periodically
reviews the age and turnover of its inventory to determine whether any inventory has become obsolete or has declined in value,
and incurs a charge to operations for known and anticipated inventory obsolescence.</font></p><span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_PriorPeriodReclassificationAdjustmentDescription', window );">Reclassifications</a></td>
<td class="text"><p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><u>Reclassifications</u></font></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</font></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Certain
classifications have been made to the prior year financial statements to conform to the current year presentation. The reclassification
had no impact on previously reported net loss or accumulated deficit.</font></p><span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"><p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><u>Reclassifications</u></font></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</font></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Certain
classifications have been made to the prior year financial statements to conform to the current year presentation. The reclassification
had no impact on previously reported net loss or accumulated deficit.</font></p><span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_abvcd_ForwardStockSplitsPolicyTextBlock', window );">Forward Stock split</a></td>
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Stock Split</u></font></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</font></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">On
March 21, 2016, the Board of Directors of the Company approved an amendment to Articles of Incorporation to effect a forward split
at a ratio of 1 to 3.141 and increase the number of our authorized shares of Common Stock, par value $0.001 per share, to 360,000,000,
which was effective on April 8, 2016.</font></p><span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"><p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><u>Forward
Stock split</u></font></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</font></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">On
March 21, 2016, the Board of Directors of the Company approved an amendment to Articles of Incorporation to effect a forward split
at a ratio of 1 to 3.141 and increase the number of our authorized shares of Common Stock, par value $0.001 per share, to 360,000,000,
which was effective on April 8, 2016. The majority of the shareholders of the Company approved the amendment to Articles of Incorporation.</font></p><span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_abvcd_StockReverseSplitPolicyTextBlock', window );">Stock Reverse Split</a></td>
<td class="text"><p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><u>Stock
Reverse Split</u></font></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</font></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">On
March 12, 2019, the Board of Directors of the Company by unanimous written consent in lieu of a meeting approved to i) effect
a stock reverse split at the ratio of 1-for-18 (the "Reverse Split") of both the authorized common stock of the Company
(the "Common Stock") and the issued and outstanding Common Stock and ii) to amend the articles of incorporation of
the Company to reflect the Reverse Split. The Board approved and authorized the Reverse Split without obtaining approval of the
Company's shareholders pursuant to Section 78.207 of Nevada Revised Statutes. On May 3, 2019, the Company filed a certificate
of amendment to the Company's articles of incorporation (the "Amendment") to effect the Reverse Split with the
Secretary of State of Nevada. The Financial Industry Regulatory Authority ("FINRA") informed the Company that the
Reverse Split was effective on May 8, 2019. All shares and related financial information in this Form 10-Q reflect this 1-for-18
reverse stock split.</font></p><span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_FairValueMeasurementPolicyPolicyTextBlock', window );">Fair Value Measurements</a></td>
<td class="text"><p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><u>Fair
Value Measurements</u></font></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</font></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">FASB
ASC 820, "Fair Value Measurements" defines fair value for certain financial and nonfinancial assets and liabilities
that are recorded at fair value, establishes a framework for measuring fair value and expands disclosures about fair value measurements.
It requires that an entity measure its financial instruments to base fair value on exit price, maximize the use of observable
units and minimize the use of unobservable inputs to determine the exit price. It establishes a hierarchy which prioritizes the
inputs to valuation techniques used to measure fair value. This hierarchy increases the consistency and comparability of fair
value measurements and related disclosures by maximizing the use of observable inputs and minimizing the use of unobservable inputs
by requiring that observable inputs be used when available. Observable inputs are inputs that reflect the assumptions market participants
would use in pricing the assets or liabilities based on market data obtained from sources independent of the Company. Unobservable
inputs are inputs that reflect the Company's own assumptions about the assumptions market participants would use in pricing
the asset or liability developed based on the best information available in the circumstances. The hierarchy prioritizes the inputs
into three broad levels based on the reliability of the inputs as follows:</font></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</font></p>

<table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
<tr style="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <td style="width: 24px; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</font></td>
    <td style="width: 24px; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#9679;</font></td>
    <td style="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Level
    1 &#8211; Inputs are quoted prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities that the Company has the ability
    to access at the measurement date. Valuation of these instruments does not require a high degree of judgment as the valuations
    are based on quoted prices in active markets that are readily and regularly available.</font></td></tr>
</table>
<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</font></p>

<table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
<tr style="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <td style="width: 24px; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</font></td>
    <td style="width: 24px; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#9679;</font></td>
    <td style="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Level
    2 &#8211; Inputs other than quoted prices in active markets that are either directly or indirectly observable as of the measurement
    date, such as quoted prices for similar assets or liabilities; quoted prices in markets that are not active; or other inputs
    that are observable or can be corroborated by observable market data for substantially the full term of the assets or liabilities.</font></td></tr>
</table>
<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</font></p>

<table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
<tr style="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <td style="width: 24px; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</font></td>
    <td style="width: 24px; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#9679;</font></td>
    <td style="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Level
    3 &#8211; Valuations based on inputs that are unobservable and not corroborated by market data. The fair value for such assets
    and liabilities is generally determined using pricing models, discounted cash flow methodologies, or similar techniques that
    incorporate the assumptions a market participant would use in pricing the asset or liability.</font></td></tr>
</table>
<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</font></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">The
carrying values of certain assets and liabilities of the Company, such as cash and cash equivalents, restricted cash, accounts
receivable, due from related parties, inventory, prepaid expenses and other current assets, accounts payable, accrued liabilities,
and due to related parties approximate fair value due to their relatively short maturities. The carrying value of the Company's
short-term bank loan, convertible notes payable, and accrued interest approximates their fair value as the terms of the borrowing
are consistent with current market rates and the duration to maturity is short. The carrying value of the Company's long-term
bank loan approximates fair value because the interest rates approximate market rates that the Company could obtain for debt with
similar terms and maturities.</font></p><span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"><p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><u>Fair
Value Measurements</u></font></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</font></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">The
Company applies the provisions of ASC Subtopic 820-10,&#160;"Fair Value Measurements",&#160;for fair value measurements
of financial assets and financial liabilities and for fair value measurements of nonfinancial items that are recognized or disclosed
at fair value in the financial statements. ASC 820 also establishes a framework for measuring fair value and expands disclosures
about fair value measurements.</font></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</font></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Fair
value is defined as the price that would be received to sell an asset or paid to transfer a liability in an orderly transaction
between market participants at the measurement date. When determining the fair value measurements for assets and liabilities,
the Company considers the principal or most advantageous market in which it would transact and it considers assumptions that market
participants would use when pricing the asset or liability.</font></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</font></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">ASC
820 establishes a fair value hierarchy that requires an entity to maximize the use of observable inputs and minimize the use of
unobservable inputs when measuring fair value. ASC 820 establishes three levels of inputs to measure fair value. The hierarchy
gives the highest priority to unadjusted quoted prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities (Level 1 measurements)
and the lowest priority to measurements involving significant unobservable inputs (Level 3 measurements). The three levels of
the fair value hierarchy are as follows:</font></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</font></p>

<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><tr style="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
<td style="width: 0.25in; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"></td><td style="width: 0.25in; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#9679;</font></td><td style="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Level
                                         1 inputs to the valuation methodology are quoted prices (unadjusted) for identical assets
                                         or liabilities in active markets.</font></td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
<td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
<td style="width: 0.25in; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"></td><td style="width: 0.25in; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#9679;</td><td style="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Level
                                         2 inputs to the valuation methodology include quoted prices for similar assets and liabilities
                                         in active markets, and inputs that are observable for the assets or liability, either
                                         directly or indirectly, for substantially the full term of the financial instruments.</font></td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
<td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
<td style="width: 0.25in; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"></td><td style="width: 0.25in; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#9679;</td><td style="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Level
                                         3 inputs to the valuation methodology are unobservable and significant to the fair value.</font></td></tr></table>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">The
carrying values of certain assets and liabilities of the Company, such as cash and cash equivalents, due from related parties,
accrued expenses, and due to related parties approximate fair value due to their relatively short maturities. The carrying value
of the Company's convertible notes payable and accrued interest approximates their fair value as the terms of the borrowing
are consistent with current market rates.&#160;</font></p><span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_CashAndCashEquivalentsPolicyTextBlock', window );">Cash and Cash Equivalents</a></td>
<td class="text"><p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><u>Cash
and Cash Equivalents</u></font></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</font></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">The
Company considers highly liquid investments with maturities of three months or less, when purchased, to be cash equivalents. As
of March 31, 2019 and December 31, 2018, the Company's cash and cash equivalents amounted $981,341 and $226,688, respectively.
Some&#160;of the Company's cash deposits are held in financial institutions located in Taiwan where there is currently regulation
mandated on obligatory insurance of bank accounts. The Company believes this financial institution is of high credit quality.</font></p><span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"><p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><u>Cash
and Cash Equivalents</u></font></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</font></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">The
Company considers highly liquid investments with maturities of three months or less, when purchased, to be cash equivalents. As
of December 31, 2018 and 2017, the Company's cash and cash equivalents amounted $40,044 and $93,332, respectively. Some&#160;of
the Company's cash deposits are held in financial institutions located in Taiwan where there is currently regulation mandated
on obligatory insurance of bank accounts. The Company believes this financial institution is of high credit quality.</font></p><span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_CashAndCashEquivalentsRestrictedCashAndCashEquivalentsPolicy', window );">Restricted Cash Equivalents</a></td>
<td class="text"><p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><u>Restricted
Cash Equivalents</u></font></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</font></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Restricted
cash equivalents primarily consist of cash held in a reserve bank account in Taiwan. As of March 31, 2019 and December 31, 2018,
the Company's restricted cash equivalents amounted $16,093.</font></p><span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"><p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><u>Restricted
Cash Equivalents</u></font></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</font></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Restricted
cash equivalents primarily consist of cash held in a reserve bank account in Taiwan.</font></p><span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ConcentrationRiskCreditRisk', window );">Concentration of Credit Risk</a></td>
<td class="text"><p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><u>Concentration
of Credit Risk</u></font></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</font></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">The
Company's financial instruments that are exposed to concentrations of credit risk consist primarily of cash and cash equivalents.
The Company places its cash and temporary cash investments in high quality credit institutions, but these investments may be in
excess of Taiwan Central Deposit Insurance Corporation and the U.S. Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation's insurance limits.
The Company does not enter into financial instruments for hedging, trading or speculative purposes.</font></p><span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"><p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><u>Concentration
of Credit Risk</u></font></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</font></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">The
Company's financial instruments that are exposed to concentrations of credit risk consist primarily of cash and cash equivalents.
The Company places its cash and temporary cash investments in high quality credit institutions, but these investments may be in
excess of Taiwan Central Deposit Insurance Corporation and the U.S. Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation's insurance limits.
The Company does not enter into financial instruments for hedging, trading or speculative purposes.</font></p><span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_RevenueRecognitionPolicyTextBlock', window );">Revenue Recognition</a></td>
<td class="text"><p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><u>Revenue
Recognition</u></font></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</font></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">During
the fiscal year 2018, the Company adopted Accounting Standards Codification ("ASC"), Topic 606 (ASC 606), Revenue
from Contracts with Customers, using the modified retrospective method to all contracts that were not completed as of January
1, 2018, and applying the new revenue standard as an adjustment to the opening balance of accumulated deficit at the beginning
of 2018 for the cumulative effect. The results for the Company's reporting periods beginning on and after January 1, 2018
are presented under ASC 606, while prior period amounts are not adjusted and continue to be reported under the accounting standards
in effect for the prior period. Based on the Company's review of existing collaborative agreements as of January 1, 2018,
the Company concluded that the adoption of the new guidance did not have a significant change on the Company's revenue during
all periods presented.</font></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</font></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Pursuant
to ASC 606, the Company recognizes revenue when its customer obtains control of promised goods or services, in an amount that
reflects the consideration that the Company expects to receive in exchange for those goods or services. To determine revenue recognition
for arrangements that the Company determines is within the scope of ASC 606, the Company performs the following five steps: (i)
identify the contract(s) with a customer; (ii) identify the performance obligations in the contract; (iii) determine the transaction
price; (iv) allocate the transaction price to the performance obligations in the contract; and (v) recognize revenue when (or
as) the Company satisfies a performance obligation. The Company only applies the five-step model to contracts when it is probable
that the Company will collect the consideration the Company is entitled to in exchange for the goods or services the Company transfers
to the customers. At inception of the contract, once the contract is determined to be within the scope of ASC 606, the Company
assesses the goods or services promised within each contract, determines those that are performance obligations, and assesses
whether each promised good or service is distinct. The Company then recognizes as revenue the amount of the transaction price
that is allocated to the respective performance obligation when (or as) the performance obligation is satisfied.</font></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</font></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">The
following are examples of when the Company recognizes revenue based on the types of payments the Company receives.</font></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</font></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><b>Merchandise
Sales &#8212;&#160;</b>The Company recognizes net revenues from dietary supplements product sales when customers obtain control
of the Company's products, which typically occurs upon delivery to customer. Product revenues are recorded at the net sales
price, or "transaction price," which includes applicable reserves for variable consideration, including discounts,
allowances, and returns.</font></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</font></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><i>Trade
discount and allowances</i>: The Company generally provides invoice discounts on product sales to its customers for prompt payment.
The Company estimates that, based on its experience, its customers will earn these discounts and fees, and deducts the full amount
of these discounts and fees from its gross product revenues and accounts receivable at the time such revenues are recognized.</font></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</font></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><i>Product
returns:</i>&#160;The Company estimates the amount of each product that will be returned and deducts these estimated amounts from
its gross revenues at the time the revenues are recognized. The Company's customers have the right to return unopened packages,
subject to contractual limitations.</font></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</font></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">To
date, product allowance and returns have been minimal and, based on its experience, the Company believes that returns of its products
will continue to be minimal.</font></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</font></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><b>Collaborative
Revenues &#8212;</b>&#160;The Company recognizes collaborative revenues generated through collaborative research, development
and/or commercialization agreements. The terms of these agreements typically include payment to the Company related to one or
more of the following: nonrefundable upfront license fees, development and commercial milestones, partial or complete reimbursement
of research and development costs, and royalties on net sales of licensed products. Each type of payments results in collaborative
revenues except for revenues from royalties on net sales of licensed products, which are classified as royalty revenues. To date,
we have not received any royalty revenues. Revenue is recognized upon satisfaction of a performance obligation by transferring
control of a good or service to the collaboration partners.</font></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</font></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">As
part of the accounting for these arrangements, the Company applies judgment to determine whether the performance obligations are
distinct, and develop assumptions in determining the stand-alone selling price for each distinct performance obligation identified
in the collaboration agreements. To determine the stand-alone selling price, the Company relies on assumptions which may include
forecasted revenues, development timelines, reimbursement rates for R&#38;D personnel costs, discount rates and probabilities
of technical and regulatory success.</font></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</font></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">The
Company had multiple deliverables under the collaborative agreements, including deliverables relating to grants of technology
licenses, regulatory and clinical development, and marketing activities. Estimation of the performance periods of the Company's
deliverables requires the use of management's judgment. Significant factors considered in management's evaluation
of the estimated performance periods include, but are not limited to, the Company's experience in conducting clinical development,
regulatory and manufacturing activities. The Company reviews the estimated duration of its performance periods under its collaborative
agreements on an annually basis, and makes any appropriate adjustments on a prospective basis. Future changes in estimates of
the performance period under its collaborative agreements could impact the timing of future revenue recognition.</font></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</font></p>

<table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%">
<tr style="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">

    <td style="width: 24px; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">(i)</font></td>
    <td style="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Nonrefundable
    upfront payments</font></td></tr>
</table>
<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</font></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">If
a license to the Company's intellectual property is determined to be distinct from the other performance obligations identified
in an arrangement, the Company recognizes revenue from the related nonrefundable upfront payments based on the relative standalone
selling price prescribed to the license compared to the total selling price of the arrangement. The revenue is recognized when
the license is transferred to the collaboration partners and the collaboration partners are able to use and benefit from the license.
To date, the receipt of nonrefundable upfront fees was solely for the compensation of past research efforts and contributions
made by the Company before the collaborative agreements entered into and it does not relate to any future obligations and commitments
made between the Company and the collaboration partners in the collaborative agreements.</font></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</font></p>

<table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%">
<tr style="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">

    <td style="width: 24px; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">(ii)</font></td>
    <td style="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Milestone
    payments</font></td></tr>
</table>
<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</font></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">The
Company is eligible to receive milestone payments under the collaborative agreement with collaboration partners based on achievement
of specified development, regulatory and commercial events. Management evaluated the nature of the events triggering these contingent
payments, and concluded that these events fall into two categories: (a) events which involve the performance of the Company's
obligations under the collaborative agreement with collaboration partners, and (b) events which do not involve the performance
of the Company's obligations under the collaborative agreement with collaboration partners.</font></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</font></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">The
former category of milestone payments consists of those triggered by development and regulatory activities in the territories
specified in the collaborative agreements. Management concluded that each of these payments constitute substantive milestone payments.
This conclusion was based primarily on the facts that (i) each triggering event represents a specific outcome that can be achieved
only through successful performance by the Company of one or more of its deliverables, (ii) achievement of each triggering event
was subject to inherent risk and uncertainty and would result in additional payments becoming due to the Company, (iii) each of
the milestone payments is nonrefundable, (iv) substantial effort is required to complete each milestone, (v) the amount of each
milestone payment is reasonable in relation to the value created in achieving the milestone, (vi) a substantial amount of time
is expected to pass between the upfront payment and the potential milestone payments, and (vii) the milestone payments relate
solely to past performance. Based on the foregoing, the Company recognizes any revenue from these milestone payments in the period
in which the underlying triggering event occurs.</font></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;&#160;</font></p>

<table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%">
<tr style="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">

    <td style="width: 24px; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">(iii)</font></td>
    <td style="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Multiple
    Element Arrangements</font></td></tr>
</table>
<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</font></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">The
Company evaluates multiple element arrangements to determine (1) the deliverables included in the arrangement and (2) whether
the individual deliverables represent separate units of accounting or whether they must be accounted for as a combined unit of
accounting. This evaluation involves subjective determinations and requires management to make judgments about the individual
deliverables and whether such deliverables are separate from other aspects of the contractual relationship. Deliverables are considered
separate units of accounting provided that: (i) the delivered item(s) has value to the customer on a standalone basis and (ii)
if the arrangement includes a general right of return relative to the delivered item(s), delivery or performance of the undelivered
item(s) is considered probable and substantially within its control. In assessing whether an item under a collaboration has standalone
value, the Company considers factors such as the research, manufacturing, and commercialization capabilities of the collaboration
partner and the availability of the associated expertise in the general marketplace. The Company also considers whether its collaboration
partners can use the other deliverable(s) for their intended purpose without the receipt of the remaining element(s), whether
the value of the deliverable is dependent on the undelivered item(s), and whether there are other vendors that can provide the
undelivered element(s).</font></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</font></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">The
Company recognizes arrangement consideration allocated to each unit of accounting when all of the revenue recognition criteria
in ASC 606 are satisfied for that particular unit of accounting. In the event that a deliverable does not represent a separate
unit of accounting, the Company recognizes revenue from the combined unit of accounting over the Company's contractual or
estimated performance period for the undelivered elements, which is typically the term of the Company's research and development
obligations. If there is no discernible pattern of performance or objectively measurable performance measures do not exist, then
the Company recognizes revenue under the arrangement on a straight-line basis over the period the Company is expected to complete
its performance obligations. Conversely, if the pattern of performance in which the service is provided to the customer can be
determined and objectively measurable performance measures exist, then the Company recognizes revenue under the arrangement using
the proportional performance method. Revenue recognized is limited to the lesser of the cumulative amount of payments received
or the cumulative amount of revenue earned, as determined using the straight-line method or proportional performance method, as
applicable, as of the period ending date.</font></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</font></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">At
the inception of an arrangement that includes milestone payments, the Company evaluates whether each milestone is substantive
and at risk to both parties on the basis of the contingent nature of the milestone. This evaluation includes an assessment of
whether: (1) the consideration is commensurate with either the Company's performance to achieve the milestone or the enhancement
of the value of the delivered item(s) as a result of a specific outcome resulting from its performance to achieve the milestone,
(2) the consideration relates solely to past performance and (3) the consideration is reasonable relative to all of the deliverables
and payment terms within the arrangement. The Company evaluates factors such as the scientific, clinical, regulatory, commercial,
and other risks that must be overcome to achieve the particular milestone and the level of effort and investment required to achieve
the particular milestone in making this assessment. There is considerable judgment involved in determining whether a milestone
satisfies all of the criteria required to conclude that a milestone is substantive. Milestones that are not considered substantive
are recognized as earned if there are no remaining performance obligations or over the remaining period of performance, assuming
all other revenue recognition criteria are met.</font></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</font></p>

<table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%">
<tr style="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">

    <td style="width: 24px; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">(iv)</font></td>
    <td style="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Royalties
    and Profit Sharing Payments</font></td></tr>
</table>
<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</font></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Under
the collaborative agreement with the collaboration partners, the Company is entitled to receive royalties on sales of products,
which is at certain percentage of the net sales. The Company recognizes revenue from these events based on the revenue recognition
criteria set forth in ASC 606. Based on those criteria, the Company considers these payments to be contingent revenues, and recognizes
them as revenue in the period in which the applicable contingency is resolved.</font></p><span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"><p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><u>Revenue
Recognition</u></font></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><b><i>&#160;</i></b></font></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">The
Company has yet to realize revenues from operations.</font></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</font></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">During
the fiscal year 2018, the Company adopted Accounting Standards Codification ("ASC"), Topic 606 (ASC 606), Revenue
from Contracts with Customers, using the modified retrospective method to all contracts that were not completed as of January
1, 2018, and applying the new revenue standard as an adjustment to the opening balance of accumulated deficit at the beginning
of 2018 for the cumulative effect. The results for the Company's reporting periods beginning on and after January 1, 2018
are presented under ASC 606, while prior period amounts are not adjusted and continue to be reported under the accounting standards
in effect for the prior period. Based on the Company's review of existing collaborative agreements as of January 1, 2018,
the Company concluded that the adoption of the new guidance did not have a significant change on the Company's revenue during
all periods presented.</font></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</font></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Pursuant
to ASC 606, the Company recognizes revenue when its customer obtains control of promised goods or services, in an amount that
reflects the consideration that the Company expects to receive in exchange for those goods or services. To determine revenue recognition
for arrangements that the Company determines is within the scope of ASC 606, the Company performs the following five steps: (i)
identify the contract(s) with a customer; (ii) identify the performance obligations in the contract; (iii) determine the transaction
price; (iv) allocate the transaction price to the performance obligations in the contract; and (v) recognize revenue when (or
as) the Company satisfies a performance obligation. The Company only applies the five-step model to contracts when it is probable
that the Company will collect the consideration the Company is entitled to in exchange for the goods or services the Company transfers
to the customers. At inception of the contract, once the contract is determined to be within the scope of ASC 606, the Company
assesses the goods or services promised within each contract, determines those that are performance obligations, and assesses
whether each promised good or service is distinct. The Company then recognizes as revenue the amount of the transaction price
that is allocated to the respective performance obligation when (or as) the performance obligation is satisfied.</font></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</font></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">The
following are examples of when the Company recognizes revenue based on the types of payments the Company receives.</font></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</font></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 0 0.25in; text-align: justify"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><i>Collaborative
Revenues</i>&#160;<b>&#8212;&#160;</b>The Company recognizes collaborative revenues generated through collaborative research,
development and/or commercialization agreements. The terms of these agreements typically include payment to the Company related
to one or more of the following: nonrefundable upfront license fees, development and commercial milestones, partial or complete
reimbursement of research and development costs, and royalties on net sales of licensed products. Each type of payments results
in collaborative revenues except for revenues from royalties on net sales of licensed products, which are classified as royalty
revenues. To date, we have not received any royalty revenues. Revenue is recognized upon satisfaction of a performance obligation
by transferring control of a good or service to the collaboration partners.</font></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 0 0.25in; text-align: justify"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</font></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 0 0.25in; text-align: justify"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">As
part of the accounting for these arrangements, the Company applies judgment to determine whether the performance obligations are
distinct, and develop assumptions in determining the stand-alone selling price for each distinct performance obligation identified
in the collaboration agreements. To determine the stand-alone selling price, the Company relies on assumptions which may include
forecasted revenues, development timelines, reimbursement rates for R&#38;D personnel costs, discount rates and probabilities
of technical and regulatory success.</font></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 0 0.25in; text-align: justify"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</font></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 0 0.25in; text-align: justify"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">The
Company had multiple deliverables under the collaborative agreements, including deliverables relating to grants of technology
licenses, regulatory and clinical development, and marketing activities. Estimation of the performance periods of the Company's
deliverables requires the use of management's judgment. Significant factors considered in management's evaluation
of the estimated performance periods include, but are not limited to, the Company's experience in conducting clinical development,
regulatory and manufacturing activities. The Company reviews the estimated duration of its performance periods under its collaborative
agreements on an annually basis, and makes any appropriate adjustments on a prospective basis. Future changes in estimates of
the performance period under its collaborative agreements could impact the timing of future revenue recognition.</font></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;&#160;</font></p>

<table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%">
<tr style="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <td style="width: 24px; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</font></td>
    <td style="width: 24px; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">(i)</font></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Nonrefundable
    upfront payments</font></td></tr>
</table>
<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</font></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 0 0.25in; text-align: justify"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">If
a license to the Company's intellectual property is determined to be distinct from the other performance obligations identified
in an arrangement, the Company recognizes revenue from the related nonrefundable upfront payments based on the relative standalone
selling price prescribed to the license compared to the total selling price of the arrangement. The revenue is recognized when
the license is transferred to the collaboration partners and the collaboration partners are able to use and benefit from the license.
To date, the receipt of nonrefundable upfront fees was solely for the compensation of past research efforts and contributions
made by the Company before the collaborative agreements entered into and it does not relate to any future obligations and commitments
made between the Company and the collaboration partners in the collaborative agreements.</font></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</font></p>

<table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%">
<tr style="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <td style="width: 24px; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</font></td>
    <td style="width: 24px; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">(ii)</font></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Milestone
    payments</font></td></tr>
</table>
<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</font></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 0 0.25in; text-align: justify"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">The
Company is eligible to receive milestone payments under the collaborative agreement with collaboration partners based on achievement
of specified development, regulatory and commercial events. Management evaluated the nature of the events triggering these contingent
payments, and concluded that these events fall into two categories: (a) events which involve the performance of the Company's
obligations under the collaborative agreement with collaboration partners, and (b) events which do not involve the performance
of the Company's obligations under the collaborative agreement with collaboration partners.</font></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</font></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 0 0.25in; text-align: justify"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">The
former category of milestone payments consists of those triggered by development and regulatory activities in the territories
specified in the collaborative agreements. Management concluded that each of these payments constitute substantive milestone payments.
This conclusion was based primarily on the facts that (i) each triggering event represents a specific outcome that can be achieved
only through successful performance by the Company of one or more of its deliverables, (ii) achievement of each triggering event
was subject to inherent risk and uncertainty and would result in additional payments becoming due to the Company, (iii) each of
the milestone payments is nonrefundable, (iv) substantial effort is required to complete each milestone, (v) the amount of each
milestone payment is reasonable in relation to the value created in achieving the milestone, (vi) a substantial amount of time
is expected to pass between the upfront payment and the potential milestone payments, and (vii) the milestone payments relate
solely to past performance. Based on the foregoing, the Company recognizes any revenue from these milestone payments in the period
in which the underlying triggering event occurs.</font></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</font></p>

<table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%">
<tr style="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <td style="width: 24px; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</font></td>
    <td style="width: 24px; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">(iii)</font></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Multiple
    Element Arrangements</font></td></tr>
</table>
<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</font></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 0 0.25in; text-align: justify"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">The
Company evaluates multiple element arrangements to determine (1)&#160;the deliverables included in the arrangement and (2)&#160;whether
the individual deliverables represent separate units of accounting or whether they must be accounted for as a combined unit of
accounting. This evaluation involves subjective determinations and requires management to make judgments about the individual
deliverables and whether such deliverables are separate from other aspects of the contractual relationship. Deliverables are considered
separate units of accounting provided that: (i)&#160;the delivered item(s) has value to the customer on a standalone basis and
(ii)&#160;if the arrangement includes a general right of return relative to the delivered item(s), delivery or performance of
the undelivered item(s) is considered probable and substantially within its control. In assessing whether an item under a collaboration
has standalone value, the Company considers factors such as the research, manufacturing, and commercialization capabilities of
the collaboration partner and the availability of the associated expertise in the general marketplace. The Company also considers
whether its collaboration partners can use the other deliverable(s) for their intended purpose without the receipt of the remaining
element(s), whether the value of the deliverable is dependent on the undelivered item(s), and whether there are other vendors
that can provide the undelivered element(s).</font></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</font></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 0 0.25in; text-align: justify"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">The
Company recognizes arrangement consideration allocated to each unit of accounting when all of the revenue recognition criteria
in ASC 606 are satisfied for that particular unit of accounting. In the event that a deliverable does not represent a separate
unit of accounting, the Company recognizes revenue from the combined unit of accounting over the Company's contractual or
estimated performance period for the undelivered elements, which is typically the term of the Company's research and development
obligations. If there is no discernible pattern of performance or objectively measurable performance measures do not exist, then
the Company recognizes revenue under the arrangement on a straight-line basis over the period the Company is expected to complete
its performance obligations. Conversely, if the pattern of performance in which the service is provided to the customer can be
determined and objectively measurable performance measures exist, then the Company recognizes revenue under the arrangement using
the proportional performance method. Revenue recognized is limited to the lesser of the cumulative amount of payments received
or the cumulative amount of revenue earned, as determined using the straight-line method or proportional performance method, as
applicable, as of the period ending date.</font></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</font></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 0 0.25in; text-align: justify"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">At
the inception of an arrangement that includes milestone payments, the Company evaluates whether each milestone is substantive
and at risk to both parties on the basis of the contingent nature of the milestone. This evaluation includes an assessment of
whether: (1)&#160;the consideration is commensurate with either the Company's performance to achieve the milestone or the
enhancement of the value of the delivered item(s) as a result of a specific outcome resulting from its performance to achieve
the milestone, (2)&#160;the consideration relates solely to past performance and (3)&#160;the consideration is reasonable relative
to all of the deliverables and payment terms within the arrangement. The Company evaluates factors such as the scientific, clinical,
regulatory, commercial, and other risks that must be overcome to achieve the particular milestone and the level of effort and
investment required to achieve the particular milestone in making this assessment. There is considerable judgment involved in
determining whether a milestone satisfies all of the criteria required to conclude that a milestone is substantive. Milestones
that are not considered substantive are recognized as earned if there are no remaining performance obligations or over the remaining
period of performance, assuming all other revenue recognition criteria are met.</font></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</font></p>

<table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%">
<tr style="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <td style="width: 24px; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</font></td>
    <td style="width: 24px; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">(iv)</font></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Royalties
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</table>
<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</font></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 0 0.25in; text-align: justify"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Under
the collaborative agreement with the collaboration partners, the Company is entitled to receive royalties on sales of products,
which is at certain percentage of the net sales. The Company recognizes revenue from these events based on the revenue recognition
criteria set forth in ASC 606. Based on those criteria, the Company considers these payments to be contingent revenues, and recognizes
them as revenue in the period in which the applicable contingency is resolved.</font></p><span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_abvcd_ReceivableFromCollaborationPartners', window );">Receivable from Collaboration Partners</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"><p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><u>Receivable
from Collaboration Partners</u></font></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</font></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Receivable
from collaboration partners is stated at carrying value less estimates made for doubtful receivables. An allowance for impairment
of receivable from collaboration partners is established if the collection of a receivable becomes doubtful. Such receivable becomes
doubtful when there is objective evidence that the Company will not be able to collect all amounts due according to the original
terms of the receivables. Significant financial difficulties of the debtor, probability that the debtor will enter into bankruptcy
or financial reorganization, and default or delinquency in payments are considered indicators that the receivable is impaired.
The amount of the allowance is the difference between the asset's carrying amount and the present value of estimated future
cash flows, discounted at the original effective interest rate.</font></p><span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_PropertyPlantAndEquipmentPolicyTextBlock', window );">Property and Equipment</a></td>
<td class="text"><p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><u>Property
and Equipment</u></font></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><b><i>&#160;</i></b></font></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Property
and equipment is carried at cost net of accumulated depreciation. Repairs and maintenance are expensed as incurred. Expenditures
that improve the functionality of the related asset or extend the useful life are capitalized. When property and equipment is
retired or otherwise disposed of, the related gain or loss is included in operating income. Leasehold improvements are depreciated
on the straight-line method over the shorter of the remaining lease term or estimated useful life of the asset. Depreciation is
calculated on the straight-line method, including property and equipment under capital leases, generally based on the following
useful lives:</font></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</font></p>

<table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-collapse: collapse">
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <td style="width: 87%; text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</font></td>
    <td style="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</font></td>
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<tr style="background-color: #CCEEFF; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <td style="vertical-align: top; text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Buildings
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    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</font></td>
    <td style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: center; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">5
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<tr style="background-color: white; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
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    and equipment</font></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</font></td>
    <td style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: center; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">5
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<tr style="background-color: #CCEEFF; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
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    equipment</font></td>
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</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ImpairmentOrDisposalOfLongLivedAssetsPolicyTextBlock', window );">Impairment of Long-Lived Assets</a></td>
<td class="text"><p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><u>Impairment
of Long-Lived Assets</u></font></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</font></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">The
Company has adopted Accounting Standards Codification subtopic 360-10, Property, Plant and Equipment ("ASC 360-10").
ASC 360-10 requires that long-lived assets and certain identifiable intangibles held and used by the Company be reviewed for impairment
whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying amount of an asset may not be recoverable. The Company
evaluates its long-lived assets for impairment annually or more often if events and circumstances warrant. Events relating to
recoverability may include significant unfavorable changes in business conditions, recurring losses, or a forecasted inability
to achieve break-even operating results over an extended period. Should impairment in value be indicated, the carrying value of
intangible assets will be adjusted, based on estimates of future discounted cash flows resulting from the use and ultimate disposition
of the asset. ASC 360-10 also requires assets to be disposed of be reported at the lower of the carrying amount or the fair value
less costs to sell.</font></p><span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_abvcd_LongTermEquityInvestmentPolicy', window );">Long-term Equity Investment</a></td>
<td class="text"><p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><u>Long-term
Equity Investment</u>&#160;</font></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</font></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">The
Company acquires the equity investments to promote business and strategic objectives. The Company accounts for non-marketable
equity and other equity investments for which the Company does not have control over the investees as:</font></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</font></p>

<table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
<tr style="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <td style="width: 24px; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</font></td>
    <td style="width: 24px; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#9679;</font></td>
    <td style="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Equity
    method investments when the Company has the ability to exercise significant influence, but not control, over the investee.
    Its proportionate share of the income or loss is recognized monthly and is recorded in gains (losses) on equity investments.</font></td></tr>
</table>
<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</font></p>

<table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%">
<tr style="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <td style="width: 24px; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</font></td>
    <td style="width: 24px; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#9679;</font></td>
    <td style="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Non-marketable
    cost method investments when the equity method does not apply.</font></td></tr>
</table>
<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</font></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Significant
judgment is required to identify whether an impairment exists in the valuation of the Company's non-marketable equity investments,
and therefore the Company considers this a critical accounting estimate. Its yearly analysis considers both qualitative and quantitative
factors that may have a significant impact on the investee's fair value. Qualitative analysis of its investments involves
understanding the financial performance and near-term prospects of the investee, changes in general market conditions in the investee's
industry or geographic area, and the management and governance structure of the investee. Quantitative assessments of the fair
value of its investments are developed using the market and income approaches. The market approach includes the use of comparable
financial metrics of private and public companies and recent financing rounds. The income approach includes the use of a discounted
cash flow model, which requires significant estimates regarding the investees' revenue, costs, and discount rates. The Company's
assessment of these factors in determining whether an impairment exists could change in the future due to new developments or
changes in applied assumptions.</font></p><span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"><p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><u>Long-term
Equity Investment</u>&#160;</font></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</font></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">The
Company acquires the equity investments to promote business and strategic objectives. The Company accounts for non-marketable
equity and other equity investments for which the Company does not have control over the investees as:</font></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</font></p>

<table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
<tr style="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <td style="width: 24px; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</font></td>
    <td style="width: 24px; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#9679;</font></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Equity
    method investments when the Company has the ability to exercise significant influence, but not control, over the investee.
    Its proportionate share of the income or loss is recognized monthly and is recorded in gains (losses) on equity investments.</font></td></tr>

<tr style="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify">&#160;</td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <td style="width: 24px; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</font></td>
    <td style="width: 24px; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#9679;</font></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Non-marketable
    cost method investments when the equity method does not apply.</font></td></tr>
</table>
<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;&#160;</font></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Significant
judgment is required to identify whether an impairment exists in the valuation of the Company's non-marketable equity investments,
and therefore the Company considers this a critical accounting estimate. Its yearly analysis considers both qualitative and quantitative
factors that may have a significant impact on the investee's fair value. Qualitative analysis of its investments involves
understanding the financial performance and near-term prospects of the investee, changes in general market conditions in the investee's
industry or geographic area, and the management and governance structure of the investee. Quantitative assessments of the fair
value of its investments are developed using the market and income approaches. The market approach includes the use of comparable
financial metrics of private and public companies and recent financing rounds. The income approach includes the use of a discounted
cash flow model, which requires significant estimates regarding the investees' revenue, costs, and discount rates. The Company's
assessment of these factors in determining whether an impairment exists could change in the future due to new developments or
changes in applied assumptions.</font></p><span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_abvcd_OtherThanTemporaryImpairmentPolicyTextBlock', window );">Other-Than-Temporary Impairment</a></td>
<td class="text"><p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><u>Other-Than-Temporary
Impairment</u></font></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</font></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">The
Company's long-term equity investments are subject to a periodic impairment review. Impairments affect earnings as follows:</font></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</font></p>

<table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
<tr style="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <td style="width: 24px; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</font></td>
    <td style="width: 24px; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#9679;</font></td>
    <td style="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Marketable
    equity securities include the consideration of general market conditions, the duration and extent to which the fair value
    is below cost, and our ability and intent to hold the investment for a sufficient period of time to allow for recovery of
    value in the foreseeable future. The Company also considers specific adverse conditions related to the financial health of,
    and the business outlook for, the investee, which may include industry and sector performance, changes in technology, operational
    and financing cash flow factors, and changes in the investee's credit rating. The Company records other-than-temporary
    impairments on marketable equity securities and marketable equity method investments in gains (losses) on equity investments.</font></td></tr>
</table>
<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</font></p>

<table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
<tr style="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <td style="width: 24px; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</font></td>
    <td style="width: 24px; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#9679;</font></td>
    <td style="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Non-marketable
    equity investments based on the Company's assessment of the severity and duration of the impairment, and qualitative
    and quantitative analysis of the operating performance of the investee; adverse changes in market conditions and the regulatory
    or economic environment; changes in operating structure or management of the investee; additional funding requirements; and
    the investee's ability to remain in business. A series of operating losses of an investee or other factors may indicate
    that a decrease in value of the investment has occurred that is other than temporary and that shall be recognized even though
    the decrease in value is in excess of what would otherwise be recognized by application of the equity method. A loss in value
    of an investment that is other than a temporary decline shall be recognized. Evidence of a loss in value might include, but
    would not necessarily be limited to, absence of an ability to recover the carrying amount of the investment or inability of
    the investee to sustain an earnings capacity that would justify the carrying amount of the investment. The Company records
    other-than-temporary impairments for non-marketable cost method investments and equity method investments in gains (losses)
    on equity investments. Other-than-temporary impairments of equity investments were $0 for the three months ended March 31,
    2019 and 2018, respectively.</font></td></tr></table><span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"><p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><u>Other-Than-Temporary
Impairment</u></font></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><b><i>&#160;</i></b></font></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">The
Company's long-term equity investments are subject to a periodic impairment review. Impairments affect earnings as follows:</font></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</font></p>

<table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
<tr style="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <td style="width: 24px; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</font></td>
    <td style="width: 24px; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#9679;</font></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Marketable
    equity securities include the consideration of general market conditions, the duration and extent to which the fair value
    is below cost, and our ability and intent to hold the investment for a sufficient period of time to allow for recovery of
    value in the foreseeable future. The Company also considers specific adverse conditions related to the financial health of,
    and the business outlook for, the investee, which may include industry and sector performance, changes in technology, operational
    and financing cash flow factors, and changes in the investee's credit rating. The Company records other-than-temporary
    impairments on marketable equity securities and marketable equity method investments in gains (losses) on equity investments.</font></td></tr>

