<SEC-DOCUMENT>0001171843-25-007399.txt : 20251118
<SEC-HEADER>0001171843-25-007399.hdr.sgml : 20251118
<ACCEPTANCE-DATETIME>20251118080104
ACCESSION NUMBER:		0001171843-25-007399
CONFORMED SUBMISSION TYPE:	8-K
PUBLIC DOCUMENT COUNT:		14
CONFORMED PERIOD OF REPORT:	20251118
ITEM INFORMATION:		Results of Operations and Financial Condition
ITEM INFORMATION:		Financial Statements and Exhibits
FILED AS OF DATE:		20251118
DATE AS OF CHANGE:		20251118

FILER:

	COMPANY DATA:	
		COMPANY CONFORMED NAME:			NORTHERN TECHNOLOGIES INTERNATIONAL CORP
		CENTRAL INDEX KEY:			0000875582
		STANDARD INDUSTRIAL CLASSIFICATION:	COATING, ENGRAVING & ALLIED SERVICES [3470]
		ORGANIZATION NAME:           	04 Manufacturing
		EIN:				410857886
		STATE OF INCORPORATION:			DE
		FISCAL YEAR END:			0831

	FILING VALUES:
		FORM TYPE:		8-K
		SEC ACT:		1934 Act
		SEC FILE NUMBER:	001-11038
		FILM NUMBER:		251492886

	BUSINESS ADDRESS:	
		STREET 1:		4201 WOODLAND ROAD
		STREET 2:		PO BOX 69
		CITY:			CIRCLE PINES
		STATE:			MN
		ZIP:			55014
		BUSINESS PHONE:		(763) 225-6601

	MAIL ADDRESS:	
		STREET 1:		4201 WOODLAND ROAD
		STREET 2:		PO BOX 69
		CITY:			CIRCLE PINES
		STATE:			MN
		ZIP:			55014

	FORMER COMPANY:	
		FORMER CONFORMED NAME:	NORTHERN INSTRUMENTS CORP
		DATE OF NAME CHANGE:	19930328
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<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.0 Transitional//EN"><html lang="en-US"><head><title>EdgarFiling</title><meta content="text/html; charset=windows-1252" ><meta name="GENERATOR" content="MSHTML 8.00.7601.18094" ></head><body bgcolor="#ffffff"><p style="text-align: right;"><strong>EXHIBIT 99.1</strong></p><p style="text-align: center;"><font style="font-size: 14pt;"><strong>Northern Technologies International Corporation Reports Financial Results for Fourth Quarter and Full Year Fiscal 2025</strong></font></p><p style="text-align: center;"><strong></strong></p><p>
 <p>MINNEAPOLIS, Nov.  18, 2025  (GLOBE NEWSWIRE) -- Northern Technologies International Corporation (NASDAQ: NTIC), a leading developer of corrosion inhibiting products and services, as well as bio-based and biodegradable polymer resin compounds, today reported its financial results for the fourth quarter and fiscal year ended August 31, 2025.</p>  <p>Full year fiscal 2025 financial and operating highlights include (with growth rates on a fiscal year-over-year basis):</p>  <ul type="disc"><li>Consolidated net sales decreased 1.0% to $84,234,000</li><li>ZERUST&#174; industrial net sales increased 2.4% to $55,171,000</li><li>ZERUST&#174; oil and gas net sales decreased 20.7% to $7,318,000</li><li>Natur-Tec&#174; product net sales decreased 1.0% to $21,746,000</li><li>NTIC China net sales increased 14.0% to $16,240,000</li><li>Gross profit, as a percent of net sales, decreased 210 basis points to 37.6%</li><li>Joint venture operating income decreased 9.8% to $8,545,000</li><li>Operating income decreased 67.3% to $2,570,000</li><li>Net income attributable to NTIC was $18,000, compared to $5,409,000</li><li>Net income per diluted share attributable to NTIC was $0.00, compared to $0.55</li><li>Cash provided by operating activities was $2,389,000 for the twelve months ended August 31, 2025<br ><br ></li></ul>  <p>&#8220;Challenging market conditions and the shifting timing of certain ZERUST&#174; oil and gas and Natur-Tec&#174; orders impacted sales throughout fiscal 2025. Nevertheless, we continued to bolster our foundation and invest in business development initiatives globally that we expect to position us for renewed growth in fiscal 2026 and beyond. This included applying our considerable engineering capabilities to develop new Natur-Tec&#174; technologies, pursuing emerging opportunities in the South American offshore oil and gas market, and expanding ZERUST&#174; industrial sales across our global footprint. NTIC&#8217;s recently announced milestone multi-year order from a major international EPC in Brazil underscores the growing recognition of our corrosion solutions and validates our strategy to expand into key global energy markets. Consequently, we believe our pipeline of opportunities within ZERUST&#174; oil and gas and Natur-Tec&#174; is strong,&#8221; said G. Patrick Lynch, President and CEO of NTIC.</p>  <p>&#8220;In fiscal 2026, we also expect to start reaping the benefits gained from the strategic investments NTIC made over the past three years to upgrade our global operations and support future growth. We are also focused on flattening our operating expenses while expanding gross margins and driving sales in higher-margin parts of our business, which we expect will improve our profitability and strengthen our balance sheet in fiscal 2026. While we anticipate macroeconomic headwinds to persist, especially in Europe, we believe NTIC is positioned to deliver growth and improved profitability across many of our key markets in the coming fiscal year,&#8221; concluded Mr. Lynch.</p>  <p>NTIC&#8217;s consolidated net sales decreased 4.4% to $22,315,000 during the three months ended August 31, 2025, compared to $23,349,000 for the three months ended August 31, 2024. The year-over-year decline in fourth-quarter sales was primarily driven by lower ZERUST&#174; oil and gas sales due to a significant one-time order recognized during fourth quarter of the prior fiscal year and softer Natur-Tec&#174; sales resulting from pricing dynamics and order timing during fourth quarter of fiscal 2025. 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vertical-align: bottom ; "><strong>% of Net<br >Sales</strong></td><td class="hugin">&#160;</td><td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: solid black 1pt ; text-align: center ;  vertical-align: middle; vertical-align: bottom ; "><strong>August 31,</strong><br ><strong>2024</strong></td><td class="hugin">&#160;</td><td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: solid black 1pt ; text-align: center ;  vertical-align: middle; vertical-align: bottom ; "><strong>% of Net<br >Sales</strong></td><td class="hugin">&#160;</td><td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: solid black 1pt ; text-align: center ;  vertical-align: middle; vertical-align: bottom ; "><strong>% <br >Change</strong></td><td class="hugin">&#160;</td></tr><tr><td style="max-width:44%; width:44%; min-width:44%;;vertical-align: top ; ">ZERUST<sup>&#174; </sup>industrial net sales</td><td style="max-width:1%; width:1%; min-width:1%;;padding-right: 0 ; text-align: right ;  vertical-align: middle; vertical-align: top ; ">$</td><td style="max-width:11%; 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text-align: right ;  vertical-align: middle; vertical-align: top ; ">57.5</td><td style="max-width:1%; width:1%; min-width:1%;;padding-left: 