<SEC-DOCUMENT>0000917225-14-000027.txt : 20140422
<SEC-HEADER>0000917225-14-000027.hdr.sgml : 20140422
<ACCEPTANCE-DATETIME>20140421194552
ACCESSION NUMBER:		0000917225-14-000027
CONFORMED SUBMISSION TYPE:	S-3/A
PUBLIC DOCUMENT COUNT:		3
FILED AS OF DATE:		20140422
DATE AS OF CHANGE:		20140421

FILER:

	COMPANY DATA:	
		COMPANY CONFORMED NAME:			SOLITARIO EXPLORATION & ROYALTY CORP.
		CENTRAL INDEX KEY:			0000917225
		STANDARD INDUSTRIAL CLASSIFICATION:	GOLD & SILVER ORES [1040]
		IRS NUMBER:				841285791
		STATE OF INCORPORATION:			CO
		FISCAL YEAR END:			1231

	FILING VALUES:
		FORM TYPE:		S-3/A
		SEC ACT:		1933 Act
		SEC FILE NUMBER:	333-194827
		FILM NUMBER:		14775042

	BUSINESS ADDRESS:	
		STREET 1:		4251 KIPLING STREET
		STREET 2:		SUITE 390
		CITY:			WHEAT RIDGE
		STATE:			CO
		ZIP:			80033
		BUSINESS PHONE:		3035341030

	MAIL ADDRESS:	
		STREET 1:		4251 KIPLING STREET
		STREET 2:		SUITE 390
		CITY:			WHEAT RIDGE
		STATE:			CO
		ZIP:			80033

	FORMER COMPANY:	
		FORMER CONFORMED NAME:	SOLITARIO RESOURCES CORP
		DATE OF NAME CHANGE:	20000711
</SEC-HEADER>
<DOCUMENT>
<TYPE>S-3/A
<SEQUENCE>1
<FILENAME>mar14s3a.htm
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<P STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: center; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt"><B>As </B></FONT><B><FONT STYLE="font-size: 8pt">filed
with the Securities and Exchange Commission on April 21, 2014. </FONT></B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 8pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 4.5pt 0 0; text-align: right"><B>Registration Statement No. 333-194827&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 2.5pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>

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<P STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: center"><B>UNITED STATES </B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: center"><B>SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION </B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: center"><B>Washington, D.C. 20549 </B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 4.5pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>

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<P STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: center"><B>AMENDMENT No. 1</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: center"><B>TO&nbsp;</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: center"><B>FORM S-3 </B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: center"><B>REGISTRATION STATEMENT </B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: center"><B><I>UNDER </I></B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: center"><B><I>THE SECURITIES ACT OF 1933 </I></B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 4.5pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>

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<P STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: center"><B>SOLITARIO EXPLORATION &amp; ROYALTY CORP.
</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: center"><B>(Exact Name of Registrant as Specified in
Its Charter) </B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 4.5pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>

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<P STYLE="font: 4.5pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>

<table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="width: 100%; font-family: Calibri, Helvetica, Sans-Serif">
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    <td style="width: 50%; font-size: 11pt; line-height: 115%">&nbsp;</td>
    <td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 3%; font-size: 11pt; line-height: 115%">&nbsp;</td>
    <td style="width: 47%; font-size: 11pt; line-height: 115%">&nbsp;</td></tr>
<tr>
    <td style="vertical-align: top; text-align: center; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><b>Colorado</b></font></td>
    <td style="vertical-align: bottom; font-size: 7.5pt; line-height: 115%">&nbsp;</td>
    <td style="vertical-align: top; text-align: center; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><b>84-1285791</b></font></td></tr>
<tr>
    <td style="vertical-align: top; text-align: center; font-size: 7.5pt; line-height: 115%"><font style="font: 7.5pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><b>(State or Other Jurisdiction of Incorporation or Organization)</b></font></td>
    <td style="vertical-align: bottom; font-size: 7.5pt; line-height: 115%">&nbsp;</td>
    <td style="vertical-align: top; text-align: center; font-size: 7.5pt; line-height: 115%"><font style="font: 7.5pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><b>(I.R.S. Employer Identification Number)</b></font></td></tr>
</table>
<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: center"><B>4251 Kipling Street, Suite 390</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: center"><B>Wheat Ridge, Colorado 80033 </B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: center"><B>(303) 534-1030 </B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 7.5pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: center"><B>(Address, Including Zip Code, and Telephone
Number, Including Area Code, of Registrant&rsquo;s Principal Executive Offices) </B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 4.5pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>

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<P STYLE="font: 11pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: center"><B>Christopher E. Herald </B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 11pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: center"><B>President and Chief Executive Officer </B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 11pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: center"><B>4251 Kipling Street, Suite 390 </B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 11pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: center"><B>Wheat Ridge, Colorado 80033 </B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 11pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: center"><B>(303) 534-1030 </B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 11pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: center"><B>(Name, Address, Including Zip Code, and Telephone
Number, Including Area Code, of Agent for Service) </B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 11pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

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<P STYLE="font: 11pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: center"><B><I>With copies to: </I></B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 11pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

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    <td style="width: 89%; font-size: 11pt; line-height: 115%">&nbsp;</td></tr>
<tr>
    <td style="vertical-align: top">
        <P STYLE="font: 11pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: center"><b>Clifford R. Pearl, Esq.</b></P>
        <P STYLE="font: 11pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: center"><b>Peter F. Waltz, Esq.</b></P>
        <P STYLE="font: 11pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: center"><b>Polsinelli PC</b></P>
        <P STYLE="font: 11pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: center"><b>1515 Wynkoop Street, Suite 600</b></P>
        <P STYLE="font: 11pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: center"><b>Denver, Colorado 8002</b></P>
        <P STYLE="font: 11pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: center"><b>(303) 572-9300</b></P></td></tr>
</table>
<P STYLE="font: 4.5pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><I>Approximate date of
commencement of proposed sale to the public</I>: From time to time after this registration statement becomes effective.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">If the only securities
being registered on this form are being offered pursuant to dividend or interest reinvestment plans, please check the following
box.&nbsp;&nbsp;&#61608;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"></P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">If any of the securities
being registered on this form are to be offered on a delayed or continuous basis pursuant to Rule 415 under the Securities Act
of 1933, as amended, other than securities offered only in connection with dividend or interest reinvestment plans, check the following
box.&nbsp;&nbsp;[x]</P>

<P STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">If this form is filed
to register additional securities for an offering pursuant to Rule 462(b) under the Securities Act, please check the following
box and list the Securities Act registration statement number of the earlier effective registration statement for the same offering.&nbsp;&nbsp;&#61608;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">If this form is a post-effective
amendment filed pursuant to Rule 462(c) under the Securities Act, check the following box and list the Securities Act registration
statement number of the earlier effective registration statement for the same offering.&nbsp;&nbsp;&#61608;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">If this Form is a registration
statement pursuant to General Instruction I.D. or a post-effective amendment thereto that shall become effective upon filing with
the Commission pursuant to Rule 462(e) under the Securities Act, check the following box.&nbsp;&nbsp;&#61608;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">If this Form is a post-effective
amendment to a registration statement filed pursuant to General Instruction I.D. filed to register additional securities or additional
classes of securities pursuant to Rule 413(b) under the Securities Act, check the following box.&nbsp;&nbsp;&#61608;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">Indicate by check mark
whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, or a smaller reporting company.
See the definitions of &ldquo;large accelerated filer,&rdquo; &ldquo;accelerated filer&rdquo; and &ldquo;smaller reporting company&rdquo;
in Rule 12b- 2 of the Exchange Act.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 4.5pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>

<table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="width: 100%; font-family: Calibri, Helvetica, Sans-Serif">
<tr>
    <td style="width: 70%; font-size: 11pt; line-height: 115%">&nbsp;</td>
    <td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 2%; font-size: 11pt; line-height: 115%">&nbsp;</td>
    <td style="width: 28%; font-size: 11pt; line-height: 115%">&nbsp;</td></tr>
<tr>
    <td style="vertical-align: top; padding-left: 12pt; font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-indent: -12pt"><font style="font-size: 10pt">Large accelerated filer&nbsp;&nbsp;&#61608;</font></td>
    <td style="vertical-align: bottom; font-size: 7.5pt; line-height: 115%">&nbsp;</td>
    <td style="vertical-align: bottom; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Accelerated&nbsp;filer&nbsp;&nbsp;&#61608;</font></td></tr>
<tr>
    <td style="vertical-align: top; padding-left: 12pt; font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-indent: -12pt"><font style="font-size: 10pt">Non-accelerated filer&nbsp;&nbsp;&#61608; (Do not check if a smaller reporting company) </font></td>
    <td style="vertical-align: bottom; font-size: 7.5pt; line-height: 115%">&nbsp;</td>
    <td style="vertical-align: bottom; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Smaller reporting company&nbsp;&nbsp;[x]</font></td></tr>
</table>
<P STYLE="font: 4.5pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: center"><B>CALCULATION OF REGISTRATION FEE </B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 4.5pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>