<tr style="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify">&#160;</td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <td style="width: 24px; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</font></td>
    <td style="width: 24px; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#9679;</font></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Non-marketable
    equity investments based on the Company's assessment of the severity and duration of the impairment, and qualitative
    and quantitative analysis of the operating performance of the investee; adverse changes in market conditions and the regulatory
    or economic environment; changes in operating structure or management of the investee; additional funding requirements; and
    the investee's ability to remain in business. A series of operating losses of an investee or other factors may indicate
    that a decrease in value of the investment has occurred that is other than temporary and that shall be recognized even though
    the decrease in value is in excess of what would otherwise be recognized by application of the equity method. A loss in value
    of an investment that is other than a temporary decline shall be recognized. Evidence of a loss in value might include, but
    would not necessarily be limited to, absence of an ability to recover the carrying amount of the investment or inability of
    the investee to sustain an earnings capacity that would justify the carrying amount of the investment. The Company records
    other-than-temporary impairments for non-marketable cost method investments and equity method investments in gains (losses)
    on equity investments. Other-than-temporary impairments of equity investments were $2,549,451 and $0 for the years ended December
    31, 2018 and 2017, respectively.</font></td></tr></table><span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_GoodwillAndIntangibleAssetsPolicyTextBlock', window );">Goodwill</a></td>
<td class="text"><p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><u>Goodwill</u></font></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</font></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">The
Company evaluates goodwill for impairment annually or more frequently when an event occurs or circumstances change that indicate
the carrying value may not be recoverable. In testing goodwill for impairment, the Company may elect to utilize a qualitative
assessment to evaluate whether it is more likely than not that the fair value of a reporting unit is less than its carrying amount.
If the qualitative assessment indicates that goodwill impairment is more likely than not, the Company performs a two-step impairment
test. The Company tests goodwill for impairment under the two-step impairment test by first comparing the book value of net assets
to the fair value of the reporting units. If the fair value is determined to be less than the book value or qualitative factors
indicate that it is more likely than not that goodwill is impaired, a second step is performed to compute the amount of impairment
as the difference between the estimated fair value of goodwill and the carrying value. The Company estimates the fair value of
the reporting units using discounted cash flows. Forecasts of future cash flows are based on our best estimate of future net sales
and operating expenses, based primarily on expected category expansion, pricing, market segment share, and general economic conditions.</font></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</font></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">The
Company completed the required testing of goodwill for impairment at the closing of Merger of BioKey on February 8, 2019, and
determined that goodwill was impaired because of the current financial condition of the Company and the Company's inability
to generate future operating income without substantial sales volume increases, which are highly uncertain. Furthermore, the Company
anticipates future cash flows indicate that the recoverability of goodwill is not reasonably assured.</font></p><span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ResearchAndDevelopmentExpensePolicy', window );">Research and Development Expenses</a></td>
<td class="text"><p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><u>Research
and Development Expenses</u></font></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</font></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">The
Company accounts for the cost of using licensing rights in research and development cost according to ASC Topic 730-10-25-1. This
guidance provides that absent alternative future uses the acquisition of product rights to be used in research and development
activities must be charged to research and development expenses when incurred.</font></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</font></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">For
CDMO business unit, the Company accounts for R&#38;D costs in accordance with Accounting Standards Codification ("ASC")
730, Research and Development ("ASC 730"). Research and development expenses are charged to expense as incurred unless
there is an alternative future use in other research and development projects or otherwise. Research and development expenses
are comprised of costs incurred in performing research and development activities, including personnel-related costs, facilities-related
overhead, and outside contracted services including clinical trial costs, manufacturing and process development costs for both
clinical and preclinical materials, research costs, and other consulting services. Non-refundable advance payment for goods and
services that will be used in future research and development activities are expensed when the activity has been performed or
when the goods have been received rather than when the payment is made. In instances where the Company enters into agreements
with third parties to provide research and development services, costs are expensed as services are performed.</font></p><span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"><p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><u>Research
and Development Expenses</u></font></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</font></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">The
Company accounts for the cost of using licensing rights in research and development cost according to ASC Topic 730-10-25-1. This
guidance provides that absent alternative future uses the acquisition of product rights to be used in research and development
activities must be charged to research and development expenses when incurred.</font></p><span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_PensionAndOtherPostretirementPlansNonpensionBenefitsPolicy', window );">Post-retirement and post-employment benefits</a></td>
<td class="text"><p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><u>Post-retirement
and post-employment benefits</u></font></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><b><i>&#160;</i></b></font></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">The
Company's subsidiaries in Taiwan adopted the government mandated defined contribution plan pursuant to the Labor Pension
Act (the "Act") in Taiwan. Such labor regulations require that the rate of contribution made by an employer to the
Labor Pension Fund per month shall not be less than 6% of the worker's monthly salaries. Pursuant to the Act, the Company
makes monthly contribution equal to 6% of employees' salaries to the employees' pension fund. The Company has no legal
obligation for the benefits beyond the contributions made. The total amounts for such employee benefits, which were expensed as
incurred, were $4,424 and $5,586 for the three months ended March 31, 2019 and 2018, respectively. Other than the above, the Company
does not provide any other post-retirement or post-employment benefits.</font></p><span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_CompensationRelatedCostsPolicyTextBlock', window );">Stock-based Compensation</a></td>
<td class="text"><p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><u>Stock-based
Compensation</u></font></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</font></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">The
Company measures expense associated with all employee stock-based compensation awards using a fair value method and recognizes
such expense in the consolidated financial statements on a straight-line basis over the requisite service period in accordance
with FASB ASC Topic 718 "Compensation-Stock Compensation". Total employee stock-based compensation expenses were $0
for the three months ended March 31, 2019 and 2018.</font></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</font></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">The
Company accounted for stock-based compensation to non-employees in accordance with FASB ASC Topic 718 "Compensation-Stock
Compensation" and FASB ASC Topic 505-50 "Equity-Based Payments to Non-Employees" which requires that the cost
of services received from non-employees is measured at fair value at the earlier of the performance commitment date or the date
service is completed and recognized over the period the service is provided. Total non-employee stock-based compensation expenses
were $8,550 and $5,626 for the three months ended March 31, 2019 and 2018, respectively.</font></p><span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"><p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><u>Stock-based
Compensation</u></font></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</font></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">The
Company measures expense associated with all employee stock-based compensation awards using a fair value method and recognizes
such expense in the consolidated financial statements on a straight-line basis over the requisite service period in accordance
with FASB ASC Topic 718 "Compensation-Stock Compensation". Total employee stock-based compensation expenses were $0
for the years ended December 31, 2018 and 2017.</font></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</font></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">The
Company accounted for stock-based compensation to non-employees in accordance with FASB ASC Topic 718 "Compensation-Stock
Compensation" and FASB ASC Topic 505-50 "Equity-Based Payments to Non-Employees" which requires that the cost
of services received from non-employees is measured at fair value at the earlier of the performance commitment date or the date
service is completed and recognized over the period the service is provided. Total non-employee stock-based compensation expenses
were $28,800 and $155,400 for the years ended December 31, 2018 and 2017, respectively.</font></p><span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_abvcd_BeneficialConversionFeature', window );">Beneficial Conversion Feature</a></td>
<td class="text"><p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><u>Beneficial
Conversion Feature</u></font></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><b><i>&#160;</i></b></font></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">From
time to time, the Company may issue convertible notes that may contain an imbedded beneficial conversion feature. A beneficial
conversion feature exists on the date a convertible note is issued when the fair value of the underlying common stock to which
the note is convertible into is in excess of the remaining unallocated proceeds of the note after first considering the allocation
of a portion of the note proceeds to the fair value of the warrants, if related warrants have been granted. The intrinsic value
of the beneficial conversion feature is recorded as a debt discount with a corresponding amount to additional paid in capital.
The debt discount is amortized to interest expense over the life of the note using the effective interest method.</font></p><span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"><p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><u>Beneficial
Conversion Feature</u></font></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><b><i>&#160;</i></b></font></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">From
time to time, the Company may issue convertible notes that may contain an imbedded beneficial conversion feature. A beneficial
conversion feature exists on the date a convertible note is issued when the fair value of the underlying common stock to which
the note is convertible into is in excess of the remaining unallocated proceeds of the note after first considering the allocation
of a portion of the note proceeds to the fair value of the warrants, if related warrants have been granted. The intrinsic value
of the beneficial conversion feature is recorded as a debt discount with a corresponding amount to additional paid in capital.
The debt discount is amortized to interest expense over the life of the note using the effective interest method.</font></p><span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_IncomeTaxPolicyTextBlock', window );">Income Taxes</a></td>
<td class="text"><p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><u>Income
Taxes</u></font></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 40.2pt"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</font></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">The
Company accounts for income taxes using the asset and liability approach which allows the recognition and measurement of deferred
tax assets to be based upon the likelihood of realization of tax benefits in future years. Under the asset and liability approach,
deferred taxes are provided for the net tax effects of temporary differences between the carrying amounts of assets and liabilities
for financial reporting purposes and the amounts used for income tax purposes. A valuation allowance is provided for deferred
tax assets if it is more likely than not these items will expire before the Company is able to realize their benefits, or future
deductibility is uncertain.</font></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</font></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Under
ASC 740, a tax position is recognized as a benefit only if it is&#160;"more likely than not"&#160;that the tax position
would be sustained in a tax examination, with a tax examination being presumed to occur. The evaluation of a tax position is a
two-step process. The first step is to determine whether it is more-likely-than-not that a tax position will be sustained upon
examination, including the resolution of any related appeals or litigations based on the technical merits of that position. The
second step is to measure a tax position that meets the more-likely-than-not threshold to determine the amount of benefits recognized
in the financial statements. A tax position is measured at the largest amount of benefit that is greater than 50 percent likely
of being realized upon ultimate settlement. Tax positions that previously failed to meet the more-likely-than-not recognition
threshold should be recognized in the first subsequent period in which the threshold is met. Previously recognized tax positions
that no longer meet the more-likely-than-not criteria should be de-recognized in the first subsequent financial reporting period
in which the threshold is no longer satisfied. Penalties and interest incurred related to underpayment of income tax are classified
as income tax expense in the year incurred. No significant penalty or interest relating to income taxes has been incurred for
the three months ended March 31, 2019 and 2018. GAAP also provides guidance on de-recognition, classification, interest and penalties,
accounting in interim periods, disclosures and transition.</font></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</font></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; background-color: white">On
December 22, 2017, the SEC issued Staff Accounting Bulletin ("SAB 118"), which provides guidance on accounting for
tax effects of the Tax Act. SAB 118 provides a measurement period that should not extend beyond one year from the Tax Act enactment
date for companies to complete the accounting under ASC 740. In accordance with SAB 118, a company must reflect the income tax
effects of those aspects of the Act for which the accounting under ASC 740 is complete. To the extent that a company's accounting
for certain income tax effects of the Tax Act is incomplete but it is able to determine a reasonable estimate, it must record
a provisional estimate to be included in the financial statements. If a company cannot determine a provisional estimate to be
included in the financial statements, it should continue to apply ASC 740 on the basis of the provision of the tax laws that were
in effect immediately before the enactment of the Tax Act. While the Company is able to make reasonable estimates of the impact
of the reduction in corporate rate and the deemed repatriation transition tax, the final impact of the Tax Act may differ from
these estimates, due to, among other things, changes in our interpretations and assumptions, additional guidance that may be issued
by the I.R.S., and actions the Company may take. The Company is continuing to gather additional information to determine the final
impact.</font></p><span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"><p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><u>Income
Taxes</u></font></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 40.2pt"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</font></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">The
Company accounts for income taxes using the asset and liability approach which allows the recognition and measurement of deferred
tax assets to be based upon the likelihood of realization of tax benefits in future years. Under the asset and liability approach,
deferred taxes are provided for the net tax effects of temporary differences between the carrying amounts of assets and liabilities
for financial reporting purposes and the amounts used for income tax purposes. A valuation allowance is provided for deferred
tax assets if it is more likely than not these items will expire before the Company is able to realize their benefits, or future
deductibility is uncertain.</font></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</font></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Under
ASC 740, a tax position is recognized as a benefit only if it is&#160;"more likely than not"&#160;that the tax position
would be sustained in a tax examination, with a tax examination being presumed to occur. The evaluation of a tax position is a
two-step process. The first step is to determine whether it is more-likely-than-not that a tax position will be sustained upon
examination, including the resolution of any related appeals or litigations based on the technical merits of that position. The
second step is to measure a tax position that meets the more-likely-than-not threshold to determine the amount of benefits recognized
in the financial statements. A tax position is measured at the largest amount of benefit that is greater than 50 percent likely
of being realized upon ultimate settlement. Tax positions that previously failed to meet the more-likely-than-not recognition
threshold should be recognized in the first subsequent period in which the threshold is met. Previously recognized tax positions
that no longer meet the more-likely-than-not criteria should be de-recognized in the first subsequent financial reporting period
in which the threshold is no longer satisfied. Penalties and interest incurred related to underpayment of income tax are classified
as income tax expense in the year incurred. No significant penalty or interest relating to income taxes has been incurred for
the years ended December 31, 2018 and 2017. GAAP also provides guidance on de-recognition, classification, interest and penalties,
accounting in interim periods, disclosures and transition.</font></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</font></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; background-color: white">On
December 22, 2017, the SEC issued Staff Accounting Bulletin ("SAB 118"), which provides guidance on accounting for
tax effects of the Tax Act. SAB 118 provides a measurement period that should not extend beyond one year from the Tax Act enactment
date for companies to complete the accounting under ASC 740. In accordance with SAB 118, a company must reflect the income tax
effects of those aspects of the Act for which the accounting under ASC 740 is complete. To the extent that a company's accounting
for certain income tax effects of the Tax Act is incomplete but it is able to determine a reasonable estimate, it must record
a provisional estimate to be included in the financial statements. If a company cannot determine a provisional estimate to be
included in the financial statements, it should continue to apply ASC 740 on the basis of the provision of the tax laws that were
in effect immediately before the enactment of the Tax Act. While the Company is able to make reasonable estimates of the impact
of the reduction in corporate rate and the deemed repatriation transition tax, the final impact of the Tax Act may differ from
these estimates, due to, among other things, changes in our interpretations and assumptions, additional guidance that may be issued
by the I.R.S., and actions we may take. The Company is continuing to gather additional information to determine the final impact.</font></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</font></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">For
the years ended December 31, 2018 and 2017, the Company's income tax expense amounted $1,850 and $830, respectively.</font></p><span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_abvcd_ValuationOfDeferredTaxAssetsPolicyTextBlock', window );">Valuation of Deferred Tax Assets</a></td>
<td class="text"><p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><u>Valuation
of Deferred Tax Assets&#160;</u></font></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</font></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">A
valuation allowance is recorded to reduce the Company's deferred tax assets to the amount that is more likely than not to
be realized. In assessing the need for the valuation allowance, management considers, among other things, projections of future
taxable income and ongoing prudent and feasible tax planning strategies. If the Company determines that sufficient negative evidence
exists, then it will consider recording a valuation allowance against a portion or all of the deferred tax assets in that jurisdiction.
If, after recording a valuation allowance, the Company's projections of future taxable income and other positive evidence
considered in evaluating the need for a valuation allowance prove, with the benefit of hindsight, to be inaccurate, it could prove
to be more difficult to support the realization of its deferred tax assets. As a result, an additional valuation allowance could
be required, which would have an adverse impact on its effective income tax rate and results. Conversely, if, after recording
a valuation allowance, the Company determines that sufficient positive evidence exists in the jurisdiction in which the valuation
allowance was recorded, it may reverse a portion or all of the valuation allowance in that jurisdiction. In such situations, the
adjustment made to the deferred tax asset would have a favorable impact on its effective income tax rate and results in the period
such determination was made.</font></p><span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_EarningsPerSharePolicyTextBlock', window );">Loss Per Share of Common Stock</a></td>
<td class="text"><p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><u>Loss
Per Share of Common Stock</u></font></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</font></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">The
Company calculates net loss per share in accordance with ASC Topic 260, "Earnings per Share". Basic loss per share
is computed by dividing the net loss by the weighted average number of common shares outstanding during the period. Diluted loss
per share is computed similar to basic loss per share except that the denominator is increased to include the number of additional
common shares that would have been outstanding if the potential common stock equivalents had been issued and if the additional
common shares were dilutive. Diluted earnings per share excludes all dilutive potential shares if their effect is anti-dilutive.</font></p><span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"><p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><u>Loss
Per Share of Common Stock</u></font></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</font></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">The
Company calculates net loss per share in accordance with ASC Topic 260, "Earnings per Share". Basic loss per share
is computed by dividing the net loss by the weighted average number of common shares outstanding during the period. Diluted loss
per share is computed similar to basic loss per share except that the denominator is increased to include the number of additional
common shares that would have been outstanding if the potential common stock equivalents had been issued and if the additional
common shares were dilutive. Diluted earnings per share excludes all dilutive potential shares if their effect is anti-dilutive.</font></p><span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_CommitmentsAndContingenciesPolicyTextBlock', window );">Commitments and Contingencies</a></td>
<td class="text"><p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><u>Commitments
and Contingencies</u></font></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</font></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">The
Company has adopted ASC Topic 450 "Contingencies" subtopic 20, in determining its accruals and disclosures with respect
to loss contingencies. Accordingly, estimated losses from loss contingencies are accrued by a charge to income when information
available before financial statements are issued or are available to be issued indicates that it is probable that an assets had
been impaired or a liability had been incurred at the date of the financial statements and the amount of the loss can be reasonably
estimated. Legal expenses associated with the contingency are expensed as incurred. If a loss contingency is not probable or reasonably
estimable, disclosure of the loss contingency is made in the financial statements when it is at least reasonably possible that
a material loss could be incurred.</font></p><span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"><p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><u>Commitments
and Contingencies</u></font></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</font></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">The
Company has adopted ASC Topic 450 "Contingencies" subtopic 20, in determining its accruals and disclosures with respect
to loss contingencies. Accordingly, estimated losses from loss contingencies are accrued by a charge to income when information
available before financial statements are issued or are available to be issued indicates that it is probable that an assets had
been impaired or a liability had been incurred at the date of the financial statements and the amount of the loss can be reasonably
estimated. Legal expenses associated with the contingency are expensed as incurred. If a loss contingency is not probable or reasonably
estimable, disclosure of the loss contingency is made in the financial statements when it is at least reasonably possible that
a material loss could be incurred.</font></p><span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ForeignCurrencyTransactionsAndTranslationsPolicyTextBlock', window );">Foreign-currency Transactions</a></td>
<td class="text"><p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><u>Foreign-currency
Transactions&#160;</u></font></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</font></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">For
the Company's subsidiaries in Taiwan, the foreign-currency transactions are recorded in New Taiwan dollars ("NTD")
at the rates of exchange in effect when the transactions occur. Gains or losses resulting from the application of different foreign
exchange rates when cash in foreign currency is converted into New Taiwan dollars, or when foreign-currency receivables or payables
are settled, are credited or charged to income in the year of conversion or settlement. On the balance sheet dates, the balances
of foreign-currency assets and liabilities are restated at the prevailing exchange rates and the resulting differences are charged
to current income except for those foreign currencies denominated investments in shares of stock where such differences are accounted
for as translation adjustments under the Statements of Stockholders' Equity (Deficit).</font></p><span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_abvcd_TranslationAdjustmentPolicyTextBlock', window );">Translation Adjustment</a></td>
<td class="text"><p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><u>Translation
Adjustment&#160;</u></font></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</font></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">The
accounts of the Company's subsidiaries in Taiwan were maintained, and their financial statements were expressed, in New
Taiwan Dollar ("NT$"). Such financial statements were translated into U.S. Dollars ("$" or "USD")
in accordance ASC 830, "Foreign Currency Matters", with the NT$ as the functional currency. According to the Statement,
all assets and liabilities are translated at the current exchange rate, stockholder's deficit are translated at the historical
rates and income statement items are translated at an average exchange rate for the period. The resulting translation adjustments
are reported under other comprehensive income (loss) as a component of stockholders' equity (deficit).</font></p><span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_NewAccountingPronouncementsPolicyPolicyTextBlock', window );">Recent Accounting Pronouncements</a></td>
<td class="text"><p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><u>Recent
Accounting Pronouncements</u></font></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</font></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">In
August 2018, the FASB issued ASU 2018-13, Fair Value Measurement ("Topic 820"): Disclosure Framework - Changes to
the Disclosure Requirements for Fair Value Measurement ("ASU 2018-13"). The ASU modifies the disclosure requirements
in Topic 820, Fair Value Measurement, by removing certain disclosure requirements related to the fair value hierarchy, modifying
existing disclosure requirements related to measurement uncertainty and adding new disclosure requirements, such as disclosing
the changes in unrealized gains and losses for the period included in other comprehensive income for recurring Level 3 fair value
measurements held at the end of the reporting period and disclosing the range and weighted average of significant unobservable
inputs used to develop Level 3 fair value measurements. This ASU is effective for public companies for annual reporting periods
and interim periods within those annual periods beginning after December 15, 2019. The Company is currently evaluating the effect,
if any, that the ASU 2018-13 will have on its consolidated financial statements.&#160;</font></p><span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"><p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><u>Recent
Accounting Pronouncements</u></font></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</font></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">In
February 2016, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (the "FASB") issued ASU 2016-02, Leases (ASC 842), which was
amended by ASU 2018-11, Leases (ASC 842): Targeted Improvements. The new guidance requires lessee recognition on the balance sheet
of a right-of-use (ROU) asset and a lease liability, initially measured at the present value of the lease payments. It further
requires recognition in the income statement of a single lease cost, calculated so that the cost of the lease is allocated over
the lease term generally on a straight-line basis. Finally, it requires classification of all cash payments within operating activities
in the statement of cash flows. The standard is effective for public companies for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2018
and early adoption is permitted. The standard requires a transition adoption election using either 1) a modified retrospective
approach with periods prior to the adoption date being recast or 2) a prospective adoption approach with a cumulative-effect adjustment
recognized to the opening balance of retained earnings on the adoption date with prior periods not recast. The Company anticipates
adopting this standard with an effective date of January 1, 2019 using the prospective adoption approach. The Company has evaluated
the changes from this standard to its future financial reporting and disclosures, and has designed and implemented related processes
and controls to address these changes. The Company believes the most significant effects relate to (1) the recognition of new
ROU assets and lease liabilities on its balance sheet for its office operating lease; and (2) providing significant new disclosures
about its leasing activities related to the amount, timing and uncertainty of cash flows arising from leases. The Company is continuing
its assessment, which may identify additional impacts this guidance will have on its financial statements and disclosures.</font></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</font></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">On
December 22, 2017, the SEC issued Staff Accounting Bulletin ("SAB 118"), which provides guidance on accounting for
tax effects of the Tax Act. SAB 118 provides a measurement period that should not extend beyond one year from the Tax Act enactment
date for companies to complete the accounting under ASC 740. In accordance with SAB 118, a company must reflect the income tax
effects of those aspects of the Act for which the accounting under ASC 740 is complete.&#160;<font style="background-color: white">In
March 2018, the FASB issued ASU 2018-05, Amendments to SEC Paragraphs Pursuant to SEC Staff Accounting Bulletin No. 118 (SEC Update),
Income Taxes (Topic 740). ASU 2018-05 provides guidance regarding the recording of tax impacts where uncertainty exists, in the
period of adoption of the 2017 U.S. Tax Cuts and Jobs Act (the "2017 Tax Act").</font>To the extent that a company's
accounting for certain income tax effects of the Tax Act is incomplete but it is able to determine a reasonable estimate, it must
record a provisional estimate to be included in the financial statements. If a company cannot determine a provisional estimate
to be included in the financial statements, it should continue to apply ASC 740 on the basis of the provision of the tax laws
that were in effect immediately before the enactment of the Tax Act. While the Company is able to make reasonable estimates of
the impact of the reduction in corporate rate and the deemed repatriation transition tax, the final impact of the Tax Act may
differ from these estimates, due to, among other things, changes in its interpretations and assumptions, additional guidance that
may be issued by the I.R.S., and actions that the Company may take. The Company has accounted for the tax effects of the Tax Cuts
and Jobs Act under the guidance of SAB 118, on a provisional basis. The Company's accounting for certain income tax effects
is incomplete, but the Company has determined reasonable estimates for those effects The Company is continuing to gather additional
information to determine the final impact on its condensed consolidated financial statements.</font></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</font></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">In
February 2018, the FASB issued Accounting Standards Update No. 2018-02 ("ASU 2018-02"), Income Statement - Reporting
Comprehensive Income (Topic 220). The guidance in ASU 2018-02 allows an entity to elect to reclassify the stranded tax effects
related to the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act (the Tax Act) of 2017 from accumulated other comprehensive income into retained earnings.
ASU 2018-02 is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2018, with early adoption permitted. The Company is currently
evaluating the effect this standard will have on its condensed consolidated financial statements.</font></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</font></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; background-color: white">In
June 2018, the FASB issued ASU 2018-07, Compensation-Stock Compensation (Topic 718), Improvements to Nonemployee Share-based Payments
("ASU 2018-07"). This ASU expands the scope of Topic 718 to include share-based payment transactions for acquiring
goods and services from nonemployees. The effective date for the standard is for interim periods in fiscal years beginning after
December 15, 2018, with early adoption permitted, but no earlier than the Company's adoption date of Topic 606. U</font><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">nder
the new guidance, the measurement of nonemployee equity awards is fixed on the grant date.&#160;<font style="background-color: white">The
new guidance is required to be applied retrospectively with the cumulative effect recognized at the date of initial application.
The Company is currently evaluating the effect ASU 2018-07 will have on the condensed consolidated financial statements.</font></font></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</font></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">In
August 2018, the FASB issued ASU 2018-13, Fair Value Measurement ("Topic 820"): Disclosure Framework - Changes to
the Disclosure Requirements for Fair Value Measurement ("ASU 2018-13"). The ASU modifies the disclosure requirements
in Topic 820, Fair Value Measurement, by removing certain disclosure requirements related to the fair value hierarchy, modifying
existing disclosure requirements related to measurement uncertainty and adding new disclosure requirements, such as disclosing
the changes in unrealized gains and losses for the period included in other comprehensive income for recurring Level 3 fair value
measurements held at the end of the reporting period and disclosing the range and weighted average of significant unobservable
inputs used to develop Level 3 fair value measurements. This ASU is effective for public companies for annual reporting periods
and interim periods within those annual periods beginning after December 15, 2019. The Company is currently evaluating the effect,
if any, that the ASU 2018-13 will have on its financial statements.&#160;</font></p><span></span>
</td>
</tr>
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<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
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<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
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<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
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<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- References</a><div><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
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<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
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<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
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<tr>
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<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
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<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
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<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Entity's cash and cash equivalents accounting policy with respect to restricted balances.  Restrictions may include legally restricted deposits held as compensating balances against short-term borrowing arrangements, contracts entered into with others, or company statements of intention with regard to particular deposits; however, time deposits and short-term certificates of deposit are not generally included in legally restricted deposits.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 942<br> -SubTopic 210<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.9-03(1)(a))<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6876686&amp;loc=d3e534808-122878<br><br>Reference 2: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02(1))<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6877327&amp;loc=d3e13212-122682<br><br>Reference 3: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 235<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 3<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=84158767&amp;loc=d3e18780-107790<br><br>Reference 4: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 230<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=98513485&amp;loc=d3e4273-108586<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_CashAndCashEquivalentsRestrictedCashAndCashEquivalentsPolicy</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
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</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
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<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
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<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
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</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_CommitmentsAndContingenciesPolicyTextBlock">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Disclosure of accounting policy for commitments and contingencies, which may include policies for recognizing and measuring loss and gain contingencies.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 954<br> -SubTopic 450<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6491354&amp;loc=d3e6052-115624<br><br>Reference 2: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 954<br> -SubTopic 450<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6491354&amp;loc=d3e6049-115624<br><br>Reference 3: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 460<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 8<br> -Subparagraph (b)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=68068213&amp;loc=d3e12565-110249<br><br>Reference 4: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 235<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 3<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=84158767&amp;loc=d3e18780-107790<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_CommitmentsAndContingenciesPolicyTextBlock</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
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<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
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<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
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</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_CompensationRelatedCostsPolicyTextBlock">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Disclosure of accounting policy for salaries, bonuses, incentive awards, postretirement and postemployment benefits granted to employees, including equity-based arrangements; discloses methodologies for measurement, and the bases for recognizing related assets and liabilities and recognizing and reporting compensation expense.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 718<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -Subparagraph (b),(f(1))<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=116856206&amp;loc=d3e5070-113901<br><br>Reference 2: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 235<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=84158767&amp;loc=d3e18726-107790<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_CompensationRelatedCostsPolicyTextBlock</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
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<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
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<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
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<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
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</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_ConcentrationRiskCreditRisk">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Disclosure of accounting policy for credit risk.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 275<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (d)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=99393423&amp;loc=d3e5967-108592<br><br>Reference 2: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 942<br> -SubTopic 825<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=108315417&amp;loc=d3e61044-112788<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_ConcentrationRiskCreditRisk</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
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<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
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<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
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<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
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</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_EarningsPerSharePolicyTextBlock">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Disclosure of accounting policy for computing basic and diluted earnings or loss per share for each class of common stock and participating security. Addresses all significant policy factors, including any antidilutive items that have been excluded from the computation and takes into account stock dividends, splits and reverse splits that occur after the balance sheet date of the latest reporting period but before the issuance of the financial statements.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 260<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (c)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6371337&amp;loc=d3e3550-109257<br><br>Reference 2: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 260<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6371337&amp;loc=d3e3550-109257<br><br>Reference 3: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 235<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 3<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=84158767&amp;loc=d3e18780-107790<br><br>Reference 4: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 260<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6371337&amp;loc=d3e3630-109257<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_EarningsPerSharePolicyTextBlock</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
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<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
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<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
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<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
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</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_FairValueMeasurementPolicyPolicyTextBlock">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Disclosure of accounting policy for fair value measurements of financial and non-financial assets, liabilities and instruments classified in shareholders' equity. Disclosures include, but are not limited to, how an entity that manages a group of financial assets and liabilities on the basis of its net exposure measures the fair value of those assets and liabilities.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_FairValueMeasurementPolicyPolicyTextBlock</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
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<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>nonnum:textBlockItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
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</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
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</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_FiscalPeriod">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Disclosure of accounting policy for determining an entity's fiscal year or other fiscal period. This disclosure may include identification of the fiscal period end-date, the length of the fiscal period, any reporting period lag between the entity and its subsidiaries, or equity investees. If a reporting lag exists, the closing date of the entity having a different period end is generally noted, along with an explanation of the necessity for using different closing dates. Any intervening events that materially affect the entity's financial position or results of operations are generally also disclosed.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 810<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 12<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=108774443&amp;loc=d3e5291-111683<br><br>Reference 2: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 810<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.3A-02(b))<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=116822174&amp;loc=d3e355033-122828<br><br>Reference 3: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 810<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 3<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.3A-03(b))<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=116822174&amp;loc=d3e355100-122828<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_FiscalPeriod</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
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<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
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<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
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<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
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</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_ForeignCurrencyTransactionsAndTranslationsPolicyTextBlock">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Disclosure of accounting policy for (1) transactions denominated in a currency other than the reporting enterprise's functional currency, (2) translating foreign currency financial statements that are incorporated into the financial statements of the reporting enterprise by consolidation, combination, or the equity method of accounting, and (3) remeasurement of the financial statements of a foreign reporting enterprise in a hyperinflationary economy.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 235<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 3<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=84158767&amp;loc=d3e18780-107790<br><br>Reference 2: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 830<br> -SubTopic 30<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6450520&amp;loc=d3e32583-110901<br><br>Reference 3: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 830<br> -SubTopic 20<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6450222&amp;loc=d3e30840-110895<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_ForeignCurrencyTransactionsAndTranslationsPolicyTextBlock</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
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</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
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</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
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</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
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</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_GoodwillAndIntangibleAssetsPolicyTextBlock">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Disclosure of accounting policy for goodwill and intangible assets. This accounting policy also may address how an entity assesses and measures impairment of goodwill and intangible assets.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 235<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 3<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=84158767&amp;loc=d3e18780-107790<br><br>Reference 2: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 350<br> -SubTopic 20<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=108376223&amp;loc=d3e13816-109267<br><br>Reference 3: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 350<br> -SubTopic 30<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=66006027&amp;loc=d3e16265-109275<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_GoodwillAndIntangibleAssetsPolicyTextBlock</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>nonnum:textBlockItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
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</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
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</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_ImpairmentOrDisposalOfLongLivedAssetsPolicyTextBlock">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Disclosure of accounting policy for recognizing and measuring the impairment of long-lived assets. An entity also may disclose its accounting policy for long-lived assets to be sold. This policy excludes goodwill and intangible assets.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 360<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 05<br> -Paragraph 4<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=109226317&amp;loc=d3e202-110218<br><br>Reference 2: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 235<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 3<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=84158767&amp;loc=d3e18780-107790<br><br>Reference 3: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 360<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -Subparagraph (SAB Topic 5.CC)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=27011434&amp;loc=d3e125687-122742<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_ImpairmentOrDisposalOfLongLivedAssetsPolicyTextBlock</td>
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<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
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<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Disclosure of accounting policy for income taxes, which may include its accounting policies for recognizing and measuring deferred tax assets and liabilities and related valuation allowances, recognizing investment tax credits, operating loss carryforwards, tax credit carryforwards, and other carryforwards, methodologies for determining its effective income tax rate and the characterization of interest and penalties in the financial statements.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 740<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 20<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=84230637&amp;loc=d3e32847-109319<br><br>Reference 2: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 954<br> -SubTopic 740<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6491622&amp;loc=d3e9504-115650<br><br>Reference 3: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 235<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 3<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=84158767&amp;loc=d3e18780-107790<br><br>Reference 4: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 740<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 17<br> -Subparagraph (b)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=84230637&amp;loc=d3e32809-109319<br><br>Reference 5: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 220<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=116657188&amp;loc=SL116659661-227067<br><br>Reference 6: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 740<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 19<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=84230637&amp;loc=d3e32840-109319<br><br>Reference 7: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 740<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 25<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=116821951&amp;loc=d3e32247-109318<br><br>Reference 8: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 740<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 28<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=116821951&amp;loc=d3e32280-109318<br><br>Reference 9: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 740<br> -SubTopic 30<br> -Section 05<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=65884525&amp;loc=d3e40913-109327<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_IncomeTaxPolicyTextBlock</td>
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<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Disclosure of inventory accounting policy for inventory classes, including, but not limited to, basis for determining inventory amounts, methods by which amounts are added and removed from inventory classes, loss recognition on impairment of inventories, and situations in which inventories are stated above cost.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 330<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 4<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=116847112&amp;loc=d3e4556-108314<br><br>Reference 2: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 235<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 3<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=84158767&amp;loc=d3e18780-107790<br><br>Reference 3: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6361739&amp;loc=d3e7789-107766<br><br>Reference 4: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 270<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 6<br> -Subparagraph (a)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=116846552&amp;loc=d3e543-108305<br><br>Reference 5: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 330<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=116847112&amp;loc=d3e4492-108314<br><br>Reference 6: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02.6(b))<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6877327&amp;loc=d3e13212-122682<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
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<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
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<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Disclosure of accounting policy pertaining to new accounting pronouncements that may impact the entity's financial reporting. Includes, but is not limited to, quantification of the expected or actual impact.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
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<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Disclosure of accounting policy for plans, other than pension plans, that provide postretirement benefits (including both defined benefit and defined contribution plans). This accounting policy may address (1) the types of plans sponsored by the entity, and the benefits provided by each plan (2) groups that participate in (or are covered by) each plan (3) how plan assets, liabilities and expenses are measured, including the use of any actuaries and (4) significant assumptions used by the entity to value plan assets and liabilities and how such assumptions are derived.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 715<br> -SubTopic 80<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/subtopic&amp;trid=2235144<br><br>Reference 2: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 715<br> -SubTopic 60<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/subtopic&amp;trid=2235172<br><br>Reference 3: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 715<br> -SubTopic 70<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/subtopic&amp;trid=2235116<br><br>Reference 4: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 235<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 3<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=84158767&amp;loc=d3e18780-107790<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
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<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Disclosure of accounting policy for reclassifications that affects the comparability of the financial statements.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 205<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6359566&amp;loc=d3e326-107755<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
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<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Disclosure of accounting policy for long-lived, physical assets used in the normal conduct of business and not intended for resale. Includes, but is not limited to, basis of assets, depreciation and depletion methods used, including composite deprecation, estimated useful lives, capitalization policy, accounting treatment for costs incurred for repairs and maintenance, capitalized interest and the method it is calculated, disposals and impairments.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02.13(a))<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6877327&amp;loc=d3e13212-122682<br><br>Reference 2: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 360<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6391035&amp;loc=d3e2868-110229<br><br>Reference 3: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 235<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 3<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=84158767&amp;loc=d3e18780-107790<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
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<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Disclosure of accounting policy for costs it has incurred (1) in a planned search or critical investigation aimed at discovery of new knowledge with the hope that such knowledge will be useful in developing a new product or service, a new process or technique, or in bringing about a significant improvement to an existing product or process; or (2) to translate research findings or other knowledge into a plan or design for a new product or process or for a significant improvement to an existing product or process.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 235<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 3<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=84158767&amp;loc=d3e18780-107790<br><br>Reference 2: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 730<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6420194&amp;loc=d3e21568-108373<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
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<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
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<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Disclosure of accounting policy for revenue. Includes revenue from contract with customer and from other sources.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/exampleRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 235<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 4<br> -Subparagraph (e)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=84158767&amp;loc=d3e18823-107790<br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/exampleRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 235<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 4<br> -Subparagraph (f)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=84158767&amp;loc=d3e18823-107790<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
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<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Disclosure of accounting policy for the use of estimates in the preparation of financial statements in conformity with generally accepted accounting principles.</p></div>
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<span style="display: none;">v3.19.2</span><table class="report" border="0" cellspacing="2" id="idp6783798304">
<tr>
<th class="tl" colspan="1" rowspan="2"><div style="width: 200px;"><strong>Summary of Significant Accounting Policies (Tables)<br></strong></div></th>
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<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Tabular disclosure of physical assets used in the normal conduct of business and not intended for resale. Includes, but is not limited to, balances by class of assets, depreciation and depletion expense and method used, including composite depreciation, and accumulated deprecation.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02(13))<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6877327&amp;loc=d3e13212-122682<br><br>Reference 2: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 360<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6391035&amp;loc=d3e2868-110229<br></p></div>
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<span style="display: none;">v3.19.2</span><table class="report" border="0" cellspacing="2" id="idp6783657056">
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<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Tabular disclosure of the carrying amount as of the balance sheet date of merchandise, goods, commodities, or supplies held for future sale or to be used in manufacturing, servicing or production process.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02(6)(c))<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6877327&amp;loc=d3e13212-122682<br><br>Reference 2: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02(6)(b))<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6877327&amp;loc=d3e13212-122682<br><br>Reference 3: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02(6)(a))<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6877327&amp;loc=d3e13212-122682<br><br>Reference 4: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6361739&amp;loc=d3e7789-107766<br></p></div>
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<span style="display: none;">v3.19.2</span><table class="report" border="0" cellspacing="2" id="idp6702967648">
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<tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
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<tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
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<tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
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<tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
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<tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
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<tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
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    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right">(3,191,387</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left">)</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&#160;</td>
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<tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
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</tr>
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<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Schedule of property and equipment.</p></div>
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<span style="display: none;">v3.19.2</span><table class="report" border="0" cellspacing="2" id="idp6805153168">
<tr>
<th class="tl" colspan="1" rowspan="2"><div style="width: 200px;"><strong>Long-Term Investments (Tables)<br></strong></div></th>
<th class="th" colspan="1">3 Months Ended</th>
<th class="th" colspan="1">12 Months Ended</th>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="th"><div>Mar. 31, 2019</div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Dec. 31, 2018</div></th>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_abvcd_ScheduleOfOwnershipPercentagesOfInvesteeTableTextBlocks', window );">Schedule of ownership percentages of investee</a></td>
<td class="text"><p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.25in"></p>

<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td style="text-align: center; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"><b>&#160;</b></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"><b>&#160;</b></td>
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    <td><b>&#160;</b></td><td><b>&#160;</b></td>
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<tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid"><b>Name of related party</b></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt"><b>&#160;</b></td>
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    <td style="text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid"><b>treatment</b></td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="width: 61%; text-align: left">Braingenesis Biotechnology Co., Ltd.</td><td style="width: 1%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="width: 9%; text-align: right">0.17</td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">%</td><td style="width: 1%">&#160;</td>
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<tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="text-align: left">Genepharm Biotech Corporation</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">0.72</td><td style="text-align: left">%</td><td>&#160;</td>
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<tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="text-align: left">BioHopeKing Corporation</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">7.13</td><td style="text-align: left">%</td><td>&#160;</td>
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<tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="text-align: left">BioFirst Corporation</td><td>&#160;</td>
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<tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
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<td class="text"><table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><tr style="vertical-align: bottom"><td style="text-align: center; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&#160;</td>
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<tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid"><b>Name of related party</b></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&#160;</td>
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<tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="width: 61%; text-align: left">Rgene Corporation</td><td style="width: 1%">&#160;</td>
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</td>
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<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_abvcd_ScheduleOfExtentInvesteeReliesTableTextBlock', window );">Schedule of extent the investee relies</a></td>
<td class="text"><p style="margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"></p>

<table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse">
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
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    <td style="width: 69%; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: center; font-size: 10pt"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><b>The
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    </tr>
<tr style="background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="white-space: nowrap; vertical-align: bottom; font-size: 10pt"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Braingenesis Biotechnology Co., Ltd.</font></td>
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<tr style="background-color: White">
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<tr style="background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
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<tr style="background-color: White">
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<tr style="background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
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</td>
<td class="text"><table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-collapse: collapse">
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <td style="white-space: nowrap; width: 35%; border-bottom: black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><b>Name
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    <td style="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</font></td>
    <td style="width: 64%; border-bottom: black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><b>The
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<tr style="vertical-align: bottom; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
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</td>
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<tr class="re">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_abvcd_ScheduleOfLongTermInvestmentTableTextBlock', window );">Schedule of long-term investment</a></td>
<td class="text"><p style="margin: 0pt"></p>

<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
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<tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
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<tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
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<tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="width: 76%; text-align: left; padding-left: 0.125in">Braingenesis Biotechnology Co., Ltd.</td><td style="width: 1%">&#160;</td>
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<tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="text-align: left; padding-left: 0.125in">Genepharm Biotech Corporation</td><td>&#160;</td>
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<tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; padding-left: 0.125in">BioHopeKing Corporation</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&#160;</td>
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<tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
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<tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="text-align: left">Equity Method Investments, net</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
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<tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="text-align: left; padding-left: 0.125in">BioFirst Corporation</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">1,440,317</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">1,502,506</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; padding-left: 0.125in">Rgene Corporation</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right">-</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&#160;</td>
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<tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
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</table>
<p style="margin: 0pt"></p><span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"><table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><tr style="vertical-align: bottom"><td>&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
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<tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td>&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="2" style="text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid"><b>2017</b></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&#160;</td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
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<tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; padding-left: 0.125in">Rgene Corporation</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left">$</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right">&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;-</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&#160;</td>
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<tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
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</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_EquityMethodInvestmentsTextBlock', window );">Schedule of equity investments</a></td>
<td class="text"><p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"></p>

<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&#160;</td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&#160;</td>
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Mar&#160;31,</td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&#160;</td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td>&#160;</td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="font-weight: bold; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid">2019</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold">&#160;</td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="font-weight: bold; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid">2018</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold">&#160;</td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td>&#160;</td><td style="font-weight: bold">&#160;</td>
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<tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="width: 76%; text-align: left">Share of equity method investee losses</td><td style="width: 1%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">$</td><td style="width: 9%; text-align: right">(66,205</td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">)</td><td style="width: 1%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">$</td><td style="width: 9%; text-align: right">(38,567</td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">)</td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
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    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right">-</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right">-</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="text-align: left; padding-bottom: 4pt; padding-left: 0.125in">Total losses on equity investments</td><td style="padding-bottom: 4pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; text-align: left">$</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; text-align: right">(66,205</td><td style="padding-bottom: 4pt; text-align: left">)</td><td style="padding-bottom: 4pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; text-align: left">$</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; text-align: right">(38,567</td><td style="padding-bottom: 4pt; text-align: left">)</td></tr></table><span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_RelatedPartyTransactionAxis=abvcd_BioFirstAustraliaMember', window );">BioFirst [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_srt_ScheduleOfCondensedBalanceSheetTableTextBlock', window );">Schedule of balance sheets</a></td>
<td class="text"><p style="margin: 0pt"></p>

<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td>&#160;</td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="font-weight: bold; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid">March 31,<br /> 2019</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold">&#160;</td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="font-weight: bold; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid">December&#160;31,<br /> 2018</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold">&#160;</td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td>&#160;</td><td style="font-weight: bold">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="font-weight: bold; text-align: center">(Unaudited)</td><td style="font-weight: bold">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="width: 76%; text-align: left">Current Assets</td><td style="width: 1%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">$</td><td style="width: 9%; text-align: right">7,324,390</td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="width: 1%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">$</td><td style="width: 9%; text-align: right">7,551,898</td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="text-align: left">Noncurrent Assets</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">1,639,340</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
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<tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
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    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">1,805,325</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
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<tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="text-align: left">Noncurrent Liabilities</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">36,502</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
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<tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="text-align: left">Shareholders' Equity</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">7,121,903</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">7,512,152</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
</table>
<p style="margin: 0pt"></p><span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_srt_ScheduleOfCondensedIncomeStatementTableTextBlock', window );">Schedule of statements of operation</a></td>
<td class="text"><p style="margin: 0"></p>

<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&#160;</td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="6" style="font-weight: bold; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid">Three Months Ended<br />
 March&#160;31,</td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&#160;</td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td>&#160;</td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="font-weight: bold; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid">2019</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold">&#160;</td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="font-weight: bold; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid">2018</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold">&#160;</td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td>&#160;</td><td style="font-weight: bold">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="6" style="font-weight: bold; text-align: center">(Unaudited)</td><td style="font-weight: bold">&#160;</td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="width: 76%; text-align: left">Net sales</td><td style="width: 1%">&#160;</td>
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<tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="text-align: left">Gross profit</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">1,882</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
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<tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
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    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">(307,034</td><td style="text-align: left">)</td><td>&#160;</td>
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<tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="text-align: left">Share of losses from investments accounted for using the equity method</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">(66,205</td><td style="text-align: left">)</td><td>&#160;</td>
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</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_RelatedPartyTransactionAxis=abvcd_RgeneCorporationMember', window );">Rgene [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_srt_ScheduleOfCondensedBalanceSheetTableTextBlock', window );">Schedule of balance sheets</a></td>
<td class="text"><table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><tr style="vertical-align: bottom"><td>&#160;</td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="font-weight: bold; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid">March&#160;31,<br />
 2019</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold">&#160;</td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="font-weight: bold; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid">December&#160;31, <br />
2018</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold">&#160;</td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td>&#160;</td><td style="font-weight: bold">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="2" style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
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<tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
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<tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
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<tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="text-align: left">Noncurrent Liabilities</td><td>&#160;</td>
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<tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
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    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">(170,166</td><td style="text-align: left">)</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">(148,738</td><td style="text-align: left">)</td></tr></table><span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_srt_ScheduleOfCondensedIncomeStatementTableTextBlock', window );">Schedule of statements of operation</a></td>
<td class="text"><p style="margin: 0pt"></p>

<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td>&#160;</td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&#160;</td>
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<tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
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<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Schedule of extent the investee relies.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
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<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Schedule of long term investment.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
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<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- References</a><div><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
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<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Tabular disclosure of condensed balance sheet, including, but not limited to, balance sheets of consolidated entities and consolidation eliminations.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher SEC<br> -Name Regulation S-X (SX)<br> -Number 210<br> -Section 3<br> -Paragraph i<br> -Subsection 10<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
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<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Tabular disclosure of condensed income statement, including, but not limited to, income statements of consolidated entities and consolidation eliminations.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher SEC<br> -Name Regulation S-X (SX)<br> -Number 210<br> -Section 3<br> -Paragraph i<br> -Subsection 10<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
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<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Tabular disclosure of equity method investments including, but not limited to, name of each investee or group of investments, percentage ownership, difference between recorded amount of an investment and the value of the underlying equity in the net assets, and summarized financial information.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 323<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 3<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=114001798&amp;loc=d3e33918-111571<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
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<span style="display: none;">v3.19.2</span><table class="report" border="0" cellspacing="2" id="idp6783696848">
<tr>
<th class="tl" colspan="1" rowspan="2"><div style="width: 200px;"><strong>Accrued Expenses (Tables)<br></strong></div></th>
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<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Tabular disclosure of the (a) carrying value as of the balance sheet date of liabilities incurred (and for which invoices have typically been received) and payable to vendors for goods and services received that are used in an entity's business (accounts payable); (b) other payables; and (c) accrued liabilities. Examples include taxes, interest, rent and utilities. Used to reflect the current portion of the liabilities (due within one year or within the normal operating cycle if longer). An alternative caption includes accrued expenses.</p></div>
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<span style="display: none;">v3.19.2</span><table class="report" border="0" cellspacing="2" id="idp6798325136">
<tr>
<th class="tl" colspan="1" rowspan="2"><div style="width: 200px;"><strong>Bank Loans (Tables)<br></strong></div></th>
<th class="th" colspan="1">3 Months Ended</th>
</tr>
<tr><th class="th"><div>Mar. 31, 2019</div></th></tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_abvcd_BankLoansAbstract', window );"><strong>Bank Loans</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ScheduleOfShortTermDebtTextBlock', window );">Schedule of short-term bank loan</a></td>
<td class="text"><table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td>&#160;</td><td style="font-weight: bold">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="2" style="font-weight: bold; text-align: center">December&#160;31,</td><td style="font-weight: bold">&#160;</td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td>&#160;</td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="font-weight: bold; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid">2019</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold">&#160;</td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="font-weight: bold; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid">2018</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold">&#160;</td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="width: 76%; text-align: justify">Cathay United Bank</td><td style="width: 1%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">$</td><td style="width: 9%; text-align: right">243,000</td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="width: 1%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">$</td><td style="width: 9%; text-align: right">245,250</td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="text-align: justify">CTBC Bank</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">648,000</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">654,000</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="text-align: justify; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">Cathay Bnak</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right">1,000,000</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right">-</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="text-align: justify; padding-bottom: 4pt">Total</td><td style="padding-bottom: 4pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; text-align: left">$</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; text-align: right">1,891,000</td><td style="padding-bottom: 4pt; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 4pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; text-align: left">$</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; text-align: right">899,250</td><td style="padding-bottom: 4pt; text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
</table><span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ScheduleOfMaturitiesOfLongTermDebtTableTextBlock', window );">Schedule of long-term bank loan</a></td>
<td class="text"><p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"></font></p>

<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td style="white-space: nowrap">&#160;</td><td style="font-weight: bold; white-space: nowrap">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="2" style="font-weight: bold; text-align: center; white-space: nowrap">December&#160;31,</td><td style="font-weight: bold; white-space: nowrap">&#160;</td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td>&#160;</td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="font-weight: bold; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid">2019</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold">&#160;</td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="font-weight: bold; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid">2018</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold">&#160;</td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="width: 76%; text-align: justify">Cathay United Bank</td><td style="width: 1%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">$</td><td style="width: 9%; text-align: right">45,076</td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="width: 1%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">$</td><td style="width: 9%; text-align: right">55,092</td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="text-align: justify; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">Less: current portion of long-term bank loan</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right">(39,688</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left">)</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right">(39,835</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left">)</td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="text-align: justify; padding-bottom: 4pt">Total</td><td style="padding-bottom: 4pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; text-align: left">$</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; text-align: right">5,388</td><td style="padding-bottom: 4pt; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 4pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; text-align: left">$</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; text-align: right">15,257</td><td style="padding-bottom: 4pt; text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr></table><span></span>
</td>
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<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Tabular disclosure of the combined aggregate amount of maturities and sinking fund requirements for all long-term borrowings for each of the five years following the date of the latest balance sheet date presented.</p></div>
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<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Tabular disclosure of short-term debt arrangements (having initial terms of repayment within one year or the normal operating cycle, if longer) including: (1) description of the short-term debt arrangement; (2) identification of the lender or type of lender; (3) repayment terms; (4) weighted average interest rate; (5) carrying amount of funds borrowed under the specified short-term debt arrangement as of the balance sheet date; (6) description of the refinancing of a short-term obligation when that obligation is excluded from current liabilities in the balance sheet; and (7) amount of a short-term obligation that has been excluded from current liabilities in the balance sheet because of a refinancing of the obligation.</p></div>
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<span style="display: none;">v3.19.2</span><table class="report" border="0" cellspacing="2" id="idp6789392256">
<tr>
<th class="tl" colspan="1" rowspan="2"><div style="width: 200px;"><strong>Related Parties Transactions (Tables)<br></strong></div></th>
<th class="th" colspan="1">3 Months Ended</th>
<th class="th" colspan="1">12 Months Ended</th>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="th"><div>Mar. 31, 2019</div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Dec. 31, 2018</div></th>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_RelatedPartyTransactionsAbstract', window );"><strong>Related Party Transactions [Abstract]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
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<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ScheduleOfRelatedPartyTransactionsTableTextBlock', window );">Schedule of related party transactions</a></td>
<td class="text"><p style="margin: 0pt"></p>

<table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-collapse: collapse">
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <td style="width: 51%; border-bottom: black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><b>Name
    of entity or Individual</b></font></td>
    <td style="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</font></td>
    <td style="width: 48%; border-bottom: black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><b>Relationship
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<tr style="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">BioFirst
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    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</font></td>
    <td style="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Entity
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<tr style="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; background-color: White">
    <td style="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">BioFirst
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    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</font></td>
    <td style="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">100%
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<tr style="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Lion
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    <td style="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</font></td>
    <td style="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Controlling
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<tr style="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; background-color: White">
    <td style="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">LionGene
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    <td style="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</font></td>
    <td style="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Shareholder
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<tr style="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Rgene
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    <td style="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</font></td>
    <td style="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Shareholder
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<tr style="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; background-color: White">
    <td style="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Yuangene
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    <td style="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Controlling
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<tr style="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">AsianGene
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<tr style="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; background-color: White">
    <td style="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Keypoint
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    <td style="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">The
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    <td style="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Yoshinobu
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<tr style="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; background-color: White">
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    <td style="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Mr.
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<tr style="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Mr.
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                                         the chairman and CEO of the BioLite Inc. and the President and a member of board of directors
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        <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Mr.
        Eugene Jiang is Mr. and Ms. Jiang's son. Mr. Eugene Jiang is the chairman, and majority shareholder of the Company
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<p style="margin: 0pt"></p><span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"><table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-collapse: collapse">
<tr style="background-color: white; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
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    <td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</font></td>
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<tr style="background-color: #CCEEFF; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
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<tr style="background-color: white; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <td style="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">BioFirst
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<tr style="background-color: #CCEEFF; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
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<tr style="background-color: white; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
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<tr style="background-color: #CCEEFF; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <td style="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">LionGene
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<tr style="background-color: white; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
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<tr style="background-color: #CCEEFF; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <td style="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">AsianGene
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<tr style="background-color: white; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
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<tr style="background-color: #CCEEFF; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <td style="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Keypoint
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<tr style="background-color: white; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
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<tr style="background-color: #CCEEFF; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <td style="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Euro-Asia
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<tr style="background-color: white; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <td style="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Kimho
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<tr style="background-color: #CCEEFF; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
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</table><span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ScheduleOfAccountsNotesLoansAndFinancingReceivableTextBlock', window );">Schedule of accounts receivable related parties</a></td>
<td class="text"><p style="margin: 0pt"></p>

<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center">&#160;</td><td style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="2" style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center">December&#160;31,</td><td style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center">&#160;</td><td style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&#160;</td>
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<tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
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<tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
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</table>
<p style="margin: 0pt"></p><span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_abvcd_OtherReceivableRelatedPartiesTableTextBlock', window );">Schedule of other receivable related parties</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"><table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center">&#160;</td><td style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center">December 31,</td><td style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</td><td style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center">December&#160;31,</td><td style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center">&#160;</td><td style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&#160;</td>
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<tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
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    <td style="width: 1%; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">$</td><td style="width: 9%; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;-</td><td style="width: 1%; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 4pt; padding-left: 0.125in">Total</td><td style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 4pt">&#160;</td>
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    <td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">$</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">-</td><td style="padding-bottom: 4pt; font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
</table><span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_abvcd_ScheduleOfDueFromRelatedPartiesTableTextBlock', window );">Schedule of due from related parties</a></td>
<td class="text"><p style="margin: 0pt"></p>

<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center">&#160;</td><td style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="2" style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center">December&#160;31,</td><td style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center">&#160;</td><td style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid">2019</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</td><td style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid">2018</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
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    <td style="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">$</td><td style="width: 9%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">17,550</td><td style="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">$</td><td style="width: 9%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">19,477</td><td style="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
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<tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
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</table>
<p style="margin: 0pt"></p><span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_abvcd_ScheduleOfRelatedPartyTransactionsAmountDueToRelatedParty', window );">Schedule of amount due to related party</a></td>
<td class="text"><p style="margin: 0pt"></p>

<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center">&#160;</td><td style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center">March 31,</td><td style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</td><td style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center">December 31,</td><td style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center">&#160;</td><td style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid">2019</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</td><td style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid">2018</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
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<tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
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    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">160,000</td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">160,000</td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
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<tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
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<tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center">&#160;</td><td style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&#160;</td>
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<tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
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<tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
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    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">160,000</td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">160,000</td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
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    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">92,690</td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</td>
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<tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
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<tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
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<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Tabular of other receivable related parties.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
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<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Tabular disclosure of due from related parties.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
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<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
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<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- References</a><div><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
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<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Tabular disclosure of the various types of trade accounts and notes receivable and for each the gross carrying value, allowance, and net carrying value as of the balance sheet date. Presentation is categorized by current, noncurrent and unclassified receivables.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02.3,4)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6877327&amp;loc=d3e13212-122682<br></p></div>
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<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Tabular disclosure of related party transactions. Examples of related party transactions include, but are not limited to, transactions between (a) a parent company and its subsidiary; (b) subsidiaries of a common parent; (c) and entity and its principal owners and (d) affiliates.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
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<span style="display: none;">v3.19.2</span><table class="report" border="0" cellspacing="2" id="idp6783724688">
<tr>
<th class="tl" colspan="1" rowspan="2"><div style="width: 200px;"><strong>Loss per Share (Tables)<br></strong></div></th>
<th class="th" colspan="1">3 Months Ended</th>
<th class="th" colspan="1">12 Months Ended</th>
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<tr>
<th class="th"><div>Mar. 31, 2019</div></th>
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</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ScheduleOfEarningsPerShareBasicAndDilutedTableTextBlock', window );">Schedule of loss per share</a></td>
<td class="text"><p style="margin: 0pt"></p>

<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center">&#160;</td><td style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid">Mar
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    <td colspan="2" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid"><p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: center"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><b>Dec
                                         31,</b></font></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: center"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><b>2018</b></font></p></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Numerator:</td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="width: 76%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">Net loss attributable to common stockholders</td><td style="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">$</td><td style="width: 9%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">(791,671</td><td style="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">)</td><td style="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">$</td><td style="width: 9%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">(601,387</td><td style="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">)</td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Denominator:</td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Weighted-average shares outstanding:</td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; padding-bottom: 4pt">Weighted-average shares outstanding
    - Basic</td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 4pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">14,965,665</td><td style="padding-bottom: 4pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 4pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">11,599,911</td><td style="padding-bottom: 4pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; padding-bottom: 4pt">Stock options</td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 4pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">-</td><td style="padding-bottom: 4pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 4pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">-</td><td style="padding-bottom: 4pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; padding-bottom: 4pt">Weighted-average shares outstanding
    - Diluted</td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 4pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">14,965,665</td><td style="padding-bottom: 4pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 4pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">11,599,911</td><td style="padding-bottom: 4pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Loss per share</td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 4pt">-Basic</td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 4pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">$</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">(0.05</td><td style="padding-bottom: 4pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">)</td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 4pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">$</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">(0.05</td><td style="padding-bottom: 4pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">)</td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 4pt">-Diluted</td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 4pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">$</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">(0.05</td><td style="padding-bottom: 4pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">)</td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 4pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">$</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">(0.05</td><td style="padding-bottom: 4pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">)</td></tr>
</table>
<p style="margin: 0pt"></p><span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"><table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</td><td style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="6" style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid">Years
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<tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center">&#160;</td><td style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid">2018</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</td><td style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid">2017</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Numerator:</td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="width: 76%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">Net loss</td><td style="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">$</td><td style="width: 9%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">(4,101,303</td><td style="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">)</td><td style="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">$</td><td style="width: 9%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">(4,242,860</td><td style="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">)</td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Denominator:</td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Weighted-average shares outstanding:</td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; padding-bottom: 4pt">Weighted-average shares outstanding
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    <td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">213,884,105</td><td style="padding-bottom: 4pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 4pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">213,321,921</td><td style="padding-bottom: 4pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
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    <td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">-</td><td style="padding-bottom: 4pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 4pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">-</td><td style="padding-bottom: 4pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; padding-bottom: 4pt">Weighted-average shares outstanding
    - Diluted</td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 4pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">213,884,105</td><td style="padding-bottom: 4pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 4pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">213,321,921</td><td style="padding-bottom: 4pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Loss per share</td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
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    <td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">$</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">(0.02</td><td style="padding-bottom: 4pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">)</td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 4pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">$</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">(0.02</td><td style="padding-bottom: 4pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">)</td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
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    <td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">$</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">(0.02</td><td style="padding-bottom: 4pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">)</td></tr>
</table><span></span>
</td>
</tr>
</table>
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<span style="display: none;">v3.19.2</span><table class="report" border="0" cellspacing="2" id="idp6669893488">
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<th class="tl" colspan="1" rowspan="2"><div style="width: 200px;"><strong>Income Tax (Tables)<br></strong></div></th>
<th class="th" colspan="1">12 Months Ended</th>
</tr>
<tr><th class="th"><div>Dec. 31, 2018</div></th></tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_IncomeTaxDisclosureAbstract', window );"><strong>Income Tax Disclosure [Abstract]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
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</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ScheduleOfComponentsOfIncomeTaxExpenseBenefitTableTextBlock', window );">Summary of income tax (benefits)</a></td>
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    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; padding-bottom: 4pt; padding-left: 0.375in">Total deferred tax account
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<tr class="ro">
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<tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
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<tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
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<tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
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<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
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<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Tabular disclosure of the components of income tax expense attributable to continuing operations for each year presented including, but not limited to: current tax expense (benefit), deferred tax expense (benefit), investment tax credits, government grants, the benefits of operating loss carryforwards, tax expense that results from allocating certain tax benefits either directly to contributed capital or to reduce goodwill or other noncurrent intangible assets of an acquired entity, adjustments of a deferred tax liability or asset for enacted changes in tax laws or rates or a change in the tax status of the entity, and adjustments of the beginning-of-the-year balances of a valuation allowance because of a change in circumstances that causes a change in judgment about the realizability of the related deferred tax asset in future years.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 740<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 9<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=84230637&amp;loc=d3e32639-109319<br></p></div>
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<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Tabular disclosure of the components of net deferred tax asset or liability recognized in an entity's statement of financial position, including the following: the total of all deferred tax liabilities, the total of all deferred tax assets, the total valuation allowance recognized for deferred tax assets.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 740<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=84230637&amp;loc=d3e32537-109319<br></p></div>
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<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Tabular disclosure of the reconciliation using percentage or dollar amounts of the reported amount of income tax expense attributable to continuing operations for the year to the amount of income tax expense that would result from applying domestic federal statutory tax rates to pretax income from continuing operations.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 740<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 12<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=84230637&amp;loc=d3e32687-109319<br></p></div>
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<span style="display: none;">v3.19.2</span><table class="report" border="0" cellspacing="2" id="idp6789183648">
<tr>
<th class="tl" colspan="1" rowspan="2"><div style="width: 200px;"><strong>Lease (Tables)<br></strong></div></th>
<th class="th" colspan="1">3 Months Ended</th>
</tr>
<tr><th class="th"><div>Mar. 31, 2019</div></th></tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_LeasesAbstract', window );"><strong>Leases [Abstract]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_abvcd_ScheduleOfOperatingLeaseArrangementsTableTextBlock', window );">Schedule of operating lease arrangements</a></td>
<td class="text"><p style="margin: 0pt"></p>

<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</td><td style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid">Mar
    31,<br /> 2019</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">ASSETS</td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center">&#160;</td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="width: 88%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; padding-left: 9pt">Operating lease right-of-use
    assets</td><td style="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">$</td><td style="width: 9%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">505,305</td><td style="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">LIABILITIES</td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">Operating lease liabilities (current)</td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">286,212</td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">Operating lease liabilities (noncurrent)</td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">239,647</td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
</table>
<p style="margin: 0pt"></p><span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_abvcd_ScheduleOfSupplementalInformationRelatedToOperatingLeasesTableTextBlock', window );">Schedule of supplemental information related to operating leases</a></td>
<td class="text"><p style="margin: 0pt"></p>

<table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-collapse: collapse">
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <td style="width: 89%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Cash
    paid for amounts included in the measurement of operating lease liabilities</font></td>
    <td style="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</font></td>
    <td style="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$</font></td>
    <td style="width: 8%; text-align: right; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">73,802</font></td>
    <td style="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</font></td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: white; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Weighted
    average remaining lease term</font></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</font></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</font></td>
    <td style="text-align: right; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">1.86
    years</font></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</font></td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Weighted
    average discount rate</font></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</font></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</font></td>
    <td style="text-align: right; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">0.55</font></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">%</font></td></tr>
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<p style="margin: 0pt"></p><span></span>
</td>
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<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_srt_ContractualObligationFiscalYearMaturityScheduleTableTextBlock', window );">Schedule of minimum future annual payments under non-cancellable leases</a></td>
<td class="text"><p style="margin: 0pt"></p>

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<tr style="vertical-align: bottom; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <td style="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</font></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</font></td>
    <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><b>Operating
    leases</b></font></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</font></td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <td style="width: 89%; text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><b>2019
    (excluding the three months ended March 31, 2019)</b></font></td>
    <td style="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</font></td>
    <td style="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$</font></td>
    <td style="width: 8%; text-align: right; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">228,117</font></td>
    <td style="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</font></td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: white; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <td style="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><b>2020</b></font></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</font></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</font></td>
    <td style="text-align: right; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">258,642</font></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</font></td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <td style="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><b>2021</b></font></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</font></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</font></td>
    <td style="text-align: right; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">41,240</font></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</font></td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: white; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <td style="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><b>Total
    future minimum lease payments, undiscounted</b></font></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</font></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</font></td>
    <td style="text-align: right; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">527,999</font></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</font></td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <td style="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><b>Less:
    Imputed interest</b></font></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</font></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</font></td>
    <td style="text-align: right; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">(2,140</font></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">)</font></td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: white; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <td style="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><b>Present
    value of future minimum lease payments</b></font></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</font></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$</font></td>
    <td style="text-align: right; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">525,859</font></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</font></td></tr>
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<p style="margin: 0pt"></p><span></span>
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<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Schedule of operating lease arrangements.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
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<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Schedule of supplemental information related to operating leases.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
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<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Tabular disclosure of contractual obligation by timing of payment due. Includes, but is not limited to, long-term debt obligation, lease obligation, and purchase obligation.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/commonPracticeRef<br> -Publisher SEC<br> -Name Regulation S-K (SK)<br> -Number 229<br> -Section 303<br> -Paragraph (a)<br> -Subparagraph (5)<br></p></div>
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<span style="display: none;">v3.19.2</span><table class="report" border="0" cellspacing="2" id="idp6789538736">
<tr>
<th class="tl" colspan="1" rowspan="2"><div style="width: 200px;"><strong>Pro Forma Financial Statements (Tables)<br></strong></div></th>
<th class="th" colspan="1">12 Months Ended</th>
</tr>
<tr><th class="th"><div>Dec. 31, 2018</div></th></tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_BusinessCombinationsAbstract', window );"><strong>Business Combinations [Abstract]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_abvcd_ScheduleOfCondensedBalanceSheetsTableTextBlock', window );">Schedule of unaudited pro forma condensed consolidated combined balance sheet</a></td>
<td class="text"><p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: center; background-color: white"></p>

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<tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
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<tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
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<tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
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    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</td>
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<tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
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    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">-</td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</td>
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<tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
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<tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; padding-bottom: 4pt; padding-left: 10pt; text-indent: -10pt">Total
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    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; padding-bottom: 4pt">&#160;</td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 4pt">&#160;</td>
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<tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
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    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center">&#160;</td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
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    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</td>
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<tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
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<tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
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<tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
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<tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
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    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">687,709</td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">-</td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</td>
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<tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
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    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">-</td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</td>
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    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">(58,684</td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">)</td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center">{f}</td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">7,745,096</td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; padding-left: 0.25in; text-indent: -10pt">Convertible
    notes payable, current portion</td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">300,000</td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">-</td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">-</td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center">&#160;</td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">300,000</td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; padding-left: 0.25in; text-indent: -10pt">Convertible
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    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">250,000</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">-</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&#160;</td>
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<tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; padding-left: 0.375in; text-indent: -10pt">Total
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    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&#160;</td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&#160;</td>
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<tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; padding-left: 10pt; text-indent: -10pt">Long-term
    bank loan</td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">-</td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">-</td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">15,257</td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">-</td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center">&#160;</td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">15,257</td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; padding-left: 10pt; text-indent: -10pt">Tenant security
    deposit</td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">-</td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">2,880</td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">-</td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">-</td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center">&#160;</td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">2,880</td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; padding-left: 10pt; text-indent: -10pt">Convertible
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    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">-</td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">-</td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">-</td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">-</td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center">&#160;</td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">-</td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
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    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">250,000</td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">-</td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">-</td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">-</td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</td>
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<tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
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<tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
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    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">-</td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
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<tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
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    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</td>
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    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center">{a}</td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
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    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</td>
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    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-left: 10pt; text-indent: -10pt">&#160;</td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</td>
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    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</td>
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    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
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    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</td>
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<tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
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<tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
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<tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
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<tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
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<tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
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<tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
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    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</td>
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    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
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    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</td>
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    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
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    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</td>
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    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
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    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center">{g,h}</td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</td>
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<tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
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    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">-</td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">-</td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">-</td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</td>
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    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center">{g}</td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</td>
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<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: center; background-color: white"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</font></p><span></span>
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</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_abvcd_ScheduleOfCondensedIncomeStatementsTableTextBlock', window );">Schedule of unaudited pro forma condensed consolidated statements of operations</a></td>
<td class="text"><p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center; background-color: white"><b>&#160;</b></p>

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<tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
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<tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
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    <td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&#160;</td>
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<tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
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    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
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    <td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&#160;</td>
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<tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
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    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
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    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
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    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
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<tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
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    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">(155,930</td><td style="text-align: left">)</td><td>&#160;</td>
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    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">(306,821</td><td style="text-align: left">)</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">(462,751</td><td style="text-align: left">)</td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
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    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
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<tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
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    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">(63,663</td><td style="text-align: left">)</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">(63,663</td><td style="text-align: left">)</td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
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    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">(395,476</td><td style="text-align: left">)</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">(396,025</td><td style="text-align: left">)</td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
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    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">-</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">7,307</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">7,307</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
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    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">-</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">(192,463</td><td style="text-align: left">)</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">(2,741,914</td><td style="text-align: left">)</td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
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    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right">630</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right">(5,154</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left">)</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right">(4,524</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left">)</td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
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    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right">(2,705,837</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left">)</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right">5,228</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&#160;</td>
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    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right">(3,639,836</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left">)</td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td>&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
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    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">(589,623</td><td style="text-align: left">)</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">(2,330,174</td><td style="text-align: left">)</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">(7,019,250</td><td style="text-align: left">)</td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td>&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
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    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right">1,850</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&#160;</td>
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    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right">(364,297</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left">)</td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td>&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
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    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
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<tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
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<tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
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<tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
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    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
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<tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
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<tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
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    <td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&#160;</td>
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<tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
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    <td style="padding-bottom: 4pt; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 4pt; text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 4pt; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 4pt">&#160;</td>
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<tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
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    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
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    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="text-align: left; padding-bottom: 4pt; padding-left: 9pt">Basic and diluted</td><td style="padding-bottom: 4pt">&#160;</td>
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    <td style="padding-bottom: 4pt; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 4pt; text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 4pt; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 4pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="padding-bottom: 4pt; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 4pt; text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 4pt; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 4pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="padding-bottom: 4pt; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 4pt; text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 4pt; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 4pt">&#160;</td>
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<tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td>Weighted average number of common shares outstanding</td><td>&#160;</td>
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    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="text-align: left; padding-bottom: 4pt; padding-left: 9pt">Basic and diluted</td><td style="padding-bottom: 4pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; text-align: right">213,884,105</td><td style="padding-bottom: 4pt; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 4pt">&#160;</td>
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    <td style="padding-bottom: 4pt; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 4pt; text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 4pt; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 4pt">&#160;</td>
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</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_abvcd_ScheduleOfReconciliationOfCommonStockToBeIssuedTableTextBlock', window );">Schedule of reconciliation of ABVC common stock to be issued to BioLite shareholders</a></td>
<td class="text"><table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="width: 88%; text-align: justify; text-indent: -9pt; padding-left: 9pt">BioLite Outstanding shares as of December 31, 2018</td><td style="width: 1%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="width: 9%; text-align: right">41,207,444</td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="text-align: left; text-indent: -9pt; padding-left: 9pt">Exchange of each BioLite share of common stock outstanding as of December 31, 2018, for 1.82 shares of ABVC common stock</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">1.82</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="text-align: justify; text-indent: -9pt; padding-left: 9pt">ABVC common stock to be issued to BioLite as a result of the Merger</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">74,997,548</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="text-align: justify; text-indent: -9pt; padding-left: 9pt">Par value $0.001 per share of ABVC</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">$</td><td style="text-align: right">74,998</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
</table><span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_abvcd_ScheduleOfCommonStockToBeIssuedToShareholdersInExchangeOfCommonStockOutstandingTableTextBlock', window );">Schedule of ABVC common stock to be issued to BioKey shareholders in exchange of BioKey's common stock outstanding</a></td>
<td class="text"><table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="width: 88%; text-align: justify; text-indent: -9pt; padding-left: 9pt">BioKey Outstanding shares as of December 31, 2018</td><td style="width: 1%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="width: 9%; text-align: right">7,428,134</td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="text-align: left">Exchange of each BioKey share of common stock outstanding as of December 31, 2018, for one share of ABVC common stock</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">1</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="text-align: justify; text-indent: -9pt; padding-left: 9pt">ABVC common stock to be issued to BioKey as a result of the Merger</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">7,428,134</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="text-align: justify; text-indent: -9pt; padding-left: 9pt">Par value $0.001 per share of ABVC</td><td>&#160;</td>
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</table><span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_abvcd_ScheduleOfCommonStockToBeIssuedToShareholdersInExchangeOfPreferredStockOutstanding', window );">Schedule of ABVC common stock to be issued to BioKey shareholders in exchange of BioKey's preferred stock outstanding</a></td>
<td class="text"><p style="margin: 0pt"></p>

<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td style="text-align: justify">BioKey Outstanding shares as of December 31, 2018</td><td>&#160;</td>
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<tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="width: 88%; text-align: justify; padding-left: 9pt">7,000,000 shares of Series A</td><td style="width: 1%">&#160;</td>
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<tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="text-align: justify; padding-left: 9pt">1,160,000 shares of Series B</td><td>&#160;</td>
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<tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="text-align: justify; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; padding-left: 9pt">13,973,097 shares of Series C</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&#160;</td>
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<tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="text-align: justify">BioKey&#8217;s total shares of preferred stock outstanding as of December 31, 2018</td><td>&#160;</td>
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<tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="text-align: left; text-indent: -9pt; padding-left: 9pt">Exchange of each BioKey share of preferred stock outstanding as of December 31, 2018, for one share of ABVC common stock</td><td>&#160;</td>
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<tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="text-align: justify">ABVC common stock to be issued to BioKey as a result of the Merger</td><td>&#160;</td>
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<tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="text-align: justify">Par value $0.001 per share of ABVC</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">$</td><td style="text-align: right">22,133</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
</table>
<p style="margin: 0pt"></p><span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ScheduleOfCommonStockOutstandingRollForwardTableTextBlock', window );">Schedule of Common stock outstanding</a></td>
<td class="text"><table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"><td style="width: 88%; text-align: justify">ABVC common stock issued as of December 31, 2018</td><td style="width: 1%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="width: 9%; text-align: right">213,926,475</td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="text-align: justify">ABVC common stock held by BioLite pursuant to the BioLite Collaborative Agreement (see Note {g})</td><td>&#160;</td>
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<tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
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<tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
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<tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
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<tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
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<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.25in; background-color: white">&#160;</p>

<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0; width: 100%"><tr style="vertical-align: top; text-align: justify">
<td style="width: 0"></td><td style="width: 0.25in; text-align: left"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">{g}</font></td><td style="text-align: justify"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><b><u>Collaborative
agreement with BioLite Inc., a related party</u></b></font></td>
</tr></table>
<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.25in; text-align: justify">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.25in; text-align: justify">On December 29, 2015, American
BriVision Corporation (&#8220;BriVision&#8221;) entered into a collaborative agreement (the &#8220;BioLite Collaborative Agreement&#8221;)
with BioLite, a related party, pursuant to which BioLite granted BriVision sole licensing rights for drug and therapeutic use of
five products, including BLI-1005 CNS-Major Depressive Disorder, BLI-1008 CNS-Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder, BLI-1401-1
Anti-Tumor Combination Therapy-Solid Tumor with Anti-PD-1, BLI-1401-2 Anti-Tumor Combination Therapy-Triple Negative Breast Cancer,
and BLI-1501 Hematology-Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia, in the U.S.A and Canada. Under the BioLite Collaborative Agreement, BriVision
should pay a total of $100,000,000 in cash or stock of BriVision with equivalent value, according to the following schedule:</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.25in; text-align: justify">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.25in; text-align: justify"></p>

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<td style="width: 0"></td><td style="width: 0.25in; text-align: left"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">{h}</font></td><td style="text-align: justify"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">On
August 26, 2016, ABVC issued 1,468,750 shares of common stock, par value $0.001 to BioLite pursuant to a certain Stock Purchase
Agreement dated August 26, 2016. The purchase price per share of the Offering is $1.60. The net proceeds to the Company from the
Offering are approximately $2,350,000.&#160;&#160;The unaudited pro forma adjustments were made as if the Merger occurred on December
31, 2018. As such, these common stock shares of ABVC held by BioLite shall be treated be treated as outstanding shares, and shall
be reflected as treasury shares. The corresponding long-term investment of BioLite has been written off in full amount, included
in the accumulated deficit as of December 31, 2018. Such amount has been eliminated in the pro forma condensed balance sheet.</font></td></tr></table><span></span>
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    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
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<tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
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<tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
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<tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
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    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">83,026</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
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<tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; padding-left: 0.25in">Total liabilities assumed</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&#160;</td>
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<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#160;</p>