0 ; text-align: left ;  vertical-align: middle; vertical-align: top ; ">%</td><td class="hugin" style="max-width:1%; width:1%; min-width:1%;">&#160;</td><td style="max-width:8%; width:8%; min-width:8%;;padding-right: 0 ; text-align: right ;  vertical-align: middle; vertical-align: top ; ">5.8</td><td style="max-width:1%; width:1%; min-width:1%;;padding-left: 0 ; text-align: left ;  vertical-align: middle; vertical-align: top ; ">%</td><td class="hugin" style="max-width:1%; width:1%; min-width:1%;">&#160;</td></tr><tr><td style="vertical-align: top ; ">ZERUST<sup>&#174; </sup>oil &amp; gas net sales</td><td style="padding-right: 0 ; border-bottom: solid black 1pt ; text-align: right ;  vertical-align: middle; vertical-align: top ; ">&#160;</td><td style="padding-left: 0 ; border-bottom: solid black 1pt ; text-align: right ;  vertical-align: middle; 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border-bottom: solid black 1pt ; text-align: right ;  vertical-align: middle; vertical-align: top ; ">(29.4</td><td style="padding-left: 0 ; border-bottom: solid black 1pt ; text-align: left ;  vertical-align: middle; vertical-align: top ; ">%)</td><td class="hugin">&#160;</td></tr><tr><td style="vertical-align: middle;   text-align: left;   padding-left: 30.0px; vertical-align: top ; ">Total ZERUST<sup>&#174; </sup>net sales</td><td style="padding-right: 0 ; text-align: right ;  vertical-align: middle; vertical-align: top ; ">$</td><td style="padding-left: 0 ; text-align: right ;  vertical-align: middle; vertical-align: top ; ">17,171,940</td><td class="hugin">&#160;</td><td style="padding-right: 0 ; text-align: right ;  vertical-align: middle; vertical-align: top ; ">77.0</td><td style="padding-left: 0 ; text-align: left ;  vertical-align: middle; vertical-align: top ; ">%</td><td class="hugin">&#160;</td><td style="padding-right: 0 ; text-align: right ;  vertical-align: middle; vertical-align: middle ; 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">100.0</td><td style="padding-left: 0 ; text-align: left ;  vertical-align: middle; vertical-align: top ; ">%</td><td class="hugin">&#160;</td><td style="padding-right: 0 ; text-align: right ;  vertical-align: middle; vertical-align: middle ; ">$</td><td style="padding-left: 0 ; text-align: right ;  vertical-align: middle; vertical-align: middle ; ">85,059,517</td><td class="hugin">&#160;</td><td style="padding-right: 0 ; text-align: right ;  vertical-align: middle; vertical-align: top ; ">100.0</td><td style="padding-left: 0 ; text-align: left ;  vertical-align: middle; vertical-align: top ; ">%</td><td class="hugin">&#160;</td><td style="padding-right: 0 ; text-align: right ;  vertical-align: middle; vertical-align: top ; ">(1.0</td><td style="padding-left: 0 ; text-align: left ;  vertical-align: middle; vertical-align: top ; ">%)</td><td class="hugin">&#160;</td></tr><tr><td class="hugin">&#160;</td><td class="hugin">&#160;</td><td class="hugin">&#160;</td><td class="hugin">&#160;</td><td class="hugin">&#160;</td><td class="hugin">&#160;</td><td class="hugin">&#160;</td><td class="hugin">&#160;</td><td class="hugin">&#160;</td><td class="hugin">&#160;</td><td class="hugin">&#160;</td><td class="hugin">&#160;</td><td class="hugin">&#160;</td><td class="hugin">&#160;</td><td class="hugin">&#160;</td><td class="hugin">&#160;</td></tr></table> <p>Net sales of NTIC&#8217;s joint ventures, which are not consolidated with NTIC&#8217;s financial results, increased 4.7% to $24,388,000 during the three months ended August 31, 2025, compared to $23,297,000 for the three months ended August 31, 2024.&#160;NTIC&#8217;s joint venture operating income increased 6.6% to $2,168,000 during the three months ended August 31, 2025, compared to joint venture operating income of $2,034,000 during the three months ended August 31, 2024. The $134,000 increase in joint venture operating income was primarily due to a corresponding increase in net sales.</p>  <p>For the full fiscal year 2025, NTIC&#8217;s joint venture operating income decreased 9.8% to $8,545,000, compared to joint venture operating income of $9,475,000 for the prior fiscal year. Net sales of NTIC&#8217;s joint ventures decreased 4.9% to $91,236,000 for the full fiscal year 2025, compared to $95,940,000 for the prior fiscal year.</p>  <p>Operating expenses, as a percentage of net sales, for the fourth quarter of fiscal 2025 were 43.5%, compared to 40.7% for the same period last fiscal year. For the full fiscal year 2025, operating expenses, as a percentage of net sales, were 44.7%, compared to 41.6% for the full fiscal year 2024. Higher operating expenses for the three and twelve months ended August 31, 2025 were primarily due to strategic investments in ZERUST&#174; oil and gas sales infrastructure and increased personnel expenses, including new hires, benefits, and higher travel and professional fees.</p>  <p>NTIC recognized $1,140,000 in other income during the twelve months ended August 31, 2025, due to the receipt of a cash employee retention credit payment. NTIC recognized $387,000 in other expense during the twelve months ended August 31, 2025, as during the fourth quarter of fiscal 2025, NTIC&#8217;s Chinese subsidiary was assessed $387,000 in penalties from Ningbo Customs, a customs authority in China, as a result of a technical classification matter. NTIC has updated its export documents and internal review procedures and believes the issue has been fully resolved.</p>  <p>NTIC&#8217;s effective income tax rate increased to 67.5% for fiscal 2025 from 17.3% in the prior fiscal year. The increase primarily reflects income taxes paid at NTIC&#8217;s foreign subsidiaries at normal statutory rates, as well as withholding taxes on royalty and dividend payments. This increase in tax expense was partially offset by tax benefits in North America due to losses for which no corresponding tax benefits or deferred tax assets were recognized. As a result, NTIC&#8217;s effective tax rate was unusually high and volatile for the year. Management expects the effective tax rate to normalize in future periods when additional profits are recognized in North American operations.</p>  <p>Net loss attributable to NTIC for the fourth quarter of fiscal 2025 was $(1,100,000), or $(0.12) per diluted share, compared to net income of $1,836,000, or $0.19 per diluted share, for the same period last fiscal year. For the full fiscal year ended August 31, 2025, net income attributable to NTIC was $18,000, or $0.00 per diluted share, compared to net income of $5,409,000, or $0.55 per diluted share, for the full fiscal year ended August 31, 2024.