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<SEC-DOCUMENT>0001104659-09-002411.txt : 20090115
<SEC-HEADER>0001104659-09-002411.hdr.sgml : 20090115
<ACCEPTANCE-DATETIME>20090115094748
ACCESSION NUMBER:		0001104659-09-002411
CONFORMED SUBMISSION TYPE:	S-3/A
PUBLIC DOCUMENT COUNT:		2
FILED AS OF DATE:		20090115
DATE AS OF CHANGE:		20090115

FILER:

	COMPANY DATA:	
		COMPANY CONFORMED NAME:			NORTHERN TECHNOLOGIES INTERNATIONAL CORP
		CENTRAL INDEX KEY:			0000875582
		STANDARD INDUSTRIAL CLASSIFICATION:	CONVERTED PAPER & PAPERBOARD PRODS (NO CONTAINERS/BOXES) [2670]
		IRS NUMBER:				410857886
		STATE OF INCORPORATION:			DE
		FISCAL YEAR END:			0831

	FILING VALUES:
		FORM TYPE:		S-3/A
		SEC ACT:		1933 Act
		SEC FILE NUMBER:	333-153891
		FILM NUMBER:		09527651

	BUSINESS ADDRESS:	
		STREET 1:		4201 WOODLAND ROAD
		STREET 2:		PO BOX 69
		CITY:			CIRCLE PINES
		STATE:			MN
		ZIP:			55014
		BUSINESS PHONE:		(763) 225-6601

	MAIL ADDRESS:	
		STREET 1:		4201 WOODLAND ROAD
		STREET 2:		PO BOX 69
		CITY:			CIRCLE PINES
		STATE:			MN
		ZIP:			55014

	FORMER COMPANY:	
		FORMER CONFORMED NAME:	NORTHERN INSTRUMENTS CORP
		DATE OF NAME CHANGE:	19930328
</SEC-HEADER>
<DOCUMENT>
<TYPE>S-3/A
<SEQUENCE>1
<FILENAME>a09-3186_1s3a.htm
<DESCRIPTION>S-3/A
<TEXT>

<html>

<head>





</head>

<body lang="EN-US">

<div style="font-family:Times New Roman;">

<p style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;"><a href="#TableOfContents" title="Click to go to Table of Contents">Table
of Contents</a></font></p>

<p style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;">&nbsp;</font></p>



<p align="center" style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;text-align:center;"><b><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;font-weight:bold;">As filed with the Securities and Exchange
Commission on January&nbsp;15, 2009 </font></b></p>





<p align="right" style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;text-align:right;"><b><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;font-weight:bold;">Registration No.&nbsp;333-153891 </font></b></p>



<p align="right" style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;text-align:right;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;">&nbsp;</font></p>

<div style="border-bottom:solid windowtext 1.0pt;border-left:none;border-right:none;border-top:solid windowtext 3.0pt;padding:1.0pt 0in 1.0pt 0in;">

<p style="border:none;margin:0in 0in .0001pt;padding:0in;"><font size="1" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:1.0pt;">&nbsp;</font></p>

</div>

<p align="center" style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;text-align:center;"><b><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;font-weight:bold;">&nbsp;</font></b></p>

<p align="center" style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;text-align:center;"><b><font size="5" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:18.0pt;font-weight:bold;">UNITED
STATES</font></b></p>

<p align="center" style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;text-align:center;"><b><font size="5" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:18.0pt;font-weight:bold;">SECURITIES
AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION</font></b></p>

<p align="center" style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;text-align:center;"><b><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;font-weight:bold;">Washington,
D.C. 20549</font></b></p>

<p align="center" style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;text-align:center;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;">&nbsp;</font></p>

<div align="center" style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;text-align:center;"><hr size="1" width="25%" noshade color="black" align="center"></div>

<p align="center" style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;text-align:center;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;">&nbsp;</font></p>



<p style="font-weight:bold;line-height:normal;margin:0in 0in .0001pt;text-align:center;text-transform:uppercase;"><b><font size="5" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:18.0pt;text-transform:none;">AMENDMENT NO. 1 TO </font></b></p>



<p style="font-weight:bold;line-height:normal;margin:0in 0in .0001pt;text-align:center;text-transform:uppercase;"><b><font size="5" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:18.0pt;text-transform:none;">FORM&nbsp;S-3</font></b></p>

<p style="font-weight:bold;line-height:normal;margin:0in 0in .0001pt;text-align:center;text-transform:uppercase;"><b><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;">&nbsp;</font></b></p>

<p align="center" style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;text-align:center;"><b><font size="3" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:12.0pt;font-weight:bold;">REGISTRATION
STATEMENT UNDER THE SECURITIES ACT OF 1933</font></b></p>

<p align="center" style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;text-align:center;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;">&nbsp;</font></p>

<div align="center" style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;text-align:center;"><hr size="1" width="25%" noshade color="black" align="center"></div>

<p align="center" style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;text-align:center;"><b><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;font-weight:bold;">&nbsp;</font></b></p>

<p align="center" style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;text-align:center;"><b><font size="5" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:18.0pt;font-weight:bold;">NORTHERN TECHNOLOGIES INTERNATIONAL<br>
CORPORATION</font></b></p>

<p align="center" style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;text-align:center;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;">(Exact name of
registrant as specified in its charter)</font></p>

<p style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;">&nbsp;</font></p>

<div align="center">

<table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" width="100%" style="border-collapse:collapse;width:100.0%;">
 <tr>
  <td width="49%" valign="top" style="padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;width:49.0%;">
  <p align="center" style="font-size:10.0pt;margin:0in 0in .0001pt;text-align:center;"><b><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;font-weight:bold;">Delaware</font></b><br> (State or other jurisdiction of<br>
  incorporation or organization)</p>
  </td>
  <td width="2%" valign="bottom" style="padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;width:2.0%;">
  <p style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;"><b><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:1.0pt;font-weight:bold;">&nbsp;</font></b></p>
  </td>
  <td width="49%" valign="top" style="padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;width:49.0%;">
  <p align="center" style="font-size:10.0pt;margin:0in 0in .0001pt;text-align:center;"><b><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;font-weight:bold;">41-0857886</font></b><br> (I.R.S. Employer<br> Identification Number)</p>
  </td>
 </tr>
</table>

</div>

<p align="center" style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;text-align:center;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;">&nbsp;</font></p>

<p align="center" style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;text-align:center;"><b><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;font-weight:bold;">4201
Woodland Road</font></b></p>

<p align="center" style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;text-align:center;"><b><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;font-weight:bold;">Circle
Pines, Minnesota&#160; 55014</font></b></p>

<p align="center" style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;text-align:center;"><b><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;font-weight:bold;">(763)-225-6637</font></b></p>

<p align="center" style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;text-align:center;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;">(Address, including zip code, and telephone number, including area code,
of</font></p>

<p align="center" style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;text-align:center;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;">registrant&#146;s principal executive offices)</font></p>

<p align="center" style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;text-align:center;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;">&nbsp;</font></p>

<div align="center" style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;text-align:center;"><hr size="1" width="25%" noshade color="black" align="center"></div>

<p align="center" style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;text-align:center;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;">&nbsp;</font></p>

<p style="font-weight:bold;margin:0in 0in .0001pt;page-break-after:avoid;text-align:center;"><b><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;">G.
Patrick Lynch</font></b></p>

<p style="font-weight:bold;margin:0in 0in .0001pt;page-break-after:avoid;text-align:center;"><b><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;">President
and Chief Executive Officer</font></b></p>

<p style="font-weight:bold;margin:0in 0in .0001pt;page-break-after:avoid;text-align:center;"><b><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;">Northern
Technologies International Corporation</font></b></p>

<p style="font-weight:bold;margin:0in 0in .0001pt;page-break-after:avoid;text-align:center;"><b><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;">4201
Woodland Road</font></b></p>

<p style="font-weight:bold;margin:0in 0in .0001pt;page-break-after:avoid;text-align:center;"><b><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;">Circle
Pines, Minnesota&#160; 55014</font></b></p>

<p style="font-weight:bold;margin:0in 0in .0001pt;page-break-after:avoid;text-align:center;"><b><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;">(763)-225-6637</font></b></p>

<p align="center" style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;text-align:center;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;">(Name, address, including zip code, and telephone number, including area
code, of agent for service)</font></p>

<p align="center" style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;text-align:center;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;">&nbsp;</font></p>

<p align="center" style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;text-align:center;"><b><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;font-weight:bold;">Copies
requested to:</font></b></p>

<p align="center" style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;text-align:center;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;">&nbsp;</font></p>

<p align="center" style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;text-align:center;"><b><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;font-weight:bold;">Amy E. Culbert,&nbsp;Esq.</font></b></p>

<p align="center" style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;text-align:center;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;">Oppenheimer Wolff&nbsp;&amp; Donnelly LLP</font></p>

<p align="center" style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;text-align:center;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;">45 South Seventh
Street, Suite&nbsp;3300</font></p>

<p align="center" style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;text-align:center;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;">Minneapolis,
Minnesota 55402-1509</font></p>

<p align="center" style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;text-align:center;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;">(612) 607-7287</font></p>

<p align="center" style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;text-align:center;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;">&nbsp;</font></p>

<div align="center" style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;text-align:center;"><hr size="1" width="25%" noshade color="black" align="center"></div>

<p align="center" style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;text-align:center;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;">&nbsp;</font></p>

<p style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;text-indent:.25in;"><b><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;font-weight:bold;">Approximate
date of commencement of proposed sale to the public:&#160; From time to time after this registration
statement becomes effective.</font></b></p>

<p style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;text-indent:.25in;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;">&nbsp;</font></p>

<p style="font-size:10.0pt;margin:0in 0in .0001pt;text-indent:.25in;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;">If
the only securities being registered on this Form&nbsp;are being offered
pursuant to dividend or interest reinvestment plans, please check the following
box:&#160; </font><font face="Wingdings">o</font></p>

<p style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;text-indent:.25in;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;">&nbsp;</font></p>

<p style="font-size:10.0pt;margin:0in 0in .0001pt;text-indent:.25in;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;">If
any of the securities being registered on this Form&nbsp;are to be offered on a
delayed or continuous basis pursuant to Rule&nbsp;415 under the Securities Act
of 1933, other than securities offered only in connection with dividend or
reinvestment plans, check the following box:&#160;
</font><font face="Wingdings">x</font></p>

<p style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;text-indent:.25in;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;">&nbsp;</font></p>

<p style="font-size:10.0pt;margin:0in 0in .0001pt;text-indent:.25in;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;">If
this Form&nbsp;is filed to register additional securities for an offering
pursuant to Rule&nbsp;462(b)&nbsp;under the Securities Act, please check the
following box and list the Securities Act registration statement number of the
earlier effective registration statement for the same offering. </font><font face="Wingdings">o</font></p>

<p style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;text-indent:.25in;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;">&nbsp;</font></p>

<p style="font-size:10.0pt;margin:0in 0in .0001pt;text-indent:.25in;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;">If
this Form&nbsp;is a post-effective amendment filed pursuant to Rule&nbsp;462(c)&nbsp;under
the Securities Act, check the following box and list the Securities Act
registration statement number of the earlier effective registration statement
for the same offering.&#160; </font><font face="Wingdings">o</font></p>

<p style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;text-indent:.25in;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;">&nbsp;</font></p>

<p style="font-size:10.0pt;margin:0in 0in .0001pt;text-indent:.25in;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;">If
this Form&nbsp;is a registration statement pursuant to General Instruction I.D.
or a post-effective amendment thereto that shall become effective upon filing
with the Commission pursuant to Rule&nbsp;462(e)&nbsp;under the Securities Act,
check the following box.&#160; </font><font face="Wingdings">o</font></p>

<p style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;text-indent:.25in;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;">&nbsp;</font></p>

<p style="font-size:10.0pt;margin:0in 0in .0001pt;text-indent:.25in;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;">If
this Form&nbsp;is a post-effective amendment to a registration statement filed
pursuant to General Instruction I.D. filed to register additional securities or
additional classes of securities pursuant to Rule&nbsp;413(b)&nbsp;under the
Securities Act, check the following box.&#160;
</font><font face="Wingdings">o</font></p>

<p style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;text-indent:.25in;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;">&nbsp;</font></p>

<p style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;text-indent:18.2pt;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;">Indicate by check mark
whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a
non-accelerated filer, or a smaller reporting company. See definitions of &#147;large
accelerated filer,&#148; &#147;accelerated filer&#148; and &#147;smaller reporting company&#148; in Rule&nbsp;12b-2
of the Exchange Act.</font></p>

<p style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;text-indent:18.2pt;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;">&nbsp;</font></p>

<table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" width="99%" style="border-collapse:collapse;width:99.66%;">
 <tr>
  <td width="311" valign="top" style="padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;width:233.2pt;">
  <p style="font-size:10.0pt;margin:0in 0in .0001pt;text-autospace:none;text-indent:16.9pt;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;">Large accelerated filer&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </font><font face="Wingdings 2">&#163;</font></p>
  </td>
  <td width="311" valign="top" style="padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;width:233.25pt;">
  <p style="font-size:10.0pt;margin:0in 0in .0001pt 2.15pt;text-autospace:none;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;">Accelerated filer&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
  </font><font face="Wingdings 2">&#163;</font></p>
  </td>
 </tr>
 <tr>
  <td width="311" valign="top" style="padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;width:233.2pt;">
  <p style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;text-autospace:none;text-indent:16.9pt;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;">&nbsp;</font></p>
  </td>
  <td width="311" valign="top" style="padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;width:233.25pt;">
  <p style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt 2.15pt;text-autospace:none;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;">&nbsp;</font></p>
  </td>
 </tr>
 <tr>
  <td width="311" valign="top" style="padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;width:233.2pt;">
  <p style="font-size:10.0pt;margin:0in 0in .0001pt;text-autospace:none;text-indent:16.9pt;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;">Non-accelerated filer&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </font><font face="Wingdings 2">&#163;</font></p>
  <p style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;text-autospace:none;text-indent:16.9pt;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;">(Do not check if a smaller reporting company)</font></p>
  </td>
  <td width="311" valign="top" style="padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;width:233.25pt;">
  <p style="font-size:10.0pt;margin:0in 0in .0001pt 2.15pt;text-autospace:none;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;">Smaller reporting company&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </font><font face="Wingdings 2">S</font></p>
  </td>
 </tr>
</table>

<p style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;text-indent:18.2pt;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;">&nbsp;</font></p>



<p style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;text-indent:.5in;"><b><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;font-weight:bold;">The registrant hereby amends this registration
statement on such date or dates as may be necessary to delay its effective date
until the registrant shall file a further amendment which specifically states
that this registration statement shall thereafter become effective in
accordance with Section&nbsp;8(a)&nbsp;of the Securities Act of 1933 or until
the registration statement shall become effective on such date as the
Commission, acting pursuant to Section&nbsp;8(a), may determine. </font></b></p>



<p align="center" style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;text-align:center;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;">&nbsp;</font></p>

<div style="border-bottom:solid windowtext 3.0pt;border-left:none;border-right:none;border-top:solid windowtext 1.0pt;padding:1.0pt 0in 1.0pt 0in;">

<p style="border:none;margin:0in 0in .0001pt;padding:0in;"><font size="1" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:1.0pt;">&nbsp;</font></p>

</div>

<p align="center" style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;text-align:center;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;">&nbsp;</font></p>

<div style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;"><hr size="3" width="100%" noshade color="#010101" align="left"></div>

</div>
<!-- SEQ.=1,FOLIO='',FILE='C:\JMS\105728\09-3186-1\task3299754\3186-1-ba.htm',USER='105728',CD='Jan 15 12:15 2009' -->



<br clear="all" style="page-break-before:always;">
<div style="font-family:Times New Roman;">

<p style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;"><a href="#TableOfContents" title="Click to go to Table of Contents">Table of Contents</a></font></p>

<p style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;">&nbsp;</font></p>

<p style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;"><b><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;font-weight:bold;">The information in this
prospectus is not complete and may be changed.&#160;
We may not sell these sllecurities until the Securities and Exchange
Commission declares our registration statement effective.&#160; This prospectus is not an offer to sell these
securities and is not soliciting an offer to buy these securities in any state
where the offer or sale is not permitted.</font></b></p>

<p style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;">&nbsp;</font></p>



<p align="center" style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;text-align:center;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;">Subject to Completion, dated
January&nbsp;15, 2009 </font></p>



<p align="center" style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;text-align:center;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;">&nbsp;</font></p>

<p style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;"><b><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;font-weight:bold;">PRELIMINARY PROSPECTUS</font></b></p>

<p style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;">&nbsp;</font></p>

<p align="center" style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;text-align:center;"><b><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;font-weight:bold;">$50,000,000</font></b></p>

<p align="center" style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;text-align:center;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;">&nbsp;</font></p>

<p align="center" style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;text-align:center;"><b><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;font-weight:bold;">NORTHERN TECHNOLOGIES
INTERNATIONAL CORPORATION</font></b></p>

<p align="center" style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;text-align:center;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;">&nbsp;</font></p>

<p align="center" style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;text-align:center;"><b><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;font-weight:bold;">Common Stock</font></b></p>

<p align="center" style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;text-align:center;"><b><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;font-weight:bold;">Warrants</font></b></p>

<p align="center" style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;text-align:center;"><b><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;font-weight:bold;">Units</font></b></p>

<p align="center" style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;text-align:center;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;">&nbsp;</font></p>

<div align="center" style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;text-align:center;"><hr size="1" width="25%" noshade color="black" align="center"></div>

<p align="center" style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;text-align:center;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;">&nbsp;</font></p>

<p style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;text-indent:.5in;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;">We may offer and sell from time to time up to $50,000,000 in total of
any combination of the securities described in this prospectus, either
individually or in units.&#160; We may also
offer common stock upon the exercise of warrants. Each time we offer
securities, we will provide a prospectus supplement containing more information
about the particular offering together with this prospectus.&#160; The prospectus supplement may also add,
update or change information contained in this prospectus.&#160; This prospectus may not be used to offer and
sell securities without a prospectus supplement.</font></p>

<p style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;text-indent:.5in;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;">&nbsp;</font></p>

<p style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;text-indent:.5in;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;">The securities may be sold directly by us to investors, through agents
designated from time to time or to or through underwriters or dealers. For
additional information on the methods of sale, you should refer to the section
entitled &#147;Plan of Distribution&#148; in this prospectus. If any agents or
underwriters are involved in the sale of any securities, the names of such
agents or underwriters and any applicable fees, commissions, discounts and
over-allotment options will be set forth in the applicable prospectus
supplement.</font></p>

<p style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;text-indent:.5in;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;">&nbsp;</font></p>



<p style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;text-indent:.5in;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;">Our common stock is
traded on the NASDAQ Global Market under the symbol &#147;NTIC.&#148; On January&nbsp;14,
2009, the closing sale price of our common stock on the NASDAQ Global Market
was $7.37 per share.&#160; None of our other
securities are currently publicly traded.&#160;
As of January&nbsp;14, 2009, the aggregate market value of our
outstanding common stock held by non-affiliates was $19,377,189, based on
3,740,970 shares of outstanding common stock, of which 2,629,198 shares were
held by non-affiliates, and a per share price of $7.37 based on the closing
sale price of our common stock on that date.&#160;
We have not offered any securities during the period of 12 calendar
months immediately prior to, and including, the date of this prospectus
pursuant to General Instruction I.B.6. of Form&nbsp;S-3. </font></p>



<p style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;text-indent:.5in;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;">&nbsp;</font></p>

<p style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;text-indent:.5in;"><b><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;font-weight:bold;">Investing in our securities involves
a high degree of risk</font></b><b><font size="2" style="font-size:10.0pt;font-weight:bold;">.&#160; We refer you to the section
entitled &#147;Risk Factors&#148; of this prospectus on page&nbsp;3 and in the applicable
prospectus supplement and under similar sections in the documents we
incorporate by reference into this prospectus.</font></b></p>

<p style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;text-indent:.5in;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;">&nbsp;</font></p>

<p style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;text-indent:.5in;"><b><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;font-weight:bold;">Neither the Securities and Exchange Commission nor
any state securities commission has approved or disapproved of these securities
or determined if this prospectus is truthful or complete.&#160; Any representation to the contrary is a criminal
offense.</font></b></p>

<p style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;text-indent:.5in;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;">&nbsp;</font></p>

<div align="center" style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;text-align:center;text-indent:0in;"><hr size="1" width="25%" noshade color="black" align="center"></div>

<p style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;text-indent:.5in;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;">&nbsp;</font></p>



<p align="center" style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;text-align:center;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;">The date of this prospectus is &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;,
2009 </font></p>



<p align="center" style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;text-align:center;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;">&nbsp;</font></p>

<p style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;">&nbsp;</font></p>

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<p style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;"><a href="#TableOfContents" title="Click to go to Table of Contents">Table
of Contents</a></font></p>

<p style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;">&nbsp;</font></p>

<p align="center" style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;text-align:center;"><b><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;font-weight:bold;">TABLE OF CONTENTS<a name="TableOfContents"></a></font></b></p>

<p style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;">&nbsp;</font></p>



<table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" width="100%" style="border-collapse:collapse;width:100.0%;">
 <tr>
  <td width="92%" valign="bottom" style="padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;width:92.5%;">
  <p style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;"><b><font size="1" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:1.0pt;font-weight:bold;">&nbsp;</font></b></p>
  </td>
  <td width="7%" valign="bottom" style="border:none;border-bottom:solid windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;width:7.5%;">
  <p align="center" style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;text-align:center;"><b><font size="1" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:8.0pt;font-weight:bold;">Page</font></b></p>
  </td>
 </tr>
 <tr>
  <td width="92%" valign="bottom" style="padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;width:92.5%;">
  <p style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;"><b><font size="1" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:8.0pt;font-weight:bold;">&nbsp;</font></b></p>
  </td>
  <td width="7%" valign="bottom" style="padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;width:7.5%;">
  <p align="center" style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;text-align:center;"><b><font size="1" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:8.0pt;font-weight:bold;">&nbsp;</font></b></p>
  </td>
 </tr>
 <tr>
  <td width="92%" valign="top" style="padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;width:92.5%;">
  <p style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;text-indent:0in;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;"><a href="#Summary_080705" title="Click to goto ">SUMMARY</a></font></p>
  </td>
  <td width="7%" valign="bottom" style="padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;width:7.5%;">
  <p align="right" style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;text-align:right;text-indent:0in;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;">1</font></p>
  </td>
 </tr>
 <tr>
  <td width="92%" valign="top" style="padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;width:92.5%;">
  <p style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;text-indent:0in;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;"><a href="#RiskFactors_080712" title="Click to goto ">RISK FACTORS</a></font></p>
  </td>
  <td width="7%" valign="bottom" style="padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;width:7.5%;">
  <p align="right" style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;text-align:right;text-indent:0in;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;">3</font></p>
  </td>
 </tr>
 <tr>
  <td width="92%" valign="top" style="padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;width:92.5%;">
  <p style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;text-indent:0in;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;"><a href="#SpecialNoteRegardingForwardlookin_080714" title="Click to goto ">SPECIAL NOTE REGARDING FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS</a></font></p>
  </td>
  <td width="7%" valign="bottom" style="padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;width:7.5%;">
  <p align="right" style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;text-align:right;text-indent:0in;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;">3</font></p>
  </td>
 </tr>
 <tr>
  <td width="92%" valign="top" style="padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;width:92.5%;">
  <p style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;text-indent:0in;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;"><a href="#AboutThisProspectus_080721" title="Click to goto ">ABOUT
  THIS PROSPECTUS</a></font></p>
  </td>
  <td width="7%" valign="bottom" style="padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;width:7.5%;">
  <p align="right" style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;text-align:right;text-indent:0in;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;">4</font></p>
  </td>
 </tr>
 <tr>
  <td width="92%" valign="top" style="padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;width:92.5%;">
  <p style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;text-indent:0in;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;"><a href="#UseOfProceeds_080726" title="Click to goto ">USE OF
  PROCEEDS</a></font></p>
  </td>
  <td width="7%" valign="bottom" style="padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;width:7.5%;">
  <p align="right" style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;text-align:right;text-indent:0in;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;">4</font></p>
  </td>
 </tr>
 <tr>
  <td width="92%" valign="top" style="padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;width:92.5%;">
  <p style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;text-indent:0in;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;"><a href="#DescriptionOfSecurities_080730" title="Click to goto ">DESCRIPTION
  OF SECURITIES</a></font></p>
  </td>
  <td width="7%" valign="bottom" style="padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;width:7.5%;">
  <p align="right" style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;text-align:right;text-indent:0in;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;">5</font></p>
  </td>
 </tr>
 <tr>
  <td width="92%" valign="top" style="padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;width:92.5%;">
  <p style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;text-indent:0in;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;"><a href="#PlanOfDistribution_080740" title="Click to goto ">PLAN OF
  DISTRIBUTION</a></font></p>
  </td>
  <td width="7%" valign="bottom" style="padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;width:7.5%;">
  <p align="right" style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;text-align:right;text-indent:0in;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;">10</font></p>
  </td>
 </tr>
 <tr>
  <td width="92%" valign="top" style="padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;width:92.5%;">
  <p style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;text-indent:0in;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;"><a href="#LegalMatters_080458" title="Click to goto ">LEGAL MATTERS
  </a></font></p>
  </td>
  <td width="7%" valign="bottom" style="padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;width:7.5%;">
  <p align="right" style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;text-align:right;text-indent:0in;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;">14</font></p>
  </td>
 </tr>
 <tr>
  <td width="92%" valign="top" style="padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;width:92.5%;">
  <p style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;text-indent:0in;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;"><a href="#Experts_080501" title="Click to goto ">EXPERTS </a></font></p>
  </td>
  <td width="7%" valign="bottom" style="padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;width:7.5%;">
  <p align="right" style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;text-align:right;text-indent:0in;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;">14</font></p>
  </td>
 </tr>
 <tr>
  <td width="92%" valign="top" style="padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;width:92.5%;">
  <p style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;text-indent:0in;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;"><a href="#WhereYouCanFindMoreInformation_080503" title="Click to goto ">WHERE YOU CAN FIND MORE INFORMATION</a></font></p>
  </td>
  <td width="7%" valign="bottom" style="padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;width:7.5%;">
  <p align="right" style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;text-align:right;text-indent:0in;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;">14</font></p>
  </td>
 </tr>
 <tr>
  <td width="92%" valign="top" style="padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;width:92.5%;">
  <p style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;text-indent:0in;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;"><a href="#IncorporationOfCertainDocumentsBy_080506" title="Click to goto ">INCORPORATION OF CERTAIN DOCUMENTS BY REFERENCE</a></font></p>
  </td>
  <td width="7%" valign="bottom" style="padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;width:7.5%;">
  <p align="right" style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;text-align:right;text-indent:0in;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;">14</font></p>
  </td>
 </tr>
</table>