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shares of ABVC common stock to be issued to BioKey in connection with the Merger. Those shares were valued at $1.50 per share,
the closing share price of ABVC on February 5, 2019.</font></td></tr></table><span></span>
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<span style="display: none;">v3.19.2</span><table class="report" border="0" cellspacing="2" id="idp6616200512">
<tr>
<th class="tl" colspan="1" rowspan="2"><div style="width: 200px;"><strong>Business Combination (Tables)<br></strong></div></th>
<th class="th" colspan="1">3 Months Ended</th>
</tr>
<tr><th class="th"><div>Mar. 31, 2019</div></th></tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_BusinessCombinationsAbstract', window );"><strong>Business Combinations [Abstract]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_abvcd_ScheduleOfRecognizedIdentifiedAssetAcquiredAndLiabilitiesAssumedTableTextBlock', window );">Schedule of the fair value of the consideration given and assets and liabilities acquired</a></td>
<td class="text"><table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><tr style="vertical-align: bottom"><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Purchase consideration:</td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="width: 88%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">Common Stock (*)</td><td style="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">$</td><td style="width: 9%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">44,341,847</td><td style="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Allocation of the purchase price:</td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">Cash and cash equivalents</td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">$</td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">531,147</td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">Accounts receivable, net</td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">188,550</td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">Property and equipment, net</td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">56,075</td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">Operating lease right-of-use assets</td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">485,684</td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">Security deposits</td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">10,440</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">Total assets acquired</td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">1,271,896</td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">Accounts payable</td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">(56,204</td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">)</td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">Accrued expenses and other current liabilities</td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">(251,335</td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">)</td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">Operating lease liability</td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">(267,256</td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">)</td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">Tenant security deposit</td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">(2,880</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">)</td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">Total liabilities assumed</td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">(577,675</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">)</td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">Total net assets acquired</td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">694,221</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; padding-bottom: 4pt">Goodwill as a result of the
    Merger</td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 4pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">$</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 4pt double; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">43,647,626</td><td style="padding-bottom: 4pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
</table>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</font></p>