</p>  <p>NTIC&#8217;s non-GAAP adjusted net loss, as set forth in the GAAP reconciliation at the end of this release, was $(607,000), or $(0.06) per diluted share, for the fourth quarter of fiscal 2025, compared to $1,942,000, or $0.20 per diluted share, for the same quarter last fiscal year. For the full fiscal year ended August 31, 2025, non-GAAP adjusted net loss was $(12,000), or $(0.00) per diluted share, compared to net income of $5,832,000, or $0.59 per diluted share, for the full fiscal year ended August 31, 2024.</p>  <p>NTIC had working capital of $20,439,000 as of August 31, 2025, including $7,251,000 in cash and cash equivalents and an outstanding revolving line of credit and term loan balance of $12,656,000, compared to $23,682,000 of working capital as of August 31, 2024, including $4,952,000 in cash and cash equivalents and an outstanding revolving line of credit and term loan balance of $7,112,000.</p>  <p>At August 31, 2025, NTIC had $28,612,000 of investments in joint ventures, of which $14,800,000, or 51.7%, is cash, with the remaining balance mostly made up of other working capital.</p>  <p><strong>Conference Call and Webcast</strong></p>  <p>NTIC will host a conference call today at 8:00 a.m. Central Time to review its results of operations for the fourth quarter and full fiscal year 2025 and its outlook, followed by a question-and-answer session. The conference call will be available to interested parties through a webcast. To join the live call and ask a question, a participant must register using the URL below.</p>  <p><strong>https://register-conf.media-server.com/register/BI0e7ca5b8eb6b4ce9b96a7a075101d2bf</strong></p>  <p>Once registered, the participant will receive a dial-in number and unique PIN number to access the call.</p>  <p>The audio-only webcast can be accessed at the following link: <strong>https://edge.media-server.com/mmc/p/rm6oizp4</strong><br >A link to the webcast is also available on the Investor Relations section of NTIC&#8217;s webpage. Participants are advised to go to the website at least 15 minutes early to register, download and install any necessary audio software. For those unable to participate in the live webcast, a replay of the webcast will be archived and accessible for approximately one year on the Investor Relations section of NTIC&#8217;s webpage.</p>  <p><strong>About Northern Technologies International Corporation</strong>&#160;&#160;</p>  <p>Northern Technologies International Corporation develops and markets proprietary, environmentally beneficial products and services in over 65 countries either directly or via a network of subsidiaries, joint ventures, independent distributors and agents. NTIC&#8217;s primary business is corrosion prevention marketed mainly under the ZERUST&#174; brand. NTIC has been selling its proprietary ZERUST&#174; rust and corrosion inhibiting products and services to the automotive, general industrial, mechanical, mining, agricultural, and retail consumer markets for over 50 years and, more recently, has also expanded into the oil and gas industry. NTIC offers worldwide on-site technical consulting for rust and corrosion prevention issues. NTIC&#8217;s technical service consultants work directly with the end users of NTIC&#8217;s products to analyze their specific needs and develop systems to meet their technical requirements. NTIC also markets and sells a portfolio of bio-based and biodegradable polymer resin compounds and finished products marketed under the Natur-Tec&#174; brand.</p>  <p><strong>Forward-Looking Statements</strong>&#160;&#160;</p>  <p align="left"><em>Statements contained in this release that are not historical information are forward-looking statements within the meaning of the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995. Such statements include NTIC&#8217;s beliefs that it will experience renewed growth in fiscal 2026 and beyond,</em> <em>its pipeline of opportunities within ZERUST&#174; oil and gas and Natur-Tec&#174; is strong, NTIC will start reaping the benefits gained from the strategic investments it made over the past three years to upgrade its global operations and support future growth in fiscal 2026, NTIC&#8217;s profitability will improve and its balance sheet will strengthen in fiscal 2026 by flattening NTIC&#8217;s operating expenses while expanding its gross margins and driving sales in higher-margin parts of its business, and delivering growth and improved profitability across many of NTIC&#8217;s key markets in fiscal 2026, and other statements that can be identified by words such as &#8220;believes,&#8221; &#8220;continues,&#8221; &#8220;expects,&#8221; &#8220;anticipates,&#8221; &#8220;intends,&#8221; &#8220;potential,&#8221; &#8220;outlook,&#8221; &#8220;will,&#8221; &#8220;may,&#8221; &#8220;would,&#8221; &#8220;should,&#8221; &#8220;guidance&#8221; or words of similar meaning, and the use of future dates. Such forward-looking statements are based upon the current beliefs and expectations of NTIC&#8217;s management and are inherently subject to risks and uncertainties that could cause actual results to differ materially from those projected or implied. Such potential risks and uncertainties include, but are not limited to, in no particular order: the health of the U.S. and worldwide economies, including in particular the U.S. automotive industry and its evolution towards electric vehicles; the effect of economic uncertainty, recessionary indicators, inflation, increased interest rates and turmoil in the global credit, financial and banking markets or perception thereof; effect of supply chain disruptions; dependence on joint ventures, relationships with joint venture partners and their success, including fees and dividend distributions; risks associated with international operations, including NTIC China, exposure to exchange rate fluctuations, tariffs, trade disputes and changes to trade regulation; effect of economic slowdown and political unrest, including the war between Russia and Ukraine and the conflicts in the Middle East; the level of growth in NTIC&#8217;s markets; NTIC&#8217;s investments in research and development efforts; acceptance of existing and new products; timing of purchase orders under supply contracts; variability in sales to oil and gas customers and effect on quarterly financial results; increased competition; costs and effects of complying with changes in tax, fiscal, government and other regulatory policies, and rules relating to environmental, health and safety matters; and NTIC&#8217;s reliance on its intellectual property rights and the absence of infringement of the intellectual property rights of others. More detailed information on these and additional factors which could affect NTIC&#8217;s operating and financial results is described in NTIC&#8217;s filings with the Securities and Exchange Commission, including its annual report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended August 31, 2025. NTIC urges all interested parties to read these reports to gain a better understanding of the many business and other risks that it faces. Additionally, NTIC undertakes no obligation to publicly release the results of any revisions to these forward-looking statements, which may be made to reflect events or circumstances occurring after the date hereof or to reflect the occurrence of unanticipated events.