<p align="center" style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;text-align:center;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;">&nbsp;</font></p>

<p align="center" style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;text-align:center;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;">i</font></p>

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<p style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;"><a href="#TableOfContents" title="Click to go to Table of Contents">Table
of Contents</a></font></p>

<p style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;">&nbsp;</font></p>

<p style="font-weight:bold;margin:0in 0in .0001pt;page-break-after:auto;text-align:center;text-transform:uppercase;"><b><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;"><font style="text-transform:none;">SUMMARY</font><a name="Summary_080705"></a></font></b></p>

<p style="font-weight:bold;margin:0in 0in .0001pt;page-break-after:auto;text-align:center;text-transform:uppercase;"><b><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;">&nbsp;</font></b></p>

<p style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;text-indent:.5in;"><i><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;font-style:italic;">The following summary highlights information
contained elsewhere in this prospectus.&#160;
Because it is only a summary, it does not contain all of the detailed
information contained elsewhere in this prospectus or all of the information
that may be important to you.&#160;
Accordingly, please read carefully this entire prospectus, the
prospectus supplement delivered with this prospectus and the documents
incorporated by reference before making an investment decision.</font></i></p>

<p style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;text-indent:.5in;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;">&nbsp;</font></p>

<p style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;text-indent:.5in;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;">Except as otherwise indicated by the context, references in this
prospectus to &#147;NTIC,&#148; &#147;we,&#148; &#147;us&#148; or &#147;our&#148; are references to Northern
Technologies International Corporation.</font></p>

<p style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;text-indent:.5in;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;">&nbsp;</font></p>

<p style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;"><b><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;font-weight:bold;">Our
Company</font></b></p>

<p style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;">&nbsp;</font></p>

<p style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;text-indent:.5in;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;">We develop, market and sell proprietary environmentally responsible
materials science based products and technical services directly and via a
network of independent distributors, manufacturers&#146; representatives and joint
ventures in over 50 countries.&#160; Our
primary business line is corrosion prevention; however, we just recently
launched a bio-plastics product line and are in various stages of development
with respect to other emerging businesses.</font></p>

<p style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;text-indent:.5in;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;">&nbsp;</font></p>

<p style="font-size:10.0pt;margin:0in 0in .0001pt;text-indent:.5in;"><i><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;font-style:italic;">Corrosion Prevention</font></i>.&#160; Our rust and corrosion inhibiting products
and services, which we have been selling for over 25 years, are designed
primarily for the automotive, electronics, electrical, mechanical, military and
retail consumer markets and are sold under the brand names Zerust&#174; and EXCOR&#174;.&#160; We also offer direct, worldwide on-site
technical support on rust and corrosion issues.&#160;
In North America, we market our technical services and Zerust&#174; products
principally to industrial users by a direct sales force and through a network
of independent distributors and sales representatives.&#160; Our technical service representatives work
directly with the end users of our products to analyze their specific needs and
develop systems to meet their technical requirements.</p>

<p style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;text-indent:.5in;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;">&nbsp;</font></p>

<p style="font-size:10.0pt;margin:0in 0in .0001pt;text-indent:.5in;"><i><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;font-style:italic;">Bio-Plastics</font></i>.&#160; In fiscal 2008, we began to sell bio-based
and biodegradable (compostable) polymer resin compounds and products under the
Natur-Tec&#153; brand.&#160; These products are
intended to reduce our customers&#146; carbon footprint and provide environmentally
sound disposal options.&#160; In recent years,
a combination of market drivers, such as higher petroleum prices, a desire to
reduce dependence on foreign oil, increased environmental awareness at the
consumer level and regulations banning the use of traditional, petroleum-based
plastics, have led to interest in sustainable, renewable resource-based and
compostable alternatives to traditional plastics.&#160; Our Natur-Tec&#153; bio-based and biodegradable
plastics are manufactured using our patented and/or proprietary technologies
and are intended to replace conventional petroleum-based plastics. Our
Natur-Tec&#153; bioplastics portfolio includes flexible film, foam, rigid injection
molded materials and engineered plastics. Natur-Tec&#153; biodegradable and
compostable finished products include shopping and grocery bags, lawn and leaf
bags, can liners, pet waste collection bags, cutlery, packaging foam and coated
paper products and are engineered to be fully biodegradable in a composting
environment.&#160; Unlike competing plastic
products claiming to be &#147;degradable&#148; or &#147;oxo-degradable&#148; that only break down
into smaller plastic fragments, our Natur-Tec&#153; products are designed to completely
biodegrade within 180 days in accordance with the ASTM D6400 standard for
compostable plastics and are certified 100 percent biodegradable and
compostable by the Biodegradable Products Institute.</p>

<p style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;text-indent:.5in;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;">&nbsp;</font></p>

<p style="font-size:10.0pt;margin:0in 0in .0001pt;text-indent:.5in;"><i><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;font-style:italic;">Other Emerging Businesses</font></i>.&#160; We are engaged in scientific research and
development programs in the areas of materials science and corrosion
protection.&#160; Our research and development
investments are intended to build on our current environmentally responsible
corrosion technologies and provide for a portfolio of new environmental
technology offerings.&#160; Specifically, our
research and development efforts focus on developing additional biodegradable
and compostable plastics products, process technology and </p>

<p align="center" style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;text-align:center;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;">&nbsp;</font></p>

<p align="center" style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;text-align:center;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;">1</font></p>

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<p style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;text-indent:0in;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;"><a href="#TableOfContents" title="Click to go to Table of Contents">Table of Contents</a></font></p>

<p style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;text-indent:.5in;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;">&nbsp;</font></p>

<p style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;text-indent:0in;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;">equipment to convert plastic waste into crude oil and
the application of new and existing corrosion inhibiting technology to the oil
and gas industry.&#160; We intend to distribute
and sell products incorporating these new technologies through our North
American operations, our existing joint ventures and new joint ventures.</font></p>

<p style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;text-indent:.5in;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;">&nbsp;</font></p>

<p style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;text-indent:.5in;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;">We are a Delaware corporation that was originally organized as a
Minnesota corporation in 1970.&#160; Our
principal executive office is located at 4201 Woodland Road, Circle Pines,
Minnesota 55014 and our telephone number is (763) 225-6600.&#160; Our website is located at www.ntic.com.&#160; The information on our website or any other
website is not incorporated by reference into this prospectus or any
accompanying prospectus supplement.&#160; Our
website address is included as an inactive textual reference only.</font></p>

<p style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;text-indent:.5in;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;">&nbsp;</font></p>

<p style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;text-indent:.5in;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;">NTIC, the NTIC logo, Zerust and Natur-Tec are our trademarks.&#160; This prospectus and the documents we
incorporate by reference into this prospectus may also contain trademarks and
trade names of others.</font></p>

<p style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;text-indent:.5in;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;">&nbsp;</font></p>

<p style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;"><b><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;font-weight:bold;">Securities
We are Offering</font></b></p>

<p style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;">&nbsp;</font></p>

<p style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;text-indent:.5in;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;">We may offer any of the following securities from time to time:</font></p>

<p style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;text-indent:.5in;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;">&nbsp;</font></p>

<p style="font-size:10.0pt;margin:0in 0in .0001pt .75in;text-indent:-.25in;"><font size="2" face="Symbol" style="font-size:10.0pt;">&#183;</font><font size="1" style="font-size:3.0pt;">&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160; </font>shares
of our common stock;</p>

<p style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt .75in;text-indent:-.25in;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;">&nbsp;</font></p>

<p style="font-size:10.0pt;margin:0in 0in .0001pt .75in;text-indent:-.25in;"><font size="2" face="Symbol" style="font-size:10.0pt;">&#183;</font><font size="1" style="font-size:3.0pt;">&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160; </font>warrants
to purchase shares of our common stock; or</p>

<p style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt .75in;text-indent:-.25in;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;">&nbsp;</font></p>

<p style="font-size:10.0pt;margin:0in 0in .0001pt .75in;text-indent:-.25in;"><font size="2" face="Symbol" style="font-size:10.0pt;">&#183;</font><font size="1" style="font-size:3.0pt;">&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160; </font>units
comprised of shares of our common stock and warrants to purchase our common
stock, or any combination.</p>

<p style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt 1.0in;text-indent:-.25in;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;">&nbsp;</font></p>

<p style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;text-indent:.5in;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;">We may also offer common stock upon the exercise of warrants.&#160; When we use the term &#147;securities&#148; in this
prospectus, we mean any of the securities we may offer with this prospectus,
unless we say otherwise.&#160; The total
dollar amount of all securities that we may issue will not exceed $50,000,000.&#160; This prospectus, including the following
summary, describes the general terms that may apply to the securities.&#160; The specific terms of any particular
securities that we may offer will be described in a separate supplement to this
prospectus.&#160; This prospectus may not be
used to consummate a sale of securities unless it is accompanied by a
prospectus supplement.</font></p>

<p style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;text-indent:.5in;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;">&nbsp;</font></p>

<p style="font-size:10.0pt;margin:0in 0in .0001pt;text-indent:.5in;"><i><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;font-style:italic;">Common Stock</font></i>.&#160; We may offer shares of our common stock.&#160; Our common stock currently is traded on the
NASDAQ Global Market under the symbol &#147;NTIC.&#148;</p>

<p style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;text-indent:.5in;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;">&nbsp;</font></p>

<p style="font-size:10.0pt;margin:0in 0in .0001pt;text-indent:.5in;"><i><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;font-style:italic;">Warrants</font></i>.&#160; We may offer warrants to purchase shares of
our common stock.&#160; For any particular
warrants we offer, the applicable prospectus supplement will describe the
expiration date; the exercise price or the manner of determining the exercise
price; the amount and kind, or the manner of determining the amount and kind,
of any security to be delivered by us upon exercise; and any other specific
terms.&#160; We may issue the warrants under
warrant agreements between us and one or more warrant agents.</p>

<p style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;text-indent:.5in;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;">&nbsp;</font></p>

<p style="font-size:10.0pt;margin:0in 0in .0001pt;text-indent:.5in;"><i><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;font-style:italic;">Units</font></i>.&#160; We may offer units comprised of shares of our
common stock and warrants to purchase our common stock, or any
combination.&#160; For any particular units we
offer, the applicable prospectus supplement will describe the units, the
securities that comprise the units and any other specific terms.&#160; We may issue the units under unit agreements
between us and one or more unit agents.</p>

<p style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;text-indent:.5in;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;">&nbsp;</font></p>

<p style="font-size:10.0pt;margin:0in 0in .0001pt;text-indent:.5in;"><i><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;font-style:italic;">Listing</font></i>.&#160; If any securities are to be listed or quoted
on a securities exchange or quotation system, the applicable prospectus
supplement will so indicate.</p>

<p align="center" style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;text-align:center;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;">&nbsp;</font></p>

<p align="center" style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;text-align:center;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;">2</font></p>

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<p align="left" style="font-weight:bold;margin:0in 0in .0001pt;page-break-after:auto;text-align:left;text-transform:uppercase;"><b><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;font-weight:normal;"><a href="#TableOfContents" title="Click to go to Table of Contents"><font style="text-transform:none;">Table
of Contents</font></a></font></b></p>

<p style="margin:0in 0in 12.0pt;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;">&nbsp;</font></p>

<p style="font-weight:bold;margin:0in 0in .0001pt;page-break-after:auto;text-align:center;text-transform:uppercase;"><b><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;"><font style="text-transform:none;">RISK FACTORS</font><a name="RiskFactors_080712"></a></font></b></p>

<p style="font-weight:bold;margin:0in 0in .0001pt;page-break-after:auto;text-align:center;text-transform:uppercase;"><b><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;">&nbsp;</font></b></p>

<p style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;text-indent:.5in;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;">An investment in our securities involves a high degree of risk. You
should carefully consider the specific risks set forth under the section
entitled &#147;Risk Factors&#148; in the applicable prospectus supplement and under
similar sections in the documents we incorporate by reference into this
prospectus before making an investment decision. The risks and uncertainties
described in the prospectus supplement and the documents we incorporate by
reference into this prospectus are not the only ones we face. Additional risks
and uncertainties that we are unaware of or that we believe are not material at
the time could also materially adversely affect our business, financial
condition or results of operations. In any case, the value of our securities
could decline, and you could lose all or part of your investment. See also the
information contained under the heading &#147;Special Note Regarding Forward-Looking
Statements&#148; immediately below.</font></p>

<p style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;text-indent:.5in;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;">&nbsp;</font></p>

<p style="font-weight:bold;margin:0in 0in .0001pt;page-break-after:auto;text-align:center;text-transform:uppercase;"><b><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;"><font style="text-transform:none;">SPECIAL NOTE REGARDING FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS</font><a name="SpecialNoteRegardingForwardlookin_080714"></a></font></b></p>

<p style="font-weight:bold;margin:0in 0in .0001pt;page-break-after:auto;text-align:center;text-transform:uppercase;"><b><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;">&nbsp;</font></b></p>

<p style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;text-indent:.5in;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;">This prospectus and any accompanying prospectus supplement, including
the documents that we incorporate by reference, contain forward-looking
statements within the meaning of the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act
of 1995.&#160; All statements other than
statements of historical facts included in or incorporated by reference into
this prospectus and any accompanying prospectus supplement that address
activities, events or developments that we expect, believe or anticipate will
or may occur in the future are forward-looking statements.&#160; Our forward-looking statement generally
include statements about our plans, objectives, strategies and prospects
regarding, among other things, our business, results of operations, liquidity
and financial condition.&#160; In some cases,
we have identified these forward-looking statements with words like &#147;believe,&#148; &#147;may,&#148;
&#147;could,&#148; &#147;might,&#148; &#147;possible,&#148; &#147;potential,&#148; &#147;project,&#148; &#147;will,&#148; &#147;should,&#148; &#147;expect,&#148;
&#147;intend,&#148; &#147;plan,&#148; &#147;predict,&#148; &#147;anticipate,&#148; &#147;estimate,&#148; &#147;approximate,&#148; &#147;contemplate&#148;
or &#147;continue&#148; or the negative of these words or other words and terms of
similar meaning.</font></p>

<p style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;text-indent:.5in;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;">&nbsp;</font></p>



<p style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;text-indent:.5in;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;">Forward-looking
statements involve risks and uncertainties.&#160;
These uncertainties include factors that affect all businesses as well
as matters specific to us.&#160; Some of the
factors known to us that could cause our actual results to differ materially
from what we have anticipated in our forward-looking statements include:&#160; the effect of current worldwide economic
conditions on our business; the effect of the significant downturn in the U.S.
automotive industry on our business; our dependence on the success of our joint
ventures and technical fees and dividend distributions that we receive from
them; our relationships with our joint ventures and our ability to maintain
those relationships; risks associated with our international operations and
exposure to fluctuations in foreign currency exchange rates; fluctuations in
the cost and availability of raw materials, including resins and other
commodities; our investments in research and development efforts and our need
for additional capital to support such efforts; acceptance of our existing and
new products; increased competition; the success of our emerging new
businesses; our reliance upon and our relationships with our distributors,
independent sales representatives and corporate joint ventures; our reliance
upon suppliers; the costs and effects of complying with changes in tax, fiscal,
government and other regulatory policies, including rules&nbsp;relating to
environmental, health and safety matters; the costs and effects of outstanding
litigation; unforeseen product quality or other problems in the development,
production and usage of new and existing products; loss of or changes in
executive management or key employees; ability of management to manage around
unplanned events; our reliance on our intellectual property rights and the
absence of infringement of the intellectual property rights of others; and our
reliance upon its management information systems.&#160; We refer you to the section entitled &#147;Risk
Factors&#148; included elsewhere in this prospectus and in the accompanying
prospectus supplement and under similar sections in the documents we
incorporate by reference into this prospectus. </font></p>



<p style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;text-indent:.5in;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;">&nbsp;</font></p>

<p style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;text-indent:.5in;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;">We wish to caution readers not to place undue reliance on any
forward-looking statement that speaks only as of the date made and to recognize
that forward-looking statements are predictions of future results, which may
not occur as anticipated.&#160; Actual results
could differ materially from those anticipated </font></p>

<p align="center" style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;text-align:center;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;">&nbsp;</font></p>

<p align="center" style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;text-align:center;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;">3</font></p>

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<p style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;text-indent:0in;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;"><a href="#TableOfContents" title="Click to go to Table of Contents">Table of Contents</a></font></p>

<p style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;text-indent:.5in;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;">&nbsp;</font></p>

<p style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;text-indent:0in;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;">in the forward-looking statements and from historical
results, due to the risks and uncertainties described above and under the
section entitled &#147;Risk Factors&#148; included elsewhere in this prospectus and in
the accompanying prospectus supplement and under similar sections in the
documents we incorporate by reference into this prospectus, as well as others
that we may consider immaterial or do not anticipate at this time.&#160; Although we believe that the expectations
reflected in our forward-looking statements are reasonable, we do not know
whether our expectations will prove correct.&#160;
We assume no obligation to update forward-looking statements to reflect
actual results or changes in factors or assumptions affecting such
forward-looking statements, except if we otherwise are required by law.&#160; We advise you, however, to consult any
further disclosures we make on related subjects in our annual reports on Form&nbsp;10-K,
quarterly reports on Form&nbsp;10-Q and current reports on Form&nbsp;8-K we
file with or furnish to the Securities and Exchange Commission.</font></p>

<p style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;text-indent:.5in;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;">&nbsp;</font></p>

<p style="font-weight:bold;margin:0in 0in .0001pt;page-break-after:auto;text-align:center;text-transform:uppercase;"><b><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;"><font style="text-transform:none;">ABOUT THIS PROSPECTUS</font><a name="AboutThisProspectus_080721"></a></font></b></p>

<p style="font-weight:bold;margin:0in 0in .0001pt;page-break-after:auto;text-align:center;text-transform:uppercase;"><b><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;">&nbsp;</font></b></p>

<p style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;text-indent:.5in;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;">This prospectus is part of a registration statement that we filed with
the Securities and Exchange Commission, or SEC, using a &#147;shelf&#148; registration
process. Under this shelf process, we may sell any one or more or a combination
of the securities described in this prospectus in one or more offerings up to a
total dollar amount of $50,000,000 (or its equivalent based on the applicable
exchange rate at the time of the sale in one or more foreign currencies,
currency units or composite currencies that we may designate). We have provided
to you in this prospectus a general description of the securities we may offer.
Each time we sell securities, we will provide a prospectus supplement that will
contain specific information about the terms of that offering. We may also add,
update or change in the prospectus supplement any of the information contained
in this prospectus.&#160; If there is an
inconsistency between the information in this prospectus and a prospectus
supplement, you should rely on the information in the prospectus
supplement.&#160; You should read carefully
both this prospectus and the applicable prospectus supplement together with the
documents we incorporate by reference into this prospectus as described below
under the heading &#147;Incorporation of Certain Documents By Reference&#148; before
making an investment decision.</font></p>

<p style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;text-indent:.5in;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;">&nbsp;</font></p>

<p style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;text-indent:.5in;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;">The registration statement that contains this prospectus, including the
exhibits to the registration statement and the information incorporated by
reference, provides additional information about the securities offered under
this prospectus. That registration statement can be read at the SEC web site or
at the SEC public reference room as discussed below under the heading &#147;Where
You Can Find More Information.&#148;</font></p>

<p style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;text-indent:.5in;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;">&nbsp;</font></p>

<p style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;text-indent:.5in;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;">You should rely only on the information provided in the registration
statement, this prospectus and in any prospectus supplement, including the
information incorporated by reference. We have not authorized anyone to provide
you with different information. You should not assume that the information in
this prospectus or any supplement to this prospectus is accurate at any date
other than the date indicated on the cover page&nbsp;of these documents.&#160; We are not making an offer to sell these
securities in any jurisdiction where the offer or sale is not permitted.</font></p>

<p style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;text-indent:.5in;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;">&nbsp;</font></p>

<p style="font-weight:bold;margin:0in 0in .0001pt;page-break-after:auto;text-align:center;text-transform:uppercase;"><b><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;"><font style="text-transform:none;">USE OF PROCEEDS</font><a name="UseOfProceeds_080726"></a></font></b></p>

<p style="font-weight:bold;margin:0in 0in .0001pt;page-break-after:auto;text-align:center;text-transform:uppercase;"><b><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;">&nbsp;</font></b></p>

<p style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;text-indent:.5in;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;">Unless we otherwise indicate in the applicable prospectus supplement,
we currently intend to use the net proceeds from the sale of our securities for
general research and development and for working capital to further our
bioplastics and other emerging businesses.&#160;
Accordingly, our management will have significant discretion and
flexibility in applying the net proceeds from the sale of these securities.</font></p>

<p style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;text-indent:.5in;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;">&nbsp;</font></p>

<p style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;text-indent:.5in;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;">Pending use of the net proceeds as described above, we intend to invest
the net proceeds in short-term, interest-bearing, investment-grade marketable
securities or money market obligations.&#160;
We may also </font></p>

<p align="center" style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;text-align:center;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;">&nbsp;</font></p>

<p align="center" style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;text-align:center;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;">4</font></p>

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<p style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;text-indent:0in;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;"><a href="#TableOfContents" title="Click to go to Table of Contents">Table of Contents</a></font></p>

<p style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;text-indent:.5in;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;">&nbsp;</font></p>

<p style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;text-indent:0in;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;">set forth additional information on the use of net
proceeds from the sale of the securities we offer under this prospectus in a
prospectus supplement relating to the specific offering.</font></p>

<p style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;text-indent:.5in;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;">&nbsp;</font></p>

<p style="font-weight:bold;margin:0in 0in .0001pt;page-break-after:auto;text-align:center;text-transform:uppercase;"><b><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;"><font style="text-transform:none;">DESCRIPTION OF SECURITIES</font><a name="DescriptionOfSecurities_080730"></a></font></b></p>

<p style="font-weight:bold;margin:0in 0in .0001pt;page-break-after:auto;text-align:center;text-transform:uppercase;"><b><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;">&nbsp;</font></b></p>

<p style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;text-indent:.5in;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;">The following description, together with the additional information we
include in any applicable prospectus supplements, summarizes the material terms
and provisions of the securities that we may offer under this prospectus. We
will describe in the applicable prospectus supplement relating to any
securities the particular terms of the securities offered by that prospectus
supplement. If we indicate in the applicable prospectus supplement, the terms
of the securities may differ from the terms we have summarized below. We will
also include in the prospectus supplement information, where applicable, about
material United States federal income tax considerations relating to the
securities, and the securities exchange, if any, on which the securities will
be listed</font></p>

<p style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;text-indent:.5in;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;">&nbsp;</font></p>

<p style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;"><b><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;font-weight:bold;">Common
Stock</font></b></p>

<p style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;">&nbsp;</font></p>

<p style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;text-indent:.5in;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;">The following summary description of our common stock is based on the
provisions of our certificate of incorporation and bylaws, which are
incorporated by reference into the registration statement which includes this
prospectus, and the applicable provisions of the Delaware General Corporation
Law.&#160; This information may not be
complete in all respects and is qualified in its entirety by reference to the
provisions of our certificate of incorporation, bylaws and the Delaware General
Corporation Law.&#160; For information on how
to obtain copies of our certificate of incorporation and bylaws, see the
information below under the heading &#147;Where You Can Find More Information.&#148;</font></p>

<p style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;text-indent:.5in;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;">&nbsp;</font></p>