<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0; width: 100%"><tr style="vertical-align: top; text-align: justify">
<td style="width: 0"></td><td style="width: 0.25in; text-align: left"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">*</font></td><td style="text-align: justify"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">29,561,231
shares of ABVC common stock issued to BioKey in connection with the Merger. Those shares were valued at $1.50 per share, based
on the bid-and-ask share price of ABVC Common Stock on the final day of trading, February 8, 2019.</font></td></tr></table><span></span>
</td>
</tr>
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<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Tabular disclosure of the amounts recognized as of the acquisition date for each major class of assets acquired and liabilities assumed. May include but not limited to the following: (a) acquired receivables; (b) contingencies recognized at the acquisition date; and (c) the fair value of noncontrolling interests in the acquiree.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
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<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
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<span style="display: none;">v3.19.2</span><table class="report" border="0" cellspacing="2" id="idp6796535136">
<tr>
<th class="tl" colspan="1" rowspan="1"><div style="width: 200px;"><strong>Organization and Description of Business (Details) - shares<br></strong></div></th>
<th class="th"><div>May 03, 2019</div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Mar. 12, 2019</div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Mar. 21, 2016</div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Mar. 21, 2016</div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Feb. 08, 2016</div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Aug. 31, 2017</div></th>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_abvcd_OrganizationAndDescriptionOfBusinessTextualAbstract', window );"><strong>Organization and Description of Business (Textual)</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_EquityMethodInvestmentOwnershipPercentage', window );">Percentage of common shares issued and outstanding</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">73.00%<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_StockholdersEquityReverseStockSplit', window );">Description of reverse stock split</a></td>
<td class="text">The Company filed a certificate of amendment to the Company's articles of incorporation (the "Amendment") to effect the Reverse Split with the Secretary of State of Nevada. The Financial Industry Regulatory Authority ("FINRA") informed the Company that the Reverse Split was effective on May 8, 2019. All shares and related financial information in this Form 10-Q reflect this 1-for-18 reverse stock split.<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">i) effect a stock reverse split at the ratio of 1-for-18 (the "Reverse Split") of both the authorized common stock of the Company (the "Common Stock") and the issued and outstanding Common Stock and ii) to amend the articles of incorporation of the Company to reflect the Reverse Split. The Board approved and authorized the Reverse Split without obtaining approval of the Company's shareholders pursuant to Section 78.207 of Nevada Revised Statutes.<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">1 to 3.141<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">1 to 3.141<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_TypeOfArrangementAxis=abvcd_ShareExchangeAgreementOneMember', window );">Share Exchange Agreement One [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_abvcd_OrganizationAndDescriptionOfBusinessTextualAbstract', window );"><strong>Organization and Description of Business (Textual)</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_abvcd_CommonStockIssuedAfterStockSplit', window );">Common stock issued post-stock split</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">166,273,921<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_abvcd_CommonStockIssuedBeforeStockSplit', window );">Common stock issued pre-stock split</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">52,936,583<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_TypeOfArrangementAxis=abvcd_ShareExchangeAgreementTwoMember', window );">Share Exchange Agreement Two [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_abvcd_OrganizationAndDescriptionOfBusinessTextualAbstract', window );"><strong>Organization and Description of Business (Textual)</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_abvcd_CommonStockIssuedAfterStockSplit', window );">Common stock issued post-stock split</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">163,159,952<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_abvcd_CommonStockIssuedBeforeStockSplit', window );">Common stock issued pre-stock split</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">51,945,225<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_EquityMethodInvestmentOwnershipPercentage', window );">Percentage of common shares issued and outstanding</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">79.70%<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_abvcd_PercentageOfIssuedShareCapital', window );">Percentage of issued share capital</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">100.00%<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_TypeOfArrangementAxis=abvcd_ShareExchangeAgreementThreeMember', window );">Share Exchange Agreement Three [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_abvcd_OrganizationAndDescriptionOfBusinessTextualAbstract', window );"><strong>Organization and Description of Business (Textual)</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_abvcd_CommonStockIssuedAfterStockSplit', window );">Common stock issued post-stock split</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">166,273,921<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_abvcd_CommonStockIssuedBeforeStockSplit', window );">Common stock issued pre-stock split</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">52,936,583<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ConversionOfStockDescription', window );">Common stock converted to exchange ratio</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">0.2536-for-1<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_TypeOfArrangementAxis=abvcd_ShareExchangeAgreementMember', window );">Share Exchange Agreement [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_abvcd_OrganizationAndDescriptionOfBusinessTextualAbstract', window );"><strong>Organization and Description of Business (Textual)</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_abvcd_CommonStockIssuedAfterStockSplit', window );">Common stock issued post-stock split</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">164,387,376<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_abvcd_CommonStockIssuedBeforeStockSplit', window );">Common stock issued pre-stock split</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">52,336,000<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_StockholdersEquityReverseStockSplit', window );">Description of reverse stock split</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">ABVC issued an aggregate of 104,558,777 shares (prior to the reverse stock split in 2019) to the shareholders of both BioLite and BioKey under a registration statement on Form S-4 (file number 333-226285), which became effective by operation of law on or about February 5, 2019.<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_TypeOfArrangementAxis=abvcd_ShareExchangeAgreementFourMember', window );">Share Exchange Agreement Four [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_abvcd_OrganizationAndDescriptionOfBusinessTextualAbstract', window );"><strong>Organization and Description of Business (Textual)</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_abvcd_CommonStockIssuedAfterStockSplit', window );">Common stock issued post-stock split</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">205,519,223<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_abvcd_CommonStockIssuedBeforeStockSplit', window );">Common stock issued pre-stock split</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">65,431,144<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_EquityMethodInvestmentOwnershipPercentage', window );">Percentage of common shares issued and outstanding</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">79.70%<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
</table>
<div style="display: none;">
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<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Common stock issued after stock split.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
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<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Common stock issued before stock split.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
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<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Organization and description of business textual.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
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<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Percentage of issued share capital.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
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<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_ConversionOfStockDescription">
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<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>A unique description of a noncash or part noncash stock conversion. The description would be expected to include sufficient information to provide an understanding of the nature and purpose of the conversion. Noncash is defined as transactions during a period that do not result in cash receipts or cash payments in the period. "Part noncash" refers to that portion of the transaction not resulting in cash receipts or cash payments in the period.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 230<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 5<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=98513485&amp;loc=d3e4332-108586<br><br>Reference 2: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 230<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 4<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=98513485&amp;loc=d3e4313-108586<br><br>Reference 3: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 230<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 3<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=98513485&amp;loc=d3e4304-108586<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
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<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The percentage of ownership of common stock or equity participation in the investee accounted for under the equity method of accounting.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 323<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 3<br> -Subparagraph (a)(1)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=114001798&amp;loc=d3e33918-111571<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
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<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Description of the reverse stock split arrangement. Also provide the retroactive effect given by the reverse split that occurs after the balance sheet date but before the release of financial statements.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 505<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 4<br> -Subparagraph (SAB Topic 4.C)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=27012166&amp;loc=d3e187143-122770<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
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<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
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<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
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<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Details</a><div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_TypeOfArrangementAxis=abvcd_ShareExchangeAgreementThreeMember</td>
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<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td></td>
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<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
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<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_TypeOfArrangementAxis=abvcd_ShareExchangeAgreementMember">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Details</a><div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_TypeOfArrangementAxis=abvcd_ShareExchangeAgreementMember</td>
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<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td></td>
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<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
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<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
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<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
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<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Details</a><div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_TypeOfArrangementAxis=abvcd_ShareExchangeAgreementFourMember</td>
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<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
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<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
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<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
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<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
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<DOCUMENT>
<TYPE>XML
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<html>
<head>
<title></title>
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<span style="display: none;">v3.19.2</span><table class="report" border="0" cellspacing="2" id="idp6786945600">
<tr>
<th class="tl" colspan="1" rowspan="2"><div style="width: 200px;"><strong>Summary of Significant Accounting Policies (Details)<br></strong></div></th>
<th class="th" colspan="1">3 Months Ended</th>
</tr>
<tr><th class="th"><div>Mar. 31, 2019</div></th></tr>
<tr class="rh">
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<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
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<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_PropertyPlantAndEquipmentEstimatedUsefulLives', window );">Estimated Life</a></td>
<td class="text">P5Y<span></span>
</td>
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<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_PropertyPlantAndEquipmentByTypeAxis=abvcd_BuildingsAndLeaseholdImprovementsMember', window );">Buildings and leasehold improvements [Member] | Maximum [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_PropertyPlantAndEquipmentEstimatedUsefulLives', window );">Estimated Life</a></td>
<td class="text">P50Y<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_PropertyPlantAndEquipmentByTypeAxis=us-gaap_MachineryAndEquipmentMember', window );">Machinery and equipment [Member] | Minimum [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
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<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_PropertyPlantAndEquipmentEstimatedUsefulLives', window );">Estimated Life</a></td>
<td class="text">P5Y<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_PropertyPlantAndEquipmentByTypeAxis=us-gaap_MachineryAndEquipmentMember', window );">Machinery and equipment [Member] | Maximum [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_PropertyPlantAndEquipmentEstimatedUsefulLives', window );">Estimated Life</a></td>
<td class="text">P10Y<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_PropertyPlantAndEquipmentByTypeAxis=us-gaap_OfficeEquipmentMember', window );">Office equipment [Member] | Minimum [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_PropertyPlantAndEquipmentEstimatedUsefulLives', window );">Estimated Life</a></td>
<td class="text">P3Y<span></span>
</td>
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<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_PropertyPlantAndEquipmentByTypeAxis=us-gaap_OfficeEquipmentMember', window );">Office equipment [Member] | Maximum [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_PropertyPlantAndEquipmentEstimatedUsefulLives', window );">Estimated Life</a></td>
<td class="text">P6Y<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
</table>
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<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Describes the periods of time over which an entity anticipates to receive utility from its property, plant and equipment (that is, the periods of time over which an entity allocates the initial cost of its property, plant and equipment).</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 360<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 35<br> -Paragraph 4<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=68071081&amp;loc=d3e1205-110223<br><br>Reference 2: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 235<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 3<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=84158767&amp;loc=d3e18780-107790<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
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<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_PropertyPlantAndEquipmentEstimatedUsefulLives</td>
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<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Details</a><div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
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<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Details</a><div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
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<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
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<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Details</a><div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
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<DOCUMENT>
<TYPE>XML
<SEQUENCE>56
<FILENAME>R42.htm
<DESCRIPTION>IDEA: XBRL DOCUMENT
<TEXT>
<html>
<head>
<title></title>
<link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="report.css">
<script type="text/javascript" src="Show.js">/* Do Not Remove This Comment */</script><script type="text/javascript">
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<span style="display: none;">v3.19.2</span><table class="report" border="0" cellspacing="2" id="idp6805101376">
<tr>
<th class="tl" colspan="1" rowspan="2"><div style="width: 200px;"><strong>Summary of Significant Accounting Policies (Details Textual) - USD ($)<br></strong></div></th>
<th class="th" colspan="1"></th>
<th class="th" colspan="1"></th>
<th class="th" colspan="2"></th>
<th class="th" colspan="2">3 Months Ended</th>
<th class="th" colspan="2">12 Months Ended</th>
<th class="th" colspan="1"></th>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="th"><div>May 03, 2019</div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Mar. 12, 2019</div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Mar. 21, 2016</div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Mar. 21, 2016</div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Mar. 31, 2019</div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Mar. 31, 2018</div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Dec. 31, 2018</div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Dec. 31, 2017</div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Dec. 31, 2016</div></th>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_abvcd_SummaryOfSignificantAccountingPoliciesTextualAbstract', window );"><strong>Summary of Significant Accounting Policies (Textual)</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_StockholdersEquityReverseStockSplit', window );">Forward split ratio</a></td>
<td class="text">The Company filed a certificate of amendment to the Company's articles of incorporation (the "Amendment") to effect the Reverse Split with the Secretary of State of Nevada. The Financial Industry Regulatory Authority ("FINRA") informed the Company that the Reverse Split was effective on May 8, 2019. All shares and related financial information in this Form 10-Q reflect this 1-for-18 reverse stock split.<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">i) effect a stock reverse split at the ratio of 1-for-18 (the "Reverse Split") of both the authorized common stock of the Company (the "Common Stock") and the issued and outstanding Common Stock and ii) to amend the articles of incorporation of the Company to reflect the Reverse Split. The Board approved and authorized the Reverse Split without obtaining approval of the Company's shareholders pursuant to Section 78.207 of Nevada Revised Statutes.<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">1 to 3.141<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">1 to 3.141<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_CommonStockParOrStatedValuePerShare', window );">Common stock, par value</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 0.001<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 0.001<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 0.001<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_CommonStockSharesAuthorized', window );">Common stock, authorized</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">20,000,000<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">20,000,000<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">360,000,000<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_CashAndCashEquivalentsAtCarryingValue', window );">Cash and cash equivalents</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 981,341<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 174,444<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 226,688<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 93,332<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 18,645<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_RestrictedCashAndCashEquivalents', window );">Restricted cash equivalents</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">16,093<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">16,093<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_abvcd_MarketableSecuritiesRealizedGainLossOtherThanTemporaryImpairmentsAmounts', window );">Impairments of equity investments</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">0<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">0<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_EmployeeBenefitsAndShareBasedCompensation', window );">Employee stock-based compensation expenses</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 0<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">0<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">0<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">0<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_DescriptionOfPostemploymentBenefits', window );">Post-retirement and post-employment benefits, Description</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">Such labor regulations require that the rate of contribution made by an employer to the Labor Pension Fund per month shall not be less than 6% of the worker's monthly salaries. Pursuant to the Act, the Company makes monthly contribution equal to 6% of employees' salaries to the employees' pension fund. The Company has no legal obligation for the benefits beyond the contributions made. The total amounts for such employee benefits, which were expensed as incurred, were $4,424 and $5,586 for the three months ended March 31, 2019 and 2018, respectively.<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_abvcd_StockBasedCompensationForNonemployees', window );">Non-employee stock-based compensation expenses</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 8,550<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">5,626<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">28,800<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">155,400<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_IncomeTaxExpenseBenefit', window );">Income tax expense</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(57,545)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(94,282)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 1,850<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">830<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_EffectiveIncomeTaxRateReconciliationTaxSettlements', window );">Income taxes ultimate settlement, percentage</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">50.00%<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_EquitySecuritiesFvNiRealizedGainLoss', window );">Loss on investment in equity securities</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">$ (66,205)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">$ (38,567)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">$ (2,549,451)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
</table>
<div style="display: none;">
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_abvcd_MarketableSecuritiesRealizedGainLossOtherThanTemporaryImpairmentsAmounts">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>This element represents the amount of loss recognized for other than temporary impairments (OTTI) of investments in debt and equity securities.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">abvcd_MarketableSecuritiesRealizedGainLossOtherThanTemporaryImpairmentsAmounts</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>abvcd_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_abvcd_StockBasedCompensationForNonemployees">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Stock based compensation for nonemployees.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">abvcd_StockBasedCompensationForNonemployees</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>abvcd_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_abvcd_SummaryOfSignificantAccountingPoliciesTextualAbstract">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Summary of significant accounting policies textual.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">abvcd_SummaryOfSignificantAccountingPoliciesTextualAbstract</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>abvcd_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:stringItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_CashAndCashEquivalentsAtCarryingValue">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of currency on hand as well as demand deposits with banks or financial institutions. Includes other kinds of accounts that have the general characteristics of demand deposits. Also includes short-term, highly liquid investments that are both readily convertible to known amounts of cash and so near their maturity that they present insignificant risk of changes in value because of changes in interest rates. Excludes cash and cash equivalents within disposal group and discontinued operation.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 230<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 4<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=118932676&amp;loc=d3e3044-108585<br><br>Reference 2: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (a)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=118951113&amp;loc=d3e6676-107765<br><br>Reference 3: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02.1)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6877327&amp;loc=d3e13212-122682<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_CashAndCashEquivalentsAtCarryingValue</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_CommonStockParOrStatedValuePerShare">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Face amount or stated value per share of common stock.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02(29))<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6877327&amp;loc=d3e13212-122682<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_CommonStockParOrStatedValuePerShare</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>num:perShareItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_CommonStockSharesAuthorized">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The maximum number of common shares permitted to be issued by an entity's charter and bylaws.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02(29))<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6877327&amp;loc=d3e13212-122682<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_CommonStockSharesAuthorized</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:sharesItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_DescriptionOfPostemploymentBenefits">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Description of benefits provided to former or inactive employees, their beneficiaries, and covered dependents after employment but before retirement, except for: a) benefits provided through a pension or postretirement benefit plan, b) individual deferred compensation arrangements, c) termination benefits pertaining to exit or disposal activities, and d) stock compensation plans. Benefits may be provided in cash or in kind and may be paid as a result of disability, layoff, death, or other event.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 712<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 15<br> -Paragraph 3<br> -Subparagraph (b)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6410066&amp;loc=d3e79194-111664<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_DescriptionOfPostemploymentBenefits</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:stringItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_EffectiveIncomeTaxRateReconciliationTaxSettlements">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Percentage of the difference between reported income tax expense (benefit) and expected income tax expense (benefit) computed by applying the domestic federal statutory income tax rates to pretax income (loss) from continuing operations attributable to income tax settlements. Including, but not limited to, domestic tax settlement, foreign tax settlement, state and local tax settlement, and other tax settlements.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 740<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 12<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=84230637&amp;loc=d3e32687-109319<br><br>Reference 2: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 740<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SAB TOPIC 6.I)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=116825942&amp;loc=d3e330036-122817<br><br>Reference 3: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 740<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 13<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=84230637&amp;loc=d3e32698-109319<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_EffectiveIncomeTaxRateReconciliationTaxSettlements</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>num:percentItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_EmployeeBenefitsAndShareBasedCompensation">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of expense for employee benefit and equity-based compensation.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_EmployeeBenefitsAndShareBasedCompensation</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_EquitySecuritiesFvNiRealizedGainLoss">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of realized gain (loss) from sale of investment in equity security measured at fair value with change in fair value recognized in net income (FV-NI).</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/commonPracticeRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 321<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 4<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=116654751&amp;loc=SL75117546-209714<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
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<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
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<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of current income tax expense (benefit) and deferred income tax expense (benefit) pertaining to continuing operations.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 280<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 22<br> -Subparagraph (h)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=115929826&amp;loc=d3e8736-108599<br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 235<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.4-08(h))<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=26873400&amp;loc=d3e23780-122690<br><br>Reference 3: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 740<br> -SubTopic 20<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -Subparagraph (a)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=109238882&amp;loc=d3e38679-109324<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
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<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
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<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
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<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of cash and cash equivalents restricted as to withdrawal or usage. Cash includes, but is not limited to, currency on hand, demand deposits with banks or financial institutions, and other accounts with general characteristics of demand deposits. Cash equivalents include, but are not limited to, short-term, highly liquid investments that are both readily convertible to known amounts of cash and so near their maturity that they present insignificant risk of changes in value because of changes in interest rates.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 944<br> -SubTopic 210<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.7-03(a)(2))<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=119400593&amp;loc=d3e572229-122910<br><br>Reference 2: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02(1))<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6877327&amp;loc=d3e13212-122682<br><br>Reference 3: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 230<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 8<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=98513485&amp;loc=SL98516268-108586<br><br>Reference 4: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 942<br> -SubTopic 210<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.9-03(1)(a))<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6876686&amp;loc=d3e534808-122878<br><br>Reference 5: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 230<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 4<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=118932676&amp;loc=d3e3044-108585<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
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<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Description of the reverse stock split arrangement. Also provide the retroactive effect given by the reverse split that occurs after the balance sheet date but before the release of financial statements.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 505<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 4<br> -Subparagraph (SAB Topic 4.C)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=27012166&amp;loc=d3e187143-122770<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
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<span style="display: none;">v3.19.2</span><table class="report" border="0" cellspacing="2" id="idp6789710368">
<tr>
<th class="tl" colspan="1" rowspan="2"><div style="width: 200px;"><strong>Going Concern (Details) - USD ($)<br></strong></div></th>
<th class="th" colspan="2">3 Months Ended</th>
<th class="th" colspan="2">12 Months Ended</th>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="th"><div>Mar. 31, 2019</div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Mar. 31, 2018</div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Dec. 31, 2018</div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Dec. 31, 2017</div></th>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_abvcd_GoingConcernTextualAbstract', window );"><strong>Going Concern (Textual)</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
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<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_RetainedEarningsAccumulatedDeficit', window );">Accumulated deficit</a></td>
<td class="num">$ (13,001,117)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">$ (12,209,446)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">$ (15,776,598)<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
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<td class="num">(873,317)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">$ (713,622)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(4,101,303)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(4,242,860)<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_abvcd_WorkingCapitalDeficiency', window );">Working capital deficiency</a></td>
<td class="nump">$ 10,907,973<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 10,421,310<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 1,756,915<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
</table>
<div style="display: none;">
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<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Going concern textual.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
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<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The amount of working capital deficiency.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
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<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_NetIncomeLoss">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The portion of profit or loss for the period, net of income taxes, which is attributable to the parent.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 220<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 1A<br> -Subparagraph (a)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=118930883&amp;loc=SL7669619-108580<br><br>Reference 2: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 942<br> -SubTopic 220<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.9-04(22))<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=116637391&amp;loc=SL114874048-224260<br><br>Reference 3: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 220<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 1B<br> -Subparagraph (a)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=118930883&amp;loc=SL7669625-108580<br><br>Reference 4: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 944<br> -SubTopic 220<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.7-04(18))<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=116637232&amp;loc=SL114874131-224263<br><br>Reference 5: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 220<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-03(20))<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=116634182&amp;loc=SL114868664-224227<br><br>Reference 6: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 230<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 28<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=118932676&amp;loc=d3e3602-108585<br><br>Reference 7: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 260<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6371337&amp;loc=d3e3550-109257<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_NetIncomeLoss</td>
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<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The cumulative amount of the reporting entity's undistributed earnings or deficit.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02(30)(a)(3))<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6877327&amp;loc=d3e13212-122682<br><br>Reference 2: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 944<br> -SubTopic 210<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.7-03(a)(23)(a)(4))<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=119400593&amp;loc=d3e572229-122910<br><br>Reference 3: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 505<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.3-04)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=27012166&amp;loc=d3e187085-122770<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
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<span style="display: none;">v3.19.2</span><table class="report" border="0" cellspacing="2" id="idp6884729952">
<tr>
<th class="tl" colspan="1" rowspan="2"><div style="width: 200px;"><strong>Collaborative Agreements (Details) - USD ($)<br></strong></div></th>
<th class="th" colspan="1"></th>
<th class="th" colspan="1"></th>
<th class="th" colspan="10">1 Months Ended</th>
<th class="th" colspan="2">3 Months Ended</th>
<th class="th" colspan="2">12 Months Ended</th>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="th"><div>May 06, 2016</div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Dec. 29, 2015</div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Dec. 24, 2018</div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Sep. 30, 2017</div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Sep. 25, 2017</div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Jul. 24, 2017</div></th>
<th class="th"><div>May 26, 2017</div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Feb. 28, 2017</div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Aug. 31, 2016</div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Jul. 27, 2016</div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Mar. 31, 2016</div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Dec. 31, 2015</div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Mar. 31, 2019</div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Mar. 31, 2018</div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Dec. 31, 2018</div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Dec. 31, 2017</div></th>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_abvcd_CollaborativeAgreementTextualAbstract', window );"><strong>Collaborative Agreements (Textual)</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_StockIssuedDuringPeriodValueNewIssues', window );">Common stock newly issued, value</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 694,219<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 80,000<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 80,000<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 5,850,000<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_DueFromRelatedPartiesCurrent', window );">Outstanding balance</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">2,550,000<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_TypeOfArrangementAxis=us-gaap_CollaborativeArrangementMember', window );">Collaborative Arrangement [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_abvcd_CollaborativeAgreementTextualAbstract', window );"><strong>Collaborative Agreements (Textual)</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_RelatedPartyTransactionTermsAndMannerOfSettlement', window );">Description of payment settlement</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">Upfront payment shall upon the signing of this BioLite Collaborative Agreement: 3.5% of total payment. After receiving upfront payment from BriVision, BioLite has to deliver all data to BriVision in one week. Upon the first IND submission, BriVision shall pay, but no later than December 15, 2016: 6.5% of total payment. After receiving second payment from BriVision, BioLite has to deliver IND package to BriVision in one week. At the completion of first phase II clinical trial, BriVision shall pay, but no later than September 15, 2017: 15% of total payment. After receiving third payment from BriVision, BioLite has to deliver phase II clinical study report to BriVision in three months. Upon the phase III IND submission, BriVision shall pay, but no later than December 15, 2018: 20% of total payment. After receiving forth payment from BriVision, BioLite has to deliver IND package to BriVision in one week. At the completion of phase III, BriVision shall pay, but no later than September 15, 2019:25% of total payment. After receiving fifth payment from BriVision, BioLite has to deliver phase III clinical study report to BriVision in three months. Upon the NDA submission, BriVision shall pay, but no later than December 15, 2020, BriVision shall pay: 30% of total payment. After receiving sixth payment from BriVision, BioLite has to deliver NDA package to BriVision in one week.<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_DueToOtherRelatedPartiesCurrentAndNoncurrent', window );">Amount received from BriVision</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 100,000,000<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 3,000,000<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_abvcd_UpfrontPayments', window );">Upfront payments</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 3,500,000<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_abvcd_PercentageOfPaymentsUnderCodevelopmentAgreement', window );">Percentage of payments under co-development agreement</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">3.50%<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">50.00%<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_abvcd_MilestonePayments', window );">Milestone payments to BioLite in cash</a></td>
<td class="nump">$ 2,600,000<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_StockIssuedDuringPeriodValueNewIssues', window );">Common stock newly issued, value</a></td>
<td class="nump">$ 900,000<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 3,000,000<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_StockIssuedDuringPeriodSharesNewIssues', window );">Common stock newly issued, shares</a></td>
<td class="nump">562,500<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_SharePrice', window );">Share price</a></td>
<td class="nump">$ 1.60<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 2.0<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_CostOfGoodsAndServicesSold', window );">Licensing rights</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 3,000,000<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_AccountsPayableRelatedPartiesCurrentAndNoncurrent', window );">Accounts payable</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 15,000,000<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 15,000,000<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_OtherResearchAndDevelopmentExpense', window );">Research and development expense</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 3,000,000<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_RelatedPartyTransactionEffectsOfAnyChangeInMethodOfEstablishingTerms', window );">Agreement, terms</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">This BioLite Collaborative Agreement shall, once signed by both Parties, remain in effect for fifteen years as of the first
commercial sales of the Product in the Territory and automatically renew for five more years unless either party gives the
other party six month written notice of termination prior to the expiration date of the term.<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_TypeOfArrangementAxis=abvcd_CodevelopmentagreementMember', window );">Co-Dev Agreement [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_abvcd_CollaborativeAgreementTextualAbstract', window );"><strong>Collaborative Agreements (Textual)</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_DueToOtherRelatedPartiesCurrentAndNoncurrent', window );">Amount received from BriVision</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 3,000,000<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 3,000,000<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">450,000<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_abvcd_PercentageOfPaymentsUnderCodevelopmentAgreement', window );">Percentage of payments under co-development agreement</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">50.00%<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">15.00%<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_CostOfGoodsAndServicesSold', window );">Licensing rights</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 10,000,000<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_AccountsPayableRelatedPartiesCurrentAndNoncurrent', window );">Accounts payable</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 15,000,000<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_PaymentsForParticipationLiabilities', window );">Company cash payments</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 3,000,000<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 3,000,000<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_abvcd_CoDevAgreementDescription', window );">Co-Dev agreement, description</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">The Company received the remaining balance of $2,550,000 in the form of newly issued shares of Rgene's Common Stock, at the price of NT$50 (approximately equivalent to $1.60 per share), for an aggregate number of 1,530,000 shares, which accounted for equity method long-term investment as of December 31, 2018. During the year ended December 31, 2018, the Company has recognized investment loss of $549.<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_TypeOfArrangementAxis=abvcd_BHKCoDevelopmentAgreementMember', window );">BHK Co-Development Agreement [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_abvcd_CollaborativeAgreementTextualAbstract', window );"><strong>Collaborative Agreements (Textual)</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_RelatedPartyTransactionTermsAndMannerOfSettlement', window );">Description of payment settlement</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">Upon the signing of the BHK Co-Development Agreement: $1 million, or 10% of total payment Upon the first Investigational New Drug (IND) submission and BioLite Taiwan will deliver all data to BHK according to FDA Reviewing requirement: $1 million, or 10% of total payment At the completion of first phase II clinical trial: $1 million, or 10% of total payment At the initiation of phase III of clinical trial research: $3 million, or 30% of total payment Upon the New Drug Application (NDA) submission: $4 million, or 40% of total payment<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_abvcd_UpfrontPayments', window );">Upfront payments</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 1,000,000<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 1,000,000<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_abvcd_PercentageOfPaymentsUnderCodevelopmentAgreement', window );">Percentage of payments under co-development agreement</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">10.00%<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">10.00%<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_abvcd_MilestonePayments', window );">Milestone payments to BioLite in cash</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 31,649,000<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 10,000,000<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_StockIssuedDuringPeriodValueNewIssues', window );">Common stock newly issued, value</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 1,000,000<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 10,000,000<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_abvcd_MilestonePaymentsRoyaltyPercentage', window );">Milestone payments royalty percentage</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">12.00%<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_abvcd_CollaborativeAgreementsDescription', window );">Collaborative Agreements, description</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">The Company recognized the cash receipt in a total of NT$50 million, approximately equivalent to $1.6 million, as collaboration revenue when all research, technical, and development data was delivered to BHK.<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">In addition to the total of NT$50 million, approximately equivalent to $1.60 million, BioLite Taiwan is entitled to receive 50% of the future net licensing income or net sales profit. As of March 31, 2019 and 2018, the Company has not earned the royalty under the BHK Collaborative Agreements.<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_TypeOfArrangementAxis=abvcd_CollaborativeArrangementOneMember', window );">Collaborative Arrangement One [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_abvcd_CollaborativeAgreementTextualAbstract', window );"><strong>Collaborative Agreements (Textual)</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_abvcd_PercentageOfPaymentsUnderCodevelopmentAgreement', window );">Percentage of payments under co-development agreement</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">6.50%<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_abvcd_MilestonePayments', window );">Milestone payments to BioLite in cash</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 650,000<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_StockIssuedDuringPeriodValueNewIssues', window );">Common stock newly issued, value</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 5,850,000<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_StockIssuedDuringPeriodSharesNewIssues', window );">Common stock newly issued, shares</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">2,925,000<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_SharePrice', window );">Share price</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 2.0<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_AccountsPayableRelatedPartiesCurrentAndNoncurrent', window );">Accounts payable</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 6,500,000<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_OtherResearchAndDevelopmentExpense', window );">Research and development expense</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 3,000,000<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
</table>
<div style="display: none;">
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_abvcd_CoDevAgreementDescription">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Co-Dev agreement description.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">abvcd_CoDevAgreementDescription</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>abvcd_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:stringItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_abvcd_CollaborativeAgreementTextualAbstract">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- References</a><div><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">abvcd_CollaborativeAgreementTextualAbstract</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>abvcd_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:stringItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_abvcd_CollaborativeAgreementsDescription">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Collaborative Agreements, description</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">abvcd_CollaborativeAgreementsDescription</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>abvcd_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:stringItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_abvcd_MilestonePayments">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Milestone payments.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">abvcd_MilestonePayments</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>abvcd_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_abvcd_MilestonePaymentsRoyaltyPercentage">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Milestone payments royalty percentage.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">abvcd_MilestonePaymentsRoyaltyPercentage</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>abvcd_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>num:percentItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_abvcd_PercentageOfPaymentsUnderCodevelopmentAgreement">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Percentage of payments under co-development agreement.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">abvcd_PercentageOfPaymentsUnderCodevelopmentAgreement</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>abvcd_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>num:percentItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_abvcd_UpfrontPayments">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The amount of upfront payments which are paid during the term of agreement.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">abvcd_UpfrontPayments</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>abvcd_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_AccountsPayableRelatedPartiesCurrentAndNoncurrent">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount for accounts payable to related parties.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 850<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (d)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6457730&amp;loc=d3e39549-107864<br><br>Reference 2: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 235<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.4-08.(k)(1))<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=26873400&amp;loc=d3e23780-122690<br><br>Reference 3: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 942<br> -SubTopic 210<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.9-03.15(5))<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6876686&amp;loc=d3e534808-122878<br><br>Reference 4: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 944<br> -SubTopic 210<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.7-03.17)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=119400593&amp;loc=d3e572229-122910<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_AccountsPayableRelatedPartiesCurrentAndNoncurrent</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_CostOfGoodsAndServicesSold">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The aggregate costs related to goods produced and sold and services rendered by an entity during the reporting period. This excludes costs incurred during the reporting period related to financial services rendered and other revenue generating activities.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 220<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-03.2(a),(d))<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=116634182&amp;loc=SL114868664-224227<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_CostOfGoodsAndServicesSold</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_DueFromRelatedPartiesCurrent">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The aggregate amount of receivables to be collected from related parties where one party can exercise control or significant influence over another party; including affiliates, owners or officers and their immediate families, pension trusts, and so forth, at the financial statement date. which are usually due within one year (or one business cycle).</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 235<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.4-08(k)(1))<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=26873400&amp;loc=d3e23780-122690<br><br>Reference 2: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02(11))<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6877327&amp;loc=d3e13212-122682<br><br>Reference 3: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02(3)(a)(2))<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6877327&amp;loc=d3e13212-122682<br><br>Reference 4: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (d)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=118951113&amp;loc=d3e6676-107765<br><br>Reference 5: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 850<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (d)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6457730&amp;loc=d3e39549-107864<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_DueFromRelatedPartiesCurrent</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
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<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_DueToOtherRelatedPartiesCurrentAndNoncurrent">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount payable to related parties classified as other.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 235<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.4-08.(k)(1))<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=26873400&amp;loc=d3e23780-122690<br><br>Reference 2: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 942<br> -SubTopic 210<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.9-03.15(3),(4))<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6876686&amp;loc=d3e534808-122878<br><br>Reference 3: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 944<br> -SubTopic 210<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.7-03.17)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=119400593&amp;loc=d3e572229-122910<br><br>Reference 4: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 850<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (d)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6457730&amp;loc=d3e39549-107864<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_DueToOtherRelatedPartiesCurrentAndNoncurrent</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
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<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
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</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
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</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
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</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_OtherResearchAndDevelopmentExpense">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of other research and development expense.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 730<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6420194&amp;loc=d3e21568-108373<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_OtherResearchAndDevelopmentExpense</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_PaymentsForParticipationLiabilities">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Cash payments related to participation costs.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 926<br> -SubTopic 230<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6473203&amp;loc=d3e55336-107963<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_PaymentsForParticipationLiabilities</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
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<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
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<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_RelatedPartyTransactionEffectsOfAnyChangeInMethodOfEstablishingTerms">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Description of the effects of any change in the method of establishing the terms of a related party transaction for example, pricing terms, from that used in the preceding period.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 850<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (c)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6457730&amp;loc=d3e39549-107864<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_RelatedPartyTransactionEffectsOfAnyChangeInMethodOfEstablishingTerms</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:stringItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_RelatedPartyTransactionTermsAndMannerOfSettlement">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Description of the terms and manner of settlement of the related party transaction.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 850<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (d)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6457730&amp;loc=d3e39549-107864<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_RelatedPartyTransactionTermsAndMannerOfSettlement</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:stringItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
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<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_SharePrice">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Price of a single share of a number of saleable stocks of a company.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_SharePrice</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>num:perShareItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_StockIssuedDuringPeriodSharesNewIssues">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Number of new stock issued during the period.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02(29))<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6877327&amp;loc=d3e13212-122682<br><br>Reference 2: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 505<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=109259400&amp;loc=d3e21463-112644<br><br>Reference 3: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 505<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.3-04)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=27012166&amp;loc=d3e187085-122770<br><br>Reference 4: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02(28))<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6877327&amp;loc=d3e13212-122682<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_StockIssuedDuringPeriodSharesNewIssues</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:sharesItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_StockIssuedDuringPeriodValueNewIssues">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Equity impact of the value of new stock issued during the period. Includes shares issued in an initial public offering or a secondary public offering.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 505<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.3-04)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=27012166&amp;loc=d3e187085-122770<br><br>Reference 2: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 505<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=109259400&amp;loc=d3e21463-112644<br><br>Reference 3: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02(29))<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6877327&amp;loc=d3e13212-122682<br><br>Reference 4: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02(28))<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6877327&amp;loc=d3e13212-122682<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_StockIssuedDuringPeriodValueNewIssues</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_TypeOfArrangementAxis=us-gaap_CollaborativeArrangementMember">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Details</a><div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_TypeOfArrangementAxis=us-gaap_CollaborativeArrangementMember</td>
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<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
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<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
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</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_TypeOfArrangementAxis=abvcd_CodevelopmentagreementMember">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Details</a><div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_TypeOfArrangementAxis=abvcd_CodevelopmentagreementMember</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_TypeOfArrangementAxis=abvcd_BHKCoDevelopmentAgreementMember">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Details</a><div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_TypeOfArrangementAxis=abvcd_BHKCoDevelopmentAgreementMember</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_TypeOfArrangementAxis=abvcd_CollaborativeArrangementOneMember">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Details</a><div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_TypeOfArrangementAxis=abvcd_CollaborativeArrangementOneMember</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
</div>
</body>
</html>
</TEXT>
</DOCUMENT>
<DOCUMENT>
<TYPE>XML
<SEQUENCE>59
<FILENAME>R45.htm
<DESCRIPTION>IDEA: XBRL DOCUMENT
<TEXT>
<html>
<head>
<title></title>
<link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="report.css">
<script type="text/javascript" src="Show.js">/* Do Not Remove This Comment */</script><script type="text/javascript">
							function toggleNextSibling (e) {
							if (e.nextSibling.style.display=='none') {
							e.nextSibling.style.display='block';
							} else { e.nextSibling.style.display='none'; }
							}</script>
</head>
<body>
<span style="display: none;">v3.19.2</span><table class="report" border="0" cellspacing="2" id="idp6661347376">
<tr>
<th class="tl" colspan="1" rowspan="1"><div style="width: 200px;"><strong>Inventory (Details) - USD ($)<br></strong></div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Mar. 31, 2019</div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Dec. 31, 2018</div></th>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_InventoryDisclosureAbstract', window );"><strong>Inventory Disclosure [Abstract]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_abvcd_Merchandise', window );">Merchandise</a></td>
<td class="nump">$ 521<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 1,318<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_InventoryFinishedGoods', window );">Finished goods</a></td>
<td class="nump">91,891<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">100,736<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_InventoryWorkInProcess', window );">Work-in-process</a></td>
<td class="nump">20,057<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">20,243<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_InventoryRawMaterialsAndSupplies', window );">Raw materials</a></td>
<td class="nump">56,171<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">56,691<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_abvcd_AllowanceForInventoryValuationAndObsolescenceLoss', window );">Allowance for inventory valuation and obsolescence loss</a></td>
<td class="num">(168,119)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(177,670)<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="reu">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_InventoryNet', window );">Inventory, net</a></td>
<td class="nump">$ 521<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 1,318<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
</table>
<div style="display: none;">
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_abvcd_AllowanceForInventoryValuationAndObsolescenceLoss">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Allowance for inventory valuation and obsolescence loss.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">abvcd_AllowanceForInventoryValuationAndObsolescenceLoss</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>abvcd_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_abvcd_Merchandise">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of merchandise.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">abvcd_Merchandise</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>abvcd_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_InventoryDisclosureAbstract">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- References</a><div><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_InventoryDisclosureAbstract</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:stringItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_InventoryFinishedGoods">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount before valuation and LIFO reserves of completed merchandise or goods expected to be sold within one year or operating cycle, if longer.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02.6(a)(1))<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6877327&amp;loc=d3e13212-122682<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_InventoryFinishedGoods</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_InventoryNet">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount after valuation and LIFO reserves of inventory expected to be sold, or consumed within one year or operating cycle, if longer.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (b)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=118951113&amp;loc=d3e6676-107765<br><br>Reference 2: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 330<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 35<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=116846819&amp;loc=d3e3927-108312<br><br>Reference 3: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02.6(a))<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6877327&amp;loc=d3e13212-122682<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_InventoryNet</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_InventoryRawMaterialsAndSupplies">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Gross amount of unprocessed materials to be used in manufacturing or production process and supplies that will be consumed.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02.6(a)(4),(5))<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6877327&amp;loc=d3e13212-122682<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_InventoryRawMaterialsAndSupplies</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_InventoryWorkInProcess">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount before valuation and LIFO reserves of merchandise or goods in the production process expected to be completed within one year or operating cycle, if longer.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02.6(a)(3))<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6877327&amp;loc=d3e13212-122682<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_InventoryWorkInProcess</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
</div>
</body>
</html>
</TEXT>
</DOCUMENT>
<DOCUMENT>
<TYPE>XML
<SEQUENCE>60
<FILENAME>R46.htm
<DESCRIPTION>IDEA: XBRL DOCUMENT
<TEXT>
<html>
<head>
<title></title>
<link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="report.css">
<script type="text/javascript" src="Show.js">/* Do Not Remove This Comment */</script><script type="text/javascript">
							function toggleNextSibling (e) {
							if (e.nextSibling.style.display=='none') {
							e.nextSibling.style.display='block';
							} else { e.nextSibling.style.display='none'; }
							}</script>
</head>
<body>
<span style="display: none;">v3.19.2</span><table class="report" border="0" cellspacing="2" id="idp6784286208">
<tr>
<th class="tl" colspan="1" rowspan="1"><div style="width: 200px;"><strong>Property and Equipment (Details) - USD ($)<br></strong></div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Mar. 31, 2019</div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Dec. 31, 2018</div></th>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_PropertyPlantAndEquipmentGross', window );">Subtotal</a></td>
<td class="nump">$ 3,738,907<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 762,467<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_AccumulatedDepreciationDepletionAndAmortizationPropertyPlantAndEquipment', window );">Less: accumulated depreciation</a></td>
<td class="num">(3,191,387)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(252,401)<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_PropertyPlantAndEquipmentNet', window );">Property and equipment, net</a></td>
<td class="nump">547,520<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">510,066<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_PropertyPlantAndEquipmentByTypeAxis=us-gaap_LandMember', window );">Land [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_PropertyPlantAndEquipmentGross', window );">Subtotal</a></td>
<td class="nump">360,081<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">363,416<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_PropertyPlantAndEquipmentByTypeAxis=abvcd_BuildingsAndLeaseholdImprovementsMember', window );">Buildings and leasehold improvements [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_PropertyPlantAndEquipmentGross', window );">Subtotal</a></td>
<td class="nump">2,115,155<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">290,403<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_PropertyPlantAndEquipmentByTypeAxis=us-gaap_MachineryAndEquipmentMember', window );">Machinery and equipment [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_PropertyPlantAndEquipmentGross', window );">Subtotal</a></td>
<td class="nump">1,236,493<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">87,356<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_PropertyPlantAndEquipmentByTypeAxis=us-gaap_OfficeEquipmentMember', window );">Office equipment [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_PropertyPlantAndEquipmentGross', window );">Subtotal</a></td>
<td class="nump">$ 27,178<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 21,292<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
</table>
<div style="display: none;">
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_AccumulatedDepreciationDepletionAndAmortizationPropertyPlantAndEquipment">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of accumulated depreciation, depletion and amortization for physical assets used in the normal conduct of business to produce goods and services.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 360<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (c)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6391035&amp;loc=d3e2868-110229<br><br>Reference 2: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02.14)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6877327&amp;loc=d3e13212-122682<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_AccumulatedDepreciationDepletionAndAmortizationPropertyPlantAndEquipment</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_PropertyPlantAndEquipmentGross">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount before accumulated depreciation, depletion and amortization of physical assets used in the normal conduct of business and not intended for resale. Examples include, but are not limited to, land, buildings, machinery and equipment, office equipment, and furniture and fixtures.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 360<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (b)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6391035&amp;loc=d3e2868-110229<br><br>Reference 2: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02.13)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6877327&amp;loc=d3e13212-122682<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_PropertyPlantAndEquipmentGross</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_PropertyPlantAndEquipmentNet">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount after accumulated depreciation, depletion and amortization of physical assets used in the normal conduct of business to produce goods and services and not intended for resale. Examples include, but are not limited to, land, buildings, machinery and equipment, office equipment, and furniture and fixtures.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02(14))<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6877327&amp;loc=d3e13212-122682<br><br>Reference 2: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 360<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6391035&amp;loc=d3e2868-110229<br><br>Reference 3: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 944<br> -SubTopic 210<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.7-03(a)(8))<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=119400593&amp;loc=d3e572229-122910<br><br>Reference 4: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02(13))<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6877327&amp;loc=d3e13212-122682<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_PropertyPlantAndEquipmentNet</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_PropertyPlantAndEquipmentByTypeAxis=us-gaap_LandMember">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Details</a><div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_PropertyPlantAndEquipmentByTypeAxis=us-gaap_LandMember</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_PropertyPlantAndEquipmentByTypeAxis=abvcd_BuildingsAndLeaseholdImprovementsMember">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Details</a><div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_PropertyPlantAndEquipmentByTypeAxis=abvcd_BuildingsAndLeaseholdImprovementsMember</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_PropertyPlantAndEquipmentByTypeAxis=us-gaap_MachineryAndEquipmentMember">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Details</a><div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_PropertyPlantAndEquipmentByTypeAxis=us-gaap_MachineryAndEquipmentMember</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_PropertyPlantAndEquipmentByTypeAxis=us-gaap_OfficeEquipmentMember">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Details</a><div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_PropertyPlantAndEquipmentByTypeAxis=us-gaap_OfficeEquipmentMember</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
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<html>
<head>
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<span style="display: none;">v3.19.2</span><table class="report" border="0" cellspacing="2" id="idp6794629968">
<tr>
<th class="tl" colspan="1" rowspan="2"><div style="width: 200px;"><strong>Property and Equipment (Details Textual) - USD ($)<br></strong></div></th>
<th class="th" colspan="2">3 Months Ended</th>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="th"><div>Mar. 31, 2019</div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Mar. 31, 2018</div></th>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_abvcd_PropertyAndEquipmentTextualAbstract', window );"><strong>Property and Equipment (Textual)</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_Depreciation', window );">Depreciation expenses</a></td>
<td class="nump">$ 13,940<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 11,420<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
</table>
<div style="display: none;">
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_abvcd_PropertyAndEquipmentTextualAbstract">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- References</a><div><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">abvcd_PropertyAndEquipmentTextualAbstract</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>abvcd_</td>
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<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:stringItemType</td>
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<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
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<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_Depreciation">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The amount of expense recognized in the current period that reflects the allocation of the cost of tangible assets over the assets' useful lives. Includes production and non-production related depreciation.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 360<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (a)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6391035&amp;loc=d3e2868-110229<br><br>Reference 2: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 230<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 28<br> -Subparagraph (b)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=118932676&amp;loc=d3e3602-108585<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_Depreciation</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
</div>
</body>
</html>
</TEXT>
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<DOCUMENT>
<TYPE>XML
<SEQUENCE>62
<FILENAME>R48.htm
<DESCRIPTION>IDEA: XBRL DOCUMENT
<TEXT>
<html>
<head>
<title></title>
<link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="report.css">
<script type="text/javascript" src="Show.js">/* Do Not Remove This Comment */</script><script type="text/javascript">
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<body>
<span style="display: none;">v3.19.2</span><table class="report" border="0" cellspacing="2" id="idp6788856320">
<tr>
<th class="tl" colspan="1" rowspan="2"><div style="width: 200px;"><strong>Long-Term Investments (Details)<br></strong></div></th>
<th class="th" colspan="1">3 Months Ended</th>
<th class="th" colspan="1">12 Months Ended</th>
<th class="th" colspan="1"></th>
<th class="th" colspan="1"></th>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="th"><div>Mar. 31, 2019</div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Dec. 31, 2018</div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Dec. 31, 2017</div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Aug. 31, 2017</div></th>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_EquityMethodInvestmentOwnershipPercentage', window );">Ownership percentage</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">73.00%<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_RelatedPartyTransactionAxis=abvcd_RgeneCorporationMember', window );">Rgene Corporation [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_EquityMethodInvestmentOwnershipPercentage', window );">Ownership percentage</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">23.90%<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_abvcd_AccountingTreatmentDescription', window );">Accounting treatment</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">Equity Method<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_RelatedPartyTransactionsByRelatedPartyAxis=abvcd_BraingenesisBiotechnologyCoLtdMember', window );">Braingenesis Biotechnology Co., Ltd. [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_EquityMethodInvestmentOwnershipPercentage', window );">Ownership percentage</a></td>
<td class="nump">0.17%<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">0.17%<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_abvcd_AccountingTreatmentDescription', window );">Accounting treatment</a></td>
<td class="text">Cost Method<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_RelatedPartyTransactionsByRelatedPartyAxis=abvcd_GenepharmBiotechCorporationMember', window );">Genepharm Biotech Corporation [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_EquityMethodInvestmentOwnershipPercentage', window );">Ownership percentage</a></td>
<td class="nump">0.72%<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">0.72%<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_abvcd_AccountingTreatmentDescription', window );">Accounting treatment</a></td>
<td class="text">Cost Method<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_RelatedPartyTransactionsByRelatedPartyAxis=abvcd_BioHopeKingCorporationMember', window );">BioHopeKing Corporation [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_EquityMethodInvestmentOwnershipPercentage', window );">Ownership percentage</a></td>
<td class="nump">7.13%<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">7.13%<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_abvcd_AccountingTreatmentDescription', window );">Accounting treatment</a></td>
<td class="text">Cost Method<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_RelatedPartyTransactionsByRelatedPartyAxis=abvcd_BioFirstCorporationMember', window );">BioFirst Corporation [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_EquityMethodInvestmentOwnershipPercentage', window );">Ownership percentage</a></td>
<td class="nump">16.14%<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">15.84%<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_abvcd_AccountingTreatmentDescription', window );">Accounting treatment</a></td>
<td class="text">Equity Method<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_RelatedPartyTransactionsByRelatedPartyAxis=abvcd_RgeneMember', window );">Rgene [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_EquityMethodInvestmentOwnershipPercentage', window );">Ownership percentage</a></td>
<td class="nump">31.63%<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">31.63%<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_abvcd_AccountingTreatmentDescription', window );">Accounting treatment</a></td>
<td class="text">Equity Method<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
</table>
<div style="display: none;">
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_abvcd_AccountingTreatmentDescription">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- References</a><div><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">abvcd_AccountingTreatmentDescription</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>abvcd_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:stringItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_EquityMethodInvestmentOwnershipPercentage">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The percentage of ownership of common stock or equity participation in the investee accounted for under the equity method of accounting.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 323<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 3<br> -Subparagraph (a)(1)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=114001798&amp;loc=d3e33918-111571<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_EquityMethodInvestmentOwnershipPercentage</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>num:percentItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_RelatedPartyTransactionAxis=abvcd_RgeneCorporationMember">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Details</a><div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_RelatedPartyTransactionAxis=abvcd_RgeneCorporationMember</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_RelatedPartyTransactionsByRelatedPartyAxis=abvcd_BraingenesisBiotechnologyCoLtdMember">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Details</a><div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_RelatedPartyTransactionsByRelatedPartyAxis=abvcd_BraingenesisBiotechnologyCoLtdMember</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_RelatedPartyTransactionsByRelatedPartyAxis=abvcd_GenepharmBiotechCorporationMember">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Details</a><div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_RelatedPartyTransactionsByRelatedPartyAxis=abvcd_GenepharmBiotechCorporationMember</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_RelatedPartyTransactionsByRelatedPartyAxis=abvcd_BioHopeKingCorporationMember">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Details</a><div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_RelatedPartyTransactionsByRelatedPartyAxis=abvcd_BioHopeKingCorporationMember</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_RelatedPartyTransactionsByRelatedPartyAxis=abvcd_BioFirstCorporationMember">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Details</a><div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_RelatedPartyTransactionsByRelatedPartyAxis=abvcd_BioFirstCorporationMember</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_RelatedPartyTransactionsByRelatedPartyAxis=abvcd_RgeneMember">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Details</a><div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_RelatedPartyTransactionsByRelatedPartyAxis=abvcd_RgeneMember</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
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</div>
</body>
</html>
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<DOCUMENT>
<TYPE>XML
<SEQUENCE>63
<FILENAME>R49.htm
<DESCRIPTION>IDEA: XBRL DOCUMENT
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<html>
<head>
<title></title>
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<span style="display: none;">v3.19.2</span><table class="report" border="0" cellspacing="2" id="idp6804926080">
<tr>
<th class="tl" colspan="1" rowspan="2"><div style="width: 200px;"><strong>Long-Term Investments (Details 1)<br></strong></div></th>
<th class="th" colspan="1">3 Months Ended</th>
<th class="th" colspan="1">12 Months Ended</th>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="th"><div>Mar. 31, 2019</div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Dec. 31, 2018</div></th>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_RelatedPartyTransactionAxis=abvcd_BioFirstCorporationMember', window );">BioFirst Corporation (the "BioFirst") [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_abvcd_RelatedPartyTransactionDescriptionOfTransactions', window );">Relationship with the Company and its subsidiaries, description</a></td>
<td class="text">Entity controlled by controlling beneficiary shareholder of Yuangene<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">Entity controlled by controlling beneficiary shareholder of YuanGene<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_RelatedPartyTransactionsByRelatedPartyAxis=abvcd_BraingenesisBiotechnologyCoLtdMember', window );">Braingenesis Biotechnology Co., Ltd. [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_abvcd_RelatedPartyTransactionDescriptionOfTransactions', window );">Relationship with the Company and its subsidiaries, description</a></td>
<td class="text">No specific business relationship<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_RelatedPartyTransactionsByRelatedPartyAxis=abvcd_GenepharmBiotechCorporationMember', window );">Genepharm Biotech Corporation [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_abvcd_RelatedPartyTransactionDescriptionOfTransactions', window );">Relationship with the Company and its subsidiaries, description</a></td>
<td class="text">No specific business relationship<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_RelatedPartyTransactionsByRelatedPartyAxis=abvcd_BioHopeKingCorporationMember', window );">BioHopeKing Corporation [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_abvcd_RelatedPartyTransactionDescriptionOfTransactions', window );">Relationship with the Company and its subsidiaries, description</a></td>
<td class="text">Collaborating with the Company to develop and commercialize drugs<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_RelatedPartyTransactionsByRelatedPartyAxis=abvcd_RgeneMember', window );">Rgene [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_abvcd_RelatedPartyTransactionDescriptionOfTransactions', window );">Relationship with the Company and its subsidiaries, description</a></td>
<td class="text">Collaborating with the Company to develop and commercialize drugs<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
</table>
<div style="display: none;">
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_abvcd_RelatedPartyTransactionDescriptionOfTransactions">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>It represents related party descriptions.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">abvcd_RelatedPartyTransactionDescriptionOfTransactions</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>abvcd_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:stringItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_RelatedPartyTransactionAxis=abvcd_BioFirstCorporationMember">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Details</a><div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_RelatedPartyTransactionAxis=abvcd_BioFirstCorporationMember</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
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<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_RelatedPartyTransactionsByRelatedPartyAxis=abvcd_BraingenesisBiotechnologyCoLtdMember">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Details</a><div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_RelatedPartyTransactionsByRelatedPartyAxis=abvcd_BraingenesisBiotechnologyCoLtdMember</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
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</div></td></tr>
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<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Details</a><div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_RelatedPartyTransactionsByRelatedPartyAxis=abvcd_GenepharmBiotechCorporationMember</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
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<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Details</a><div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_RelatedPartyTransactionsByRelatedPartyAxis=abvcd_BioHopeKingCorporationMember</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
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<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
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<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Details</a><div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_RelatedPartyTransactionsByRelatedPartyAxis=abvcd_RgeneMember</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
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<head>
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<span style="display: none;">v3.19.2</span><table class="report" border="0" cellspacing="2" id="idp6790137744">
<tr>
<th class="tl" colspan="1" rowspan="1"><div style="width: 200px;"><strong>Long-Term Investments (Details 2) - USD ($)<br></strong></div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Mar. 31, 2019</div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Dec. 31, 2018</div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Dec. 31, 2017</div></th>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_abvcd_NonmarketableCostMethodInvestmentsNetAbstract', window );"><strong>Non-marketable Cost Method Investments, net abstract</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_abvcd_NonmarketableCostMethodInvestmentsNet', window );">Sub total</a></td>
<td class="nump">$ 1,967,446<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 1,985,663<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_EquityMethodInvestments', window );">Total</a></td>
<td class="nump">3,407,763<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">3,488,169<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_RelatedPartyTransactionAxis=abvcd_BioFirstCorporationMember', window );">BioFirst Corporation [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_abvcd_NonmarketableCostMethodInvestmentsNetAbstract', window );"><strong>Non-marketable Cost Method Investments, net abstract</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_EquityMethodInvestments', window );">Total</a></td>
<td class="nump">1,440,317<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">1,502,506<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_RelatedPartyTransactionAxis=abvcd_RgeneCorporationMember', window );">Rgene Corporation [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_abvcd_NonmarketableCostMethodInvestmentsNetAbstract', window );"><strong>Non-marketable Cost Method Investments, net abstract</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_EquityMethodInvestments', window );">Total</a></td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_RelatedPartyTransactionsByRelatedPartyAxis=abvcd_BraingenesisBiotechnologyCoLtdMember', window );">Braingenesis Biotechnology Co., Ltd. [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_abvcd_NonmarketableCostMethodInvestmentsNetAbstract', window );"><strong>Non-marketable Cost Method Investments, net abstract</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_abvcd_NonmarketableCostMethodInvestmentsNet', window );">Sub total</a></td>
<td class="nump">7,147<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">7,213<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_RelatedPartyTransactionsByRelatedPartyAxis=abvcd_GenepharmBiotechCorporationMember', window );">Genepharm Biotech Corporation [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_abvcd_NonmarketableCostMethodInvestmentsNetAbstract', window );"><strong>Non-marketable Cost Method Investments, net abstract</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_abvcd_NonmarketableCostMethodInvestmentsNet', window );">Sub total</a></td>
<td class="nump">21,819<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">22,021<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_RelatedPartyTransactionsByRelatedPartyAxis=abvcd_BioHopeKingCorporationMember', window );">BioHopeKing Corporation [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_abvcd_NonmarketableCostMethodInvestmentsNetAbstract', window );"><strong>Non-marketable Cost Method Investments, net abstract</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_abvcd_NonmarketableCostMethodInvestmentsNet', window );">Sub total</a></td>
<td class="nump">$ 1,938,480<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 1,956,429<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
</table>
<div style="display: none;">
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_abvcd_NonmarketableCostMethodInvestmentsNet">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- References</a><div><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">abvcd_NonmarketableCostMethodInvestmentsNet</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>abvcd_</td>
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<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
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<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
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<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
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<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_abvcd_NonmarketableCostMethodInvestmentsNetAbstract">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- References</a><div><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">abvcd_NonmarketableCostMethodInvestmentsNetAbstract</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>abvcd_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:stringItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_EquityMethodInvestments">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>This item represents the carrying amount on the entity's balance sheet of its investment in common stock of an equity method investee. This is not an indicator of the fair value of the investment, rather it is the initial cost adjusted for the entity's share of earnings and losses of the investee, adjusted for any distributions (dividends) and other than temporary impairment (OTTI) losses recognized.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 323<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=109237563&amp;loc=d3e33749-111570<br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 280<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 25<br> -Subparagraph (a)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=115929826&amp;loc=d3e8813-108599<br><br>Reference 3: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02.12)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6877327&amp;loc=d3e13212-122682<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_EquityMethodInvestments</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_RelatedPartyTransactionAxis=abvcd_BioFirstCorporationMember">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Details</a><div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_RelatedPartyTransactionAxis=abvcd_BioFirstCorporationMember</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_RelatedPartyTransactionAxis=abvcd_RgeneCorporationMember">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Details</a><div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_RelatedPartyTransactionAxis=abvcd_RgeneCorporationMember</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_RelatedPartyTransactionsByRelatedPartyAxis=abvcd_BraingenesisBiotechnologyCoLtdMember">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Details</a><div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_RelatedPartyTransactionsByRelatedPartyAxis=abvcd_BraingenesisBiotechnologyCoLtdMember</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_RelatedPartyTransactionsByRelatedPartyAxis=abvcd_GenepharmBiotechCorporationMember">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Details</a><div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_RelatedPartyTransactionsByRelatedPartyAxis=abvcd_GenepharmBiotechCorporationMember</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_RelatedPartyTransactionsByRelatedPartyAxis=abvcd_BioHopeKingCorporationMember">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Details</a><div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_RelatedPartyTransactionsByRelatedPartyAxis=abvcd_BioHopeKingCorporationMember</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
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<span style="display: none;">v3.19.2</span><table class="report" border="0" cellspacing="2" id="idp6790218976">
<tr>
<th class="tl" colspan="1" rowspan="1"><div style="width: 200px;"><strong>Long-Term Investments (Details 3) - USD ($)<br></strong></div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Mar. 31, 2019</div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Dec. 31, 2018</div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Dec. 31, 2017</div></th>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_AssetsCurrent', window );">Current Assets</a></td>
<td class="nump">$ 1,527,182<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 566,476<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 2,643,332<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_LiabilitiesCurrent', window );">Current Liabilities</a></td>
<td class="nump">12,435,155<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">10,987,786<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">4,400,247<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_StockholdersEquity', window );">Shareholders' Equity (Deficit)</a></td>
<td class="num">(5,762,310)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(5,657,996)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(1,756,915)<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_RelatedPartyTransactionAxis=abvcd_RgeneCorporationMember', window );">Rgene [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_AssetsCurrent', window );">Current Assets</a></td>
<td class="nump">94,305<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">98,168<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_AssetsNoncurrent', window );">Noncurrent Assets</a></td>
<td class="nump">39,541<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">14,779<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_LiabilitiesCurrent', window );">Current Liabilities</a></td>
<td class="nump">292,588<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">261,685<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_LiabilitiesNoncurrent', window );">Noncurrent Liabilities</a></td>
<td class="nump">11,424<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_StockholdersEquity', window );">Shareholders' Equity (Deficit)</a></td>
<td class="num">(170,166)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(148,738)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_RelatedPartyTransactionAxis=abvcd_BioFirstCorporationMember', window );">BioFirst [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_AssetsCurrent', window );">Current Assets</a></td>
<td class="nump">7,324,390<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">7,551,898<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_AssetsNoncurrent', window );">Noncurrent Assets</a></td>
<td class="nump">1,639,340<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">1,608,460<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_LiabilitiesCurrent', window );">Current Liabilities</a></td>
<td class="nump">1,805,325<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">1,648,206<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_LiabilitiesNoncurrent', window );">Noncurrent Liabilities</a></td>
<td class="nump">36,502<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_StockholdersEquity', window );">Shareholders' Equity (Deficit)</a></td>
<td class="nump">$ 7,121,903<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 7,512,152<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
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<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
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<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Sum of the carrying amounts as of the balance sheet date of all assets that are expected to be realized in cash, sold, or consumed within one year (or the normal operating cycle, if longer). Assets are probable future economic benefits obtained or controlled by an entity as a result of past transactions or events.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 3<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=118951113&amp;loc=d3e6801-107765<br><br>Reference 2: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02.9)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6877327&amp;loc=d3e13212-122682<br><br>Reference 3: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=118951113&amp;loc=d3e6676-107765<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_AssetsCurrent</td>
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<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
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<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
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<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
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<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
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<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
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<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Sum of the carrying amounts as of the balance sheet date of all assets that are expected to be realized in cash, sold or consumed after one year or beyond the normal operating cycle, if longer.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02(11))<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6877327&amp;loc=d3e13212-122682<br><br>Reference 2: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02(12))<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6877327&amp;loc=d3e13212-122682<br><br>Reference 3: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02(15))<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6877327&amp;loc=d3e13212-122682<br><br>Reference 4: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02(17))<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6877327&amp;loc=d3e13212-122682<br><br>Reference 5: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02(13))<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6877327&amp;loc=d3e13212-122682<br><br>Reference 6: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02(16))<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6877327&amp;loc=d3e13212-122682<br><br>Reference 7: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02(14))<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6877327&amp;loc=d3e13212-122682<br><br>Reference 8: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02(10))<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6877327&amp;loc=d3e13212-122682<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_AssetsNoncurrent</td>
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<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
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<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
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<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
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</div></td></tr>
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<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_LiabilitiesCurrent">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Total obligations incurred as part of normal operations that are expected to be paid during the following twelve months or within one business cycle, if longer.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02.21)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6877327&amp;loc=d3e13212-122682<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_LiabilitiesCurrent</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
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</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
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</div></td></tr>
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<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_LiabilitiesNoncurrent">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of obligation due after one year or beyond the normal operating cycle, if longer.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 201.5-02(25))<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6877327&amp;loc=d3e13212-122682<br><br>Reference 2: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02(23))<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6877327&amp;loc=d3e13212-122682<br><br>Reference 3: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02(22))<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6877327&amp;loc=d3e13212-122682<br><br>Reference 4: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 201.5-02(26))<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6877327&amp;loc=d3e13212-122682<br><br>Reference 5: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 201.5-02(24))<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6877327&amp;loc=d3e13212-122682<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_LiabilitiesNoncurrent</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
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</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_StockholdersEquity">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Total of all stockholders' equity (deficit) items, net of receivables from officers, directors, owners, and affiliates of the entity which are attributable to the parent. The amount of the economic entity's stockholders' equity attributable to the parent excludes the amount of stockholders' equity which is allocable to that ownership interest in subsidiary equity which is not attributable to the parent (noncontrolling interest, minority interest). This excludes temporary equity and is sometimes called permanent equity.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 310<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -Subparagraph (SAB Topic 4.E)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=27010918&amp;loc=d3e74512-122707<br><br>Reference 2: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02(31))<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6877327&amp;loc=d3e13212-122682<br><br>Reference 3: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02(29))<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6877327&amp;loc=d3e13212-122682<br><br>Reference 4: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02(30))<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6877327&amp;loc=d3e13212-122682<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_StockholdersEquity</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_RelatedPartyTransactionAxis=abvcd_RgeneCorporationMember">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Details</a><div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
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<span style="display: none;">v3.19.2</span><table class="report" border="0" cellspacing="2" id="idp6796565360">
<tr>
<th class="tl" colspan="1" rowspan="2"><div style="width: 200px;"><strong>Long-Term Investments (Details 4) - USD ($)<br></strong></div></th>
<th class="th" colspan="2">3 Months Ended</th>
<th class="th" colspan="2">12 Months Ended</th>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="th"><div>Mar. 31, 2019</div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Mar. 31, 2018</div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Dec. 31, 2018</div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Dec. 31, 2017</div></th>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_Revenues', window );">Net sales</a></td>
<td class="nump">$ 212,242<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_GrossProfit', window );">Gross Profit</a></td>
<td class="nump">210,743<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_NetIncomeLoss', window );">Net loss</a></td>
<td class="num">(873,317)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(713,622)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(4,101,303)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(4,242,860)<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_GainLossOnInvestments', window );">Share of losses from investments accounted for using the equity method</a></td>
<td class="num">(66,205)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(38,567)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(549)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_RelatedPartyTransactionAxis=abvcd_RgeneCorporationMember', window );">Rgene Corporation [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_Revenues', window );">Net sales</a></td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_GrossProfit', window );">Gross Profit</a></td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_NetIncomeLoss', window );">Net loss</a></td>
<td class="num">(22,662)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(36,041)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(120,065)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_GainLossOnInvestments', window );">Share of losses from investments accounted for using the equity method</a></td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">$ (549)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_RelatedPartyTransactionAxis=abvcd_BioFirstCorporationMember', window );">BioFirst Corporation [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_Revenues', window );">Net sales</a></td>
<td class="nump">10,334<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">10,022<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_GrossProfit', window );">Gross Profit</a></td>
<td class="nump">1,882<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">2,372<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_NetIncomeLoss', window );">Net loss</a></td>
<td class="num">(307,034)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(178,294)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_GainLossOnInvestments', window );">Share of losses from investments accounted for using the equity method</a></td>
<td class="num">$ (66,205)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">$ (38,567)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
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<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of realized and unrealized gain (loss) on investment.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 320<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 10<br> -Subparagraph (c)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=118939692&amp;loc=d3e27405-111563<br><br>Reference 2: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 220<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-03.7(c),9(a))<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=116634182&amp;loc=SL114868664-224227<br><br>Reference 3: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/recommendedDisclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 230<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 28<br> -Subparagraph (b)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=118932676&amp;loc=d3e3602-108585<br></p></div>
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<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Aggregate revenue less cost of goods and services sold or operating expenses directly attributable to the revenue generation activity.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 220<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-03.1,2)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=116634182&amp;loc=SL114868664-224227<br></p></div>
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<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The portion of profit or loss for the period, net of income taxes, which is attributable to the parent.</p></div>
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<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of revenue recognized from goods sold, services rendered, insurance premiums, or other activities that constitute an earning process. Includes, but is not limited to, investment and interest income before deduction of interest expense when recognized as a component of revenue, and sales and trading gain (loss).</p></div>
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<span style="display: none;">v3.19.2</span><table class="report" border="0" cellspacing="2" id="idp6668306976">
<tr>
<th class="tl" colspan="1" rowspan="2"><div style="width: 200px;"><strong>Long-Term Investments (Details 5) - USD ($)<br></strong></div></th>
<th class="th" colspan="2">3 Months Ended</th>
<th class="th" colspan="2">12 Months Ended</th>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="th"><div>Mar. 31, 2019</div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Mar. 31, 2018</div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Dec. 31, 2018</div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Dec. 31, 2017</div></th>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_abvcd_LongtermInvestmentAbstract', window );"><strong>Long-Term Investment [Abstract]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_GainLossOnInvestments', window );">Share of equity method investee losses</a></td>
<td class="num">$ (66,205)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">$ (38,567)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">$ (549)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ImpairmentOfInvestments', window );">Impairments</a></td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(2,549,451)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_IncomeLossFromEquityMethodInvestments', window );">Total losses on equity investments</a></td>
<td class="num">$ (66,205)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">$ (38,567)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">$ (2,550,000)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
</tr>
</table>
<div style="display: none;">
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<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- References</a><div><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
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<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of realized and unrealized gain (loss) on investment.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 320<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 10<br> -Subparagraph (c)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=118939692&amp;loc=d3e27405-111563<br><br>Reference 2: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 220<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-03.7(c),9(a))<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=116634182&amp;loc=SL114868664-224227<br><br>Reference 3: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/recommendedDisclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 230<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 28<br> -Subparagraph (b)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=118932676&amp;loc=d3e3602-108585<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
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<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_GainLossOnInvestments</td>
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<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The amount by which the fair value of an investment is less than the amortized cost basis or carrying amount of that investment at the balance sheet date and the decline in fair value is deemed to be other than temporary, before considering whether or not such amount is recognized in earnings or other comprehensive income.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 320<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 8A<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=118954083&amp;loc=SL6284422-111562<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
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<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of income (loss) for proportionate share of equity method investee's income (loss).</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 220<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-03(12))<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=116634182&amp;loc=SL114868664-224227<br><br>Reference 2: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 944<br> -SubTopic 220<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.7-04(10))<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=116637232&amp;loc=SL114874131-224263<br><br>Reference 3: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 230<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 28<br> -Subparagraph (b)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=118932676&amp;loc=d3e3602-108585<br><br>Reference 4: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 942<br> -SubTopic 220<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.9-04(13)(f))<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=116637391&amp;loc=SL114874048-224260<br><br>Reference 5: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 280<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 22<br> -Subparagraph (g)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=115929826&amp;loc=d3e8736-108599<br><br>Reference 6: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 323<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=109237563&amp;loc=d3e33749-111570<br></p></div>