</em></p>  <p align="justify"><strong>Use of Non-GAAP Financial Measures</strong></p>  <p align="left"><em>In addition to the financial measures prepared in accordance with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles (GAAP), this release contains non-GAAP financial measures, including adjusted net income attributable to NTIC and adjusted net income attributable to NTIC per diluted share. NTIC&#8217;s reasons for use of these measures, reconciliations of these non-GAAP financial measures to the most directly comparable GAAP measures and other information are included at the end of this release. Non-GAAP financial measures have limitations as analytical tools and should not be considered in isolation or as a substitute for NTIC&#8217;s financial results prepared in accordance with GAAP.</em><br ><br ></p> <table style="width:100%; border-collapse:collapse !important;;border-collapse: collapse; "><tr><td colspan="9" style="border-bottom: solid black 1pt ; "><strong>NORTHERN TECHNOLOGIES INTERNATIONAL CORPORATION<br >AND SUBSIDIARIES<br >CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS - AUGUST 31, 2025 AND 2024</strong><strong><br ></strong></td></tr><tr><td style="text-align: justify ;  vertical-align: middle; vertical-align: bottom ; ">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: justify ;  vertical-align: middle; vertical-align: bottom ; ">&#160;</td><td colspan="3" style="border-bottom: double black 3pt ; text-align: center ;  vertical-align: middle; vertical-align: bottom ; "><strong>August 31, 2025</strong></td><td style="text-align: center ;  vertical-align: middle; vertical-align: bottom ; ">&#160;</td><td colspan="3" style="border-bottom: double black 3pt ; 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padding-left: 0 ; padding-right: 0 ; text-align: right ;  vertical-align: middle; vertical-align: top ; ">4,563,971</td><td style="border-bottom: solid black 1pt ; padding-left: 0 ; text-align: left ;  vertical-align: middle; vertical-align: top ; ">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: justify ;  vertical-align: middle; vertical-align: bottom ; ">&#160;</td><td style="border-bottom: solid black 1pt ; padding-right: 0 ; text-align: right ;  vertical-align: middle; vertical-align: top ; ">&#160;</td><td style="border-bottom: solid black 1pt ; padding-left: 0 ; padding-right: 0 ; text-align: right ;  vertical-align: middle; vertical-align: top ; ">3,981,330</td><td style="border-bottom: solid black 1pt ; padding-left: 0 ; text-align: left ;  vertical-align: middle; vertical-align: top ; ">&#160;</td></tr><tr><td style="vertical-align: middle;   text-align: left;   padding-left: 30.0px; vertical-align: bottom ; ">Total equity</td><td style="text-align: justify ;  vertical-align: middle; vertical-align: bottom ; 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vertical-align: top ; ">22,315,452</td><td style="max-width:1%; width:0.990099%; min-width:1%;;padding-left: 0 ; text-align: left ;  vertical-align: middle; vertical-align: top ; ">&#160;</td><td style="max-width:1%; width:0.990099%; min-width:1%;;text-align: right ;  vertical-align: middle; vertical-align: bottom ; ">&#160;</td><td style="max-width:1%; width:0.990099%; min-width:1%;;padding-right: 0 ; text-align: right ;  vertical-align: middle; vertical-align: top ; ">$</td><td style="max-width:11%; width:11.0149%; min-width:11%;;padding-left: 0 ; padding-right: 0 ; text-align: right ;  vertical-align: middle; vertical-align: top ; ">23,349,107</td><td style="max-width:1%; width:0.990099%; min-width:1%;;padding-left: 0 ; text-align: left ;  vertical-align: middle; vertical-align: top ; ">&#160;</td><td style="max-width:1%; width:0.990099%; min-width:1%;;text-align: right ;  vertical-align: middle; vertical-align: bottom ; ">&#160;</td><td style="max-width:1%; width:0.990099%; min-width:1%;;padding-right: 0 ; text-align: right ;  vertical-align: middle; vertical-align: top ; ">$</td><td style="max-width:11%; width:11.0149%; min-width:11%;;padding-left: 0 ; padding-right: 0 ; text-align: right ;  vertical-align: middle; vertical-align: top ; ">84,234,474</td><td style="max-width:1%; width:0.990099%; min-width:1%;;padding-left: 0 ; text-align: left ;  vertical-align: middle; vertical-align: top ; ">&#160;</td><td style="max-width:1%; width:0.990099%; min-width:1%;;text-align: right ;  vertical-align: middle; vertical-align: bottom ; ">&#160;</td><td style="max-width:1%; width:0.990099%; min-width:1%;;padding-right: 0 ; text-align: right ;  vertical-align: middle; vertical-align: top ; ">$</td><td style="max-width:11%; width:11.0149%; min-width:11%;;padding-left: 0 ; padding-right: 0 ; text-align: right ;  vertical-align: middle; vertical-align: top ; ">85,059,517</td><td style="max-width:1%; width:0.990099%; min-width:1%;;padding-left: 0 ; text-align: left ;  vertical-align: middle; vertical-align: top ; 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text-align: left ;  vertical-align: middle; vertical-align: top ; ">&#160;</td><td style="width:0.990099%;;text-align: right ;  vertical-align: middle; vertical-align: bottom ; ">&#160;</td><td style="width:0.990099%;;border-bottom: solid black 1pt ; padding-right: 0 ; text-align: right ;  vertical-align: middle; vertical-align: top ; ">&#160;</td><td style="width:11.0149%;;border-bottom: solid black 1pt ; padding-left: 0 ; padding-right: 0 ; text-align: right ;  vertical-align: middle; vertical-align: top ; ">1,487,268</td><td style="width:0.990099%;;border-bottom: solid black 1pt ; padding-left: 0 ; text-align: left ;  vertical-align: middle; vertical-align: top ; ">&#160;</td><td style="width:0.990099%;;text-align: right ;  vertical-align: middle; vertical-align: bottom ; ">&#160;</td><td style="width:0.990099%;;border-bottom: solid black 1pt ; padding-right: 0 ; text-align: right ;  vertical-align: middle; vertical-align: top ; ">&#160;</td><td style="width:11.0149%;;border-bottom: solid black 1pt ; 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vertical-align: top ; ">&#160;</td></tr><tr><td style="width:44.9876%;;vertical-align: middle;   text-align: left;   padding-left: 15.0px; vertical-align: bottom ; ">Research and development expenses</td><td style="width:0.990099%;;padding-right: 