<table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="font: 7.5pt Calibri, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; width: 100%">
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td colspan="9" style="border-top: black 2.25pt double; font-size: 1pt; line-height: 115%">&nbsp;</td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td style="border-bottom: black 1pt solid; text-align: center; line-height: 115%"><font style="font: 7.5pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><b>Title of Each Class of</b></font><br>
<font style="font: 7.5pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><b>Securities to be</b></font><br>
<font style="font: 7.5pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><b>Registered</b></font></td>
    <td style="border-left: black 1pt solid; border-bottom: black 1pt solid; line-height: 115%">&nbsp;</td>
    <td nowrap style="border-bottom: black 1pt solid; text-align: center; line-height: 115%"><font style="font: 7.5pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><b>Amount to be</b></font><br>
<font style="font: 7.5pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><b>Registered (1) (2)</b></font></td>
    <td style="border-left: black 1pt solid; border-bottom: black 1pt solid; line-height: 115%">&nbsp;</td>
    <td nowrap style="border-bottom: black 1pt solid; text-align: center; line-height: 115%"><font style="font: 7.5pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><b>Proposed Maximum</b></font><br>
<font style="font: 7.5pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><b>Offering Price Per</b></font><br>
<font style="font: 7.5pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><b>Unit (3)</b></font></td>
    <td style="border-left: black 1pt solid; border-bottom: black 1pt solid; line-height: 115%">&nbsp;</td>
    <td nowrap style="border-bottom: black 1pt solid; text-align: center; line-height: 115%"><font style="font: 7.5pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><b>Proposed Maximum</b></font><br>
<font style="font: 7.5pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><b>Aggregate</b></font><br>
<font style="font: 7.5pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><b>Offering Price (4)</b></font></td>
    <td style="border-left: black 1pt solid; border-bottom: black 1pt solid; line-height: 115%">&nbsp;</td>
    <td nowrap style="border-bottom: black 1pt solid; text-align: center; line-height: 115%"><font style="font: 7.5pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><b>Amount of</b></font><br>
<font style="font: 7.5pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><b>Registration Fee </b></font></td></tr>
<tr>
    <td style="vertical-align: top; border-top: black 1pt solid; font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-left: 12pt; text-indent: -12pt"><font style="font-size: 10pt">Debt Securities (5)</font></td>
    <td style="vertical-align: bottom; border-top: black 1pt solid; border-left: black 1pt solid; line-height: 115%">&nbsp;</td>
    <td style="vertical-align: bottom; border-top: black 1pt solid; line-height: 115%">&nbsp;</td>
    <td style="vertical-align: bottom; border-top: black 1pt solid; border-left: black 1pt solid; line-height: 115%">&nbsp;</td>
    <td style="vertical-align: bottom; border-top: black 1pt solid; line-height: 115%">&nbsp;</td>
    <td style="vertical-align: bottom; border-top: black 1pt solid; border-left: black 1pt solid; line-height: 115%">&nbsp;</td>
    <td style="vertical-align: bottom; border-top: black 1pt solid; line-height: 115%">&nbsp;</td>
    <td style="vertical-align: bottom; border-top: black 1pt solid; border-left: black 1pt solid; line-height: 115%">&nbsp;</td>
    <td style="vertical-align: bottom; border-top: black 1pt solid; line-height: 115%">&nbsp;</td></tr>
<tr>
    <td style="vertical-align: top; border-top: black 1pt solid; font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-left: 12pt; text-indent: -12pt"><font style="font-size: 10pt">Preferred Stock (6)</font></td>
    <td style="vertical-align: bottom; border-top: black 1pt solid; border-left: black 1pt solid; line-height: 115%">&nbsp;</td>
    <td style="vertical-align: bottom; border-top: black 1pt solid; line-height: 115%">&nbsp;</td>
    <td style="vertical-align: bottom; border-top: black 1pt solid; border-left: black 1pt solid; line-height: 115%">&nbsp;</td>
    <td style="vertical-align: bottom; border-top: black 1pt solid; line-height: 115%">&nbsp;</td>
    <td style="vertical-align: bottom; border-top: black 1pt solid; border-left: black 1pt solid; line-height: 115%">&nbsp;</td>
    <td style="vertical-align: bottom; border-top: black 1pt solid; line-height: 115%">&nbsp;</td>
    <td style="vertical-align: bottom; border-top: black 1pt solid; border-left: black 1pt solid; line-height: 115%">&nbsp;</td>
    <td style="vertical-align: bottom; border-top: black 1pt solid; line-height: 115%">&nbsp;</td></tr>
<tr>
    <td style="vertical-align: top; border-top: black 1pt solid; font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-left: 12pt; text-indent: -12pt"><font style="font-size: 10pt">Common Stock (7)</font></td>
    <td style="vertical-align: bottom; border-top: black 1pt solid; border-left: black 1pt solid; line-height: 115%">&nbsp;</td>
    <td style="vertical-align: bottom; border-top: black 1pt solid; line-height: 115%">&nbsp;</td>
    <td style="vertical-align: bottom; border-top: black 1pt solid; border-left: black 1pt solid; line-height: 115%">&nbsp;</td>
    <td style="vertical-align: bottom; border-top: black 1pt solid; line-height: 115%">&nbsp;</td>
    <td style="vertical-align: bottom; border-top: black 1pt solid; border-left: black 1pt solid; line-height: 115%">&nbsp;</td>
    <td style="vertical-align: bottom; border-top: black 1pt solid; line-height: 115%">&nbsp;</td>
    <td style="vertical-align: bottom; border-top: black 1pt solid; border-left: black 1pt solid; line-height: 115%">&nbsp;</td>
    <td style="vertical-align: bottom; border-top: black 1pt solid; line-height: 115%">&nbsp;</td></tr>
<tr>
    <td style="vertical-align: top; border-top: black 1pt solid; font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-left: 12pt; text-indent: -12pt"><font style="font-size: 10pt">Warrants (8)</font></td>
    <td style="vertical-align: bottom; border-top: black 1pt solid; border-left: black 1pt solid; line-height: 115%">&nbsp;</td>
    <td style="vertical-align: bottom; border-top: black 1pt solid; line-height: 115%">&nbsp;</td>
    <td style="vertical-align: bottom; border-top: black 1pt solid; border-left: black 1pt solid; line-height: 115%">&nbsp;</td>
    <td style="vertical-align: bottom; border-top: black 1pt solid; line-height: 115%">&nbsp;</td>
    <td style="vertical-align: bottom; border-top: black 1pt solid; border-left: black 1pt solid; line-height: 115%">&nbsp;</td>
    <td style="vertical-align: bottom; border-top: black 1pt solid; line-height: 115%">&nbsp;</td>
    <td style="vertical-align: bottom; border-top: black 1pt solid; border-left: black 1pt solid; line-height: 115%">&nbsp;</td>
    <td style="vertical-align: bottom; border-top: black 1pt solid; line-height: 115%">&nbsp;</td></tr>
<tr>
    <td style="vertical-align: top; border-top: black 1pt solid; font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-left: 12pt; text-indent: -12pt"><font style="font-size: 10pt">Units (9)</font></td>
    <td style="vertical-align: bottom; border-top: black 1pt solid; border-left: black 1pt solid; line-height: 115%">&nbsp;</td>
    <td style="vertical-align: bottom; border-top: black 1pt solid; line-height: 115%">&nbsp;</td>
    <td style="vertical-align: bottom; border-top: black 1pt solid; border-left: black 1pt solid; line-height: 115%">&nbsp;</td>
    <td style="vertical-align: bottom; border-top: black 1pt solid; line-height: 115%">&nbsp;</td>
    <td style="vertical-align: bottom; border-top: black 1pt solid; border-left: black 1pt solid; line-height: 115%">&nbsp;</td>
    <td style="vertical-align: bottom; border-top: black 1pt solid; line-height: 115%">&nbsp;</td>
    <td style="vertical-align: bottom; border-top: black 1pt solid; border-left: black 1pt solid; line-height: 115%">&nbsp;</td>
    <td style="vertical-align: bottom; border-top: black 1pt solid; line-height: 115%">&nbsp;</td></tr>
<tr>
    <td style="vertical-align: top; border-top: black 1pt solid; font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-left: 12pt; text-indent: -12pt"><font style="font-size: 10pt">Total</font></td>
    <td style="vertical-align: bottom; border-top: black 1pt solid; border-left: black 1pt solid; line-height: 115%">&nbsp;</td>
    <td nowrap style="vertical-align: bottom; border-top: black 1pt solid; text-align: center; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$75,000,000 </font></td>
    <td style="vertical-align: bottom; border-top: black 1pt solid; border-left: black 1pt solid; line-height: 115%">&nbsp;</td>
    <td nowrap style="vertical-align: bottom; border-top: black 1pt solid; text-align: center; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">N.A.</font></td>
    <td style="vertical-align: bottom; border-top: black 1pt solid; border-left: black 1pt solid; line-height: 115%">&nbsp;</td>
    <td nowrap style="vertical-align: bottom; border-top: black 1pt solid; text-align: center; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$75,000,000</font></td>
    <td style="vertical-align: bottom; border-top: black 1pt solid; border-left: black 1pt solid; line-height: 115%">&nbsp;</td>
    <td nowrap style="vertical-align: bottom; border-top: black 1pt solid; text-align: center; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$1,407 (10)</font></td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td colspan="9" style="border-top: black 2.25pt double; font-size: 1pt; line-height: 115%">&nbsp;</td></tr>
</table>
<P STYLE="font: 11pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="font: 7.5pt Calibri, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse">
<tr style="vertical-align: top">
    <td style="width: 3%; text-align: justify; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">(1)</font></td>
    <td style="width: 97%">
        <P STYLE="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">The amount to be registered consists
        of up to $75,000,000 of an indeterminate amount of debt securities, preferred stock, common stock, warrants and/or units. There
        is also being registered hereunder such currently indeterminate amount of debt securities as may be issued upon exercise of warrants
        registered hereby and such currently indeterminate number of (i)&nbsp;shares of preferred stock, common stock and warrants as may
        be issued upon conversion of, or in exchange for, convertible or exchangeable debt securities and/or preferred stock registered
        hereby, or (ii)&nbsp;shares of preferred stock and common stock as may be issued upon exercise of warrants registered hereby, as
        the case may be. Any securities registered hereunder may be sold separately or as units with the other securities registered hereunder.</P>
        <P STYLE="font: 11pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P></td></tr>
</table>
<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 11pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 22.5pt">(2)</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">Of the total amount of  debt securities, shares of common stock,
shares of preferred stock, warrants and units registered hereunder for sale by the Registrant, $65,352,999 of such amount (collectively,
the &ldquo;Unsold Securities&rdquo;) were registered under Registration Statement No. 333-172929</FONT><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">,
initially filed by the Registrant on March 18, 2011 and declared effective on March 29, 2011 (the &ldquo;Prior Registration Statement&rdquo;).
As of the date hereof the Unsold Securities represent securities that remain unsold pursuant to the Prior Registration Statement.
Pursuant to Rule 415(a)(6) under the Securities Act, the registration fee previously paid in connection with the Unsold Securities
will continue to be applied to the Unsold Securities. Pursuant to Rule 415(a)(6) under the Securities Act, the offering of Unsold
Securities under the Prior Registration Statement will be deemed terminated as of the date of effectiveness of this Registration
Statement.</FONT></TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 11pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 0 22.5pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -22.5pt">&nbsp;</P>

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<P STYLE="font: 11pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 0 22.5pt; text-align: justify"></P>

<table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="font: 7.5pt Calibri, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse">
<tr style="vertical-align: top">
    <td style="width: 4%; text-align: justify; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">(3)</font></td>
    <td style="text-align: justify; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">The proposed maximum aggregate offering price per unit will be determined from time to time by the registrant in connection with the issuance by the registrant of the securities registered hereunder and is not specified as to each class of security pursuant to General Instruction II.D. of Form S-3 under the Securities Act. </font></td></tr>
</table>
<P STYLE="font: 11pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="font: 7.5pt Calibri, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse">
<tr style="vertical-align: top">
    <td style="width: 4%">
        <P STYLE="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">(4)</P>
        <P STYLE="font: 11pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P></td>
    <td style="text-align: justify; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Estimated solely for purposes of computing the registration fee. No separate consideration will be received for preferred stock, common stock or warrants issued upon conversion or exchange of debt securities and/or preferred stock</font></td></tr>
</table>
<P STYLE="font: 11pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="font: 7.5pt Calibri, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse">
<tr style="vertical-align: top">
    <td style="width: 4%; text-align: justify; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">(5)</font></td>
    <td style="text-align: justify; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Including such indeterminate principal amount of debt securities as may be issued from time to time at indeterminate prices. </font></td></tr>
</table>
<P STYLE="font: 11pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="font: 7.5pt Calibri, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse">
<tr style="vertical-align: top">
    <td style="width: 4%; text-align: justify; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">(6)</font></td>
    <td style="text-align: justify; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Including such indeterminate amount of preferred stock as may be issued from time to time at indeterminate prices or upon conversion of debt securities and/or preferred stock registered hereby, or upon exercise of warrants registered hereby, as the case may be. </font></td></tr>
</table>
<P STYLE="font: 11pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="font: 7.5pt Calibri, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse">
<tr style="vertical-align: top">
    <td style="width: 4%; text-align: justify; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">(7)</font></td>
    <td style="text-align: justify; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Including such indeterminate amount of common stock as may be issued from time to time at indeterminate prices or upon conversion of debt securities and/or preferred stock registered hereby, or upon exercise of warrants registered hereby, as the case may be. </font></td></tr>
</table>
<P STYLE="font: 11pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="font: 7.5pt Calibri, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse">
<tr style="vertical-align: top">
    <td style="width: 4%; text-align: justify; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">(8)</font></td>
    <td style="text-align: justify; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Including such indeterminate number of warrants or other rights, including without limitation share purchase or subscription rights, as may be issued from time to time at indeterminate prices. </font></td></tr>
</table>
<P STYLE="font: 11pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="font: 7.5pt Calibri, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse">
<tr style="vertical-align: top">
    <td style="width: 4%; text-align: justify; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">(9)</font></td>
    <td>
        <P STYLE="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">Each unit will be issued under a unit
        agreement and will represent an interest in two or more securities, which may be or may not be separable from one another.</P>
        <P STYLE="font: 11pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-indent: 48.95pt">&nbsp;</P></td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: top">
    <td style="text-align: justify; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">(10)</font></td>
    <td style="text-align: justify; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Pursuant
    to Rule 415(a)(6), the registration fee for the Unsold Securities was previously paid with the Prior Registration
    Statement.&nbsp;&nbsp;The fee of $1,407 relates solely to new securities registered in this Registration Statement that were
    not previously registered under the Prior Registration Statement.&nbsp;&nbsp;The filing fee was paid with the initial filing
    of this Registration Statement.</font></td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: top">
    <td style="text-align: justify; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%">&nbsp;</td>
    <td style="text-align: justify; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%">&nbsp;</td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: top">
    <td style="text-align: justify; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%">&nbsp;</td>
    <td style="text-align: justify; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%">&nbsp;</td></tr>
</table>
<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><B>The registrant hereby
amends this registration statement on such date or dates as may be necessary to delay its effective date until the registrant shall
file a further amendment which specifically states that this registration statement shall thereafter become effective in accordance
with Section&nbsp;8(a) of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, or until the registration statement shall become effective on
such date as the Securities and Exchange Commission, acting pursuant to said Section&nbsp;8(a), may determine. </B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 4.5pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; color: #DE1A1E"><B>Neither the Securities and Exchange Commission
nor any state securities commission has approved or disapproved of these securities or determined if this prospectus is truthful
or complete. Any representation to the contrary is a criminal offense. </B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 7.5pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 6.1pt; color: #DE1A1E">The information in this preliminary prospectus
is not complete and may be changed. We may not sell these securities until the registration statement filed with the Securities
and Exchange Commission is effective. This preliminary prospectus is not an offer to sell these securities, and we are not soliciting
offers to buy these securities, in any state where the offer or sale is not permitted.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 10.5pt 0 0; text-align: center; color: #DE1A1E"><B>SUBJECT TO COMPLETION,
DATED APRIL  ___, 2014 </B></P>




<P STYLE="font: 13.5pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: center"></P>

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<P STYLE="font: 13.5pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: center">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 13.5pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: center"><B>Prospectus </B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10.5pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<!-- Field: Rule-Page --><DIV ALIGN="LEFT" STYLE="margin-top: 1pt; margin-bottom: 1pt"><DIV STYLE="font-size: 1pt; border-top: black 1pt solid; width: 100%">&nbsp;</DIV></DIV><!-- Field: /Rule-Page -->