<p style="font-size:10.0pt;margin:0in 0in .0001pt;text-indent:.5in;"><i><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;font-style:italic;">Authorized</font></i>.&#160; We currently have authority to issue up to
10,000,000 shares of common stock, $0.02 par value per share. As of January&nbsp;14,
2009, we had 3,750,970 shares of common stock outstanding.&#160; We may amend from time to time our
certificate of incorporation to increase the number of authorized shares of
common stock.&#160; Any such amendment would
require the approval of the holders of a majority of the voting power of the
shares entitled to vote thereon. </p>



<p style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;text-indent:.5in;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;">&nbsp;</font></p>

<p style="font-size:10.0pt;margin:0in 0in .0001pt;text-indent:.5in;"><i><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;font-style:italic;">Voting</font></i>. For all matters submitted
to a vote of stockholders, each holder of common stock is entitled to one vote
for each share registered in the holder&#146;s name on our books. Our common stock
does not have cumulative voting rights. As a result, holders of a majority of
our outstanding common stock can elect all of the directors who are up for
election in a particular year.</p>

<p style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;text-indent:.5in;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;">&nbsp;</font></p>

<p style="font-size:10.0pt;margin:0in 0in .0001pt;text-indent:.5in;"><i><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;font-style:italic;">Dividends</font></i>. If our board of
directors declares a dividend, holders of common stock will receive payments
from our funds that are legally available to pay dividends. However, this
dividend right is subject to any preferential dividend rights we may grant to
the persons who hold preferred stock, if any is outstanding.</p>

<p style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;text-indent:.5in;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;">&nbsp;</font></p>

<p style="font-size:10.0pt;margin:0in 0in .0001pt;text-indent:.5in;"><i><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;font-style:italic;">Liquidation and Dissolution</font></i>. If
we are liquidated or dissolve, the holders of our common stock will be entitled
to share ratably in all the assets that remain after we pay our liabilities and
any amounts we may owe to the persons who hold preferred stock, if any is
outstanding.</p>

<p style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;text-indent:.5in;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;">&nbsp;</font></p>

<p style="font-size:10.0pt;margin:0in 0in .0001pt;text-indent:.5in;"><i><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;font-style:italic;">Fully Paid and Nonassessable.&#160; </font></i>All shares of our
outstanding common stock are fully paid and nonassessable and any additional
shares of common stock that we issue will be fully paid and nonassessable.</p>

<p style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;text-indent:.5in;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;">&nbsp;</font></p>

<p style="font-size:10.0pt;margin:0in 0in .0001pt;text-indent:.5in;"><i><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;font-style:italic;">Other Rights and Restrictions</font></i>.
Holders of our common stock do not have preemptive or subscription rights, and
they have no right to convert their common stock into any other securities. Our
common stock is not subject to redemption by us. The rights, preferences and
privileges of common </p>

<p align="center" style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;text-align:center;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;">&nbsp;</font></p>

<p align="center" style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;text-align:center;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;">5</font></p>

<div style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;"><hr size="3" width="100%" noshade color="#010101" align="left"></div>

</div>
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<div style="font-family:Times New Roman;">

<p style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;text-indent:0in;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;"><a href="#TableOfContents" title="Click to go to Table of Contents">Table of Contents</a></font></p>

<p style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;text-indent:.5in;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;">&nbsp;</font></p>

<p style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;text-indent:0in;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;">stockholders are subject to the rights of the
stockholders of any series of preferred stock which we may designate in the
future. Our charter and bylaws do not restrict the ability of a holder of
common stock to transfer his or her shares of common stock.</font></p>

<p style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;text-indent:.5in;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;">&nbsp;</font></p>

<p style="font-size:10.0pt;margin:0in 0in .0001pt;text-indent:.5in;"><i><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;font-style:italic;">Listing</font></i>. Our common stock is
listed on the NASDAQ Global Market under the symbol &#147;NTIC.&#148;</p>

<p style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;text-indent:.5in;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;">&nbsp;</font></p>

<p style="font-size:10.0pt;margin:0in 0in .0001pt;text-indent:.5in;"><i><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;font-style:italic;">Transfer Agent and Registrar</font></i>. The
transfer agent and registrar for our common stock is Wells Fargo Shareowner
Services.</p>

<p style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;text-indent:.5in;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;">&nbsp;</font></p>

<p style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;"><b><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;font-weight:bold;">Warrants</font></b></p>

<p style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;">&nbsp;</font></p>

<p style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;text-indent:.5in;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;">The following description, together with the additional information we
may include in any applicable prospectus supplements, summarizes the material
terms and provisions of the warrants that we may offer under this prospectus
and the related warrant agreements and warrant certificates. While the terms
summarized below will apply generally to any warrants that we may offer, we
will describe the particular terms of any series of warrants in more detail in
the applicable prospectus supplement. If we indicate in the prospectus
supplement, the terms of any warrants offered under that prospectus supplement
may differ from the terms described below.</font></p>

<p style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;text-indent:.5in;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;">&nbsp;</font></p>

<p style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;text-indent:.5in;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;">We will file as exhibits to the registration statement of which this
prospectus is a part, or will incorporate by reference from reports that we file
with the SEC, the form of warrant agreement, including a form of warrant
certificate, that describes the terms of the series of warrants we are
offering, and any supplemental agreements, before the issuance of the related
series of warrants. The following summaries of material terms and provisions of
the warrant agreements and warrant certificate are subject to, and qualified in
their entirety by reference to, all the provisions of the warrant agreement and
warrant certificate applicable to the particular series of warrants that we may
offer under this prospectus. We urge you to read the applicable prospectus
supplements related to the particular series of warrants that we may offer
under this prospectus and the complete warrant agreements and warrant certificates
that contain the terms of the warrants.</font></p>

<p style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;text-indent:.5in;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;">&nbsp;</font></p>

<p style="font-size:10.0pt;margin:0in 0in .0001pt;text-indent:.5in;"><i><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;font-style:italic;">General</font></i>.&#160; We may issue warrants for the purchase of
common stock in one or more series. We may issue warrants independently or
together with common stock, and the warrants may be attached to or separate from
these securities.</p>

<p style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;text-indent:.5in;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;">&nbsp;</font></p>

<p style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;text-indent:.5in;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;">We will evidence each series of warrants by warrant certificates that
we will issue under a separate agreement. We may enter into a warrant agreement
with a warrant agent. If we elect to do so, the warrant agent will act solely
as our agent in connection with the warrants and will not assume any obligation
or relationship of agency or trust for or with any registered holders of
warrants or beneficial owners of warrants.&#160;
We will indicate the name and address and other information regarding
the warrant agent in the applicable prospectus supplement relating to a
particular series of warrants if we elect to use a warrant agent.</font></p>

<p style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;text-indent:.5in;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;">&nbsp;</font></p>

<p style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;text-indent:.5in;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;">We will describe in the applicable prospectus supplement the terms of
the series of warrants, including:</font></p>

<p style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;text-indent:.5in;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;">&nbsp;</font></p>

<p style="font-size:10.0pt;margin:0in 0in .0001pt .75in;text-indent:-.25in;"><font size="2" face="Symbol" style="font-size:10.0pt;">&#183;</font><font size="1" style="font-size:3.0pt;">&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160; </font>the
offering price and aggregate number of warrants offered;</p>

<p style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt .75in;text-indent:-.25in;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;">&nbsp;</font></p>

<p style="font-size:10.0pt;margin:0in 0in .0001pt .75in;text-indent:-.25in;"><font size="2" face="Symbol" style="font-size:10.0pt;">&#183;</font><font size="1" style="font-size:3.0pt;">&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160; </font>the
currency for which the warrants may be purchased;</p>

<p align="center" style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;text-align:center;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;">&nbsp;</font></p>

<p align="center" style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;text-align:center;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;">6</font></p>

<div style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;"><hr size="3" width="100%" noshade color="#010101" align="left"></div>

</div>
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<div style="font-family:Times New Roman;">

<p style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;"><a href="#TableOfContents" title="Click to go to Table of Contents">Table
of Contents</a></font></p>

<p align="center" style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;text-align:center;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;">&nbsp;</font></p>

<p style="font-size:10.0pt;margin:0in 0in .0001pt .75in;text-indent:-.25in;"><font size="2" face="Symbol" style="font-size:10.0pt;">&#183;</font><font size="1" style="font-size:3.0pt;">&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160; </font>if
applicable, the designation and terms of the securities with which the warrants
are issued and the number of warrants issued with each such security or each
principal amount of such security;</p>

<p style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt .75in;text-indent:-.25in;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;">&nbsp;</font></p>

<p style="font-size:10.0pt;margin:0in 0in .0001pt .75in;text-indent:-.25in;"><font size="2" face="Symbol" style="font-size:10.0pt;">&#183;</font><font size="1" style="font-size:3.0pt;">&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160; </font>if
applicable, the date on and after which the warrants and the related securities
will be separately transferable;</p>

<p style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt .75in;text-indent:-.25in;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;">&nbsp;</font></p>

<p style="font-size:10.0pt;margin:0in 0in .0001pt .75in;text-indent:-.25in;"><font size="2" face="Symbol" style="font-size:10.0pt;">&#183;</font><font size="1" style="font-size:3.0pt;">&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160; </font>the
number of shares of common stock purchasable upon the exercise of one warrant
and the price at which these shares may be purchased upon such exercise;</p>

<p style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt .75in;text-indent:-.25in;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;">&nbsp;</font></p>

<p style="font-size:10.0pt;margin:0in 0in .0001pt .75in;text-indent:-.25in;"><font size="2" face="Symbol" style="font-size:10.0pt;">&#183;</font><font size="1" style="font-size:3.0pt;">&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160; </font>the
effect of any merger, consolidation, sale or other disposition of our business
on the warrant agreement and the warrants;</p>

<p style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt .75in;text-indent:-.25in;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;">&nbsp;</font></p>

<p style="font-size:10.0pt;margin:0in 0in .0001pt .75in;text-indent:-.25in;"><font size="2" face="Symbol" style="font-size:10.0pt;">&#183;</font><font size="1" style="font-size:3.0pt;">&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160; </font>the
terms of any rights to redeem or call the warrants;</p>

<p style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt .75in;text-indent:-.25in;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;">&nbsp;</font></p>

<p style="font-size:10.0pt;margin:0in 0in .0001pt .75in;text-indent:-.25in;"><font size="2" face="Symbol" style="font-size:10.0pt;">&#183;</font><font size="1" style="font-size:3.0pt;">&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160; </font>any
provisions for changes to or adjustments in the exercise price or number of
securities issuable upon exercise of the warrants;</p>

<p style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt .75in;text-indent:-.25in;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;">&nbsp;</font></p>

<p style="font-size:10.0pt;margin:0in 0in .0001pt .75in;text-indent:-.25in;"><font size="2" face="Symbol" style="font-size:10.0pt;">&#183;</font><font size="1" style="font-size:3.0pt;">&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160; </font>the
dates on which the right to exercise the warrants will commence and expire;</p>

<p style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt .75in;text-indent:-.25in;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;">&nbsp;</font></p>

<p style="font-size:10.0pt;margin:0in 0in .0001pt .75in;text-indent:-.25in;"><font size="2" face="Symbol" style="font-size:10.0pt;">&#183;</font><font size="1" style="font-size:3.0pt;">&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160; </font>the
manner in which the warrant agreement and warrants may be modified;</p>

<p style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt .75in;text-indent:-.25in;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;">&nbsp;</font></p>

<p style="font-size:10.0pt;margin:0in 0in .0001pt .75in;text-indent:-.25in;"><font size="2" face="Symbol" style="font-size:10.0pt;">&#183;</font><font size="1" style="font-size:3.0pt;">&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160; </font>federal
income tax consequences of holding or exercising the warrants;</p>

<p style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt .75in;text-indent:-.25in;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;">&nbsp;</font></p>

<p style="font-size:10.0pt;margin:0in 0in .0001pt .75in;text-indent:-.25in;"><font size="2" face="Symbol" style="font-size:10.0pt;">&#183;</font><font size="1" style="font-size:3.0pt;">&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160; </font>the
terms of the securities issuable upon exercise of the warrants; and</p>

<p style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt .75in;text-indent:-.25in;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;">&nbsp;</font></p>

<p style="font-size:10.0pt;margin:0in 0in .0001pt .75in;text-indent:-.25in;"><font size="2" face="Symbol" style="font-size:10.0pt;">&#183;</font><font size="1" style="font-size:3.0pt;">&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160; </font>any
other specific terms, preferences, rights or limitations of or restrictions on
the warrants.</p>

<p style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt 1.0in;text-indent:-.25in;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;">&nbsp;</font></p>

<p style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;text-indent:.5in;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;">Before exercising their warrants, holders of warrants will not have any
of the rights of holders of the securities purchasable upon such exercise,
including the right to receive dividends, if any, or, payments upon our
liquidation, dissolution or winding up or to exercise voting rights, if any.</font></p>

<p style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;text-indent:.5in;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;">&nbsp;</font></p>

<p style="font-size:10.0pt;margin:0in 0in .0001pt;text-indent:.5in;"><i><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;font-style:italic;">Exercise of Warrants</font></i><b>.&#160; </b>Each warrant will
entitle the holder to purchase the securities that we specify in the applicable
prospectus supplement at the exercise price that we describe in the applicable
prospectus supplement. Unless we otherwise specify in the applicable prospectus
supplement, holders of the warrants may exercise the warrants at any time up to
5:00&nbsp;p.m., New York City time, on the expiration date that we set forth in
the applicable prospectus supplement. After the close of business on the
expiration date, unexercised warrants will become void.</p>

<p style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;text-indent:.5in;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;">&nbsp;</font></p>

<p style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;text-indent:.5in;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;">Holders of the warrants may exercise the warrants by delivering the
warrant certificate representing the warrants to be exercised together with
specified information, and paying the required amount to the warrant agent in
immediately available funds, as provided in the applicable prospectus
supplement. We will set forth on the reverse side of the warrant certificate
and in the applicable prospectus supplement the information that the holder of
the warrant will be required to deliver to the warrant agent.</font></p>

<p style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;text-indent:.5in;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;">&nbsp;</font></p>

<p style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;text-indent:.5in;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;">Upon receipt of the required payment and the warrant certificate
properly completed and duly executed at the corporate trust office of the
warrant agent or any other office indicated in the applicable prospectus
supplement, we will issue and deliver the securities purchasable upon such
exercise. If fewer than all of the warrants represented by the warrant
certificate are exercised, then we will issue a new warrant certificate for the
remaining amount of warrants. If we so indicate in the applicable prospectus </font></p>

<p align="center" style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;text-align:center;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;">&nbsp;</font></p>

<p align="center" style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;text-align:center;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;">7</font></p>

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<div style="font-family:Times New Roman;">

<p style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;text-indent:0in;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;"><a href="#TableOfContents" title="Click to go to Table of Contents">Table of Contents</a></font></p>

<p style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;text-indent:.5in;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;">&nbsp;</font></p>

<p style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;text-indent:0in;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;">supplement, holders of the warrants may surrender
securities as all or part of the exercise price for warrants.</font></p>

<p style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;text-indent:.5in;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;">&nbsp;</font></p>

<p style="font-size:10.0pt;margin:0in 0in .0001pt;text-indent:.5in;"><i><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;font-style:italic;">Enforceability of Rights by Holders of Warrants.</font></i><b>&#160; </b>Each warrant agent
will act solely as our agent under the applicable warrant agreement and will
not assume any obligation or relationship of agency or trust with any holder of
any warrant. A single bank or trust company may act as warrant agent for more
than one issue of warrants. A warrant agent will have no duty or responsibility
in case of any default by us under the applicable warrant agreement or warrant,
including any duty or responsibility to initiate any proceedings at law or
otherwise, or to make any demand upon us. Any holder of a warrant may, without
the consent of the related warrant agent or the holder of any other warrant,
enforce by appropriate legal action its right to exercise, and receive the
securities purchasable upon exercise of, its warrants.</p>

<p style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;text-indent:.5in;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;">&nbsp;</font></p>

<p style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;"><b><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;font-weight:bold;">Units</font></b></p>

<p style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;">&nbsp;</font></p>

<p style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;text-indent:.5in;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;">The following description, together with the additional information we
may include in any applicable prospectus supplements, summarizes the material
terms and provisions of the units that we may offer under this prospectus and
any related unit agreements and unit certificates. While the terms summarized
below will apply generally to any units that we may offer, we will describe the
particular terms of any series of units in more detail in the applicable
prospectus supplement. If we indicate in the prospectus supplement, the terms
of any units offered under that prospectus supplement may differ from the terms
described below.</font></p>

<p style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;text-indent:.5in;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;">&nbsp;</font></p>

<p style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;text-indent:.5in;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;">We will file as exhibits to the registration statement of which this
prospectus is a part, or will incorporate by reference from reports that we
file with the SEC, any form of unit agreement that describes the terms of the
series of units we are offering, and any supplemental agreements, before the
issuance of the related series of units. The following summaries of material
terms and provisions of the units are subject to, and qualified in their
entirety by reference to, all the provisions of such unit agreements and any
supplemental agreements applicable to a particular series of units. We urge you
to read the applicable prospectus supplements related to the particular series
of units that we may offer under this prospectus and the complete unit
agreement and any supplemental agreements that contain the terms of the units.</font></p>

<p style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;text-indent:.5in;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;">&nbsp;</font></p>

<p style="font-size:10.0pt;margin:0in 0in .0001pt;text-indent:.5in;"><i><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;font-style:italic;">General</font></i>.&#160; We may issue, in one more series, units
comprised of shares of our common stock and warrants to purchase common stock
or any combination.&#160; Each unit will be
issued so that the holder of the unit is also the holder of each security
included in the unit. Thus, the holder of a unit will have the rights and
obligations of a holder of each included security. The unit agreement under
which a unit is issued may provide that the securities included in the unit may
not be held or transferred separately, at any time or at any time before a
specified date.</p>

<p style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;text-indent:.5in;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;">&nbsp;</font></p>

<p style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;text-indent:.5in;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;">We may evidence units by unit certificates that we issue under a
separate agreement.&#160; We may issue the
units under a unit agreement between us and one or more unit agents.&#160; If we elect to enter into a unit agreement
with a unit agent, the unit agent will act solely as our agent in connection
with the units and will not assume any obligation or relationship of agency or
trust for or with any registered holders of units or beneficial owners of
units.&#160; We will indicate the name and
address and other information regarding the unit agent in the applicable
prospectus supplement relating to a particular series of units if we elect to
use a unit agent.</font></p>

<p style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;text-indent:.5in;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;">&nbsp;</font></p>

<p style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;text-indent:.5in;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;">We will describe in the applicable prospectus supplement the terms of
the series of units being offered, including:</font></p>

<p style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;text-indent:.5in;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;">&nbsp;</font></p>

<p style="font-size:10.0pt;margin:0in 0in .0001pt .75in;text-indent:-.25in;"><font size="2" face="Symbol" style="font-size:10.0pt;">&#183;</font><font size="1" style="font-size:3.0pt;">&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160; </font>the
designation and terms of the units and of the securities comprising the units,
including whether and under what circumstances those securities may be held or
transferred separately;</p>

<p align="center" style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;text-align:center;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;">&nbsp;</font></p>

<p align="center" style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;text-align:center;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;">8</font></p>

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</div>
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<div style="font-family:Times New Roman;">

<p style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;"><a href="#TableOfContents" title="Click to go to Table of Contents">Table of Contents</a></font></p>

<p style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt 1.0in;text-indent:-.25in;"><font size="2" face="Symbol" style="font-size:10.0pt;">&nbsp;</font></p>

<p style="font-size:10.0pt;margin:0in 0in .0001pt .75in;text-indent:-.25in;"><font size="2" face="Symbol" style="font-size:10.0pt;">&#183;</font><font size="1" style="font-size:3.0pt;">&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160; </font>any
provisions of the governing unit agreement that differ from those described
below; and</p>

<p style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt .75in;text-indent:-.25in;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;">&nbsp;</font></p>

<p style="font-size:10.0pt;margin:0in 0in .0001pt .75in;text-indent:-.25in;"><font size="2" face="Symbol" style="font-size:10.0pt;">&#183;</font><font size="1" style="font-size:3.0pt;">&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160; </font>any
provisions for the issuance, payment, settlement, transfer or exchange of the
units or of the securities comprising the units.</p>

<p style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt 1.0in;text-indent:-.25in;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;">&nbsp;</font></p>

<p style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;text-indent:.5in;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;">The other provisions regarding our common stock and warrants as
described in this section will apply to each unit to the extent such unit
consists of shares of our common stock and warrants to purchase our common
stock.</font></p>

<p style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;text-indent:.5in;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;">&nbsp;</font></p>

<p style="font-size:10.0pt;margin:0in 0in .0001pt;text-indent:.5in;"><i><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;font-style:italic;">Enforceability of Rights by Holders of Units</font></i>.&#160; Each unit agent will act solely as our agent
under the applicable unit agreement and will not assume any obligation or
relationship of agency or trust with any holder of any unit. A single bank or
trust company may act as unit agent for more than one series of units. A unit
agent will have no duty or responsibility in case of any default by us under
the applicable unit agreement or unit, including any duty or responsibility to
initiate any proceedings at law or otherwise, or to make any demand upon us.
Any holder of a unit may, without the consent of the related unit agent or the
holder of any other unit, enforce by appropriate legal action its rights as
holder under any security included in the unit.</p>

<p style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;text-indent:.5in;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;">&nbsp;</font></p>

<p style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;"><b><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;font-weight:bold;">Certain
Effects of Authorized But Unissued Stock</font></b></p>

<p style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;">&nbsp;</font></p>

<p style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;text-indent:.5in;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;">We have shares of common stock available for future issuance without
stockholder approval, subject to any limitations imposed by the listing
standards of the NASDAQ Global Market. We may use these additional shares for a
variety of corporate purposes, including for future public offerings to raise
additional capital or facilitate corporate acquisitions or for payment as a dividend
on our capital stock.&#160; The existence of
unissued and unreserved common stock may enable our board of directors to issue
shares to persons friendly to current management that could render more
difficult or discourage a third-party attempt to obtain control of us by means
of a merger, tender offer, proxy contest or otherwise, thereby protecting the
continuity of our management.</font></p>

<p style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;text-indent:.5in;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;">&nbsp;</font></p>

<p style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;"><b><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;font-weight:bold;">Delaware
Law and Charter and Bylaw Provisions</font></b></p>

<p style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;">&nbsp;</font></p>

<p style="font-size:10.0pt;margin:0in 0in .0001pt;text-indent:.5in;"><i><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;font-style:italic;">Business Combinations</font></i>. We are
subject to the provisions of Section&nbsp;203 of the Delaware General
Corporation Law. Subject to certain exceptions, Section&nbsp;203 prohibits a
publicly held Delaware corporation from engaging in a &#147;business combination&#148;
with an &#147;interested stockholder&#148; for a period of three years after the person
became an interested stockholder, unless the business combination is approved
in a prescribed manner. A &#147;business combination&#148; includes mergers, asset sales
and other transactions resulting in a financial benefit to the interested
stockholder. Subject to exceptions, an &#147;interested stockholder&#148; is a person
who, together with affiliates and associates, owns, or within the prior three
years did own, 15% or more of the corporation&#146;s voting stock.&#160; This provision could have the effect of
delaying or preventing a change in control of our company.</p>

<p style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;text-indent:.5in;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;">&nbsp;</font></p>

<p style="font-size:10.0pt;margin:0in 0in .0001pt;text-indent:.5in;"><i><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;font-style:italic;">Indemnification</font></i>. Our charter and
bylaws contain provisions to indemnify our directors and officers to the
fullest extent permitted by the Delaware General Corporation Law. These
provisions do not limit or eliminate our right or the right of any stockholder
of ours to seek non-monetary relief, such as an injunction or rescission in the
event of a breach by a director or an officer of his duty of care to us.</p>

<p style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;text-indent:.5in;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;">&nbsp;</font></p>



<p style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;text-indent:.5in;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;">In addition, we have
entered into agreements with our directors and officers regarding
indemnification, in addition to indemnification provided for in our Certificate
of Incorporation, Bylaws and the Delaware General Corporation Law.&#160; Under these agreements, we are required to
indemnify our current and former directors and officers against expenses,
judgments, penalties, fines, settlements and other amounts actually and
reasonably incurred, including expenses of a derivative action, in connection &#160;</font></p>



<p align="center" style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;text-align:center;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;">&nbsp;</font></p>

<p align="center" style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;text-align:center;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;">9</font></p>

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</div>
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<div style="font-family:Times New Roman;">

<p style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;text-indent:0in;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;"><a href="#TableOfContents" title="Click to go to Table of Contents">Table of Contents</a></font></p>

<p style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;text-indent:.5in;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;">&nbsp;</font></p>



<p style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;text-indent:0in;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;">with an actual or
threatened proceeding if any of them may be made a party because he or she is
or was one of our directors or officers.&#160;
We will be obligated to pay these amounts only if the director or
officer acted in good faith and in a manner that he or she reasonably believed
to be in or not opposed to our best interests.&#160;
With respect to any criminal proceeding, we will be obligated to pay
these amounts only if the director or officer had no reasonable cause to
believe his or her conduct was unlawful.&#160;
The indemnification agreements also set forth procedures that will apply
in the event of a claim for indemnification. </font></p>



<p style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;text-indent:.5in;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;">&nbsp;</font></p>