0 ; text-align: right ;  vertical-align: middle; vertical-align: top ; ">&#160;</td><td style="width:11.0149%;;padding-left: 0 ; padding-right: 0 ; text-align: right ;  vertical-align: middle; vertical-align: top ; ">1,267,742</td><td style="width:0.990099%;;padding-left: 0 ; text-align: left ;  vertical-align: middle; vertical-align: top ; ">&#160;</td><td style="width:0.990099%;;text-align: right ;  vertical-align: middle; vertical-align: bottom ; ">&#160;</td><td style="width:0.990099%;;padding-right: 0 ; text-align: right ;  vertical-align: middle; vertical-align: top ; ">&#160;</td><td style="width:11.0149%;;padding-left: 0 ; padding-right: 0 ; text-align: right ;  vertical-align: middle; vertical-align: top ; ">1,209,209</td><td style="width:0.990099%;;padding-left: 0 ; text-align: left ;  vertical-align: middle; vertical-align: top ; ">&#160;</td><td style="width:0.990099%;;text-align: right ;  vertical-align: middle; vertical-align: bottom ; ">&#160;</td><td style="width:0.990099%;;padding-right: 0 ; text-align: right ;  vertical-align: middle; vertical-align: top ; ">&#160;</td><td style="width:11.0149%;;padding-left: 0 ; padding-right: 0 ; text-align: right ;  vertical-align: middle; vertical-align: top ; ">5,038,281</td><td style="width:0.990099%;;padding-left: 0 ; text-align: left ;  vertical-align: middle; vertical-align: top ; ">&#160;</td><td style="width:0.990099%;;text-align: right ;  vertical-align: middle; vertical-align: bottom ; ">&#160;</td><td style="width:0.990099%;;padding-right: 0 ; text-align: right ;  vertical-align: middle; vertical-align: top ; ">&#160;</td><td style="width:11.0149%;;padding-left: 0 ; padding-right: 0 ; text-align: right ;  vertical-align: middle; vertical-align: top ; ">4,802,791</td><td style="width:0.990099%;;padding-left: 0 ; 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padding-left: 0 ; padding-right: 0 ; text-align: right ;  vertical-align: middle; vertical-align: top ; ">9,491,570</td><td style="width:0.990099%;;border-top: solid black 1pt ; padding-left: 0 ; text-align: left ;  vertical-align: middle; vertical-align: top ; ">&#160;</td><td style="width:0.990099%;;text-align: right ;  vertical-align: middle; vertical-align: bottom ; ">&#160;</td><td style="width:0.990099%;;border-top: solid black 1pt ; padding-right: 0 ; text-align: right ;  vertical-align: middle; vertical-align: top ; ">&#160;</td><td style="width:11.0149%;;border-top: solid black 1pt ; padding-left: 0 ; padding-right: 0 ; text-align: right ;  vertical-align: middle; vertical-align: top ; ">37,651,465</td><td style="width:0.990099%;;border-top: solid black 1pt ; padding-left: 0 ; text-align: left ;  vertical-align: middle; vertical-align: top ; ">&#160;</td><td style="width:0.990099%;;text-align: right ;  vertical-align: middle; vertical-align: bottom ; ">&#160;</td><td style="width:0.990099%;;border-top: solid black 1pt ; padding-right: 0 ; text-align: right ;  vertical-align: middle; vertical-align: top ; ">&#160;</td><td style="width:11.0149%;;border-top: solid black 1pt ; padding-left: 0 ; padding-right: 0 ; text-align: right ;  vertical-align: middle; vertical-align: top ; ">35,392,957</td><td style="width:0.990099%;;border-top: solid black 1pt ; padding-left: 0 ; text-align: left ;  vertical-align: middle; vertical-align: top ; ">&#160;</td></tr><tr><td style="width:44.9876%;;vertical-align: middle ; ">&#160;</td><td colspan="3" style="width:12.995%;;vertical-align: bottom ; ">&#160;</td><td style="width:0.990099%;;text-align: right ;  vertical-align: middle; vertical-align: bottom ; ">&#160;</td><td colspan="3" style="width:12.995%;;vertical-align: bottom ; ">&#160;</td><td style="width:0.990099%;;text-align: right ;  vertical-align: middle; vertical-align: bottom ; ">&#160;</td><td colspan="3" style="width:12.995%;;text-align: justify ;  vertical-align: middle; vertical-align: bottom ; ">&#160;</td><td style="width:0.990099%;;text-align: right ; 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">2,761,862</td><td style="width:0.990099%;;padding-left: 0 ; text-align: left ;  vertical-align: middle; vertical-align: bottom ; ">&#160;</td><td style="width:0.990099%;;text-align: right ;  vertical-align: middle; vertical-align: bottom ; ">&#160;</td><td style="width:0.990099%;;padding-right: 0 ; text-align: right ;  vertical-align: middle; vertical-align: bottom ; ">&#160;</td><td style="width:11.0149%;;padding-left: 0 ; padding-right: 0 ; text-align: right ;  vertical-align: middle; vertical-align: bottom ; ">2,570,297</td><td style="width:0.990099%;;padding-left: 0 ; text-align: left ;  vertical-align: middle; vertical-align: bottom ; ">&#160;</td><td style="width:0.990099%;;text-align: right ;  vertical-align: middle; vertical-align: bottom ; ">&#160;</td><td style="width:0.990099%;;padding-right: 0 ; text-align: right ;  vertical-align: middle; vertical-align: top ; ">&#160;</td><td style="width:11.0149%;;padding-left: 0 ; padding-right: 0 ; text-align: right ;  vertical-align: middle; vertical-align: top ; ">7,868,483</td><td style="width:0.990099%;;padding-left: 0 ; text-align: left ;  vertical-align: middle; vertical-align: top ; ">&#160;</td></tr><tr><td style="width:44.9876%;;vertical-align: middle ; ">&#160;</td><td colspan="3" style="width:12.995%;;vertical-align: bottom ; ">&#160;</td><td style="width:0.990099%;;text-align: right ;  vertical-align: middle; vertical-align: bottom ; ">&#160;</td><td colspan="3" style="width:12.995%;;vertical-align: bottom ; ">&#160;</td><td style="width:0.990099%;;text-align: right ;  vertical-align: middle; vertical-align: bottom ; ">&#160;</td><td colspan="3" style="width:12.995%;;text-align: justify ;  vertical-align: middle; vertical-align: top ; ">&#160;</td><td style="width:0.990099%;;text-align: right ;  vertical-align: middle; vertical-align: bottom ; ">&#160;</td><td colspan="3" style="width:12.995%;;vertical-align: top ; ">&#160;</td></tr><tr><td style="width:44.9876%;;vertical-align: middle ; ">INTEREST INCOME</td><td style="width:0.990099%;;padding-right: 0 ; 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text-align: right ;  vertical-align: middle; vertical-align: top ; ">&#160;</td><td style="width:11.0149%;;padding-left: 0 ; padding-right: 0 ; text-align: right ;  vertical-align: middle; vertical-align: top ; ">308,054</td><td style="width:0.990099%;;padding-left: 0 ; text-align: left ;  vertical-align: middle; vertical-align: top ; ">&#160;</td><td style="width:0.990099%;;text-align: right ;  vertical-align: middle; vertical-align: bottom ; ">&#160;</td><td style="width:0.990099%;;padding-right: 0 ; text-align: right ;  vertical-align: middle; vertical-align: top ; ">&#160;</td><td style="width:11.0149%;;padding-left: 0 ; padding-right: 0 ; text-align: right ;  vertical-align: middle; vertical-align: top ; ">118,827</td><td style="width:0.990099%;;padding-left: 0 ; text-align: left ;  vertical-align: middle; vertical-align: top ; ">&#160;</td></tr><tr><td style="width:44.9876%;;vertical-align: middle ; ">INTEREST EXPENSE</td><td style="width:0.990099%;;padding-right: 0 ; text-align: right ; 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 vertical-align: middle; vertical-align: top ; ">&#160;</td><td style="width:11.0149%;;padding-left: 0 ; padding-right: 0 ; text-align: right ;  vertical-align: middle; vertical-align: top ; ">(599,927</td><td style="width:0.990099%;;padding-left: 0 ; text-align: left ;  vertical-align: middle; vertical-align: top ; ">)</td><td style="width:0.990099%;;text-align: right ;  vertical-align: middle; vertical-align: bottom ; ">&#160;</td><td style="width:0.990099%;;padding-right: 0 ; text-align: right ;  vertical-align: middle; vertical-align: top ; ">&#160;</td><td style="width:11.0149%;;padding-left: 0 ; padding-right: 0 ; text-align: right ;  vertical-align: middle; vertical-align: top ; ">(340,129</td><td style="width:0.990099%;;padding-left: 0 ; text-align: left ;  vertical-align: middle; vertical-align: top ; ">)</td></tr><tr><td style="width:44.9876%;;vertical-align: middle ; ">OTHER INCOME</td><td class="hugin" style="width:0.990099%;">&#160;</td><td style="width:11.0149%;;text-align: right ; 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These non-GAAP financial measures are supplemental information and in addition to the financial measures presented in the accompanying release that are calculated and presented in accordance with GAAP. NTIC uses non-GAAP financial measures as supplemental measures of performance and believes these measures facilitate operating performance comparisons from period to period and company to company by factoring out potential differences caused by non-recurring, unusual or infrequent charges not related to NTIC&#8217;s regular, ongoing business. NTIC also believes that the presentation of certain non-GAAP financial measures provides useful information to investors in evaluating the company&#8217;s operations, period over period. Such non-GAAP financial measures should not be considered superior to, as a substitute for, or as an alternative to, and should be considered in conjunction with, the GAAP financial measures presented in the release. The non-GAAP financial measures in the accompanying release may differ from similar measures used by other companies.</p>  <p align="justify">The following is a reconciliation of NTIC&#8217;s reported net (loss) income attributable to NTIC and reported net (loss) income attributable to NTIC per diluted common share to adjusted net (loss) income attributable to NTIC and adjusted net (loss) income attributable to NTIC per diluted common share, in each case, as adjusted to exclude the contribution from the receipt of an ERC payment, customs classification adjustment and related penalties, and amortization expense.</p> <table align="center" style="width:100%; border-collapse:collapse !important;;border-collapse: collapse; "><tr><td style="vertical-align: top ; ">&#160;</td><td colspan="6" style="border-bottom: solid black 1pt ; text-align: center ;  vertical-align: middle; vertical-align: bottom ; "><br ><strong>Three Months Ended</strong></td><td style="text-align: center ;  vertical-align: middle; 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</XBRL>
</TEXT>
</DOCUMENT>
<DOCUMENT>
<TYPE>EX-101.LAB
<SEQUENCE>5
<FILENAME>gnw-20250101_lab.xml
<DESCRIPTION>XBRL LABEL FILE
<TEXT>
<XBRL>
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="US-ASCII" standalone="no"?>
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<TYPE>EX-101.PRE
<SEQUENCE>6
<FILENAME>gnw-20250101_pre.xml
<DESCRIPTION>XBRL PRESENTATION FILE
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    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2025/dei-2025.xsd#dei_EntityCommonStockSharesOutstanding" xlink:label="loc_deiEntityCommonStockSharesOutstanding" />
    <link:presentationArc order="560" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapStatementLineItems" xlink:to="loc_deiEntityCommonStockSharesOutstanding" xlink:type="arc" />
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2025/dei-2025.xsd#dei_DocumentsIncorporatedByReferenceTextBlock" xlink:label="loc_deiDocumentsIncorporatedByReferenceTextBlock" />
    <link:presentationArc order="570" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapStatementLineItems" xlink:to="loc_deiDocumentsIncorporatedByReferenceTextBlock" xlink:type="arc" />
  </link:presentationLink>
</link:linkbase>
</XBRL>
</TEXT>
</DOCUMENT>
<DOCUMENT>
<TYPE>XML
<SEQUENCE>8
<FILENAME>R1.htm
<DESCRIPTION>IDEA: XBRL DOCUMENT
<TEXT>
<html>
<head>
<title></title>
<link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="include/report.css">
<script type="text/javascript" src="Show.js">/* Do Not Remove This Comment */</script><script type="text/javascript">
							function toggleNextSibling (e) {
							if (e.nextSibling.style.display=='none') {
							e.nextSibling.style.display='block';
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							}</script>
</head>
<body>
<span style="display: none;">v3.25.3</span><table class="report" border="0" cellspacing="2" id="id2">
<tr>
<th class="tl" colspan="1" rowspan="1"><div style="width: 200px;"><strong>Cover<br></strong></div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Nov. 18, 2025</div></th>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_DocumentType', window );">Document Type</a></td>
<td class="text">8-K<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_AmendmentFlag', window );">Amendment Flag</a></td>
<td class="text">false<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_DocumentPeriodEndDate', window );">Document Period End Date</a></td>
<td class="text">Nov. 18,  2025<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_EntityFileNumber', window );">Entity File Number</a></td>
<td class="text">001-11038<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_EntityRegistrantName', window );">Entity Registrant Name</a></td>
<td class="text">NORTHERN TECHNOLOGIES INTERNATIONAL CORPORATION<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_EntityCentralIndexKey', window );">Entity Central Index Key</a></td>
<td class="text">0000875582<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_EntityTaxIdentificationNumber', window );">Entity Tax Identification Number</a></td>
<td class="text">41-0857886<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_EntityIncorporationStateCountryCode', window );">Entity Incorporation, State or Country Code</a></td>