<P STYLE="font: 13.5pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: center"><B>SOLITARIO EXPLORATION &amp; ROYALTY CORP.
</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 13.5pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: center"><B>$75,000,000 </B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: center"><B>Debt Securities </B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: center"><B>Preferred Stock </B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: center"><B>Common Stock </B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: center"><B>Warrants </B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: center"><B>Units </B></P>

<!-- Field: Rule-Page --><DIV ALIGN="LEFT" STYLE="margin-top: 1pt; margin-bottom: 1pt"><DIV STYLE="font-size: 1pt; border-top: black 1pt solid; width: 100%">&nbsp;</DIV></DIV><!-- Field: /Rule-Page -->

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">This prospectus
provides you with a general description of the securities that Solitario Exploration &amp; Royalty Corp. may offer and sell,
from time to time, either individually or in units. Each time we sell securities pursuant to this prospectus we will provide
a prospectus supplement that will contain specific information about the terms of any securities we offer and the specific
manner in which we will offer such securities. The prospectus supplement will also contain information, where appropriate,
about material United States federal income tax consequences relating to, and any listing on a securities exchange of, the
securities covered by the prospectus supplement. The prospectus supplement may also add, update or change information
contained in this prospectus. You should read this prospectus and the applicable prospectus supplement carefully before you
invest in our securities.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">We may offer these securities
in amounts, at prices and on terms determined at the time of offering. We may sell the securities directly to you, through agents
we select, or through underwriters and dealers we select. If we use agents, underwriters or dealers to sell the securities, we
will name them and describe their compensation in a prospectus supplement.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">Our common stock is
listed on the NYSE MKT under the symbol &ldquo;XPL.&rdquo; On April 15, 2014, the closing price for our common stock as
reported on the NYSE MKT was $1.21 per share. Our principal executive offices are located at 4251 Kipling Street, Suite 390,
Wheat Ridge, Colorado 80033.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10.5pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 10.5pt 0 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><B>Investing
in our securities involves a high degree of risk. You should review carefully the risks and uncertainties described under the heading
&ldquo;Risk Factors&rdquo; contained in this prospectus beginning on page 2 and the applicable prospectus supplement, and under
similar headings in the other documents that are incorporated by reference into this prospectus. </B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10.5pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 10.5pt 0 0; text-align: center"><B>The date of this prospectus is ,
2014</B>.</P>













<HR SIZE="3" NOSHADE ALIGN="CENTER" STYLE="width: 100%; color: #999999">




<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: center"></P>

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    <DIV STYLE="page-break-before: always; margin-top: 6pt; margin-bottom: 6pt"><TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><TR><TD STYLE="text-align: center; width: 100%">&nbsp;</TD></TR></TABLE></DIV>
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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: center">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: center"><B>Table of Contents </B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: center"></P>

<P STYLE="font: 9pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="width: 100%; font-family: Calibri, Helvetica, Sans-Serif">
<tr>
    <td style="width: 95%; font-size: 11pt; line-height: 115%">&nbsp;</td>
    <td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 3%; font-size: 11pt; line-height: 115%">&nbsp;</td>
    <td style="font-size: 11pt; line-height: 115%">&nbsp;</td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td style="font-size: 7.5pt; line-height: 115%">&nbsp;</td>
    <td style="font-size: 7.5pt; line-height: 115%">&nbsp;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: black 1pt solid; text-align: center; font-size: 7.5pt; line-height: 115%"><font style="font: 7.5pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><b>Page</b></font></td></tr>
<tr>
    <td style="vertical-align: top; padding-left: 12pt; font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-indent: -12pt"><font style="font-size: 10pt">ABOUT THIS PROSPECTUS</font></td>
    <td style="vertical-align: bottom; font-size: 7.5pt; line-height: 115%">&nbsp;</td>
    <td style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">1</font></td></tr>
<tr>
    <td style="font-size: 11pt; line-height: 115%">&nbsp;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="font-size: 11pt; line-height: 115%">&nbsp;</td></tr>
<tr>
    <td style="vertical-align: top; padding-left: 12pt; font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-indent: -12pt"><font style="font-size: 10pt">ABOUT SOLITARIO EXPLORATION &amp; ROYALTY CORP.</font></td>
    <td style="vertical-align: bottom; font-size: 7.5pt; line-height: 115%">&nbsp;</td>
    <td style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">1</font></td></tr>
<tr>
    <td style="font-size: 11pt; line-height: 115%">&nbsp;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="font-size: 11pt; line-height: 115%">&nbsp;</td></tr>
<tr>
    <td style="vertical-align: top; padding-left: 12pt; font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-indent: -12pt"><font style="font-size: 10pt">RISK FACTORS</font></td>
    <td style="vertical-align: bottom; font-size: 7.5pt; line-height: 115%">&nbsp;</td>
    <td style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">2</font></td></tr>
<tr>
    <td style="font-size: 11pt; line-height: 115%">&nbsp;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="font-size: 11pt; line-height: 115%">&nbsp;</td></tr>
<tr>
    <td style="vertical-align: top; padding-left: 12pt; font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-indent: -12pt"><font style="font-size: 10pt">FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS</font></td>
    <td style="vertical-align: bottom; font-size: 7.5pt; line-height: 115%">&nbsp;</td>
    <td style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">2</font></td></tr>
<tr>
    <td style="font-size: 11pt; line-height: 115%">&nbsp;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="font-size: 11pt; line-height: 115%">&nbsp;</td></tr>
<tr>
    <td style="vertical-align: top; padding-left: 12pt; font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-indent: -12pt"><font style="font-size: 10pt">RATIOS OF EARNINGS TO FIXED CHARGES</font></td>
    <td style="vertical-align: bottom; font-size: 7.5pt; line-height: 115%">&nbsp;</td>
    <td style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">2</font></td></tr>
<tr>
    <td style="font-size: 11pt; line-height: 115%">&nbsp;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="font-size: 11pt; line-height: 115%">&nbsp;</td></tr>
<tr>
    <td style="vertical-align: top; padding-left: 12pt; font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-indent: -12pt"><font style="font-size: 10pt">HOW WE INTEND TO USE THE PROCEEDS</font></td>
    <td style="vertical-align: bottom; font-size: 7.5pt; line-height: 115%">&nbsp;</td>
    <td style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">2</font></td></tr>
<tr>
    <td style="font-size: 11pt; line-height: 115%">&nbsp;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="font-size: 11pt; line-height: 115%">&nbsp;</td></tr>
<tr>
    <td style="vertical-align: top; padding-left: 12pt; font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-indent: -12pt"><font style="font-size: 10pt">DESCRIPTION OF THE SECURITIES</font></td>
    <td style="vertical-align: bottom; font-size: 7.5pt; line-height: 115%">&nbsp;</td>
    <td style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">2</font></td></tr>
<tr>
    <td style="font-size: 11pt; line-height: 115%">&nbsp;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="font-size: 11pt; line-height: 115%">&nbsp;</td></tr>
<tr>
    <td style="vertical-align: top; padding-left: 12pt; font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-indent: -12pt"><font style="font-size: 10pt">DESCRIPTION OF DEBT SECURITIES</font></td>
    <td style="vertical-align: bottom; font-size: 7.5pt; line-height: 115%">&nbsp;</td>
    <td style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">3</font></td></tr>
<tr>
    <td style="font-size: 11pt; line-height: 115%">&nbsp;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="font-size: 11pt; line-height: 115%">&nbsp;</td></tr>
<tr>
    <td style="vertical-align: top; padding-left: 12pt; font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-indent: -12pt"><font style="font-size: 10pt">DESCRIPTION OF PREFERRED STOCK</font></td>
    <td style="vertical-align: bottom; font-size: 7.5pt; line-height: 115%">&nbsp;</td>
    <td style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">15</font></td></tr>
<tr>
    <td style="font-size: 11pt; line-height: 115%">&nbsp;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="font-size: 11pt; line-height: 115%">&nbsp;</td></tr>
<tr>
    <td style="vertical-align: top; padding-left: 12pt; font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-indent: -12pt"><font style="font-size: 10pt">DESCRIPTION OF COMMON STOCK</font></td>
    <td style="vertical-align: bottom; font-size: 7.5pt; line-height: 115%">&nbsp;</td>
    <td style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">16</font></td></tr>
<tr>
    <td style="font-size: 11pt; line-height: 115%">&nbsp;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="font-size: 11pt; line-height: 115%">&nbsp;</td></tr>
<tr>
    <td style="vertical-align: top; padding-left: 12pt; font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-indent: -12pt"><font style="font-size: 10pt">DESCRIPTION OF WARRANTS</font></td>
    <td style="vertical-align: bottom; font-size: 7.5pt; line-height: 115%">&nbsp;</td>
    <td style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">16</font></td></tr>
<tr>
    <td style="font-size: 11pt; line-height: 115%">&nbsp;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="font-size: 11pt; line-height: 115%">&nbsp;</td></tr>
<tr>
    <td style="vertical-align: top; padding-left: 12pt; font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-indent: -12pt"><font style="font-size: 10pt">DESCRIPTION OF UNITS</font></td>
    <td style="vertical-align: bottom; font-size: 7.5pt; line-height: 115%">&nbsp;</td>
    <td style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">17</font></td></tr>
<tr>
    <td style="font-size: 11pt; line-height: 115%">&nbsp;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="font-size: 11pt; line-height: 115%">&nbsp;</td></tr>
<tr>
    <td style="vertical-align: top; padding-left: 12pt; font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-indent: -12pt"><font style="font-size: 10pt">HOW WE PLAN TO SELL THE SECURITIES</font></td>
    <td style="vertical-align: bottom; font-size: 7.5pt; line-height: 115%">&nbsp;</td>
    <td style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">20</font></td></tr>
<tr>
    <td style="font-size: 11pt; line-height: 115%">&nbsp;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="font-size: 11pt; line-height: 115%">&nbsp;</td></tr>
<tr>
    <td style="vertical-align: top; padding-left: 12pt; font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-indent: -12pt"><font style="font-size: 10pt">CERTAIN PROVISIONS OF COLORADO LAW AND OF OUR AMENDED AND RESTATED ARTICLES OF INCORPORATION, AS AMENDED, AND AMENDED AND RESTATED BY-LAWS</font></td>
    <td style="vertical-align: bottom; font-size: 7.5pt; line-height: 115%"></td>
    <td style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">23</font></td></tr>
<tr>
    <td style="font-size: 11pt; line-height: 115%">&nbsp;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="font-size: 11pt; line-height: 115%">&nbsp;</td></tr>
<tr>
    <td style="vertical-align: top; padding-left: 12pt; font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-indent: -12pt"><font style="font-size: 10pt">INFORMATION INCORPORATED BY REFERENCE</font></td>
    <td style="vertical-align: bottom; font-size: 7.5pt; line-height: 115%">&nbsp;</td>
    <td style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">23</FONT></td></tr>
<tr>
    <td style="font-size: 11pt; line-height: 115%">&nbsp;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="font-size: 11pt; line-height: 115%"></td></tr>
<tr>
    <td style="vertical-align: top; padding-left: 12pt; font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-indent: -12pt"><font style="font-size: 10pt">WHERE YOU CAN FIND MORE INFORMATION</font></td>
    <td style="vertical-align: bottom; font-size: 7.5pt; line-height: 115%">&nbsp;</td>
    <td style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">23</font></td></tr>
<tr>
    <td style="font-size: 11pt; line-height: 115%">&nbsp;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="font-size: 11pt; line-height: 115%">&nbsp;</td></tr>
<tr>
    <td style="vertical-align: top; padding-left: 12pt; font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-indent: -12pt"><font style="font-size: 10pt">EXPERTS</font></td>
    <td style="vertical-align: bottom; font-size: 7.5pt; line-height: 115%">&nbsp;</td>
    <td style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">24</font></td></tr>
<tr>
    <td style="font-size: 11pt; line-height: 115%">&nbsp;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="font-size: 11pt; line-height: 115%">&nbsp;</td></tr>
<tr>
    <td style="vertical-align: top; padding-left: 12pt; font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-indent: -12pt"><font style="font-size: 10pt">LEGAL MATTERS</font></td>
    <td style="vertical-align: bottom; font-size: 7.5pt; line-height: 115%">&nbsp;</td>
    <td style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">24</font></td></tr>
</table>
<P STYLE="font: 7.5pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>