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<span style="display: none;">v3.19.2</span><table class="report" border="0" cellspacing="2" id="idp6790505376">
<tr>
<th class="tl" colspan="1" rowspan="2"><div style="width: 200px;"><strong>Long-Term Investments (Details Textual) - USD ($)<br></strong></div></th>
<th class="th" colspan="1"></th>
<th class="th" colspan="1"></th>
<th class="th" colspan="1">1 Months Ended</th>
<th class="th" colspan="2">3 Months Ended</th>
<th class="th" colspan="2">12 Months Ended</th>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="th"><div>Dec. 24, 2018</div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Aug. 15, 2018</div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Nov. 02, 2018</div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Mar. 31, 2019</div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Mar. 31, 2018</div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Dec. 31, 2018</div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Dec. 31, 2017</div></th>
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<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_abvcd_LongtermInvestmentTextualAbstract', window );"><strong>Long-Term Investments (Textual)</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_StockIssuedDuringPeriodValueNewIssues', window );">Issued shares</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
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<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
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<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
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<td class="nump">$ 694,219<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 80,000<span></span>
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<td class="nump">$ 80,000<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 5,850,000<span></span>
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<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_RelatedPartyTransactionAxis=abvcd_RgeneCorporationMember', window );">Rgene [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_abvcd_LongtermInvestmentTextualAbstract', window );"><strong>Long-Term Investments (Textual)</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_DebtInstrumentConvertibleThresholdPercentageOfStockPriceTrigger', window );">Percentage of common stock shares</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">31.63%<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">31.62%<span></span>
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<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
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<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_StockIssuedDuringPeriodValueNewIssues', window );">Issued shares</a></td>
<td class="nump">$ 2,550,000<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
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<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_SaleOfStockPricePerShare', window );">Common stock price</a></td>
<td class="nump">$ 1.60<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
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<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
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<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_StockIssuedDuringPeriodSharesNewIssues', window );">Aggregate number of shares</a></td>
<td class="nump">1,530,000<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
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<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_RelatedPartyTransactionAxis=abvcd_BioFirstCorporationMember', window );">BioFirst [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_abvcd_LongtermInvestmentTextualAbstract', window );"><strong>Long-Term Investments (Textual)</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_DebtInstrumentConvertibleThresholdPercentageOfStockPriceTrigger', window );">Percentage of common stock shares</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">16.14%<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">15.84%<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
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<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_SaleOfStockDescriptionOfTransaction', window );">Sale of common stock, description</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">The Company subsequently purchased an aggregate of 200,000 and 366,200 shares of common stock of BHK at NT$10, equivalent to $0.33, and NT$50, equivalent $1.64, from one of directors of BHK and eleven shareholders of BHK, respectively. The percentage of ownership accordingly increased to 7.13% as of March 31, 2019 and December 31, 2018.<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">The Company subsequently purchased an aggregate of 200,000 and 366,200 shares of common stock of BHK at NT$10, equivalent to $0.33, and NT$50, equivalent $1.64, from one of directors of BHK and eleven shareholders of BHK, respectively. The percentage of ownership accordingly increased to 7.13% as of March 31, 2019 and December 31, 2018.<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">The Company sold 552,000 shares of common stock of BioHopeKing Corporation (the "BHK") at prices ranging from NT$25, equivalent $0.82, to NT$32, equivalent $1.05, to two directors of BHK and 25 individuals. As a result of the transactions, the Company recognized investment loss of $395,476 for the same period.<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
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<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- References</a><div><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">abvcd_LongtermInvestmentTextualAbstract</td>
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<tr>
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<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:stringItemType</td>
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<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_DebtInstrumentConvertibleThresholdPercentageOfStockPriceTrigger">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Minimum percentage of common stock price to conversion price of convertible debt instruments to determine eligibility of conversion.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_DebtInstrumentConvertibleThresholdPercentageOfStockPriceTrigger</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
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<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>num:percentItemType</td>
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<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
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</table></div>
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</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_SaleOfStockDescriptionOfTransaction">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Description of stock transaction which may include details of the offering (IPO, private placement), a description of the stock sold, percentage of subsidiary's or equity investee's stock sold, a description of the investors and whether the stock was issued in a business combination.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 810<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 1B<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=109239629&amp;loc=SL4582445-111684<br><br>Reference 2: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 810<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 23<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=108774443&amp;loc=SL4569655-111683<br><br>Reference 3: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 810<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 1A<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=109239629&amp;loc=SL4573702-111684<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_SaleOfStockDescriptionOfTransaction</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:stringItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
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<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_SaleOfStockPricePerShare">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Per share amount received by subsidiary or equity investee for each share of common stock issued or sold in the stock transaction.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_SaleOfStockPricePerShare</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>num:perShareItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_StockIssuedDuringPeriodSharesNewIssues">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Number of new stock issued during the period.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02(29))<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6877327&amp;loc=d3e13212-122682<br><br>Reference 2: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 505<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=109259400&amp;loc=d3e21463-112644<br><br>Reference 3: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 505<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.3-04)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=27012166&amp;loc=d3e187085-122770<br><br>Reference 4: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02(28))<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6877327&amp;loc=d3e13212-122682<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_StockIssuedDuringPeriodSharesNewIssues</td>
</tr>
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<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
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<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
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<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
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</tr>
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<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_StockIssuedDuringPeriodValueNewIssues">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Equity impact of the value of new stock issued during the period. Includes shares issued in an initial public offering or a secondary public offering.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 505<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.3-04)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=27012166&amp;loc=d3e187085-122770<br><br>Reference 2: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 505<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=109259400&amp;loc=d3e21463-112644<br><br>Reference 3: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02(29))<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6877327&amp;loc=d3e13212-122682<br><br>Reference 4: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02(28))<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6877327&amp;loc=d3e13212-122682<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_StockIssuedDuringPeriodValueNewIssues</td>
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<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
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<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
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</table></div>
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<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_RelatedPartyTransactionAxis=abvcd_RgeneCorporationMember">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Details</a><div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_RelatedPartyTransactionAxis=abvcd_RgeneCorporationMember</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td></td>
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<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_RelatedPartyTransactionAxis=abvcd_BioFirstCorporationMember">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Details</a><div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_RelatedPartyTransactionAxis=abvcd_BioFirstCorporationMember</td>
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<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
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<span style="display: none;">v3.19.2</span><table class="report" border="0" cellspacing="2" id="idp6669938448">
<tr>
<th class="tl" colspan="1" rowspan="1"><div style="width: 200px;"><strong>Accrued Expenses (Details) - USD ($)<br></strong></div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Dec. 31, 2018</div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Dec. 31, 2017</div></th>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_PayablesAndAccrualsAbstract', window );"><strong>Payables and Accruals [Abstract]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_AccruedPayrollTaxesCurrent', window );">Accrued payroll</a></td>
<td class="nump">$ 444,400<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 110,800<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_AccruedRentCurrent', window );">Accrued rent</a></td>
<td class="nump">4,941<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_abvcd_AccruedInterestExpenseRelatedParty', window );">Accrued interest expense - related party (Note 7)</a></td>
<td class="nump">18,868<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">17,460<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_abvcd_AccruedExpenses', window );">Accrued expenses</a></td>
<td class="nump">87,240<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">42,667<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rou">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_AccruedLiabilitiesCurrentAndNoncurrent', window );">Total</a></td>
<td class="nump">$ 555,449<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 170,927<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
</table>
<div style="display: none;">
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_abvcd_AccruedExpenses">
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<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Accrued expenses.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">abvcd_AccruedExpenses</td>
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<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
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<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
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<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
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<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
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</table></div>
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<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_abvcd_AccruedInterestExpenseRelatedParty">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Accrued interest expense related party.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">abvcd_AccruedInterestExpenseRelatedParty</td>
</tr>
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<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>abvcd_</td>
</tr>
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<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
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<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
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<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
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</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_AccruedLiabilitiesCurrentAndNoncurrent">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Carrying value as of the balance sheet date of obligations incurred and payable, pertaining to costs that are statutory in nature, are incurred on contractual obligations, or accumulate over time and for which invoices have not yet been received or will not be rendered. Examples include taxes, interest, rent and utilities.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 942<br> -SubTopic 210<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.9-03.15(5))<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6876686&amp;loc=d3e534808-122878<br><br>Reference 2: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 944<br> -SubTopic 210<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.7-03.15(a))<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=119400593&amp;loc=d3e572229-122910<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_AccruedLiabilitiesCurrentAndNoncurrent</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
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<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
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<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_AccruedPayrollTaxesCurrent">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Carrying value as of the balance sheet date of obligations incurred and payable for statutory payroll taxes incurred through that date and withheld from employees pertaining to services received from them, including entity's matching share of the employees FICA taxes and contributions to the state and federal unemployment insurance programs. Used to reflect the current portion of the liabilities (due within one year or within the normal operating cycle if longer).</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02.20)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6877327&amp;loc=d3e13212-122682<br><br>Reference 2: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 8<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=118951113&amp;loc=d3e6935-107765<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
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<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Carrying value as of the balance sheet date of obligations incurred through that date and payable for contractual rent under lease arrangements. Used to reflect the current portion of the liabilities (due within one year or within the normal operating cycle if longer).</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 8<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=118951113&amp;loc=d3e6935-107765<br><br>Reference 2: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 6<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=118951113&amp;loc=d3e6911-107765<br><br>Reference 3: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02.20)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6877327&amp;loc=d3e13212-122682<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
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<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- References</a><div><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
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<span style="display: none;">v3.19.2</span><table class="report" border="0" cellspacing="2" id="idp6883975856">
<tr>
<th class="tl" colspan="1" rowspan="2"><div style="width: 200px;"><strong>Convertible Notes Payable (Details) - USD ($)<br></strong></div></th>
<th class="th" colspan="1"></th>
<th class="th" colspan="1"></th>
<th class="th" colspan="1"></th>
<th class="th" colspan="1">3 Months Ended</th>
<th class="th" colspan="1">12 Months Ended</th>
<th class="th" colspan="1"></th>
<th class="th" colspan="1"></th>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="th"><div>Aug. 25, 2018</div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Jun. 27, 2018</div></th>
<th class="th"><div>May 09, 2018</div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Mar. 31, 2019</div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Dec. 31, 2018</div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Mar. 31, 2018</div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Dec. 31, 2017</div></th>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_abvcd_ConvertibleNotesPayableTextualAbstract', window );"><strong>Convertible Notes Payable (Textual)</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_DebtInstrumentFaceAmount', window );">Aggregate principal amount</a></td>
<td class="nump">$ 250,000<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 250,000<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_DebtInstrumentIncreaseAccruedInterest', window );">Accrued convertible interest</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 11,971<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 281<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_abvcd_AccruedInterestNoncurrent', window );">Interest expense</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">43,467<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">27,467<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ShortTermDebtTypeAxis=abvcd_UnsecuredConvertiblePromissoryNoteMember', window );">Unsecured convertible promissory note [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_abvcd_ConvertibleNotesPayableTextualAbstract', window );"><strong>Convertible Notes Payable (Textual)</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_DebtInstrumentFaceAmount', window );">Aggregate principal amount</a></td>
<td class="nump">$ 250,000<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 250,000<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 300,000<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_DebtInstrumentInterestRateDuringPeriod', window );">Bears interest rate</a></td>
<td class="nump">8.00%<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">8.00%<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">8.00%<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_PaymentsToAcquireNotesReceivable', window );">Convertible promissory note received</a></td>
<td class="nump">$ 250,000<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 250,000<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 300,000<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_SaleOfStockDescriptionOfTransaction', window );">Equity offering, description</a></td>
<td class="text">The Company raises gross proceeds from the sale of its common stock of at least $5,000,000 (an "Equity Offering") then within five days of the closing for such offering, the Company must repay the outstanding amount of this Odaira Note.<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">The Company raises gross proceeds from the sale of its common stock of at least $5,000,000 (an "Equity Offering") then within five days of the closing for such offering, the Company must repay the outstanding amount of this Keypoint Note.<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">The Company raises gross proceeds from the sale of its common stock of at least $5,000,000 (an "Equity Offering") then within five days of the closing for such offering, the Company must repay the outstanding amount of this Yu and Wei Note.<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
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<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ConversionOfStockDescription', window );">Conversion price, description</a></td>
<td class="text">(i) $2.00 per share (the "Fixed Conversion Price"), subject to adjustment or (ii) 80% of the per share offering price (the "Alternative Conversion Price") of any completed equity offering of the Company in an amount exceeding $500,000 that occurs when any part of the Odaira Note is outstanding, subject to adjustments set forth in the Odaira Note. In accordance with FASB ASC 470-20, the Company recognized none of the intrinsic value of embedded beneficial conversion feature present in the Odaira Note as of March 31, 2019.<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">(i) $2.00 per share (the "Fixed Conversion Price"), subject to adjustment or (ii) 80% of the per share offering price (the "Alternative Conversion Price") of any completed equity offering of the Company in an amount exceeding $500,000 that occurs when any part of the Keypoint Note is outstanding, subject to adjustments set forth in the Keypoint Note. In accordance with FASB ASC 470-20, the Company recognized none of the intrinsic value of embedded beneficial conversion feature present in the Keypoint Note as of March 31, 2019.<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">(i) $2.00 per share (the "Fixed Conversion Price"), subject to adjustment or (ii) 80% of the per share offering price (the "Alternative Conversion Price") of any completed equity offering of the Company in an amount exceeding $500,000 that occurs when any part of the Yu and Wei Note is outstanding, subject to adjustments set forth in the Yu and Wei Note. In accordance with FASB ASC 470-20, the Company recognized none of the intrinsic value of embedded beneficial conversion feature present in the Yu and Wei Note as of March 31, 2019.<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ConvertibleDebt', window );">Convertible debenture</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">800,000<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">800,000<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_DebtInstrumentIncreaseAccruedInterest', window );">Accrued convertible interest</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">43,467<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 27,467<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_abvcd_AccruedInterestNoncurrent', window );">Interest expense</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 16,000<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 0<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
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<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Carrying value as of the balance sheet date of [accrued] interest payable on all forms of debt, including trade payables, that has been incurred and is unpaid. Used to reflect the current portion of the liabilities.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">abvcd_AccruedInterestNoncurrent</td>
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<td>credit</td>
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<tr>
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<td>instant</td>
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<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- References</a><div><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">abvcd_ConvertibleNotesPayableTextualAbstract</td>
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<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>A unique description of a noncash or part noncash stock conversion. The description would be expected to include sufficient information to provide an understanding of the nature and purpose of the conversion. Noncash is defined as transactions during a period that do not result in cash receipts or cash payments in the period. "Part noncash" refers to that portion of the transaction not resulting in cash receipts or cash payments in the period.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 230<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 5<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=98513485&amp;loc=d3e4332-108586<br><br>Reference 2: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 230<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 4<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=98513485&amp;loc=d3e4313-108586<br><br>Reference 3: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 230<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 3<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=98513485&amp;loc=d3e4304-108586<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_ConversionOfStockDescription</td>
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<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_ConvertibleDebt">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Including the current and noncurrent portions, carrying amount of debt identified as being convertible into another form of financial instrument (typically the entity's common stock) as of the balance sheet date, which originally required full repayment more than twelve months after issuance or greater than the normal operating cycle of the company.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 944<br> -SubTopic 210<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.7-03(a)(16))<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=119400593&amp;loc=d3e572229-122910<br><br>Reference 2: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02(22))<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6877327&amp;loc=d3e13212-122682<br><br>Reference 3: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 942<br> -SubTopic 210<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.9-03(16))<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6876686&amp;loc=d3e534808-122878<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_ConvertibleDebt</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
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<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
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<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Face (par) amount of debt instrument at time of issuance.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 835<br> -SubTopic 30<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=114775744&amp;loc=d3e28551-108399<br><br>Reference 2: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 835<br> -SubTopic 30<br> -Section 55<br> -Paragraph 8<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=114775985&amp;loc=d3e28878-108400<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_DebtInstrumentFaceAmount</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
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</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
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<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Increase for accrued, but unpaid interest on the debt instrument for the period.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 235<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.4-08.(f))<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=26873400&amp;loc=d3e23780-122690<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_DebtInstrumentIncreaseAccruedInterest</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
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<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
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<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
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</table>
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<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The average effective interest rate during the reporting period.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 835<br> -SubTopic 30<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=114775744&amp;loc=d3e28551-108399<br><br>Reference 2: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02.22(a)(1))<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6877327&amp;loc=d3e13212-122682<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_DebtInstrumentInterestRateDuringPeriod</td>
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<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
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<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The cash outflow to acquire an agreement for an unconditional promise by the maker to pay the entity (holder) a definite sum of money at a future date. Such amount may include accrued interest receivable in accordance with the terms of the note. The note also may contain provisions including a discount or premium, payable on demand, secured, or unsecured, interest bearing or noninterest bearing, among myriad other features and characteristics.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 230<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 13<br> -Subparagraph (a)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=118932676&amp;loc=d3e3213-108585<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_PaymentsToAcquireNotesReceivable</td>
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<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_SaleOfStockDescriptionOfTransaction">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Description of stock transaction which may include details of the offering (IPO, private placement), a description of the stock sold, percentage of subsidiary's or equity investee's stock sold, a description of the investors and whether the stock was issued in a business combination.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 810<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 1B<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=109239629&amp;loc=SL4582445-111684<br><br>Reference 2: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 810<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 23<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=108774443&amp;loc=SL4569655-111683<br><br>Reference 3: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 810<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 1A<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=109239629&amp;loc=SL4573702-111684<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_SaleOfStockDescriptionOfTransaction</td>
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<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_ShortTermDebtTypeAxis=abvcd_UnsecuredConvertiblePromissoryNoteMember">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
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<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Details</a><div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_ShortTermDebtTypeAxis=abvcd_UnsecuredConvertiblePromissoryNoteMember</td>
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<span style="display: none;">v3.19.2</span><table class="report" border="0" cellspacing="2" id="idp6805614672">
<tr>
<th class="tl" colspan="1" rowspan="1"><div style="width: 200px;"><strong>Bank Loans (Details) - USD ($)<br></strong></div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Mar. 31, 2019</div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Dec. 31, 2018</div></th>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ShortTermDebtTypeAxis=abvcd_CathayUnitedBankMember', window );">Cathay United Bank [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ShortTermBorrowings', window );">Total</a></td>
<td class="nump">$ 243,000<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 245,250<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ShortTermDebtTypeAxis=abvcd_CTBCBankMember', window );">CTBC Bank [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ShortTermBorrowings', window );">Total</a></td>
<td class="nump">648,000<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">654,000<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ShortTermDebtTypeAxis=abvcd_CathayBnakMember', window );">Cathay Bnak [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ShortTermBorrowings', window );">Total</a></td>
<td class="nump">1,000,000<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ShortTermDebtTypeAxis=abvcd_CathayUnitedLoanAgreementMember', window );">Cathay United Loan Agreement [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ShortTermBorrowings', window );">Total</a></td>
<td class="nump">$ 1,891,000<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 1,891,000<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
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<div style="display: none;">
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_ShortTermBorrowings">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Reflects the total carrying amount as of the balance sheet date of debt having initial terms less than one year or the normal operating cycle, if longer.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02(19)(a))<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6877327&amp;loc=d3e13212-122682<br><br>Reference 2: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 944<br> -SubTopic 210<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.7-03(a)(16)(a)(1))<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=119400593&amp;loc=d3e572229-122910<br><br>Reference 3: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 942<br> -SubTopic 210<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.9-03(13))<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6876686&amp;loc=d3e534808-122878<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
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<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_ShortTermBorrowings</td>
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<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Details</a><div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
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<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_ShortTermDebtTypeAxis=abvcd_CTBCBankMember</td>
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<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
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</div></td></tr>
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<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_ShortTermDebtTypeAxis=abvcd_CathayBnakMember">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Details</a><div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_ShortTermDebtTypeAxis=abvcd_CathayBnakMember</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_ShortTermDebtTypeAxis=abvcd_CathayUnitedLoanAgreementMember">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Details</a><div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_ShortTermDebtTypeAxis=abvcd_CathayUnitedLoanAgreementMember</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
</div>
</body>
</html>
</TEXT>
</DOCUMENT>
<DOCUMENT>
<TYPE>XML
<SEQUENCE>72
<FILENAME>R58.htm
<DESCRIPTION>IDEA: XBRL DOCUMENT
<TEXT>
<html>
<head>
<title></title>
<link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="report.css">
<script type="text/javascript" src="Show.js">/* Do Not Remove This Comment */</script><script type="text/javascript">
							function toggleNextSibling (e) {
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</head>
<body>
<span style="display: none;">v3.19.2</span><table class="report" border="0" cellspacing="2" id="idp6790391792">
<tr>
<th class="tl" colspan="1" rowspan="1"><div style="width: 200px;"><strong>Bank Loans (Details 1) - Cathay United Loan Agreement [Member] - USD ($)<br></strong></div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Mar. 31, 2019</div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Dec. 31, 2018</div></th>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_LongTermDebt', window );">Cathay United Bank</a></td>
<td class="nump">$ 45,076<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 55,092<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_LongTermDebtCurrent', window );">Less: current portion of long-term bank loan</a></td>
<td class="num">(39,688)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(39,835)<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_LongTermDebtNoncurrent', window );">Total</a></td>
<td class="nump">$ 5,388<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 15,257<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
</table>
<div style="display: none;">
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_LongTermDebt">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount, after unamortized (discount) premium and debt issuance costs, of long-term debt. Includes, but not limited to, notes payable, bonds payable, debentures, mortgage loans and commercial paper. Excludes capital lease obligations.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 470<br> -SubTopic 20<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 4<br> -Subparagraph (b)(3)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=109500613&amp;loc=SL6031897-161870<br><br>Reference 2: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 944<br> -SubTopic 210<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.7-03(a)(16))<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=119400593&amp;loc=d3e572229-122910<br><br>Reference 3: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 942<br> -SubTopic 210<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.9-03(16))<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6876686&amp;loc=d3e534808-122878<br><br>Reference 4: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02(22))<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6877327&amp;loc=d3e13212-122682<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_LongTermDebt</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_LongTermDebtCurrent">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount, after unamortized (discount) premium and debt issuance costs, of long-term debt, classified as current. Includes, but not limited to, notes payable, bonds payable, debentures, mortgage loans and commercial paper. Excludes capital lease obligations.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02.19,20)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6877327&amp;loc=d3e13212-122682<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_LongTermDebtCurrent</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_LongTermDebtNoncurrent">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount after unamortized (discount) premium and debt issuance costs of long-term debt classified as noncurrent and excluding amounts to be repaid within one year or the normal operating cycle, if longer. Includes, but not limited to, notes payable, bonds payable, debentures, mortgage loans and commercial paper. Excludes capital lease obligations.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02.22)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6877327&amp;loc=d3e13212-122682<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_LongTermDebtNoncurrent</td>
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<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_ShortTermDebtTypeAxis=abvcd_CathayUnitedLoanAgreementMember">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Details</a><div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_ShortTermDebtTypeAxis=abvcd_CathayUnitedLoanAgreementMember</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
</div>
</body>
</html>
</TEXT>
</DOCUMENT>
<DOCUMENT>
<TYPE>XML
<SEQUENCE>73
<FILENAME>R59.htm
<DESCRIPTION>IDEA: XBRL DOCUMENT
<TEXT>
<html>
<head>
<title></title>
<link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="report.css">
<script type="text/javascript" src="Show.js">/* Do Not Remove This Comment */</script><script type="text/javascript">
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</head>
<body>
<span style="display: none;">v3.19.2</span><table class="report" border="0" cellspacing="2" id="idp6807469648">
<tr>
<th class="tl" colspan="1" rowspan="2"><div style="width: 200px;"><strong>Bank Loans (Details Textual) - USD ($)<br></strong></div></th>
<th class="th" colspan="1"></th>
<th class="th" colspan="1"></th>
<th class="th" colspan="1"></th>
<th class="th" colspan="1"></th>
<th class="th" colspan="5">1 Months Ended</th>
<th class="th" colspan="2">3 Months Ended</th>
<th class="th" colspan="1"></th>
<th class="th" colspan="1"></th>
<th class="th" colspan="1"></th>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="th"><div>Jan. 08, 2019</div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Oct. 01, 2018</div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Sep. 06, 2017</div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Jun. 12, 2017</div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Jan. 21, 2019</div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Jan. 18, 2019</div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Jul. 19, 2017</div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Apr. 30, 2017</div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Jun. 28, 2016</div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Mar. 31, 2019</div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Mar. 31, 2018</div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Dec. 31, 2018</div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Aug. 25, 2018</div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Jun. 27, 2018</div></th>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_abvcd_BankLoansTextualAbstract', window );"><strong>Bank Loans (Textual)</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_DebtInstrumentFaceAmount', window );">Principal amount</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 250,000<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 250,000<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ShortTermDebtTypeAxis=abvcd_CathayUnitedLoanAgreementMember', window );">Cathay United Loan Agreement [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_abvcd_BankLoansTextualAbstract', window );"><strong>Bank Loans (Textual)</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_DebtInstrumentFaceAmount', window );">Principal amount</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 2,430,050<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 243,000<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 243,000<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_DebtInstrumentMaturityDate', window );">Maturity date</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">Jun. 28,  2017<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_DebtInstrumentTerm', window );">Debt instrument term</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">1 year<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">1 year<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">1 year<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_DebtInstrumentInterestRateEffectivePercentage', window );">Bears interest floating rate</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">1.15%<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">2.22%<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">2.22%<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_abvcd_DebtInstrumentDueDate', window );">Debt instrument due date</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">Sep.  06,  2019<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">Sep.  06,  2018<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_InterestAndDebtExpense', window );">Interest expenses</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 1,330<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 1,402<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ShortTermDebtTypeAxis=abvcd_CathayUnitedLoanAgreementMember', window );">Cathay United Loan Agreement [Member] | NT [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_abvcd_BankLoansTextualAbstract', window );"><strong>Bank Loans (Textual)</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_DebtInstrumentFaceAmount', window );">Principal amount</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 7,500,000<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 7,500,000<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 7,500,000<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ShortTermDebtTypeAxis=abvcd_CTBCLoanAgreementsMember', window );">CTBC Loan Agreements [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_abvcd_BankLoansTextualAbstract', window );"><strong>Bank Loans (Textual)</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_DebtInstrumentFaceAmount', window );">Principal amount</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 324,000<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 324,000<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_DebtInstrumentMaturityDate', window );">Maturity date</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">Jan. 19,  2018<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">Jul. 18,  2019<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">Jan. 19,  2018<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_DebtInstrumentTerm', window );">Debt instrument term</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">1 year<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">1 year<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_DebtInstrumentInterestRateEffectivePercentage', window );">Bears interest floating rate</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">1.63%<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_InterestAndDebtExpense', window );">Interest expenses</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">2,604<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">2,736<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ShortTermDebtTypeAxis=abvcd_CTBCLoanAgreementsMember', window );">CTBC Loan Agreements [Member] | NT [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_abvcd_BankLoansTextualAbstract', window );"><strong>Bank Loans (Textual)</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_DebtInstrumentFaceAmount', window );">Principal amount</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 10,000,000<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 10,000,000<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ShortTermDebtTypeAxis=abvcd_LoanAgreementMember', window );">Loan Agreement [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_abvcd_BankLoansTextualAbstract', window );"><strong>Bank Loans (Textual)</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_DebtInstrumentFaceAmount', window );">Principal amount</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 1,000,000<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_DebtInstrumentMaturityDate', window );">Maturity date</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">Jan.  01,  2020<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_InterestAndDebtExpense', window );">Interest expenses</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 9,527<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">0<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_abvcd_ReceivedLoanAmount', window );">Received loan amount</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 500,000<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_abvcd_ExceedingAmount', window );">Exceeding amount</a></td>
<td class="nump">$ 500,000<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_abvcd_RegularInterestRateDescription', window );">Regular interest rate, description</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">The Note executed in connection with the Cathay Loan Agreement bears an interest rate (the "Regular Interest Rate") equal to the sum of one percent (1%) and the prime rate as published in the Wall Street Journal (the "Index") and the accrued interest shall become payable each month from February 1, 2019. Pursuant to the Note, the Company shall pay the entire outstanding principal plus accrued unpaid interest on the Maturity Date and may prepay portion or all of the Note before the Maturity Date without penalty. If the Company defaults on the Note, the default interest rate shall become five percent (5%) plus the Regular Interest Rate.<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ShortTermDebtTypeAxis=abvcd_CathayUnitedBankMember', window );">Cathay United Bank [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_abvcd_BankLoansTextualAbstract', window );"><strong>Bank Loans (Textual)</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_DebtInstrumentMaturityDate', window );">Maturity date</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">Apr. 30,  2020<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_DebtInstrumentInterestRateEffectivePercentage', window );">Bears interest floating rate</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">2.24%<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">2.24%<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_InterestAndDebtExpense', window );">Interest expenses</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 284<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 680<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ShortTermDebtTypeAxis=abvcd_CathayUnitedBankMember', window );">Cathay United Bank [Member] | Minimum [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_abvcd_BankLoansTextualAbstract', window );"><strong>Bank Loans (Textual)</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_DebtInstrumentInterestRateEffectivePercentage', window );">Bears interest floating rate</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">0.77%<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ShortTermDebtTypeAxis=abvcd_CathayUnitedBankMember', window );">Cathay United Bank [Member] | Maximum [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_abvcd_BankLoansTextualAbstract', window );"><strong>Bank Loans (Textual)</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_DebtInstrumentInterestRateEffectivePercentage', window );">Bears interest floating rate</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">1.17%<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ShortTermDebtTypeAxis=abvcd_CathayUnitedBankMember', window );">Cathay United Bank [Member] | April 30, 2010 [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_abvcd_BankLoansTextualAbstract', window );"><strong>Bank Loans (Textual)</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_DebtInstrumentFaceAmount', window );">Principal amount</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 288,360<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_DebtInstrumentMaturityDate', window );">Maturity date</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">Apr. 30,  2017<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_DebtInstrumentTerm', window );">Debt instrument term</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">7 years<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ShortTermDebtTypeAxis=abvcd_CathayUnitedBankMember', window );">Cathay United Bank [Member] | NT [Member] | April 30, 2010 [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_abvcd_BankLoansTextualAbstract', window );"><strong>Bank Loans (Textual)</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_DebtInstrumentFaceAmount', window );">Principal amount</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 8,900,000<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
</table>
<div style="display: none;">
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_abvcd_BankLoansTextualAbstract">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- References</a><div><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">abvcd_BankLoansTextualAbstract</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>abvcd_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:stringItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_abvcd_DebtInstrumentDueDate">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Debt instrument due date.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">abvcd_DebtInstrumentDueDate</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>abvcd_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:dateItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_abvcd_ExceedingAmount">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Exceeding amount.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">abvcd_ExceedingAmount</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>abvcd_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_abvcd_ReceivedLoanAmount">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Received loan amount.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">abvcd_ReceivedLoanAmount</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>abvcd_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_abvcd_RegularInterestRateDescription">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Regular interest rate description.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">abvcd_RegularInterestRateDescription</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>abvcd_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:stringItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_DebtInstrumentFaceAmount">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Face (par) amount of debt instrument at time of issuance.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 835<br> -SubTopic 30<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=114775744&amp;loc=d3e28551-108399<br><br>Reference 2: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 835<br> -SubTopic 30<br> -Section 55<br> -Paragraph 8<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=114775985&amp;loc=d3e28878-108400<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_DebtInstrumentFaceAmount</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_DebtInstrumentInterestRateEffectivePercentage">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Effective interest rate for the funds borrowed under the debt agreement considering interest compounding and original issue discount or premium.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 470<br> -SubTopic 20<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 6<br> -Subparagraph (a)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=109500613&amp;loc=SL6036836-161870<br><br>Reference 2: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 835<br> -SubTopic 30<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=114775744&amp;loc=d3e28551-108399<br><br>Reference 3: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02.22(a)(1))<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6877327&amp;loc=d3e13212-122682<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_DebtInstrumentInterestRateEffectivePercentage</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>num:percentItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_DebtInstrumentMaturityDate">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Date when the debt instrument is scheduled to be fully repaid, in CCYY-MM-DD format.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02.22(a)(2))<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6877327&amp;loc=d3e13212-122682<br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/commonPracticeRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 820<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -Subparagraph (bbb)(2)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=117815213&amp;loc=d3e19207-110258<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_DebtInstrumentMaturityDate</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:dateItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_DebtInstrumentTerm">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Period of time between issuance and maturity of debt instrument, in PnYnMnDTnHnMnS' format, for example, 'P1Y5M13D' represents the reported fact of one year, five months, and thirteen days.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_DebtInstrumentTerm</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:durationItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_InterestAndDebtExpense">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Interest and debt related expenses associated with nonoperating financing activities of the entity.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 835<br> -SubTopic 20<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6450988&amp;loc=d3e26243-108391<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_InterestAndDebtExpense</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_ShortTermDebtTypeAxis=abvcd_CathayUnitedLoanAgreementMember">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Details</a><div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_ShortTermDebtTypeAxis=abvcd_CathayUnitedLoanAgreementMember</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_abvcd_TypeOfCurrencyNameAxis=abvcd_NTMember">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Details</a><div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">abvcd_TypeOfCurrencyNameAxis=abvcd_NTMember</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_ShortTermDebtTypeAxis=abvcd_CTBCLoanAgreementsMember">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Details</a><div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_ShortTermDebtTypeAxis=abvcd_CTBCLoanAgreementsMember</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_ShortTermDebtTypeAxis=abvcd_LoanAgreementMember">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Details</a><div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_ShortTermDebtTypeAxis=abvcd_LoanAgreementMember</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_ShortTermDebtTypeAxis=abvcd_CathayUnitedBankMember">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Details</a><div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_ShortTermDebtTypeAxis=abvcd_CathayUnitedBankMember</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_srt_RangeAxis=srt_MinimumMember">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Details</a><div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">srt_RangeAxis=srt_MinimumMember</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_srt_RangeAxis=srt_MaximumMember">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Details</a><div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">srt_RangeAxis=srt_MaximumMember</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_abvcd_ReportingDateAxis=abvcd_AprilThirtyTwoThousandTenMember">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Details</a><div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">abvcd_ReportingDateAxis=abvcd_AprilThirtyTwoThousandTenMember</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
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<DOCUMENT>
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<DESCRIPTION>IDEA: XBRL DOCUMENT
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<head>
<title></title>
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<span style="display: none;">v3.19.2</span><table class="report" border="0" cellspacing="2" id="idp6789935952">
<tr>
<th class="tl" colspan="1" rowspan="2"><div style="width: 200px;"><strong>Notes Payable (Details) - USD ($)<br></strong></div></th>
<th class="th" colspan="1"></th>
<th class="th" colspan="3">1 Months Ended</th>
<th class="th" colspan="2">3 Months Ended</th>
<th class="th" colspan="1"></th>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="th"><div>Jan. 11, 2018</div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Dec. 27, 2018</div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Mar. 27, 2018</div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Nov. 27, 2017</div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Mar. 31, 2019</div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Mar. 31, 2018</div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Sep. 26, 2018</div></th>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_abvcd_NotesPayableTextualAbstract', window );"><strong>Notes Payable (Textual)</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_InterestExpenseOther', window );">Interest expenses</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 5,085<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 1,807<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_RelatedPartyTransactionAxis=abvcd_TaiwaneseMember', window );">Taiwanese [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_abvcd_NotesPayableTextualAbstract', window );"><strong>Notes Payable (Textual)</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_abvcd_PromissoryNoteDescription', window );">Promissory note, Description</a></td>
<td class="text">The principal and accrued interest totaling NT$6,090,000, equivalent to $199,143, has been paid in full.<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">Entered into a promissory note for borrowing an aggregate amount of NT$6,000,000, equivalent to $196,200, for the period from November 27, 2017 to January 11, 2018. The principal of promissory note bears interest at 12% per annum. This promissory note is secured by 700,000 Common Stock shares of ABVC and is also personal guaranteed by the Company's chairman.<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_DebtInstrumentInterestRateStatedPercentage', window );">Interest</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">12.00%<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_RelatedPartyTransactionAxis=abvcd_HsuAndChowPromissoryNoteMember', window );">Hsu and Chow Promissory Note [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_abvcd_NotesPayableTextualAbstract', window );"><strong>Notes Payable (Textual)</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_abvcd_PromissoryNoteDescription', window );">Promissory note, Description</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">BioLite Taiwan and two individuals entered into a promissory note, (the "Hsu and Chow Promissory Note"), for borrowing an aggregate amount of NT$4,660,000, equivalent to $152,382, for the period from March 27, 2018 to June 26, 2018.<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_DebtInstrumentInterestRateStatedPercentage', window );">Interest</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">13.6224%<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_RelatedPartyTransactionAxis=abvcd_BioLiteTaiwanMember', window );">BioLite Taiwan [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_abvcd_NotesPayableTextualAbstract', window );"><strong>Notes Payable (Textual)</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_abvcd_PromissoryNoteDescription', window );">Promissory note, Description</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">Issued a promissory note of NT$450,000, equivalent to $14,715, to Taipei Veterans General Hospital to repay the clinical experiment costs. The note has been paid in full on January 2, 2019.<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_InterestExpenseOther', window );">Interest expenses</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 10,768<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 8,834<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_abvcd_UnsecuredLoanAgreementsDescription', window );">Unsecured loan agreements, Description</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">Entered various unsecured loan agreements bearing interest at fixed rates between 12% and 13.6224% per annum with three individuals to advance in aggregate of NT$10,750,000, equivalent to $348,300, for working capital purpose. The term of the loan varies from one month to three months with various maturity dates through May 25, 2018.<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
</table>
<div style="display: none;">
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_abvcd_NotesPayableTextualAbstract">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- References</a><div><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">abvcd_NotesPayableTextualAbstract</td>
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<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
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<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
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<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
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<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_abvcd_PromissoryNoteDescription">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Description of promissory note.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">abvcd_PromissoryNoteDescription</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>abvcd_</td>
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<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:stringItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
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<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
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<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_abvcd_UnsecuredLoanAgreementsDescription">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Description of unsecured loan agreements.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">abvcd_UnsecuredLoanAgreementsDescription</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>abvcd_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:stringItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
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<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
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<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_DebtInstrumentInterestRateStatedPercentage">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Contractual interest rate for funds borrowed, under the debt agreement.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02.22(a)(1))<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6877327&amp;loc=d3e13212-122682<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_DebtInstrumentInterestRateStatedPercentage</td>
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<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
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<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>num:percentItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
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<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_InterestExpenseOther">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of interest expense classified as other.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
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<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
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<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_RelatedPartyTransactionAxis=abvcd_TaiwaneseMember">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Details</a><div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_RelatedPartyTransactionAxis=abvcd_TaiwaneseMember</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
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<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Details</a><div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_RelatedPartyTransactionAxis=abvcd_HsuAndChowPromissoryNoteMember</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td></td>
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<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
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<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
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<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
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</div></td></tr>
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<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_RelatedPartyTransactionAxis=abvcd_BioLiteTaiwanMember">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Details</a><div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_RelatedPartyTransactionAxis=abvcd_BioLiteTaiwanMember</td>
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<tr>
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<html>
<head>
<title></title>
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<span style="display: none;">v3.19.2</span><table class="report" border="0" cellspacing="2" id="idp6790897216">
<tr>
<th class="tl" colspan="1" rowspan="2"><div style="width: 200px;"><strong>Related Parties Transactions (Details)<br></strong></div></th>
<th class="th" colspan="1">3 Months Ended</th>
<th class="th" colspan="1">12 Months Ended</th>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="th"><div>Mar. 31, 2019</div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Dec. 31, 2018</div></th>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_RelatedPartyTransactionAxis=abvcd_BioFirstCorporationMember', window );">BioFirst Corporation (the "BioFirst") [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_abvcd_RelatedPartyTransactionDescriptionOfTransactions', window );">Relationship with the Company and its subsidiaries, description</a></td>
<td class="text">Entity controlled by controlling beneficiary shareholder of Yuangene<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">Entity controlled by controlling beneficiary shareholder of YuanGene<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_RelatedPartyTransactionAxis=abvcd_BioFirstAustraliaMember', window );">BioFirst (Australia) Pty Ltd. (the "BioFirst (Australia)") [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_abvcd_RelatedPartyTransactionDescriptionOfTransactions', window );">Relationship with the Company and its subsidiaries, description</a></td>
<td class="text">100% owned by BioFirst; Entity controlled by controlling beneficiary shareholder of YuanGene<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">100% owned by BioFirst; Entity controlled by controlling beneficiary shareholder of YuanGene<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_RelatedPartyTransactionAxis=abvcd_LionArtsPromotionIncMember', window );">Lion Arts Promotion Inc. (the "LION") [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_abvcd_RelatedPartyTransactionDescriptionOfTransactions', window );">Relationship with the Company and its subsidiaries, description</a></td>
<td class="text">Controlling shareholder of BioLite Inc.<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_RelatedPartyTransactionAxis=abvcd_LionGeneCorporationMember', window );">LionGene Corporation (the "LionGene") [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_abvcd_RelatedPartyTransactionDescriptionOfTransactions', window );">Relationship with the Company and its subsidiaries, description</a></td>
<td class="text">Shareholder of the Company; entity controlled by controlling beneficiary shareholder of YuanGene<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">Shareholder of the Company; entity controlled by controlling beneficiary shareholder of YuanGene<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_RelatedPartyTransactionAxis=abvcd_RgeneCorporationMember', window );">Rgene Corporation (the "Rgene") [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_abvcd_RelatedPartyTransactionDescriptionOfTransactions', window );">Relationship with the Company and its subsidiaries, description</a></td>
<td class="text">Shareholder of the Company; entity controlled by controlling beneficiary shareholder of Yuangene<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">Shareholder of the Company; entity controlled by controlling beneficiary shareholder of YuanGene<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_RelatedPartyTransactionAxis=abvcd_YuangeneCorporationMember', window );">Yuangene Corporation (the "Yuangene") [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_abvcd_RelatedPartyTransactionDescriptionOfTransactions', window );">Relationship with the Company and its subsidiaries, description</a></td>
<td class="text">Controlling beneficiary shareholder of the Company<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">Controlling beneficiary shareholder of the Company<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_RelatedPartyTransactionAxis=abvcd_AsiangeneCorporationMember', window );">AsianGene Corporation (the "AsianGene") [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_abvcd_RelatedPartyTransactionDescriptionOfTransactions', window );">Relationship with the Company and its subsidiaries, description</a></td>
<td class="text">Shareholder; entity controlled by controlling beneficiary shareholder of Yuangene<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_RelatedPartyTransactionAxis=abvcd_KeypointTechnologyMember', window );">Keypoint Technology Ltd. (the "Keypoint') [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_abvcd_RelatedPartyTransactionDescriptionOfTransactions', window );">Relationship with the Company and its subsidiaries, description</a></td>
<td class="text">The Chairman of Keypoint is Eugene Jiang's mother.<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">The Chairman of Keypoint is Eugene Jiang&#8217;s mother.<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_RelatedPartyTransactionAxis=abvcd_YoshinobuOdairaMember', window );">Yoshinobu Odaira (the "Odaira") [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_abvcd_RelatedPartyTransactionDescriptionOfTransactions', window );">Relationship with the Company and its subsidiaries, description</a></td>
<td class="text">Director of the Company<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">Director of the Company<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_RelatedPartyTransactionAxis=abvcd_GenePharmIncMember', window );">GenePharm Inc. (the "GenePharm") [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_abvcd_RelatedPartyTransactionDescriptionOfTransactions', window );">Relationship with the Company and its subsidiaries, description</a></td>
<td class="text">Mr. George Lee, the Director and Chairman of Biokey, is the Chairman of Genepharm.<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_RelatedPartyTransactionAxis=abvcd_MrTsungShannJiangMsShuLingJiangAndMrEugeneJiangMember', window );">Mr. Tsung-Shann Jiang, Ms. Shu-Ling Jiang and Mr. Eugene Jiang (the "Jiangs")</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_abvcd_RelatedPartyTransactionDescriptionOfTransactions', window );">Relationship with the Company and its subsidiaries, description</a></td>
<td class="text">Mr. Tsung-Shann Jiang, the controlling beneficiary shareholder of the Company and Rgene, the chairman and CEO of the BioLite Inc. and the President and a member of board of directors of BioFirst,<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_RelatedPartyTransactionAxis=abvcd_BioliteIncMember', window );">BioLite, Inc., [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_abvcd_RelatedPartyTransactionDescriptionOfTransactions', window );">Relationship with the Company and its subsidiaries, description</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">Shareholder of the Company; entity controlled by controlling beneficiary shareholder of YuanGene<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_RelatedPartyTransactionAxis=abvcd_EugeneJiangMember', window );">Eugene Jiang [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_abvcd_RelatedPartyTransactionDescriptionOfTransactions', window );">Relationship with the Company and its subsidiaries, description</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">Former President and Chairman<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_RelatedPartyTransactionAxis=abvcd_EuroAsiaInvestmentAndFinanceCorpLtdMember', window );">Euro-Asia Investment &amp; Finance Corp Ltd. (the "Euro-Asia") [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_abvcd_RelatedPartyTransactionDescriptionOfTransactions', window );">Relationship with the Company and its subsidiaries, description</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">Shareholder of the Company<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_RelatedPartyTransactionAxis=abvcd_KimhoConsultantsCoLtdMember', window );">Kimho Consultants Co., Ltd. (the "Kimho") [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_abvcd_RelatedPartyTransactionDescriptionOfTransactions', window );">Relationship with the Company and its subsidiaries, description</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">Shareholder of the Company<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_RelatedPartyTransactionAxis=abvcd_BioKeyIncMember', window );">BioKey Inc[Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_abvcd_RelatedPartyTransactionDescriptionOfTransactions', window );">Relationship with the Company and its subsidiaries, description</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">One of wholly-owned subsidiaries of ABVC upon closing of the Mergers on February 8, 2019<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
</table>
<div style="display: none;">
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_abvcd_RelatedPartyTransactionDescriptionOfTransactions">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>It represents related party descriptions.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">abvcd_RelatedPartyTransactionDescriptionOfTransactions</td>
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<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
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<tr>
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<td>xbrli:stringItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_RelatedPartyTransactionAxis=abvcd_BioFirstCorporationMember">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Details</a><div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_RelatedPartyTransactionAxis=abvcd_BioFirstCorporationMember</td>
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<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_RelatedPartyTransactionAxis=abvcd_BioFirstAustraliaMember">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Details</a><div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_RelatedPartyTransactionAxis=abvcd_BioFirstAustraliaMember</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td></td>
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<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
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<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
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<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_RelatedPartyTransactionAxis=abvcd_LionArtsPromotionIncMember">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Details</a><div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_RelatedPartyTransactionAxis=abvcd_LionArtsPromotionIncMember</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_RelatedPartyTransactionAxis=abvcd_LionGeneCorporationMember">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Details</a><div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_RelatedPartyTransactionAxis=abvcd_LionGeneCorporationMember</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_RelatedPartyTransactionAxis=abvcd_RgeneCorporationMember">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Details</a><div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_RelatedPartyTransactionAxis=abvcd_RgeneCorporationMember</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td></td>
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<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
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<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
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<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
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</div></td></tr>
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<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_RelatedPartyTransactionAxis=abvcd_YuangeneCorporationMember">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Details</a><div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_RelatedPartyTransactionAxis=abvcd_YuangeneCorporationMember</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_RelatedPartyTransactionAxis=abvcd_AsiangeneCorporationMember">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Details</a><div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_RelatedPartyTransactionAxis=abvcd_AsiangeneCorporationMember</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_RelatedPartyTransactionAxis=abvcd_KeypointTechnologyMember">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Details</a><div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_RelatedPartyTransactionAxis=abvcd_KeypointTechnologyMember</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_RelatedPartyTransactionAxis=abvcd_YoshinobuOdairaMember">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Details</a><div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_RelatedPartyTransactionAxis=abvcd_YoshinobuOdairaMember</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_RelatedPartyTransactionAxis=abvcd_GenePharmIncMember">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Details</a><div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_RelatedPartyTransactionAxis=abvcd_GenePharmIncMember</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_RelatedPartyTransactionAxis=abvcd_MrTsungShannJiangMsShuLingJiangAndMrEugeneJiangMember">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Details</a><div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_RelatedPartyTransactionAxis=abvcd_MrTsungShannJiangMsShuLingJiangAndMrEugeneJiangMember</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_RelatedPartyTransactionAxis=abvcd_BioliteIncMember">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Details</a><div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_RelatedPartyTransactionAxis=abvcd_BioliteIncMember</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_RelatedPartyTransactionAxis=abvcd_EugeneJiangMember">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Details</a><div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_RelatedPartyTransactionAxis=abvcd_EugeneJiangMember</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_RelatedPartyTransactionAxis=abvcd_EuroAsiaInvestmentAndFinanceCorpLtdMember">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Details</a><div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_RelatedPartyTransactionAxis=abvcd_EuroAsiaInvestmentAndFinanceCorpLtdMember</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_RelatedPartyTransactionAxis=abvcd_KimhoConsultantsCoLtdMember">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Details</a><div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_RelatedPartyTransactionAxis=abvcd_KimhoConsultantsCoLtdMember</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_RelatedPartyTransactionAxis=abvcd_BioKeyIncMember">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Details</a><div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_RelatedPartyTransactionAxis=abvcd_BioKeyIncMember</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
</div>
</body>
</html>
</TEXT>
</DOCUMENT>
<DOCUMENT>
<TYPE>XML
<SEQUENCE>76
<FILENAME>R62.htm
<DESCRIPTION>IDEA: XBRL DOCUMENT
<TEXT>
<html>
<head>
<title></title>
<link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="report.css">
<script type="text/javascript" src="Show.js">/* Do Not Remove This Comment */</script><script type="text/javascript">
							function toggleNextSibling (e) {
							if (e.nextSibling.style.display=='none') {
							e.nextSibling.style.display='block';
							} else { e.nextSibling.style.display='none'; }
							}</script>
</head>
<body>
<span style="display: none;">v3.19.2</span><table class="report" border="0" cellspacing="2" id="idp6638875632">
<tr>
<th class="tl" colspan="1" rowspan="1"><div style="width: 200px;"><strong>Related Parties Transactions (Details 1) - USD ($)<br></strong></div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Mar. 31, 2019</div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Dec. 31, 2018</div></th>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_AccountsReceivableRelatedPartiesCurrent', window );">Total</a></td>
<td class="nump">$ 142,265<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_RelatedPartyTransactionAxis=abvcd_GenePharmIncMember', window );">GenePharm Inc. [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_AccountsReceivableRelatedPartiesCurrent', window );">Total</a></td>
<td class="nump">$ 142,265<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
</tr>
</table>
<div style="display: none;">
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_AccountsReceivableRelatedPartiesCurrent">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of receivables arising from transactions with related parties due within one year or the normal operating cycle, if longer.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 235<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.4-08.(k)(1))<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=26873400&amp;loc=d3e23780-122690<br><br>Reference 2: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 850<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (d)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6457730&amp;loc=d3e39549-107864<br><br>Reference 3: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02.3(a)(2))<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6877327&amp;loc=d3e13212-122682<br><br>Reference 4: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 850<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 4<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6457730&amp;loc=d3e39622-107864<br><br>Reference 5: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 850<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 3<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6457730&amp;loc=d3e39603-107864<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_AccountsReceivableRelatedPartiesCurrent</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_RelatedPartyTransactionAxis=abvcd_GenePharmIncMember">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Details</a><div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_RelatedPartyTransactionAxis=abvcd_GenePharmIncMember</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
</div>
</body>
</html>
</TEXT>
</DOCUMENT>
<DOCUMENT>
<TYPE>XML
<SEQUENCE>77
<FILENAME>R63.htm
<DESCRIPTION>IDEA: XBRL DOCUMENT
<TEXT>
<html>
<head>
<title></title>
<link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="report.css">
<script type="text/javascript" src="Show.js">/* Do Not Remove This Comment */</script><script type="text/javascript">
							function toggleNextSibling (e) {
							if (e.nextSibling.style.display=='none') {
							e.nextSibling.style.display='block';
							} else { e.nextSibling.style.display='none'; }
							}</script>
</head>
<body>
<span style="display: none;">v3.19.2</span><table class="report" border="0" cellspacing="2" id="idp6784164912">
<tr>
<th class="tl" colspan="1" rowspan="1"><div style="width: 200px;"><strong>Related Parties Transactions (Details 2) - USD ($)<br></strong></div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Mar. 31, 2019</div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Dec. 31, 2018</div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Dec. 31, 2017</div></th>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_NotesReceivableRelatedPartiesCurrent', window );">Total</a></td>
<td class="nump">$ 58,225<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 59,477<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_RelatedPartyTransactionAxis=abvcd_RgeneCorporationMember', window );">Rgene Corporation [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_NotesReceivableRelatedPartiesCurrent', window );">Total</a></td>
<td class="nump">17,550<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">19,477<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_RelatedPartyTransactionAxis=abvcd_BioFirstAustraliaMember', window );">BioFirst (Australia) [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_NotesReceivableRelatedPartiesCurrent', window );">Total</a></td>
<td class="nump">$ 40,675<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 40,000<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
</tr>
</table>
<div style="display: none;">
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_NotesReceivableRelatedPartiesCurrent">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amounts due from parties associated with the reporting entity as evidenced by a written promise to pay, due within 1 year (or 1 business cycle).</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 235<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.4-08.(k)(1))<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=26873400&amp;loc=d3e23780-122690<br><br>Reference 2: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 850<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (d)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6457730&amp;loc=d3e39549-107864<br><br>Reference 3: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02.3(a)(2))<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6877327&amp;loc=d3e13212-122682<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_NotesReceivableRelatedPartiesCurrent</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_RelatedPartyTransactionAxis=abvcd_RgeneCorporationMember">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Details</a><div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_RelatedPartyTransactionAxis=abvcd_RgeneCorporationMember</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_RelatedPartyTransactionAxis=abvcd_BioFirstAustraliaMember">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Details</a><div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_RelatedPartyTransactionAxis=abvcd_BioFirstAustraliaMember</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
</div>
</body>
</html>
</TEXT>
</DOCUMENT>
<DOCUMENT>
<TYPE>XML
<SEQUENCE>78
<FILENAME>R64.htm
<DESCRIPTION>IDEA: XBRL DOCUMENT
<TEXT>
<html>
<head>
<title></title>
<link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="report.css">
<script type="text/javascript" src="Show.js">/* Do Not Remove This Comment */</script><script type="text/javascript">
							function toggleNextSibling (e) {
							if (e.nextSibling.style.display=='none') {
							e.nextSibling.style.display='block';
							} else { e.nextSibling.style.display='none'; }
							}</script>
</head>
<body>
<span style="display: none;">v3.19.2</span><table class="report" border="0" cellspacing="2" id="idp6789777664">
<tr>
<th class="tl" colspan="1" rowspan="1"><div style="width: 200px;"><strong>Related Parties Transactions (Details 3) - USD ($)<br></strong></div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Mar. 31, 2019</div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Dec. 31, 2018</div></th>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_DueToRelatedPartiesCurrent', window );">Total</a></td>
<td class="nump">$ 7,594,784<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 7,745,096<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_RelatedPartyTransactionAxis=abvcd_LionArtsPromotionIncMember', window );">Lion Arts Promotion Inc. [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_DueToRelatedPartiesCurrent', window );">Total</a></td>
<td class="nump">64,964<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">65,495<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_RelatedPartyTransactionAxis=abvcd_LionGeneCorporationMember', window );">LionGene Corporation [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_DueToRelatedPartiesCurrent', window );">Total</a></td>
<td class="nump">430,940<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">458,348<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_RelatedPartyTransactionAxis=abvcd_BioFirstCorporationMember', window );">BioFirst Corporation [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_DueToRelatedPartiesCurrent', window );">Total</a></td>
<td class="nump">6,248,105<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">6,428,643<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_RelatedPartyTransactionAxis=abvcd_AsiangeneCorporationMember', window );">AsianGene Corporation [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_DueToRelatedPartiesCurrent', window );">Total</a></td>
<td class="nump">160,000<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">160,000<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_RelatedPartyTransactionAxis=abvcd_YuangeneCorporationMember', window );">YuanGene Corporation [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_DueToRelatedPartiesCurrent', window );">Total</a></td>
<td class="nump">92,690<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">92,960<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_RelatedPartyTransactionAxis=abvcd_TheJiangsMember', window );">The Jiangs [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_DueToRelatedPartiesCurrent', window );">Total</a></td>
<td class="nump">$ 598,085<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 539,920<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
</table>
<div style="display: none;">
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_DueToRelatedPartiesCurrent">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Carrying amount as of the balance sheet date of obligations due all related parties. For classified balance sheets, represents the current portion of such liabilities (due within one year or within the normal operating cycle if longer).</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 235<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.4-08.(k)(1))<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=26873400&amp;loc=d3e23780-122690<br><br>Reference 2: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 850<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (d)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6457730&amp;loc=d3e39549-107864<br><br>Reference 3: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02.19(a))<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6877327&amp;loc=d3e13212-122682<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_DueToRelatedPartiesCurrent</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_RelatedPartyTransactionAxis=abvcd_LionArtsPromotionIncMember">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Details</a><div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_RelatedPartyTransactionAxis=abvcd_LionArtsPromotionIncMember</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_RelatedPartyTransactionAxis=abvcd_LionGeneCorporationMember">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Details</a><div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_RelatedPartyTransactionAxis=abvcd_LionGeneCorporationMember</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_RelatedPartyTransactionAxis=abvcd_BioFirstCorporationMember">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Details</a><div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_RelatedPartyTransactionAxis=abvcd_BioFirstCorporationMember</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_RelatedPartyTransactionAxis=abvcd_AsiangeneCorporationMember">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Details</a><div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_RelatedPartyTransactionAxis=abvcd_AsiangeneCorporationMember</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_RelatedPartyTransactionAxis=abvcd_YuangeneCorporationMember">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Details</a><div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_RelatedPartyTransactionAxis=abvcd_YuangeneCorporationMember</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_RelatedPartyTransactionAxis=abvcd_TheJiangsMember">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Details</a><div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_RelatedPartyTransactionAxis=abvcd_TheJiangsMember</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
</div>
</body>
</html>
</TEXT>
</DOCUMENT>
<DOCUMENT>
<TYPE>XML
<SEQUENCE>79
<FILENAME>R65.htm
<DESCRIPTION>IDEA: XBRL DOCUMENT
<TEXT>
<html>
<head>
<title></title>
<link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="report.css">
<script type="text/javascript" src="Show.js">/* Do Not Remove This Comment */</script><script type="text/javascript">
							function toggleNextSibling (e) {
							if (e.nextSibling.style.display=='none') {
							e.nextSibling.style.display='block';
							} else { e.nextSibling.style.display='none'; }
							}</script>
</head>
<body>
<span style="display: none;">v3.19.2</span><table class="report" border="0" cellspacing="2" id="idp6951983168">
<tr>
<th class="tl" colspan="1" rowspan="1"><div style="width: 200px;"><strong>Related Parties Transactions (Details 4) - USD ($)<br></strong></div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Mar. 31, 2019</div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Dec. 31, 2018</div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Dec. 31, 2017</div></th>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_NotesReceivableRelatedPartiesCurrent', window );">Other receivable - related parties total</a></td>
<td class="nump">$ 58,225<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 59,477<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_RelatedPartyTransactionAxis=abvcd_BioFirstAustraliaMember', window );">BioFirst (Australia) [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_NotesReceivableRelatedPartiesCurrent', window );">Other receivable - related parties total</a></td>
<td class="nump">$ 40,675<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 40,000<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
</tr>
</table>
<div style="display: none;">
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_NotesReceivableRelatedPartiesCurrent">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amounts due from parties associated with the reporting entity as evidenced by a written promise to pay, due within 1 year (or 1 business cycle).</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 235<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.4-08.(k)(1))<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=26873400&amp;loc=d3e23780-122690<br><br>Reference 2: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 850<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (d)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6457730&amp;loc=d3e39549-107864<br><br>Reference 3: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02.3(a)(2))<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6877327&amp;loc=d3e13212-122682<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_NotesReceivableRelatedPartiesCurrent</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_RelatedPartyTransactionAxis=abvcd_BioFirstAustraliaMember">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Details</a><div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_RelatedPartyTransactionAxis=abvcd_BioFirstAustraliaMember</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
</div>
</body>
</html>
</TEXT>
</DOCUMENT>
<DOCUMENT>
<TYPE>XML
<SEQUENCE>80
<FILENAME>R66.htm
<DESCRIPTION>IDEA: XBRL DOCUMENT
<TEXT>
<html>
<head>
<title></title>
<link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="report.css">
<script type="text/javascript" src="Show.js">/* Do Not Remove This Comment */</script><script type="text/javascript">
							function toggleNextSibling (e) {
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</head>
<body>
<span style="display: none;">v3.19.2</span><table class="report" border="0" cellspacing="2" id="idp6807573216">
<tr>
<th class="tl" colspan="1" rowspan="1"><div style="width: 200px;"><strong>Related Parties Transactions (Details 5) - USD ($)<br></strong></div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Mar. 31, 2019</div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Dec. 31, 2018</div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Dec. 31, 2017</div></th>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_DueToRelatedPartiesCurrentAndNoncurrent', window );">Due to related parties</a></td>
<td class="nump">$ 7,594,784<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 7,745,096<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 4,229,320<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_RelatedPartyTransactionAxis=abvcd_BioliteIncMember', window );">BioLite, Inc., [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_DueToRelatedPartiesCurrentAndNoncurrent', window );">Due to related parties</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">58,684<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">109,220<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_RelatedPartyTransactionAxis=abvcd_BioFirstCorporationMember', window );">BioFirst Corporation [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_DueToRelatedPartiesCurrentAndNoncurrent', window );">Due to related parties</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">4,151,301<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">3,957,000<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_RelatedPartyTransactionAxis=abvcd_AsiangeneCorporationMember', window );">AsianGene Corporation [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_DueToRelatedPartiesCurrentAndNoncurrent', window );">Due to related parties</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">160,000<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">160,000<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_RelatedPartyTransactionAxis=abvcd_YuangeneCorporationMember', window );">YuanGene Corporation [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_DueToRelatedPartiesCurrentAndNoncurrent', window );">Due to related parties</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">92,690<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">3,000<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_RelatedPartyTransactionAxis=abvcd_EugeneJiangMember', window );">Eugene Jiang [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_DueToRelatedPartiesCurrentAndNoncurrent', window );">Due to related parties</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 100<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 100<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
</table>
<div style="display: none;">
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_DueToRelatedPartiesCurrentAndNoncurrent">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Carrying amount as of the balance sheet date of obligations due all related parties.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 235<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.4-08.(k)(1))<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=26873400&amp;loc=d3e23780-122690<br><br>Reference 2: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 944<br> -SubTopic 210<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.7-03.17)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=119400593&amp;loc=d3e572229-122910<br><br>Reference 3: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 850<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (d)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6457730&amp;loc=d3e39549-107864<br><br>Reference 4: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 942<br> -SubTopic 210<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.9-03.15(3),(4))<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6876686&amp;loc=d3e534808-122878<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_DueToRelatedPartiesCurrentAndNoncurrent</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_RelatedPartyTransactionAxis=abvcd_BioliteIncMember">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Details</a><div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_RelatedPartyTransactionAxis=abvcd_BioliteIncMember</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_RelatedPartyTransactionAxis=abvcd_BioFirstCorporationMember">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Details</a><div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_RelatedPartyTransactionAxis=abvcd_BioFirstCorporationMember</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_RelatedPartyTransactionAxis=abvcd_AsiangeneCorporationMember">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Details</a><div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_RelatedPartyTransactionAxis=abvcd_AsiangeneCorporationMember</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_RelatedPartyTransactionAxis=abvcd_YuangeneCorporationMember">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Details</a><div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_RelatedPartyTransactionAxis=abvcd_YuangeneCorporationMember</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_RelatedPartyTransactionAxis=abvcd_EugeneJiangMember">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Details</a><div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_RelatedPartyTransactionAxis=abvcd_EugeneJiangMember</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
</div>
</body>
</html>
</TEXT>
</DOCUMENT>
<DOCUMENT>
<TYPE>XML
<SEQUENCE>81
<FILENAME>R67.htm
<DESCRIPTION>IDEA: XBRL DOCUMENT
<TEXT>
<html>
<head>
<title></title>
<link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="report.css">
<script type="text/javascript" src="Show.js">/* Do Not Remove This Comment */</script><script type="text/javascript">
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</head>
<body>
<span style="display: none;">v3.19.2</span><table class="report" border="0" cellspacing="2" id="idp6891998704">
<tr>
<th class="tl" colspan="1" rowspan="2"><div style="width: 200px;"><strong>Related Parties Transactions (Details Textual) - USD ($)<br></strong></div></th>
<th class="th" colspan="1"></th>
<th class="th" colspan="1"></th>
<th class="th" colspan="1"></th>
<th class="th" colspan="8">1 Months Ended</th>
<th class="th" colspan="2">3 Months Ended</th>
<th class="th" colspan="2">12 Months Ended</th>
<th class="th" colspan="1"></th>
<th class="th" colspan="1"></th>
<th class="th" colspan="1"></th>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="th"><div>Oct. 02, 2018</div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Apr. 12, 2017</div></th>
<th class="th"><div>May 06, 2016</div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Feb. 02, 2019</div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Nov. 29, 2018</div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Jun. 27, 2018</div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Jan. 18, 2018</div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Sep. 30, 2017</div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Sep. 28, 2017</div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Jul. 24, 2017</div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Jan. 26, 2017</div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Mar. 31, 2019</div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Mar. 31, 2018</div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Dec. 31, 2018</div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Dec. 31, 2017</div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Aug. 25, 2018</div></th>
<th class="th"><div>May 09, 2018</div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Sep. 25, 2017</div></th>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_abvcd_RelatedPartiesTransactionsTextualAbstract', window );"><strong>Related Parties Transactions (Textual)</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_DueToRelatedPartiesCurrentAndNoncurrent', window );">Amount received from BriVision</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 7,594,784<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 7,745,096<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 4,229,320<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ShorttermDebtAverageOutstandingAmount', window );">Outstanding loan</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">233,000<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">692,980<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_DebtInstrumentIncreaseAccruedInterest', window );">Accrued interest</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">11,971<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">281<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_InterestExpense', window );">Interest expenses</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">129,886<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 106,854<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">155,930<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">103,460<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_StockIssuedDuringPeriodValueNewIssues', window );">Common stock new issues</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">694,219<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">80,000<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">80,000<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">5,850,000<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_AdditionalPaidInCapital', window );">Additional paid-in capital</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">15,680,674<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">14,983,714<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">13,805,936<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_LeaseAndRentalExpense', window );">Rent expenses</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">0<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_RelatedPartyTransactionDescriptionOfTransaction', window );">Related party transactions, description</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">Pursuant to the Investment and Equity Transfer Agreement, Everfront agreed to purchase 2,000,000 common shares of the Company owned by AsianGene at $1.60 per share in a total amount of $3,200,000, of which $160,000 is due before September 15, 2017 and the remaining amount of $3,040,000 is due before December 15, 2017. AsianGene also agreed to loan the proceeds to the Company for working capital purpose.<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_DebtInstrumentFaceAmount', window );">Aggregate principal amount</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 250,000<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 250,000<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_RelatedPartyTransactionsByRelatedPartyAxis=abvcd_YuangeneCorporationMember', window );">Yuangene Corporation [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_abvcd_RelatedPartiesTransactionsTextualAbstract', window );"><strong>Related Parties Transactions (Textual)</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ShorttermDebtAverageOutstandingAmount', window );">Outstanding loan</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 926,395<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_RelatedPartyTransactionDescriptionOfTransaction', window );">Related party transactions, description</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">The advances bear 0% interest rate and are due on demand.<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ShortTermDebtTypeAxis=abvcd_UnsecuredConvertiblePromissoryNoteMember', window );">Unsecured convertible promissory note [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_abvcd_RelatedPartiesTransactionsTextualAbstract', window );"><strong>Related Parties Transactions (Textual)</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_DebtInstrumentIncreaseAccruedInterest', window );">Accrued interest</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 43,467<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">27,467<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_DebtInstrumentFaceAmount', window );">Aggregate principal amount</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">250,000<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 250,000<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 300,000<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_srt_TitleOfIndividualAxis=srt_BoardOfDirectorsChairmanMember', window );">Chairman [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_abvcd_RelatedPartiesTransactionsTextualAbstract', window );"><strong>Related Parties Transactions (Textual)</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ShorttermDebtAverageOutstandingAmount', window );">Outstanding loan</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">157,140<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_DebtInstrumentIncreaseAccruedInterest', window );">Accrued interest</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 10,454<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_abvcd_AggregateWorkingcapital', window );">Aggregate working capital</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 100<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_RelatedPartyTransactionRate', window );">Interest rate percentage</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">0.00%<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_RelatedPartyTransactionDescriptionOfTransaction', window );">Related party transactions, description</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">The advances bears interest at 1% per month (or equivalent to 12% per annum) and are due on demand.<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_TypeOfArrangementAxis=us-gaap_CollaborativeArrangementMember', window );">Collaborative Arrangement [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_abvcd_RelatedPartiesTransactionsTextualAbstract', window );"><strong>Related Parties Transactions (Textual)</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_DueToRelatedPartiesCurrentAndNoncurrent', window );">Amount received from BriVision</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 100,000,000<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">100,000,000<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_RelatedPartyTransactionRate', window );">Interest rate percentage</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">0.00%<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseInPrepaidExpense', window );">Outstanding advance</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 517,949<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_StockIssuedDuringPeriodValueNewIssues', window );">Common stock new issues</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 900,000<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 3,000,000<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_RelatedPartyTransactionDueFromToRelatedParty', window );">Due to BioFirst</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 3,000,000<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_RelatedPartyTransactionAxis=abvcd_LoanAgreementMember', window );">Loan Agreement [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_abvcd_RelatedPartiesTransactionsTextualAbstract', window );"><strong>Related Parties Transactions (Textual)</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_OtherCommitment', window );">Total commitment</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 693,000<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 950,000<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_DebtInstrumentMaturityDate', window );">Loan maturity date</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">Feb.  01,  2020<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">Feb.  01,  2018<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_DebtInstrumentInterestRateTerms', window );">Loan agreement, description</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">BioLite Taiwan and BioFirst entered into three loan agreements for a total amount of NTD$27,800,000, equivalent to $900,720, to meet its working capital needs. Under the terms of the loan agreements, the loans bear interest at 1% per month (or equivalent to 12% per annum). BioLite Taiwan repaid NTD$7,500,000, equivalent to $243,000, of the loan in 2018. The remaining balance was NTD$20,300,000, equivalent to $657,720 with the interest rate and term remain unchanged. The three loans will be matured on September 27, 2019, October 30, 2019, and November 12, 2019, respectively.<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">The loan agreement, the loan bears interest at 1% per month (or equivalent to 12% per annum) and the Company is required to pay interest monthly to the lender.<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ShorttermDebtAverageOutstandingAmount', window );">Outstanding loan</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">657,720<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">663,810<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_DebtInstrumentIncreaseAccruedInterest', window );">Accrued interest</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">146,274<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">127,976<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_InterestExpense', window );">Interest expenses</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">19,472<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">28,500<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_RelatedPartyTransactionAxis=abvcd_LoanAgreementMember', window );">Loan Agreement [Member] | BriVision and BioFirst Agreement [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_abvcd_RelatedPartiesTransactionsTextualAbstract', window );"><strong>Related Parties Transactions (Textual)</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_InterestExpense', window );">Interest expenses</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">11,710<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">9,500<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_RelatedPartyTransactionAxis=abvcd_AsiangeneCorporationMember', window );">Asiangene Corporation [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_abvcd_RelatedPartiesTransactionsTextualAbstract', window );"><strong>Related Parties Transactions (Textual)</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_DueToRelatedPartiesCurrentAndNoncurrent', window );">Amount received from BriVision</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">160,000<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 160,000<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ShorttermDebtAverageOutstandingAmount', window );">Outstanding loan</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">160,000<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">160,000<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_DebtInstrumentIncreaseAccruedInterest', window );">Accrued interest</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">17,600<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">12,866<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_InterestExpense', window );">Interest expenses</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 4,734<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">3,945<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">18,411<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_RelatedPartyTransactionRate', window );">Interest rate percentage</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">0.00%<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_RelatedPartyTransactionAxis=abvcd_YuangeneCorporationMember', window );">Yuangene Corporation [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_abvcd_RelatedPartiesTransactionsTextualAbstract', window );"><strong>Related Parties Transactions (Textual)</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_DueToRelatedPartiesCurrentAndNoncurrent', window );">Amount received from BriVision</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">92,690<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">3,000<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ShorttermDebtAverageOutstandingAmount', window );">Outstanding loan</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 50,000<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">50,000<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_DebtInstrumentIncreaseAccruedInterest', window );">Accrued interest</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">7,200<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">5,721<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_InterestExpense', window );">Interest expenses</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">1,479<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">1,200<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">5,721<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_abvcd_AggregateWorkingcapital', window );">Aggregate working capital</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 50,000<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 42,690<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 42,690<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_RelatedPartyTransactionRate', window );">Interest rate percentage</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">0.00%<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">0.00%<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_AdditionalPaidInCapital', window );">Additional paid-in capital</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 70,000<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_RelatedPartyTransactionDescriptionOfTransaction', window );">Related party transactions, description</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">Under the terms of the loan agreement, the loan bears interest at 1% per month (or equivalent to 12% per annum) and the Company is required to pay interest monthly to the lender. The maturity date of this loan is January 19, 2019.<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_RelatedPartyTransactionAxis=abvcd_KeypointTechnologyMember', window );">Keypoint Technology Ltd [Member] | Unsecured convertible promissory note [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_abvcd_RelatedPartiesTransactionsTextualAbstract', window );"><strong>Related Parties Transactions (Textual)</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_DueToRelatedPartiesCurrentAndNoncurrent', window );">Amount received from BriVision</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 250,000<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_InterestExpense', window );">Interest expenses</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 5,000<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">0<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 10,222<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">0<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_RelatedPartyTransactionRate', window );">Interest rate percentage</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">8.00%<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_RelatedPartyTransactionAxis=abvcd_YoshinobuOdairaMember', window );">Yoshinobu Odaira [Member] | Unsecured convertible promissory note [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_abvcd_RelatedPartiesTransactionsTextualAbstract', window );"><strong>Related Parties Transactions (Textual)</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_DueToRelatedPartiesCurrentAndNoncurrent', window );">Amount received from BriVision</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 250,000<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_InterestExpense', window );">Interest expenses</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">5,000<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">0<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">1,778<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">0<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_RelatedPartyTransactionRate', window );">Interest rate percentage</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">8.00%<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_RelatedPartyTransactionAxis=abvcd_LoanAgreementOneMember', window );">Loan Agreement One [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_abvcd_RelatedPartiesTransactionsTextualAbstract', window );"><strong>Related Parties Transactions (Textual)</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_DebtInstrumentMaturityDate', window );">Loan maturity date</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">May 11,  2019<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_DebtInstrumentInterestRateTerms', window );">Loan agreement, description</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">BioLite BVI and BioFirst entered into a loan agreement for NTD$30,000,000, equivalent to $972,000 to meet its working capital needs. Under the terms of the loan agreement, the loan bears interest at 1% per month (or equivalent to 12% per annum). BioLite BVI and BioFirst extended the loan with the same interest rate and amount for one year.<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ShorttermDebtAverageOutstandingAmount', window );">Outstanding loan</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">972,000<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">981,000<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_DebtInstrumentIncreaseAccruedInterest', window );">Accrued interest</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">250,771<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">222,000<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_InterestExpense', window );">Interest expenses</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 28,771<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 29,978<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_RelatedPartyTransactionAxis=abvcd_BioFirstCorporationMember', window );">BioFirst Corporation [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_abvcd_RelatedPartiesTransactionsTextualAbstract', window );"><strong>Related Parties Transactions (Textual)</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_DueToRelatedPartiesCurrentAndNoncurrent', window );">Amount received from BriVision</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">4,151,301<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">3,957,000<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_InterestExpense', window );">Interest expenses</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">103,460<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_abvcd_AggregateWorkingcapital', window );">Aggregate working capital</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 7,000<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_RelatedPartyTransactionRate', window );">Interest rate percentage</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">0.00%<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_RelatedPartyTransactionAxis=abvcd_KimhoConsultantsCoLtdMember', window );">Kimho Consultants Co., Ltd [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_abvcd_RelatedPartiesTransactionsTextualAbstract', window );"><strong>Related Parties Transactions (Textual)</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_AllocatedShareBasedCompensationExpense', window );">Stock based compensation expenses</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 90,000<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_RelatedPartyTransactionAxis=abvcd_EuroAsiaAgreementMember', window );">Euro-Asia Agreement [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_abvcd_RelatedPartiesTransactionsTextualAbstract', window );"><strong>Related Parties Transactions (Textual)</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_AllocatedShareBasedCompensationExpense', window );">Stock based compensation expenses</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">0<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">60,000<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_RelatedPartyTransactionAxis=abvcd_LionGeneCorporationMember', window );">LionGene Corporation (the "LionGene") [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_abvcd_RelatedPartiesTransactionsTextualAbstract', window );"><strong>Related Parties Transactions (Textual)</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_abvcd_OneTimeConsultingService', window );">One-time consulting service</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">70,000<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_RelatedPartyTransactionAxis=abvcd_BioKeyMember', window );">BioKey [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_abvcd_RelatedPartiesTransactionsTextualAbstract', window );"><strong>Related Parties Transactions (Textual)</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_InterestExpense', window );">Interest expenses</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_AdditionalPaidInCapital', window );">Additional paid-in capital</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">82,265<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_PaymentsForRent', window );">Monthly base rent</a></td>