<p style="font-size:10.0pt;margin:0in 0in .0001pt;text-indent:.5in;"><i><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;font-style:italic;">Stockholder Action; Special Meeting of Stockholders</font></i>.
Our bylaws provide that any action required to be taken at any annual or
special meeting of stockholders, or any action which may be taken at any annual
or special meeting of such stockholders, may be taken without a meeting,
without prior notice and without a vote, if a consent in writing, setting forth
the action so taken, shall be signed by the holders of outstanding stock having
not less than the minimum number of votes that would be necessary to authorize
or take such action at a meeting at which all shares entitled to vote thereon
were present and voted. Our bylaws also provide that special meetings of
stockholders may only be called by the president and shall be called by the
president or secretary at the request in writing of stockholders owning a
majority in the amount of the entire capital stock of the corporation issued
and outstanding and entitled to vote.</p>

<p style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;text-indent:.5in;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;">&nbsp;</font></p>

<p style="font-size:10.0pt;margin:0in 0in .0001pt;text-indent:.5in;"><i><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;font-style:italic;">Advance Notice Requirements for Stockholder
Proposals and Director Nominations</font></i>. Our bylaws provide that
stockholders who desire to nominate a person for election to our board of
directors must comply with specified notice and information provisions. Our
bylaws contain similar advance notice provisions for stockholder proposals for
action at stockholder meetings. These provisions prevent stockholders from
making nominations for directors and stockholder proposals from the floor at
any stockholder meeting and require any stockholder making a nomination or
proposal to submit the name of the nominees for board seats or the stockholder
proposal, together with specified information about the nominee or any
stockholder proposal, prior to the meeting at which directors are to be elected
or action is to be taken. These provisions ensure that stockholders have
adequate time to consider nominations and proposals before action is required,
and they may also have the effect of delaying stockholder action.</p>

<p style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;text-indent:.5in;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;">&nbsp;</font></p>

<p style="font-weight:bold;margin:0in 0in .0001pt;page-break-after:auto;text-align:center;text-transform:uppercase;"><b><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;"><font style="text-transform:none;">PLAN OF DISTRIBUTION</font><a name="PlanOfDistribution_080740"></a></font></b></p>

<p style="font-weight:bold;margin:0in 0in .0001pt;page-break-after:auto;text-align:center;text-transform:uppercase;"><b><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;">&nbsp;</font></b></p>

<p style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;text-indent:.5in;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;">Pursuant to General Instruction I.B.6 of Form&nbsp;S-3, we are
permitted to use the registration statement of which this prospectus forms a
part to sell a maximum amount of securities equal to one-third (33.33%) of the
aggregate market value our outstanding, publicly held voting and non-voting
common equity in any 12 month period. We may, from time to time, offer the
securities registered hereby up to this maximum amount.</font></p>

<p style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;text-indent:.5in;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;">&nbsp;</font></p>

<p style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;text-indent:.5in;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;">We may sell the securities offered by this prospectus in one or more of
the following ways from time to time:</font></p>

<p style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt .5in;text-indent:.5in;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;">&nbsp;</font></p>

<p style="font-size:10.0pt;margin:0in 0in .0001pt .75in;text-indent:-.25in;"><font size="2" face="Symbol" style="font-size:10.0pt;">&#183;</font><font size="1" style="font-size:3.0pt;">&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160; </font>to
or through underwriters or dealers; or</p>

<p style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt .75in;text-indent:-.25in;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;">&nbsp;</font></p>

<p style="font-size:10.0pt;margin:0in 0in .0001pt .75in;text-indent:-.25in;"><font size="2" face="Symbol" style="font-size:10.0pt;">&#183;</font><font size="1" style="font-size:3.0pt;">&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160; </font>directly
to purchasers, including our affiliates.</p>

<p style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt .75in;text-indent:-.25in;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;">&nbsp;</font></p>

<p style="font-size:10.0pt;margin:0in 0in .0001pt .75in;text-indent:-.25in;"><font size="2" face="Symbol" style="font-size:10.0pt;">&#183;</font><font size="1" style="font-size:3.0pt;">&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160; </font>through
agents;</p>

<p style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt .75in;text-indent:-.25in;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;">&nbsp;</font></p>

<p style="font-size:10.0pt;margin:0in 0in .0001pt .75in;text-indent:-.25in;"><font size="2" face="Symbol" style="font-size:10.0pt;">&#183;</font><font size="1" style="font-size:3.0pt;">&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160; </font>through
a block trade in which the broker or dealer engaged to handle the block will
attempt to sell the securities as agent, but may position and resell a portion
of the block as principal to facilitate the transaction; or</p>

<p align="center" style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;text-align:center;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;">&nbsp;</font></p>

<p align="center" style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;text-align:center;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;">10</font></p>

<div style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;"><hr size="3" width="100%" noshade color="#010101" align="left"></div>

</div>
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<div style="font-family:Times New Roman;">

<p style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;"><a href="#TableOfContents" title="Click to go to Table of Contents">Table
of Contents</a></font></p>

<p style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;">&nbsp;</font></p>

<p style="font-size:10.0pt;margin:0in 0in .0001pt .75in;text-indent:-.25in;"><font size="2" face="Symbol" style="font-size:10.0pt;">&#183;</font><font size="1" style="font-size:3.0pt;">&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160; </font>through a
combination of any of these methods of sale.</p>

<p style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt 1.0in;text-indent:-.25in;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;">&nbsp;</font></p>

<p style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;text-indent:.5in;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;">In addition, we
may issue the securities being offered by this prospectus as a dividend or
distribution.</font></p>

<p style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;text-indent:.5in;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;">&nbsp;</font></p>

<p style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;text-indent:.5in;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;">We may effect the
distribution of the securities from time to time in one or more transactions at
a fixed price or prices, which may be changed from time to time, at market
prices prevailing at the time of sale, at prices related to prevailing market
prices or at negotiated prices.</font></p>

<p style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;text-indent:.5in;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;">&nbsp;</font></p>

<p style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;text-indent:.5in;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;">We will set forth
in a prospectus supplement the terms of the offering of our securities,
including:</font></p>

<p style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;text-indent:.5in;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;">&nbsp;</font></p>

<p style="font-size:10.0pt;margin:0in 0in .0001pt .75in;text-indent:-.25in;"><font size="2" face="Symbol" style="font-size:10.0pt;">&#183;</font><font size="1" style="font-size:3.0pt;">&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160; </font>the type and
amount of securities we are offering;</p>

<p style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt .75in;text-indent:-.25in;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;">&nbsp;</font></p>

<p style="font-size:10.0pt;margin:0in 0in .0001pt .75in;text-indent:-.25in;"><font size="2" face="Symbol" style="font-size:10.0pt;">&#183;</font><font size="1" style="font-size:3.0pt;">&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160; </font>the purchase
price of our securities being offered and the net proceeds we will receive from
the sale;</p>

<p style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt .75in;text-indent:-.25in;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;">&nbsp;</font></p>

<p style="font-size:10.0pt;margin:0in 0in .0001pt .75in;text-indent:-.25in;"><font size="2" face="Symbol" style="font-size:10.0pt;">&#183;</font><font size="1" style="font-size:3.0pt;">&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160; </font>the method of
distribution of the securities we are offering;</p>

<p style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt .75in;text-indent:-.25in;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;">&nbsp;</font></p>

<p style="font-size:10.0pt;margin:0in 0in .0001pt .75in;text-indent:-.25in;"><font size="2" face="Symbol" style="font-size:10.0pt;">&#183;</font><font size="1" style="font-size:3.0pt;">&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160; </font>the name or
names of any agents, underwriters or dealers;</p>

<p style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt .75in;text-indent:-.25in;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;">&nbsp;</font></p>

<p style="font-size:10.0pt;margin:0in 0in .0001pt .75in;text-indent:-.25in;"><font size="2" face="Symbol" style="font-size:10.0pt;">&#183;</font><font size="1" style="font-size:3.0pt;">&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160; </font>any
over-allotment options under which underwriters may purchase additional
securities from us;</p>

<p style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt .75in;text-indent:-.25in;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;">&nbsp;</font></p>

<p style="font-size:10.0pt;margin:0in 0in .0001pt .75in;text-indent:-.25in;"><font size="2" face="Symbol" style="font-size:10.0pt;">&#183;</font><font size="1" style="font-size:3.0pt;">&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160; </font>any underwriting
discounts and commissions or agency fees and commissions and other items
constituting underwriters&#146; or agents&#146; compensation;</p>

<p style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt .75in;text-indent:-.25in;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;">&nbsp;</font></p>

<p style="font-size:10.0pt;margin:0in 0in .0001pt .75in;text-indent:-.25in;"><font size="2" face="Symbol" style="font-size:10.0pt;">&#183;</font><font size="1" style="font-size:3.0pt;">&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160; </font>any discounts or
concessions allowed or reallowed or paid to dealers; and</p>

<p style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt .75in;text-indent:-.25in;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;">&nbsp;</font></p>

<p style="font-size:10.0pt;margin:0in 0in .0001pt .75in;text-indent:-.25in;"><font size="2" face="Symbol" style="font-size:10.0pt;">&#183;</font><font size="1" style="font-size:3.0pt;">&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160; </font>any securities
exchanges on which such securities may be listed.</p>

<p style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt 1.0in;text-indent:-.25in;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;">&nbsp;</font></p>

<p style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;"><b><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;font-weight:bold;">Sale
Through Underwriters or Dealers</font></b></p>

<p style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;">&nbsp;</font></p>

<p style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;text-indent:.5in;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;">If we use an
underwriter or underwriters in the sale of securities offered by this
prospectus, the underwriters will acquire the securities for their own account,
including through underwriting, purchase, security lending or repurchase
agreements with us. The underwriters may resell the securities from time to
time in one or more transactions, including negotiated transactions.
Underwriters may sell the securities in order to facilitate transactions in any
of our other securities (described in this prospectus or otherwise), including
other public or private transactions and short sales. Underwriters may offer
securities to the public either through underwriting syndicates represented by
one or more managing underwriters or directly by one or more firms acting as
underwriters. Unless otherwise indicated in the prospectus supplement, the
obligations of the underwriters to purchase the securities will be subject to
certain conditions, and the underwriters will be obligated to purchase all the
offered securities if they purchase any of them. The underwriters may change
from time to time any public offering price and any discounts or concessions
allowed or reallowed or paid to dealers.</font></p>

<p style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;text-indent:.5in;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;">&nbsp;</font></p>

<p style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;text-indent:.5in;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;">If we use an
underwriter or underwriters in the sale of securities, we will execute an
underwriting agreement with the underwriter or underwriters at the time we
reach an agreement for sale. We will set forth in the applicable prospectus
supplement the names of the specific managing underwriter or underwriters, as
well as any other underwriters, and the terms of the transactions, including
compensation of the underwriters and dealers. This compensation may be in the
form of discounts, concessions or commissions.</font></p>

<p align="center" style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;text-align:center;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;">&nbsp;</font></p>

<p align="center" style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;text-align:center;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;">11</font></p>

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</div>
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<div>

<p style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;"><a href="#TableOfContents" title="Click to go to Table of Contents">Table
of Contents</a></font></p>

<p align="center" style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;text-align:center;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;">&nbsp;</font></p>

<p style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;text-indent:.5in;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;">We may grant to
the underwriters options to purchase additional securities to cover
over-allotments, if any, at the public offering price with additional
underwriting discounts or commissions. If we grant any over-allotment option,
the terms of any over-allotment option will be set forth in the prospectus
supplement relating to those securities.</font></p>

<p style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;text-indent:.5in;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;">&nbsp;</font></p>

<p style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;"><b><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;font-weight:bold;">Sale
Through Dealers</font></b></p>

<p style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;">&nbsp;</font></p>

<p style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;text-indent:.5in;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;">If we use dealers
in the sale of the securities offered by this prospectus, we or an underwriter
will sell the securities to them as principals. The dealers may then resell
those securities to the public at varying prices to be determined by the
dealers at the time of resale. The applicable prospectus supplement will set
forth the names of the dealers and the terms of the transactions.</font></p>

<p style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;text-indent:.5in;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;">&nbsp;</font></p>

<p style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;"><b><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;font-weight:bold;">Direct
Sales</font></b></p>

<p style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;">&nbsp;</font></p>

<p style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;text-indent:.5in;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;">We may directly
solicit offers to purchase the securities offered by this prospectus. In this
case, no underwriters or agents would be involved. We may sell the securities
directly to institutional investors or others who may be deemed to be
underwriters within the meaning of the Securities Act with respect to any sale
of those securities. The terms of any such sales will be described in the
prospectus supplement.</font></p>

<p style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;text-indent:.5in;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;">&nbsp;</font></p>

<p style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;"><b><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;font-weight:bold;">Sales
Through Agents</font></b></p>

<p style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;">&nbsp;</font></p>

<p style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;text-indent:.5in;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;">Securities also
may be offered and sold through agents designated from time to time. The
prospectus supplement will name any agent involved in the offer or sale of the
securities and will describe any commissions payable to the agent. Unless
otherwise indicated in the applicable prospectus supplement, any agent will
agree to use its reasonable best efforts to solicit purchases for the period of
its appointment.&#160; Any agent may be deemed
to be an underwriter within the meaning of the Securities Act with respect to
any sale of those securities.</font></p>

<p style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;text-indent:.5in;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;">&nbsp;</font></p>

<p style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;"><b><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;font-weight:bold;">Delayed
Delivery Contracts</font></b></p>

<p style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;">&nbsp;</font></p>

<p style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;text-indent:.5in;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;">If the applicable
prospectus supplement indicates, we may authorize agents, underwriters or
dealers to solicit offers from institutions to purchase securities at the
public offering price under delayed delivery contracts. These contracts would
provide for payment and delivery on a specified date in the future.
Institutions with which contracts of this type may be made include commercial
and savings banks, insurance companies, pension funds, investment companies,
educational and charitable institutions, but in all cases those institutions
must be approved by us.&#160; The obligations
of any purchaser under any contract of this type will be subject to the
condition that the purchase of the securities shall not at the time of delivery
be prohibited under the laws of the jurisdiction to which the purchaser is
subject.&#160; The applicable prospectus
supplement will describe the commission payable for solicitation of those
contracts.</font></p>

<p style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;text-indent:.5in;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;">&nbsp;</font></p>

<p style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;"><b><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;font-weight:bold;">Market
Making, Stabilization and Other Transactions</font></b></p>

<p style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;">&nbsp;</font></p>

<p style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;text-indent:.5in;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;">Our common stock
is listed on the NASDAQ Global Market.&#160;
Any common stock sold pursuant to a prospectus supplement will be
eligible for listing and trading on the NASDAQ Global Market, subject to
official notice of issuance. Unless the applicable prospectus supplement states
otherwise, each other class or series of securities issued will be a new issue
and will have no established trading market. We may elect to list any other
class or series of securities on an exchange, but we are not currently
obligated to do so. Any underwriters that we use in the sale of offered
securities may make a market in such securities, but may discontinue such
market making at any time without notice. Therefore, we cannot assure you that
the securities will have a liquid trading market.</font></p>

<p align="center" style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;text-align:center;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;">&nbsp;</font></p>

<p align="center" style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;text-align:center;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;">12</font></p>

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<p style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;"><a href="#TableOfContents" title="Click to go to Table of Contents">Table
of Contents</a></font></p>

<p align="center" style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;text-align:center;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;">&nbsp;</font></p>

<p style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;text-indent:.5in;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;">Any underwriter
may also engage in stabilizing transactions, syndicate covering transactions
and penalty bids in accordance with Regulation M under the Securities Exchange
Act of 1934, as amended. Stabilizing transactions involve bids to purchase the
underlying security in the open market for the purpose of pegging, fixing or
maintaining the price of the securities. Syndicate covering transactions
involve purchases of the securities in the open market after the distribution
has been completed in order to cover syndicate short positions.</font></p>

<p style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;text-indent:.5in;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;">&nbsp;</font></p>

<p style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;text-indent:.5in;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;">Penalty bids
permit the underwriters to reclaim a selling concession from a syndicate member
when the securities originally sold by the syndicate member are purchased in a
syndicate covering transaction to cover syndicate short positions. Stabilizing
transactions, syndicate covering transactions and penalty bids may cause the
price of the securities to be higher than it would be in the absence of the
transactions. The underwriters may, if they commence these transactions,
discontinue them at any time.</font></p>

<p style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;text-indent:.5in;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;">&nbsp;</font></p>

<p style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;"><b><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;font-weight:bold;">Derivative
Transactions and Hedging</font></b></p>

<p style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;">&nbsp;</font></p>

<p style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;text-indent:.5in;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;">We, the
underwriters or other agents may engage in derivative transactions involving
the securities. These derivatives may consist of short sale transactions and
other hedging activities. The underwriters or agents may acquire a long or
short position in the securities, hold or resell securities acquired and
purchase options or futures on the securities and other derivative instruments
with returns linked to or related to changes in the price of the securities. In
order to facilitate these derivative transactions, we may enter into security
lending or repurchase agreements with the underwriters or agents. The
underwriters or agents may effect the derivative transactions through sales of
the securities to the public, including short sales, or by lending the
securities in order to facilitate short sale transactions by others. The
underwriters or agents may also use the securities purchased or borrowed from
us or others (or, in the case of derivatives, securities received from us in
settlement of those derivatives) to directly or indirectly settle sales of the securities
or close out any related open borrowings of the securities.</font></p>

<p style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;text-indent:.5in;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;">&nbsp;</font></p>

<p style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;"><b><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;font-weight:bold;">Electronic
Auctions</font></b></p>

<p style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;">&nbsp;</font></p>

<p style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;text-indent:.5in;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;">We may also make
sales through the Internet or through other electronic means. Since we may from
time to time elect to offer securities directly to the public, with or without
the involvement of agents, underwriters or dealers, utilizing the Internet or
other forms of electronic bidding or ordering systems for the pricing and
allocation of such securities, you will want to pay particular attention to the
description of that system we will provide in a prospectus supplement.</font></p>

<p style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;text-indent:.5in;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;">&nbsp;</font></p>

<p style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;text-indent:.5in;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;">Such electronic
system may allow bidders to directly participate, through electronic access to
an auction site, by submitting conditional offers to buy that are subject to
acceptance by us, and which may directly affect the price or other terms and
conditions at which such securities are sold. These bidding or ordering systems
may present to each bidder, on a so-called &#147;real-time&#148; basis, relevant
information to assist in making a bid, such as the clearing spread at which the
offering would be sold, based on the bids submitted, and whether a bidder&#146;s
individual bids would be accepted, prorated or rejected. Of course, many
pricing methods can and may also be used.</font></p>

<p style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;text-indent:.5in;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;">&nbsp;</font></p>

<p style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;text-indent:.5in;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;">Upon completion of
such an electronic auction process, securities will be allocated based on
prices bid, terms of bid or other factors. The final offering price at which
securities would be sold and the allocation of securities among bidders would
be based in whole or in part on the results of the Internet or other electronic
bidding process or auction.</font></p>

<p align="center" style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;text-align:center;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;">&nbsp;</font></p>

<p align="center" style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;text-align:center;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;">13</font></p>

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</div>
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<div>

<p style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;"><a href="#TableOfContents" title="Click to go to Table of Contents">Table
of Contents</a></font></p>

<p align="center" style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;text-align:center;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;">&nbsp;</font></p>

<p style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;"><b><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;font-weight:bold;">General
Information</font></b></p>

<p style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;">&nbsp;</font></p>

<p style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;text-indent:.5in;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;">Agents,
underwriters, and dealers may be entitled, under agreements entered into with
us, to indemnification by us against specified liabilities, including
liabilities under the Securities Act, or to contribution by us to payments they
may be required to make in respect to such liabilities.&#160; The applicable prospectus supplement will
describe the terms and conditions of indemnification or contribution. Some of
our agents, underwriters, and dealers, or their affiliates, may be customers
of, engage in transactions with or perform services for us, in the ordinary
course of business.&#160; We will describe in
the prospectus supplement the nature of any such relationship and the name of
the parties involved.&#160; Any lockup
arrangements will be set forth in the applicable prospectus supplement.</font></p>

<p style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;text-indent:.5in;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;">&nbsp;</font></p>

<p style="font-weight:bold;margin:0in 0in .0001pt;page-break-after:auto;text-align:center;text-transform:uppercase;"><b><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;"><font style="text-transform:none;">LEGAL
MATTERS</font><a name="LegalMatters_080458"></a></font></b></p>

<p style="font-weight:bold;margin:0in 0in .0001pt;page-break-after:auto;text-align:center;text-transform:uppercase;"><b><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;">&nbsp;</font></b></p>

<p style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;text-indent:.5in;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;">The validity of
the securities offered hereby will be passed upon for us by Oppenheimer Wolff&nbsp;&amp;
Donnelly LLP.</font></p>

<p style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;text-indent:.5in;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;">&nbsp;</font></p>

<p style="font-weight:bold;margin:0in 0in .0001pt;page-break-after:auto;text-align:center;text-transform:uppercase;"><b><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;"><font style="text-transform:none;">EXPERTS</font><a name="Experts_080501"></a></font></b></p>

<p style="font-weight:bold;margin:0in 0in .0001pt;page-break-after:auto;text-align:center;text-transform:uppercase;"><b><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;">&nbsp;</font></b></p>



<p style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;text-indent:.5in;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;">The financial statements incorporated in this
prospectus by reference to our annual report on Form&nbsp;10-K for the year
ended August&nbsp;31, 2008 have been so incorporated in reliance on the report
of Virchow, Krause&nbsp;&amp; Company, LLP, an independent registered public
accounting firm, given on the authority of said firm as experts in auditing and
accounting. </font></p>



<p style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;text-indent:.5in;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;">&nbsp;</font></p>

<p style="font-weight:bold;margin:0in 0in .0001pt;page-break-after:auto;text-align:center;text-transform:uppercase;"><b><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;"><font style="text-transform:none;">WHERE
YOU CAN FIND MORE INFORMATION</font><a name="WhereYouCanFindMoreInformation_080503"></a></font></b></p>

<p style="font-weight:bold;margin:0in 0in .0001pt;page-break-after:auto;text-align:center;text-transform:uppercase;"><b><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;">&nbsp;</font></b></p>

<p style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;text-indent:.5in;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;">We file annual,
quarterly and special reports, proxy statements and other documents with the
SEC. You may read and copy any document we file at the SEC&#146;s public reference
room at 100 F Street, N.E., Washington, D.C. 20549. You should call 1-800-SEC-0330
for more information on the public reference room. The SEC maintains an
Internet website at http://www.sec.gov that contains reports, proxy and
information statements, and other information regarding issuers of securities,
like us, that file electronically with the SEC. Our SEC filings are available
to you on the SEC&#146;s Internet website.&#160; We
also maintain a website at http://www.ntic.com, which provides additional
information about our company.&#160; The
contents of our website or any other website, however, are not a part of this
prospectus and is not incorporated by reference into this prospectus or any
accompanying prospectus supplement.&#160; Our
website address is included as an inactive textual reference only.</font></p>

<p style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;text-indent:.5in;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;">&nbsp;</font></p>

<p style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;text-indent:.5in;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;">This prospectus is
part of a registration statement that we filed with the SEC. The registration
statement, including certain exhibits and schedules and the information
incorporated by reference, contains more information than this prospectus
regarding us and our securities. You can obtain a copy of the registration
statement from the SEC at the address listed above or from the SEC&#146;s Internet
site.</font></p>

<p style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;text-indent:.5in;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;">&nbsp;</font></p>

<p style="font-weight:bold;margin:0in 0in .0001pt;page-break-after:auto;text-align:center;text-transform:uppercase;"><b><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;"><font style="text-transform:none;">INCORPORATION
OF CERTAIN DOCUMENTS BY REFERENCE</font><a name="IncorporationOfCertainDocumentsBy_080506"></a></font></b></p>

<p style="font-weight:bold;margin:0in 0in .0001pt;page-break-after:auto;text-align:center;text-transform:uppercase;"><b><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;">&nbsp;</font></b></p>

<p style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;text-indent:.5in;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;">We are
incorporating by reference certain documents we file with the SEC, which means
that we can disclose important information to you by referring you to those
documents. The information in the documents incorporated by reference is
considered to be part of this prospectus. Information in documents that we file
with the SEC after the date of this prospectus will automatically update and
supersede information in this prospectus. We incorporate by reference the
documents listed below and any future filings we may make with the SEC under Section&nbsp;13(a),
13(c), 14 or 15(d)&nbsp;of the Exchange Act after the date of this prospectus
and before the termination of the offering.</font></p>

<p align="center" style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;text-align:center;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;">&nbsp;</font></p>

<p align="center" style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;text-align:center;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;">14</font></p>

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</div>
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<div style="font-family:Times New Roman;">

<p style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;"><a href="#TableOfContents" title="Click to go to Table of Contents">Table
of Contents</a></font></p>

<p align="center" style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;text-align:center;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;">&nbsp;</font></p>



<p style="font-size:10.0pt;margin:0in 0in .0001pt .75in;text-indent:-.25in;"><font size="2" face="Symbol" style="font-size:10.0pt;">&#183;</font><font size="1" style="font-size:3.0pt;">&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160; </font>Our
annual report on Form&nbsp;10-K for the fiscal year ended August&nbsp;31, 2008;
</p>