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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-indent: 0.5in"><I>Unless the context otherwise requires, all
references to &ldquo;Solitario,&rdquo; &ldquo;the Company,&rdquo; &ldquo;we,&rdquo; &ldquo;our,&rdquo; &ldquo;us&rdquo; or &ldquo;our
company&rdquo; in this prospectus refer to Solitario Exploration &amp; Royalty Corp., a Colorado corporation. </I></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0.25in 0 0; text-align: center"><B>ABOUT THIS PROSPECTUS </B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 9pt 0 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">This prospectus
is part of a registration statement filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission (the &ldquo;SEC&rdquo;), utilizing a shelf
registration process. Under this shelf registration process, we may sell any combination of the securities described in this prospectus,
either individually or in units, in one or more offerings, up to a total dollar amount of $75,000,000.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 9pt 0 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">This prospectus
provides you with a general description of the securities we may offer. Each time we sell securities, we will provide a prospectus
supplement that will contain specific information about the terms of that specific offering. The prospectus supplement may also
add, update or change information contained in this prospectus. You should read this prospectus and the applicable prospectus supplement
together with the additional information described under the heading &ldquo;Where You Can Find More Information.&rdquo;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0.25in 0 0; text-align: center"><B>ABOUT SOLITARIO EXPLORATION &amp;
ROYALTY CORP. </B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: center">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">Solitario is a development
stage company (prior to February 22, 2012 we were an exploration stage company) with a focus on developing the Mt. Hamilton gold
project, the acquisition of precious and base metal properties with exploration potential, and the development or purchase of royalty
interests. We acquire and hold a portfolio of exploration properties for future sale, joint venture, or to create a royalty prior
to the establishment of proven and probable reserves.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">In August 2010 we signed
a Letter of Intent related to the Mt. Hamilton project and in December 2010 we signed a Limited Liability Company Operating Agreement
(&ldquo;MH Agreement&rdquo;) to form Mt. Hamilton LLC (&ldquo;MH-LLC&rdquo;). Furthermore, we announced on February 22, 2012 the
completion of a feasibility study on our Mt. Hamilton project (the &ldquo;Feasibility Study&rdquo;), prepared by SRK Consulting
(US), Inc. of Lakewood, Colorado (&ldquo;SRK&rdquo;). As a result of the completion of the Feasibility Study, we earned an 80%
interest in MH-LLC, the 100% owner of the Mt. Hamilton project, and we intend to develop the Mt. Hamilton project, subject to a
number of factors including obtaining necessary permits and availability of required development financing capital, none of which
is currently in place. The Mt. Hamilton project is located in Nevada. However, we have never developed a mineral property. We are
exploring on other mineral properties that may be developed in the future by us or through a joint venture. We may also evaluate
mineral properties to potentially buy a royalty.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">We have been actively involved
in mineral exploration since 1993. During 2013 and 2012, we have recorded revenues from joint venture delay rental payments of
$200,000 for each of 2013 and 2012 related to our Bongar&aacute; project in Peru and recorded $100,000 of delay rental payment
revenue for each of 2013 and 2012 related to our Mercurio project in Brazil. In June 2012 MH-LLC sold a royalty interest in our
Mt. Hamilton project to Sandstorm Gold Ltd. (&ldquo;Sandstorm&rdquo;) for $10,000,000 of which $6,000,000 was paid in June 2012
and $4,000,000 was paid in January 2013. Previously, our last significant revenues were recorded in 2000 upon the sale of our Yanacocha
property for $6,000,000. Future revenues from the sale of properties, if any, will also occur on an infrequent basis. At December
31, 2013, in addition to our Mt. Hamilton Project, we had six mineral exploration properties in Peru and Mexico and our Yanacocha
royalty property in Peru and our Mercurio royalty property in Brazil. We are conducting limited exploration activities in all of
those countries either on our own using contract geologists, or through joint ventures operated by our partners.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 13.5pt 0 0; text-align: justify"><B>Corporate Information </B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 4.5pt 0 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">We were incorporated
in Colorado on November 15, 1984 under the name Solitario Resources Corporation as a wholly-owned subsidiary of Crown Resources
Corporation, or Crown. On June 12, 2008, our shareholders approved an amendment to the Articles of Incorporation to change our
name from Solitario Resources Corporation to Solitario Exploration &amp; Royalty Corp. In July 1994, Solitario became a publicly
traded company on the Toronto Stock Exchange through its Initial Public Offering. On July 26, 2004, Crown completed a spin-off
of its holdings of our shares to its shareholders as part of the acquisition of Crown by Kinross Gold Corporation. Our website
address is www.Solitarioresources.com. The information contained in, or that can be accessed through, our website is not incorporated
by reference into this prospectus and is not part of this prospectus.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 9pt 0 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">Our common stock
is listed on the NYSE MKT under the symbol &ldquo;XPL&rdquo; and on the Toronto Stock Exchange under the symbol &ldquo;SLR.&rdquo;
Our principal executive offices are located at 4251 Kipling Street, Suite 390, Wheat Ridge, Colorado 80033. Our telephone number
is (303)&nbsp;534-1030.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 7.5pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"></P>

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<P STYLE="font: 7.5pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: center"><B>RISK FACTORS</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 9pt 0 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">Investing in our
securities involves a high degree of risk. Please see the risk factors under the heading &ldquo;Risk Factors&rdquo; in our Annual
Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December&nbsp;31, 2013, on file with the SEC, which are incorporated by reference into this
prospectus. Before you invest in our securities, you should carefully consider these risks as well as other information we include
or incorporate by reference into this prospectus and the applicable prospectus supplement. The risks and uncertainties we have
described are not the only ones facing our company. Additional risks and uncertainties not presently known to us or that we currently
deem immaterial may also affect our business operations. The occurrence of any of these risks might cause you to lose all or part
of your investment in the offered securities. The discussion of risks includes or refers to forward-looking statements; you should
read the explanation of the qualifications and limitations on such forward-looking statements discussed elsewhere in this prospectus.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0.25in 0 0; text-align: center"><B>FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 9pt 0 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">This prospectus
contains forward-looking statements within the meaning of the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995 that involve risks
and uncertainties, as well as assumptions that, if they never materialize or prove incorrect, could cause our results to differ
materially from those expressed or implied by such forward-looking statements. All statements other than statements of historical
fact are statements that could be deemed forward-looking statements, including any projections of financing needs, revenue, expenses,
earnings or losses from operations, or other financial items; any statements of the plans, strategies and objectives of management
for future operations; any statements concerning exploration and development plans and timelines; any statements of expectation
or belief; and any statements of assumptions underlying any of the foregoing. In addition, forward looking statements may contain
the words &ldquo;believe,&rdquo; &ldquo;anticipate,&rdquo; &ldquo;expect,&rdquo; &ldquo;estimate,&rdquo; &ldquo;intend,&rdquo;
&ldquo;plan,&rdquo; &ldquo;project,&rdquo; &ldquo;will be,&rdquo; &ldquo;will continue,&rdquo; &ldquo;will result,&rdquo; &ldquo;seek,&rdquo;
&ldquo;could,&rdquo; &ldquo;may,&rdquo; &ldquo;might,&rdquo; or any variations of such words or other words with similar meanings.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 9pt 0 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">The forward-looking
statements included in this prospectus represent our estimates as of the date of this prospectus. We specifically disclaim any
obligation to update these forward-looking statements in the future, except as required by law. These forward-looking statements
should not be relied upon as representing our estimates or views as of any date subsequent to the date of this prospectus.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 7.5pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: center"><B>RATIOS OF EARNINGS TO FIXED CHARGES</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 9pt 0 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">If we offer debt
securities and/or preference equity securities under this prospectus, then we will, at that time, and if required by the rules
promulgated by the Securities and Exchange Commission, provide a ratio of earnings to fixed charges and/or ratio of combined fixed
charges and preference dividends to earnings, respectively, in the applicable prospectus supplement for such offering.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 7.5pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: center"><B>HOW WE INTEND TO</B> <B>USE THE PROCEEDS</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 9pt 0 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">Unless otherwise
provided in the applicable prospectus supplement, we intend to use the net proceeds from the sale of the securities under this
prospectus to fund exploration and development of our mineral properties, to repay any outstanding indebtedness and for general
corporate purposes, including capital expenditures and working capital. We may use a portion of our net proceeds to invest in or
acquire additional mineral properties or royalty interests. We will set forth in the prospectus supplement our intended use for
the net proceeds received from the sale of any securities. Pending the application of the net proceeds, we intend to invest the
net proceeds in investment-grade, interest-bearing securities.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 7.5pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: center"><B>DESCRIPTION OF THE SECURITIES </B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-indent: 0.5in">We may offer, from time to time, in one or
more offerings, up to $75,000,000 of the following securities:</P>

<P STYLE="font: 4.5pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>

<table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse; font-family: Calibri, Helvetica, Sans-Serif">
<tr>
    <td style="width: 5%; font-size: 7.5pt; line-height: 115%">&nbsp;</td>
    <td style="vertical-align: top; width: 2%; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&bull;</font></td>
    <td style="vertical-align: top; width: 1%; font-size: 7.5pt; line-height: 115%">&nbsp;</td>
    <td style="vertical-align: top; font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><font style="font-size: 10pt">senior debt securities; </font></td></tr>
</table>
<P STYLE="font: 4.5pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>

<table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse; font-family: Calibri, Helvetica, Sans-Serif">
<tr>
    <td style="width: 5%; font-size: 7.5pt; line-height: 115%">&nbsp;</td>
    <td style="vertical-align: top; width: 2%; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&bull;</font></td>
    <td style="vertical-align: top; width: 1%; font-size: 7.5pt; line-height: 115%">&nbsp;</td>
    <td style="vertical-align: top; font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><font style="font-size: 10pt">subordinated debt securities; </font></td></tr>
</table>
<P STYLE="font: 4.5pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>

<table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse; font-family: Calibri, Helvetica, Sans-Serif">
<tr>
    <td style="width: 5%; font-size: 7.5pt; line-height: 115%">&nbsp;</td>
    <td style="vertical-align: top; width: 2%; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&bull;</font></td>
    <td style="vertical-align: top; width: 1%; font-size: 7.5pt; line-height: 115%">&nbsp;</td>
    <td style="vertical-align: top; font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><font style="font-size: 10pt">preferred stock; </font></td></tr>
</table>
<P STYLE="font: 4.5pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>

<table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse; font-family: Calibri, Helvetica, Sans-Serif">
<tr>
    <td style="width: 5%; font-size: 7.5pt; line-height: 115%">&nbsp;</td>
    <td style="vertical-align: top; width: 2%; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&bull;</font></td>
    <td style="vertical-align: top; width: 1%; font-size: 7.5pt; line-height: 115%">&nbsp;</td>
    <td style="vertical-align: top; font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><font style="font-size: 10pt">common stock; </font></td></tr>
</table>
<P STYLE="font: 4.5pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>

<table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse; font-family: Calibri, Helvetica, Sans-Serif">
<tr>
    <td style="width: 5%; font-size: 7.5pt; line-height: 115%">&nbsp;</td>
    <td style="vertical-align: top; width: 2%; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&bull;</font></td>
    <td style="vertical-align: top; width: 1%; font-size: 7.5pt; line-height: 115%">&nbsp;</td>
    <td style="vertical-align: top; font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><font style="font-size: 10pt">warrants; </font></td></tr>
</table>
<P STYLE="font: 4.5pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>

<table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse; font-family: Calibri, Helvetica, Sans-Serif">
<tr>
    <td style="width: 5%; font-size: 7.5pt; line-height: 115%">&nbsp;</td>
    <td style="vertical-align: top; width: 2%; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&bull;</font></td>
    <td style="vertical-align: top; width: 1%; font-size: 7.5pt; line-height: 115%">&nbsp;</td>
    <td style="vertical-align: top; font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><font style="font-size: 10pt">units; or </font></td></tr>
</table>
<P STYLE="font: 4.5pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>