<td class="text">DE<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_EntityAddressAddressLine1', window );">Entity Address, Address Line One</a></td>
<td class="text">4201 Woodland RoadP.O. Box 69<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_EntityAddressCityOrTown', window );">Entity Address, City or Town</a></td>
<td class="text">Circle Pines<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_EntityAddressStateOrProvince', window );">Entity Address, State or Province</a></td>
<td class="text">MN<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_EntityAddressPostalZipCode', window );">Entity Address, Postal Zip Code</a></td>
<td class="text">55014<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_CityAreaCode', window );">City Area Code</a></td>
<td class="text">763<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_LocalPhoneNumber', window );">Local Phone Number</a></td>
<td class="text">225-6600<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_WrittenCommunications', window );">Written Communications</a></td>
<td class="text">false<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_SolicitingMaterial', window );">Soliciting Material</a></td>
<td class="text">false<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_PreCommencementTenderOffer', window );">Pre-commencement Tender Offer</a></td>
<td class="text">false<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_PreCommencementIssuerTenderOffer', window );">Pre-commencement Issuer Tender Offer</a></td>
<td class="text">false<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_Security12bTitle', window );">Title of 12(b) Security</a></td>
<td class="text">Common stock, par value $0.02 per share<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_TradingSymbol', window );">Trading Symbol</a></td>
<td class="text">NTIC<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_SecurityExchangeName', window );">Security Exchange Name</a></td>
<td class="text">NASDAQ<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_EntityEmergingGrowthCompany', window );">Entity Emerging Growth Company</a></td>
<td class="text">false<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
</table>
<div style="display: none;">
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_AmendmentFlag">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Boolean flag that is true when the XBRL content amends previously-filed or accepted submission.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_AmendmentFlag</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:booleanItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_CityAreaCode">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Area code of city</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_CityAreaCode</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:normalizedStringItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_DocumentPeriodEndDate">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>For the EDGAR submission types of Form 8-K: the date of the report, the date of the earliest event reported; for the EDGAR submission types of Form N-1A: the filing date; for all other submission types: the end of the reporting or transition period. The format of the date is YYYY-MM-DD.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_DocumentPeriodEndDate</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:dateItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_DocumentType">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The type of document being provided (such as 10-K, 10-Q, 485BPOS, etc). The document type is limited to the same value as the supporting SEC submission type, or the word 'Other'.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_DocumentType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>dei:submissionTypeItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_EntityAddressAddressLine1">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Address Line 1 such as Attn, Building Name, Street Name</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_EntityAddressAddressLine1</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:normalizedStringItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_EntityAddressCityOrTown">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Name of the City or Town</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_EntityAddressCityOrTown</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:normalizedStringItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_EntityAddressPostalZipCode">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Code for the postal or zip code</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_EntityAddressPostalZipCode</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:normalizedStringItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_EntityAddressStateOrProvince">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Name of the state or province.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_EntityAddressStateOrProvince</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>dei:stateOrProvinceItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_EntityCentralIndexKey">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>A unique 10-digit SEC-issued value to identify entities that have filed disclosures with the SEC. It is commonly abbreviated as CIK.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br> -Publisher SEC<br> -Name Exchange Act<br> -Number 240<br> -Section 12<br> -Subsection b-2<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_EntityCentralIndexKey</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>dei:centralIndexKeyItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_EntityEmergingGrowthCompany">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Indicate if registrant meets the emerging growth company criteria.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br> -Publisher SEC<br> -Name Exchange Act<br> -Number 240<br> -Section 12<br> -Subsection b-2<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_EntityEmergingGrowthCompany</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:booleanItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_EntityFileNumber">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Commission file number. The field allows up to 17 characters. The prefix may contain 1-3 digits, the sequence number may contain 1-8 digits, the optional suffix may contain 1-4 characters, and the fields are separated with a hyphen.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
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<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Two-character EDGAR code representing the state or country of incorporation.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_EntityIncorporationStateCountryCode</td>