<p style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt .75in;text-indent:-.25in;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;">&nbsp;</font></p>



<p style="font-size:10.0pt;margin:0in 0in .0001pt .75in;text-indent:-.25in;"><font size="2" face="Symbol" style="font-size:10.0pt;">&#183;</font><font size="1" style="font-size:3.0pt;">&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160; </font>Our
quarterly report on Form&nbsp;10-Q for the quarter ended November&nbsp;30,
2008; </p>



<p style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt .75in;text-indent:-.25in;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;">&nbsp;</font></p>



<p style="font-size:10.0pt;margin:0in 0in .0001pt .75in;text-indent:-.25in;"><font size="2" face="Symbol" style="font-size:10.0pt;">&#183;</font><font size="1" style="font-size:3.0pt;">&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160; </font>Our
current report on Form&nbsp;8-K as filed with the SEC on November&nbsp;24,
2008; and </p>



<p style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt .75in;text-indent:-.25in;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;">&nbsp;</font></p>

<p style="font-size:10.0pt;margin:0in 0in .0001pt .75in;text-indent:-.25in;"><font size="2" face="Symbol" style="font-size:10.0pt;">&#183;</font><font size="1" style="font-size:3.0pt;">&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160; </font>The description
of our common stock contained in our registration statement on Form&nbsp;8-A
dated June&nbsp;26, 2008, and including any other amendments or reports filed
for the purpose of updating that description.</p>

<p style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt 1.0in;text-indent:-.25in;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;">&nbsp;</font></p>

<p style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;text-indent:.5in;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;">We are not,
however, incorporating by reference any documents or portions of documents that
are not deemed &#147;filed&#148; with the SEC.</font></p>

<p style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;text-indent:.5in;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;">&nbsp;</font></p>

<p style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;text-indent:.5in;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;">Information
contained in this prospectus supplements, modifies or supersedes, as
applicable, the information contained in earlier-dated documents incorporated
by reference. Information contained in later-dated documents incorporated by
reference supplements, modifies or supersedes, as applicable, the information
contained in this prospectus or in earlier-dated documents incorporated by
reference.</font></p>

<p style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;text-indent:.5in;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;">&nbsp;</font></p>

<p style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;text-indent:.5in;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;">You may request,
orally or in writing, a copy of these documents, which will be provided to you
at no cost, by contacting:</font></p>

<p style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;text-indent:.5in;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;">&nbsp;</font></p>

<p style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;text-indent:.5in;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;">Northern Technologies International Corporation</font></p>

<p style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;text-indent:.5in;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;">4201 Woodland Road</font></p>

<p style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;text-indent:.5in;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;">Circle Pines, MN 55014</font></p>

<p style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;text-indent:.5in;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;">Attention: Chief Financial Officer</font></p>

<p style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;text-indent:.5in;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;">Telephone: (763)
225-6637</font></p>

<p style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;text-indent:.5in;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;">&nbsp;</font></p>

<p style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;text-indent:.5in;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;">You should rely
only on the information contained in this prospectus, including information
incorporated by reference as described above, or any prospectus supplement that
we have specifically referred you to. We have not authorized anyone else to
provide you with different information. You should not assume that the
information in this prospectus or any prospectus supplement is accurate as of
any date other than the date on the front of those documents or that any
document incorporated by reference is accurate as of any date other than its
filing date. You should not consider this prospectus to be an offer or
solicitation relating to the securities in any jurisdiction in which such an
offer or solicitation relating to the securities is not authorized.
Furthermore, you should not consider this prospectus to be an offer or
solicitation relating to the securities if the person making the offer or
solicitation is not qualified to do so, or if it is unlawful for you to receive
such an offer or solicitation.</font></p>

<p align="center" style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;text-align:center;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;">&nbsp;</font></p>

<p align="center" style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;text-align:center;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;">15</font></p>

<div style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;"><hr size="3" width="100%" noshade color="#010101" align="left"></div>

</div>
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<div>

<p style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;"><a href="#TableOfContents" title="Click to go to Table of Contents">Table
of Contents</a></font></p>

<p style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;">&nbsp;</font></p>

<p align="center" style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;text-align:center;"><b><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;font-weight:bold;">NORTHERN TECHNOLOGIES
INTERNATIONAL CORPORATION</font></b></p>

<p align="center" style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;text-align:center;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;">&nbsp;</font></p>

<p align="center" style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;text-align:center;"><b><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;font-weight:bold;">$50,000,000</font></b></p>

<p align="center" style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;text-align:center;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;">&nbsp;</font></p>

<p align="center" style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;text-align:center;"><b><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;font-weight:bold;">Common Stock</font></b></p>

<p align="center" style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;text-align:center;"><b><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;font-weight:bold;">Warrants</font></b></p>

<p align="center" style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;text-align:center;"><b><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;font-weight:bold;">Units</font></b></p>

<p align="center" style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;text-align:center;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;">&nbsp;</font></p>

<div align="center" style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;text-align:center;"><hr size="1" width="25%" noshade color="black" align="center"></div>

<p align="center" style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;text-align:center;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;">&nbsp;</font></p>

<p align="center" style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;text-align:center;"><b><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;font-weight:bold;">PROSPECTUS</font></b></p>

<p align="center" style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;text-align:center;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;">&nbsp;</font></p>



<p align="center" style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;text-align:center;text-indent:0in;"><b><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;font-weight:bold;">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;,
2009 </font></b></p>



<p align="center" style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;text-align:center;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;">&nbsp;</font></p>

<p align="center" style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;text-align:center;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;">16</font></p>

<p align="center" style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;text-align:center;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;">&nbsp;</font></p>

<div style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;"><hr size="3" width="100%" noshade color="#010101" align="left"></div>

</div>
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<div>

<p style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;"><a href="#TableOfContents" title="Click to go to Table of Contents">Table
of Contents</a></font></p>

<p style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;">&nbsp;</font></p>

<p align="center" style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;text-align:center;"><b><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;font-weight:bold;">PART&nbsp;II</font></b></p>

<p align="center" style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;text-align:center;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;">&nbsp;</font></p>

<p align="center" style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;text-align:center;"><b><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;font-weight:bold;">INFORMATION NOT REQUIRED IN
PROSPECTUS</font></b></p>

<p align="center" style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;text-align:center;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;">&nbsp;</font></p>

<p style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;"><b><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;font-weight:bold;">Item
14.&#160; Other Expenses of Issuance and
Distribution.</font></b></p>

<p style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;">&nbsp;</font></p>

<p style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;text-indent:.5in;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;">The following
table sets forth the expenses to be incurred and payable by the registrant in
connection with the issuance and distribution of the securities being
registered, other than underwriting discounts and commissions, if any.&#160; All such expenses are estimated except for
the SEC registration fee.</font></p>

<p style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;text-indent:.5in;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;">&nbsp;</font></p>

<table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" width="83%" style="border-collapse:collapse;margin-left:.5in;width:83.34%;">
 <tr>
  <td width="81%" valign="top" bgcolor="#CCEEFF" style="background:#CCEEFF;padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;width:81.4%;">
  <p style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt 10.0pt;text-indent:-10.0pt;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;">SEC registration
  fee</font></p>
  </td>
  <td width="3%" valign="bottom" bgcolor="#CCEEFF" style="background:#CCEEFF;padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;width:3.0%;">
  <p style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:1.0pt;">&nbsp;</font></p>
  </td>
  <td width="1%" valign="bottom" bgcolor="#CCEEFF" style="background:#CCEEFF;padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;width:1.34%;">
  <p style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;">$</font></p>
  </td>
  <td width="13%" valign="bottom" bgcolor="#CCEEFF" style="background:#CCEEFF;padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;width:13.1%;">
  <p align="right" style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;text-align:right;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;">1,965</font></p>
  </td>
  <td width="1%" valign="bottom" bgcolor="#CCEEFF" style="background:#CCEEFF;padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;width:1.16%;">
  <p style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:1.0pt;">&nbsp;</font></p>
  </td>
 </tr>
 <tr>
  <td width="81%" valign="top" style="padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;width:81.4%;">
  <p style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt 10.0pt;text-indent:-10.0pt;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;">Legal fees and
  expenses</font></p>
  </td>
  <td width="3%" valign="bottom" style="padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;width:3.0%;">
  <p style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:1.0pt;">&nbsp;</font></p>
  </td>
  <td width="14%" colspan="2" valign="bottom" style="padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;width:14.44%;">
  <p align="right" style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;text-align:right;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;">35,000</font></p>
  </td>
  <td width="1%" valign="bottom" style="padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;width:1.16%;">
  <p style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:1.0pt;">&nbsp;</font></p>
  </td>
 </tr>
 <tr>
  <td width="81%" valign="top" bgcolor="#CCEEFF" style="background:#CCEEFF;padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;width:81.4%;">
  <p style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt 10.0pt;text-indent:-10.0pt;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;">Accounting fees
  and expenses</font></p>
  </td>
  <td width="3%" valign="bottom" bgcolor="#CCEEFF" style="background:#CCEEFF;padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;width:3.0%;">
  <p style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:1.0pt;">&nbsp;</font></p>
  </td>
  <td width="14%" colspan="2" valign="bottom" bgcolor="#CCEEFF" style="background:#CCEEFF;padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;width:14.44%;">
  <p align="right" style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;text-align:right;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;">30,000</font></p>
  </td>
  <td width="1%" valign="bottom" bgcolor="#CCEEFF" style="background:#CCEEFF;padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;width:1.16%;">
  <p style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:1.0pt;">&nbsp;</font></p>
  </td>
 </tr>
 <tr>
  <td width="81%" valign="top" style="padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;width:81.4%;">
  <p style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt 10.0pt;text-indent:-10.0pt;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;">Printing and
  engraving expenses</font></p>
  </td>
  <td width="3%" valign="bottom" style="padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;width:3.0%;">
  <p style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:1.0pt;">&nbsp;</font></p>
  </td>
  <td width="14%" colspan="2" valign="bottom" style="padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;width:14.44%;">
  <p align="right" style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;text-align:right;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;">3,000</font></p>
  </td>
  <td width="1%" valign="bottom" style="padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;width:1.16%;">
  <p style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:1.0pt;">&nbsp;</font></p>
  </td>
 </tr>
 <tr>
  <td width="81%" valign="top" bgcolor="#CCEEFF" style="background:#CCEEFF;padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;width:81.4%;">
  <p style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt 10.0pt;text-indent:-10.0pt;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;">Transfer agent
  fees and expenses</font></p>
  </td>
  <td width="3%" valign="bottom" bgcolor="#CCEEFF" style="background:#CCEEFF;padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;width:3.0%;">
  <p style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:1.0pt;">&nbsp;</font></p>
  </td>
  <td width="14%" colspan="2" valign="bottom" bgcolor="#CCEEFF" style="background:#CCEEFF;padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;width:14.44%;">
  <p align="right" style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;text-align:right;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;">2,000</font></p>
  </td>
  <td width="1%" valign="bottom" bgcolor="#CCEEFF" style="background:#CCEEFF;padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;width:1.16%;">
  <p style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:1.0pt;">&nbsp;</font></p>
  </td>
 </tr>
 <tr>
  <td width="81%" valign="top" style="padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;width:81.4%;">
  <p style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt 10.0pt;text-indent:-10.0pt;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;">Miscellaneous</font></p>
  </td>
  <td width="3%" valign="bottom" style="padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;width:3.0%;">
  <p style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:1.0pt;">&nbsp;</font></p>
  </td>
  <td width="14%" colspan="2" valign="bottom" style="border:none;border-bottom:solid windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;width:14.44%;">
  <p align="right" style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;text-align:right;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;">2,000</font></p>
  </td>
  <td width="1%" valign="bottom" style="padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;width:1.16%;">
  <p style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:1.0pt;">&nbsp;</font></p>
  </td>
 </tr>
 <tr>
  <td width="81%" valign="top" bgcolor="#CCEEFF" style="background:#CCEEFF;padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;width:81.4%;">
  <p style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt 20.0pt;text-indent:-10.0pt;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;">*Total</font></p>
  </td>
  <td width="3%" valign="bottom" bgcolor="#CCEEFF" style="background:#CCEEFF;padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;width:3.0%;">
  <p style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:1.0pt;">&nbsp;</font></p>
  </td>
  <td width="1%" valign="bottom" bgcolor="#CCEEFF" style="background:#CCEEFF;border:none;border-bottom:double windowtext 2.25pt;padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;width:1.34%;">
  <p style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;">$</font></p>
  </td>
  <td width="13%" valign="bottom" bgcolor="#CCEEFF" style="background:#CCEEFF;border-bottom:double windowtext 2.25pt;border-left:none;border-right:none;border-top:solid windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;width:13.1%;">
  <p align="right" style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;text-align:right;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;">73,965</font></p>
  </td>
  <td width="1%" valign="bottom" bgcolor="#CCEEFF" style="background:#CCEEFF;padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;width:1.16%;">
  <p style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:1.0pt;">&nbsp;</font></p>
  </td>
 </tr>
</table>

<p style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;text-indent:1.0in;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;">&nbsp;</font></p>

<p style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;"><b><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;font-weight:bold;">Item
15.&#160; Indemnification of Directors and
Officers.</font></b></p>

<p style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;">&nbsp;</font></p>

<p style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;text-indent:.5in;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;">Under the Delaware
General Corporation Law, a corporation may indemnify any person who was or is a
party or is threatened to be made a party to an action (other than an action by
or in the right of the corporation) by reason of the fact that such person is
or was a director, officer, employee or agent of the corporation, or is or was
serving in a similar capacity for another corporation or other enterprise at
the corporation&#146;s request, against expenses (including attorneys&#146; fees) that
are actually and reasonably incurred by such person, and judgments, fines and
amounts paid in settlement of such action, provided that such person acted in
good faith and in a manner the person reasonably believed to be in or not
opposed to the corporation&#146;s best interests and, with respect to any criminal
action or proceeding, had no reasonable cause to believe that the person&#146;s
conduct was unlawful.</font></p>

<p style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;text-indent:.5in;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;">&nbsp;</font></p>

<p style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;text-indent:.5in;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;">Although the
Delaware General Corporation Law permits a corporation to indemnify any person
referred to above against expenses in connection with the defense or settlement
of an action by or in the right of the corporation, provided that such person
acted in good faith and in a manner the person reasonably believed to be in or
not opposed to the corporation&#146;s best interests, if such person has been judged
liable to the corporation, indemnification is only permitted to the extent that
the Court of Chancery (or the court in which the action was brought) determines
that, despite the adjudication of liability, such person is entitled to
indemnity for such expenses as the court deems proper.&#160; The determination as to whether a person
seeking indemnification has met the required standard of conduct is to be made,
with respect to a person who is a director or officer at the time of such
determination, (1)&nbsp;by a majority vote of the directors who are not parties
to such action, suit or proceeding, even though less than a quorum, or (2)&nbsp;by
a committee of such directors designated by majority vote of such directors,
even though less than a quorum, or (3)&nbsp;if there are no such directors or
if such directors so direct, by independent legal counsel in a written opinion,
or (4)&nbsp;by the stockholders.&#160; The
Delaware General Corporation Law also provides for mandatory indemnification of
any present or former director or officer against expenses to the extent such
person has been successful in any proceeding covered by the statute.</font></p>

<p style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;text-indent:.5in;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;">&nbsp;</font></p>

<p style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;text-indent:.5in;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;">In addition, the
Delaware General Corporation Law provides that, to the extent a present or
former director or officer of a corporation has been successful in the defense
of any action, suit or proceeding or in the defense of any claim, issue or
matter therein, such person shall be indemnified against expenses actually and
reasonably incurred in connection therewith; that indemnification provided for
by the Delaware General Corporation Law shall not be deemed exclusive of any
other rights to which </font></p>

<p align="center" style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;text-align:center;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;">&nbsp;</font></p>

<p align="center" style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;text-align:center;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;">17</font></p>

<div style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;"><hr size="3" width="100%" noshade color="#010101" align="left"></div>

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<div>

<p style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;"><a href="#TableOfContents" title="Click to go to Table of Contents">Table
of Contents</a></font></p>

<p align="center" style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;text-align:center;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;">&nbsp;</font></p>

<p style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;text-indent:0in;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;">the indemnified party may be entitled; and that the scope of
indemnification extends to directors, officers, employees or agents of a
constituent corporation absorbed in a consolidation or merger and persons
serving in that capacity at the request of the constituent corporation for
another.</font></p>

<p style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;text-indent:.5in;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;">&nbsp;</font></p>

<p style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;text-indent:.5in;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;">The Delaware
General Corporation Law also allows a corporation to purchase and maintain
insurance on behalf of a director or officer of the corporation against any
liability asserted against or incurred by such person in any such capacity or
arising out of such person&#146;s status as such, whether or not the corporation
would have the power to indemnify such person against such liabilities under
the Delaware General Corporation Law.</font></p>

<p style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;text-indent:.5in;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;">&nbsp;</font></p>

<p style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;text-indent:.5in;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;">Article&nbsp;VII
of the registrant&#146;s Certificate of Incorporation provides that each director
and officer, past or present, of the registrant, and their respective heirs,
administrators and executors, shall be indemnified by the registrant in
accordance with, and to the fullest extent provided by, the provisions of the
Delaware General Corporation Law as they may from time to time be amended.</font></p>

<p style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;text-indent:.5in;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;">&nbsp;</font></p>

<p style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;text-indent:.5in;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;">Additionally, Article&nbsp;VII
of the registrant&#146;s Bylaws provides that the registrant shall indemnify any
director, officer or employee against any and all judgments, penalties, fines,
amounts paid in settlement and expenses incurred or imposed in connection with,
or which result from, any proceeding in which such person is or may become
involved by reason of being a director, officer or employee.&#160; A proceeding means any actual, threatened or
completed action, suit, arbitration, alternative dispute resolution mechanism,
investigation, administrative hearing or other formal claim that could result
or has resulted in personal liability, whether civil, criminal, administrative
or investigative.&#160; In connection with a
proceeding, the registrant may advance expenses to the director, officer or
employee upon receipt of an undertaking by or on behalf of such person to repay
such advance if it shall ultimately be determined that such person is not
entitled to indemnification by the registrant.&#160;
Article&nbsp;VIII of the registrant&#146;s Bylaws gives the registrant the
express authority to enter into such agreements as the board of directors deems
appropriate for the indemnification of present or future directors and officers
of the registrant.</font></p>

<p style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;text-indent:.5in;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;">&nbsp;</font></p>



<p style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;text-indent:.5in;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;">In addition, the registrant has entered into
agreements with its directors and officers regarding indemnification, in
addition to indemnification provided for in its Certificate of Incorporation,
Bylaws and the Delaware General Corporation Law.&#160; Under these agreements, the registrant is
required to indemnify its current and former directors and officers against
expenses, judgments, penalties, fines, settlements and other amounts actually
and reasonably incurred, including expenses of a derivative action, in
connection with an actual or threatened proceeding if any of them may be made a
party because he or she is or was one of the registrant&#146;s directors or officers.&#160; The registrant will be obligated to pay these
amounts only if the director or officer acted in good faith and in a manner
that he or she reasonably believed to be in or not opposed to the registrant&#146;s
best interests.&#160; With respect to any
criminal proceeding, the registrant will be obligated to pay these amounts only
if the director or officer had no reasonable cause to believe his or her
conduct was unlawful.&#160; The
indemnification agreements also set forth procedures that will apply in the
event of a claim for indemnification. </font></p>



<p style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;text-indent:.5in;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;">&nbsp;</font></p>

<p style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;text-indent:.5in;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;">The registrant
maintains directors&#146; and officers&#146; liability insurance, including a
reimbursement policy in favor of the registrant.</font></p>

<p style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;text-indent:.5in;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;">&nbsp;</font></p>

<p style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;text-indent:.5in;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;">The foregoing
represents a summary of the general effect of the Delaware General Corporation
Law, the registrant&#146;s Certificate of Incorporation, the registrant&#146;s Bylaws and
any other contracts or arrangements of the registrant relating to
indemnification, and is qualified in its entirety by reference to, the terms
and provisions of the Delaware General Corporation Law, the registrant&#146;s
Certificate of Incorporation, the registrant&#146;s Bylaws and such other contracts
or arrangements relating to indemnification.</font></p>

<p align="center" style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;text-align:center;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;">&nbsp;</font></p>

<p align="center" style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;text-align:center;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;">18</font></p>

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</div>
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<div style="font-family:Times New Roman;">

<p style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;"><a href="#TableOfContents" title="Click to go to Table of Contents">Table
of Contents</a></font></p>

<p align="center" style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;text-align:center;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;">&nbsp;</font></p>



<p style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;text-indent:.5in;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;">Insofar as indemnification for liabilities arising
under the Securities Act of 1933 may be permitted to the registrant&#146;s
directors, officers or persons controlling the registrant pursuant to the
foregoing provisions, the registrant is aware that in the opinion of the
Securities and Exchange Commission that this indemnification is against public
policy as expressed in the Securities Act of 1933 and is therefore
unenforceable. </font></p>



<p style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;text-indent:.5in;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;">&nbsp;</font></p>

<p style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;"><b><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;font-weight:bold;">Item
16.&#160; Exhibits.</font></b></p>

<p style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;">&nbsp;</font></p>

<p style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;text-indent:.5in;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;">See the Exhibit&nbsp;Index
attached to this registration statement that is incorporated herein by
reference.</font></p>

<p style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;text-indent:.5in;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;">&nbsp;</font></p>

<p style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;"><b><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;font-weight:bold;">Item
17.&#160; Undertakings.</font></b></p>

<p style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;">&nbsp;</font></p>

<p style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;text-indent:.5in;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;">The undersigned
registrant hereby undertakes:</font></p>

<p style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;text-indent:.5in;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;">&nbsp;</font></p>

<h2 style="font-size:10.0pt;font-weight:normal;margin:0in 0in .0001pt 1.0in;text-indent:-.5in;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;">(1)</font><font size="1" style="font-size:3.0pt;">&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160; </font>To file, during any period in which offers or
sales are being made, a post-effective amendment to this registration
statement:</h2>

<h2 style="font-weight:normal;margin:0in 0in .0001pt 1.0in;text-indent:-.5in;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;">&nbsp;</font></h2>

<h3 style="font-size:10.0pt;font-weight:normal;margin:0in 0in .0001pt 1.5in;text-indent:-.5in;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;">(i)</font><font size="1" style="font-size:3.0pt;">&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160; </font>To include any prospectus required by Section&nbsp;10(a)(3)&nbsp;of
the Securities Act of 1933;</h3>

<h3 style="font-weight:normal;margin:0in 0in .0001pt 1.5in;text-indent:-.5in;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;">&nbsp;</font></h3>

<h3 style="font-size:10.0pt;font-weight:normal;margin:0in 0in .0001pt 1.5in;text-indent:-.5in;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;">(ii)</font><font size="1" style="font-size:3.0pt;">&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160; </font>To reflect in the prospectus any facts or
events arising after the effective date of the registration statement (or the
most recent post-effective amendment thereof) which, individually or in the
aggregate, represent a fundamental change in the information set forth in the
registration statement. Notwithstanding the foregoing, any increase or decrease
in volume of securities offered (if the total dollar value of securities
offered would not exceed that which was registered) and any deviation from the
low or high end of the estimated maximum offering range may be reflected in the
form of prospectus filed with the Commission pursuant to Rule&nbsp;424(b)&nbsp;if,
in the aggregate, the changes in volume and price represent no more than 20%
change in the maximum aggregate offering price set forth in the &#147;Calculation of
Registration Fee&#148; table in the effective registration statement.</h3>

<h3 style="font-weight:normal;margin:0in 0in .0001pt 1.5in;text-indent:-.5in;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;">&nbsp;</font></h3>

<h3 style="font-size:10.0pt;font-weight:normal;margin:0in 0in .0001pt 1.5in;text-indent:-.5in;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;">(iii)</font><font size="1" style="font-size:3.0pt;">&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160; </font>To include any material information with
respect to the plan of distribution not previously disclosed in the
registration statement or any material change to such information in the
registration statement;</h3>

<h3 style="font-weight:normal;margin:0in 0in .0001pt 1.5in;text-indent:-.5in;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;">&nbsp;</font></h3>

<p style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;">provided, however, that paragraphs (a)(1)(i), (a)(1)(ii)&nbsp;and
(a)(1)(iii)&nbsp;of this section do not apply if the information required to be
included in a post-effective amendment by those paragraphs is contained in
reports filed with or furnished to the Commission by the registrant pursuant to
section 13 or section 15(d)&nbsp;of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 that
are incorporated by reference in the registration statement, or is contained in
a form of prospectus filed pursuant to Rule&nbsp;424(b)&nbsp;that is part of
the registration statement. paragraphs (1)(i), (1)(ii)&nbsp;and (1)(iii)&nbsp;do
not apply if the information required to be included in a post-effective
amendment by those paragraphs is contained in reports filed with or furnished
to the Commission by the registrant pursuant to Section&nbsp;13 or Section&nbsp;15(d)&nbsp;of
the Securities Exchange Act that are incorporated by reference in this
Registration Statement, or is contained in a form of prospectus filed pursuant
to Rule&nbsp;424(b)&nbsp;that is part of this Registration Statement.</font></p>