<table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse; font-family: Calibri, Helvetica, Sans-Serif">
<tr>
    <td style="width: 5%; font-size: 7.5pt; line-height: 115%">&nbsp;</td>
    <td style="vertical-align: top; width: 2%; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&bull;</font></td>
    <td style="vertical-align: top; width: 1%; font-size: 7.5pt; line-height: 115%">&nbsp;</td>
    <td style="vertical-align: top; font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><font style="font-size: 10pt">any combination of the foregoing securities. </font></td></tr>
</table>
<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 9pt 0 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 9pt 0 0; text-align: justify"></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 9pt 0 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">The aggregate initial
offering price of the offered securities that we may issue will not exceed $75,000,000. If we issue debt securities at a discount
from their principal amount, then, for purposes of calculating the aggregate initial offering price of the offered securities issued
under this prospectus, we will include only the initial offering price of the debt securities and not the principal amount of the
debt securities.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 9pt 0 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">This prospectus
contains a summary of the general terms of the various securities that we may offer. The prospectus supplement relating to any
particular securities offered will describe the specific terms of the securities, which may be in addition to or different from
the general terms summarized in this prospectus. Because the summary in this prospectus and in any prospectus supplement does not
contain all of the information that you may find useful, you should read the documents relating to the securities that are described
in this prospectus or in any applicable prospectus supplement. Please read &ldquo;Where You Can Find More Information&rdquo; to
find out how you can obtain a copy of those documents.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 9pt 0 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">The applicable prospectus
supplement will also contain the terms of a given offering, the initial offering price and our net proceeds. Where applicable,
a prospectus supplement will also describe any material United States federal income tax consequences relating to the securities
offered and indicate whether the securities offered are or will be quoted or listed on any quotation system or securities exchange.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 7.5pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: center">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: center"><B>DESCRIPTION OF DEBT SECURITIES </B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 9pt 0 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">This prospectus
describes the general terms and provisions of the debt securities we may issue. When we offer to sell a particular series of debt
securities, we will describe the specific terms of the securities in a supplement to this prospectus, including any additional
covenants or changes to existing covenants relating to such series. The prospectus supplement also will indicate whether the general
terms and provisions described in this prospectus apply to a particular series of debt securities. You should read the actual indenture
if you do not fully understand a term or the way we use it in this prospectus.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 9pt 0 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">We may offer senior
or subordinated debt securities. Each series of debt securities may have different terms. The senior debt securities will be issued
under one or more senior indentures, dated as of a date prior to such issuance, between us and the trustee identified in the applicable
prospectus supplement, as amended or supplemented from time to time. We will refer to any such indenture throughout this prospectus
as the &ldquo;senior indenture.&rdquo; Any subordinated debt securities will be issued under one or more separate indentures, dated
as of a date prior to such issuance, between us and the trustee identified in the applicable prospectus supplement, as amended
or supplemented from time to time. We will refer to any such indenture throughout this prospectus as the &ldquo;subordinated indenture&rdquo;
and to the trustee under the senior or subordinated indenture as the &ldquo;trustee.&rdquo; The senior indenture and the subordinated
indenture are sometimes collectively referred to in this prospectus as the &ldquo;indentures.&rdquo; The indentures will be subject
to and governed by the Trust Indenture Act of 1939, as amended. We included copies of the forms of the indentures as exhibits to
our registration statement and they are incorporated into this prospectus by reference.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 9pt 0 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">If we issue debt
securities at a discount from their principal amount, then, for purposes of calculating the aggregate initial offering price of
the offered securities issued under this prospectus, we will include only the initial offering price of the debt securities and
not the principal amount of the debt securities.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 9pt 0 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">We have summarized
below the material provisions of the indentures and the debt securities, or indicated which material provisions will be described
in the related prospectus supplement. The prospectus supplement relating to any particular securities offered will describe the
specific terms of the securities, which may be in addition to or different from the general terms summarized in this prospectus.
Because the summary in this prospectus and in any prospectus supplement does not contain all of the information that you may find
useful, you should read the documents relating to the securities that are described in this prospectus or in any applicable prospectus
supplement. Please read &ldquo;Where You Can Find More Information&rdquo; to find out how you can obtain a copy of those documents.
Except as otherwise indicated, the terms of the indentures are identical. As used under this caption, the term &ldquo;debt securities&rdquo;
includes the debt securities being offered by this prospectus and all other debt securities issued by us under the indentures.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 13.5pt 0 0; text-align: justify"><B>General </B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">The indentures:</P>

<P STYLE="font: 4.5pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse; font-family: Calibri, Helvetica, Sans-Serif">
<tr>
    <td style="width: 5%; text-align: justify; font-size: 7.5pt; line-height: 115%">&nbsp;</td>
    <td style="vertical-align: top; width: 2%; text-align: justify; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&bull;</font></td>
    <td style="vertical-align: top; width: 1%; text-align: justify; font-size: 7.5pt; line-height: 115%">&nbsp;</td>
    <td style="vertical-align: top; font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><font style="font-size: 10pt">do not limit the amount of debt securities that we may issue; </font></td></tr>
</table>
<P STYLE="font: 4.5pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse; font-family: Calibri, Helvetica, Sans-Serif">
<tr>
    <td style="width: 5%; text-align: justify; font-size: 7.5pt; line-height: 115%">&nbsp;</td>
    <td style="vertical-align: top; width: 2%; text-align: justify; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&bull;</font></td>
    <td style="vertical-align: top; width: 1%; text-align: justify; font-size: 7.5pt; line-height: 115%">&nbsp;</td>
    <td style="vertical-align: top; font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><font style="font-size: 10pt">allow us to issue debt securities in one or more series; </font></td></tr>
</table>
<P STYLE="font: 4.5pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse; font-family: Calibri, Helvetica, Sans-Serif">
<tr>
    <td style="width: 5%; text-align: justify; font-size: 7.5pt; line-height: 115%">&nbsp;</td>
    <td style="vertical-align: top; width: 2%; text-align: justify; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&bull;</font></td>
    <td style="vertical-align: top; width: 1%; text-align: justify; font-size: 7.5pt; line-height: 115%">&nbsp;</td>
    <td style="vertical-align: top; font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><font style="font-size: 10pt">do not require us to issue all of the debt securities of a series at the same time; </font></td></tr>
</table>
<P STYLE="font: 4.5pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

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<P STYLE="font: 4.5pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"></P>

<table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse; font-family: Calibri, Helvetica, Sans-Serif">
<tr>
    <td style="width: 5%; text-align: justify; font-size: 7.5pt; line-height: 115%">&nbsp;</td>
    <td style="vertical-align: top; width: 2%; text-align: justify; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&bull;</font></td>
    <td style="vertical-align: top; width: 1%; text-align: justify; font-size: 7.5pt; line-height: 115%">&nbsp;</td>
    <td style="vertical-align: top; font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><font style="font-size: 10pt">allow us to reopen a series to issue additional debt securities without the consent of the holders of the debt securities of such series; and </font></td></tr>
</table>
<P STYLE="font: 4.5pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse; font-family: Calibri, Helvetica, Sans-Serif">
<tr>
    <td style="width: 5%; text-align: justify; font-size: 7.5pt; line-height: 115%">&nbsp;</td>
    <td style="vertical-align: top; width: 2%; text-align: justify; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&bull;</font></td>
    <td style="vertical-align: top; width: 1%; text-align: justify; font-size: 7.5pt; line-height: 115%">&nbsp;</td>
    <td style="vertical-align: top; font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><font style="font-size: 10pt">provide that the debt securities will be unsecured, except as may be set forth in the applicable prospectus supplement. </font></td></tr>
</table>
<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 9pt 0 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">Unless otherwise
set forth in the applicable prospectus supplement, the senior debt securities will be unsubordinated obligations and will rank
equally with all of our other unsecured and unsubordinated indebtedness. Payments on the subordinated debt securities will be subordinated
to the prior payment in full of all of our senior indebtedness, as described under &ldquo;Description of the Debt Securities&mdash;Subordination&rdquo;
and in the applicable prospectus supplement.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 9pt 0 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">Each indenture provides
that we may, but need not, designate more than one trustee under an indenture. Any trustee under an indenture may resign or be
removed and a successor trustee may be appointed to act with respect to the series of debt securities administered by the resigning
or removed trustee. If two or more persons are acting as trustee with respect to different series of debt securities, each trustee
shall be a trustee of a trust under the applicable indenture separate and apart from the trust administered by any other trustee.
Except as otherwise indicated in this prospectus, any action described in this prospectus to be taken by each trustee may be taken
by each trustee with respect to, and only with respect to, the one or more series of debt securities for which it is trustee under
the applicable indenture.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 9pt 0 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">The prospectus supplement
for each offering will provide the following terms, where applicable:</P>

<P STYLE="font: 4.5pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse; font-family: Calibri, Helvetica, Sans-Serif">
<tr>
    <td style="width: 5%; text-align: justify; font-size: 7.5pt; line-height: 115%">&nbsp;</td>
    <td style="vertical-align: top; width: 2%; text-align: justify; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%"><font style="font: 10pt/115% Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&bull;</font></td>
    <td style="vertical-align: top; width: 1%; text-align: justify; font-size: 7.5pt; line-height: 115%">&nbsp;</td>
    <td style="vertical-align: top; font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><font style="font-size: 10pt">the title of the debt securities and whether they are senior or subordinated; </font></td></tr>
</table>
<P STYLE="font: 4.5pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse; font-family: Calibri, Helvetica, Sans-Serif">
<tr>
    <td style="width: 5%; text-align: justify; font-size: 7.5pt; line-height: 115%">&nbsp;</td>
    <td style="vertical-align: top; width: 2%; text-align: justify; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%"><font style="font: 10pt/115% Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&bull;</font></td>
    <td style="vertical-align: top; width: 1%; text-align: justify; font-size: 7.5pt; line-height: 115%">&nbsp;</td>
    <td style="vertical-align: top; font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><font style="font-size: 10pt">the aggregate principal amount of the debt securities being offered, the aggregate principal amount of the debt securities outstanding as of the most recent practicable date and any limit on their aggregate principal amount, including the aggregate principal amount of debt securities authorized; </font></td></tr>
</table>
<P STYLE="font: 4.5pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse; font-family: Calibri, Helvetica, Sans-Serif">
<tr>
    <td style="width: 5%; text-align: justify; font-size: 7.5pt; line-height: 115%">&nbsp;</td>
    <td style="vertical-align: top; width: 2%; text-align: justify; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%"><font style="font: 10pt/115% Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&bull;</font></td>
    <td style="vertical-align: top; width: 1%; text-align: justify; font-size: 7.5pt; line-height: 115%">&nbsp;</td>
    <td style="vertical-align: top; font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><font style="font-size: 10pt">the price at which the debt securities will be issued, expressed as a percentage of the principal and, if other than the principal amount thereof, the portion of the principal amount thereof payable upon declaration of acceleration of the maturity thereof or, if applicable, the portion of the principal amount of such debt securities that is convertible into common stock or preferred stock or the method by which any such portion shall be determined; </font></td></tr>
</table>
<P STYLE="font: 4.5pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse; font-family: Calibri, Helvetica, Sans-Serif">
<tr>
    <td style="width: 5%; text-align: justify; font-size: 7.5pt; line-height: 115%">&nbsp;</td>
    <td style="vertical-align: top; width: 2%; text-align: justify; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%"><font style="font: 10pt/115% Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&bull;</font></td>
    <td style="vertical-align: top; width: 1%; text-align: justify; font-size: 7.5pt; line-height: 115%">&nbsp;</td>
    <td style="vertical-align: top; font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><font style="font-size: 10pt">if convertible, the terms on which such debt securities are convertible, including the initial conversion price or rate and the conversion period and any applicable limitations on the ownership or transferability of common stock or preferred stock received on conversion; </font></td></tr>
</table>
<P STYLE="font: 4.5pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse; font-family: Calibri, Helvetica, Sans-Serif">
<tr>
    <td style="width: 5%; text-align: justify; font-size: 7.5pt; line-height: 115%">&nbsp;</td>
    <td style="vertical-align: top; width: 2%; text-align: justify; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%"><font style="font: 10pt/115% Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&bull;</font></td>
    <td style="vertical-align: top; width: 1%; text-align: justify; font-size: 7.5pt; line-height: 115%">&nbsp;</td>
    <td style="vertical-align: top; font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><font style="font-size: 10pt">the date or dates, or the method for determining the date or dates, on which the principal of the debt securities will be payable; </font></td></tr>
</table>
<P STYLE="font: 4.5pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse; font-family: Calibri, Helvetica, Sans-Serif">
<tr>
    <td style="width: 5%; text-align: justify; font-size: 7.5pt; line-height: 115%">&nbsp;</td>
    <td style="vertical-align: top; width: 2%; text-align: justify; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%"><font style="font: 10pt/115% Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&bull;</font></td>
    <td style="vertical-align: top; width: 1%; text-align: justify; font-size: 7.5pt; line-height: 115%">&nbsp;</td>
    <td style="vertical-align: top; font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><font style="font-size: 10pt">the fixed or variable interest rate or rates of the debt securities, or the method by which the interest rate or rates is determined; </font></td></tr>
</table>
<P STYLE="font: 4.5pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse; font-family: Calibri, Helvetica, Sans-Serif">
<tr>
    <td style="width: 5%; text-align: justify; font-size: 7.5pt; line-height: 115%">&nbsp;</td>
    <td style="vertical-align: top; width: 2%; text-align: justify; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%"><font style="font: 10pt/115% Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&bull;</font></td>
    <td style="vertical-align: top; width: 1%; text-align: justify; font-size: 7.5pt; line-height: 115%">&nbsp;</td>
    <td style="vertical-align: top; font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><font style="font-size: 10pt">the date or dates, or the method for determining the date or dates, from which interest will accrue; </font></td></tr>
</table>
<P STYLE="font: 4.5pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse; font-family: Calibri, Helvetica, Sans-Serif">
<tr>
    <td style="width: 5%; text-align: justify; font-size: 7.5pt; line-height: 115%">&nbsp;</td>
    <td style="vertical-align: top; width: 2%; text-align: justify; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%"><font style="font: 10pt/115% Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&bull;</font></td>
    <td style="vertical-align: top; width: 1%; text-align: justify; font-size: 7.5pt; line-height: 115%">&nbsp;</td>
    <td style="vertical-align: top; font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><font style="font-size: 10pt">the dates on which interest will be payable; </font></td></tr>
</table>
<P STYLE="font: 4.5pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse; font-family: Calibri, Helvetica, Sans-Serif">
<tr>
    <td style="width: 5%; text-align: justify; font-size: 7.5pt; line-height: 115%">&nbsp;</td>
    <td style="vertical-align: top; width: 2%; text-align: justify; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%"><font style="font: 10pt/115% Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&bull;</font></td>
    <td style="vertical-align: top; width: 1%; text-align: justify; font-size: 7.5pt; line-height: 115%">&nbsp;</td>
    <td style="vertical-align: top; font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><font style="font-size: 10pt">the record dates for interest payment dates, or the method by which we will determine those dates; </font></td></tr>
</table>
<P STYLE="font: 4.5pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse; font-family: Calibri, Helvetica, Sans-Serif">
<tr>
    <td style="width: 5%; text-align: justify; font-size: 7.5pt; line-height: 115%">&nbsp;</td>
    <td style="vertical-align: top; width: 2%; text-align: justify; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%"><font style="font: 10pt/115% Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&bull;</font></td>
    <td style="vertical-align: top; width: 1%; text-align: justify; font-size: 7.5pt; line-height: 115%">&nbsp;</td>
    <td style="vertical-align: top; font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><font style="font-size: 10pt">the persons to whom interest will be payable; </font></td></tr>
</table>
<P STYLE="font: 4.5pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse; font-family: Calibri, Helvetica, Sans-Serif">
<tr>
    <td style="width: 5%; text-align: justify; font-size: 7.5pt; line-height: 115%">&nbsp;</td>
    <td style="vertical-align: top; width: 2%; text-align: justify; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%"><font style="font: 10pt/115% Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&bull;</font></td>
    <td style="vertical-align: top; width: 1%; text-align: justify; font-size: 7.5pt; line-height: 115%">&nbsp;</td>
    <td style="vertical-align: top; font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><font style="font-size: 10pt">the basis upon which interest will be calculated if other than that of a 360-day year of twelve 30-day months; </font></td></tr>
</table>
<P STYLE="font: 4.5pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse; font-family: Calibri, Helvetica, Sans-Serif">
<tr>
    <td style="width: 5%; text-align: justify; font-size: 7.5pt; line-height: 115%">&nbsp;</td>
    <td style="vertical-align: top; width: 2%; text-align: justify; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%"><font style="font: 10pt/115% Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&bull;</font></td>
    <td style="vertical-align: top; width: 1%; text-align: justify; font-size: 7.5pt; line-height: 115%">&nbsp;</td>
    <td style="vertical-align: top; font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><font style="font-size: 10pt">any make-whole amount, which is the amount in addition to principal and interest that is required to be paid to the holder of a debt security as a result of any optional redemption or accelerated payment of such debt security, or the method for determining the make-whole amount; </font></td></tr>
</table>
<P STYLE="font: 4.5pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse; font-family: Calibri, Helvetica, Sans-Serif">
<tr>
    <td style="width: 5%; text-align: justify; font-size: 7.5pt; line-height: 115%">&nbsp;</td>
    <td style="vertical-align: top; width: 2%; text-align: justify; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%"><font style="font: 10pt/115% Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&bull;</font></td>
    <td style="vertical-align: top; width: 1%; text-align: justify; font-size: 7.5pt; line-height: 115%">&nbsp;</td>
    <td style="vertical-align: top; font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><font style="font-size: 10pt">the place or places where the principal of, and any premium, or make-whole amount, and interest on, the debt securities will be payable; </font></td></tr>
</table>
<P STYLE="font: 4.5pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse; font-family: Calibri, Helvetica, Sans-Serif">
<tr>
    <td style="width: 5%; text-align: justify; font-size: 7.5pt; line-height: 115%">&nbsp;</td>
    <td style="vertical-align: top; width: 2%; text-align: justify; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%"><font style="font: 10pt/115% Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&bull;</font></td>
    <td style="vertical-align: top; width: 1%; text-align: justify; font-size: 7.5pt; line-height: 115%">&nbsp;</td>
    <td style="vertical-align: top; font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><font style="font-size: 10pt">where the debt securities may be surrendered for registration of transfer or conversion or exchange; </font></td></tr>
</table>
<P STYLE="font: 4.5pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse; font-family: Calibri, Helvetica, Sans-Serif">
<tr>
    <td style="width: 5%; text-align: justify; font-size: 7.5pt; line-height: 115%">&nbsp;</td>
    <td style="vertical-align: top; width: 2%; text-align: justify; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%"><font style="font: 10pt/115% Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&bull;</font></td>
    <td style="vertical-align: top; width: 1%; text-align: justify; font-size: 7.5pt; line-height: 115%">&nbsp;</td>
    <td style="vertical-align: top; font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><font style="font-size: 10pt">where notices or demands to or upon us in respect of the debt securities and the applicable indenture may be served; </font></td></tr>
</table>
<P STYLE="font: 4.5pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse; font-family: Calibri, Helvetica, Sans-Serif">
<tr>
    <td style="width: 5%; text-align: justify; font-size: 7.5pt; line-height: 115%">&nbsp;</td>
    <td style="vertical-align: top; width: 2%; text-align: justify; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%"><font style="font: 10pt/115% Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&bull;</font></td>
    <td style="vertical-align: top; width: 1%; text-align: justify; font-size: 7.5pt; line-height: 115%">&nbsp;</td>
    <td style="vertical-align: top; font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><font style="font-size: 10pt">the times, prices and other terms and conditions upon which we may redeem the debt securities;</font></td></tr>
</table>
<P STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