<td class="nump">$ 800<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_LeaseAndRentalExpense', window );">Rent expenses</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 2,400<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 0<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
</table>
<div style="display: none;">
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_abvcd_AggregateWorkingcapital">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Aggregate working capital.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">abvcd_AggregateWorkingcapital</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>abvcd_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_abvcd_OneTimeConsultingService">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- References</a><div><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">abvcd_OneTimeConsultingService</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>abvcd_</td>
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<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_abvcd_RelatedPartiesTransactionsTextualAbstract">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- References</a><div><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">abvcd_RelatedPartiesTransactionsTextualAbstract</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>abvcd_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:stringItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_AdditionalPaidInCapital">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Excess of issue price over par or stated value of the entity's capital stock and amounts received from other transactions involving the entity's stock or stockholders. Includes adjustments to additional paid in capital. Some examples of such adjustments include recording the issuance of debt with a beneficial conversion feature and certain tax consequences of equity instruments awarded to employees. Use this element for the aggregate amount of additional paid-in capital associated with common and preferred stock. For additional paid-in capital associated with only common stock, use the element additional paid in capital, common stock. For additional paid-in capital associated with only preferred stock, use the element additional paid in capital, preferred stock.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02(30)(a)(1))<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6877327&amp;loc=d3e13212-122682<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_AdditionalPaidInCapital</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_AllocatedShareBasedCompensationExpense">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of expense for award under share-based payment arrangement. Excludes amount capitalized.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 718<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (b)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=116856206&amp;loc=d3e5047-113901<br><br>Reference 2: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 718<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SAB Topic 14.F)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=115993241&amp;loc=d3e301413-122809<br><br>Reference 3: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 718<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -Subparagraph (h)(1)(i)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=116856206&amp;loc=d3e5070-113901<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_AllocatedShareBasedCompensationExpense</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_DebtInstrumentFaceAmount">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Face (par) amount of debt instrument at time of issuance.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 835<br> -SubTopic 30<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=114775744&amp;loc=d3e28551-108399<br><br>Reference 2: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 835<br> -SubTopic 30<br> -Section 55<br> -Paragraph 8<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=114775985&amp;loc=d3e28878-108400<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_DebtInstrumentFaceAmount</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
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<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_DebtInstrumentIncreaseAccruedInterest">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Increase for accrued, but unpaid interest on the debt instrument for the period.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 235<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.4-08.(f))<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=26873400&amp;loc=d3e23780-122690<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_DebtInstrumentIncreaseAccruedInterest</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_DebtInstrumentInterestRateTerms">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Description of the interest rate as being fixed or variable, and, if variable, identification of the index or rate on which the interest rate is based and the number of points or percentage added to that index or rate to set the rate, and other pertinent information, such as frequency of rate resets.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02.22(a)(1))<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6877327&amp;loc=d3e13212-122682<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_DebtInstrumentInterestRateTerms</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
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<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:stringItemType</td>
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<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_DebtInstrumentMaturityDate">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Date when the debt instrument is scheduled to be fully repaid, in CCYY-MM-DD format.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02.22(a)(2))<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6877327&amp;loc=d3e13212-122682<br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/commonPracticeRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 820<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -Subparagraph (bbb)(2)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=117815213&amp;loc=d3e19207-110258<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_DebtInstrumentMaturityDate</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:dateItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_DueToRelatedPartiesCurrentAndNoncurrent">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Carrying amount as of the balance sheet date of obligations due all related parties.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 235<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.4-08.(k)(1))<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=26873400&amp;loc=d3e23780-122690<br><br>Reference 2: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 944<br> -SubTopic 210<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.7-03.17)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=119400593&amp;loc=d3e572229-122910<br><br>Reference 3: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 850<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (d)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6457730&amp;loc=d3e39549-107864<br><br>Reference 4: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 942<br> -SubTopic 210<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.9-03.15(3),(4))<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6876686&amp;loc=d3e534808-122878<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_DueToRelatedPartiesCurrentAndNoncurrent</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseInPrepaidExpense">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The increase (decrease) during the reporting period in the amount of outstanding money paid in advance for goods or services that bring economic benefits for future periods.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 230<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 28<br> -Subparagraph (a)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=118932676&amp;loc=d3e3602-108585<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseInPrepaidExpense</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_InterestExpense">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of the cost of borrowed funds accounted for as interest expense.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 835<br> -SubTopic 20<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (a)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6450988&amp;loc=d3e26243-108391<br><br>Reference 2: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 835<br> -SubTopic 30<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 3<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=114775744&amp;loc=d3e28555-108399<br><br>Reference 3: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 280<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 22<br> -Subparagraph (d)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=115929826&amp;loc=d3e8736-108599<br><br>Reference 4: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 220<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -Subparagraph (210.5-03(11))<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=116634182&amp;loc=SL114868664-224227<br><br>Reference 5: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 942<br> -SubTopic 220<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.9-04.9)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=116637391&amp;loc=SL114874048-224260<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_InterestExpense</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_LeaseAndRentalExpense">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of rent expense incurred for leased assets, including but not limited to, furniture and equipment, that is not directly or indirectly associated with the manufacture, sale or creation of a product or product line.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_LeaseAndRentalExpense</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_OtherCommitment">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Minimum amount of other commitment not otherwise specified in the taxonomy. Excludes commitments explicitly modeled in the taxonomy, including but not limited to, long-term and short-term purchase commitments, recorded and unrecorded purchase obligations, supply commitments, registration payment arrangements, leases, debt, product warranties, guarantees, environmental remediation obligations, and pensions.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_OtherCommitment</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_PaymentsForRent">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Cash payments to lessor's for use of assets under operating leases.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 230<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 25<br> -Subparagraph (g)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=118932676&amp;loc=d3e3536-108585<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_PaymentsForRent</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_RelatedPartyTransactionDescriptionOfTransaction">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>A description of the related party transaction, including transactions to which no amounts or nominal amounts were ascribed and such other information deemed necessary to an understanding of the effects of the transactions on the financial statements. Examples of common related party transactions are, sales, purchases and transfers of realty and personal property, services received or furnished, loans and leases to and from top management and affiliates.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 235<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.4-08(k))<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=26873400&amp;loc=d3e23780-122690<br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 842<br> -SubTopic 30<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 4<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=119202524&amp;loc=SL77919370-209981<br><br>Reference 3: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 850<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (b)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6457730&amp;loc=d3e39549-107864<br><br>Reference 4: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 840<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=77911099&amp;loc=d3e36975-112693<br><br>Reference 5: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 842<br> -SubTopic 20<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 7<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=77888426&amp;loc=SL77918703-209980<br><br>Reference 6: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 842<br> -SubTopic 40<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=77888430&amp;loc=SL77919784-209982<br><br>Reference 7: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02(23))<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6877327&amp;loc=d3e13212-122682<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_RelatedPartyTransactionDescriptionOfTransaction</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:stringItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_RelatedPartyTransactionDueFromToRelatedParty">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Receivables to be collected from (obligations owed to) related parties, net as of the balance sheet date where one party can exercise control or significant influence over another party; including affiliates, owners or officers and their immediate families, pension trusts, and so forth.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 850<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (d)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6457730&amp;loc=d3e39549-107864<br><br>Reference 2: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 235<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.4-08.(k)(1))<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=26873400&amp;loc=d3e23780-122690<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_RelatedPartyTransactionDueFromToRelatedParty</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_RelatedPartyTransactionRate">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Identify the stated interest rate per the agreement, for example, leasing and debt arrangements between related parties.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_RelatedPartyTransactionRate</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>num:percentItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_ShorttermDebtAverageOutstandingAmount">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>For the form of debt having an initial term of less than one year or less than the normal operating cycle, if longer, average borrowings during the period.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_ShorttermDebtAverageOutstandingAmount</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_StockIssuedDuringPeriodValueNewIssues">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Equity impact of the value of new stock issued during the period. Includes shares issued in an initial public offering or a secondary public offering.</p></div>
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<span style="display: none;">v3.19.2</span><table class="report" border="0" cellspacing="2" id="idp6893070672">
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<th class="tl" colspan="1" rowspan="2"><div style="width: 200px;"><strong>Equity (Details) - USD ($)<br></strong></div></th>
<th class="th" colspan="1"></th>
<th class="th" colspan="1"></th>
<th class="th" colspan="1"></th>
<th class="th" colspan="1"></th>
<th class="th" colspan="2"></th>
<th class="th" colspan="1"></th>
<th class="th" colspan="1"></th>
<th class="th" colspan="9">1 Months Ended</th>
<th class="th" colspan="2">3 Months Ended</th>
<th class="th" colspan="2">12 Months Ended</th>
<th class="th" colspan="1"></th>
<th class="th" colspan="1"></th>
<th class="th" colspan="1"></th>
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<th class="th"><div>May 03, 2019</div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Mar. 12, 2019</div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Feb. 08, 2019</div></th>
<th class="th"><div>May 06, 2016</div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Mar. 21, 2016</div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Mar. 21, 2016</div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Feb. 08, 2016</div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Dec. 29, 2015</div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Sep. 30, 2017</div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Jul. 24, 2017</div></th>
<th class="th"><div>May 26, 2017</div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Feb. 28, 2017</div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Oct. 02, 2016</div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Aug. 26, 2016</div></th>
<th class="th"><div>May 06, 2016</div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Mar. 31, 2016</div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Feb. 17, 2016</div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Mar. 31, 2019</div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Mar. 31, 2018</div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Dec. 31, 2018</div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Dec. 31, 2017</div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Mar. 28, 2018</div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Aug. 31, 2017</div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Oct. 30, 2015</div></th>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_abvcd_EquityTextualAbstract', window );"><strong>Equity (Textual)</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_CommonStockSharesAuthorized', window );">Common stock, authorized</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">20,000,000<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">20,000,000<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">360,000,000<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_CommonStockParOrStatedValuePerShare', window );">Common stock, par value</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 0.001<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 0.001<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 0.001<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_StockholdersEquityReverseStockSplit', window );">Description of forward split</a></td>
<td class="text">The Company filed a certificate of amendment to the Company's articles of incorporation (the "Amendment") to effect the Reverse Split with the Secretary of State of Nevada. The Financial Industry Regulatory Authority ("FINRA") informed the Company that the Reverse Split was effective on May 8, 2019. All shares and related financial information in this Form 10-Q reflect this 1-for-18 reverse stock split.<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">i) effect a stock reverse split at the ratio of 1-for-18 (the "Reverse Split") of both the authorized common stock of the Company (the "Common Stock") and the issued and outstanding Common Stock and ii) to amend the articles of incorporation of the Company to reflect the Reverse Split. The Board approved and authorized the Reverse Split without obtaining approval of the Company's shareholders pursuant to Section 78.207 of Nevada Revised Statutes.<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">1 to 3.141<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">1 to 3.141<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_CommonStockShareSubscribedButUnissuedSubscriptionsReceivable', window );">Subscription receivable</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 350,000<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_EquityMethodInvestmentOwnershipPercentage', window );">Percentage of common shares issued and outstanding</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">73.00%<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_StockIssuedDuringPeriodValueNewIssues', window );">Issuance of common shares</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 694,219<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 80,000<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 80,000<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 5,850,000<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_DueToRelatedPartiesCurrentAndNoncurrent', window );">Due to related parties</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 7,594,784<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 7,745,096<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 4,229,320<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_CommonStockSharesIssued', window );">Common stock, shares issued</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">17,693,625<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">11,884,804<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">213,746,647<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_abvcd_CommonStockSharesIssuedTotal', window );">Common stock, shares issued total</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">80,000<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_abvcd_FinancialAmendmentDescription', window );">Financial amendment, description</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">The Company filed a Certificate of Amendment with the Secretary of State of Nevada, which was effective May 8, 2019 upon its receipt of the written notice from Financial Industry Regulatory Authority ("FINRA"). Pursuant to the Certificate of Amendment, the Company effectuated a 1-for-18 reverse stock split of its issued and outstanding shares of common stock, $0.001 par value, whereby 318,485,252 outstanding shares of the Company's common stock were exchanged for 17,693,625 shares of the Company's Common Stock. All shares and related financial information in this Form 10-Q reflect this 1-for-18 reverse stock split.<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_abvcd_AgreementDescription', window );">Agreement, description</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">The Company remitted this amount to BioLite with $650,000 in cash and $5,850,000 in the form of newly issued shares of the Company's Common Stock, at the price of $2.0 per share, for an aggregate number of 2,925,000 shares. Upon the consummation of the restructuring transaction between the Company and BioLite on February 8, 2019, the Company's Common Stock held by BioLite Taiwan was accounted for treasury stocks in the statement of equity (deficit).<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">The Company issued 1,468,750 shares ("Shares") of the Company's Common Stock, par value $0.001 (the "Offering") to BioLite Taiwan pursuant to a certain Stock Purchase Agreement dated August 26, 2016 (the "SPA"). The Shares are exempt from the registration requirements of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended (the "Securities Act"), pursuant to Regulation&#160;S of the Securities Act promulgated thereunder. The purchase price per share of the Offering is $1.60. The net proceeds to the Company from the Offering are approximately $2,350,000. Pursuant to the BioLite Collaborative Agreement, BriVision should pay a total of $100,000,000 in cash or stock of the Company with equivalent value according to the milestone achieved. The agreement requires that 6.5% of total payment, $6,500,000 shall be made upon the first IND submission which was submitted in March 2016.<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">The Company and BioLite Taiwan agreed to amend the BioLite Collaborative Agreement, through entry into the Milestone Payment Agreement, whereby the Company has agreed to issue shares of Common Stock of the Company, at the price of $1.60 per share, for an aggregate number of 562,500 shares, as part of the Company's first installation of payment pursuant to the Milestone Payment. The shares issuance was completed in June 2016.<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_LegalEntityAxis=abvcd_BioliteIncMember', window );">BioLite, Inc., [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_abvcd_EquityTextualAbstract', window );"><strong>Equity (Textual)</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_CommonStockParOrStatedValuePerShare', window );">Common stock, par value</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 0.001<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_StockIssuedDuringPeriodValueNewIssues', window );">Issuance of common shares</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 1,468,750<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_SaleOfStockPricePerShare', window );">Purchase price per share</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 1.60<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ProceedsFromIssuanceInitialPublicOffering', window );">Net proceeds from offering</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 2,350,000<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_RelatedPartyTransactionsByRelatedPartyAxis=abvcd_KimhoConsultantsCoLtdMember', window );">Kimho Consultants Co., Ltd [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_abvcd_EquityTextualAbstract', window );"><strong>Equity (Textual)</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_CommonStockParOrStatedValuePerShare', window );">Common stock, par value</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 1.60<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_CommonStockSharesIssued', window );">Common stock, shares issued</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">75,000<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_abvcd_CommonStockSharesIssuedTotal', window );">Common stock, shares issued total</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">120,000<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_PlanNameAxis=abvcd_EquityIncentivePlanMember', window );">2016 Equity Incentive Plan [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_abvcd_EquityTextualAbstract', window );"><strong>Equity (Textual)</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_abvcd_CommonStockIssuedBeforeStockSplit', window );">Common stock issued pre-stock split</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">50,000<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_abvcd_CommonStockIssuedAfterStockSplit', window );">Common stock issued post-stock split</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">157,050<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_TypeOfArrangementAxis=us-gaap_CollaborativeArrangementMember', window );">Collaborative Arrangement [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_abvcd_EquityTextualAbstract', window );"><strong>Equity (Textual)</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_StockIssuedDuringPeriodValueNewIssues', window );">Issuance of common shares</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 900,000<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 3,000,000<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_StockIssuedDuringPeriodSharesNewIssues', window );">Issuance of common shares, shares</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">562,500<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_SharePrice', window );">Share price</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 1.60<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 2.0<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 1.60<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_DueToRelatedPartiesCurrentAndNoncurrent', window );">Due to related parties</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 100,000,000<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 100,000,000<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_AccountsPayableRelatedPartiesCurrentAndNoncurrent', window );">Total payment upon first IND submission</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 15,000,000<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 15,000,000<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_abvcd_PercentageOfPaymentsUnderCollaborativeAgreement', window );">Percentage of payments under collaborative agreement</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">3.50%<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">50.00%<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">15.00%<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">15.00%<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_abvcd_Consultingagreementdescription', window );">Consulting agreement, description</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">The Company agreed to indemnify the consultant in an amount of $150 per hour in cash up to $3,000 per month, and issue to Kameyama the Company's Common Stock at $1.00 per share for any amount exceeding $3,000.<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_TypeOfArrangementAxis=abvcd_ShareExchangeAgreementMember', window );">Share Exchange Agreement [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_abvcd_EquityTextualAbstract', window );"><strong>Equity (Textual)</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_StockholdersEquityReverseStockSplit', window );">Description of forward split</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">ABVC issued an aggregate of 104,558,777 shares (prior to the reverse stock split in 2019) to the shareholders of both BioLite and BioKey under a registration statement on Form S-4 (file number 333-226285), which became effective by operation of law on or about February 5, 2019.<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_abvcd_CommonStockIssuedBeforeStockSplit', window );">Common stock issued pre-stock split</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">52,336,000<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_abvcd_CommonStockIssuedAfterStockSplit', window );">Common stock issued post-stock split</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">164,387,376<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
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<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_TypeOfArrangementAxis=abvcd_ShareExchangeAgreementOneMember', window );">Share Exchange Agreement One [Member]</a></td>
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<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_abvcd_EquityTextualAbstract', window );"><strong>Equity (Textual)</strong></a></td>
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</td>
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<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_abvcd_CommonStockIssuedBeforeStockSplit', window );">Common stock issued pre-stock split</a></td>
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<td class="nump">52,936,583<span></span>
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<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_abvcd_CommonStockIssuedAfterStockSplit', window );">Common stock issued post-stock split</a></td>
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<td class="nump">166,273,921<span></span>
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<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_TypeOfArrangementAxis=abvcd_ShareExchangeAgreementTwoMember', window );">Share Exchange Agreement Two [Member]</a></td>
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<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_abvcd_EquityTextualAbstract', window );"><strong>Equity (Textual)</strong></a></td>
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<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_abvcd_CommonStockIssuedBeforeStockSplit', window );">Common stock issued pre-stock split</a></td>
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<td class="nump">51,945,225<span></span>
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<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_abvcd_CommonStockIssuedAfterStockSplit', window );">Common stock issued post-stock split</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
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</td>
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</td>
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</td>
<td class="nump">163,159,952<span></span>
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</td>
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<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_EquityMethodInvestmentOwnershipPercentage', window );">Percentage of common shares issued and outstanding</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
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</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
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</td>
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</td>
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</td>
<td class="nump">79.70%<span></span>
</td>
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</td>
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</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
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</td>
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</td>
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</td>
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<tr class="re">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_abvcd_PercentageOfIssuedShareCapital', window );">Percentage of issued share capital</a></td>
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</td>
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</td>
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</td>
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</td>
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</td>
<td class="nump">100.00%<span></span>
</td>
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</td>
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</td>
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<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_TypeOfArrangementAxis=abvcd_ShareExchangeAgreementThreeMember', window );">Share Exchange Agreement Three [Member]</a></td>
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</td>
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</td>
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<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_abvcd_EquityTextualAbstract', window );"><strong>Equity (Textual)</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
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</td>
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</td>
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</td>
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</td>
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</td>
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</td>
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<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
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<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_abvcd_CommonStockIssuedBeforeStockSplit', window );">Common stock issued pre-stock split</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
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</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">52,936,583<span></span>
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</td>
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</td>
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</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
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</td>
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</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
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</td>
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</td>
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</td>
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<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
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</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_abvcd_CommonStockIssuedAfterStockSplit', window );">Common stock issued post-stock split</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">166,273,921<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_abvcd_ConversionOfExchangeRatio', window );">Exchange ratio</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">0.2536-for-1<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_TypeOfArrangementAxis=abvcd_ShareExchangeAgreementFourMember', window );">Share Exchange Agreement Four [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_abvcd_EquityTextualAbstract', window );"><strong>Equity (Textual)</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_abvcd_CommonStockIssuedBeforeStockSplit', window );">Common stock issued pre-stock split</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">65,431,144<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_abvcd_CommonStockIssuedAfterStockSplit', window );">Common stock issued post-stock split</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">205,519,223<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_EquityMethodInvestmentOwnershipPercentage', window );">Percentage of common shares issued and outstanding</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">79.70%<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_TypeOfArrangementAxis=abvcd_CodevelopmentagreementMember', window );">Co-Dev Agreement [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_abvcd_EquityTextualAbstract', window );"><strong>Equity (Textual)</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_PaymentsForParticipationLiabilities', window );">Company cash payments</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 3,000,000<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 3,000,000<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_DueToRelatedPartiesCurrentAndNoncurrent', window );">Due to related parties</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 3,000,000<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_AccountsPayableRelatedPartiesCurrentAndNoncurrent', window );">Total payment upon first IND submission</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 15,000,000<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_abvcd_PercentageOfPaymentsUnderCollaborativeAgreement', window );">Percentage of payments under collaborative agreement</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">50.00%<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_TypeOfArrangementAxis=abvcd_CollaborativeArrangementOneMember', window );">Collaborative Arrangement One [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_abvcd_EquityTextualAbstract', window );"><strong>Equity (Textual)</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_StockIssuedDuringPeriodValueNewIssues', window );">Issuance of common shares</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 5,850,000<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_StockIssuedDuringPeriodSharesNewIssues', window );">Issuance of common shares, shares</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">2,925,000<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_SharePrice', window );">Share price</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 2.0<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_DueToRelatedPartiesCurrentAndNoncurrent', window );">Due to related parties</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 100,000,000<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_AccountsPayableRelatedPartiesCurrentAndNoncurrent', window );">Total payment upon first IND submission</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 6,500,000<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_abvcd_PercentageOfPaymentsUnderCollaborativeAgreement', window );">Percentage of payments under collaborative agreement</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">6.50%<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_TypeOfArrangementAxis=abvcd_EuroAsiaInvestmentAndFinanceCorpLtdMember', window );">Euro-Asia Investment &amp; Finance Corp Ltd. [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_abvcd_EquityTextualAbstract', window );"><strong>Equity (Textual)</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_CommonStockParOrStatedValuePerShare', window );">Common stock, par value</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 1.60<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_CommonStockSharesIssued', window );">Common stock, shares issued</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">50,000<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_abvcd_CommonStockSharesIssuedTotal', window );">Common stock, shares issued total</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">80,000<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_TypeOfArrangementAxis=abvcd_ConsultingAgreementMember', window );">Consulting Agreement [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_abvcd_EquityTextualAbstract', window );"><strong>Equity (Textual)</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_CommonStockParOrStatedValuePerShare', window );">Common stock, par value</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 1.60<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_AllocatedShareBasedCompensationExpense', window );">Stock based compensation expenses</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 28,800<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">5,400<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">28,800<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 5,400<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_CommonStockSharesIssued', window );">Common stock, shares issued</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">4,828<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_abvcd_CommonStockSharesIssuedTotal', window );">Common stock, shares issued total</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">7,725<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_TypeOfArrangementAxis=abvcd_EuroAsiaAgreementMember', window );">Euro-Asia Agreement [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_abvcd_EquityTextualAbstract', window );"><strong>Equity (Textual)</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_AllocatedShareBasedCompensationExpense', window );">Stock based compensation expenses</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">0<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">60,000<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">0<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">60,000<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_TypeOfArrangementAxis=abvcd_KimhoAgreementMember', window );">Kimho Agreement [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_abvcd_EquityTextualAbstract', window );"><strong>Equity (Textual)</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_AllocatedShareBasedCompensationExpense', window );">Stock based compensation expenses</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 0<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 90,000<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 0<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 90,000<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_srt_TitleOfIndividualAxis=abvcd_BioKeyMember', window );">BioKey [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_abvcd_EquityTextualAbstract', window );"><strong>Equity (Textual)</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_StockIssuedDuringPeriodSharesNewIssues', window );">Issuance of common shares, shares</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">29,561,231<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_SharePrice', window );">Share price</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 1.50<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_srt_TitleOfIndividualAxis=abvcd_BioLiteMember', window );">BioLite [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_abvcd_EquityTextualAbstract', window );"><strong>Equity (Textual)</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
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</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_StockIssuedDuringPeriodSharesNewIssues', window );">Issuance of common shares, shares</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
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</td>
<td class="nump">74,997,546<span></span>
</td>
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</td>
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</td>
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<div style="display: none;">
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_abvcd_AgreementDescription">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Agreement related description.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">abvcd_AgreementDescription</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>abvcd_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:stringItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_abvcd_CommonStockIssuedAfterStockSplit">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Common stock issued after stock split.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">abvcd_CommonStockIssuedAfterStockSplit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>abvcd_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:sharesItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_abvcd_CommonStockIssuedBeforeStockSplit">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Common stock issued before stock split.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">abvcd_CommonStockIssuedBeforeStockSplit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>abvcd_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:sharesItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_abvcd_CommonStockSharesIssuedTotal">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Common stock shares issued total.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">abvcd_CommonStockSharesIssuedTotal</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>abvcd_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:sharesItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_abvcd_Consultingagreementdescription">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Consulting agreement description.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">abvcd_Consultingagreementdescription</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>abvcd_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:stringItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_abvcd_ConversionOfExchangeRatio">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The exchange ratio per stock split.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">abvcd_ConversionOfExchangeRatio</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>abvcd_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:stringItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_abvcd_EquityTextualAbstract">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- References</a><div><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">abvcd_EquityTextualAbstract</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>abvcd_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:stringItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_abvcd_FinancialAmendmentDescription">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- References</a><div><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">abvcd_FinancialAmendmentDescription</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>abvcd_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:stringItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_abvcd_PercentageOfIssuedShareCapital">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Percentage of issued share capital.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">abvcd_PercentageOfIssuedShareCapital</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>abvcd_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>num:percentItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_abvcd_PercentageOfPaymentsUnderCollaborativeAgreement">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Percentage of payments under collaborative agreement.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">abvcd_PercentageOfPaymentsUnderCollaborativeAgreement</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>abvcd_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>num:percentItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_AccountsPayableRelatedPartiesCurrentAndNoncurrent">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount for accounts payable to related parties.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 850<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (d)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6457730&amp;loc=d3e39549-107864<br><br>Reference 2: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 235<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.4-08.(k)(1))<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=26873400&amp;loc=d3e23780-122690<br><br>Reference 3: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 942<br> -SubTopic 210<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.9-03.15(5))<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6876686&amp;loc=d3e534808-122878<br><br>Reference 4: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 944<br> -SubTopic 210<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.7-03.17)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=119400593&amp;loc=d3e572229-122910<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_AccountsPayableRelatedPartiesCurrentAndNoncurrent</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_AllocatedShareBasedCompensationExpense">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of expense for award under share-based payment arrangement. Excludes amount capitalized.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 718<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (b)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=116856206&amp;loc=d3e5047-113901<br><br>Reference 2: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 718<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SAB Topic 14.F)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=115993241&amp;loc=d3e301413-122809<br><br>Reference 3: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 718<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -Subparagraph (h)(1)(i)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=116856206&amp;loc=d3e5070-113901<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_AllocatedShareBasedCompensationExpense</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_CommonStockParOrStatedValuePerShare">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Face amount or stated value per share of common stock.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02(29))<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6877327&amp;loc=d3e13212-122682<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_CommonStockParOrStatedValuePerShare</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>num:perShareItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_CommonStockShareSubscribedButUnissuedSubscriptionsReceivable">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of subscription receivable from investors who have been allocated common stock.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02(29))<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6877327&amp;loc=d3e13212-122682<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_CommonStockShareSubscribedButUnissuedSubscriptionsReceivable</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_CommonStockSharesAuthorized">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The maximum number of common shares permitted to be issued by an entity's charter and bylaws.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02(29))<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6877327&amp;loc=d3e13212-122682<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_CommonStockSharesAuthorized</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:sharesItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_CommonStockSharesIssued">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Total number of common shares of an entity that have been sold or granted to shareholders (includes common shares that were issued, repurchased and remain in the treasury). These shares represent capital invested by the firm's shareholders and owners, and may be all or only a portion of the number of shares authorized. Shares issued include shares outstanding and shares held in the treasury.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02(29))<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6877327&amp;loc=d3e13212-122682<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_CommonStockSharesIssued</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:sharesItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_DueToRelatedPartiesCurrentAndNoncurrent">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Carrying amount as of the balance sheet date of obligations due all related parties.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 235<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.4-08.(k)(1))<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=26873400&amp;loc=d3e23780-122690<br><br>Reference 2: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 944<br> -SubTopic 210<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.7-03.17)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=119400593&amp;loc=d3e572229-122910<br><br>Reference 3: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 850<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (d)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6457730&amp;loc=d3e39549-107864<br><br>Reference 4: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 942<br> -SubTopic 210<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.9-03.15(3),(4))<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6876686&amp;loc=d3e534808-122878<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_DueToRelatedPartiesCurrentAndNoncurrent</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_EquityMethodInvestmentOwnershipPercentage">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The percentage of ownership of common stock or equity participation in the investee accounted for under the equity method of accounting.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 323<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 3<br> -Subparagraph (a)(1)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=114001798&amp;loc=d3e33918-111571<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_EquityMethodInvestmentOwnershipPercentage</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>num:percentItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_PaymentsForParticipationLiabilities">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Cash payments related to participation costs.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 926<br> -SubTopic 230<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6473203&amp;loc=d3e55336-107963<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_PaymentsForParticipationLiabilities</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_ProceedsFromIssuanceInitialPublicOffering">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The cash inflow associated with the amount received from entity's first offering of stock to the public.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 230<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 14<br> -Subparagraph (a)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=118932676&amp;loc=d3e3255-108585<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_ProceedsFromIssuanceInitialPublicOffering</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_SaleOfStockPricePerShare">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Per share amount received by subsidiary or equity investee for each share of common stock issued or sold in the stock transaction.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_SaleOfStockPricePerShare</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>num:perShareItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_SharePrice">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Price of a single share of a number of saleable stocks of a company.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_SharePrice</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>num:perShareItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_StockIssuedDuringPeriodSharesNewIssues">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Number of new stock issued during the period.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02(29))<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6877327&amp;loc=d3e13212-122682<br><br>Reference 2: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 505<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=109259400&amp;loc=d3e21463-112644<br><br>Reference 3: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 505<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.3-04)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=27012166&amp;loc=d3e187085-122770<br><br>Reference 4: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02(28))<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6877327&amp;loc=d3e13212-122682<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_StockIssuedDuringPeriodSharesNewIssues</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:sharesItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_StockIssuedDuringPeriodValueNewIssues">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Equity impact of the value of new stock issued during the period. Includes shares issued in an initial public offering or a secondary public offering.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 505<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.3-04)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=27012166&amp;loc=d3e187085-122770<br><br>Reference 2: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 505<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=109259400&amp;loc=d3e21463-112644<br><br>Reference 3: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02(29))<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6877327&amp;loc=d3e13212-122682<br><br>Reference 4: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02(28))<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6877327&amp;loc=d3e13212-122682<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_StockIssuedDuringPeriodValueNewIssues</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_StockholdersEquityReverseStockSplit">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Description of the reverse stock split arrangement. Also provide the retroactive effect given by the reverse split that occurs after the balance sheet date but before the release of financial statements.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 505<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 4<br> -Subparagraph (SAB Topic 4.C)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=27012166&amp;loc=d3e187143-122770<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_StockholdersEquityReverseStockSplit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
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<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">1,850<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">830<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_DeferredStateAndLocalIncomeTaxExpenseBenefit', window );">Deferred</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rou">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_abvcd_StateTotal', window );">State total</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">1,850<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">830<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_CurrentIncomeTaxExpenseBenefit', window );">Current total</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">1,850<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">830<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_DeferredIncomeTaxExpenseBenefit', window );">Deferred total</a></td>
<td class="num">$ (48,028)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">$ (96,132)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_IncomeTaxExpenseBenefit', window );">Total</a></td>
<td class="num">$ (57,545)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">$ (94,282)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 1,850<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 830<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
</table>
<div style="display: none;">
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_abvcd_FederalTotal">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The amount of federal total.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">abvcd_FederalTotal</td>
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<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
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<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The amount of state total.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">abvcd_StateTotal</td>
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</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_CurrentFederalTaxExpenseBenefit">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of current federal tax expense (benefit) pertaining to income (loss) from continuing operations.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 740<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SAB Topic 6.I.7)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=116825942&amp;loc=d3e330036-122817<br><br>Reference 2: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 235<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.4-08(h))<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=26873400&amp;loc=d3e23780-122690<br><br>Reference 3: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 740<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 9<br> -Subparagraph (a)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=84230637&amp;loc=d3e32639-109319<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_CurrentFederalTaxExpenseBenefit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
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</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_CurrentIncomeTaxExpenseBenefit">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of current income tax expense (benefit) pertaining to taxable income (loss) from continuing operations.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 740<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SAB Topic 6.I.7)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=116825942&amp;loc=d3e330036-122817<br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 740<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 9<br> -Subparagraph (a)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=84230637&amp;loc=d3e32639-109319<br><br>Reference 3: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 235<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.4-08(h))<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=26873400&amp;loc=d3e23780-122690<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_CurrentIncomeTaxExpenseBenefit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
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<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
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<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_CurrentStateAndLocalTaxExpenseBenefit">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of current state and local tax expense (benefit) pertaining to income (loss) from continuing operations.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 235<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.4-08(h))<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=26873400&amp;loc=d3e23780-122690<br><br>Reference 2: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 740<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SAB Topic 6.I.7)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=116825942&amp;loc=d3e330036-122817<br><br>Reference 3: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 740<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 9<br> -Subparagraph (a)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=84230637&amp;loc=d3e32639-109319<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_CurrentStateAndLocalTaxExpenseBenefit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
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<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
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<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
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<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
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</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_DeferredFederalIncomeTaxExpenseBenefit">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of deferred federal income tax expense (benefit) pertaining to income (loss) from continuing operations.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 740<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 9<br> -Subparagraph (b)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=84230637&amp;loc=d3e32639-109319<br><br>Reference 2: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 235<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.4-08(h))<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=26873400&amp;loc=d3e23780-122690<br><br>Reference 3: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 740<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SAB Topic 6.I.7)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=116825942&amp;loc=d3e330036-122817<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_DeferredFederalIncomeTaxExpenseBenefit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_DeferredIncomeTaxExpenseBenefit">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of deferred income tax expense (benefit) pertaining to income (loss) from continuing operations.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 740<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SAB Topic 6.I.7)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=116825942&amp;loc=d3e330036-122817<br><br>Reference 2: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 235<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.4-08(h))<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=26873400&amp;loc=d3e23780-122690<br><br>Reference 3: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 230<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 28<br> -Subparagraph (b)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=118932676&amp;loc=d3e3602-108585<br><br>Reference 4: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 740<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 9<br> -Subparagraph (b)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=84230637&amp;loc=d3e32639-109319<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_DeferredIncomeTaxExpenseBenefit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_DeferredStateAndLocalIncomeTaxExpenseBenefit">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of deferred state and local tax expense (benefit) pertaining to income (loss) from continuing operations.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 740<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SAB Topic 6.I.7)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=116825942&amp;loc=d3e330036-122817<br><br>Reference 2: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 235<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.4-08(h))<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=26873400&amp;loc=d3e23780-122690<br><br>Reference 3: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 740<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 9<br> -Subparagraph (b)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=84230637&amp;loc=d3e32639-109319<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_DeferredStateAndLocalIncomeTaxExpenseBenefit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_FederalIncomeTaxExpenseBenefitContinuingOperationsAbstract">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- References</a><div><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_FederalIncomeTaxExpenseBenefitContinuingOperationsAbstract</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:stringItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_IncomeTaxExpenseBenefit">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of current income tax expense (benefit) and deferred income tax expense (benefit) pertaining to continuing operations.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 280<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 22<br> -Subparagraph (h)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=115929826&amp;loc=d3e8736-108599<br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 235<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.4-08(h))<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=26873400&amp;loc=d3e23780-122690<br><br>Reference 3: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 740<br> -SubTopic 20<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -Subparagraph (a)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=109238882&amp;loc=d3e38679-109324<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_IncomeTaxExpenseBenefit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_StateAndLocalIncomeTaxExpenseBenefitContinuingOperationsAbstract">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- References</a><div><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_StateAndLocalIncomeTaxExpenseBenefitContinuingOperationsAbstract</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:stringItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
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</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
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</div>
</body>
</html>
</TEXT>
</DOCUMENT>
<DOCUMENT>
<TYPE>XML
<SEQUENCE>84
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<DESCRIPTION>IDEA: XBRL DOCUMENT
<TEXT>
<html>
<head>
<title></title>
<link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="report.css">
<script type="text/javascript" src="Show.js">/* Do Not Remove This Comment */</script><script type="text/javascript">
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</head>
<body>
<span style="display: none;">v3.19.2</span><table class="report" border="0" cellspacing="2" id="idp6661082096">
<tr>
<th class="tl" colspan="1" rowspan="1"><div style="width: 200px;"><strong>Income Tax (Details 1) - USD ($)<br></strong></div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Dec. 31, 2018</div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Dec. 31, 2017</div></th>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_DeferredTaxAssetsNetNoncurrentClassificationAbstract', window );"><strong>Deferred Tax Account - noncurrent:</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_DeferredTaxAssetsGrossNoncurrent', window );">Tax losses carryforwards</a></td>
<td class="nump">$ 913,954<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 594,501<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_DeferredTaxAssetsValuationAllowanceNoncurrent', window );">Less: Valuation allowance</a></td>
<td class="num">(913,954)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(594,501)<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rou">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_DeferredTaxAssetsNetNoncurrent', window );">Total deferred tax account - noncurrent</a></td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
</tr>
</table>
<div style="display: none;">
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_DeferredTaxAssetsGrossNoncurrent">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount, before allocation of valuation allowance, of deferred tax asset attributable to deductible temporary differences and carryforwards, classified as noncurrent.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/otherTransitionRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 740<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 6<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=116821951&amp;loc=d3e31931-109318<br><br>Reference 2: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/otherTransitionRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 740<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -Subparagraph (b)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=84230637&amp;loc=d3e32537-109319<br><br>Reference 3: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/otherTransitionRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 740<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 4<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=116821951&amp;loc=d3e31917-109318<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_DeferredTaxAssetsGrossNoncurrent</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_DeferredTaxAssetsNetNoncurrent">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount after allocation of valuation allowances of deferred tax asset attributable to deductible temporary differences and carryforwards classified as noncurrent.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/otherTransitionRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 740<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 9<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=116821951&amp;loc=d3e31958-109318<br><br>Reference 2: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/otherTransitionRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 740<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 4<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=116821951&amp;loc=d3e31917-109318<br><br>Reference 3: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/otherTransitionRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 740<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 6<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=116821951&amp;loc=d3e31931-109318<br><br>Reference 4: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/otherTransitionRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 740<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 5<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=116821951&amp;loc=d3e31928-109318<br><br>Reference 5: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/otherTransitionRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 740<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -Subparagraph (b)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=84230637&amp;loc=d3e32537-109319<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_DeferredTaxAssetsNetNoncurrent</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_DeferredTaxAssetsNetNoncurrentClassificationAbstract">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- References</a><div><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_DeferredTaxAssetsNetNoncurrentClassificationAbstract</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
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<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:stringItemType</td>
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<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_DeferredTaxAssetsValuationAllowanceNoncurrent">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of valuation allowance of deferred tax asset attributable to deductible temporary differences and carryforwards, classified as noncurrent.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/otherTransitionRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 740<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 4<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=116821951&amp;loc=d3e31917-109318<br><br>Reference 2: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/otherTransitionRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 740<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 5<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=116821951&amp;loc=d3e31928-109318<br><br>Reference 3: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/otherTransitionRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 740<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -Subparagraph (c)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=84230637&amp;loc=d3e32537-109319<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_DeferredTaxAssetsValuationAllowanceNoncurrent</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
</div>
</body>
</html>
</TEXT>
</DOCUMENT>
<DOCUMENT>
<TYPE>XML
<SEQUENCE>85
<FILENAME>R71.htm
<DESCRIPTION>IDEA: XBRL DOCUMENT
<TEXT>
<html>
<head>
<title></title>
<link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="report.css">
<script type="text/javascript" src="Show.js">/* Do Not Remove This Comment */</script><script type="text/javascript">
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							e.nextSibling.style.display='block';
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</head>
<body>
<span style="display: none;">v3.19.2</span><table class="report" border="0" cellspacing="2" id="idp6804667344">
<tr>
<th class="tl" colspan="1" rowspan="2"><div style="width: 200px;"><strong>Income Tax (Details 2)<br></strong></div></th>
<th class="th" colspan="2">12 Months Ended</th>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="th"><div>Dec. 31, 2018</div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Dec. 31, 2017</div></th>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_IncomeTaxDisclosureAbstract', window );"><strong>Income Tax Disclosure [Abstract]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_EffectiveIncomeTaxRateReconciliationAtFederalStatutoryIncomeTaxRate', window );">Statutory federal tax benefit, net of state tax effects</a></td>
<td class="nump">19.00%<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">31.00%<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_EffectiveIncomeTaxRateReconciliationStateAndLocalIncomeTaxes', window );">State income taxes</a></td>
<td class="nump">8.84%<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">8.84%<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_abvcd_ProvisionalRemeasurementOfDeferredTaxes', window );">Provisional remeasurement of deferred taxes</a></td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(13.00%)<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_EffectiveIncomeTaxRateReconciliationNondeductibleExpense', window );">Nondeductible/nontaxable items</a></td>
<td class="num">(1.00%)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(4.00%)<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_EffectiveIncomeTaxRateReconciliationChangeInDeferredTaxAssetsValuationAllowance', window );">Change in valuation allowance</a></td>
<td class="num">(26.84%)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(22.84%)<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_EffectiveIncomeTaxRateContinuingOperations', window );">Effective income tax rate</a></td>
<td class="nump">0.00%<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">0.00%<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
</table>
<div style="display: none;">
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_abvcd_ProvisionalRemeasurementOfDeferredTaxes">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Percentage of the provisional remeasurement of deferred taxes.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">abvcd_ProvisionalRemeasurementOfDeferredTaxes</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>abvcd_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>num:percentItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_EffectiveIncomeTaxRateContinuingOperations">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Percentage of current income tax expense (benefit) and deferred income tax expense (benefit) pertaining to continuing operations.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 235<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.4-08.(h)(2))<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=26873400&amp;loc=d3e23780-122690<br><br>Reference 2: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 740<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 12<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=84230637&amp;loc=d3e32687-109319<br><br>Reference 3: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 740<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 13<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=84230637&amp;loc=d3e32698-109319<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_EffectiveIncomeTaxRateContinuingOperations</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>num:percentItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_EffectiveIncomeTaxRateReconciliationAtFederalStatutoryIncomeTaxRate">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Percentage of domestic federal statutory tax rate applicable to pretax income (loss).</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 740<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SAB TOPIC 6.I)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=116825942&amp;loc=d3e330036-122817<br><br>Reference 2: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 740<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 12<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=84230637&amp;loc=d3e32687-109319<br><br>Reference 3: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 740<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 13<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=84230637&amp;loc=d3e32698-109319<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_EffectiveIncomeTaxRateReconciliationAtFederalStatutoryIncomeTaxRate</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>num:percentItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_EffectiveIncomeTaxRateReconciliationChangeInDeferredTaxAssetsValuationAllowance">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Percentage of the difference between reported income tax expense (benefit) and expected income tax expense (benefit) computed by applying the domestic federal statutory income tax rates to pretax income (loss) from continuing operations attributable to changes in the valuation allowance for deferred tax assets.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 740<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SAB TOPIC 6.I)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=116825942&amp;loc=d3e330036-122817<br><br>Reference 2: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 740<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 12<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=84230637&amp;loc=d3e32687-109319<br><br>Reference 3: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 740<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 13<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=84230637&amp;loc=d3e32698-109319<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_EffectiveIncomeTaxRateReconciliationChangeInDeferredTaxAssetsValuationAllowance</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
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<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>num:percentItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
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</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_EffectiveIncomeTaxRateReconciliationNondeductibleExpense">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Percentage of the difference between reported income tax expense (benefit) and expected income tax expense (benefit) computed by applying the domestic federal statutory income tax rates to pretax income (loss) from continuing operations attributable to nondeductible expenses.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 740<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 12<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=84230637&amp;loc=d3e32687-109319<br><br>Reference 2: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 740<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 13<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=84230637&amp;loc=d3e32698-109319<br><br>Reference 3: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 740<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SAB TOPIC 6.I)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=116825942&amp;loc=d3e330036-122817<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_EffectiveIncomeTaxRateReconciliationNondeductibleExpense</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
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<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_EffectiveIncomeTaxRateReconciliationStateAndLocalIncomeTaxes">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Percentage of the difference between reported income tax expense (benefit) and expected income tax expense (benefit) computed by applying the domestic federal statutory income tax rates to pretax income (loss) from continuing operations applicable to state and local income tax expense (benefit), net of federal tax expense (benefit).</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 740<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 13<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=84230637&amp;loc=d3e32698-109319<br><br>Reference 2: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 740<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SAB TOPIC 6.I)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=116825942&amp;loc=d3e330036-122817<br><br>Reference 3: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 740<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 12<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=84230637&amp;loc=d3e32687-109319<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_EffectiveIncomeTaxRateReconciliationStateAndLocalIncomeTaxes</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
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<td>num:percentItemType</td>
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<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
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<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
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</div></td></tr>
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<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_IncomeTaxDisclosureAbstract">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- References</a><div><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_IncomeTaxDisclosureAbstract</td>
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<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
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<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:stringItemType</td>
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<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
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<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
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</table></div>
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</DOCUMENT>
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<DESCRIPTION>IDEA: XBRL DOCUMENT
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<html>
<head>
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<span style="display: none;">v3.19.2</span><table class="report" border="0" cellspacing="2" id="idp6783699824">
<tr>
<th class="tl" colspan="1" rowspan="2"><div style="width: 200px;"><strong>Income Tax (Details Textual)<br></strong></div></th>
<th class="th" colspan="1">1 Months Ended</th>
</tr>
<tr><th class="th"><div>Dec. 22, 2017</div></th></tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_abvcd_IncomeTaxesTextualAbstract', window );"><strong>Income Tax (Textual)</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_IncomeTaxExaminationDescription', window );">Corporate tax rate, description</a></td>
<td class="text">Among the significant changes to the U.S. Internal Revenue Code, the Tax Act lowers the U.S. federal corporate income tax rate ("Federal Tax Rate") from 35% to 21% effective January 1, 2018. The 21% Federal Tax Rate will apply to earnings reported for the full 2018 fiscal year. In addition, the Company must re-measure its net deferred tax assets and liabilities using the Federal Tax Rate that will apply when these amounts are expected to reverse. As of December 31, 2017, the Company can determine a reasonable estimate for certain effects of tax reform and recorded that estimate as a provisional amount. The provisional remeasurement of the deferred tax assets and allowance valuation of deferred tax assets at December 31, 2017 resulted in a net effect of $0 discrete tax expenses (benefit) which lowered the effective tax rate by 14% for the year ended December 31, 2017.<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
</table>
<div style="display: none;">
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_abvcd_IncomeTaxesTextualAbstract">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- References</a><div><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">abvcd_IncomeTaxesTextualAbstract</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>abvcd_</td>
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<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:stringItemType</td>
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<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
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<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_IncomeTaxExaminationDescription">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>A brief description of status of the tax examination, significant findings to date, and the entity's position with respect to the findings.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 740<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 15<br> -Subparagraph (d)(2)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=84230637&amp;loc=d3e32718-109319<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_IncomeTaxExaminationDescription</td>
</tr>
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<tr>
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<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
</div>
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</TEXT>
</DOCUMENT>
<DOCUMENT>
<TYPE>XML
<SEQUENCE>87
<FILENAME>R73.htm
<DESCRIPTION>IDEA: XBRL DOCUMENT
<TEXT>
<html>
<head>
<title></title>
<link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="report.css">
<script type="text/javascript" src="Show.js">/* Do Not Remove This Comment */</script><script type="text/javascript">
							function toggleNextSibling (e) {
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<body>
<span style="display: none;">v3.19.2</span><table class="report" border="0" cellspacing="2" id="idp6784304176">
<tr>
<th class="tl" colspan="1" rowspan="2"><div style="width: 200px;"><strong>Loss per Share (Details) - USD ($)<br></strong></div></th>
<th class="th" colspan="2">3 Months Ended</th>
<th class="th" colspan="2">12 Months Ended</th>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="th"><div>Mar. 31, 2019</div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Mar. 31, 2018</div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Dec. 31, 2018</div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Dec. 31, 2017</div></th>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_abvcd_NumeratorAbstract', window );"><strong>Numerator:</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_NetIncomeLoss', window );">Net loss attributable to common stockholders</a></td>
<td class="num">$ (873,317)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">$ (713,622)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">$ (4,101,303)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">$ (4,242,860)<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_WeightedAverageNumberOfSharesOutstandingAbstract', window );"><strong>Weighted-average shares outstanding:</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_WeightedAverageNumberOfSharesOutstandingBasic', window );">Weighted-average shares outstanding - Basic</a></td>
<td class="nump">14,965,665<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">11,599,911<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">213,884,105<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">213,321,921<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_IncrementalCommonSharesAttributableToCallOptionsAndWarrants', window );">Stock options</a></td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_WeightedAverageNumberOfDilutedSharesOutstanding', window );">Weighted-average shares outstanding - Diluted</a></td>
<td class="nump">14,965,665<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">11,599,911<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">213,884,105<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">213,321,921<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_EarningsPerShareBasicAndDilutedAbstract', window );"><strong>Loss per share</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_EarningsPerShareBasic', window );">-Basic</a></td>
<td class="num">$ (0.05)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">$ (0.05)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">$ (0.02)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">$ (0.02)<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_EarningsPerShareDiluted', window );">-Diluted</a></td>
<td class="num">$ (0.05)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">$ (0.05)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">$ (0.02)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">$ (0.02)<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
</table>
<div style="display: none;">
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_abvcd_NumeratorAbstract">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- References</a><div><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">abvcd_NumeratorAbstract</td>
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<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The amount of net income (loss) for the period per each share of common stock or unit outstanding during the reporting period.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 944<br> -SubTopic 220<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.7-04(19))<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=116637232&amp;loc=SL114874131-224263<br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 260<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 7<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=117326831&amp;loc=d3e1337-109256<br><br>Reference 3: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/exampleRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 260<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 55<br> -Paragraph 52<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=117327953&amp;loc=d3e4984-109258<br><br>Reference 4: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 220<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-03(21))<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=116634182&amp;loc=SL114868664-224227<br><br>Reference 5: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 250<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 11<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=109234566&amp;loc=d3e22694-107794<br><br>Reference 6: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 260<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (a)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6371337&amp;loc=d3e3550-109257<br><br>Reference 7: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 260<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=117326831&amp;loc=d3e1252-109256<br><br>Reference 8: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 942<br> -SubTopic 220<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.9-04(23))<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=116637391&amp;loc=SL114874048-224260<br><br>Reference 9: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 260<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 60B<br> -Subparagraph (d)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=117326831&amp;loc=SL5780133-109256<br></p></div>
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<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- References</a><div><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
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<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The amount of net income (loss) for the period available to each share of common stock or common unit outstanding during the reporting period and to each share or unit that would have been outstanding assuming the issuance of common shares or units for all dilutive potential common shares or units outstanding during the reporting period.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/exampleRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 260<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 55<br> -Paragraph 52<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=117327953&amp;loc=d3e4984-109258<br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 260<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=117326831&amp;loc=d3e1252-109256<br><br>Reference 3: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 260<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (a)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6371337&amp;loc=d3e3550-109257<br><br>Reference 4: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 942<br> -SubTopic 220<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.9-04(23))<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=116637391&amp;loc=SL114874048-224260<br><br>Reference 5: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 250<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 11<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=109234566&amp;loc=d3e22694-107794<br><br>Reference 6: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 260<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 7<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=117326831&amp;loc=d3e1337-109256<br><br>Reference 7: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 220<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-03(21))<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=116634182&amp;loc=SL114868664-224227<br><br>Reference 8: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 260<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 60B<br> -Subparagraph (d)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=117326831&amp;loc=SL5780133-109256<br><br>Reference 9: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 944<br> -SubTopic 220<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.7-04(19))<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=116637232&amp;loc=SL114874131-224263<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
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<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_EarningsPerShareDiluted</td>
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<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Additional shares included in the calculation of diluted EPS as a result of the potentially dilutive effect of call options and warrants using the treasury stock method.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 260<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (a)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6371337&amp;loc=d3e3550-109257<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
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<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The portion of profit or loss for the period, net of income taxes, which is attributable to the parent.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 220<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 1A<br> -Subparagraph (a)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=118930883&amp;loc=SL7669619-108580<br><br>Reference 2: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 942<br> -SubTopic 220<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.9-04(22))<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=116637391&amp;loc=SL114874048-224260<br><br>Reference 3: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 220<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 1B<br> -Subparagraph (a)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=118930883&amp;loc=SL7669625-108580<br><br>Reference 4: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 944<br> -SubTopic 220<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.7-04(18))<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=116637232&amp;loc=SL114874131-224263<br><br>Reference 5: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 220<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-03(20))<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=116634182&amp;loc=SL114868664-224227<br><br>Reference 6: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 230<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 28<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=118932676&amp;loc=d3e3602-108585<br><br>Reference 7: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 260<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6371337&amp;loc=d3e3550-109257<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
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<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The average number of shares or units issued and outstanding that are used in calculating diluted EPS or earnings per unit (EPU), determined based on the timing of issuance of shares or units in the period.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 260<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (a)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6371337&amp;loc=d3e3550-109257<br><br>Reference 2: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 260<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 16<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=117326831&amp;loc=d3e1505-109256<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
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<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- References</a><div><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
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<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Number of [basic] shares or units, after adjustment for contingently issuable shares or units and other shares or units not deemed outstanding, determined by relating the portion of time within a reporting period that common shares or units have been outstanding to the total time in that period.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 260<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 10<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=117326831&amp;loc=d3e1448-109256<br><br>Reference 2: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 260<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (a)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6371337&amp;loc=d3e3550-109257<br></p></div>
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<span style="display: none;">v3.19.2</span><table class="report" border="0" cellspacing="2" id="idp6807502816">
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<th class="tl" colspan="1" rowspan="1"><div style="width: 200px;"><strong>Lease (Details) - USD ($)<br></strong></div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Mar. 31, 2019</div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Dec. 31, 2018</div></th>
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</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_OperatingLeaseRightOfUseAsset', window );">Operating lease right-of-use assets</a></td>
<td class="nump">$ 505,305<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_LiabilitiesAbstract', window );"><strong>LIABILITIES</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_OperatingLeaseLiabilityCurrent', window );">Operating lease liabilities (current)</a></td>
<td class="nump">286,212<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_OperatingLeaseLiabilityNoncurrent', window );">Operating lease liabilities (noncurrent)</a></td>
<td class="nump">$ 239,647<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
</table>
<div style="display: none;">
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_AssetsAbstract">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- References</a><div><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_AssetsAbstract</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:stringItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_LiabilitiesAbstract">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- References</a><div><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_LiabilitiesAbstract</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
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<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:stringItemType</td>
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<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
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<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_OperatingLeaseLiabilityCurrent">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Present value of lessee's discounted obligation for lease payments from operating lease, classified as current.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 842<br> -SubTopic 20<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (b)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=77888419&amp;loc=SL77918627-209977<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_OperatingLeaseLiabilityCurrent</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_OperatingLeaseLiabilityNoncurrent">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Present value of lessee's discounted obligation for lease payments from operating lease, classified as noncurrent.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 842<br> -SubTopic 20<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (b)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=77888419&amp;loc=SL77918627-209977<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_OperatingLeaseLiabilityNoncurrent</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_OperatingLeaseRightOfUseAsset">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of lessee's right to use underlying asset under operating lease.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 842<br> -SubTopic 20<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (a)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=77888419&amp;loc=SL77918627-209977<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_OperatingLeaseRightOfUseAsset</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
</div>
</body>
</html>
</TEXT>
</DOCUMENT>
<DOCUMENT>
<TYPE>XML
<SEQUENCE>89
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<DESCRIPTION>IDEA: XBRL DOCUMENT
<TEXT>
<html>
<head>
<title></title>
<link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="report.css">
<script type="text/javascript" src="Show.js">/* Do Not Remove This Comment */</script><script type="text/javascript">
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<body>
<span style="display: none;">v3.19.2</span><table class="report" border="0" cellspacing="2" id="idp6625961696">
<tr>
<th class="tl" colspan="1" rowspan="2"><div style="width: 200px;"><strong>Lease (Details 1)<br></strong></div></th>
<th class="th" colspan="1">3 Months Ended</th>
</tr>
<tr><th class="th">
<div>Mar. 31, 2019 </div>
<div>USD ($)</div>
</th></tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_LeasesAbstract', window );"><strong>Leases [Abstract]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_OperatingLeaseLeaseIncomeLeasePayments', window );">Cash paid for amounts included in the measurement of operating lease liabilities</a></td>
<td class="nump">$ 73,802<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_OperatingLeaseWeightedAverageRemainingLeaseTerm1', window );">Weighted average remaining lease term</a></td>
<td class="text">1 year 10 months 10 days<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_OperatingLeaseWeightedAverageDiscountRatePercent', window );">Weighted average discount rate</a></td>
<td class="nump">0.55%<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
</table>
<div style="display: none;">
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_LeasesAbstract">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- References</a><div><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_LeasesAbstract</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
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<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:stringItemType</td>
</tr>
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<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_OperatingLeaseLeaseIncomeLeasePayments">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of operating lease income from lease payments paid and payable to lessor. Excludes variable lease payments not included in measurement of lease receivable.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 270<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 6A<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=118952077&amp;loc=SL77927221-108306<br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 842<br> -SubTopic 30<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 5<br> -Subparagraph (b)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=119202524&amp;loc=SL77919372-209981<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_OperatingLeaseLeaseIncomeLeasePayments</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_OperatingLeaseWeightedAverageDiscountRatePercent">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Weighted average discount rate for operating lease calculated at point in time.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 842<br> -SubTopic 20<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 4<br> -Subparagraph (g)(4)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=77888426&amp;loc=SL77918686-209980<br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/exampleRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 842<br> -SubTopic 20<br> -Section 55<br> -Paragraph 53<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=77888399&amp;loc=SL77918982-209971<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_OperatingLeaseWeightedAverageDiscountRatePercent</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>num:percentItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_OperatingLeaseWeightedAverageRemainingLeaseTerm1">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Weighted average remaining lease term for operating lease, in 'PnYnMnDTnHnMnS' format, for example, 'P1Y5M13D' represents reported fact of one year, five months, and thirteen days.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/exampleRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 842<br> -SubTopic 20<br> -Section 55<br> -Paragraph 53<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=77888399&amp;loc=SL77918982-209971<br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 842<br> -SubTopic 20<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 4<br> -Subparagraph (g)(3)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=77888426&amp;loc=SL77918686-209980<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_OperatingLeaseWeightedAverageRemainingLeaseTerm1</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:durationItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
</div>
</body>
</html>
</TEXT>
</DOCUMENT>
<DOCUMENT>
<TYPE>XML
<SEQUENCE>90
<FILENAME>R76.htm
<DESCRIPTION>IDEA: XBRL DOCUMENT
<TEXT>
<html>
<head>
<title></title>
<link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="report.css">
<script type="text/javascript" src="Show.js">/* Do Not Remove This Comment */</script><script type="text/javascript">
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<body>
<span style="display: none;">v3.19.2</span><table class="report" border="0" cellspacing="2" id="idp6779073824">
<tr>
<th class="tl" colspan="1" rowspan="1"><div style="width: 200px;"><strong>Lease (Details 2)<br></strong></div></th>
<th class="th">
<div>Mar. 31, 2019 </div>
<div>USD ($)</div>
</th>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_LeasesAbstract', window );"><strong>Leases [Abstract]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_OperatingLeasesFutureMinimumPaymentsRemainderOfFiscalYear', window );">2019 (excluding the three months ended March 31, 2019)</a></td>
<td class="nump">$ 228,117<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_OperatingLeasesFutureMinimumPaymentsDueInTwoYears', window );">2020</a></td>
<td class="nump">258,642<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_OperatingLeasesFutureMinimumPaymentsDueInThreeYears', window );">2021</a></td>
<td class="nump">41,240<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="reu">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_OperatingLeasesFutureMinimumPaymentsDue', window );">Total future minimum lease payments, undiscounted</a></td>
<td class="nump">527,999<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_InterestPortionOfMinimumLeasePaymentsSaleLeasebackTransactions', window );">Less: Imputed interest</a></td>
<td class="num">(2,140)<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_PresentValueOfFutureMinimumLeasePaymentsSaleLeasebackTransactions', window );">Present value of future minimum lease payments</a></td>
<td class="nump">$ 525,859<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
</table>
<div style="display: none;">
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_InterestPortionOfMinimumLeasePaymentsSaleLeasebackTransactions">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount necessary to reduce minimum lease payments to present value for sale-leaseback transactions accounted for using the deposit method or as a financing.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/otherTransitionRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 840<br> -SubTopic 30<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (b)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=84164817&amp;loc=d3e45280-112737<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_InterestPortionOfMinimumLeasePaymentsSaleLeasebackTransactions</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_LeasesAbstract">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- References</a><div><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_LeasesAbstract</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:stringItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_OperatingLeasesFutureMinimumPaymentsDue">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of required minimum rental payments for leases having an initial or remaining non-cancelable letter-terms in excess of one year.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/otherTransitionRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 840<br> -SubTopic 20<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -Subparagraph (a)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=77902758&amp;loc=d3e41502-112717<br><br>Reference 2: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/otherTransitionRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 840<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 55<br> -Paragraph 40<br> -Subparagraph (Note 3)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=82846649&amp;loc=d3e38371-112697<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_OperatingLeasesFutureMinimumPaymentsDue</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_OperatingLeasesFutureMinimumPaymentsDueInThreeYears">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of required minimum rental payments for operating leases having an initial or remaining non-cancelable lease term in excess of one year due in the third fiscal year following the latest fiscal year. Excludes interim and annual periods when interim periods are reported on a rolling approach, from latest balance sheet date.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/otherTransitionRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 840<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 55<br> -Paragraph 40<br> -Subparagraph (Note 3)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=82846649&amp;loc=d3e38371-112697<br><br>Reference 2: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/otherTransitionRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 840<br> -SubTopic 20<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -Subparagraph (a)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=77902758&amp;loc=d3e41502-112717<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_OperatingLeasesFutureMinimumPaymentsDueInThreeYears</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
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<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
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<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
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<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_OperatingLeasesFutureMinimumPaymentsDueInTwoYears">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of required minimum rental payments for operating leases having an initial or remaining non-cancelable lease term in excess of one year due in the second fiscal year following the latest fiscal year. Excludes interim and annual periods when interim periods are reported on a rolling approach, from latest balance sheet date.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/otherTransitionRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 840<br> -SubTopic 20<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -Subparagraph (a)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=77902758&amp;loc=d3e41502-112717<br><br>Reference 2: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/otherTransitionRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 840<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 55<br> -Paragraph 40<br> -Subparagraph (Note 3)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=82846649&amp;loc=d3e38371-112697<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_OperatingLeasesFutureMinimumPaymentsDueInTwoYears</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_OperatingLeasesFutureMinimumPaymentsRemainderOfFiscalYear">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of required minimum rental payments for operating leases having an initial or remaining non-cancelable lease term in excess of one year due in the remainder of the fiscal year following the latest fiscal year. Excludes interim and annual periods when interim periods are reported on a rolling approach, from latest balance sheet date.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_OperatingLeasesFutureMinimumPaymentsRemainderOfFiscalYear</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_PresentValueOfFutureMinimumLeasePaymentsSaleLeasebackTransactions">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Present value of minimum lease payments for sale-leaseback transactions accounted for using the deposit method or as a financing.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/otherTransitionRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 840<br> -SubTopic 30<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (b)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=84164817&amp;loc=d3e45280-112737<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_PresentValueOfFutureMinimumLeasePaymentsSaleLeasebackTransactions</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
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<span style="display: none;">v3.19.2</span><table class="report" border="0" cellspacing="2" id="idp6796511536">
<tr>
<th class="tl" colspan="1" rowspan="1"><div style="width: 200px;"><strong>Lease (Details Textual) - USD ($)<br></strong></div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Mar. 31, 2019</div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Dec. 31, 2018</div></th>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_abvcd_LeaseTextualAbstract', window );"><strong>Lease (Textual)</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_OperatingLeaseRightOfUseAsset', window );">Operating lease right-of-use assets</a></td>
<td class="nump">$ 505,305<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_OperatingLeaseLiabilityCurrent', window );">Current operating lease liabilities</a></td>
<td class="nump">286,212<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_OperatingLeaseLiabilityNoncurrent', window );">Non-current operating lease liabilities</a></td>