<p style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;">&nbsp;</font></p>

<h2 style="font-size:10.0pt;font-weight:normal;margin:0in 0in .0001pt 1.0in;text-indent:-.5in;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;">(2)</font><font size="1" style="font-size:3.0pt;">&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160; </font>That, for the purpose of determining any liability
under the Securities Act of 1933, each such post-effective amendment shall be
deemed to be a new registration statement relating to the securities offered
therein, and the offering of such securities at that time </h2>

<p align="center" style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;text-align:center;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;">&nbsp;</font></p>

<p align="center" style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;text-align:center;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;">19</font></p>

<div style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;"><hr size="3" width="100%" noshade color="#010101" align="left"></div>

</div>
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<div style="font-family:Times New Roman;">

<p style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;"><a href="#TableOfContents" title="Click to go to Table of Contents">Table
of Contents</a></font></p>

<p align="center" style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;text-align:center;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;">&nbsp;</font></p>

<h2 style="font-weight:normal;margin:0in 0in .0001pt 1.5in;text-indent:-.5in;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;">shall be deemed to be the
initial bona fide offering thereof.</font></h2>

<h2 style="font-weight:normal;margin:0in 0in .0001pt 1.0in;text-indent:-.5in;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;">&nbsp;</font></h2>

<h2 style="font-size:10.0pt;font-weight:normal;margin:0in 0in .0001pt 1.0in;text-indent:-.5in;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;">(3)</font><font size="1" style="font-size:3.0pt;">&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160; </font>To remove from registration by means of a
post-effective amendment any of the securities being registered which remain
unsold at the termination of the offering.</h2>

<h2 style="font-weight:normal;margin:0in 0in .0001pt 1.0in;text-indent:-.5in;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;">&nbsp;</font></h2>

<h2 style="font-size:10.0pt;font-weight:normal;margin:0in 0in .0001pt 1.0in;text-indent:-.5in;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;">(4)</font><font size="1" style="font-size:3.0pt;">&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160; </font>That, for the purpose of determining
liability under the Securities Act of 1933 to any purchaser:</h2>

<h2 style="font-weight:normal;margin:0in 0in .0001pt 1.0in;text-indent:-.5in;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;">&nbsp;</font></h2>

<h3 style="font-size:10.0pt;font-weight:normal;margin:0in 0in .0001pt 1.5in;text-indent:-.5in;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;">(i)</font><font size="1" style="font-size:3.0pt;">&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160; </font>If
the registrant is relying on Rule&nbsp;430B</h3>

<h3 style="font-weight:normal;margin:0in 0in .0001pt 1.5in;text-indent:-.5in;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;">&nbsp;</font></h3>

<h4 style="font-weight:normal;margin:0in 0in .0001pt 2.0in;page-break-after:auto;text-indent:-.5in;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;">A.</font><font size="1" style="font-size:3.0pt;">&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160; </font><font size="2" style="font-size:10.0pt;">Each prospectus
filed by the registrant pursuant to Rule&nbsp;424(b)(3)shall be deemed to be
part of the registration statement as of the date the filed prospectus was
deemed part of and included in the registration statement; and</font></h4>

<h4 style="font-weight:normal;margin:0in 0in .0001pt 144.3pt;page-break-after:auto;text-indent:-33.8pt;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;">&nbsp;</font></h4>

<h4 style="font-weight:normal;margin:0in 0in .0001pt 2.0in;page-break-after:auto;text-indent:-.5in;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;">B.</font><font size="1" style="font-size:3.0pt;">&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160; </font><font size="2" style="font-size:10.0pt;">Each prospectus
required to be filed pursuant to Rule&nbsp;424(b)(2), (b)(5), or (b)(7)&nbsp;as
part of a registration statement in reliance on Rule&nbsp;430B relating to an
offering made pursuant to Rule&nbsp;415(a)(1)(i), (vii), or (x)&nbsp;for the
purpose of providing the information required by section 10(a)&nbsp;of the Securities
Act of 1933 shall be deemed to be part of and included in the registration
statement as of the earlier of the date such form of prospectus is first used
after effectiveness or the date of the first contract of sale of securities in
the offering described in the prospectus. As provided in Rule&nbsp;430B, for
liability purposes of the issuer and any person that is at that date an
underwriter, such date shall be deemed to be a new effective date of the
registration statement relating to the securities in the registration statement
to which that prospectus relates, and the offering of such securities at that
time shall be deemed to be the initial bona fide offering thereof. Provided,
however, that no statement made in a registration statement or prospectus that
is part of the registration statement or made in a document incorporated or
deemed incorporated by reference into the registration statement or prospectus
that is part of the registration statement will, as to a purchaser with a time
of contract of sale prior to such effective date, supersede or modify any
statement that was made in the registration statement or prospectus that was
part of the registration statement or made in any such document immediately
prior to such effective date;</font></h4>

<h4 style="font-weight:normal;margin:0in 0in .0001pt 144.3pt;page-break-after:auto;text-indent:-33.8pt;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;">&nbsp;</font></h4>

<h3 style="font-size:10.0pt;font-weight:normal;margin:0in 0in .0001pt 1.5in;text-indent:-.5in;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;">(ii)</font><font size="1" style="font-size:3.0pt;">&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160; </font>If
the registrant is relying on Rule&nbsp;430C, each prospectus filed pursuant to Rule&nbsp;424(b)&nbsp;as
part of a registration statement relating to an offering, other than
registration statements relying on Rule&nbsp;430B or other than prospectuses
filed in reliance on Rule&nbsp;430A, shall be deemed to be part of and included
in the registration statement as of the date it is first used after
effectiveness. Provided, however, that no statement made in a registration
statement or prospectus that is part of the registration statement or made in a
document incorporated or deemed incorporated by reference into the registration
statement or prospectus that is part of the registration statement will, as to
a purchaser with a time of contract of sale prior to such first use, supersede
or modify any statement that was made in the registration statement or
prospectus that was part of the registration statement or made in any such
document immediately prior to such date of first use.</h3>

<p align="center" style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;text-align:center;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;">&nbsp;</font></p>

<p align="center" style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;text-align:center;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;">20</font></p>

<div style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;"><hr size="3" width="100%" noshade color="#010101" align="left"></div>

</div>
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<div style="font-family:Times New Roman;">

<p style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;"><a href="#TableOfContents" title="Click to go to Table of Contents">Table
of Contents</a></font></p>

<p align="center" style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;text-align:center;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;">&nbsp;</font></p>

<h2 style="font-size:10.0pt;font-weight:normal;margin:0in 0in .0001pt 1.0in;text-indent:-.5in;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;">(5)</font><font size="1" style="font-size:3.0pt;">&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160; </font>That,
for the purpose of determining liability of the registrant under the Securities
Act of 1933 to any purchaser in the initial distribution of the securities:</h2>

<h2 style="font-weight:normal;margin:0in 0in .0001pt 1.0in;text-indent:-.5in;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;">&nbsp;</font></h2>

<p style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt 1.0in;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;">The undersigned registrant undertakes that in a
primary offering of securities of the undersigned registrant pursuant to this
registration statement, regardless of the underwriting method used to sell the
securities to the purchaser, if the securities are offered or sold to such
purchaser by means of any of the following communications, the undersigned
registrant will be a seller to the purchaser and will be considered to offer or
sell such securities to such purchaser:</font></p>

<p style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt 71.5pt;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;">&nbsp;</font></p>

<h3 style="font-size:10.0pt;font-weight:normal;margin:0in 0in .0001pt 1.5in;text-indent:-.5in;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;">(i)</font><font size="1" style="font-size:3.0pt;">&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160; </font>Any preliminary prospectus or prospectus of
the undersigned registrant relating to the offering required to be filed
pursuant to Rule&nbsp;424;</h3>

<h3 style="font-weight:normal;margin:0in 0in .0001pt 1.5in;text-indent:-.5in;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;">&nbsp;</font></h3>

<h3 style="font-size:10.0pt;font-weight:normal;margin:0in 0in .0001pt 1.5in;text-indent:-.5in;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;">(ii)</font><font size="1" style="font-size:3.0pt;">&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160; </font>Any free writing prospectus relating to the
offering prepared by or on behalf of the undersigned registrant or used or
referred to by the undersigned registrant;</h3>

<h3 style="font-weight:normal;margin:0in 0in .0001pt 1.5in;text-indent:-.5in;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;">&nbsp;</font></h3>

<h3 style="font-size:10.0pt;font-weight:normal;margin:0in 0in .0001pt 1.5in;text-indent:-.5in;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;">(iii)</font><font size="1" style="font-size:3.0pt;">&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160; </font>The portion of any other free writing
prospectus relating to the offering containing material information about the
undersigned registrant or its securities provided by or on behalf of the
undersigned registrant; and</h3>

<h3 style="font-weight:normal;margin:0in 0in .0001pt 1.5in;text-indent:-.5in;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;">&nbsp;</font></h3>

<h3 style="font-size:10.0pt;font-weight:normal;margin:0in 0in .0001pt 1.5in;text-indent:-.5in;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;">(iv)</font><font size="1" style="font-size:3.0pt;">&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160; </font>Any other communication that is an offer in
the offering made by the undersigned registrant to the purchaser.</h3>

<h3 style="font-weight:normal;margin:0in 0in .0001pt 1.5in;text-indent:-.5in;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;">&nbsp;</font></h3>

<p style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;text-indent:.5in;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;">The undersigned
registrant hereby undertakes that, for purposes of determining any liability
under the Securities Act of 1933, each filing of the registrant&#146;s annual report
pursuant to section 13(a)&nbsp;or section 15(d)&nbsp;of the Securities Exchange
Act of 1934 (and, where applicable, each filing of an employee benefit plan&#146;s
annual report pursuant to section 15(d)&nbsp;of the Securities Exchange Act of
1934) that is incorporated by reference in the registration statement shall be
deemed to be a new registration statement relating to the securities offered
therein, and the offering of such securities at that time shall be deemed to be
the initial bona fide offering thereof.</font></p>

<p style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;text-indent:.5in;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;">&nbsp;</font></p>

<p style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;text-indent:.5in;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;">Insofar as indemnification for liabilities arising under the Securities
Act of 1933 may be permitted to directors, officers and controlling persons of
the registrant pursuant to the foregoing provisions, or otherwise, the
registrant has been advised that in the opinion of the Securities and Exchange
Commission such indemnification is against public policy as expressed in the
Act and is, therefore, unenforceable. In the event that a claim for
indemnification against such liabilities (other than the payment by the
registrant of expenses incurred or paid by a director, officer or controlling
person of the registrant in the successful defense of any action, suit or
proceeding) is asserted by such director, officer or controlling person in
connection with the securities being registered, the registrant will, unless in
the opinion of its counsel the matter has been settled by controlling
precedent, submit to a court of appropriate jurisdiction the question whether
such indemnification by it is against public policy as expressed in the Act and
will be governed by the final adjudication of such issue.</font></p>

<p style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;text-indent:.5in;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;">&nbsp;</font></p>

<p style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;text-indent:.5in;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;">The undersigned
registrant hereby undertakes that:</font></p>

<p style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;text-indent:.5in;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;">&nbsp;</font></p>

<p style="font-size:10.0pt;margin:0in 0in .0001pt;text-indent:.5in;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;">(1)</font><font size="1" style="font-size:3.0pt;">&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160; </font>For
purposes of determining any liability under the Securities Act of 1933, the
information omitted from the form of prospectus filed as part of this
registration statement in reliance upon Rule&nbsp;430A and contained in a form
of prospectus filed by the registrant pursuant to Rule&nbsp;424(b)&nbsp;(1)&nbsp;or
(4)&nbsp;or 497(h)&nbsp;under the Securities Act shall be deemed to be part of
this registration statement as of the time it was declared effective.</p>

<p align="center" style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;text-align:center;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;">&nbsp;</font></p>

<p align="center" style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;text-align:center;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;">21</font></p>

<div style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;"><hr size="3" width="100%" noshade color="#010101" align="left"></div>

</div>
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<br clear="all" style="page-break-before:always;">


<div style="font-family:Times New Roman;">

<p style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;"><a href="#TableOfContents" title="Click to go to Table of Contents">Table
of Contents</a></font></p>

<p align="center" style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;text-align:center;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;">&nbsp;</font></p>

<p style="font-size:10.0pt;margin:0in 0in .0001pt;text-indent:.5in;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;">(2)</font><font size="1" style="font-size:3.0pt;">&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160; </font>For
the purpose of determining any liability under the Securities Act of 1933, each
post-effective amendment that contains a form of prospectus shall be deemed to
be a new registration statement relating to the securities offered therein, and
the offering of such securities at that time shall be deemed to be the initial
bona fide offering thereof.</p>

<p align="center" style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;text-align:center;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;">&nbsp;</font></p>

<p align="center" style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;text-align:center;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;">22</font></p>

<div style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;"><hr size="3" width="100%" noshade color="#010101" align="left"></div>

</div>
<!-- SEQ.=1,FOLIO='22',FILE='C:\JMS\105572\09-3186-1\task3299382\3186-1-ja.htm',USER='105572',CD='Jan 15 08:07 2009' -->



<br clear="all" style="page-break-before:always;">
<div>

<p style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;"><a href="#TableOfContents" title="Click to go to Table of Contents">Table
of Contents</a></font></p>

<p style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;">&nbsp;</font></p>

<h1 align="center" style="font-weight:normal;margin:0in 0in .0001pt .5in;page-break-after:auto;text-align:center;text-indent:-.5in;"><b><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;font-weight:bold;">SIGNATURES</font></b></h1>

<p align="center" style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;text-align:center;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;">&nbsp;</font></p>



<p style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;text-indent:.5in;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;">Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Act of
1933, the registrant certifies that it has reasonable grounds to believe that
it meets all of the requirements for filing on Form&nbsp;S-3 and has duly
caused this Amendment No.&nbsp;1 to Registration Statement to be signed on its
behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized, in the City of Circle
Pines, State of Minnesota, on January&nbsp;15, 2009. </font></p>



<p align="center" style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;text-align:center;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;">&nbsp;</font></p>

<table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" width="100%" style="border-collapse:collapse;width:100.0%;">
 <tr>
  <td width="50%" valign="top" style="padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;width:50.58%;">
  <p style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:1.0pt;">&nbsp;</font></p>
  </td>
  <td width="49%" colspan="2" valign="top" style="padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;width:49.42%;">
  <p style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;"><b><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;font-weight:bold;">NORTHERN TECHNOLOGIES</font></b></p>
  </td>
 </tr>
 <tr>
  <td width="50%" valign="top" style="padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;width:50.58%;">
  <p style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:1.0pt;">&nbsp;</font></p>
  </td>
  <td width="49%" colspan="2" valign="top" style="padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;width:49.42%;">
  <p style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;"><b><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;font-weight:bold;">INTERNATIONAL CORPORATION</font></b></p>
  </td>
 </tr>
 <tr>
  <td width="50%" valign="top" style="padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;width:50.58%;">
  <p style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;">&nbsp;</font></p>
  </td>
  <td width="49%" colspan="2" valign="top" style="padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;width:49.42%;">
  <p style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;"><b><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;font-weight:bold;">&nbsp;</font></b></p>
  </td>
 </tr>
 <tr>
  <td width="50%" valign="top" style="padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;width:50.58%;">
  <p style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;">&nbsp;</font></p>
  </td>
  <td width="49%" colspan="2" valign="top" style="padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;width:49.42%;">
  <p style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;">&nbsp;</font></p>
  </td>
 </tr>
 <tr>
  <td width="50%" valign="top" style="padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;width:50.58%;">
  <p style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:1.0pt;">&nbsp;</font></p>
  </td>
  <td width="3%" valign="top" style="padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;width:3.76%;">
  <p style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;">By:</font></p>
  </td>
  <td width="45%" valign="top" style="border:none;border-bottom:solid windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;width:45.66%;">
  <p style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;">&nbsp;/s/ G. Patrick Lynch</font></p>
  </td>
 </tr>
 <tr>
  <td width="50%" valign="top" style="padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;width:50.58%;">
  <p style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:1.0pt;">&nbsp;</font></p>
  </td>
  <td width="3%" valign="top" style="padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;width:3.76%;">
  <p style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:1.0pt;">&nbsp;</font></p>
  </td>
  <td width="45%" valign="top" style="border:none;padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;width:45.66%;">
  <p style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;">&nbsp;G. Patrick Lynch</font></p>
  </td>
 </tr>
 <tr>
  <td width="50%" valign="top" style="padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;width:50.58%;">
  <p style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:1.0pt;">&nbsp;</font></p>
  </td>
  <td width="3%" valign="top" style="padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;width:3.76%;">
  <p style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:1.0pt;">&nbsp;</font></p>
  </td>
  <td width="45%" valign="top" style="padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;width:45.66%;">
  <p style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;">&nbsp;President and Chief Executive Officer</font></p>
  </td>
 </tr>
 <tr>
  <td width="50%" valign="top" style="padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;width:50.58%;">
  <p style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:1.0pt;">&nbsp;</font></p>
  </td>
  <td width="3%" valign="top" style="padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;width:3.76%;">
  <p style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:1.0pt;">&nbsp;</font></p>
  </td>
  <td width="45%" valign="top" style="padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;width:45.66%;">
  <p style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;">&nbsp;(principal executive officer)</font></p>
  </td>
 </tr>
 <tr>
  <td width="50%" valign="top" style="padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;width:50.58%;">
  <p style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;">&nbsp;</font></p>
  </td>
  <td width="3%" valign="top" style="padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;width:3.76%;">
  <p style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;">&nbsp;</font></p>
  </td>
  <td width="45%" valign="top" style="padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;width:45.66%;">
  <p style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;">&nbsp;</font></p>
  </td>
 </tr>
 <tr>
  <td width="50%" valign="top" style="padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;width:50.58%;">
  <p style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:1.0pt;">&nbsp;</font></p>
  </td>
  <td width="3%" valign="top" style="padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;width:3.76%;">
  <p style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;">By:</font></p>
  </td>
  <td width="45%" valign="top" style="border:none;border-bottom:solid windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;width:45.66%;">
  <p style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;">&nbsp;/s/ Matthew C. Wolsfeld</font></p>
  </td>
 </tr>
 <tr>
  <td width="50%" valign="top" style="padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;width:50.58%;">
  <p style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:1.0pt;">&nbsp;</font></p>
  </td>
  <td width="3%" valign="top" style="padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;width:3.76%;">
  <p style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:1.0pt;">&nbsp;</font></p>
  </td>
  <td width="45%" valign="top" style="border:none;padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;width:45.66%;">
  <p style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;">&nbsp;Matthew C. Wolsfeld, CPA</font></p>
  </td>
 </tr>
 <tr>
  <td width="50%" valign="top" style="padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;width:50.58%;">
  <p style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:1.0pt;">&nbsp;</font></p>
  </td>
  <td width="3%" valign="top" style="padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;width:3.76%;">
  <p style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:1.0pt;">&nbsp;</font></p>
  </td>
  <td width="45%" valign="top" style="padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;width:45.66%;">
  <p style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;">&nbsp;Chief Financial Officer and Corporate
  Secretary</font></p>
  </td>
 </tr>
 <tr>
  <td width="50%" valign="top" style="padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;width:50.58%;">
  <p style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:1.0pt;">&nbsp;</font></p>
  </td>
  <td width="3%" valign="top" style="padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;width:3.76%;">
  <p style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:1.0pt;">&nbsp;</font></p>
  </td>
  <td width="45%" valign="top" style="padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;width:45.66%;">
  <p style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;">&nbsp;(principal financial and accounting officer)</font></p>
  </td>
 </tr>
</table>

<p style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt 3.5in;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;">&nbsp;</font></p>



<p style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;text-indent:.5in;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;">Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Act of
1933, as amended, this Amendment No.&nbsp;1 to Registration Statement has been
signed by the following persons in the capacities and on the dates indicated. </font></p>



<p style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;">&nbsp;</font></p>