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<P STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"></P>

<table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse; font-family: Calibri, Helvetica, Sans-Serif">
<tr>
    <td style="width: 5%; text-align: justify; font-size: 7.5pt; line-height: 115%">&nbsp;</td>
    <td style="vertical-align: top; width: 2%; text-align: justify; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%"><font style="font: 10pt/115% Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&bull;</font></td>
    <td style="vertical-align: top; width: 1%; text-align: justify; font-size: 7.5pt; line-height: 115%">&nbsp;</td>
    <td style="vertical-align: top; font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><font style="font-size: 10pt">any obligation we have to redeem, repay or purchase the debt securities pursuant to any sinking fund or analogous provision or at the option of holders of the debt securities, and the times and prices at which we must redeem, repay or purchase the debt securities as a result of such an obligation; </font></td></tr>
</table>
<P STYLE="font: 4.5pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse; font-family: Calibri, Helvetica, Sans-Serif">
<tr>
    <td style="width: 5%; text-align: justify; font-size: 7.5pt; line-height: 115%">&nbsp;</td>
    <td style="vertical-align: top; width: 2%; text-align: justify; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%"><font style="font: 10pt/115% Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&bull;</font></td>
    <td style="vertical-align: top; width: 1%; text-align: justify; font-size: 7.5pt; line-height: 115%">&nbsp;</td>
    <td style="vertical-align: top; font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><font style="font-size: 10pt">the currency or currencies in which the debt securities are denominated and payable if other than United States dollars, which may be a foreign currency or units of two or more foreign currencies or a composite currency or currencies and the terms and conditions relating thereto, and the manner of determining the equivalent of such foreign currency in United States dollars; </font></td></tr>
</table>
<P STYLE="font: 4.5pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse; font-family: Calibri, Helvetica, Sans-Serif">
<tr>
    <td style="width: 5%; text-align: justify; font-size: 7.5pt; line-height: 115%">&nbsp;</td>
    <td style="vertical-align: top; width: 2%; text-align: justify; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%"><font style="font: 10pt/115% Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&bull;</font></td>
    <td style="vertical-align: top; width: 1%; text-align: justify; font-size: 7.5pt; line-height: 115%">&nbsp;</td>
    <td style="vertical-align: top; font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><font style="font-size: 10pt">whether the principal of, and any premium, or make-whole amount, or interest on, the debt securities of the series are to be payable, at our election or at the election of a holder, in a currency or currencies other than that in which the debt securities are denominated or stated to be payable, and other related terms and conditions; </font></td></tr>
</table>
<P STYLE="font: 4.5pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse; font-family: Calibri, Helvetica, Sans-Serif">
<tr>
    <td style="width: 5%; text-align: justify; font-size: 7.5pt; line-height: 115%">&nbsp;</td>
    <td style="vertical-align: top; width: 2%; text-align: justify; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%"><font style="font: 10pt/115% Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&bull;</font></td>
    <td style="vertical-align: top; width: 1%; text-align: justify; font-size: 7.5pt; line-height: 115%">&nbsp;</td>
    <td style="vertical-align: top; font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><font style="font-size: 10pt">whether the amount of payments of principal of, and any premium, or make-whole amount, or interest on, the debt securities may be determined according to an index, formula or other method and how such amounts will be determined; </font></td></tr>
</table>
<P STYLE="font: 4.5pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse; font-family: Calibri, Helvetica, Sans-Serif">
<tr>
    <td style="width: 5%; text-align: justify; font-size: 7.5pt; line-height: 115%">&nbsp;</td>
    <td style="vertical-align: top; width: 2%; text-align: justify; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%"><font style="font: 10pt/115% Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&bull;</font></td>
    <td style="vertical-align: top; width: 1%; text-align: justify; font-size: 7.5pt; line-height: 115%">&nbsp;</td>
    <td style="vertical-align: top; font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><font style="font-size: 10pt">whether the debt securities will be in registered form, bearer form or both and (1)&nbsp;if in registered form, the person to whom any interest shall be payable, if other than the person in whose name the security is registered at the close of business on the regular record date for such interest, or (2)&nbsp;if in bearer form, the manner in which, or the person to whom, any interest on the security shall be payable if otherwise than upon presentation and surrender upon maturity; </font></td></tr>
</table>
<P STYLE="font: 4.5pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse; font-family: Calibri, Helvetica, Sans-Serif">
<tr>
    <td style="width: 5%; text-align: justify; font-size: 7.5pt; line-height: 115%">&nbsp;</td>
    <td style="vertical-align: top; width: 2%; text-align: justify; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%"><font style="font: 10pt/115% Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&bull;</font></td>
    <td style="vertical-align: top; width: 1%; text-align: justify; font-size: 7.5pt; line-height: 115%">&nbsp;</td>
    <td style="vertical-align: top; font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><font style="font-size: 10pt">any restrictions applicable to the offer, sale or delivery of securities in bearer form and the terms upon which securities in bearer form of the series may be exchanged for securities in registered form of the series and vice versa if permitted by applicable laws and regulations; </font></td></tr>
</table>
<P STYLE="font: 4.5pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse; font-family: Calibri, Helvetica, Sans-Serif">
<tr>
    <td style="width: 5%; text-align: justify; font-size: 7.5pt; line-height: 115%">&nbsp;</td>
    <td style="vertical-align: top; width: 2%; text-align: justify; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%"><font style="font: 10pt/115% Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&bull;</font></td>
    <td style="vertical-align: top; width: 1%; text-align: justify; font-size: 7.5pt; line-height: 115%">&nbsp;</td>
    <td style="vertical-align: top; font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><font style="font-size: 10pt">whether any debt securities of the series are to be issuable initially in temporary global form and whether any debt securities of the series are to be issuable in permanent global form with or without coupons and, if so, whether beneficial owners of interests in any such permanent global security may or shall be required to exchange their interests for other debt securities of the series, and the manner in which interest shall be paid; </font></td></tr>
</table>
<P STYLE="font: 4.5pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse; font-family: Calibri, Helvetica, Sans-Serif">
<tr>
    <td style="width: 5%; text-align: justify; font-size: 7.5pt; line-height: 115%">&nbsp;</td>
    <td style="vertical-align: top; width: 2%; text-align: justify; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%"><font style="font: 10pt/115% Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&bull;</font></td>
    <td style="vertical-align: top; width: 1%; text-align: justify; font-size: 7.5pt; line-height: 115%">&nbsp;</td>
    <td style="vertical-align: top; font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><font style="font-size: 10pt">the identity of the depositary for securities in registered form, if such series are to be issuable as a global security; </font></td></tr>
</table>
<P STYLE="font: 4.5pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse; font-family: Calibri, Helvetica, Sans-Serif">
<tr>
    <td style="width: 5%; text-align: justify; font-size: 7.5pt; line-height: 115%">&nbsp;</td>
    <td style="vertical-align: top; width: 2%; text-align: justify; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%"><font style="font: 10pt/115% Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&bull;</font></td>
    <td style="vertical-align: top; width: 1%; text-align: justify; font-size: 7.5pt; line-height: 115%">&nbsp;</td>
    <td style="vertical-align: top; font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><font style="font-size: 10pt">the date as of which any debt securities in bearer form or in temporary global form shall be dated if other than the original issuance date of the first security of the series to be issued; </font></td></tr>
</table>
<P STYLE="font: 4.5pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse; font-family: Calibri, Helvetica, Sans-Serif">
<tr>
    <td style="width: 5%; text-align: justify; font-size: 7.5pt; line-height: 115%">&nbsp;</td>
    <td style="vertical-align: top; width: 2%; text-align: justify; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%"><font style="font: 10pt/115% Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&bull;</font></td>
    <td style="vertical-align: top; width: 1%; text-align: justify; font-size: 7.5pt; line-height: 115%">&nbsp;</td>
    <td style="vertical-align: top; font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><font style="font-size: 10pt">the applicability, if any, of the defeasance and covenant defeasance provisions described in this prospectus or in the applicable indenture; </font></td></tr>
</table>
<P STYLE="font: 4.5pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse; font-family: Calibri, Helvetica, Sans-Serif">
<tr>
    <td style="width: 5%; text-align: justify; font-size: 7.5pt; line-height: 115%">&nbsp;</td>
    <td style="vertical-align: top; width: 2%; text-align: justify; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%"><font style="font: 10pt/115% Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&bull;</font></td>
    <td style="vertical-align: top; width: 1%; text-align: justify; font-size: 7.5pt; line-height: 115%">&nbsp;</td>
    <td style="vertical-align: top; font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><font style="font-size: 10pt">whether and under what circumstances we will pay any additional amounts on the debt securities in respect of any tax, assessment or governmental charge and, if so, whether we will have the option to redeem the debt securities in lieu of making such a payment; </font></td></tr>
</table>
<P STYLE="font: 4.5pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse; font-family: Calibri, Helvetica, Sans-Serif">
<tr>
    <td style="width: 5%; text-align: justify; font-size: 7.5pt; line-height: 115%">&nbsp;</td>
    <td style="vertical-align: top; width: 2%; text-align: justify; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%"><font style="font: 10pt/115% Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&bull;</font></td>
    <td style="vertical-align: top; width: 1%; text-align: justify; font-size: 7.5pt; line-height: 115%">&nbsp;</td>
    <td style="vertical-align: top; font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><font style="font-size: 10pt">whether and under what circumstances the debt securities being offered are convertible into common stock or preferred stock, as the case may be, including the conversion price or rate or manner or calculation thereof; </font></td></tr>
</table>
<P STYLE="font: 4.5pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse; font-family: Calibri, Helvetica, Sans-Serif">
<tr>
    <td style="width: 5%; text-align: justify; font-size: 7.5pt; line-height: 115%">&nbsp;</td>
    <td style="vertical-align: top; width: 2%; text-align: justify; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%"><font style="font: 10pt/115% Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&bull;</font></td>
    <td style="vertical-align: top; width: 1%; text-align: justify; font-size: 7.5pt; line-height: 115%">&nbsp;</td>
    <td style="vertical-align: top; font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><font style="font-size: 10pt">the circumstances, if any, specified in the applicable prospectus supplement, under which beneficial owners of interests in the global security may obtain definitive debt securities and the manner in which payments on a permanent global debt security will be made if any debt securities are issuable in temporary or permanent global form; </font></td></tr>
</table>
<P STYLE="font: 4.5pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse; font-family: Calibri, Helvetica, Sans-Serif">
<tr>
    <td style="width: 5%; text-align: justify; font-size: 7.5pt; line-height: 115%">&nbsp;</td>
    <td style="vertical-align: top; width: 2%; text-align: justify; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%"><font style="font: 10pt/115% Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&bull;</font></td>
    <td style="vertical-align: top; width: 1%; text-align: justify; font-size: 7.5pt; line-height: 115%">&nbsp;</td>