<td class="nump">239,647<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_AdjustmentsForNewAccountingPronouncementsAxis=abvcd_AccountingStandardsCodificationMember', window );">ASC 842 [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_abvcd_LeaseTextualAbstract', window );"><strong>Lease (Textual)</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_OperatingLeaseRightOfUseAsset', window );">Operating lease right-of-use assets</a></td>
<td class="nump">577,830<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_OperatingLeaseLiability', window );">Operating lease liabilities</a></td>
<td class="nump">598,937<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_OperatingLeaseLiabilityCurrent', window );">Current operating lease liabilities</a></td>
<td class="nump">301,105<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_OperatingLeaseLiabilityNoncurrent', window );">Non-current operating lease liabilities</a></td>
<td class="nump">297,832<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_abvcd_CumulativeEffectAdjustmentOfOpeningBalanceOfAccumulatedDeficit', window );">Cumulative-effect adjustment of opening balance of accumulated deficit</a></td>
<td class="num">$ (21,107)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
</table>
<div style="display: none;">
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_abvcd_CumulativeEffectAdjustmentOfOpeningBalanceOfAccumulatedDeficit">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Cumulative-effect adjustment of opening balance of accumulated deficit.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">abvcd_CumulativeEffectAdjustmentOfOpeningBalanceOfAccumulatedDeficit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>abvcd_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
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<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
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<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
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<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_abvcd_LeaseTextualAbstract">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- References</a><div><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">abvcd_LeaseTextualAbstract</td>
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<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>abvcd_</td>
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<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:stringItemType</td>
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<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
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<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
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<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_OperatingLeaseLiability">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Present value of lessee's discounted obligation for lease payments from operating lease.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 842<br> -SubTopic 20<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (b)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=77888419&amp;loc=SL77918627-209977<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_OperatingLeaseLiability</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_OperatingLeaseLiabilityCurrent">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Present value of lessee's discounted obligation for lease payments from operating lease, classified as current.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 842<br> -SubTopic 20<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (b)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=77888419&amp;loc=SL77918627-209977<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_OperatingLeaseLiabilityCurrent</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_OperatingLeaseLiabilityNoncurrent">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Present value of lessee's discounted obligation for lease payments from operating lease, classified as noncurrent.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 842<br> -SubTopic 20<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (b)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=77888419&amp;loc=SL77918627-209977<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_OperatingLeaseLiabilityNoncurrent</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_OperatingLeaseRightOfUseAsset">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of lessee's right to use underlying asset under operating lease.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 842<br> -SubTopic 20<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (a)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=77888419&amp;loc=SL77918627-209977<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_OperatingLeaseRightOfUseAsset</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_AdjustmentsForNewAccountingPronouncementsAxis=abvcd_AccountingStandardsCodificationMember">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Details</a><div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_AdjustmentsForNewAccountingPronouncementsAxis=abvcd_AccountingStandardsCodificationMember</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
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<span style="display: none;">v3.19.2</span><table class="report" border="0" cellspacing="2" id="idp6886177328">
<tr>
<th class="tl" colspan="2" rowspan="1"><div style="width: 200px;"><strong>Business Combination (Details) - USD ($)<br></strong></div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Feb. 08, 2019</div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Dec. 31, 2018</div></th>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_BusinessCombinationBargainPurchaseAbstract', window );"><strong>Allocation of the purchase price:</strong></a></td>
<td class="th" style="border-bottom: 0px;"><sup></sup></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_BusinessCombinationRecognizedIdentifiableAssetsAcquiredAndLiabilitiesAssumedCashAndEquivalents', window );">Cash and cash equivalents</a></td>
<td class="th" style="border-bottom: 0px;"><sup></sup></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 636,666<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_BusinessCombinationRecognizedIdentifiableAssetsAcquiredAndLiabilitiesAssumedCurrentAssetsReceivables', window );">Accounts receivable, net</a></td>
<td class="th" style="border-bottom: 0px;"><sup></sup></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">43,204<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_BusinessCombinationRecognizedIdentifiableAssetsAcquiredAndLiabilitiesAssumedPropertyPlantAndEquipment', window );">Property and equipment, net</a></td>
<td class="th" style="border-bottom: 0px;"><sup></sup></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">58,150<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_BusinessCombinationRecognizedIdentifiableAssetsAcquiredAndLiabilitiesAssumedCurrentAssetsOther', window );">Security deposits</a></td>
<td class="th" style="border-bottom: 0px;"><sup></sup></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">147,848<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_BusinessCombinationRecognizedIdentifiableAssetsAcquiredAndLiabilitiesAssumedAssets', window );">Total assets acquired</a></td>
<td class="th" style="border-bottom: 0px;"><sup></sup></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">896,308<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_BusinessCombinationRecognizedIdentifiableAssetsAcquiredAndLiabilitiesAssumedCurrentLiabilitiesOther', window );">Accrued expenses and other current liabilities</a></td>
<td class="th" style="border-bottom: 0px;"><sup></sup></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(83,026)<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_BusinessCombinationRecognizedIdentifiableAssetsAcquiredAndLiabilitiesAssumedLiabilities', window );">Total liabilities assumed</a></td>
<td class="th" style="border-bottom: 0px;"><sup></sup></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(85,906)<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_BusinessCombinationRecognizedIdentifiableAssetsAcquiredGoodwillAndLiabilitiesAssumedNet', window );">Total net assets acquired</a></td>
<td class="th" style="border-bottom: 0px;"><sup></sup></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 43,531,445<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_BusinessAcquisitionAxis=abvcd_BioLiteAndBioKeyMember', window );">BioLite and BioKey [Member]</a></td>
<td class="th" style="border-bottom: 0px;"><sup></sup></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_BusinessCombinationConsiderationTransferredAbstract', window );"><strong>Purchase consideration:</strong></a></td>
<td class="th" style="border-bottom: 0px;"><sup></sup></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_BusinessAcquisitionEquityInterestIssuedOrIssuableValueAssigned', window );">Common Stock</a></td>
<td class="th" style="border-bottom: 0px;"><sup>[1]</sup></td>
<td class="nump">$ 44,341,847<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_BusinessCombinationBargainPurchaseAbstract', window );"><strong>Allocation of the purchase price:</strong></a></td>
<td class="th" style="border-bottom: 0px;"><sup></sup></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_BusinessCombinationRecognizedIdentifiableAssetsAcquiredAndLiabilitiesAssumedCashAndEquivalents', window );">Cash and cash equivalents</a></td>
<td class="th" style="border-bottom: 0px;"><sup></sup></td>
<td class="nump">531,147<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_BusinessCombinationRecognizedIdentifiableAssetsAcquiredAndLiabilitiesAssumedCurrentAssetsReceivables', window );">Accounts receivable, net</a></td>
<td class="th" style="border-bottom: 0px;"><sup></sup></td>
<td class="nump">188,550<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_BusinessCombinationRecognizedIdentifiableAssetsAcquiredAndLiabilitiesAssumedPropertyPlantAndEquipment', window );">Property and equipment, net</a></td>
<td class="th" style="border-bottom: 0px;"><sup></sup></td>
<td class="nump">56,075<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_abvcd_BusinessCombinationRecognizedIdentifiableAssetsAcquiredAndLiabilitiesAssumedOperatingLeaseRightOfUseAssets', window );">Operating lease right-of-use assets</a></td>
<td class="th" style="border-bottom: 0px;"><sup></sup></td>
<td class="nump">485,684<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_BusinessCombinationRecognizedIdentifiableAssetsAcquiredAndLiabilitiesAssumedCurrentAssetsOther', window );">Security deposits</a></td>
<td class="th" style="border-bottom: 0px;"><sup></sup></td>
<td class="nump">10,440<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_BusinessCombinationRecognizedIdentifiableAssetsAcquiredAndLiabilitiesAssumedAssets', window );">Total assets acquired</a></td>
<td class="th" style="border-bottom: 0px;"><sup></sup></td>
<td class="nump">1,271,896<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_BusinessCombinationRecognizedIdentifiableAssetsAcquiredAndLiabilitiesAssumedCurrentLiabilitiesAccountsPayable', window );">Accounts payable</a></td>
<td class="th" style="border-bottom: 0px;"><sup></sup></td>
<td class="num">(56,204)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_BusinessCombinationRecognizedIdentifiableAssetsAcquiredAndLiabilitiesAssumedCurrentLiabilitiesOther', window );">Accrued expenses and other current liabilities</a></td>
<td class="th" style="border-bottom: 0px;"><sup></sup></td>
<td class="num">(251,335)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_abvcd_BusinessCombinationRecognizedIdentifiableAssetsAcquiredAndLiabilitiesAssumedOperatingLeaseLiability', window );">Operating lease liability</a></td>
<td class="th" style="border-bottom: 0px;"><sup></sup></td>
<td class="num">(267,256)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_abvcd_BusinessCombinationRecognizedIdentifiableAssetsAcquiredAndLiabilitiesAssumedCurrentTenantSecurityDeposit', window );">Tenant security deposit</a></td>
<td class="th" style="border-bottom: 0px;"><sup></sup></td>
<td class="num">(2,880)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_BusinessCombinationRecognizedIdentifiableAssetsAcquiredAndLiabilitiesAssumedLiabilities', window );">Total liabilities assumed</a></td>
<td class="th" style="border-bottom: 0px;"><sup></sup></td>
<td class="num">(577,675)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_BusinessCombinationRecognizedIdentifiableAssetsAcquiredGoodwillAndLiabilitiesAssumedNet', window );">Total net assets acquired</a></td>
<td class="th" style="border-bottom: 0px;"><sup></sup></td>
<td class="nump">694,221<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_abvcd_BusinessAcquisitionGoodwillWrittenOffRelatedToSaleOfBusinessUnit', window );">Goodwill as a result of the Merger</a></td>
<td class="th" style="border-bottom: 0px;"><sup></sup></td>
<td class="nump">$ 43,647,626<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr><td colspan="3"></td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="3"><table class="outerFootnotes" width="100%"><tr class="outerFootnote">
<td style="vertical-align: top; width: 12pt;" valign="top">[1]</td>
<td style="vertical-align: top;" valign="top">29,561,231 shares of ABVC common stock issued to BioKey in connection with the Merger. Those shares were valued at $1.50 per share, based on the bid-and-ask share price of ABVC Common Stock on the final day of trading, February 8, 2019.</td>
</tr></table></td></tr>
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<div style="display: none;">
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_abvcd_BusinessAcquisitionGoodwillWrittenOffRelatedToSaleOfBusinessUnit">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of divestiture of an asset representing future economic benefits arising from other assets acquired in a business combination that are not individually identified and separately recognized.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">abvcd_BusinessAcquisitionGoodwillWrittenOffRelatedToSaleOfBusinessUnit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>abvcd_</td>
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<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
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<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
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<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_abvcd_BusinessCombinationRecognizedIdentifiableAssetsAcquiredAndLiabilitiesAssumedCurrentTenantSecurityDeposit">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- References</a><div><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">abvcd_BusinessCombinationRecognizedIdentifiableAssetsAcquiredAndLiabilitiesAssumedCurrentTenantSecurityDeposit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>abvcd_</td>
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<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
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<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
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<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
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<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_abvcd_BusinessCombinationRecognizedIdentifiableAssetsAcquiredAndLiabilitiesAssumedOperatingLeaseLiability">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Present value of lessee's discounted obligation for lease payments from operating lease.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">abvcd_BusinessCombinationRecognizedIdentifiableAssetsAcquiredAndLiabilitiesAssumedOperatingLeaseLiability</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>abvcd_</td>
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<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
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<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
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<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
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</tr>
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</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_abvcd_BusinessCombinationRecognizedIdentifiableAssetsAcquiredAndLiabilitiesAssumedOperatingLeaseRightOfUseAssets">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of lessee's right to use underlying asset under operating lease.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">abvcd_BusinessCombinationRecognizedIdentifiableAssetsAcquiredAndLiabilitiesAssumedOperatingLeaseRightOfUseAssets</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>abvcd_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_BusinessAcquisitionEquityInterestIssuedOrIssuableValueAssigned">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Value of equity interests (such as common shares, preferred shares, or partnership interest) issued or issuable to acquire the entity.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 805<br> -SubTopic 30<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (b)(4)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=35744584&amp;loc=d3e6927-128479<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_BusinessAcquisitionEquityInterestIssuedOrIssuableValueAssigned</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
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<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_BusinessCombinationBargainPurchaseAbstract">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- References</a><div><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_BusinessCombinationBargainPurchaseAbstract</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
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<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:stringItemType</td>
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<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_BusinessCombinationConsiderationTransferredAbstract">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- References</a><div><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_BusinessCombinationConsiderationTransferredAbstract</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:stringItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
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<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_BusinessCombinationRecognizedIdentifiableAssetsAcquiredAndLiabilitiesAssumedAssets">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of assets acquired at the acquisition date.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 805<br> -SubTopic 20<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (c)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=116869197&amp;loc=d3e4845-128472<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_BusinessCombinationRecognizedIdentifiableAssetsAcquiredAndLiabilitiesAssumedAssets</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_BusinessCombinationRecognizedIdentifiableAssetsAcquiredAndLiabilitiesAssumedCashAndEquivalents">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of currency on hand as well as demand deposits with banks or financial institutions, acquired at the acquisition date. Includes other kinds of accounts that have the general characteristics of demand deposits. Also includes short-term, highly liquid investments that are both readily convertible to known amounts of cash and so near their maturity that they present insignificant risk of changes in value because of changes in interest rates.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 805<br> -SubTopic 20<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (c)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=116869197&amp;loc=d3e4845-128472<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_BusinessCombinationRecognizedIdentifiableAssetsAcquiredAndLiabilitiesAssumedCashAndEquivalents</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_BusinessCombinationRecognizedIdentifiableAssetsAcquiredAndLiabilitiesAssumedCurrentAssetsOther">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of other assets expected to be realized or consumed before one year or the normal operating cycle, if longer, acquired at the acquisition date.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 805<br> -SubTopic 20<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (c)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=116869197&amp;loc=d3e4845-128472<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_BusinessCombinationRecognizedIdentifiableAssetsAcquiredAndLiabilitiesAssumedCurrentAssetsOther</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_BusinessCombinationRecognizedIdentifiableAssetsAcquiredAndLiabilitiesAssumedCurrentAssetsReceivables">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount due from customers or clients for goods or services, including trade receivables, that have been delivered or sold in the normal course of business, and amounts due from others, including related parties expected to be converted to cash, sold or exchanged within one year or the normal operating cycle, if longer, acquired at the acquisition date.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 805<br> -SubTopic 20<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (c)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=116869197&amp;loc=d3e4845-128472<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_BusinessCombinationRecognizedIdentifiableAssetsAcquiredAndLiabilitiesAssumedCurrentAssetsReceivables</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_BusinessCombinationRecognizedIdentifiableAssetsAcquiredAndLiabilitiesAssumedCurrentLiabilitiesAccountsPayable">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of liabilities incurred for goods and services received that are used in an entity's business and related party payables, assumed at the acquisition date.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 805<br> -SubTopic 20<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (c)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=116869197&amp;loc=d3e4845-128472<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_BusinessCombinationRecognizedIdentifiableAssetsAcquiredAndLiabilitiesAssumedCurrentLiabilitiesAccountsPayable</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_BusinessCombinationRecognizedIdentifiableAssetsAcquiredAndLiabilitiesAssumedCurrentLiabilitiesOther">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of other liabilities due within one year or within the normal operating cycle, if longer, assumed at the acquisition date.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 805<br> -SubTopic 20<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (c)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=116869197&amp;loc=d3e4845-128472<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_BusinessCombinationRecognizedIdentifiableAssetsAcquiredAndLiabilitiesAssumedCurrentLiabilitiesOther</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_BusinessCombinationRecognizedIdentifiableAssetsAcquiredAndLiabilitiesAssumedLiabilities">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of liabilities assumed at the acquisition date.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 805<br> -SubTopic 20<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (c)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=116869197&amp;loc=d3e4845-128472<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_BusinessCombinationRecognizedIdentifiableAssetsAcquiredAndLiabilitiesAssumedLiabilities</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_BusinessCombinationRecognizedIdentifiableAssetsAcquiredAndLiabilitiesAssumedPropertyPlantAndEquipment">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The amount of property, plant, and equipment recognized as of the acquisition date.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 805<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 55<br> -Paragraph 37<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=116868840&amp;loc=d3e2207-128464<br><br>Reference 2: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 805<br> -SubTopic 20<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (c)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=116869197&amp;loc=d3e4845-128472<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_BusinessCombinationRecognizedIdentifiableAssetsAcquiredAndLiabilitiesAssumedPropertyPlantAndEquipment</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_BusinessCombinationRecognizedIdentifiableAssetsAcquiredGoodwillAndLiabilitiesAssumedNet">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount recognized for assets, including goodwill, in excess of (less than) the aggregate liabilities assumed.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 805<br> -SubTopic 20<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (c)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=116869197&amp;loc=d3e4845-128472<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_BusinessCombinationRecognizedIdentifiableAssetsAcquiredGoodwillAndLiabilitiesAssumedNet</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_BusinessAcquisitionAxis=abvcd_BioLiteAndBioKeyMember">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Details</a><div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_BusinessAcquisitionAxis=abvcd_BioLiteAndBioKeyMember</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
</div>
</body>
</html>
</TEXT>
</DOCUMENT>
<DOCUMENT>
<TYPE>XML
<SEQUENCE>93
<FILENAME>R79.htm
<DESCRIPTION>IDEA: XBRL DOCUMENT
<TEXT>
<html>
<head>
<title></title>
<link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="report.css">
<script type="text/javascript" src="Show.js">/* Do Not Remove This Comment */</script><script type="text/javascript">
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</head>
<body>
<span style="display: none;">v3.19.2</span><table class="report" border="0" cellspacing="2" id="idp6783737872">
<tr>
<th class="tl" colspan="1" rowspan="1"><div style="width: 200px;"><strong>Business Combination (Details Textual)<br></strong></div></th>
<th class="th">
<div>Feb. 08, 2019 </div>
<div>USD ($) </div>
<div>$ / shares </div>
<div>shares</div>
</th>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_BusinessAcquisitionAxis=abvcd_BioLiteAndBioKeyMember', window );">BioLite and BioKey [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_abvcd_BusinessCombinationTextualAbstract', window );"><strong>Business Combination (Textual)</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_abvcd_BusinessAcquisitionGoodwillWrittenOffRelatedToSaleOfBusinessUnit', window );">Goodwill write-down | $</a></td>
<td class="nump">$ 43,647,626<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_abvcd_GoodWillWriteDownPercentage', window );">Good will write down percentage</a></td>
<td class="nump">100.00%<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_srt_TitleOfIndividualAxis=abvcd_BioKeyMember', window );">BioKey [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_abvcd_BusinessCombinationTextualAbstract', window );"><strong>Business Combination (Textual)</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_StockIssuedDuringPeriodSharesNewIssues', window );">Issuance of common shares, shares | shares</a></td>
<td class="nump">29,561,231<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_SharePrice', window );">Share price | $ / shares</a></td>
<td class="nump">$ 1.50<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
</table>
<div style="display: none;">
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_abvcd_BusinessAcquisitionGoodwillWrittenOffRelatedToSaleOfBusinessUnit">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of divestiture of an asset representing future economic benefits arising from other assets acquired in a business combination that are not individually identified and separately recognized.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">abvcd_BusinessAcquisitionGoodwillWrittenOffRelatedToSaleOfBusinessUnit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>abvcd_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_abvcd_BusinessCombinationTextualAbstract">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- References</a><div><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">abvcd_BusinessCombinationTextualAbstract</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>abvcd_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:stringItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_abvcd_GoodWillWriteDownPercentage">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Good will write down percentage.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">abvcd_GoodWillWriteDownPercentage</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>abvcd_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>num:percentItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_SharePrice">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Price of a single share of a number of saleable stocks of a company.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_SharePrice</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>num:perShareItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_StockIssuedDuringPeriodSharesNewIssues">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Number of new stock issued during the period.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02(29))<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6877327&amp;loc=d3e13212-122682<br><br>Reference 2: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 505<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=109259400&amp;loc=d3e21463-112644<br><br>Reference 3: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 505<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.3-04)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=27012166&amp;loc=d3e187085-122770<br><br>Reference 4: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02(28))<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6877327&amp;loc=d3e13212-122682<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_StockIssuedDuringPeriodSharesNewIssues</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:sharesItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_BusinessAcquisitionAxis=abvcd_BioLiteAndBioKeyMember">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Details</a><div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_BusinessAcquisitionAxis=abvcd_BioLiteAndBioKeyMember</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_srt_TitleOfIndividualAxis=abvcd_BioKeyMember">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Details</a><div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">srt_TitleOfIndividualAxis=abvcd_BioKeyMember</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
</div>
</body>
</html>
</TEXT>
</DOCUMENT>
<DOCUMENT>
<TYPE>XML
<SEQUENCE>94
<FILENAME>R80.htm
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<TEXT>
<html>
<head>
<title></title>
<link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="report.css">
<script type="text/javascript" src="Show.js">/* Do Not Remove This Comment */</script><script type="text/javascript">
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<body>
<span style="display: none;">v3.19.2</span><table class="report" border="0" cellspacing="2" id="idp6638407472">
<tr>
<th class="tl" colspan="1" rowspan="2"><div style="width: 200px;"><strong>Commitments and Contingencies (Details) - USD ($)<br></strong></div></th>
<th class="th" colspan="2">12 Months Ended</th>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="th"><div>Dec. 31, 2018</div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Dec. 31, 2017</div></th>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_abvcd_CommitmentsAndContingenciesTextualAbstract', window );"><strong>Commitments and Contingencies (Textual)</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_OperatingLeasesRentExpenseNet', window );">Rental expense</a></td>
<td class="nump">$ 7,497<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 49,245<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
</table>
<div style="display: none;">
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_abvcd_CommitmentsAndContingenciesTextualAbstract">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- References</a><div><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">abvcd_CommitmentsAndContingenciesTextualAbstract</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>abvcd_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:stringItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_OperatingLeasesRentExpenseNet">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Rental expense for the reporting period incurred under operating leases, including minimum and any contingent rent expense, net of related sublease income.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/otherTransitionRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 840<br> -SubTopic 20<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=77902758&amp;loc=d3e41499-112717<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_OperatingLeasesRentExpenseNet</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
</div>
</body>
</html>
</TEXT>
</DOCUMENT>
<DOCUMENT>
<TYPE>XML
<SEQUENCE>95
<FILENAME>R81.htm
<DESCRIPTION>IDEA: XBRL DOCUMENT
<TEXT>
<html>
<head>
<title></title>
<link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="report.css">
<script type="text/javascript" src="Show.js">/* Do Not Remove This Comment */</script><script type="text/javascript">
							function toggleNextSibling (e) {
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							e.nextSibling.style.display='block';
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							}</script>
</head>
<body>
<span style="display: none;">v3.19.2</span><table class="report" border="0" cellspacing="2" id="idp6891262400">
<tr>
<th class="tl" colspan="1" rowspan="1"><div style="width: 200px;"><strong>Pro Forma Financial Statements (Details) - USD ($)<br></strong></div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Mar. 31, 2019</div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Dec. 31, 2018</div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Mar. 31, 2018</div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Dec. 31, 2017</div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Dec. 31, 2016</div></th>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_AssetsCurrentAbstract', window );"><strong>Current Assets</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_CashAndCashEquivalentsAtCarryingValue', window );">Cash and cash equivalents</a></td>
<td class="nump">$ 981,341<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 226,688<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 174,444<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 93,332<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 18,645<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_AccountsReceivableNet', window );">Accounts receivable - related parties, net</a></td>
<td class="nump">162,619<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_DueFromRelatedPartiesCurrent', window );">Due from related parties</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">2,550,000<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_InventoryNet', window );">Inventory</a></td>
<td class="nump">521<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">1,318<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_AssetsCurrent', window );">Total Current Assets</a></td>
<td class="nump">1,527,182<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">566,476<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">2,643,332<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_PropertyPlantAndEquipmentNet', window );">Property and equipment, net</a></td>
<td class="nump">547,520<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">510,066<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_Goodwill', window );">Goodwill, net</a></td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_LongTermInvestments', window );">Long-term investments</a></td>
<td class="nump">3,407,763<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">3,488,169<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_DeferredTaxAssetsGrossNoncurrent', window );">Deferred tax assets</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">913,954<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">594,501<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_Assets', window );">Total Assets</a></td>
<td class="nump">7,450,191<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">5,940,124<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">2,643,332<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_LiabilitiesCurrentAbstract', window );"><strong>Current Liabilities</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ShortTermBankLoansAndNotesPayable', window );">Short-term bank loan</a></td>
<td class="nump">1,891,000<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">899,250<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_LoansPayableToBankCurrent', window );">Long-term bank loan - current portion</a></td>
<td class="nump">39,688<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">39,835<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_NotesPayableCurrent', window );">Notes payable</a></td>
<td class="nump">499,284<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">510,447<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_DueToRelatedPartiesCurrent', window );">Due to related parties</a></td>
<td class="nump">7,594,784<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">7,745,096<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ConvertibleNotesPayableCurrent', window );">Convertible notes payable</a></td>
<td class="nump">300,000<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">300,000<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_NotesPayableRelatedPartiesClassifiedCurrent', window );">Convertible notes payable - related parties</a></td>
<td class="nump">250,000<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">250,000<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_LiabilitiesCurrent', window );">Total Current Liabilities</a></td>
<td class="nump">12,435,155<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">10,987,786<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">4,400,247<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_LongTermLoansFromBank', window );">Long-term bank loan</a></td>
<td class="nump">5,388<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">15,257<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_SecurityDepositLiability', window );">Tenant security deposit</a></td>
<td class="nump">2,880<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_NotesPayableRelatedPartiesNoncurrent', window );">Convertible notes payable - related parties</a></td>
<td class="nump">250,000<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">250,000<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_Liabilities', window );">Total Liabilities</a></td>
<td class="nump">12,976,537<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">11,280,510<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">4,400,247<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_StockholdersEquityAbstract', window );"><strong>Equity</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_PreferredStockValue', window );">Preferred stock</a></td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_CommonStockValue', window );">Common stock</a></td>
<td class="nump">17,694<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">11,885<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">213,747<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_AdditionalPaidInCapital', window );">Additional paid-in capital</a></td>
<td class="nump">15,680,674<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">14,983,714<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">13,805,936<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_RetainedEarningsAccumulatedDeficit', window );">Accumulated deficit</a></td>
<td class="num">(13,001,117)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(12,209,446)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(15,776,598)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_TreasuryStockValue', window );">Treasury stock</a></td>
<td class="num">(9,100,000)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(9,100,000)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_StockholdersEquity', window );">Total Stockholders' deficit</a></td>
<td class="num">(5,762,310)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(5,657,996)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(1,756,915)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_MinorityInterest', window );">Noncontrolling interest</a></td>
<td class="nump">235,964<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">317,610<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_StockholdersEquityIncludingPortionAttributableToNoncontrollingInterest', window );">Total Equity</a></td>
<td class="num">(5,526,346)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(5,340,386)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 140,254<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">$ (6,519,455)<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_LiabilitiesAndStockholdersEquity', window );">Total Liabilities and Equity</a></td>
<td class="nump">$ 7,450,191<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">5,940,124<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 2,643,332<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_srt_StatementScenarioAxis=abvcd_ProFormaAdjustmentMember', window );">Pro Forma Adjustment [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_AssetsCurrentAbstract', window );"><strong>Current Assets</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_CashAndCashEquivalentsAtCarryingValue', window );">Cash and cash equivalents</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_RestrictedCashAndCashEquivalentsAtCarryingValue', window );">Restricted cash and cash equivalents</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ReceivablesNetCurrent', window );">Accounts receivable, net</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_AccountsReceivableNet', window );">Accounts receivable - related parties, net</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_AccountsAndOtherReceivablesNetCurrent', window );">Other receivable</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_DueFromRelatedPartiesCurrent', window );">Due from related parties</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(59,810)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_InventoryNet', window );">Inventory</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_PrepaidExpenseAndOtherAssetsCurrent', window );">Prepaid expense and other current assets</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_AssetsCurrent', window );">Total Current Assets</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(59,810)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_Goodwill', window );">Goodwill, net</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">43,531,445<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_Assets', window );">Total Assets</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">43,471,635<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_LiabilitiesCurrentAbstract', window );"><strong>Current Liabilities</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ShortTermBankLoansAndNotesPayable', window );">Short-term bank loan</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_LoansPayableToBankCurrent', window );">Long-term bank loan - current portion</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_NotesPayableCurrent', window );">Notes payable</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_abvcd_AccruedExpensesAndOtherCurrentLiabilitiesNet', window );">Accrued expenses and other current liabilities</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_DueToRelatedPartiesCurrent', window );">Due to related parties</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(58,684)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_LiabilitiesCurrent', window );">Total Current Liabilities</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(58,684)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_LongTermLoansFromBank', window );">Long-term bank loan</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_SecurityDepositLiability', window );">Tenant security deposit</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ConvertibleLongTermNotesPayable', window );">Convertible notes payable</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_NotesPayableRelatedPartiesNoncurrent', window );">Convertible notes payable - related parties</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_InterestReceivableNoncurrent', window );">Accrued interest</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_Liabilities', window );">Total Liabilities</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(58,684)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_StockholdersEquityAbstract', window );"><strong>Equity</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_PreferredStockValue', window );">Preferred stock</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(18,633,097)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_CommonStockValue', window );">Common stock</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(4,121)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_abvcd_CommonStockToBeIssued', window );">Common stock to be issued</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">74,998<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_abvcd_CommonStockToBeIssued1', window );">Common stock to be issued</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(771,793)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_abvcd_CommonStockToBeIssued2', window );">Common stock to be issued</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">7,428<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_abvcd_CommonStockToBeIssued3', window );">Common stock to be issued</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">22,133<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_AdditionalPaidInCapital', window );">Additional paid-in capital</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(70,877)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_abvcd_AdditionalPaidinCapital1', window );">Additional paid-in capital</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(82,265)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_abvcd_AdditionalPaidinCapital2', window );">Additional paid-in capital</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">44,312,285<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_abvcd_AdditionalPaidinCapital3', window );">Additional paid-in capital</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(10,000,000)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_abvcd_StockSubscriptionReceivables', window );">Stock subscription receivable</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">1,667<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_RetainedEarningsAccumulatedDeficit', window );">Accumulated deficit</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">18,677,586<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_abvcd_RetainedEarningsAccumulatedDeficit1', window );">Accumulated deficit</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">6,817,848<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_abvcd_RetainedEarningsAccumulatedDeficit2', window );">Accumulated deficit</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">2,295,716<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_abvcd_RetainedEarningsAccumulatedDeficit3', window );">Accumulated deficit</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">10,000,000<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_AccumulatedOtherComprehensiveIncomeLossNetOfTax', window );">Other comprehensive income</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(14,689)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_TreasuryStockValue', window );">Treasury stock</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(6,750,000)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_abvcd_TreasurySharesOutstanding', window );">Treasury shares outstanding</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(2,350,000)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_StockholdersEquity', window );">Total Stockholders' deficit</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">43,530,319<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_MinorityInterest', window );">Noncontrolling interest</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_StockholdersEquityIncludingPortionAttributableToNoncontrollingInterest', window );">Total Equity</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">43,530,319<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_LiabilitiesAndStockholdersEquity', window );">Total Liabilities and Equity</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">43,471,635<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_srt_StatementScenarioAxis=srt_ProFormaMember', window );">Pro Forma [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_AssetsCurrentAbstract', window );"><strong>Current Assets</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_CashAndCashEquivalentsAtCarryingValue', window );">Cash and cash equivalents</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">863,354<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_RestrictedCashAndCashEquivalentsAtCarryingValue', window );">Restricted cash and cash equivalents</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">16,093<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ReceivablesNetCurrent', window );">Accounts receivable, net</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">43,204<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_AccountsReceivableNet', window );">Accounts receivable - related parties, net</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">147,848<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_AccountsAndOtherReceivablesNetCurrent', window );">Other receivable</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">39,005<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_DueFromRelatedPartiesCurrent', window );">Due from related parties</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">59,477<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_InventoryNet', window );">Inventory</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">1,318<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_PrepaidExpenseAndOtherAssetsCurrent', window );">Prepaid expense and other current assets</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">223,895<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_AssetsCurrent', window );">Total Current Assets</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">1,394,194<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_PropertyPlantAndEquipmentNet', window );">Property and equipment, net</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">568,216<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_Goodwill', window );">Goodwill, net</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">43,531,445<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_LongTermInvestments', window );">Long-term investments</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">3,448,169<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_DeferredTaxAssetsGrossNoncurrent', window );">Deferred tax assets</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">1,347,995<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_DepositsAssetsNoncurrent', window );">Security Deposits</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">37,858<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_Assets', window );">Total Assets</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">50,367,877<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_LiabilitiesCurrentAbstract', window );"><strong>Current Liabilities</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ShortTermBankLoansAndNotesPayable', window );">Short-term bank loan</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">899,250<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_LoansPayableToBankCurrent', window );">Long-term bank loan - current portion</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">39,835<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_NotesPayableCurrent', window );">Notes payable</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">510,447<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_abvcd_AccruedExpensesAndOtherCurrentLiabilitiesNet', window );">Accrued expenses and other current liabilities</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">1,326,184<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_DueToRelatedPartiesCurrent', window );">Due to related parties</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">7,745,096<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ConvertibleNotesPayableCurrent', window );">Convertible notes payable</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">300,000<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_NotesPayableRelatedPartiesClassifiedCurrent', window );">Convertible notes payable - related parties</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">250,000<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_LiabilitiesCurrent', window );">Total Current Liabilities</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">11,070,812<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_LongTermLoansFromBank', window );">Long-term bank loan</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">15,257<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_SecurityDepositLiability', window );">Tenant security deposit</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">2,880<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ConvertibleLongTermNotesPayable', window );">Convertible notes payable</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_NotesPayableRelatedPartiesNoncurrent', window );">Convertible notes payable - related parties</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">250,000<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_InterestReceivableNoncurrent', window );">Accrued interest</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">27,467<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_Liabilities', window );">Total Liabilities</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">11,366,416<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_StockholdersEquityAbstract', window );"><strong>Equity</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_PreferredStockValue', window );">Preferred stock</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_CommonStockValue', window );">Common stock</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">318,486<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_AdditionalPaidInCapital', window );">Additional paid-in capital</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">59,018,959<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_RetainedEarningsAccumulatedDeficit', window );">Accumulated deficit</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(12,209,446)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_AccumulatedOtherComprehensiveIncomeLossNetOfTax', window );">Other comprehensive income</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">655,852<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_TreasuryStockValue', window );">Treasury stock</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(9,100,000)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_StockholdersEquity', window );">Total Stockholders' deficit</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">38,683,851<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_MinorityInterest', window );">Noncontrolling interest</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">317,610<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_StockholdersEquityIncludingPortionAttributableToNoncontrollingInterest', window );">Total Equity</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">39,001,461<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_LiabilitiesAndStockholdersEquity', window );">Total Liabilities and Equity</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">50,367,877<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_RelatedPartyTransactionAxis=abvcd_ABVCMember', window );">ABVC [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_AssetsCurrentAbstract', window );"><strong>Current Assets</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_CashAndCashEquivalentsAtCarryingValue', window );">Cash and cash equivalents</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">40,044<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_RestrictedCashAndCashEquivalentsAtCarryingValue', window );">Restricted cash and cash equivalents</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">16,093<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ReceivablesNetCurrent', window );">Accounts receivable, net</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_AccountsReceivableNet', window );">Accounts receivable - related parties, net</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_AccountsAndOtherReceivablesNetCurrent', window );">Other receivable</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_DueFromRelatedPartiesCurrent', window );">Due from related parties</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">40,000<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_InventoryNet', window );">Inventory</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_PrepaidExpenseAndOtherAssetsCurrent', window );">Prepaid expense and other current assets</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">136<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_AssetsCurrent', window );">Total Current Assets</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">96,273<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_PropertyPlantAndEquipmentNet', window );">Property and equipment, net</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_Goodwill', window );">Goodwill, net</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_LongTermInvestments', window );">Long-term investments</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_DeferredTaxAssetsGrossNoncurrent', window );">Deferred tax assets</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_DepositsAssetsNoncurrent', window );">Security Deposits</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_Assets', window );">Total Assets</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">96,273<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_LiabilitiesCurrentAbstract', window );"><strong>Current Liabilities</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ShortTermBankLoansAndNotesPayable', window );">Short-term bank loan</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_LoansPayableToBankCurrent', window );">Long-term bank loan - current portion</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_NotesPayableCurrent', window );">Notes payable</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_abvcd_AccruedExpensesAndOtherCurrentLiabilitiesNet', window );">Accrued expenses and other current liabilities</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">555,449<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_DueToRelatedPartiesCurrent', window );">Due to related parties</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">4,462,775<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ConvertibleNotesPayableCurrent', window );">Convertible notes payable</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">300,000<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_NotesPayableRelatedPartiesClassifiedCurrent', window );">Convertible notes payable - related parties</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">250,000<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_LiabilitiesCurrent', window );">Total Current Liabilities</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">5,568,224<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_LongTermLoansFromBank', window );">Long-term bank loan</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_SecurityDepositLiability', window );">Tenant security deposit</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ConvertibleLongTermNotesPayable', window );">Convertible notes payable</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_NotesPayableRelatedPartiesNoncurrent', window );">Convertible notes payable - related parties</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">250,000<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_InterestReceivableNoncurrent', window );">Accrued interest</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">27,467<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_Liabilities', window );">Total Liabilities</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">5,845,691<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_StockholdersEquityAbstract', window );"><strong>Equity</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_PreferredStockValue', window );">Preferred stock</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_CommonStockValue', window );">Common stock</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">213,927<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_AdditionalPaidInCapital', window );">Additional paid-in capital</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">13,914,556<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_RetainedEarningsAccumulatedDeficit', window );">Accumulated deficit</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(19,877,901)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_AccumulatedOtherComprehensiveIncomeLossNetOfTax', window );">Other comprehensive income</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_TreasuryStockValue', window );">Treasury stock</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_StockholdersEquity', window );">Total Stockholders' deficit</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(5,749,418)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_MinorityInterest', window );">Noncontrolling interest</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_StockholdersEquityIncludingPortionAttributableToNoncontrollingInterest', window );">Total Equity</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(5,749,418)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_LiabilitiesAndStockholdersEquity', window );">Total Liabilities and Equity</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">96,273<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_RelatedPartyTransactionAxis=abvcd_BioKeyMember', window );">BioKey [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_AssetsCurrentAbstract', window );"><strong>Current Assets</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_CashAndCashEquivalentsAtCarryingValue', window );">Cash and cash equivalents</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">636,666<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_RestrictedCashAndCashEquivalentsAtCarryingValue', window );">Restricted cash and cash equivalents</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ReceivablesNetCurrent', window );">Accounts receivable, net</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">43,204<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_AccountsReceivableNet', window );">Accounts receivable - related parties, net</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">147,848<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_AccountsAndOtherReceivablesNetCurrent', window );">Other receivable</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_DueFromRelatedPartiesCurrent', window );">Due from related parties</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_InventoryNet', window );">Inventory</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_PrepaidExpenseAndOtherAssetsCurrent', window );">Prepaid expense and other current assets</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_AssetsCurrent', window );">Total Current Assets</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">827,718<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_PropertyPlantAndEquipmentNet', window );">Property and equipment, net</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">58,150<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_Goodwill', window );">Goodwill, net</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_LongTermInvestments', window );">Long-term investments</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_DeferredTaxAssetsGrossNoncurrent', window );">Deferred tax assets</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_DepositsAssetsNoncurrent', window );">Security Deposits</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">10,440<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_Assets', window );">Total Assets</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">896,308<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_LiabilitiesCurrentAbstract', window );"><strong>Current Liabilities</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ShortTermBankLoansAndNotesPayable', window );">Short-term bank loan</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_LoansPayableToBankCurrent', window );">Long-term bank loan - current portion</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_NotesPayableCurrent', window );">Notes payable</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_abvcd_AccruedExpensesAndOtherCurrentLiabilitiesNet', window );">Accrued expenses and other current liabilities</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">83,026<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_DueToRelatedPartiesCurrent', window );">Due to related parties</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ConvertibleNotesPayableCurrent', window );">Convertible notes payable</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_NotesPayableRelatedPartiesClassifiedCurrent', window );">Convertible notes payable - related parties</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_LiabilitiesCurrent', window );">Total Current Liabilities</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">83,026<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_LongTermLoansFromBank', window );">Long-term bank loan</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_SecurityDepositLiability', window );">Tenant security deposit</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">2,880<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ConvertibleLongTermNotesPayable', window );">Convertible notes payable</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_NotesPayableRelatedPartiesNoncurrent', window );">Convertible notes payable - related parties</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_InterestReceivableNoncurrent', window );">Accrued interest</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_Liabilities', window );">Total Liabilities</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">85,906<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_StockholdersEquityAbstract', window );"><strong>Equity</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_PreferredStockValue', window );">Preferred stock</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">18,633,097<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_CommonStockValue', window );">Common stock</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">774,293<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_AdditionalPaidInCapital', window );">Additional paid-in capital</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">82,265<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_abvcd_StockSubscriptionReceivables', window );">Stock subscription receivable</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(1,667)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_RetainedEarningsAccumulatedDeficit', window );">Accumulated deficit</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(18,677,586)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_AccumulatedOtherComprehensiveIncomeLossNetOfTax', window );">Other comprehensive income</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_TreasuryStockValue', window );">Treasury stock</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_StockholdersEquity', window );">Total Stockholders' deficit</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">810,402<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_MinorityInterest', window );">Noncontrolling interest</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_StockholdersEquityIncludingPortionAttributableToNoncontrollingInterest', window );">Total Equity</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">810,402<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_LiabilitiesAndStockholdersEquity', window );">Total Liabilities and Equity</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">896,308<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_RelatedPartyTransactionAxis=abvcd_BioLiteMember', window );">BioLite [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_AssetsCurrentAbstract', window );"><strong>Current Assets</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_CashAndCashEquivalentsAtCarryingValue', window );">Cash and cash equivalents</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">186,644<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_RestrictedCashAndCashEquivalentsAtCarryingValue', window );">Restricted cash and cash equivalents</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ReceivablesNetCurrent', window );">Accounts receivable, net</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_AccountsReceivableNet', window );">Accounts receivable - related parties, net</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_AccountsAndOtherReceivablesNetCurrent', window );">Other receivable</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">39,005<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_DueFromRelatedPartiesCurrent', window );">Due from related parties</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">79,287<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_InventoryNet', window );">Inventory</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">1,318<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_PrepaidExpenseAndOtherAssetsCurrent', window );">Prepaid expense and other current assets</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">223,759<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_AssetsCurrent', window );">Total Current Assets</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">530,013<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_PropertyPlantAndEquipmentNet', window );">Property and equipment, net</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">510,066<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_Goodwill', window );">Goodwill, net</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_LongTermInvestments', window );">Long-term investments</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">3,488,169<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_DeferredTaxAssetsGrossNoncurrent', window );">Deferred tax assets</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">1,347,995<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_DepositsAssetsNoncurrent', window );">Security Deposits</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">27,418<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_Assets', window );">Total Assets</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">5,903,661<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_LiabilitiesCurrentAbstract', window );"><strong>Current Liabilities</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ShortTermBankLoansAndNotesPayable', window );">Short-term bank loan</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">899,250<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_LoansPayableToBankCurrent', window );">Long-term bank loan - current portion</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">39,835<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_NotesPayableCurrent', window );">Notes payable</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">510,447<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_abvcd_AccruedExpensesAndOtherCurrentLiabilitiesNet', window );">Accrued expenses and other current liabilities</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">687,709<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_DueToRelatedPartiesCurrent', window );">Due to related parties</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">3,341,005<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ConvertibleNotesPayableCurrent', window );">Convertible notes payable</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_NotesPayableRelatedPartiesClassifiedCurrent', window );">Convertible notes payable - related parties</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_LiabilitiesCurrent', window );">Total Current Liabilities</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">5,478,246<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_LongTermLoansFromBank', window );">Long-term bank loan</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">15,257<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_SecurityDepositLiability', window );">Tenant security deposit</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ConvertibleLongTermNotesPayable', window );">Convertible notes payable</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_NotesPayableRelatedPartiesNoncurrent', window );">Convertible notes payable - related parties</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_InterestReceivableNoncurrent', window );">Accrued interest</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_Liabilities', window );">Total Liabilities</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">5,493,503<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_StockholdersEquityAbstract', window );"><strong>Equity</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_PreferredStockValue', window );">Preferred stock</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_CommonStockValue', window );">Common stock</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">4,121<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_AdditionalPaidInCapital', window );">Additional paid-in capital</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">10,862,995<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_RetainedEarningsAccumulatedDeficit', window );">Accumulated deficit</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(11,445,109)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_AccumulatedOtherComprehensiveIncomeLossNetOfTax', window );">Other comprehensive income</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">670,541<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_TreasuryStockValue', window );">Treasury stock</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_StockholdersEquity', window );">Total Stockholders' deficit</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">92,548<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_MinorityInterest', window );">Noncontrolling interest</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">317,610<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_StockholdersEquityIncludingPortionAttributableToNoncontrollingInterest', window );">Total Equity</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">410,158<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_LiabilitiesAndStockholdersEquity', window );">Total Liabilities and Equity</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 5,903,661<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
</table>
<div style="display: none;">
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_abvcd_AccruedExpensesAndOtherCurrentLiabilitiesNet">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The net carrying amount as of the balance sheet date of obligations incurred and payable, pertaining to costs that are statutory in nature, are incurred on contractual obligations, or accumulate over time and for which invoices have not yet been received or will not be rendered. Examples include taxes, interest, rent and utilities. Used to reflect the current portion of the liabilities (due within one year or within the normal operating cycle if longer). Also includes current obligations not separately disclosed in the balance sheet due to materiality considerations. Current liabilities are expected to be paid within one year (or the normal operating cycle, if longer).</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">abvcd_AccruedExpensesAndOtherCurrentLiabilitiesNet</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>abvcd_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_abvcd_AdditionalPaidinCapital1">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Excess of issue price over par or stated value of the entity's capital stock and amounts received from other transactions involving the entity's stock or stockholders. Includes adjustments to additional paid in capital. Some examples of such adjustments include recording the issuance of debt with a beneficial conversion feature and certain tax consequences of equity instruments awarded to employees. Use this element for the aggregate amount of additional paid-in capital associated with common and preferred stock. For additional paid-in capital associated with only common stock, use the element additional paid in capital, common stock. For additional paid-in capital associated with only preferred stock, use the element additional paid in capital, preferred stock.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">abvcd_AdditionalPaidinCapital1</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>abvcd_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_abvcd_AdditionalPaidinCapital2">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Excess of issue price over par or stated value of the entity's capital stock and amounts received from other transactions involving the entity's stock or stockholders. Includes adjustments to additional paid in capital. Some examples of such adjustments include recording the issuance of debt with a beneficial conversion feature and certain tax consequences of equity instruments awarded to employees. Use this element for the aggregate amount of additional paid-in capital associated with common and preferred stock. For additional paid-in capital associated with only common stock, use the element additional paid in capital, common stock. For additional paid-in capital associated with only preferred stock, use the element additional paid in capital, preferred stock.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">abvcd_AdditionalPaidinCapital2</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>abvcd_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_abvcd_AdditionalPaidinCapital3">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Excess of issue price over par or stated value of the entity's capital stock and amounts received from other transactions involving the entity's stock or stockholders. Includes adjustments to additional paid in capital. Some examples of such adjustments include recording the issuance of debt with a beneficial conversion feature and certain tax consequences of equity instruments awarded to employees. Use this element for the aggregate amount of additional paid-in capital associated with common and preferred stock. For additional paid-in capital associated with only common stock, use the element additional paid in capital, common stock. For additional paid-in capital associated with only preferred stock, use the element additional paid in capital, preferred stock.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">abvcd_AdditionalPaidinCapital3</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>abvcd_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_abvcd_CommonStockToBeIssued">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Common stock to be issued.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">abvcd_CommonStockToBeIssued</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>abvcd_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_abvcd_CommonStockToBeIssued1">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Common stock to be issued1.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">abvcd_CommonStockToBeIssued1</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>abvcd_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_abvcd_CommonStockToBeIssued2">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- References</a><div><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">abvcd_CommonStockToBeIssued2</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>abvcd_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_abvcd_CommonStockToBeIssued3">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Common stock to be issued3.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">abvcd_CommonStockToBeIssued3</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>abvcd_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_abvcd_RetainedEarningsAccumulatedDeficit1">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Accumulated change in equity from transactions and other events and circumstances from non-owner sources, net of tax effect, at period end. Excludes Net Income (Loss), and accumulated changes in equity from transactions resulting from investments by owners and distributions to owners. Includes foreign currency translation items, certain pension adjustments, unrealized gains and losses on certain investments in debt and equity securities, other than temporary impairment (OTTI) losses related to factors other than credit losses on available-for-sale and held-to-maturity debt securities that an entity does not intend to sell and it is not more likely than not that the entity will be required to sell before recovery of the amortized cost basis, as well as changes in the fair value of derivatives related to the effective portion of a designated cash flow hedge.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">abvcd_RetainedEarningsAccumulatedDeficit1</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>abvcd_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_abvcd_RetainedEarningsAccumulatedDeficit2">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Accumulated change in equity from transactions and other events and circumstances from non-owner sources, net of tax effect, at period end. Excludes Net Income (Loss), and accumulated changes in equity from transactions resulting from investments by owners and distributions to owners. Includes foreign currency translation items, certain pension adjustments, unrealized gains and losses on certain investments in debt and equity securities, other than temporary impairment (OTTI) losses related to factors other than credit losses on available-for-sale and held-to-maturity debt securities that an entity does not intend to sell and it is not more likely than not that the entity will be required to sell before recovery of the amortized cost basis, as well as changes in the fair value of derivatives related to the effective portion of a designated cash flow hedge.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">abvcd_RetainedEarningsAccumulatedDeficit2</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>abvcd_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_abvcd_RetainedEarningsAccumulatedDeficit3">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Accumulated change in equity from transactions and other events and circumstances from non-owner sources, net of tax effect, at period end. Excludes Net Income (Loss), and accumulated changes in equity from transactions resulting from investments by owners and distributions to owners. Includes foreign currency translation items, certain pension adjustments, unrealized gains and losses on certain investments in debt and equity securities, other than temporary impairment (OTTI) losses related to factors other than credit losses on available-for-sale and held-to-maturity debt securities that an entity does not intend to sell and it is not more likely than not that the entity will be required to sell before recovery of the amortized cost basis, as well as changes in the fair value of derivatives related to the effective portion of a designated cash flow hedge.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">abvcd_RetainedEarningsAccumulatedDeficit3</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>abvcd_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_abvcd_StockSubscriptionReceivables">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- References</a><div><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">abvcd_StockSubscriptionReceivables</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>abvcd_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_abvcd_TreasurySharesOutstanding">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The amount of treasury shares outstanding.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">abvcd_TreasurySharesOutstanding</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>abvcd_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_AccountsAndOtherReceivablesNetCurrent">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount, after allowance, receivable from customers, clients, or other third-parties, and receivables classified as other due within one year or the normal operating cycle, if longer.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_AccountsAndOtherReceivablesNetCurrent</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_AccountsReceivableNet">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount, after allowance for credit loss, of right to consideration from customer for product sold and service rendered in normal course of business.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02(3))<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6877327&amp;loc=d3e13212-122682<br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 944<br> -SubTopic 210<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.7-03(5))<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=119400593&amp;loc=d3e572229-122910<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_AccountsReceivableNet</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_AccumulatedOtherComprehensiveIncomeLossNetOfTax">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Accumulated change in equity from transactions and other events and circumstances from non-owner sources, net of tax effect, at period end. Excludes Net Income (Loss), and accumulated changes in equity from transactions resulting from investments by owners and distributions to owners. Includes foreign currency translation items, certain pension adjustments, unrealized gains and losses on certain investments in debt and equity securities, other than temporary impairment (OTTI) losses related to factors other than credit losses on available-for-sale and held-to-maturity debt securities that an entity does not intend to sell and it is not more likely than not that the entity will be required to sell before recovery of the amortized cost basis, as well as changes in the fair value of derivatives related to the effective portion of a designated cash flow hedge.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 220<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 11<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=118930883&amp;loc=d3e637-108580<br><br>Reference 2: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 220<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 14A<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=118930883&amp;loc=SL7669686-108580<br><br>Reference 3: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 220<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 14<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=118930883&amp;loc=d3e681-108580<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_AccumulatedOtherComprehensiveIncomeLossNetOfTax</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_AdditionalPaidInCapital">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Excess of issue price over par or stated value of the entity's capital stock and amounts received from other transactions involving the entity's stock or stockholders. Includes adjustments to additional paid in capital. Some examples of such adjustments include recording the issuance of debt with a beneficial conversion feature and certain tax consequences of equity instruments awarded to employees. Use this element for the aggregate amount of additional paid-in capital associated with common and preferred stock. For additional paid-in capital associated with only common stock, use the element additional paid in capital, common stock. For additional paid-in capital associated with only preferred stock, use the element additional paid in capital, preferred stock.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02(30)(a)(1))<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6877327&amp;loc=d3e13212-122682<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_AdditionalPaidInCapital</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_Assets">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Sum of the carrying amounts as of the balance sheet date of all assets that are recognized. Assets are probable future economic benefits obtained or controlled by an entity as a result of past transactions or events.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 942<br> -SubTopic 210<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.9-03(11))<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6876686&amp;loc=d3e534808-122878<br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 280<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 22<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=115929826&amp;loc=d3e8736-108599<br><br>Reference 3: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 944<br> -SubTopic 210<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.7-03(a)(12))<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=119400593&amp;loc=d3e572229-122910<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_Assets</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_AssetsCurrent">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Sum of the carrying amounts as of the balance sheet date of all assets that are expected to be realized in cash, sold, or consumed within one year (or the normal operating cycle, if longer). Assets are probable future economic benefits obtained or controlled by an entity as a result of past transactions or events.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 3<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=118951113&amp;loc=d3e6801-107765<br><br>Reference 2: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02.9)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6877327&amp;loc=d3e13212-122682<br><br>Reference 3: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=118951113&amp;loc=d3e6676-107765<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_AssetsCurrent</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_AssetsCurrentAbstract">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- References</a><div><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_AssetsCurrentAbstract</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:stringItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_CashAndCashEquivalentsAtCarryingValue">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of currency on hand as well as demand deposits with banks or financial institutions. Includes other kinds of accounts that have the general characteristics of demand deposits. Also includes short-term, highly liquid investments that are both readily convertible to known amounts of cash and so near their maturity that they present insignificant risk of changes in value because of changes in interest rates. Excludes cash and cash equivalents within disposal group and discontinued operation.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 230<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 4<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=118932676&amp;loc=d3e3044-108585<br><br>Reference 2: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (a)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=118951113&amp;loc=d3e6676-107765<br><br>Reference 3: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02.1)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6877327&amp;loc=d3e13212-122682<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_CashAndCashEquivalentsAtCarryingValue</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_CommonStockValue">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Aggregate par or stated value of issued nonredeemable common stock (or common stock redeemable solely at the option of the issuer). This item includes treasury stock repurchased by the entity. Note: elements for number of nonredeemable common shares, par value and other disclosure concepts are in another section within stockholders' equity.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02(29))<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6877327&amp;loc=d3e13212-122682<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_CommonStockValue</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_ConvertibleLongTermNotesPayable">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Carrying value as of the balance sheet date of long-term debt (with maturities initially due after one year or beyond the operating cycle if longer) identified as Convertible Notes Payable, excluding current portion. Convertible Notes Payable is a written promise to pay a note which can be exchanged for a specified amount of another, related security, at the option of the issuer and the holder.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02.22)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6877327&amp;loc=d3e13212-122682<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_ConvertibleLongTermNotesPayable</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_ConvertibleNotesPayableCurrent">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Carrying value as of the balance sheet date of the portion of long-term debt due within one year or the operating cycle if longer identified as Convertible Notes Payable. Convertible Notes Payable is a written promise to pay a note which can be exchanged for a specified amount of another, related security, at the option of the issuer and the holder.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02.20)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6877327&amp;loc=d3e13212-122682<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_ConvertibleNotesPayableCurrent</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_DeferredTaxAssetsGrossNoncurrent">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount, before allocation of valuation allowance, of deferred tax asset attributable to deductible temporary differences and carryforwards, classified as noncurrent.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/otherTransitionRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 740<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 6<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=116821951&amp;loc=d3e31931-109318<br><br>Reference 2: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/otherTransitionRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 740<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -Subparagraph (b)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=84230637&amp;loc=d3e32537-109319<br><br>Reference 3: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/otherTransitionRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 740<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 4<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=116821951&amp;loc=d3e31917-109318<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_DeferredTaxAssetsGrossNoncurrent</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_DepositsAssetsNoncurrent">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Carrying value of amounts transferred to third parties for security purposes that are expected to be returned or applied towards payment after one year or beyond the operating cycle, if longer.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02.17)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6877327&amp;loc=d3e13212-122682<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_DepositsAssetsNoncurrent</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_DueFromRelatedPartiesCurrent">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The aggregate amount of receivables to be collected from related parties where one party can exercise control or significant influence over another party; including affiliates, owners or officers and their immediate families, pension trusts, and so forth, at the financial statement date. which are usually due within one year (or one business cycle).</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 235<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.4-08(k)(1))<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=26873400&amp;loc=d3e23780-122690<br><br>Reference 2: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02(11))<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6877327&amp;loc=d3e13212-122682<br><br>Reference 3: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02(3)(a)(2))<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6877327&amp;loc=d3e13212-122682<br><br>Reference 4: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (d)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=118951113&amp;loc=d3e6676-107765<br><br>Reference 5: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 850<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (d)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6457730&amp;loc=d3e39549-107864<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_DueFromRelatedPartiesCurrent</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_DueToRelatedPartiesCurrent">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Carrying amount as of the balance sheet date of obligations due all related parties. For classified balance sheets, represents the current portion of such liabilities (due within one year or within the normal operating cycle if longer).</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 235<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.4-08.(k)(1))<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=26873400&amp;loc=d3e23780-122690<br><br>Reference 2: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 850<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (d)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6457730&amp;loc=d3e39549-107864<br><br>Reference 3: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02.19(a))<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6877327&amp;loc=d3e13212-122682<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_DueToRelatedPartiesCurrent</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_Goodwill">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount after accumulated impairment loss of an asset representing future economic benefits arising from other assets acquired in a business combination that are not individually identified and separately recognized.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 350<br> -SubTopic 20<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 5<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=77989000&amp;loc=SL49117168-202975<br><br>Reference 2: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 350<br> -SubTopic 20<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=99380562&amp;loc=d3e13770-109266<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_Goodwill</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_InterestReceivableNoncurrent">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Carrying amount as of the balance sheet date of noncurrent interest earned but not received. Also called accrued interest or accrued interest receivable.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02(17))<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6877327&amp;loc=d3e13212-122682<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_InterestReceivableNoncurrent</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_InventoryNet">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount after valuation and LIFO reserves of inventory expected to be sold, or consumed within one year or operating cycle, if longer.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (b)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=118951113&amp;loc=d3e6676-107765<br><br>Reference 2: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 330<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 35<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=116846819&amp;loc=d3e3927-108312<br><br>Reference 3: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02.6(a))<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6877327&amp;loc=d3e13212-122682<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_InventoryNet</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_Liabilities">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Sum of the carrying amounts as of the balance sheet date of all liabilities that are recognized. Liabilities are probable future sacrifices of economic benefits arising from present obligations of an entity to transfer assets or provide services to other entities in the future.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02.19-26)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6877327&amp;loc=d3e13212-122682<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_Liabilities</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_LiabilitiesAndStockholdersEquity">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of liabilities and equity items, including the portion of equity attributable to noncontrolling interests, if any.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 942<br> -SubTopic 210<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.9-03(23))<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6876686&amp;loc=d3e534808-122878<br><br>Reference 2: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 944<br> -SubTopic 210<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.7-03(a)(25))<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=119400593&amp;loc=d3e572229-122910<br><br>Reference 3: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02(32))<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6877327&amp;loc=d3e13212-122682<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_LiabilitiesAndStockholdersEquity</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_LiabilitiesCurrent">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Total obligations incurred as part of normal operations that are expected to be paid during the following twelve months or within one business cycle, if longer.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02.21)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6877327&amp;loc=d3e13212-122682<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_LiabilitiesCurrent</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_LiabilitiesCurrentAbstract">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- References</a><div><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_LiabilitiesCurrentAbstract</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:stringItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_LoansPayableToBankCurrent">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Carrying value as of the balance sheet date of current portion of long-term loans payable to bank due within one year or the operating cycle if longer.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02(19))<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6877327&amp;loc=d3e13212-122682<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_LoansPayableToBankCurrent</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_LongTermInvestments">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The total amount of investments that are intended to be held for an extended period of time (longer than one operating cycle).</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02.12)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6877327&amp;loc=d3e13212-122682<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_LongTermInvestments</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_LongTermLoansFromBank">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Carrying value as of the balance sheet date of loans from a bank with maturities initially due after one year or beyond the operating cycle if longer, excluding current portion.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02(22))<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6877327&amp;loc=d3e13212-122682<br><br>Reference 2: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 942<br> -SubTopic 210<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.9-03(16))<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6876686&amp;loc=d3e534808-122878<br><br>Reference 3: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 944<br> -SubTopic 210<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.7-03(a)(16)(a)(2))<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=119400593&amp;loc=d3e572229-122910<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_LongTermLoansFromBank</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_MinorityInterest">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Total of all stockholders' equity (deficit) items, net of receivables from officers, directors, owners, and affiliates of the entity which is directly or indirectly attributable to that ownership interest in subsidiary equity which is not attributable to the parent (that is, noncontrolling interest, previously referred to as minority interest).</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 944<br> -SubTopic 210<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.7-03(a)(24))<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=119400593&amp;loc=d3e572229-122910<br><br>Reference 2: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02.31)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6877327&amp;loc=d3e13212-122682<br><br>Reference 3: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 942<br> -SubTopic 210<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.9-03(22))<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6876686&amp;loc=d3e534808-122878<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_MinorityInterest</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_NotesPayableCurrent">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Sum of the carrying values as of the balance sheet date of the portions of long-term notes payable due within one year or the operating cycle if longer.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02.19,20)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6877327&amp;loc=d3e13212-122682<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_NotesPayableCurrent</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_NotesPayableRelatedPartiesClassifiedCurrent">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The amount for notes payable (written promise to pay), due to related parties. Used to reflect the current portion of the liabilities (due within one year or within the normal operating cycle if longer).</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 850<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6457730&amp;loc=d3e39549-107864<br><br>Reference 2: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 235<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.4-08.(k)(1))<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=26873400&amp;loc=d3e23780-122690<br><br>Reference 3: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02.19(a)(5))<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6877327&amp;loc=d3e13212-122682<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_NotesPayableRelatedPartiesClassifiedCurrent</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_NotesPayableRelatedPartiesNoncurrent">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The amount for notes payable (written promise to pay), payable to related parties, which are due after one year (or one business cycle).</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 850<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (d)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6457730&amp;loc=d3e39549-107864<br><br>Reference 2: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 235<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.4-08.(k)(1))<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=26873400&amp;loc=d3e23780-122690<br><br>Reference 3: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02.23)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6877327&amp;loc=d3e13212-122682<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_NotesPayableRelatedPartiesNoncurrent</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_PreferredStockValue">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Aggregate par or stated value of issued nonredeemable preferred stock (or preferred stock redeemable solely at the option of the issuer). This item includes treasury stock repurchased by the entity. Note: elements for number of nonredeemable preferred shares, par value and other disclosure concepts are in another section within stockholders' equity.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02(28))<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6877327&amp;loc=d3e13212-122682<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_PreferredStockValue</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_PrepaidExpenseAndOtherAssetsCurrent">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of asset related to consideration paid in advance for costs that provide economic benefits in future periods, and amount of other assets that are expected to be realized or consumed within one year or the normal operating cycle, if longer.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02(7))<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6877327&amp;loc=d3e13212-122682<br><br>Reference 2: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=118951113&amp;loc=d3e6676-107765<br><br>Reference 3: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02(8))<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6877327&amp;loc=d3e13212-122682<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_PrepaidExpenseAndOtherAssetsCurrent</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_PropertyPlantAndEquipmentNet">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount after accumulated depreciation, depletion and amortization of physical assets used in the normal conduct of business to produce goods and services and not intended for resale. Examples include, but are not limited to, land, buildings, machinery and equipment, office equipment, and furniture and fixtures.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02(14))<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6877327&amp;loc=d3e13212-122682<br><br>Reference 2: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 360<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6391035&amp;loc=d3e2868-110229<br><br>Reference 3: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 944<br> -SubTopic 210<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.7-03(a)(8))<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=119400593&amp;loc=d3e572229-122910<br><br>Reference 4: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02(13))<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6877327&amp;loc=d3e13212-122682<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_PropertyPlantAndEquipmentNet</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_ReceivablesNetCurrent">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The total amount due to the entity within one year of the balance sheet date (or one operating cycle, if longer) from outside sources, including trade accounts receivable, notes and loans receivable, as well as any other types of receivables, net of allowances established for the purpose of reducing such receivables to an amount that approximates their net realizable value.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 944<br> -SubTopic 210<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.7-03(a)(5))<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=119400593&amp;loc=d3e572229-122910<br><br>Reference 2: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02(3))<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6877327&amp;loc=d3e13212-122682<br><br>Reference 3: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 946<br> -SubTopic 210<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 3<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.6-06(3))<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6488278&amp;loc=d3e604059-122996<br><br>Reference 4: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02(4))<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6877327&amp;loc=d3e13212-122682<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_ReceivablesNetCurrent</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_RestrictedCashAndCashEquivalentsAtCarryingValue">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of cash and cash equivalents restricted as to withdrawal or usage, classified as current. Cash includes, but is not limited to, currency on hand, demand deposits with banks or financial institutions, and other accounts with general characteristics of demand deposits. Cash equivalents include, but are not limited to, short-term, highly liquid investments that are both readily convertible to known amounts of cash and so near their maturity that they present insignificant risk of changes in value because of changes in interest rates.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (a)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=118951113&amp;loc=d3e6676-107765<br><br>Reference 2: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 230<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 4<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=118932676&amp;loc=d3e3044-108585<br><br>Reference 3: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02(1))<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6877327&amp;loc=d3e13212-122682<br><br>Reference 4: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 230<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 8<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=98513485&amp;loc=SL98516268-108586<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_RestrictedCashAndCashEquivalentsAtCarryingValue</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_RetainedEarningsAccumulatedDeficit">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The cumulative amount of the reporting entity's undistributed earnings or deficit.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02(30)(a)(3))<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6877327&amp;loc=d3e13212-122682<br><br>Reference 2: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 944<br> -SubTopic 210<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.7-03(a)(23)(a)(4))<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=119400593&amp;loc=d3e572229-122910<br><br>Reference 3: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 505<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.3-04)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=27012166&amp;loc=d3e187085-122770<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_RetainedEarningsAccumulatedDeficit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_SecurityDepositLiability">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>This element represents money paid in advance to protect the provider of a product or service, such as a lessor, against damage or nonpayment by the buyer or tenant (lessee) during the term of the agreement. Such damages may include physical damage to the property, theft of property, and other contractual breaches. Security deposits held may be interest or noninterest bearing.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 944<br> -SubTopic 210<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.7-03.15(a))<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=119400593&amp;loc=d3e572229-122910<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_SecurityDepositLiability</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_ShortTermBankLoansAndNotesPayable">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of borrowings from a bank classified as other, maturing within one year or operating cycle, if longer.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02.19(a)(1))<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6877327&amp;loc=d3e13212-122682<br><br>Reference 2: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 944<br> -SubTopic 210<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.7-03.16)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=119400593&amp;loc=d3e572229-122910<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_ShortTermBankLoansAndNotesPayable</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_StockholdersEquity">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Total of all stockholders' equity (deficit) items, net of receivables from officers, directors, owners, and affiliates of the entity which are attributable to the parent. The amount of the economic entity's stockholders' equity attributable to the parent excludes the amount of stockholders' equity which is allocable to that ownership interest in subsidiary equity which is not attributable to the parent (noncontrolling interest, minority interest). This excludes temporary equity and is sometimes called permanent equity.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 310<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -Subparagraph (SAB Topic 4.E)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=27010918&amp;loc=d3e74512-122707<br><br>Reference 2: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02(31))<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6877327&amp;loc=d3e13212-122682<br><br>Reference 3: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02(29))<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6877327&amp;loc=d3e13212-122682<br><br>Reference 4: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02(30))<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6877327&amp;loc=d3e13212-122682<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_StockholdersEquity</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_StockholdersEquityAbstract">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- References</a><div><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_StockholdersEquityAbstract</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:stringItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_StockholdersEquityIncludingPortionAttributableToNoncontrollingInterest">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of stockholders' equity (deficit), net of receivables from officers, directors, owners, and affiliates of the entity, attributable to both the parent and noncontrolling interests. Amount excludes temporary equity. Alternate caption for the concept is permanent equity.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 810<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 16<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=108774443&amp;loc=SL4568740-111683<br><br>Reference 2: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 810<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 55<br> -Paragraph 4I<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=116874947&amp;loc=SL4590271-111686<br><br>Reference 3: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 810<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 15<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=108774443&amp;loc=SL4568447-111683<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_StockholdersEquityIncludingPortionAttributableToNoncontrollingInterest</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_TreasuryStockValue">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The amount allocated to treasury stock. Treasury stock is common and preferred shares of an entity that were issued, repurchased by the entity, and are held in its treasury.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 505<br> -SubTopic 30<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 4<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6405834&amp;loc=d3e23315-112656<br><br>Reference 2: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02.29,30)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6877327&amp;loc=d3e13212-122682<br><br>Reference 3: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 505<br> -SubTopic 30<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6405813&amp;loc=d3e23239-112655<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_TreasuryStockValue</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_srt_StatementScenarioAxis=abvcd_ProFormaAdjustmentMember">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Details</a><div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">srt_StatementScenarioAxis=abvcd_ProFormaAdjustmentMember</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_srt_StatementScenarioAxis=srt_ProFormaMember">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Details</a><div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">srt_StatementScenarioAxis=srt_ProFormaMember</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_RelatedPartyTransactionAxis=abvcd_ABVCMember">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Details</a><div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_RelatedPartyTransactionAxis=abvcd_ABVCMember</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_RelatedPartyTransactionAxis=abvcd_BioKeyMember">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Details</a><div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_RelatedPartyTransactionAxis=abvcd_BioKeyMember</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_RelatedPartyTransactionAxis=abvcd_BioLiteMember">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Details</a><div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_RelatedPartyTransactionAxis=abvcd_BioLiteMember</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
</div>
</body>
</html>
</TEXT>
</DOCUMENT>
<DOCUMENT>
<TYPE>XML
<SEQUENCE>96
<FILENAME>R82.htm
<DESCRIPTION>IDEA: XBRL DOCUMENT
<TEXT>
<html>
<head>
<title></title>
<link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="report.css">
<script type="text/javascript" src="Show.js">/* Do Not Remove This Comment */</script><script type="text/javascript">
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<span style="display: none;">v3.19.2</span><table class="report" border="0" cellspacing="2" id="idp6891675424">
<tr>
<th class="tl" colspan="1" rowspan="2"><div style="width: 200px;"><strong>Pro Forma Financial Statements (Details 1) - USD ($)<br></strong></div></th>
<th class="th" colspan="2">3 Months Ended</th>
<th class="th" colspan="2">12 Months Ended</th>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="th"><div>Mar. 31, 2019</div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Mar. 31, 2018</div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Dec. 31, 2018</div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Dec. 31, 2017</div></th>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_Revenues', window );">Revenues</a></td>
<td class="nump">$ 212,242<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_CostOfRevenue', window );">Cost of revenues</a></td>
<td class="nump">1,499<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_GrossProfit', window );">Gross profit</a></td>
<td class="nump">210,743<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_OperatingExpensesAbstract', window );"><strong>Operating expenses</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_SellingGeneralAndAdministrativeExpense', window );">Selling, general and administrative expenses</a></td>
<td class="nump">510,803<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">420,462<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">695,148<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">811,685<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ResearchAndDevelopmentExpense', window );">Research and development expenses</a></td>
<td class="nump">421,956<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">248,111<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">669,668<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">3,171,665<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensation', window );">Stock based compensation</a></td>
<td class="nump">8,550<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">5,626<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">28,800<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">155,400<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_OperatingExpenses', window );">Total operating expenses</a></td>
<td class="nump">941,309<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">674,199<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">1,393,616<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">4,138,750<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_OperatingIncomeLoss', window );">Loss from operations</a></td>
<td class="num">(730,566)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(674,199)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(1,393,616)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(4,138,750)<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_NonoperatingIncomeExpenseAbstract', window );"><strong>Other income (expense)</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_InvestmentIncomeInterest', window );">Interest income</a></td>
<td class="nump">189<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">1,150<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">93<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">180<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_InterestExpense', window );">Interest Expense</a></td>