<table border="1" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" width="100%" style="border:none;border-collapse:collapse;width:100.0%;">
 <tr>
  <td width="39%" valign="bottom" style="border:none;border-bottom:solid windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;width:39.36%;">
  <p style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;"><b><font size="1" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:8.0pt;font-weight:bold;">Signature</font></b></p>
  </td>
  <td width="2%" valign="bottom" style="border:none;padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;width:2.22%;">
  <p align="center" style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;text-align:center;"><b><font size="1" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:1.0pt;font-weight:bold;">&nbsp;</font></b></p>
  </td>
  <td width="39%" valign="bottom" style="border:none;border-bottom:solid windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;width:39.2%;">
  <p align="center" style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;text-align:center;"><b><font size="1" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:8.0pt;font-weight:bold;">Title</font></b></p>
  </td>
  <td width="2%" valign="bottom" style="border:none;padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;width:2.22%;">
  <p align="center" style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;text-align:center;"><b><font size="1" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:1.0pt;font-weight:bold;">&nbsp;</font></b></p>
  </td>
  <td width="17%" valign="bottom" style="border:none;border-bottom:solid windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;width:17.0%;">
  <p align="center" style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;text-align:center;"><b><font size="1" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:8.0pt;font-weight:bold;">Date</font></b></p>
  </td>
 </tr>
 <tr>
  <td width="39%" valign="top" style="border:none;padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;width:39.36%;">
  <p style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;"><b><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;font-weight:bold;">&nbsp;</font></b></p>
  </td>
  <td width="2%" valign="bottom" style="border:none;padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;width:2.22%;">
  <p style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;"><b><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;font-weight:bold;">&nbsp;</font></b></p>
  </td>
  <td width="39%" valign="top" style="border:none;padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;width:39.2%;">
  <p align="center" style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;text-align:center;"><b><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;font-weight:bold;">&nbsp;</font></b></p>
  </td>
  <td width="2%" valign="bottom" style="border:none;padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;width:2.22%;">
  <p style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;"><b><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;font-weight:bold;">&nbsp;</font></b></p>
  </td>
  <td width="17%" valign="top" style="border:none;padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;width:17.0%;">
  <p style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;"><b><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;font-weight:bold;">&nbsp;</font></b></p>
  </td>
 </tr>
 <tr>
  <td width="39%" valign="top" style="border:none;border-bottom:solid windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;width:39.36%;">
  <p align="center" style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;text-align:center;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;">/s/
  G. Patrick Lynch</font></p>
  </td>
  <td width="2%" valign="bottom" style="border:none;padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;width:2.22%;">
  <p style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:1.0pt;">&nbsp;</font></p>
  </td>
  <td width="39%" valign="top" style="border:none;padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;width:39.2%;">
  <p align="center" style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;text-align:center;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;">President
  and Chief Executive Officer</font></p>
  </td>
  <td width="2%" valign="bottom" style="border:none;padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;width:2.22%;">
  <p style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:1.0pt;">&nbsp;</font></p>
  </td>
  <td width="17%" valign="top" style="border:none;padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;width:17.0%;">
  <p align="center" style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;text-align:center;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;">January&nbsp;15,
  2009</font></p>
  </td>
 </tr>
 <tr>
  <td width="39%" valign="top" style="border:none;padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;width:39.36%;">
  <p align="center" style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;text-align:center;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;">G. Patrick Lynch</font></p>
  </td>
  <td width="2%" valign="bottom" style="border:none;padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;width:2.22%;">
  <p style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:1.0pt;">&nbsp;</font></p>
  </td>
  <td width="39%" valign="top" style="border:none;padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;width:39.2%;">
  <p align="center" style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;text-align:center;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:1.0pt;">&nbsp;</font></p>
  </td>
  <td width="2%" valign="bottom" style="border:none;padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;width:2.22%;">
  <p style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:1.0pt;">&nbsp;</font></p>
  </td>
  <td width="17%" valign="top" style="border:none;padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;width:17.0%;">
  <p align="center" style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;text-align:center;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:1.0pt;">&nbsp;</font></p>
  </td>
 </tr>
 <tr>
  <td width="39%" valign="top" style="border:none;padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;width:39.36%;">
  <p align="center" style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;text-align:center;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;">&nbsp;</font></p>
  </td>
  <td width="2%" valign="bottom" style="border:none;padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;width:2.22%;">
  <p style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;">&nbsp;</font></p>
  </td>
  <td width="39%" valign="top" style="border:none;padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;width:39.2%;">
  <p align="center" style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;text-align:center;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;">&nbsp;</font></p>
  </td>
  <td width="2%" valign="bottom" style="border:none;padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;width:2.22%;">
  <p style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;">&nbsp;</font></p>
  </td>
  <td width="17%" valign="top" style="border:none;padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;width:17.0%;">
  <p align="center" style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;text-align:center;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;">&nbsp;</font></p>
  </td>
 </tr>
 <tr>
  <td width="39%" valign="top" style="border:none;border-bottom:solid windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;width:39.36%;">
  <p align="center" style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;text-align:center;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;">/s/
  Matthew C. Wolsfeld</font></p>
  </td>
  <td width="2%" valign="bottom" style="border:none;padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;width:2.22%;">
  <p style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:1.0pt;">&nbsp;</font></p>
  </td>
  <td width="39%" valign="top" style="border:none;padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;width:39.2%;">
  <p align="center" style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;text-align:center;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;">Chief
  Financial Officer and</font></p>
  </td>
  <td width="2%" valign="bottom" style="border:none;padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;width:2.22%;">
  <p style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:1.0pt;">&nbsp;</font></p>
  </td>
  <td width="17%" valign="top" style="border:none;padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;width:17.0%;">
  <p align="center" style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;text-align:center;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;">January&nbsp;15,
  2009 </font></p>
  </td>
 </tr>
 <tr>
  <td width="39%" valign="top" style="border:none;padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;width:39.36%;">
  <p align="center" style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;text-align:center;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;">Matthew C. Wolsfeld, CPA</font></p>
  </td>
  <td width="2%" valign="bottom" style="border:none;padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;width:2.22%;">
  <p style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:1.0pt;">&nbsp;</font></p>
  </td>
  <td width="39%" valign="top" style="border:none;padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;width:39.2%;">
  <p align="center" style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;text-align:center;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;">Corporate
  Secretary</font></p>
  </td>
  <td width="2%" valign="bottom" style="border:none;padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;width:2.22%;">
  <p style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:1.0pt;">&nbsp;</font></p>
  </td>
  <td width="17%" valign="top" style="border:none;padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;width:17.0%;">
  <p align="center" style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;text-align:center;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:1.0pt;">&nbsp;</font></p>
  </td>
 </tr>
 <tr>
  <td width="39%" valign="top" style="border:none;padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;width:39.36%;">
  <p align="center" style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;text-align:center;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;">&nbsp;</font></p>
  </td>
  <td width="2%" valign="bottom" style="border:none;padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;width:2.22%;">
  <p style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;">&nbsp;</font></p>
  </td>
  <td width="39%" valign="top" style="border:none;padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;width:39.2%;">
  <p align="center" style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;text-align:center;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;">&nbsp;</font></p>
  </td>
  <td width="2%" valign="bottom" style="border:none;padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;width:2.22%;">
  <p style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;">&nbsp;</font></p>
  </td>
  <td width="17%" valign="top" style="border:none;padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;width:17.0%;">
  <p align="center" style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;text-align:center;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;">&nbsp;</font></p>
  </td>
 </tr>
 <tr>
  <td width="39%" valign="top" style="border:none;border-bottom:solid windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;width:39.36%;">
  <p align="center" style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;text-align:center;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;">*</font></p>
  </td>
  <td width="2%" valign="bottom" style="border:none;padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;width:2.22%;">
  <p style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:1.0pt;">&nbsp;</font></p>
  </td>
  <td width="39%" valign="top" style="border:none;padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;width:39.2%;">
  <p align="center" style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;text-align:center;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;">Chairman
  of the Board</font></p>
  </td>
  <td width="2%" valign="bottom" style="border:none;padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;width:2.22%;">
  <p style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:1.0pt;">&nbsp;</font></p>
  </td>
  <td width="17%" valign="top" style="border:none;padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;width:17.0%;">
  <p align="center" style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;text-align:center;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;">January&nbsp;15,
  2009 </font></p>
  </td>
 </tr>
 <tr>
  <td width="39%" valign="top" style="border:none;padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;width:39.36%;">
  <p align="center" style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;text-align:center;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;">Pierre Chenu</font></p>
  </td>
  <td width="2%" valign="bottom" style="border:none;padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;width:2.22%;">
  <p style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:1.0pt;">&nbsp;</font></p>
  </td>
  <td width="39%" valign="top" style="border:none;padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;width:39.2%;">
  <p align="center" style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;text-align:center;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:1.0pt;">&nbsp;</font></p>
  </td>
  <td width="2%" valign="bottom" style="border:none;padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;width:2.22%;">
  <p style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:1.0pt;">&nbsp;</font></p>
  </td>
  <td width="17%" valign="top" style="border:none;padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;width:17.0%;">
  <p align="center" style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;text-align:center;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:1.0pt;">&nbsp;</font></p>
  </td>
 </tr>
 <tr>
  <td width="39%" valign="top" style="border:none;padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;width:39.36%;">
  <p align="center" style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;text-align:center;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;">&nbsp;</font></p>
  </td>
  <td width="2%" valign="bottom" style="border:none;padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;width:2.22%;">
  <p style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;">&nbsp;</font></p>
  </td>
  <td width="39%" valign="top" style="border:none;padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;width:39.2%;">
  <p align="center" style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;text-align:center;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;">&nbsp;</font></p>
  </td>
  <td width="2%" valign="bottom" style="border:none;padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;width:2.22%;">
  <p style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;">&nbsp;</font></p>
  </td>
  <td width="17%" valign="top" style="border:none;padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;width:17.0%;">
  <p align="center" style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;text-align:center;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;">&nbsp;</font></p>
  </td>
 </tr>
 <tr>
  <td width="39%" valign="top" style="border:none;border-bottom:solid windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;width:39.36%;">
  <p align="center" style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;text-align:center;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;">*</font></p>
  </td>
  <td width="2%" valign="bottom" style="border:none;padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;width:2.22%;">
  <p style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:1.0pt;">&nbsp;</font></p>
  </td>
  <td width="39%" valign="top" style="border:none;padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;width:39.2%;">
  <p align="center" style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;text-align:center;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;">Director</font></p>
  </td>
  <td width="2%" valign="bottom" style="border:none;padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;width:2.22%;">
  <p style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:1.0pt;">&nbsp;</font></p>
  </td>
  <td width="17%" valign="top" style="border:none;padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;width:17.0%;">
  <p align="center" style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;text-align:center;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;">January&nbsp;15,
  2009 </font></p>
  </td>
 </tr>
 <tr>
  <td width="39%" valign="top" style="border:none;padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;width:39.36%;">
  <p align="center" style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;text-align:center;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;">Tilman Bernhard
  Frank, M.D.</font></p>
  </td>
  <td width="2%" valign="bottom" style="border:none;padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;width:2.22%;">
  <p style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:1.0pt;">&nbsp;</font></p>
  </td>
  <td width="39%" valign="top" style="border:none;padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;width:39.2%;">
  <p align="center" style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;text-align:center;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:1.0pt;">&nbsp;</font></p>
  </td>
  <td width="2%" valign="bottom" style="border:none;padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;width:2.22%;">
  <p style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:1.0pt;">&nbsp;</font></p>
  </td>
  <td width="17%" valign="top" style="border:none;padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;width:17.0%;">
  <p align="center" style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;text-align:center;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:1.0pt;">&nbsp;</font></p>
  </td>
 </tr>
 <tr>
  <td width="39%" valign="top" style="border:none;padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;width:39.36%;">
  <p align="center" style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;text-align:center;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;">&nbsp;</font></p>
  </td>
  <td width="2%" valign="bottom" style="border:none;padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;width:2.22%;">
  <p style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;">&nbsp;</font></p>
  </td>
  <td width="39%" valign="top" style="border:none;padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;width:39.2%;">
  <p align="center" style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;text-align:center;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;">&nbsp;</font></p>
  </td>
  <td width="2%" valign="bottom" style="border:none;padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;width:2.22%;">
  <p style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;">&nbsp;</font></p>
  </td>
  <td width="17%" valign="top" style="border:none;padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;width:17.0%;">
  <p align="center" style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;text-align:center;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;">&nbsp;</font></p>
  </td>
 </tr>
 <tr>
  <td width="39%" valign="top" style="border:none;border-bottom:solid windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;width:39.36%;">
  <p align="center" style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;text-align:center;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;">*</font></p>
  </td>
  <td width="2%" valign="bottom" style="border:none;padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;width:2.22%;">
  <p style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:1.0pt;">&nbsp;</font></p>
  </td>
  <td width="39%" valign="top" style="border:none;padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;width:39.2%;">
  <p align="center" style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;text-align:center;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;">Director</font></p>
  </td>
  <td width="2%" valign="bottom" style="border:none;padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;width:2.22%;">
  <p style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:1.0pt;">&nbsp;</font></p>
  </td>
  <td width="17%" valign="top" style="border:none;padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;width:17.0%;">
  <p align="center" style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;text-align:center;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;">January&nbsp;15,
  2009 </font></p>
  </td>
 </tr>
 <tr>
  <td width="39%" valign="top" style="border:none;padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;width:39.36%;">
  <p align="center" style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;text-align:center;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;">Soo Keong Koh</font></p>
  </td>
  <td width="2%" valign="bottom" style="border:none;padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;width:2.22%;">
  <p style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:1.0pt;">&nbsp;</font></p>
  </td>
  <td width="39%" valign="top" style="border:none;padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;width:39.2%;">
  <p align="center" style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;text-align:center;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:1.0pt;">&nbsp;</font></p>
  </td>
  <td width="2%" valign="bottom" style="border:none;padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;width:2.22%;">
  <p style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:1.0pt;">&nbsp;</font></p>
  </td>
  <td width="17%" valign="top" style="border:none;padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;width:17.0%;">
  <p align="center" style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;text-align:center;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:1.0pt;">&nbsp;</font></p>
  </td>
 </tr>
 <tr>
  <td width="39%" valign="top" style="border:none;padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;width:39.36%;">
  <p align="center" style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;text-align:center;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;">&nbsp;</font></p>
  </td>
  <td width="2%" valign="bottom" style="border:none;padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;width:2.22%;">
  <p style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;">&nbsp;</font></p>
  </td>
  <td width="39%" valign="top" style="border:none;padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;width:39.2%;">
  <p align="center" style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;text-align:center;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;">&nbsp;</font></p>
  </td>
  <td width="2%" valign="bottom" style="border:none;padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;width:2.22%;">
  <p style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;">&nbsp;</font></p>
  </td>
  <td width="17%" valign="top" style="border:none;padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;width:17.0%;">
  <p align="center" style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;text-align:center;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;">&nbsp;</font></p>
  </td>
 </tr>
 <tr>
  <td width="39%" valign="top" style="border:none;border-bottom:solid windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;width:39.36%;">
  <p align="center" style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;text-align:center;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;">*</font></p>
  </td>
  <td width="2%" valign="bottom" style="border:none;padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;width:2.22%;">
  <p style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:1.0pt;">&nbsp;</font></p>
  </td>
  <td width="39%" valign="top" style="border:none;padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;width:39.2%;">
  <p align="center" style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;text-align:center;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;">Chief
  Technology Officer and Vice</font></p>
  </td>
  <td width="2%" valign="bottom" style="border:none;padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;width:2.22%;">
  <p style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:1.0pt;">&nbsp;</font></p>
  </td>
  <td width="17%" valign="top" style="border:none;padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;width:17.0%;">
  <p align="center" style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;text-align:center;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;">January&nbsp;15,
  2009 </font></p>
  </td>
 </tr>
 <tr>
  <td width="39%" valign="top" style="border:none;padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;width:39.36%;">
  <p align="center" style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;text-align:center;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;">Donald A. Kubik, Ph.D.</font></p>
  </td>
  <td width="2%" valign="bottom" style="border:none;padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;width:2.22%;">
  <p style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:1.0pt;">&nbsp;</font></p>
  </td>
  <td width="39%" valign="top" style="border:none;padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;width:39.2%;">
  <p align="center" style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;text-align:center;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;">Chairman
  of the Board</font></p>
  </td>
  <td width="2%" valign="bottom" style="border:none;padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;width:2.22%;">
  <p style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:1.0pt;">&nbsp;</font></p>
  </td>
  <td width="17%" valign="top" style="border:none;padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;width:17.0%;">
  <p align="center" style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;text-align:center;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:1.0pt;">&nbsp;</font></p>
  </td>
 </tr>
 <tr>
  <td width="39%" valign="top" style="border:none;padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;width:39.36%;">
  <p align="center" style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;text-align:center;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;">&nbsp;</font></p>
  </td>
  <td width="2%" valign="bottom" style="border:none;padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;width:2.22%;">
  <p style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;">&nbsp;</font></p>
  </td>
  <td width="39%" valign="top" style="border:none;padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;width:39.2%;">
  <p align="center" style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;text-align:center;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;">&nbsp;</font></p>
  </td>
  <td width="2%" valign="bottom" style="border:none;padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;width:2.22%;">
  <p style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;">&nbsp;</font></p>
  </td>
  <td width="17%" valign="top" style="border:none;padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;width:17.0%;">
  <p align="center" style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;text-align:center;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;">&nbsp;</font></p>
  </td>
 </tr>
 <tr>
  <td width="39%" valign="top" style="border:none;padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;width:39.36%;">
  <p align="center" style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;text-align:center;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;">&nbsp;</font></p>
  </td>
  <td width="2%" valign="bottom" style="border:none;padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;width:2.22%;">
  <p style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;">&nbsp;</font></p>
  </td>
  <td width="39%" valign="top" style="border:none;padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;width:39.2%;">
  <p align="center" style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;text-align:center;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;">&nbsp;</font></p>
  </td>
  <td width="2%" valign="bottom" style="border:none;padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;width:2.22%;">
  <p style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;">&nbsp;</font></p>
  </td>
  <td width="17%" valign="top" style="border:none;padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;width:17.0%;">
  <p align="center" style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;text-align:center;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;">&nbsp;</font></p>
  </td>
 </tr>
 <tr>
  <td width="39%" valign="top" style="border:none;border-bottom:solid windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;width:39.36%;">
  <p align="center" style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;text-align:center;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;">*</font></p>
  </td>
  <td width="2%" valign="bottom" style="border:none;padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;width:2.22%;">
  <p style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:1.0pt;">&nbsp;</font></p>
  </td>
  <td width="39%" valign="top" style="border:none;padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;width:39.2%;">
  <p align="center" style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;text-align:center;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;">Director</font></p>
  </td>
  <td width="2%" valign="bottom" style="border:none;padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;width:2.22%;">
  <p style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:1.0pt;">&nbsp;</font></p>
  </td>
  <td width="17%" valign="top" style="border:none;padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;width:17.0%;">
  <p align="center" style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;text-align:center;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;">January&nbsp;15,
  2009 </font></p>
  </td>
 </tr>
 <tr>
  <td width="39%" valign="top" style="border:none;padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;width:39.36%;">
  <p align="center" style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;text-align:center;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;">Sunggyu Lee, Ph.D.</font></p>
  </td>
  <td width="2%" valign="bottom" style="border:none;padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;width:2.22%;">
  <p style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:1.0pt;">&nbsp;</font></p>
  </td>
  <td width="39%" valign="top" style="border:none;padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;width:39.2%;">
  <p align="center" style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;text-align:center;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:1.0pt;">&nbsp;</font></p>
  </td>
  <td width="2%" valign="bottom" style="border:none;padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;width:2.22%;">
  <p style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:1.0pt;">&nbsp;</font></p>
  </td>
  <td width="17%" valign="top" style="border:none;padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;width:17.0%;">
  <p align="center" style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;text-align:center;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:1.0pt;">&nbsp;</font></p>
  </td>
 </tr>
</table>



<p align="center" style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;text-align:center;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;">&nbsp;</font></p>

<p align="center" style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;text-align:center;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;">23</font></p>

<div style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;"><hr size="3" width="100%" noshade color="#010101" align="left"></div>

</div>
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<div>

<p style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;"><a href="#TableOfContents" title="Click to go to Table of Contents">Table
of Contents</a></font></p>

<p align="center" style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;text-align:center;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;">&nbsp;</font></p>



<table border="1" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" width="100%" style="border:none;border-collapse:collapse;width:100.0%;">
 <tr>
  <td width="39%" valign="bottom" style="border:none;border-bottom:solid windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;width:39.36%;">
  <p style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;"><b><font size="1" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:8.0pt;font-weight:bold;">Signature</font></b></p>
  </td>
  <td width="2%" valign="bottom" style="border:none;padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;width:2.22%;">
  <p align="center" style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;text-align:center;"><b><font size="1" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:1.0pt;font-weight:bold;">&nbsp;</font></b></p>
  </td>
  <td width="39%" valign="bottom" style="border:none;border-bottom:solid windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;width:39.2%;">
  <p align="center" style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;text-align:center;"><b><font size="1" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:8.0pt;font-weight:bold;">Title</font></b></p>
  </td>
  <td width="2%" valign="bottom" style="border:none;padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;width:2.22%;">
  <p align="center" style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;text-align:center;"><b><font size="1" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:1.0pt;font-weight:bold;">&nbsp;</font></b></p>
  </td>
  <td width="17%" valign="bottom" style="border:none;border-bottom:solid windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;width:17.0%;">
  <p align="center" style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;text-align:center;"><b><font size="1" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:8.0pt;font-weight:bold;">Date</font></b></p>
  </td>
 </tr>
 <tr>
  <td width="39%" valign="top" style="border:none;padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;width:39.36%;">
  <p align="center" style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;text-align:center;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;">&nbsp;</font></p>
  </td>
  <td width="2%" valign="bottom" style="border:none;padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;width:2.22%;">
  <p style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;">&nbsp;</font></p>
  </td>
  <td width="39%" valign="top" style="border:none;padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;width:39.2%;">
  <p align="center" style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;text-align:center;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;">&nbsp;</font></p>
  </td>
  <td width="2%" valign="bottom" style="border:none;padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;width:2.22%;">
  <p style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;">&nbsp;</font></p>
  </td>
  <td width="17%" valign="top" style="border:none;padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;width:17.0%;">
  <p align="center" style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;text-align:center;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;">&nbsp;</font></p>
  </td>
 </tr>
 <tr>
  <td width="39%" valign="top" style="border:none;border-bottom:solid windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;width:39.36%;">
  <p align="center" style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;text-align:center;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;">*</font></p>
  </td>
  <td width="2%" valign="bottom" style="border:none;padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;width:2.22%;">
  <p style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:1.0pt;">&nbsp;</font></p>
  </td>
  <td width="39%" valign="top" style="border:none;padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;width:39.2%;">
  <p align="center" style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;text-align:center;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;">Director</font></p>
  </td>
  <td width="2%" valign="bottom" style="border:none;padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;width:2.22%;">
  <p style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:1.0pt;">&nbsp;</font></p>
  </td>
  <td width="17%" valign="top" style="border:none;padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;width:17.0%;">
  <p align="center" style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;text-align:center;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;">January&nbsp;15,
  2009 </font></p>
  </td>
 </tr>
 <tr>
  <td width="39%" valign="top" style="border:none;padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;width:39.36%;">
  <p align="center" style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;text-align:center;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;">Mark Mayers</font></p>
  </td>
  <td width="2%" valign="bottom" style="border:none;padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;width:2.22%;">
  <p style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:1.0pt;">&nbsp;</font></p>
  </td>
  <td width="39%" valign="top" style="border:none;padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;width:39.2%;">
  <p align="center" style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;text-align:center;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:1.0pt;">&nbsp;</font></p>
  </td>
  <td width="2%" valign="bottom" style="border:none;padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;width:2.22%;">
  <p style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:1.0pt;">&nbsp;</font></p>
  </td>
  <td width="17%" valign="top" style="border:none;padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;width:17.0%;">
  <p align="center" style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;text-align:center;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:1.0pt;">&nbsp;</font></p>
  </td>
 </tr>
 <tr>
  <td width="39%" valign="top" style="border:none;padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;width:39.36%;">
  <p align="center" style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;text-align:center;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;">&nbsp;</font></p>
  </td>
  <td width="2%" valign="bottom" style="border:none;padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;width:2.22%;">
  <p style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;">&nbsp;</font></p>
  </td>
  <td width="39%" valign="top" style="border:none;padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;width:39.2%;">
  <p align="center" style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;text-align:center;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;">&nbsp;</font></p>
  </td>
  <td width="2%" valign="bottom" style="border:none;padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;width:2.22%;">
  <p style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;">&nbsp;</font></p>
  </td>
  <td width="17%" valign="top" style="border:none;padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;width:17.0%;">
  <p align="center" style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;text-align:center;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;">&nbsp;</font></p>
  </td>
 </tr>
 <tr>
  <td width="39%" valign="top" style="border:none;border-bottom:solid windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;width:39.36%;">
  <p align="center" style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;text-align:center;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;">*</font></p>
  </td>
  <td width="2%" valign="bottom" style="border:none;padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;width:2.22%;">
  <p style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:1.0pt;">&nbsp;</font></p>
  </td>
  <td width="39%" valign="top" style="border:none;padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;width:39.2%;">
  <p align="center" style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;text-align:center;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;">Director</font></p>
  </td>
  <td width="2%" valign="bottom" style="border:none;padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;width:2.22%;">
  <p style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:1.0pt;">&nbsp;</font></p>
  </td>
  <td width="17%" valign="top" style="border:none;padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;width:17.0%;">
  <p align="center" style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;text-align:center;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;">January&nbsp;15,
  2009 </font></p>
  </td>
 </tr>
 <tr>
  <td width="39%" valign="top" style="border:none;padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;width:39.36%;">
  <p align="center" style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;text-align:center;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;">Ramani Narayan, Ph.D.</font></p>
  </td>
  <td width="2%" valign="bottom" style="border:none;padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;width:2.22%;">
  <p style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:1.0pt;">&nbsp;</font></p>
  </td>
  <td width="39%" valign="top" style="border:none;padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;width:39.2%;">
  <p align="center" style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;text-align:center;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:1.0pt;">&nbsp;</font></p>
  </td>
  <td width="2%" valign="bottom" style="border:none;padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;width:2.22%;">
  <p style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:1.0pt;">&nbsp;</font></p>
  </td>
  <td width="17%" valign="top" style="border:none;padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;width:17.0%;">
  <p align="center" style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;text-align:center;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:1.0pt;">&nbsp;</font></p>
  </td>
 </tr>
 <tr>
  <td width="39%" valign="top" style="border:none;padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;width:39.36%;">
  <p align="center" style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;text-align:center;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;">&nbsp;</font></p>
  </td>
  <td width="2%" valign="bottom" style="border:none;padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;width:2.22%;">
  <p style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;">&nbsp;</font></p>
  </td>
  <td width="39%" valign="top" style="border:none;padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;width:39.2%;">
  <p align="center" style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;text-align:center;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;">&nbsp;</font></p>
  </td>
  <td width="2%" valign="bottom" style="border:none;padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;width:2.22%;">
  <p style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;">&nbsp;</font></p>
  </td>
  <td width="17%" valign="top" style="border:none;padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;width:17.0%;">
  <p align="center" style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;text-align:center;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;">&nbsp;</font></p>
  </td>
 </tr>
 <tr>
  <td width="39%" valign="top" style="border:none;border-bottom:solid windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;width:39.36%;">
  <p align="center" style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;text-align:center;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;">*</font></p>
  </td>
  <td width="2%" valign="bottom" style="border:none;padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;width:2.22%;">
  <p style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:1.0pt;">&nbsp;</font></p>
  </td>
  <td width="39%" valign="top" style="border:none;padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;width:39.2%;">
  <p align="center" style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;text-align:center;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;">Director</font></p>
  </td>
  <td width="2%" valign="bottom" style="border:none;padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;width:2.22%;">
  <p style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:1.0pt;">&nbsp;</font></p>
  </td>
  <td width="17%" valign="top" style="border:none;padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;width:17.0%;">
  <p align="center" style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;text-align:center;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;">January&nbsp;15,
  2009 </font></p>
  </td>
 </tr>
 <tr>
  <td width="39%" valign="top" style="border:none;padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;width:39.36%;">
  <p align="center" style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;text-align:center;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;">Mark J. Stone</font></p>
  </td>
  <td width="2%" valign="bottom" style="border:none;padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;width:2.22%;">
  <p style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:1.0pt;">&nbsp;</font></p>
  </td>
  <td width="39%" valign="top" style="border:none;padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;width:39.2%;">
  <p align="center" style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;text-align:center;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:1.0pt;">&nbsp;</font></p>
  </td>
  <td width="2%" valign="bottom" style="border:none;padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;width:2.22%;">
  <p style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:1.0pt;">&nbsp;</font></p>
  </td>
  <td width="17%" valign="top" style="border:none;padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;width:17.0%;">
  <p align="center" style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;text-align:center;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:1.0pt;">&nbsp;</font></p>
  </td>
 </tr>
 <tr>
  <td width="39%" valign="top" style="border:none;padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;width:39.36%;">
  <p align="center" style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;text-align:center;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;">&nbsp;</font></p>
  </td>
  <td width="2%" valign="bottom" style="border:none;padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;width:2.22%;">
  <p style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;">&nbsp;</font></p>
  </td>
  <td width="39%" valign="top" style="border:none;padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;width:39.2%;">
  <p align="center" style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;text-align:center;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;">&nbsp;</font></p>
  </td>
  <td width="2%" valign="bottom" style="border:none;padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;width:2.22%;">
  <p style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;">&nbsp;</font></p>
  </td>
  <td width="17%" valign="top" style="border:none;padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;width:17.0%;">
  <p align="center" style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;text-align:center;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;">&nbsp;</font></p>
  </td>
 </tr>
 <tr>
  <td width="39%" valign="top" style="border:none;border-bottom:solid windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;width:39.36%;">
  <p align="center" style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;text-align:center;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;">* By: Matthew C. Wolsfeld</font></p>
  </td>
  <td width="2%" valign="bottom" style="border:none;padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;width:2.22%;">
  <p style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:1.0pt;">&nbsp;</font></p>
  </td>
  <td width="39%" valign="top" style="border:none;padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;width:39.2%;">
  <p align="center" style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;text-align:center;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;">Attorney-in-Fact</font></p>
  </td>
  <td width="2%" valign="bottom" style="border:none;padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;width:2.22%;">
  <p style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:1.0pt;">&nbsp;</font></p>
  </td>
  <td width="17%" valign="top" style="border:none;padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;width:17.0%;">
  <p align="center" style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;text-align:center;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;">January&nbsp;15,
  2009 </font></p>
  </td>
 </tr>
 <tr>
  <td width="39%" valign="top" style="border:none;padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;width:39.36%;">
  <p align="center" style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;text-align:center;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;">Matthew C. Wolsfeld</font></p>
  </td>
  <td width="2%" valign="bottom" style="border:none;padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;width:2.22%;">
  <p style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:1.0pt;">&nbsp;</font></p>
  </td>
  <td width="39%" valign="top" style="border:none;padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;width:39.2%;">
  <p align="center" style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;text-align:center;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:1.0pt;">&nbsp;</font></p>
  </td>
  <td width="2%" valign="bottom" style="border:none;padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;width:2.22%;">
  <p style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:1.0pt;">&nbsp;</font></p>
  </td>
  <td width="17%" valign="top" style="border:none;padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;width:17.0%;">
  <p align="center" style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;text-align:center;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:1.0pt;">&nbsp;</font></p>
  </td>
 </tr>
</table>