    <td style="vertical-align: top; font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><font style="font-size: 10pt">any provisions granting special rights to holders of securities upon the occurrence of such events as specified in the applicable prospectus supplement; </font></td></tr>
</table>
<P STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse; font-family: Calibri, Helvetica, Sans-Serif">
<tr>
    <td style="width: 5%; text-align: justify; font-size: 7.5pt; line-height: 115%">&nbsp;</td>
    <td style="vertical-align: top; width: 2%; text-align: justify; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%"><font style="font: 10pt/115% Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&bull;</font></td>
    <td style="vertical-align: top; width: 1%; text-align: justify; font-size: 7.5pt; line-height: 115%">&nbsp;</td>
    <td style="vertical-align: top; font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><font style="font-size: 10pt">if the debt securities of such series are to be issuable in definitive form only upon receipt of certain certificates or other documents or satisfaction of other conditions, then the form and/or terms of such certificates, documents or conditions; </font></td></tr>
</table>
<P STYLE="font: 4.5pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse; font-family: Calibri, Helvetica, Sans-Serif">
<tr>
    <td style="width: 5%; text-align: justify; font-size: 7.5pt; line-height: 115%">&nbsp;</td>
    <td style="vertical-align: top; width: 2%; text-align: justify; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%"><font style="font: 10pt/115% Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&bull;</font></td>
    <td style="vertical-align: top; width: 1%; text-align: justify; font-size: 7.5pt; line-height: 115%">&nbsp;</td>
    <td style="vertical-align: top; font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><font style="font-size: 10pt">the name of the applicable trustee and the nature of any material relationship with us or any of our affiliates, and the percentage of debt securities of the class necessary to require the trustee to take action; </font></td></tr>
</table>
<P STYLE="font: 4.5pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse; font-family: Calibri, Helvetica, Sans-Serif">
<tr>
    <td style="width: 5%; text-align: justify; font-size: 7.5pt; line-height: 115%">&nbsp;</td>
    <td style="vertical-align: top; width: 2%; text-align: justify; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%"><font style="font: 10pt/115% Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&bull;</font></td>
    <td style="vertical-align: top; width: 1%; text-align: justify; font-size: 7.5pt; line-height: 115%">&nbsp;</td>
    <td style="vertical-align: top; font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><font style="font-size: 10pt">any deletions from, modifications of, or additions to our events of default or covenants and any change in the right of any trustee or any of the holders to declare the principal amount of any of such debt securities due and payable; </font></td></tr>
</table>
<P STYLE="font: 4.5pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse; font-family: Calibri, Helvetica, Sans-Serif">
<tr>
    <td style="width: 5%; text-align: justify; font-size: 7.5pt; line-height: 115%">&nbsp;</td>
    <td style="vertical-align: top; width: 2%; text-align: justify; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%"><font style="font: 10pt/115% Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&bull;</font></td>
    <td style="vertical-align: top; width: 1%; text-align: justify; font-size: 7.5pt; line-height: 115%">&nbsp;</td>
    <td style="vertical-align: top; font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><font style="font-size: 10pt">applicable CUSIP numbers; and </font></td></tr>
</table>
<P STYLE="font: 4.5pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse; font-family: Calibri, Helvetica, Sans-Serif">
<tr>
    <td style="width: 5%; text-align: justify; font-size: 7.5pt; line-height: 115%">&nbsp;</td>
    <td style="vertical-align: top; width: 2%; text-align: justify; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%"><font style="font: 10pt/115% Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&bull;</font></td>
    <td style="vertical-align: top; width: 1%; text-align: justify; font-size: 7.5pt; line-height: 115%">&nbsp;</td>
    <td style="vertical-align: top; font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><font style="font-size: 10pt">any other terms of such debt securities not inconsistent with the provisions of the applicable indenture. </font></td></tr>
</table>
<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 9pt 0 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"></P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 9pt 0 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">We may issue debt
securities at a discount below their principal amount and provide for less than the entire principal amount thereof to be payable
upon declaration of acceleration of the maturity of the debt securities. We refer to any such debt securities throughout this
prospectus as &ldquo;original issue discount securities.&rdquo; The applicable prospectus supplement will describe the United
States federal income tax consequences and other relevant considerations applicable to original issue discount securities.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 9pt 0 0; text-indent: 0.5in">We also may issue indexed debt securities.
Payments of principal of and premium and interest on, indexed debt securities are determined with reference to the rate of exchange
between the currency or currency unit in which the debt security is denominated and any other currency or currency unit specified
by us, to the relationship between two or more currencies or currency units or by other similar methods or formulas specified in
the prospectus supplement.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 9pt 0 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">Except as described
under &ldquo;&mdash;Merger, Consolidation or Sale of Assets&rdquo; or as may be set forth in any prospectus supplement, the debt
securities will not contain any provisions that (1)&nbsp;would limit our ability to incur indebtedness or (2)&nbsp;would afford
holders of debt securities protection in the event of (a)&nbsp;a highly leveraged or similar transaction involving us, or (b)&nbsp;a
change of control or reorganization, restructuring, merger or similar transaction involving us that may adversely affect the holders
of the debt securities. In the future, we may enter into transactions, such as the sale of all or substantially all of our assets
or a merger or consolidation, that may have an adverse effect on our ability to service our indebtedness, including the debt securities,
by, among other things, substantially reducing or eliminating our assets.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 9pt 0 0; text-indent: 0.5in">Neither the Colorado Business Corporation
Act nor our governing instruments define the term &ldquo;substantially all&rdquo; as it relates to the sale of assets. Additionally,
Colorado cases interpreting the term &ldquo;substantially all&rdquo; rely upon the facts and circumstances of each particular case.
Consequently, to determine whether a sale of &ldquo;substantially all&rdquo; of our assets has occurred, a holder of debt securities
must review the financial and other information that we have disclosed to the public.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 9pt 0 0; text-indent: 0.5in">We will provide you with more information
in the applicable prospectus supplement regarding any deletions, modifications, or additions to the events of default or covenants
that are described below, including any addition of a covenant or other provision providing event risk or similar protection.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 13.5pt 0 0; text-align: justify"><B>Payment </B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 4.5pt 0 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">Unless otherwise
set forth in the applicable prospectus supplement, the principal of, and any premium, or make-whole amount, and interest on, any
series of the debt securities will be payable at the corporate trust office of the trustee. We will provide you with the address
of the trustee in the applicable prospectus supplement. We may also pay interest by mailing a check to the address of the person
entitled to it as it appears in the applicable register for the debt securities or by wire transfer of funds to that person at
an account maintained within the United States.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 7.5pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">All monies that we pay
to a paying agent or a trustee for the payment of the principal of, and any premium, or make-whole amount, or interest on, any
debt security will be repaid to us if unclaimed at the end of two years after the obligation underlying payment becomes due and
payable. After funds have been returned to us, the holder of the debt security may look only to us for payment, without payment
of interest for the period which we hold the funds.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 13.5pt 0 0; text-align: justify"><B>Denomination, Interest, Registration
and Transfer </B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 4.5pt 0 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">Unless otherwise
described in the applicable prospectus supplement, the debt securities of any series will be issuable in denominations of $1,000
and integral multiples of $1,000.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 9pt 0 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">Subject to the limitations
imposed upon debt securities that are evidenced by a computerized entry in the records of a depository company rather than by physical
delivery of a note, a holder of debt securities of any series may:</P>

<P STYLE="font: 4.5pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse; font-family: Calibri, Helvetica, Sans-Serif">
<tr>
    <td style="width: 5%; padding-bottom: 10pt; text-align: justify; font-size: 7.5pt; line-height: 115%">&nbsp;</td>
    <td style="vertical-align: top; width: 2%; padding-bottom: 10pt; text-align: justify; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%"><font style="font: 10pt/115% Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&bull;</font></td>
    <td style="vertical-align: top; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 10pt; text-align: justify; font-size: 7.5pt; line-height: 115%">&nbsp;</td>
    <td style="vertical-align: top; font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><font style="font-size: 10pt">exchange them for any authorized denomination of other debt securities of the same series and of a like aggregate principal amount and kind upon surrender of such debt securities at the corporate trust office of the applicable trustee or at the office of any transfer agent that we designate for such purpose; and </font></td></tr>
</table>
<P STYLE="font: 4.5pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse; font-family: Calibri, Helvetica, Sans-Serif">
<tr>
    <td style="width: 5%; padding-bottom: 10pt; text-align: justify; font-size: 7.5pt; line-height: 115%">&nbsp;</td>
    <td style="vertical-align: top; width: 2%; padding-bottom: 10pt; text-align: justify; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%"><font style="font: 10pt/115% Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&bull;</font></td>
    <td style="vertical-align: top; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 10pt; text-align: justify; font-size: 7.5pt; line-height: 115%">&nbsp;</td>
    <td style="vertical-align: top; font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><font style="font-size: 10pt">surrender them for registration of transfer or exchange at the corporate trust office of the applicable trustee or at the office of any transfer agent that we designate for such purpose. </font></td></tr>
</table>
<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 9pt 0 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">Every debt security
surrendered for registration of transfer or exchange must be duly endorsed or accompanied by a written instrument of transfer satisfactory
to the applicable trustee or transfer agent. Payment of a service charge will not be required for any registration of transfer
or exchange of any debt securities, but we or the trustee may require payment of a sum sufficient to cover any tax or other governmental
charge payable in connection therewith. If in addition to the applicable trustee, the applicable prospectus <BR>
</P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 9pt 0 0; text-align: justify">supplement refers to
any transfer agent initially designated by us for any series of debt securities, we may at any time rescind the designation of
any such transfer agent or approve a change in the location through which any such transfer agent acts, except that we will be
required to maintain a transfer agent in each place of payment for such series. We may at any time designate additional transfer
agents for any series of debt securities.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 9pt 0 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">Neither we, nor
any trustee, will be required to:</P>