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<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_EntityRegistrantName">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The exact name of the entity filing the report as specified in its charter, which is required by forms filed with the SEC.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br> -Publisher SEC<br> -Name Exchange Act<br> -Number 240<br> -Section 12<br> -Subsection b-2<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_EntityRegistrantName</td>
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<td>xbrli:normalizedStringItemType</td>
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<td>na</td>
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<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The Tax Identification Number (TIN), also known as an Employer Identification Number (EIN), is a unique 9-digit value assigned by the IRS.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br> -Publisher SEC<br> -Name Exchange Act<br> -Number 240<br> -Section 12<br> -Subsection b-2<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_EntityTaxIdentificationNumber</td>
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<td>na</td>
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<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Local phone number for entity.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_LocalPhoneNumber</td>
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<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_PreCommencementIssuerTenderOffer">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Boolean flag that is true when the Form 8-K filing is intended to satisfy the filing obligation of the registrant as pre-commencement communications pursuant to Rule 13e-4(c) under the Exchange Act.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br> -Publisher SEC<br> -Name Exchange Act<br> -Number 240<br> -Section 13e<br> -Subsection 4c<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_PreCommencementIssuerTenderOffer</td>
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<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
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<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:booleanItemType</td>
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<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
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<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
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<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_PreCommencementTenderOffer">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Boolean flag that is true when the Form 8-K filing is intended to satisfy the filing obligation of the registrant as pre-commencement communications pursuant to Rule 14d-2(b) under the Exchange Act.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br> -Publisher SEC<br> -Name Exchange Act<br> -Number 240<br> -Section 14d<br> -Subsection 2b<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_PreCommencementTenderOffer</td>
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<td>xbrli:booleanItemType</td>
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<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
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<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_Security12bTitle">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Title of a 12(b) registered security.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br> -Publisher SEC<br> -Name Exchange Act<br> -Number 240<br> -Section 12<br> -Subsection b<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_Security12bTitle</td>
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<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
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<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
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<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Name of the Exchange on which a security is registered.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br> -Publisher SEC<br> -Name Exchange Act<br> -Number 240<br> -Section 12<br> -Subsection d1-1<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_SecurityExchangeName</td>
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<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
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<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
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<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
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<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_SolicitingMaterial">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Boolean flag that is true when the Form 8-K filing is intended to satisfy the filing obligation of the registrant as soliciting material pursuant to Rule 14a-12 under the Exchange Act.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br> -Publisher SEC<br> -Name Exchange Act<br> -Number 240<br> -Section 14a<br> -Subsection 12<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_SolicitingMaterial</td>
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<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
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<td>duration</td>
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<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
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<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Trading symbol of an instrument as listed on an exchange.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_TradingSymbol</td>
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<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_WrittenCommunications">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
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<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Boolean flag that is true when the Form 8-K filing is intended to satisfy the filing obligation of the registrant as written communications pursuant to Rule 425 under the Securities Act.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br> -Publisher SEC<br> -Name Securities Act<br> -Number 230<br> -Section 425<br></p></div>
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<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
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<td>duration</td>
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