<p align="center" style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;text-align:center;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;">&nbsp;</font></p>

<p align="center" style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;text-align:center;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;">24</font></p>

<div style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;"><hr size="3" width="100%" noshade color="#010101" align="left"></div>

</div>
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<br clear="all" style="page-break-before:always;">
<div>

<p style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;"><a href="#TableOfContents" title="Click to go to Table of Contents">Table
of Contents</a></font></p>

<p style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;">&nbsp;</font></p>

<p align="center" style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;text-align:center;"><b><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;font-weight:bold;">NORTHERN
TECHNOLOGIES INTERNATIONAL CORPORATION</font></b></p>

<p align="center" style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;text-align:center;"><b><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;font-weight:bold;">REGISTRATION
STATEMENT ON FORM&nbsp;S-3</font></b></p>

<p align="center" style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;text-align:center;"><b><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;font-weight:bold;">EXHIBIT
INDEX</font></b></p>

<p style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;">&nbsp;</font></p>

<table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" width="100%" style="border-collapse:collapse;width:100.0%;">
 <tr>
  <td width="9%" valign="top" style="border:none;border-bottom:solid windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;width:9.88%;">
  <p style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;"><b><font size="1" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:8.0pt;font-weight:bold;">Exhibit&nbsp;<br>
  No.</font></b></p>
  </td>
  <td width="2%" valign="bottom" style="padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;width:2.22%;">
  <p align="center" style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;text-align:center;"><b><font size="1" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:1.0pt;font-weight:bold;">&nbsp;</font></b></p>
  </td>
  <td width="52%" valign="bottom" style="border:none;border-bottom:solid windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;width:52.82%;">
  <p align="center" style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;text-align:center;"><b><font size="1" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:8.0pt;font-weight:bold;">Description</font></b></p>
  </td>
  <td width="2%" valign="bottom" style="padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;width:2.22%;">
  <p align="center" style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;text-align:center;"><b><font size="1" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:1.0pt;font-weight:bold;">&nbsp;</font></b></p>
  </td>
  <td width="32%" valign="bottom" style="border:none;border-bottom:solid windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;width:32.84%;">
  <p align="center" style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;text-align:center;"><b><font size="1" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:8.0pt;font-weight:bold;">Method
  of Filing</font></b></p>
  </td>
 </tr>
 <tr>
  <td width="9%" valign="top" style="border:none;padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;width:9.88%;">
  <p align="center" style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;text-align:center;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;">1.1</font></p>
  </td>
  <td width="2%" valign="bottom" style="padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;width:2.22%;">
  <p style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:1.0pt;">&nbsp;</font></p>
  </td>
  <td width="52%" valign="top" style="border:none;padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;width:52.82%;">
  <p style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;">Form&nbsp;of
  Underwriting Agreement</font></p>
  </td>
  <td width="2%" valign="bottom" style="padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;width:2.22%;">
  <p style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:1.0pt;">&nbsp;</font></p>
  </td>
  <td width="32%" valign="top" style="border:none;padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;width:32.84%;">
  <p align="center" style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;text-align:center;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;">To be filed as an exhibit to a Current Report on Form&nbsp;8-K of the
  registrant and incorporated herein by reference</font></p>
  </td>
 </tr>
 <tr>
  <td width="9%" valign="top" style="padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;width:9.88%;">
  <p align="center" style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;text-align:center;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;">&nbsp;</font></p>
  </td>
  <td width="2%" valign="bottom" style="padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;width:2.22%;">
  <p style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;">&nbsp;</font></p>
  </td>
  <td width="52%" valign="top" style="padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;width:52.82%;">
  <p style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;">&nbsp;</font></p>
  </td>
  <td width="2%" valign="bottom" style="padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;width:2.22%;">
  <p style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;">&nbsp;</font></p>
  </td>
  <td width="32%" valign="top" style="padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;width:32.84%;">
  <p align="center" style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;text-align:center;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;">&nbsp;</font></p>
  </td>
 </tr>
 <tr>
  <td width="9%" valign="top" style="padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;width:9.88%;">
  <p align="center" style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;text-align:center;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;">4.1</font></p>
  </td>
  <td width="2%" valign="bottom" style="padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;width:2.22%;">
  <p style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:1.0pt;">&nbsp;</font></p>
  </td>
  <td width="52%" valign="top" style="padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;width:52.82%;">
  <p style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;">Restated
  Certificate of Incorporation of Northern Technologies International
  Corporation</font></p>
  </td>
  <td width="2%" valign="bottom" style="padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;width:2.22%;">
  <p style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:1.0pt;">&nbsp;</font></p>
  </td>
  <td width="32%" valign="top" style="padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;width:32.84%;">
  <p align="center" style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;text-align:center;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;">Incorporated by reference to Exhibit&nbsp;3.1 to the registrant&#146;s
  Annual Report on Form&nbsp;10-KSB for the fiscal year ended August&nbsp;31,
  2006 (File No 001-11038)</font></p>
  </td>
 </tr>
 <tr>
  <td width="9%" valign="top" style="padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;width:9.88%;">
  <p align="center" style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;text-align:center;"><font size="1" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:9.0pt;">&nbsp;</font></p>
  </td>
  <td width="2%" valign="bottom" style="padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;width:2.22%;">
  <p style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;"><font size="1" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:9.0pt;">&nbsp;</font></p>
  </td>
  <td width="52%" valign="top" style="padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;width:52.82%;">
  <p style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;"><font size="1" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:9.0pt;">&nbsp;</font></p>
  </td>
  <td width="2%" valign="bottom" style="padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;width:2.22%;">
  <p style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;"><font size="1" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:9.0pt;">&nbsp;</font></p>
  </td>
  <td width="32%" valign="top" style="padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;width:32.84%;">
  <p align="center" style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;text-align:center;"><font size="1" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:9.0pt;">&nbsp;</font></p>
  </td>
 </tr>
</table>

<p style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;"><font size="1" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:1.0pt;">&nbsp;</font></p>



<table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" width="100%" style="border-collapse:collapse;width:100.0%;">
 <tr>
  <td width="9%" valign="top" style="padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;width:9.88%;">
  <p align="center" style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;text-align:center;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;">4.2</font></p>
  </td>
  <td width="2%" valign="bottom" style="padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;width:2.22%;">
  <p style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:1.0pt;">&nbsp;</font></p>
  </td>
  <td width="52%" valign="top" style="padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;width:52.84%;">
  <p style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;">Amended
  and Restated Bylaws of Northern Technologies International Corporation</font></p>
  </td>
  <td width="2%" valign="bottom" style="padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;width:2.22%;">
  <p style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:1.0pt;">&nbsp;</font></p>
  </td>
  <td width="32%" valign="top" style="padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;width:32.84%;">
  <p align="center" style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;text-align:center;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;">Incorporated by reference to Exhibit&nbsp;3.1 to the registrant&#146;s
  Current Report on Form&nbsp;8-K filed on November&nbsp;24, 2008 (File
  No.&nbsp;001-11038) </font></p>
  </td>
 </tr>
</table>



<p style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;"><font size="1" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:1.0pt;">&nbsp;</font></p>

<table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" width="100%" style="border-collapse:collapse;width:100.0%;">
 <tr>
  <td width="9%" valign="top" style="padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;width:9.88%;">
  <p align="center" style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;text-align:center;"><font size="1" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:9.0pt;">&nbsp;</font></p>
  </td>
  <td width="2%" valign="bottom" style="padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;width:2.22%;">
  <p style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;"><font size="1" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:9.0pt;">&nbsp;</font></p>
  </td>
  <td width="52%" valign="top" style="padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;width:52.84%;">
  <p style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;"><font size="1" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:9.0pt;">&nbsp;</font></p>
  </td>
  <td width="2%" valign="bottom" style="padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;width:2.22%;">
  <p style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;"><font size="1" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:9.0pt;">&nbsp;</font></p>
  </td>
  <td width="32%" valign="top" style="padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;width:32.84%;">
  <p align="center" style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;text-align:center;"><font size="1" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:9.0pt;">&nbsp;</font></p>
  </td>
 </tr>
 <tr>
  <td width="9%" valign="top" style="padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;width:9.88%;">
  <p align="center" style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;text-align:center;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;">4.3</font></p>
  </td>
  <td width="2%" valign="bottom" style="padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;width:2.22%;">
  <p style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:1.0pt;">&nbsp;</font></p>
  </td>
  <td width="52%" valign="top" style="padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;width:52.84%;">
  <p style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;">Specimen
  Stock Certificate Representing Common Stock of Northern Technologies
  International Corporation</font></p>
  </td>
  <td width="2%" valign="bottom" style="padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;width:2.22%;">
  <p style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:1.0pt;">&nbsp;</font></p>
  </td>
  <td width="32%" valign="top" style="padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;width:32.84%;">
  <p align="center" style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;text-align:center;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;">Incorporated by reference to Exhibit&nbsp;4.1 to the registrant&#146;s
  Registration Statement on Form&nbsp;10 (File No 0-19331)</font></p>
  </td>
 </tr>
 <tr>
  <td width="9%" valign="top" style="padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;width:9.88%;">
  <p align="center" style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;text-align:center;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;">&nbsp;</font></p>
  </td>
  <td width="2%" valign="bottom" style="padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;width:2.22%;">
  <p style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;">&nbsp;</font></p>
  </td>
  <td width="52%" valign="top" style="padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;width:52.84%;">
  <p style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;">&nbsp;</font></p>
  </td>
  <td width="2%" valign="bottom" style="padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;width:2.22%;">
  <p style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;">&nbsp;</font></p>
  </td>
  <td width="32%" valign="top" style="padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;width:32.84%;">
  <p align="center" style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;text-align:center;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;">&nbsp;</font></p>
  </td>
 </tr>
 <tr>
  <td width="9%" valign="top" style="padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;width:9.88%;">
  <p align="center" style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;text-align:center;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;">4.4</font></p>
  </td>
  <td width="2%" valign="bottom" style="padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;width:2.22%;">
  <p style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:1.0pt;">&nbsp;</font></p>
  </td>
  <td width="52%" valign="top" style="padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;width:52.84%;">
  <p style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;">Form&nbsp;of
  Warrant Agreement, if any, including Form&nbsp;of Warrant</font></p>
  </td>
  <td width="2%" valign="bottom" style="padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;width:2.22%;">
  <p style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:1.0pt;">&nbsp;</font></p>
  </td>
  <td width="32%" valign="top" style="padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;width:32.84%;">
  <p align="center" style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;text-align:center;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;">If applicable, to be filed as an exhibit to a Current Report on
  Form&nbsp;8-K of the registrant and incorporated herein by reference</font></p>
  </td>
 </tr>
 <tr>
  <td width="9%" valign="top" style="padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;width:9.88%;">
  <p align="center" style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;text-align:center;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;">&nbsp;</font></p>
  </td>
  <td width="2%" valign="bottom" style="padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;width:2.22%;">
  <p style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;">&nbsp;</font></p>
  </td>
  <td width="52%" valign="top" style="padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;width:52.84%;">
  <p style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;">&nbsp;</font></p>
  </td>
  <td width="2%" valign="bottom" style="padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;width:2.22%;">
  <p style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;">&nbsp;</font></p>
  </td>
  <td width="32%" valign="top" style="padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;width:32.84%;">
  <p align="center" style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;text-align:center;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;">&nbsp;</font></p>
  </td>
 </tr>
 <tr>
  <td width="9%" valign="top" style="padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;width:9.88%;">
  <p align="center" style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;text-align:center;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;">4.5</font></p>
  </td>
  <td width="2%" valign="bottom" style="padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;width:2.22%;">
  <p style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:1.0pt;">&nbsp;</font></p>
  </td>
  <td width="52%" valign="top" style="padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;width:52.84%;">
  <p style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;">Form&nbsp;of
  Unit Agreement, if any, including Form&nbsp;of Unit</font></p>
  </td>
  <td width="2%" valign="bottom" style="padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;width:2.22%;">
  <p style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:1.0pt;">&nbsp;</font></p>
  </td>
  <td width="32%" valign="top" style="padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;width:32.84%;">
  <p align="center" style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;text-align:center;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;">If applicable, to be filed as an exhibit to a Current Report on
  Form&nbsp;8-K of the registrant and incorporated herein by reference</font></p>
  </td>
 </tr>
 <tr>
  <td width="9%" valign="top" style="padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;width:9.88%;">
  <p align="center" style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;text-align:center;"><font size="1" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:9.0pt;">&nbsp;</font></p>
  </td>
  <td width="2%" valign="bottom" style="padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;width:2.22%;">
  <p style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;"><font size="1" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:9.0pt;">&nbsp;</font></p>
  </td>
  <td width="52%" valign="top" style="padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;width:52.84%;">
  <p style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;"><font size="1" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:9.0pt;">&nbsp;</font></p>
  </td>
  <td width="2%" valign="bottom" style="padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;width:2.22%;">
  <p style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;"><font size="1" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:9.0pt;">&nbsp;</font></p>
  </td>
  <td width="32%" valign="top" style="padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;width:32.84%;">
  <p align="center" style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;text-align:center;"><font size="1" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:9.0pt;">&nbsp;</font></p>
  </td>
 </tr>
</table>

<p style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;"><font size="1" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:1.0pt;">&nbsp;</font></p>



<table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" width="100%" style="border-collapse:collapse;width:100.0%;">
 <tr>
  <td width="9%" valign="top" style="padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;width:9.88%;">
  <p align="center" style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;text-align:center;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;">5.1</font></p>
  </td>
  <td width="2%" valign="bottom" style="padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;width:2.22%;">
  <p style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:1.0pt;">&nbsp;</font></p>
  </td>
  <td width="52%" valign="top" style="padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;width:52.84%;">
  <p style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;">Opinion
  of Oppenheimer Wolff&nbsp;&amp; Donnelly LLP</font></p>
  </td>
  <td width="2%" valign="bottom" style="padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;width:2.22%;">
  <p style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:1.0pt;">&nbsp;</font></p>
  </td>
  <td width="32%" valign="top" style="padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;width:32.84%;">
  <p align="center" style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;text-align:center;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;">Previously filed </font></p>
  </td>
 </tr>
</table>



<p style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;"><font size="1" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:1.0pt;">&nbsp;</font></p>

<table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" width="100%" style="border-collapse:collapse;width:100.0%;">
 <tr>
  <td width="9%" valign="top" style="padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;width:9.88%;">
  <p align="center" style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;text-align:center;"><font size="1" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:9.0pt;">&nbsp;</font></p>
  </td>
  <td width="2%" valign="bottom" style="padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;width:2.22%;">
  <p style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;"><font size="1" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:9.0pt;">&nbsp;</font></p>
  </td>
  <td width="52%" valign="top" style="padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;width:52.84%;">
  <p style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;"><font size="1" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:9.0pt;">&nbsp;</font></p>
  </td>
  <td width="2%" valign="bottom" style="padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;width:2.22%;">
  <p style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;"><font size="1" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:9.0pt;">&nbsp;</font></p>
  </td>
  <td width="32%" valign="top" style="padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;width:32.84%;">
  <p align="center" style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;text-align:center;"><font size="1" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:9.0pt;">&nbsp;</font></p>
  </td>
 </tr>
 <tr>
  <td width="9%" valign="top" style="padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;width:9.88%;">
  <p align="center" style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;text-align:center;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;">23.1</font></p>
  </td>
  <td width="2%" valign="bottom" style="padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;width:2.22%;">
  <p style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:1.0pt;">&nbsp;</font></p>
  </td>
  <td width="52%" valign="top" style="padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;width:52.84%;">
  <p style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;">Consent
  of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm</font></p>
  </td>
  <td width="2%" valign="bottom" style="padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;width:2.22%;">
  <p style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:1.0pt;">&nbsp;</font></p>
  </td>
  <td width="32%" valign="top" style="padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;width:32.84%;">
  <p align="center" style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;text-align:center;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;">Filed herewith</font></p>
  </td>
 </tr>
 <tr>
  <td width="9%" valign="top" style="padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;width:9.88%;">
  <p align="center" style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;text-align:center;"><font size="1" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:9.0pt;">&nbsp;</font></p>
  </td>
  <td width="2%" valign="bottom" style="padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;width:2.22%;">
  <p style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;"><font size="1" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:9.0pt;">&nbsp;</font></p>
  </td>
  <td width="52%" valign="top" style="padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;width:52.84%;">
  <p style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;"><font size="1" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:9.0pt;">&nbsp;</font></p>
  </td>
  <td width="2%" valign="bottom" style="padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;width:2.22%;">
  <p style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;"><font size="1" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:9.0pt;">&nbsp;</font></p>
  </td>
  <td width="32%" valign="top" style="padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;width:32.84%;">
  <p align="center" style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;text-align:center;"><font size="1" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:9.0pt;">&nbsp;</font></p>
  </td>
 </tr>
</table>

<p style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;"><font size="1" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:1.0pt;">&nbsp;</font></p>



<table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" width="100%" style="border-collapse:collapse;width:100.0%;">
 <tr>
  <td width="9%" valign="top" style="padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;width:9.88%;">
  <p align="center" style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;text-align:center;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;">23.2</font></p>
  </td>
  <td width="2%" valign="bottom" style="padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;width:2.22%;">
  <p style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:1.0pt;">&nbsp;</font></p>
  </td>
  <td width="52%" valign="top" style="padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;width:52.84%;">
  <p style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;">Consent
  of Oppenheimer Wolff&nbsp;&amp; Donnelly LLP</font></p>
  </td>
  <td width="2%" valign="bottom" style="padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;width:2.22%;">
  <p style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:1.0pt;">&nbsp;</font></p>
  </td>
  <td width="32%" valign="top" style="padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;width:32.84%;">
  <p align="center" style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;text-align:center;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;">Previously filed </font></p>
  </td>
 </tr>
 <tr>
  <td width="9%" valign="top" style="padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;width:9.88%;">
  <p align="center" style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;text-align:center;"><font size="1" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:9.0pt;">&nbsp;</font></p>
  </td>
  <td width="2%" valign="bottom" style="padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;width:2.22%;">
  <p style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;"><font size="1" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:9.0pt;">&nbsp;</font></p>
  </td>
  <td width="52%" valign="top" style="padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;width:52.84%;">
  <p style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;"><font size="1" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:9.0pt;">&nbsp;</font></p>
  </td>
  <td width="2%" valign="bottom" style="padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;width:2.22%;">
  <p style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;"><font size="1" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:9.0pt;">&nbsp;</font></p>
  </td>
  <td width="32%" valign="top" style="padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;width:32.84%;">
  <p align="center" style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;text-align:center;"><font size="1" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:9.0pt;">&nbsp;</font></p>
  </td>
 </tr>
</table>



<p style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;"><font size="1" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:1.0pt;">&nbsp;</font></p>



<table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" width="100%" style="border-collapse:collapse;width:100.0%;">
 <tr>
  <td width="9%" valign="top" style="padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;width:9.88%;">
  <p align="center" style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;text-align:center;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;">24.1</font></p>
  </td>
  <td width="2%" valign="bottom" style="padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;width:2.22%;">
  <p style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:1.0pt;">&nbsp;</font></p>
  </td>
  <td width="52%" valign="top" style="padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;width:52.84%;">
  <p style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;">Power
  of Attorney</font></p>
  </td>
  <td width="2%" valign="bottom" style="padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;width:2.22%;">
  <p style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:1.0pt;">&nbsp;</font></p>
  </td>
  <td width="32%" valign="top" style="padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;width:32.84%;">
  <p align="center" style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;text-align:center;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;">Previously filed </font></p>
  </td>
 </tr>
</table>



<p align="center" style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;text-align:center;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;">&nbsp;</font></p>

<p align="center" style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;text-align:center;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;">25</font></p>

<div style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;"><hr size="3" width="100%" noshade color="#010101" align="left"></div>

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<SEQUENCE>2
<FILENAME>a09-3186_1ex23d1.htm
<DESCRIPTION>EX-23.1
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<div>

<p align="right" style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt .25in;text-align:right;text-indent:-.25in;"><b><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;font-weight:bold;">Exhibit&nbsp;23.1</font></b></p>

<p style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;">&nbsp;</font></p>

<p align="center" style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;text-align:center;"><b><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;font-weight:bold;">CONSENT
OF INDEPENDENT REGISTERED PUBLIC ACCOUNTING FIRM</font></b></p>

<p align="center" style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;text-align:center;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;">&nbsp;</font></p>

<p style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;text-autospace:none;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;">The Board of Directors</font></p>

<p style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;text-autospace:none;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;">Northern Technologies
International Corporation:</font></p>

<p style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;text-autospace:none;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;">&nbsp;</font></p>

<p style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;text-autospace:none;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;">We consent to the
incorporation by reference in this Registration Statement on Form&nbsp;S-3 of
Northern Technologies International Corporation of our report dated November&nbsp;19,
2008, with respect to the consolidated balance sheets of Northern Technologies
International Corporation and its subsidiaries as of August&nbsp;31, 2008 and
2007, and the related consolidated statements of income, stockholders&#146; equity
and cash flows for each of the years then ended, which report is included in
the August&nbsp;31, 2008 annual report on Form&nbsp;10-K of Northern
Technologies International Corporation.&#160;
We also consent to the reference to our firm under the heading &#147;Experts&#148;
in such Registration Statement.</font></p>

<p style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;text-autospace:none;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;">&nbsp;</font></p>

<p style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;text-autospace:none;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;">&nbsp;</font></p>

<table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" width="100%" style="border-collapse:collapse;width:100.0%;">
 <tr>
  <td width="58%" valign="top" style="padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;width:58.16%;">
  <p style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;text-autospace:none;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:1.0pt;">&nbsp;</font></p>
  </td>
  <td width="41%" valign="top" style="padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;width:41.84%;">
  <p style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;text-autospace:none;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;">/s/ Virchow,
  Krause&nbsp;&amp; Company, LLP</font></p>
  </td>
 </tr>
 <tr>
  <td width="58%" valign="top" style="padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;width:58.16%;">
  <p style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;text-autospace:none;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;">&nbsp;</font></p>
  </td>
  <td width="41%" valign="top" style="padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;width:41.84%;">
  <p style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;text-autospace:none;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;">&nbsp;</font></p>
  </td>
 </tr>
 <tr>
  <td width="58%" valign="top" style="padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;width:58.16%;">
  <p style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;text-autospace:none;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;">&nbsp;</font></p>
  </td>
  <td width="41%" valign="top" style="padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;width:41.84%;">
  <p style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;text-autospace:none;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;">&nbsp;</font></p>
  </td>
 </tr>
</table>

<p style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;">Minneapolis, Minnesota</font></p>

<table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" width="100%" style="border-collapse:collapse;width:100.0%;">
 <tr>
  <td width="50%" valign="top" style="padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;width:50.26%;">
  <p style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;text-autospace:none;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;">January&nbsp;15, 2009</font></p>
  </td>
  <td width="49%" valign="top" style="padding:0in 0in 0in 0in;width:49.74%;">
  <p style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;text-autospace:none;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:1.0pt;">&nbsp;</font></p>
  </td>
 </tr>
</table>

<p align="center" style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;text-align:center;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;">&nbsp;</font></p>

<p align="center" style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;text-align:center;"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman" style="font-size:10.0pt;">1</font></p>

<div style="margin:0in 0in .0001pt;"><hr size="3" width="100%" noshade color="#010101" align="left"></div>

</div>
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