<td class="num">(129,886)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(106,854)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(155,930)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(103,460)<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_RentalIncomeNonoperating', window );">Rental income</a></td>
<td class="num">(3,891)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">3,066<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_GainLossOnInvestments', window );">Investment loss</a></td>
<td class="num">(66,205)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(38,567)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(549)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ForeignCurrencyTransactionGainLossBeforeTax', window );">Gain/Loss on foreign exchange changes</a></td>
<td class="num">(3)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">7,515<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_NonoperatingIncomeExpense', window );">Total other income (expenses)</a></td>
<td class="num">(200,296)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(133,705)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(2,705,837)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(103,280)<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_IncomeLossFromContinuingOperationsBeforeIncomeTaxesExtraordinaryItemsNoncontrollingInterest', window );">Loss before provision for income tax</a></td>
<td class="num">(930,862)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(807,904)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(4,099,453)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(4,242,030)<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_IncomeTaxExpenseBenefit', window );">Provision for income tax (benefit)</a></td>
<td class="num">(57,545)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(94,282)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">1,850<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">830<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_NetIncomeLoss', window );">Net loss attributable to ABVC and subsidiaries</a></td>
<td class="num">(873,317)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(713,622)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(4,101,303)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(4,242,860)<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_OtherComprehensiveIncomeLossForeignCurrencyTransactionAndTranslationAdjustmentNetOfTax', window );">Foreign currency translation adjustment</a></td>
<td class="num">(86,786)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">64,994<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ComprehensiveIncomeNetOfTax', window );">Comprehensive Income (Loss)</a></td>
<td class="num">$ (878,457)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">$ (536,393)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_EarningsPerShareBasicAndDilutedAbstract', window );"><strong>Net loss per share attributable to common stockholders</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_EarningsPerShareBasicAndDiluted', window );">Basic and diluted</a></td>
<td class="num">$ (0.05)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">$ (0.05)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">$ (0.02)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">$ (0.02)<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_EarningsPerShareBasicAndDilutedOtherDisclosuresAbstract', window );"><strong>Weighted average number of common shares outstanding</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_WeightedAverageNumberOfShareOutstandingBasicAndDiluted', window );">Basic and diluted</a></td>
<td class="nump">14,965,665<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">11,599,911<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">213,884,105<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">213,321,921<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_srt_StatementScenarioAxis=abvcd_ProFormaAdjustmentMember', window );">Pro Forma Adjustment [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_Revenues', window );">Revenues</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_CostOfRevenue', window );">Cost of revenues</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_GrossProfit', window );">Gross profit</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_OperatingExpensesAbstract', window );"><strong>Operating expenses</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_SellingGeneralAndAdministrativeExpense', window );">Selling, general and administrative expenses</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ResearchAndDevelopmentExpense', window );">Research and development expenses</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensation', window );">Stock based compensation</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_OperatingExpenses', window );">Total operating expenses</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_NonoperatingIncomeExpenseAbstract', window );"><strong>Other income (expense)</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_InvestmentIncomeInterest', window );">Interest income</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_InterestExpense', window );">Interest Expense</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_RentalIncomeNonoperating', window );">Rental income</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_abvcd_NonOperatingImpairmentLoss', window );">Impairment loss</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_GainLossOnInvestments', window );">Investment loss</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ForeignCurrencyTransactionGainLossBeforeTax', window );">Gain/Loss on foreign exchange changes</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_abvcd_GainlossOnInvestmentInEquitySecurities', window );">Gain/Loss on investment in equity securities</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_OtherNonoperatingIncomeExpense', window );">Other income (expense)</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_NonoperatingIncomeExpense', window );">Total other income (expenses)</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_IncomeLossFromContinuingOperationsBeforeIncomeTaxesExtraordinaryItemsNoncontrollingInterest', window );">Loss before provision for income tax</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_IncomeTaxExpenseBenefit', window );">Provision for income tax (benefit)</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ProfitLoss', window );">Net loss</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_NetIncomeLossAttributableToNoncontrollingInterest', window );">Net loss attributable to noncontrolling interests</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_NetIncomeLoss', window );">Net loss attributable to ABVC and subsidiaries</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_OtherComprehensiveIncomeLossForeignCurrencyTransactionAndTranslationAdjustmentNetOfTax', window );">Foreign currency translation adjustment</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ComprehensiveIncomeNetOfTax', window );">Comprehensive Income (Loss)</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_EarningsPerShareBasicAndDilutedAbstract', window );"><strong>Net loss per share attributable to common stockholders</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_EarningsPerShareBasicAndDiluted', window );">Basic and diluted</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_EarningsPerShareBasicAndDilutedOtherDisclosuresAbstract', window );"><strong>Weighted average number of common shares outstanding</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_WeightedAverageNumberOfShareOutstandingBasicAndDiluted', window );">Basic and diluted</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_srt_StatementScenarioAxis=srt_ProFormaMember', window );">Pro Forma [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_Revenues', window );">Revenues</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 517,153<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_CostOfRevenue', window );">Cost of revenues</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">190,089<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_GrossProfit', window );">Gross profit</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">327,064<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_OperatingExpensesAbstract', window );"><strong>Operating expenses</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_SellingGeneralAndAdministrativeExpense', window );">Selling, general and administrative expenses</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">2,258,040<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ResearchAndDevelopmentExpense', window );">Research and development expenses</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">1,419,638<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensation', window );">Stock based compensation</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">28,800<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_OperatingExpenses', window );">Total operating expenses</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">3,706,478<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_OperatingIncomeLoss', window );">Loss from operations</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(3,379,414)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_NonoperatingIncomeExpenseAbstract', window );"><strong>Other income (expense)</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_InvestmentIncomeInterest', window );">Interest income</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">9,810<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_InterestExpense', window );">Interest Expense</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(462,751)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_RentalIncomeNonoperating', window );">Rental income</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">11,924<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_abvcd_NonOperatingImpairmentLoss', window );">Impairment loss</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(63,663)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_GainLossOnInvestments', window );">Investment loss</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(396,025)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ForeignCurrencyTransactionGainLossBeforeTax', window );">Gain/Loss on foreign exchange changes</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">7,307<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_abvcd_GainlossOnInvestmentInEquitySecurities', window );">Gain/Loss on investment in equity securities</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(2,741,914)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_OtherNonoperatingIncomeExpense', window );">Other income (expense)</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(4,524)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_NonoperatingIncomeExpense', window );">Total other income (expenses)</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(3,639,836)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_IncomeLossFromContinuingOperationsBeforeIncomeTaxesExtraordinaryItemsNoncontrollingInterest', window );">Loss before provision for income tax</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(7,019,250)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_IncomeTaxExpenseBenefit', window );">Provision for income tax (benefit)</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(364,297)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ProfitLoss', window );">Net loss</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(6,654,953)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_NetIncomeLossAttributableToNoncontrollingInterest', window );">Net loss attributable to noncontrolling interests</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">489,151<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_NetIncomeLoss', window );">Net loss attributable to ABVC and subsidiaries</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(7,144,104)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_OtherComprehensiveIncomeLossForeignCurrencyTransactionAndTranslationAdjustmentNetOfTax', window );">Foreign currency translation adjustment</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">86,786<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ComprehensiveIncomeNetOfTax', window );">Comprehensive Income (Loss)</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">$ (7,230,890)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_EarningsPerShareBasicAndDilutedAbstract', window );"><strong>Net loss per share attributable to common stockholders</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_EarningsPerShareBasicAndDiluted', window );">Basic and diluted</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">$ (0.03)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_EarningsPerShareBasicAndDilutedOtherDisclosuresAbstract', window );"><strong>Weighted average number of common shares outstanding</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_WeightedAverageNumberOfShareOutstandingBasicAndDiluted', window );">Basic and diluted</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">214,156,988<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_RelatedPartyTransactionAxis=abvcd_ABVCMember', window );">ABVC [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_Revenues', window );">Revenues</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_CostOfRevenue', window );">Cost of revenues</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_GrossProfit', window );">Gross profit</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_OperatingExpensesAbstract', window );"><strong>Operating expenses</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_SellingGeneralAndAdministrativeExpense', window );">Selling, general and administrative expenses</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">695,148<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ResearchAndDevelopmentExpense', window );">Research and development expenses</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">669,668<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensation', window );">Stock based compensation</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">28,800<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_OperatingExpenses', window );">Total operating expenses</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">1,393,616<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_OperatingIncomeLoss', window );">Loss from operations</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(1,393,616)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_NonoperatingIncomeExpenseAbstract', window );"><strong>Other income (expense)</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_InvestmentIncomeInterest', window );">Interest income</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">93<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_InterestExpense', window );">Interest Expense</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(155,930)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_RentalIncomeNonoperating', window );">Rental income</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_abvcd_NonOperatingImpairmentLoss', window );">Impairment loss</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_GainLossOnInvestments', window );">Investment loss</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(549)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ForeignCurrencyTransactionGainLossBeforeTax', window );">Gain/Loss on foreign exchange changes</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_abvcd_GainlossOnInvestmentInEquitySecurities', window );">Gain/Loss on investment in equity securities</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(2,549,451)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_OtherNonoperatingIncomeExpense', window );">Other income (expense)</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_NonoperatingIncomeExpense', window );">Total other income (expenses)</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(2,705,837)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_IncomeLossFromContinuingOperationsBeforeIncomeTaxesExtraordinaryItemsNoncontrollingInterest', window );">Loss before provision for income tax</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(4,099,453)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_IncomeTaxExpenseBenefit', window );">Provision for income tax (benefit)</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">1,850<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ProfitLoss', window );">Net loss</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(4,101,303)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_NetIncomeLossAttributableToNoncontrollingInterest', window );">Net loss attributable to noncontrolling interests</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_NetIncomeLoss', window );">Net loss attributable to ABVC and subsidiaries</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(4,101,303)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_OtherComprehensiveIncomeLossForeignCurrencyTransactionAndTranslationAdjustmentNetOfTax', window );">Foreign currency translation adjustment</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ComprehensiveIncomeNetOfTax', window );">Comprehensive Income (Loss)</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">$ (4,101,303)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_EarningsPerShareBasicAndDilutedAbstract', window );"><strong>Net loss per share attributable to common stockholders</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_EarningsPerShareBasicAndDiluted', window );">Basic and diluted</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">$ (0.02)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_EarningsPerShareBasicAndDilutedOtherDisclosuresAbstract', window );"><strong>Weighted average number of common shares outstanding</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_WeightedAverageNumberOfShareOutstandingBasicAndDiluted', window );">Basic and diluted</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">213,884,105<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_RelatedPartyTransactionAxis=abvcd_BioKeyMember', window );">BioKey [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_Revenues', window );">Revenues</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 510,197<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_CostOfRevenue', window );">Cost of revenues</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">4,809<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_GrossProfit', window );">Gross profit</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">505,388<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_OperatingExpensesAbstract', window );"><strong>Operating expenses</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_SellingGeneralAndAdministrativeExpense', window );">Selling, general and administrative expenses</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">669,322<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ResearchAndDevelopmentExpense', window );">Research and development expenses</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">430,917<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensation', window );">Stock based compensation</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_OperatingExpenses', window );">Total operating expenses</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">1,100,239<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_OperatingIncomeLoss', window );">Loss from operations</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(594,851)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_NonoperatingIncomeExpenseAbstract', window );"><strong>Other income (expense)</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_InvestmentIncomeInterest', window );">Interest income</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">4,598<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_InterestExpense', window );">Interest Expense</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_RentalIncomeNonoperating', window );">Rental income</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_abvcd_NonOperatingImpairmentLoss', window );">Impairment loss</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_GainLossOnInvestments', window );">Investment loss</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ForeignCurrencyTransactionGainLossBeforeTax', window );">Gain/Loss on foreign exchange changes</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_abvcd_GainlossOnInvestmentInEquitySecurities', window );">Gain/Loss on investment in equity securities</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_OtherNonoperatingIncomeExpense', window );">Other income (expense)</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">630<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_NonoperatingIncomeExpense', window );">Total other income (expenses)</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">5,228<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_IncomeLossFromContinuingOperationsBeforeIncomeTaxesExtraordinaryItemsNoncontrollingInterest', window );">Loss before provision for income tax</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(589,623)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_IncomeTaxExpenseBenefit', window );">Provision for income tax (benefit)</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">800<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ProfitLoss', window );">Net loss</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(590,423)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_NetIncomeLossAttributableToNoncontrollingInterest', window );">Net loss attributable to noncontrolling interests</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_NetIncomeLoss', window );">Net loss attributable to ABVC and subsidiaries</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(590,423)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_OtherComprehensiveIncomeLossForeignCurrencyTransactionAndTranslationAdjustmentNetOfTax', window );">Foreign currency translation adjustment</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ComprehensiveIncomeNetOfTax', window );">Comprehensive Income (Loss)</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">$ (590,423)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_EarningsPerShareBasicAndDilutedAbstract', window );"><strong>Net loss per share attributable to common stockholders</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_EarningsPerShareBasicAndDiluted', window );">Basic and diluted</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_EarningsPerShareBasicAndDilutedOtherDisclosuresAbstract', window );"><strong>Weighted average number of common shares outstanding</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_WeightedAverageNumberOfShareOutstandingBasicAndDiluted', window );">Basic and diluted</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_RelatedPartyTransactionAxis=abvcd_BioLiteMember', window );">BioLite [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_Revenues', window );">Revenues</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 6,956<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_CostOfRevenue', window );">Cost of revenues</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">185,280<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_GrossProfit', window );">Gross profit</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(178,324)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_OperatingExpensesAbstract', window );"><strong>Operating expenses</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_SellingGeneralAndAdministrativeExpense', window );">Selling, general and administrative expenses</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">893,570<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ResearchAndDevelopmentExpense', window );">Research and development expenses</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">319,053<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensation', window );">Stock based compensation</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_OperatingExpenses', window );">Total operating expenses</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">1,212,623<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_OperatingIncomeLoss', window );">Loss from operations</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(1,390,947)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_NonoperatingIncomeExpenseAbstract', window );"><strong>Other income (expense)</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_InvestmentIncomeInterest', window );">Interest income</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">5,119<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_InterestExpense', window );">Interest Expense</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(306,821)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_RentalIncomeNonoperating', window );">Rental income</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">11,924<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_abvcd_NonOperatingImpairmentLoss', window );">Impairment loss</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(63,663)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_GainLossOnInvestments', window );">Investment loss</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(395,476)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ForeignCurrencyTransactionGainLossBeforeTax', window );">Gain/Loss on foreign exchange changes</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">7,307<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_abvcd_GainlossOnInvestmentInEquitySecurities', window );">Gain/Loss on investment in equity securities</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(192,463)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_OtherNonoperatingIncomeExpense', window );">Other income (expense)</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(5,154)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_NonoperatingIncomeExpense', window );">Total other income (expenses)</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(939,227)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_IncomeLossFromContinuingOperationsBeforeIncomeTaxesExtraordinaryItemsNoncontrollingInterest', window );">Loss before provision for income tax</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(2,330,174)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_IncomeTaxExpenseBenefit', window );">Provision for income tax (benefit)</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(366,947)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ProfitLoss', window );">Net loss</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(1,963,227)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_NetIncomeLossAttributableToNoncontrollingInterest', window );">Net loss attributable to noncontrolling interests</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">489,151<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_NetIncomeLoss', window );">Net loss attributable to ABVC and subsidiaries</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(1,474,067)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_OtherComprehensiveIncomeLossForeignCurrencyTransactionAndTranslationAdjustmentNetOfTax', window );">Foreign currency translation adjustment</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">86,786<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ComprehensiveIncomeNetOfTax', window );">Comprehensive Income (Loss)</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">$ (1,560,862)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_EarningsPerShareBasicAndDilutedAbstract', window );"><strong>Net loss per share attributable to common stockholders</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_EarningsPerShareBasicAndDiluted', window );">Basic and diluted</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_EarningsPerShareBasicAndDilutedOtherDisclosuresAbstract', window );"><strong>Weighted average number of common shares outstanding</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_WeightedAverageNumberOfShareOutstandingBasicAndDiluted', window );">Basic and diluted</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
</table>
<div style="display: none;">
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_abvcd_GainlossOnInvestmentInEquitySecurities">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- References</a><div><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">abvcd_GainlossOnInvestmentInEquitySecurities</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>abvcd_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_abvcd_NonOperatingImpairmentLoss">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of loss from impairment of right-of-use asset from non operating .</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">abvcd_NonOperatingImpairmentLoss</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>abvcd_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_ComprehensiveIncomeNetOfTax">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount after tax of increase (decrease) in equity from transactions and other events and circumstances from net income and other comprehensive income, attributable to parent entity. Excludes changes in equity resulting from investments by owners and distributions to owners.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 220<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 5<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=118930883&amp;loc=d3e557-108580<br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 220<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 1B<br> -Subparagraph (b)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=118930883&amp;loc=SL7669625-108580<br><br>Reference 3: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 220<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 1A<br> -Subparagraph (c)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=118930883&amp;loc=SL7669619-108580<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_ComprehensiveIncomeNetOfTax</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_CostOfRevenue">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The aggregate cost of goods produced and sold and services rendered during the reporting period.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 220<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-03.2)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=116634182&amp;loc=SL114868664-224227<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_CostOfRevenue</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
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</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
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</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_EarningsPerShareBasicAndDiluted">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The amount of net income or loss for the period per each share in instances when basic and diluted earnings per share are the same amount and reported as a single line item on the face of the financial statements.  Basic earnings per share is the amount of net income or loss for the period per each share of common stock or unit outstanding during the reporting period.  Diluted earnings per share includes the amount of net income or loss for the period available to each share of common stock or common unit outstanding during the reporting period and to each share or unit that would have been outstanding assuming the issuance of common shares or units for all dilutive potential common shares or units outstanding during the reporting period.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/commonPracticeRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 260<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 7<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=117326831&amp;loc=d3e1337-109256<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_EarningsPerShareBasicAndDiluted</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>num:perShareItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
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</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_EarningsPerShareBasicAndDilutedAbstract">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- References</a><div><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_EarningsPerShareBasicAndDilutedAbstract</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:stringItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_EarningsPerShareBasicAndDilutedOtherDisclosuresAbstract">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- References</a><div><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_EarningsPerShareBasicAndDilutedOtherDisclosuresAbstract</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:stringItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_ForeignCurrencyTransactionGainLossBeforeTax">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount before tax of foreign currency transaction realized and unrealized gain (loss) recognized in the income statement.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 830<br> -SubTopic 20<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6450222&amp;loc=d3e30840-110895<br><br>Reference 2: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 830<br> -SubTopic 20<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=109240200&amp;loc=d3e30700-110894<br><br>Reference 3: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 830<br> -SubTopic 20<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=109240200&amp;loc=d3e30690-110894<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_ForeignCurrencyTransactionGainLossBeforeTax</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_GainLossOnInvestments">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of realized and unrealized gain (loss) on investment.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 320<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 10<br> -Subparagraph (c)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=118939692&amp;loc=d3e27405-111563<br><br>Reference 2: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 220<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-03.7(c),9(a))<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=116634182&amp;loc=SL114868664-224227<br><br>Reference 3: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/recommendedDisclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 230<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 28<br> -Subparagraph (b)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=118932676&amp;loc=d3e3602-108585<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_GainLossOnInvestments</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_GrossProfit">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Aggregate revenue less cost of goods and services sold or operating expenses directly attributable to the revenue generation activity.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 220<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-03.1,2)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=116634182&amp;loc=SL114868664-224227<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_GrossProfit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_IncomeLossFromContinuingOperationsBeforeIncomeTaxesExtraordinaryItemsNoncontrollingInterest">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of income (loss) from continuing operations, including income (loss) from equity method investments, before deduction of income tax expense (benefit), and income (loss) attributable to noncontrolling interest.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 940<br> -SubTopic 20<br> -Section 25<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=68072869&amp;loc=d3e41242-110953<br><br>Reference 2: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 220<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-03(10))<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=116634182&amp;loc=SL114868664-224227<br><br>Reference 3: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 944<br> -SubTopic 220<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.7-04(8))<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=116637232&amp;loc=SL114874131-224263<br><br>Reference 4: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 250<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 11<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=109234566&amp;loc=d3e22694-107794<br><br>Reference 5: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 942<br> -SubTopic 220<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.9-04(15))<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=116637391&amp;loc=SL114874048-224260<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_IncomeLossFromContinuingOperationsBeforeIncomeTaxesExtraordinaryItemsNoncontrollingInterest</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_IncomeTaxExpenseBenefit">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of current income tax expense (benefit) and deferred income tax expense (benefit) pertaining to continuing operations.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 280<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 22<br> -Subparagraph (h)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=115929826&amp;loc=d3e8736-108599<br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 235<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.4-08(h))<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=26873400&amp;loc=d3e23780-122690<br><br>Reference 3: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 740<br> -SubTopic 20<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -Subparagraph (a)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=109238882&amp;loc=d3e38679-109324<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_IncomeTaxExpenseBenefit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_InterestExpense">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of the cost of borrowed funds accounted for as interest expense.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 835<br> -SubTopic 20<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (a)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6450988&amp;loc=d3e26243-108391<br><br>Reference 2: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 835<br> -SubTopic 30<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 3<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=114775744&amp;loc=d3e28555-108399<br><br>Reference 3: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 280<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 22<br> -Subparagraph (d)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=115929826&amp;loc=d3e8736-108599<br><br>Reference 4: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 220<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -Subparagraph (210.5-03(11))<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=116634182&amp;loc=SL114868664-224227<br><br>Reference 5: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 942<br> -SubTopic 220<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.9-04.9)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=116637391&amp;loc=SL114874048-224260<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_InterestExpense</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_InvestmentIncomeInterest">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount before accretion (amortization) of purchase discount (premium) of interest income on nonoperating securities.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 220<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-03.7(b))<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=116634182&amp;loc=SL114868664-224227<br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 280<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 22<br> -Subparagraph (c)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=115929826&amp;loc=d3e8736-108599<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_InvestmentIncomeInterest</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_NetIncomeLoss">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The portion of profit or loss for the period, net of income taxes, which is attributable to the parent.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 220<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 1A<br> -Subparagraph (a)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=118930883&amp;loc=SL7669619-108580<br><br>Reference 2: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 942<br> -SubTopic 220<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.9-04(22))<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=116637391&amp;loc=SL114874048-224260<br><br>Reference 3: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 220<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 1B<br> -Subparagraph (a)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=118930883&amp;loc=SL7669625-108580<br><br>Reference 4: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 944<br> -SubTopic 220<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.7-04(18))<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=116637232&amp;loc=SL114874131-224263<br><br>Reference 5: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 220<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-03(20))<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=116634182&amp;loc=SL114868664-224227<br><br>Reference 6: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 230<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 28<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=118932676&amp;loc=d3e3602-108585<br><br>Reference 7: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 260<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6371337&amp;loc=d3e3550-109257<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_NetIncomeLoss</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_NetIncomeLossAttributableToNoncontrollingInterest">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of Net Income (Loss) attributable to noncontrolling interest.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 220<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 1B<br> -Subparagraph (a)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=118930883&amp;loc=SL7669625-108580<br><br>Reference 2: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 810<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 1A<br> -Subparagraph (a)(2)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=109239629&amp;loc=SL4573702-111684<br><br>Reference 3: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 220<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 1A<br> -Subparagraph (a)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=118930883&amp;loc=SL7669619-108580<br><br>Reference 4: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 810<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 55<br> -Paragraph 4J<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=116874947&amp;loc=SL4591551-111686<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_NetIncomeLossAttributableToNoncontrollingInterest</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_NonoperatingIncomeExpense">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The aggregate amount of income or expense from ancillary business-related activities (that is to say, excluding major activities considered part of the normal operations of the business).</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 220<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-03.7)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=116634182&amp;loc=SL114868664-224227<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_NonoperatingIncomeExpense</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_NonoperatingIncomeExpenseAbstract">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- References</a><div><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_NonoperatingIncomeExpenseAbstract</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:stringItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_OperatingExpenses">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Generally recurring costs associated with normal operations except for the portion of these expenses which can be clearly related to production and included in cost of sales or services. Includes selling, general and administrative expense.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_OperatingExpenses</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_OperatingExpensesAbstract">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- References</a><div><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_OperatingExpensesAbstract</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:stringItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_OperatingIncomeLoss">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The net result for the period of deducting operating expenses from operating revenues.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_OperatingIncomeLoss</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_OtherComprehensiveIncomeLossForeignCurrencyTransactionAndTranslationAdjustmentNetOfTax">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount after tax and reclassification adjustments of gain (loss) on foreign currency translation adjustments, foreign currency transactions designated and effective as economic hedges of a net investment in a foreign entity and intra-entity foreign currency transactions that are of a long-term-investment nature.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 220<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 10A<br> -Subparagraph (a)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=118930883&amp;loc=SL7669646-108580<br><br>Reference 2: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 830<br> -SubTopic 30<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 20<br> -Subparagraph (b,c)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=118261656&amp;loc=d3e32211-110900<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_OtherComprehensiveIncomeLossForeignCurrencyTransactionAndTranslationAdjustmentNetOfTax</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_OtherNonoperatingIncomeExpense">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of income (expense) related to nonoperating activities, classified as other.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 220<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-03.9)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=116634182&amp;loc=SL114868664-224227<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_OtherNonoperatingIncomeExpense</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_ProfitLoss">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The consolidated profit or loss for the period, net of income taxes, including the portion attributable to the noncontrolling interest.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 220<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 1A<br> -Subparagraph (a)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=118930883&amp;loc=SL7669619-108580<br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 810<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 1A<br> -Subparagraph (a)(1)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=109239629&amp;loc=SL4573702-111684<br><br>Reference 3: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 220<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 1B<br> -Subparagraph (a)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=118930883&amp;loc=SL7669625-108580<br><br>Reference 4: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 810<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 1A<br> -Subparagraph (c)(1)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=109239629&amp;loc=SL4573702-111684<br><br>Reference 5: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 280<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 22<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=115929826&amp;loc=d3e8736-108599<br><br>Reference 6: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/exampleRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 810<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 55<br> -Paragraph 4J<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=116874947&amp;loc=SL4591551-111686<br><br>Reference 7: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 230<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=118932676&amp;loc=d3e3000-108585<br><br>Reference 8: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 810<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 19<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=108774443&amp;loc=SL4569616-111683<br><br>Reference 9: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 280<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 32<br> -Subparagraph (c)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=115929826&amp;loc=d3e8933-108599<br><br>Reference 10: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/exampleRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 810<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 55<br> -Paragraph 4K<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=116874947&amp;loc=SL4591552-111686<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_ProfitLoss</td>
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<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Income earned by providing the use of assets to an outside party in exchange for a payment or series of payments that is nonoperating in nature.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 220<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-03.7)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=116634182&amp;loc=SL114868664-224227<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
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<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The aggregate costs incurred (1) in a planned search or critical investigation aimed at discovery of new knowledge with the hope that such knowledge will be useful in developing a new product or service, a new process or technique, or in bringing about a significant improvement to an existing product or process; or (2) to translate research findings or other knowledge into a plan or design for a new product or process or for a significant improvement to an existing product or process whether intended for sale or the entity's use, during the reporting period charged to research and development projects, including the costs of developing computer software up to the point in time of achieving technological feasibility, and costs allocated in accounting for a business combination to in-process projects deemed to have no alternative future use.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 985<br> -SubTopic 20<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6501960&amp;loc=d3e128462-111756<br><br>Reference 2: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 730<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6420194&amp;loc=d3e21568-108373<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_ResearchAndDevelopmentExpense</td>
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<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of revenue recognized from goods sold, services rendered, insurance premiums, or other activities that constitute an earning process. Includes, but is not limited to, investment and interest income before deduction of interest expense when recognized as a component of revenue, and sales and trading gain (loss).</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 280<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 22<br> -Subparagraph (a)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=115929826&amp;loc=d3e8736-108599<br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 280<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 32<br> -Subparagraph (a)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=115929826&amp;loc=d3e8933-108599<br><br>Reference 3: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 280<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 22<br> -Subparagraph (b)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=115929826&amp;loc=d3e8736-108599<br><br>Reference 4: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 220<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-03(1))<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=116634182&amp;loc=SL114868664-224227<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_Revenues</td>
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<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The aggregate total costs related to selling a firm's product and services, as well as all other general and administrative expenses. Direct selling expenses (for example, credit, warranty, and advertising) are expenses that can be directly linked to the sale of specific products. Indirect selling expenses are expenses that cannot be directly linked to the sale of specific products, for example telephone expenses, Internet, and postal charges. General and administrative expenses include salaries of non-sales personnel, rent, utilities, communication, etc.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 330<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 30<br> -Paragraph 8<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=68048583&amp;loc=d3e3636-108311<br><br>Reference 2: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 220<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-03.4)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=116634182&amp;loc=SL114868664-224227<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_SellingGeneralAndAdministrativeExpense</td>
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<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
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<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of noncash expense for share-based payment arrangement.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 230<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 28<br> -Subparagraph (a)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=118932676&amp;loc=d3e3602-108585<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensation</td>
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<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Average number of shares or units issued and outstanding that are used in calculating basic and diluted earnings per share (EPS).</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
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<span style="display: none;">v3.19.2</span><table class="report" border="0" cellspacing="2" id="idp6783876128">
<tr>
<th class="tl" colspan="1" rowspan="2"><div style="width: 200px;"><strong>Pro Forma Financial Statements (Details 2)<br></strong></div></th>
<th class="th" colspan="1">12 Months Ended</th>
</tr>
<tr><th class="th">
<div>Dec. 31, 2018 </div>
<div>USD ($) </div>
<div>$ / shares </div>
<div>shares</div>
</th></tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_RelatedPartyTransactionAxis=abvcd_BioliteIncMember', window );">BioLite [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_SharesIssued', window );">Outstanding shares as of December 31, 2018</a></td>
<td class="nump">41,207,444<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_SharesIssuedPricePerShare', window );">Exchange of each BioLite share of common stock outstanding as of December 31, 2018, for 1.82 shares of ABVC common stock | $ / shares</a></td>
<td class="nump">$ 1.82<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_StockIssuedDuringPeriodSharesOther', window );">ABVC common stock to be issued to BioLite as a result of the Merger</a></td>
<td class="nump">74,997,548<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_abvcd_CommonStockToBeIssued4', window );">Par value $0.001 per share of ABVC | $</a></td>
<td class="nump">$ 74,998<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_RelatedPartyTransactionAxis=abvcd_BioKeyMember', window );">BioKey [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_SharesIssued', window );">Outstanding shares as of December 31, 2018</a></td>
<td class="nump">7,428,134<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_SharesIssuedPricePerShare', window );">Exchange of each BioLite share of common stock outstanding as of December 31, 2018, for 1.82 shares of ABVC common stock | $ / shares</a></td>
<td class="nump">$ 1<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_abvcd_AbvcCommonStockToBeIssuedToBiokeyAsResultOfMerger', window );">ABVC common stock to be issued to BioKey as a result of the Merger</a></td>
<td class="nump">7,428,134<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_abvcd_CommonStockToBeIssued4', window );">Par value $0.001 per share of ABVC | $</a></td>
<td class="nump">$ 7,428<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
</table>
<div style="display: none;">
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_abvcd_AbvcCommonStockToBeIssuedToBiokeyAsResultOfMerger">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- References</a><div><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">abvcd_AbvcCommonStockToBeIssuedToBiokeyAsResultOfMerger</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>abvcd_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:sharesItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_abvcd_CommonStockToBeIssued4">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- References</a><div><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">abvcd_CommonStockToBeIssued4</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>abvcd_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_SharesIssued">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Number of shares of stock issued as of the balance sheet date, including shares that had been issued and were previously outstanding but which are now held in the treasury.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 505<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=109259400&amp;loc=d3e21463-112644<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_SharesIssued</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:sharesItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_SharesIssuedPricePerShare">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Per share or per unit amount of equity securities issued.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_SharesIssuedPricePerShare</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>num:perShareItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_StockIssuedDuringPeriodSharesOther">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Number of shares of stock issued attributable to transactions classified as other.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_StockIssuedDuringPeriodSharesOther</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:sharesItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_RelatedPartyTransactionAxis=abvcd_BioliteIncMember">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Details</a><div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_RelatedPartyTransactionAxis=abvcd_BioliteIncMember</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_RelatedPartyTransactionAxis=abvcd_BioKeyMember">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Details</a><div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_RelatedPartyTransactionAxis=abvcd_BioKeyMember</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
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<span style="display: none;">v3.19.2</span><table class="report" border="0" cellspacing="2" id="idp6793292176">
<tr>
<th class="tl" colspan="1" rowspan="1"><div style="width: 200px;"><strong>Pro Forma Financial Statements (Details 3) - USD ($)<br></strong></div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Mar. 31, 2019</div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Dec. 31, 2018</div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Dec. 31, 2017</div></th>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_PreferredStockSharesOutstanding', window );">BioKey's total shares of preferred stock outstanding as of December 31, 2018</a></td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_RelatedPartyTransactionAxis=abvcd_BioKeyMember', window );">BioKey [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_PreferredStockSharesOutstanding', window );">BioKey's total shares of preferred stock outstanding as of December 31, 2018</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">22,133,097<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_abvcd_ExchangeOfEachBiokeyShareOfPreferredStockOutstanding', window );">Exchange of each BioKey share of preferred stock outstanding as of December 31, 2018, for one share of ABVC common stock</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">1<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_abvcd_CommonStockToBeIssuedToBiokeyAsResultOfMerger', window );">ABVC common stock to be issued to BioKey as a result of the Merger</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">22,133,097<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_abvcd_CommonStockToBeIssued5', window );">Par value $0.001 per share of ABVC</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 22,133<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_StatementClassOfStockAxis=us-gaap_SeriesAPreferredStockMember', window );">Series A [Member] | BioKey [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_PreferredStockSharesOutstanding', window );">BioKey's total shares of preferred stock outstanding as of December 31, 2018</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">7,000,000<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_StatementClassOfStockAxis=us-gaap_SeriesBPreferredStockMember', window );">Series B [Member] | BioKey [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_PreferredStockSharesOutstanding', window );">BioKey's total shares of preferred stock outstanding as of December 31, 2018</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">1,160,000<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_StatementClassOfStockAxis=us-gaap_SeriesCPreferredStockMember', window );">Series C [Member] | BioKey [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_PreferredStockSharesOutstanding', window );">BioKey's total shares of preferred stock outstanding as of December 31, 2018</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">13,973,097<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
</table>
<div style="display: none;">
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_abvcd_CommonStockToBeIssued5">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- References</a><div><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">abvcd_CommonStockToBeIssued5</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>abvcd_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_abvcd_CommonStockToBeIssuedToBiokeyAsResultOfMerger">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- References</a><div><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">abvcd_CommonStockToBeIssuedToBiokeyAsResultOfMerger</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>abvcd_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:sharesItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_abvcd_ExchangeOfEachBiokeyShareOfPreferredStockOutstanding">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- References</a><div><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">abvcd_ExchangeOfEachBiokeyShareOfPreferredStockOutstanding</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>abvcd_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:sharesItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_PreferredStockSharesOutstanding">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Aggregate share number for all nonredeemable preferred stock (or preferred stock redeemable solely at the option of the issuer) held by stockholders. Does not include preferred shares that have been repurchased.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02(28))<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6877327&amp;loc=d3e13212-122682<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_PreferredStockSharesOutstanding</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:sharesItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_RelatedPartyTransactionAxis=abvcd_BioKeyMember">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Details</a><div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_RelatedPartyTransactionAxis=abvcd_BioKeyMember</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_StatementClassOfStockAxis=us-gaap_SeriesAPreferredStockMember">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Details</a><div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_StatementClassOfStockAxis=us-gaap_SeriesAPreferredStockMember</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_StatementClassOfStockAxis=us-gaap_SeriesBPreferredStockMember">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Details</a><div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_StatementClassOfStockAxis=us-gaap_SeriesBPreferredStockMember</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_StatementClassOfStockAxis=us-gaap_SeriesCPreferredStockMember">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Details</a><div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_StatementClassOfStockAxis=us-gaap_SeriesCPreferredStockMember</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
</div>
</body>
</html>
</TEXT>
</DOCUMENT>
<DOCUMENT>
<TYPE>XML
<SEQUENCE>99
<FILENAME>R85.htm
<DESCRIPTION>IDEA: XBRL DOCUMENT
<TEXT>
<html>
<head>
<title></title>
<link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="report.css">
<script type="text/javascript" src="Show.js">/* Do Not Remove This Comment */</script><script type="text/javascript">
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<body>
<span style="display: none;">v3.19.2</span><table class="report" border="0" cellspacing="2" id="idp6884801456">
<tr>
<th class="tl" colspan="1" rowspan="1"><div style="width: 200px;"><strong>Pro Forma Financial Statements (Details 4) - shares<br></strong></div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Mar. 31, 2019</div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Dec. 31, 2018</div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Dec. 31, 2017</div></th>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_CommonStockSharesOutstanding', window );">Total common stock of the combined company outstanding following the Merger</a></td>
<td class="nump">17,693,625<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">11,884,804<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">213,746,647<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_BusinessAcquisitionAxis=abvcd_ReverseMergerMember', window );">Merger [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_abvcd_AbvcCommonStockIssued', window );">ABVC common stock issued as of December 31, 2018</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">213,926,475<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_abvcd_AbvcCommonStockHeldByBiolite', window );">ABVC common stock held by BioLite pursuant to the BioLite Collaborative Agreement (see Note {g})</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(3,487,500)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_abvcd_AbvcCommonStockHeldByBioliteForCashIssuance', window );">ABVC common stock held by BioLite for cash issuance (see Note {h})</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(1,468,750)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_abvcd_AbvcCommonStockToBeIssuedToBioliteAsResultOfMerger', window );">ABVC common stock to be issued to BioLite as a result of the Merger</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">74,997,548<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_abvcd_AbvcCommonStockToBeIssuedToBiokey', window );">ABVC common stock to be issued to BioKey as a result of the Merger</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">29,561,231<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_CommonStockSharesOutstanding', window );">Total common stock of the combined company outstanding following the Merger</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">313,529,004<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
</table>
<div style="display: none;">
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_abvcd_AbvcCommonStockHeldByBiolite">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- References</a><div><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">abvcd_AbvcCommonStockHeldByBiolite</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>abvcd_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:sharesItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_abvcd_AbvcCommonStockHeldByBioliteForCashIssuance">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- References</a><div><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">abvcd_AbvcCommonStockHeldByBioliteForCashIssuance</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>abvcd_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:sharesItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_abvcd_AbvcCommonStockIssued">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- References</a><div><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">abvcd_AbvcCommonStockIssued</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>abvcd_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:sharesItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_abvcd_AbvcCommonStockToBeIssuedToBiokey">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- References</a><div><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">abvcd_AbvcCommonStockToBeIssuedToBiokey</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>abvcd_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:sharesItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_abvcd_AbvcCommonStockToBeIssuedToBioliteAsResultOfMerger">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- References</a><div><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">abvcd_AbvcCommonStockToBeIssuedToBioliteAsResultOfMerger</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>abvcd_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:sharesItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_CommonStockSharesOutstanding">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Number of shares of common stock outstanding. Common stock represent the ownership interest in a corporation.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 505<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=109259400&amp;loc=d3e21463-112644<br><br>Reference 2: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02(29))<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6877327&amp;loc=d3e13212-122682<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_CommonStockSharesOutstanding</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:sharesItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_BusinessAcquisitionAxis=abvcd_ReverseMergerMember">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Details</a><div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_BusinessAcquisitionAxis=abvcd_ReverseMergerMember</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
</div>
</body>
</html>
</TEXT>
</DOCUMENT>
<DOCUMENT>
<TYPE>XML
<SEQUENCE>100
<FILENAME>R86.htm
<DESCRIPTION>IDEA: XBRL DOCUMENT
<TEXT>
<html>
<head>
<title></title>
<link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="report.css">
<script type="text/javascript" src="Show.js">/* Do Not Remove This Comment */</script><script type="text/javascript">
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<body>
<span style="display: none;">v3.19.2</span><table class="report" border="0" cellspacing="2" id="idp6793702192">
<tr>
<th class="tl" colspan="1" rowspan="2"><div style="width: 200px;"><strong>Pro Forma Financial Statements (Details 5)<br></strong></div></th>
<th class="th" colspan="2">12 Months Ended</th>
</tr>
<tr><th class="th" colspan="2">
<div>Dec. 31, 2018 </div>
<div>USD ($)</div>
</th></tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_BusinessCombinationConsiderationTransferredAbstract', window );"><strong>Purchase consideration:</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="fn" style="border-bottom: 0px;"></td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_BusinessCombinationConsiderationTransferredOther1', window );">Common stock</a></td>
<td class="nump">$ 44,341,847<span></span>
</td>
<td class="fn" style="border-bottom: 0px;"><sup>[1]</sup></td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_BusinessCombinationRecognizedIdentifiableAssetsAcquiredAndLiabilitiesAssumedAssetsAbstract', window );"><strong>Estimated Fair Value of Assets Acquired:</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="fn" style="border-bottom: 0px;"></td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_BusinessCombinationRecognizedIdentifiableAssetsAcquiredAndLiabilitiesAssumedCashAndEquivalents', window );">Cash and cash equivalents</a></td>
<td class="nump">636,666<span></span>
</td>
<td class="fn" style="border-bottom: 0px;"></td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_BusinessCombinationRecognizedIdentifiableAssetsAcquiredAndLiabilitiesAssumedCurrentAssetsReceivables', window );">Accounts receivable</a></td>
<td class="nump">43,204<span></span>
</td>
<td class="fn" style="border-bottom: 0px;"></td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_BusinessCombinationRecognizedIdentifiableAssetsAcquiredAndLiabilitiesAssumedCurrentAssetsOther', window );">Accounts receivable - related parties</a></td>
<td class="nump">147,848<span></span>
</td>
<td class="fn" style="border-bottom: 0px;"></td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_BusinessCombinationRecognizedIdentifiableAssetsAcquiredAndLiabilitiesAssumedPropertyPlantAndEquipment', window );">Property and equipment</a></td>
<td class="nump">58,150<span></span>
</td>
<td class="fn" style="border-bottom: 0px;"></td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_BusinessCombinationRecognizedIdentifiableAssetsAcquiredAndLiabilitiesAssumedOtherNoncurrentAssets', window );">Security deposits</a></td>
<td class="nump">10,440<span></span>
</td>
<td class="fn" style="border-bottom: 0px;"></td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_BusinessCombinationRecognizedIdentifiableAssetsAcquiredAndLiabilitiesAssumedAssets', window );">Total assets acquired</a></td>
<td class="nump">896,308<span></span>
</td>
<td class="fn" style="border-bottom: 0px;"></td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_BusinessCombinationRecognizedIdentifiableAssetsAcquiredAndLiabilitiesAssumedLiabilitiesAbstract', window );"><strong>Estimated Fair Value of Liabilities Assumed:</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="fn" style="border-bottom: 0px;"></td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_abvcd_BusinessCombinationRecognizedIdentifiableAssetsAcquiredAndLiabilitiesAssumedCurrentLiabilitiesDueToShaholders', window );">Due to shareholders</a></td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="fn" style="border-bottom: 0px;"></td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_BusinessCombinationRecognizedIdentifiableAssetsAcquiredAndLiabilitiesAssumedCurrentLiabilitiesOther', window );">Accrued expenses and other current liabilities</a></td>
<td class="nump">83,026<span></span>
</td>
<td class="fn" style="border-bottom: 0px;"></td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_BusinessCombinationRecognizedIdentifiableAssetsAcquiredAndLiabilitiesAssumedNoncurrentLiabilitiesOther', window );">Tenant security deposit</a></td>
<td class="nump">2,880<span></span>
</td>
<td class="fn" style="border-bottom: 0px;"></td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_BusinessCombinationRecognizedIdentifiableAssetsAcquiredAndLiabilitiesAssumedLiabilities', window );">Total liabilities assumed</a></td>
<td class="nump">85,906<span></span>
</td>
<td class="fn" style="border-bottom: 0px;"></td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_BusinessCombinationRecognizedIdentifiableAssetsAcquiredAndLiabilitiesAssumedNet', window );">Total net assets acquired</a></td>
<td class="nump">810,402<span></span>
</td>
<td class="fn" style="border-bottom: 0px;"></td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_BusinessCombinationRecognizedIdentifiableAssetsAcquiredGoodwillAndLiabilitiesAssumedNet', window );">Goodwill as a result of the Merger</a></td>
<td class="nump">$ 43,531,445<span></span>
</td>
<td class="fn" style="border-bottom: 0px;"></td>
</tr>
<tr><td colspan="3"></td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="3"><table class="outerFootnotes" width="100%"><tr class="outerFootnote">
<td style="vertical-align: top; width: 12pt;" valign="top">[1]</td>
<td style="vertical-align: top;" valign="top">29,561,231 shares of ABVC common stock to be issued to BioKey in connection with the Merger. Those shares were valued at $1.50 per share, the closing share price of ABVC on February 5, 2019.</td>
</tr></table></td></tr>
</table>
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<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- References</a><div><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
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<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- References</a><div><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
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<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of tangible or intangible assets, including a business or subsidiary of the acquirer transferred by the entity to the former owners of the acquiree. Excludes cash.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 805<br> -SubTopic 30<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (b)(2)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=35744584&amp;loc=d3e6927-128479<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
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<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_BusinessCombinationConsiderationTransferredOther1</td>
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<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
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<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of assets acquired at the acquisition date.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 805<br> -SubTopic 20<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (c)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=116869197&amp;loc=d3e4845-128472<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_BusinessCombinationRecognizedIdentifiableAssetsAcquiredAndLiabilitiesAssumedAssets</td>
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<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
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<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
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<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
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<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- References</a><div><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
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<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of currency on hand as well as demand deposits with banks or financial institutions, acquired at the acquisition date. Includes other kinds of accounts that have the general characteristics of demand deposits. Also includes short-term, highly liquid investments that are both readily convertible to known amounts of cash and so near their maturity that they present insignificant risk of changes in value because of changes in interest rates.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 805<br> -SubTopic 20<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (c)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=116869197&amp;loc=d3e4845-128472<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
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<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of other assets expected to be realized or consumed before one year or the normal operating cycle, if longer, acquired at the acquisition date.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 805<br> -SubTopic 20<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (c)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=116869197&amp;loc=d3e4845-128472<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
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<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
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<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount due from customers or clients for goods or services, including trade receivables, that have been delivered or sold in the normal course of business, and amounts due from others, including related parties expected to be converted to cash, sold or exchanged within one year or the normal operating cycle, if longer, acquired at the acquisition date.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 805<br> -SubTopic 20<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (c)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=116869197&amp;loc=d3e4845-128472<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
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<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
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<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of other liabilities due within one year or within the normal operating cycle, if longer, assumed at the acquisition date.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 805<br> -SubTopic 20<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (c)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=116869197&amp;loc=d3e4845-128472<br></p></div>
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<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of liabilities assumed at the acquisition date.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 805<br> -SubTopic 20<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (c)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=116869197&amp;loc=d3e4845-128472<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
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<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_BusinessCombinationRecognizedIdentifiableAssetsAcquiredAndLiabilitiesAssumedLiabilitiesAbstract">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- References</a><div><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_BusinessCombinationRecognizedIdentifiableAssetsAcquiredAndLiabilitiesAssumedLiabilitiesAbstract</td>
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<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
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<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:stringItemType</td>
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<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
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<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_BusinessCombinationRecognizedIdentifiableAssetsAcquiredAndLiabilitiesAssumedNet">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount recognized as of the acquisition date for the identifiable assets acquired in excess of (less than) the aggregate liabilities assumed.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 805<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 55<br> -Paragraph 37<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=116868840&amp;loc=d3e2207-128464<br><br>Reference 2: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 805<br> -SubTopic 20<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (c)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=116869197&amp;loc=d3e4845-128472<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_BusinessCombinationRecognizedIdentifiableAssetsAcquiredAndLiabilitiesAssumedNet</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
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<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
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<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
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<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
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<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of other liabilities due after one year or the normal operating cycle, if longer, assumed at the acquisition date.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 805<br> -SubTopic 20<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (c)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=116869197&amp;loc=d3e4845-128472<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_BusinessCombinationRecognizedIdentifiableAssetsAcquiredAndLiabilitiesAssumedNoncurrentLiabilitiesOther</td>
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<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
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<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
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<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
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<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
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<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of other assets expected to be realized or consumed after one year or the normal operating cycle, if longer, acquired at the acquisition date.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 805<br> -SubTopic 20<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (c)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=116869197&amp;loc=d3e4845-128472<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_BusinessCombinationRecognizedIdentifiableAssetsAcquiredAndLiabilitiesAssumedOtherNoncurrentAssets</td>
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<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
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<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
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<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
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<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
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</table></div>
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<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_BusinessCombinationRecognizedIdentifiableAssetsAcquiredAndLiabilitiesAssumedPropertyPlantAndEquipment">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The amount of property, plant, and equipment recognized as of the acquisition date.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 805<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 55<br> -Paragraph 37<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=116868840&amp;loc=d3e2207-128464<br><br>Reference 2: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 805<br> -SubTopic 20<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (c)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=116869197&amp;loc=d3e4845-128472<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_BusinessCombinationRecognizedIdentifiableAssetsAcquiredAndLiabilitiesAssumedPropertyPlantAndEquipment</td>
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<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
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<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
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<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
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<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
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<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_BusinessCombinationRecognizedIdentifiableAssetsAcquiredGoodwillAndLiabilitiesAssumedNet">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount recognized for assets, including goodwill, in excess of (less than) the aggregate liabilities assumed.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 805<br> -SubTopic 20<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (c)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=116869197&amp;loc=d3e4845-128472<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_BusinessCombinationRecognizedIdentifiableAssetsAcquiredGoodwillAndLiabilitiesAssumedNet</td>
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<td>us-gaap_</td>
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<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
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<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
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<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
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<span style="display: none;">v3.19.2</span><table class="report" border="0" cellspacing="2" id="idp6793463088">
<tr>
<th class="tl" colspan="1" rowspan="2"><div style="width: 200px;"><strong>Pro Forma Financial Statements (Details Textual) - USD ($)<br></strong></div></th>
<th class="th" colspan="1"></th>
<th class="th" colspan="1"></th>
<th class="th" colspan="4">1 Months Ended</th>
<th class="th" colspan="2">3 Months Ended</th>
<th class="th" colspan="2">12 Months Ended</th>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="th"><div>May 06, 2016</div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Dec. 29, 2015</div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Jul. 24, 2017</div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Feb. 28, 2017</div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Aug. 26, 2016</div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Mar. 31, 2016</div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Mar. 31, 2019</div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Mar. 31, 2018</div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Dec. 31, 2018</div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Dec. 31, 2017</div></th>
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<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_abvcd_ProFormaAdjustmentsTextualAbstract', window );"><strong>Pro Forma Adjustments (Textual)</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_StockIssuedDuringPeriodValueNewIssues', window );">Common stock newly issued, value</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 694,219<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 80,000<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 80,000<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 5,850,000<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_abvcd_FullyExpenseEntireAmount', window );">Fully expense entire amount</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">10,000,000<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_abvcd_AggregateAmount', window );">Aggregate amount</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 10,000,000<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_CommonStockParOrStatedValuePerShare', window );">Common stock, par value</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 0.001<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 0.001<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 0.001<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_RelatedPartyTransactionAxis=abvcd_ABVCMember', window );">ABVC [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_abvcd_ProFormaAdjustmentsTextualAbstract', window );"><strong>Pro Forma Adjustments (Textual)</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_DueFromRelatedPartiesNoncurrent', window );">Due from related parties</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 59,810<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_DueToRelatedPartiesNoncurrent', window );">Due to related parties</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 58,684<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_StockIssuedDuringPeriodSharesNewIssues', window );">Common stock newly issued, shares</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">29,561,231<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_abvcd_ClosingSharePrice', window );">Closing share price</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 1.50<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_LegalEntityAxis=abvcd_BioliteIncMember', window );">BioLite, Inc., [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_abvcd_ProFormaAdjustmentsTextualAbstract', window );"><strong>Pro Forma Adjustments (Textual)</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_StockIssuedDuringPeriodValueNewIssues', window );">Common stock newly issued, value</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 1,468,750<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ProceedsFromIssuanceInitialPublicOffering', window );">Net proceeds from offering</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 2,350,000<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_CommonStockParOrStatedValuePerShare', window );">Common stock, par value</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 0.001<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_SaleOfStockPricePerShare', window );">Purchase price per share</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 1.60<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_TypeOfArrangementAxis=us-gaap_CollaborativeArrangementMember', window );">Collaborative Arrangement [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_abvcd_ProFormaAdjustmentsTextualAbstract', window );"><strong>Pro Forma Adjustments (Textual)</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_DueToOtherRelatedPartiesCurrentAndNoncurrent', window );">Amount received from BriVision</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 100,000,000<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 3,000,000<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_RelatedPartyTransactionTermsAndMannerOfSettlement', window );">Description of payment settlement</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">Upfront payment shall upon the signing of this BioLite Collaborative Agreement: 3.5% of total payment. After receiving upfront payment from BriVision, BioLite has to deliver all data to BriVision in one week. Upon the first IND submission, BriVision shall pay, but no later than December 15, 2016: 6.5% of total payment. After receiving second payment from BriVision, BioLite has to deliver IND package to BriVision in one week. At the completion of first phase II clinical trial, BriVision shall pay, but no later than September 15, 2017: 15% of total payment. After receiving third payment from BriVision, BioLite has to deliver phase II clinical study report to BriVision in three months. Upon the phase III IND submission, BriVision shall pay, but no later than December 15, 2018: 20% of total payment. After receiving forth payment from BriVision, BioLite has to deliver IND package to BriVision in one week. At the completion of phase III, BriVision shall pay, but no later than September 15, 2019:25% of total payment. After receiving fifth payment from BriVision, BioLite has to deliver phase III clinical study report to BriVision in three months. Upon the NDA submission, BriVision shall pay, but no later than December 15, 2020, BriVision shall pay: 30% of total payment. After receiving sixth payment from BriVision, BioLite has to deliver NDA package to BriVision in one week.<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_RelatedPartyTransactionEffectsOfAnyChangeInMethodOfEstablishingTerms', window );">Agreement, terms</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">This BioLite Collaborative Agreement shall, once signed by both Parties, remain in effect for fifteen years as of the first
commercial sales of the Product in the Territory and automatically renew for five more years unless either party gives the
other party six month written notice of termination prior to the expiration date of the term.<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_abvcd_UpfrontPayments', window );">Upfront payments</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 3,500,000<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_abvcd_PercentageOfPaymentsUnderCollaborativeAgreement', window );">Percentage of payments under collaborative agreement</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">3.50%<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">50.00%<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">15.00%<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">15.00%<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_abvcd_MilestonePayments', window );">Milestone payments to BioLite in cash</a></td>
<td class="nump">$ 2,600,000<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_StockIssuedDuringPeriodValueNewIssues', window );">Common stock newly issued, value</a></td>
<td class="nump">$ 900,000<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 3,000,000<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_StockIssuedDuringPeriodSharesNewIssues', window );">Common stock newly issued, shares</a></td>
<td class="nump">562,500<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_SharePrice', window );">Share price</a></td>
<td class="nump">$ 1.60<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 2.0<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_AccountsPayableRelatedPartiesCurrentAndNoncurrent', window );">Accounts payable</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 15,000,000<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 15,000,000<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_TypeOfArrangementAxis=abvcd_CollaborativeArrangementOneMember', window );">Collaborative Arrangement One [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_abvcd_ProFormaAdjustmentsTextualAbstract', window );"><strong>Pro Forma Adjustments (Textual)</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_abvcd_PercentageOfPaymentsUnderCollaborativeAgreement', window );">Percentage of payments under collaborative agreement</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">6.50%<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_abvcd_MilestonePayments', window );">Milestone payments to BioLite in cash</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 650,000<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_StockIssuedDuringPeriodValueNewIssues', window );">Common stock newly issued, value</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 5,850,000<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_StockIssuedDuringPeriodSharesNewIssues', window );">Common stock newly issued, shares</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">2,925,000<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_SharePrice', window );">Share price</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 2.0<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_AccountsPayableRelatedPartiesCurrentAndNoncurrent', window );">Accounts payable</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 6,500,000<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_TypeOfArrangementAxis=abvcd_BioLiteCollaborativeAgreementMember', window );">BioLite Collaborative Agreement [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_abvcd_ProFormaAdjustmentsTextualAbstract', window );"><strong>Pro Forma Adjustments (Textual)</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_StockIssuedDuringPeriodValueNewIssues', window );">Common stock newly issued, value</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 6,750,000<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_StockIssuedDuringPeriodSharesNewIssues', window );">Common stock newly issued, shares</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">3,487,500<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_PrincipalInvestmentGainsLosses', window );">Investment loss recognized write-off amount</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 4,313,725<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
</table>
<div style="display: none;">
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_abvcd_AggregateAmount">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Aggregate amount.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">abvcd_AggregateAmount</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>abvcd_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_abvcd_ClosingSharePrice">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Closing share price.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">abvcd_ClosingSharePrice</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>abvcd_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>num:perShareItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_abvcd_FullyExpenseEntireAmount">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Fully expense entire amount.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">abvcd_FullyExpenseEntireAmount</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>abvcd_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_abvcd_MilestonePayments">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Milestone payments.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">abvcd_MilestonePayments</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>abvcd_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_abvcd_PercentageOfPaymentsUnderCollaborativeAgreement">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Percentage of payments under collaborative agreement.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">abvcd_PercentageOfPaymentsUnderCollaborativeAgreement</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>abvcd_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>num:percentItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_abvcd_ProFormaAdjustmentsTextualAbstract">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- References</a><div><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">abvcd_ProFormaAdjustmentsTextualAbstract</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>abvcd_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:stringItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_abvcd_UpfrontPayments">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The amount of upfront payments which are paid during the term of agreement.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">abvcd_UpfrontPayments</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>abvcd_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_AccountsPayableRelatedPartiesCurrentAndNoncurrent">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount for accounts payable to related parties.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 850<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (d)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6457730&amp;loc=d3e39549-107864<br><br>Reference 2: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 235<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.4-08.(k)(1))<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=26873400&amp;loc=d3e23780-122690<br><br>Reference 3: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 942<br> -SubTopic 210<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.9-03.15(5))<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6876686&amp;loc=d3e534808-122878<br><br>Reference 4: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 944<br> -SubTopic 210<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.7-03.17)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=119400593&amp;loc=d3e572229-122910<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_AccountsPayableRelatedPartiesCurrentAndNoncurrent</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_CommonStockParOrStatedValuePerShare">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Face amount or stated value per share of common stock.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02(29))<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6877327&amp;loc=d3e13212-122682<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_CommonStockParOrStatedValuePerShare</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>num:perShareItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_DueFromRelatedPartiesNoncurrent">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Aggregate amount of receivables to be collected from related parties where one party can exercise control or significant influence over another party; including affiliates, owners or officers and their immediate families, pension trusts, and so forth, at the financial statement date. which are usually due after one year (or one business cycle).</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02.11)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6877327&amp;loc=d3e13212-122682<br><br>Reference 2: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 235<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.4-08.(k)(1))<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=26873400&amp;loc=d3e23780-122690<br><br>Reference 3: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 850<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (d)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6457730&amp;loc=d3e39549-107864<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_DueFromRelatedPartiesNoncurrent</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_DueToOtherRelatedPartiesCurrentAndNoncurrent">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount payable to related parties classified as other.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 235<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.4-08.(k)(1))<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=26873400&amp;loc=d3e23780-122690<br><br>Reference 2: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 942<br> -SubTopic 210<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.9-03.15(3),(4))<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6876686&amp;loc=d3e534808-122878<br><br>Reference 3: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 944<br> -SubTopic 210<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.7-03.17)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=119400593&amp;loc=d3e572229-122910<br><br>Reference 4: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 850<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (d)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6457730&amp;loc=d3e39549-107864<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_DueToOtherRelatedPartiesCurrentAndNoncurrent</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_DueToRelatedPartiesNoncurrent">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Portion of the carrying amount as of the balance sheet date of obligations due all related parties that is payable after one year or beyond the normal operating cycle if longer.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 235<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.4-08.(k)(1))<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=26873400&amp;loc=d3e23780-122690<br><br>Reference 2: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02.23)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6877327&amp;loc=d3e13212-122682<br><br>Reference 3: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 850<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (d)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6457730&amp;loc=d3e39549-107864<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_DueToRelatedPartiesNoncurrent</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
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<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
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</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
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<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_PrincipalInvestmentGainsLosses">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of realized and unrealized gain (loss), from the firm's direct investment activity, conducted separately from customer trading activities, and includes, but is not limited to, investments in private equity, alternative investment products, real estate, and exchanges and memberships.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 944<br> -SubTopic 220<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.7-04.2,3)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=116637232&amp;loc=SL114874131-224263<br><br>Reference 2: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 942<br> -SubTopic 220<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.9-04.13(g),(h))<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=116637391&amp;loc=SL114874048-224260<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_PrincipalInvestmentGainsLosses</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
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<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
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<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
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<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
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</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
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<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The cash inflow associated with the amount received from entity's first offering of stock to the public.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 230<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 14<br> -Subparagraph (a)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=118932676&amp;loc=d3e3255-108585<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_ProceedsFromIssuanceInitialPublicOffering</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
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<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
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<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_RelatedPartyTransactionEffectsOfAnyChangeInMethodOfEstablishingTerms">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Description of the effects of any change in the method of establishing the terms of a related party transaction for example, pricing terms, from that used in the preceding period.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 850<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (c)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6457730&amp;loc=d3e39549-107864<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_RelatedPartyTransactionEffectsOfAnyChangeInMethodOfEstablishingTerms</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:stringItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
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</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_RelatedPartyTransactionTermsAndMannerOfSettlement">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Description of the terms and manner of settlement of the related party transaction.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 850<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (d)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6457730&amp;loc=d3e39549-107864<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_RelatedPartyTransactionTermsAndMannerOfSettlement</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:stringItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
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</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_SaleOfStockPricePerShare">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Per share amount received by subsidiary or equity investee for each share of common stock issued or sold in the stock transaction.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_SaleOfStockPricePerShare</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>num:perShareItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
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</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_SharePrice">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Price of a single share of a number of saleable stocks of a company.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_SharePrice</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
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<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>num:perShareItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_StockIssuedDuringPeriodSharesNewIssues">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Number of new stock issued during the period.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02(29))<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6877327&amp;loc=d3e13212-122682<br><br>Reference 2: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 505<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=109259400&amp;loc=d3e21463-112644<br><br>Reference 3: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 505<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.3-04)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=27012166&amp;loc=d3e187085-122770<br><br>Reference 4: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02(28))<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6877327&amp;loc=d3e13212-122682<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_StockIssuedDuringPeriodSharesNewIssues</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:sharesItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_StockIssuedDuringPeriodValueNewIssues">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Equity impact of the value of new stock issued during the period. Includes shares issued in an initial public offering or a secondary public offering.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 505<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.3-04)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=27012166&amp;loc=d3e187085-122770<br><br>Reference 2: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 505<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=109259400&amp;loc=d3e21463-112644<br><br>Reference 3: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02(29))<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6877327&amp;loc=d3e13212-122682<br><br>Reference 4: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02(28))<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6877327&amp;loc=d3e13212-122682<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_StockIssuedDuringPeriodValueNewIssues</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
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<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
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<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
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<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_RelatedPartyTransactionAxis=abvcd_ABVCMember">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Details</a><div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_RelatedPartyTransactionAxis=abvcd_ABVCMember</td>
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<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td></td>
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<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
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<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_LegalEntityAxis=abvcd_BioliteIncMember">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Details</a><div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_LegalEntityAxis=abvcd_BioliteIncMember</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
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<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
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<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_TypeOfArrangementAxis=us-gaap_CollaborativeArrangementMember">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Details</a><div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_TypeOfArrangementAxis=us-gaap_CollaborativeArrangementMember</td>
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<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
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</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
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<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_TypeOfArrangementAxis=abvcd_CollaborativeArrangementOneMember">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Details</a><div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_TypeOfArrangementAxis=abvcd_CollaborativeArrangementOneMember</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
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</div></td></tr>
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<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_TypeOfArrangementAxis=abvcd_BioLiteCollaborativeAgreementMember">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Details</a><div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_TypeOfArrangementAxis=abvcd_BioLiteCollaborativeAgreementMember</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
</div>
</body>
</html>
</TEXT>
</DOCUMENT>
<DOCUMENT>
<TYPE>XML
<SEQUENCE>102
<FILENAME>R88.htm
<DESCRIPTION>IDEA: XBRL DOCUMENT
<TEXT>
<html>
<head>
<title></title>
<link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="report.css">
<script type="text/javascript" src="Show.js">/* Do Not Remove This Comment */</script><script type="text/javascript">
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<span style="display: none;">v3.19.2</span><table class="report" border="0" cellspacing="2" id="idp6893095040">
<tr>
<th class="tl" colspan="1" rowspan="2"><div style="width: 200px;"><strong>Subsequent Events (Details) - USD ($)<br></strong></div></th>
<th class="th" colspan="1"></th>
<th class="th" colspan="1">1 Months Ended</th>
<th class="th" colspan="1"></th>
<th class="th" colspan="1"></th>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="th"><div>Jan. 08, 2019</div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Jan. 21, 2019</div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Aug. 25, 2018</div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Jun. 27, 2018</div></th>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_abvcd_SubsequentEventTextualAbstract', window );"><strong>Subsequent Events (Textual)</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_DebtInstrumentFaceAmount', window );">Principal amount</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 250,000<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 250,000<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_srt_ProductOrServiceAxis=abvcd_CathayBankMember', window );">Cathay Bank [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_abvcd_SubsequentEventTextualAbstract', window );"><strong>Subsequent Events (Textual)</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_abvcd_ReceivedLoanAmount', window );">Received loan amount</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 500,000<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_DebtInstrumentFaceAmount', window );">Principal amount</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 1,000,000<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_SubsequentEventTypeAxis=us-gaap_SubsequentEventMember', window );">Subsequent Event [Member] | Cathay Bank [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_abvcd_SubsequentEventTextualAbstract', window );"><strong>Subsequent Events (Textual)</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_DebtInstrumentMaturityDate', window );">Maturity date</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">Jan.  01,  2020<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_abvcd_RegularInterestRateDescription', window );">Regular interest rate, description</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">The Note executed in connection with the Loan Agreement bears an interest rate (the "Regular Interest Rate") equal to the sum of one percent (1%) and the prime rate as published in the Wall Street Journal (the "Index") and the accrued interest shall become payable each month from February 1, 2019. Pursuant to the Note, the Company shall pay the entire outstanding principal plus accrued unpaid interest on the Maturity Date and may prepay portion or all of the Note before the Maturity Date without penalty. If the Company defaults on the Note, the default interest rate shall become five percent (5%) plus the Regular Interest Rate.<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ShortTermDebtTypeAxis=abvcd_LoanAgreementMember', window );">Loan Agreement [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_abvcd_SubsequentEventTextualAbstract', window );"><strong>Subsequent Events (Textual)</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_abvcd_ReceivedLoanAmount', window );">Received loan amount</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 500,000<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_DebtInstrumentFaceAmount', window );">Principal amount</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 1,000,000<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_DebtInstrumentMaturityDate', window );">Maturity date</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">Jan.  01,  2020<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_abvcd_RegularInterestRateDescription', window );">Regular interest rate, description</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">The Note executed in connection with the Cathay Loan Agreement bears an interest rate (the "Regular Interest Rate") equal to the sum of one percent (1%) and the prime rate as published in the Wall Street Journal (the "Index") and the accrued interest shall become payable each month from February 1, 2019. Pursuant to the Note, the Company shall pay the entire outstanding principal plus accrued unpaid interest on the Maturity Date and may prepay portion or all of the Note before the Maturity Date without penalty. If the Company defaults on the Note, the default interest rate shall become five percent (5%) plus the Regular Interest Rate.<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_abvcd_ExceedingAmount', window );">Exceeding amount</a></td>
<td class="nump">$ 500,000<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ShortTermDebtTypeAxis=abvcd_LoanAgreementMember', window );">Loan Agreement [Member] | Subsequent Event [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_abvcd_SubsequentEventTextualAbstract', window );"><strong>Subsequent Events (Textual)</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_abvcd_ExceedingAmount', window );">Exceeding amount</a></td>
<td class="nump">$ 500,000<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
</table>
<div style="display: none;">
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_abvcd_ExceedingAmount">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Exceeding amount.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">abvcd_ExceedingAmount</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>abvcd_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_abvcd_ReceivedLoanAmount">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Received loan amount.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">abvcd_ReceivedLoanAmount</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>abvcd_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_abvcd_RegularInterestRateDescription">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Regular interest rate description.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">abvcd_RegularInterestRateDescription</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>abvcd_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:stringItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_abvcd_SubsequentEventTextualAbstract">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- References</a><div><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">abvcd_SubsequentEventTextualAbstract</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>abvcd_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:stringItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_DebtInstrumentFaceAmount">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Face (par) amount of debt instrument at time of issuance.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 835<br> -SubTopic 30<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=114775744&amp;loc=d3e28551-108399<br><br>Reference 2: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 835<br> -SubTopic 30<br> -Section 55<br> -Paragraph 8<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=114775985&amp;loc=d3e28878-108400<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_DebtInstrumentFaceAmount</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_DebtInstrumentMaturityDate">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Date when the debt instrument is scheduled to be fully repaid, in CCYY-MM-DD format.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02.22(a)(2))<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6877327&amp;loc=d3e13212-122682<br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/commonPracticeRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 820<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -Subparagraph (bbb)(2)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=117815213&amp;loc=d3e19207-110258<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_DebtInstrumentMaturityDate</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:dateItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_srt_ProductOrServiceAxis=abvcd_CathayBankMember">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Details</a><div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">srt_ProductOrServiceAxis=abvcd_CathayBankMember</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
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end
</TEXT>
</DOCUMENT>
</SEC-DOCUMENT>