<P STYLE="font: 4.5pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse; font-family: Calibri, Helvetica, Sans-Serif">
<tr>
    <td style="width: 5%; padding-bottom: 10pt; text-align: justify; font-size: 7.5pt; line-height: 115%">&nbsp;</td>
    <td style="vertical-align: top; width: 2%; padding-bottom: 10pt; text-align: justify; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%"><font style="font: 10pt/115% Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&bull;</font></td>
    <td style="vertical-align: top; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 10pt; text-align: justify; font-size: 7.5pt; line-height: 115%">&nbsp;</td>
    <td style="vertical-align: top; font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><font style="font-size: 10pt">issue, register the transfer of or exchange debt securities of any series during a period beginning at the opening of business 15 days before the day that the notice of redemption of any debt securities selected for redemption is mailed and ending at the close of business on the day of such mailing; </font></td></tr>
</table>
<P STYLE="font: 4.5pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse; font-family: Calibri, Helvetica, Sans-Serif">
<tr>
    <td style="width: 5%; padding-bottom: 10pt; text-align: justify; font-size: 7.5pt; line-height: 115%">&nbsp;</td>
    <td style="vertical-align: top; width: 2%; padding-bottom: 10pt; text-align: justify; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%"><font style="font: 10pt/115% Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&bull;</font></td>
    <td style="vertical-align: top; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 10pt; text-align: justify; font-size: 7.5pt; line-height: 115%">&nbsp;</td>
    <td style="vertical-align: top; font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><font style="font-size: 10pt">register the transfer of or exchange any debt security, or portion thereof, so selected for redemption, in whole or in part, except the unredeemed portion of any debt security being redeemed in part; and </font></td></tr>
</table>
<P STYLE="font: 4.5pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse; font-family: Calibri, Helvetica, Sans-Serif">
<tr>
    <td style="width: 5%; padding-bottom: 10pt; text-align: justify; font-size: 7.5pt; line-height: 115%">&nbsp;</td>
    <td style="vertical-align: top; width: 2%; padding-bottom: 10pt; text-align: justify; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%"><font style="font: 10pt/115% Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&bull;</font></td>
    <td style="vertical-align: top; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 10pt; text-align: justify; font-size: 7.5pt; line-height: 115%">&nbsp;</td>
    <td style="vertical-align: top; font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><font style="font-size: 10pt">issue, register the transfer of or exchange any debt security that has been surrendered for repayment at the option of the holder, except the portion, if any, of such debt security not to be so repaid. </font></td></tr>
</table>
<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 13.5pt 0 0"><B>Merger, Consolidation or Sale of Assets </B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 4.5pt 0 0; text-indent: 0.5in">The indentures provide that we may,
without the consent of the holders of any outstanding debt securities, (1)&nbsp;consolidate with, (2)&nbsp;sell, lease or convey
all or substantially all of our assets to, or (3)&nbsp;merge with or into, any other entity provided that:</P>

<P STYLE="font: 4.5pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>

<table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse; font-family: Calibri, Helvetica, Sans-Serif">
<tr>
    <td style="width: 5%; font-size: 7.5pt; line-height: 115%">&nbsp;</td>
    <td style="vertical-align: top; width: 2%; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%"><font style="font: 10pt/115% Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&bull;</font></td>
    <td style="vertical-align: top; width: 1%; font-size: 7.5pt; line-height: 115%">&nbsp;</td>
    <td style="vertical-align: top; font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><font style="font-size: 10pt">either we are the continuing entity, or the successor entity, if other than us, assumes the obligations (A)&nbsp;to pay the principal of, and any premium (or make-whole amount) and interest on, all of the debt securities and (B)&nbsp;to duly perform and observe all of the covenants and conditions contained in each indenture; </font></td></tr>
</table>
<P STYLE="font: 4.5pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>

<table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse; font-family: Calibri, Helvetica, Sans-Serif">
<tr>
    <td style="width: 5%; font-size: 7.5pt; line-height: 115%">&nbsp;</td>
    <td style="vertical-align: top; width: 2%; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%"><font style="font: 10pt/115% Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&bull;</font></td>
    <td style="vertical-align: top; width: 1%; font-size: 7.5pt; line-height: 115%">&nbsp;</td>
    <td style="vertical-align: top; font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><font style="font-size: 10pt">after giving effect to the transaction, there is no event of default under the indentures and no event which, after notice or the lapse of time, or both, would become such an event of default, occurs and continues; and </font></td></tr>
</table>
<P STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>

<table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse; font-family: Calibri, Helvetica, Sans-Serif">
<tr>
    <td style="width: 5%; font-size: 7.5pt; line-height: 115%">&nbsp;</td>
    <td style="vertical-align: top; width: 2%; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%"><font style="font: 10pt/115% Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&bull;</font></td>
    <td style="vertical-align: top; width: 1%; font-size: 7.5pt; line-height: 115%">&nbsp;</td>
    <td style="vertical-align: top">
        <P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0">an officers&rsquo; certificate and legal opinion covering such conditions
        are delivered to each applicable trustee.</P>
        <P STYLE="font: 11pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0">&nbsp;</P></td></tr>
</table>
<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><B>Covenants </B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 4.5pt 0 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><I>Existence</I>.
Except as permitted under &ldquo;&mdash;Merger, Consolidation or Sale of Assets,&rdquo; the indentures require us to do or cause
to be done all things necessary to preserve and keep in full force and effect our existence, rights and franchises. However, the
indentures do not require us to preserve any right or franchise if we determine that any right or franchise is no longer desirable
in the conduct of our business.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 9pt 0 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><I>Payment of taxes
and other claims</I>. The indentures require us to pay, discharge or cause to be paid or discharged, before they become delinquent
(1)&nbsp;all taxes, assessments and governmental charges levied or imposed on us, our subsidiaries or our subsidiaries&rsquo; income,
profits or property, and (2)&nbsp;all lawful claims for labor, materials and supplies which, if unpaid, might by law become a lien
upon our property or the property of our subsidiaries. However, we will not be required to pay, discharge or cause to be paid or
discharged any such tax, assessment, charge or claim whose amount, applicability or validity is being contested in good faith by
appropriate proceedings.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 9pt 0 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><I>Provision of
financial information</I>. The indentures require us to (1)&nbsp;within 15 days of each of the respective dates by which we are
required to file our annual reports, quarterly reports and other documents with the SEC, file with the trustee copies of the annual
report, quarterly report and other documents that we file with the SEC under Section&nbsp;13 or 15(d) of the Exchange Act, (2)&nbsp;file
with the trustee and the SEC any additional information, documents and reports regarding compliance by us with the conditions and
covenants of the indentures, as required, and (3)&nbsp;within 30 days after the filing with the trustee, mail to all holders of
debt securities, as their names and addresses appear in the applicable register for such debt securities, without cost to such
holders, summaries of any documents and reports required to be filed by us pursuant to (1)&nbsp;and (2)&nbsp;above.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 9pt 0 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><I>Additional covenants</I>.
The applicable prospectus supplement will set forth any additional covenants of Solitario relating to any series of debt securities.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 13.5pt 0 0; text-align: justify"><B>Events of Default, Notice and Waiver
</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 13.5pt 0 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

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<P STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 13.5pt 0 0; text-align: justify"></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">Unless the applicable
prospectus supplement states otherwise, when we refer to &ldquo;events of default&rdquo; as defined in the indentures with respect
to any series of debt securities, we mean:</P>

<P STYLE="font: 4.5pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse; font-family: Calibri, Helvetica, Sans-Serif">
<tr>
    <td style="width: 5%; text-align: justify; font-size: 7.5pt; line-height: 115%">&nbsp;</td>
    <td style="vertical-align: top; width: 2%; text-align: justify; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%"><font style="font: 10pt/115% Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&bull;</font></td>
    <td style="vertical-align: top; width: 1%; text-align: justify; font-size: 7.5pt; line-height: 115%">&nbsp;</td>
    <td style="vertical-align: top; font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><font style="font-size: 10pt">default in the payment of any installment of interest on any debt security of such series continuing for 30 days; </font></td></tr>
</table>
<P STYLE="font: 4.5pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse; font-family: Calibri, Helvetica, Sans-Serif">
<tr>
    <td style="width: 5%; text-align: justify; font-size: 7.5pt; line-height: 115%">&nbsp;</td>
    <td style="vertical-align: top; width: 2%; text-align: justify; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%"><font style="font: 10pt/115% Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&bull;</font></td>
    <td style="vertical-align: top; width: 1%; text-align: justify; font-size: 7.5pt; line-height: 115%">&nbsp;</td>
    <td style="vertical-align: top; font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><font style="font-size: 10pt">default in the payment of principal of, or any premium, or make-whole amount, on any debt security of such series at its stated maturity; </font></td></tr>
</table>
<P STYLE="font: 4.5pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse; font-family: Calibri, Helvetica, Sans-Serif">
<tr>
    <td style="width: 5%; text-align: justify; font-size: 7.5pt; line-height: 115%">&nbsp;</td>
    <td style="vertical-align: top; width: 2%; text-align: justify; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%"><font style="font: 10pt/115% Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&bull;</font></td>
    <td style="vertical-align: top; width: 1%; text-align: justify; font-size: 7.5pt; line-height: 115%">&nbsp;</td>
    <td style="vertical-align: top; font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><font style="font-size: 10pt">default in making any sinking fund payment as required for any debt security of such series; </font></td></tr>
</table>
<P STYLE="font: 4.5pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse; font-family: Calibri, Helvetica, Sans-Serif">
<tr>
    <td style="width: 5%; text-align: justify; font-size: 7.5pt; line-height: 115%">&nbsp;</td>
    <td style="vertical-align: top; width: 2%; text-align: justify; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%"><font style="font: 10pt/115% Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&bull;</font></td>
    <td style="vertical-align: top; width: 1%; text-align: justify; font-size: 7.5pt; line-height: 115%">&nbsp;</td>
    <td style="vertical-align: top; font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><font style="font-size: 10pt">default in the performance or breach of any covenant or warranty in the debt securities or in the indenture by Solitario continuing for 60 days after written notice specifying such default, but not of a covenant added to the indenture solely for the benefit of a series of debt securities issued thereunder other than such series.&nbsp;&nbsp;Such notice shall be given to us by the trustee, or to us and the trustee by the holders of at least 25% in principal amount of the outstanding debt securities of that series. The written notice specifying such default or breach and requiring it to be remedied and shall state that such notice is a &ldquo;Notice of Default&rdquo; under such indenture; </font></td></tr>
</table>
<P STYLE="font: 4.5pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse; font-family: Calibri, Helvetica, Sans-Serif">
<tr>
    <td style="width: 5%; text-align: justify; font-size: 7.5pt; line-height: 115%">&nbsp;</td>
    <td style="vertical-align: top; width: 2%; text-align: justify; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%"><font style="font: 10pt/115% Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&bull;</font></td>
    <td style="vertical-align: top; width: 1%; text-align: justify; font-size: 7.5pt; line-height: 115%">&nbsp;</td>
    <td style="vertical-align: top; font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><font style="font-size: 10pt">a default under any bond, debenture, note, mortgage, indenture or instrument under which there may be issued, secured or evidenced any existing or later created indebtedness for money borrowed by us or our subsidiaries, if we are directly responsible or liable as obligor or guarantor, having an aggregate principal amount of at least $30,000,000, under which there may be issued, secured or evidenced any existing or later created indebtedness for money borrowed by us or our subsidiaries, if we are directly responsible or liable as obligor or guarantor, having an aggregate principal amount of at least $30,000,000, if the default results in the indebtedness becoming or being declared due and payable prior to the date it otherwise would have, without such indebtedness having been discharged, or such acceleration having been rescinded or annulled, within 30 days after notice to the issuing company specifying such default. Such notice shall be given to us by the trustee, or to us and the trustee by the holders of at least 10% in principal amount of the outstanding debt securities of that series. The written notice specifying such default and requiring us to cause such indebtedness to be discharged or cause such acceleration to be rescinded or annulled and shall state that such notice is a &ldquo;Notice of Default&rdquo; under such indenture;</font></td></tr>
</table>
<P STYLE="font: 4.5pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 4.5pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 4.5pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse; font-family: Calibri, Helvetica, Sans-Serif">
<tr>
    <td style="width: 5%; text-align: justify; font-size: 7.5pt; line-height: 115%">&nbsp;</td>
    <td style="vertical-align: top; width: 2%; text-align: justify; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%"><font style="font: 10pt/115% Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&bull;</font></td>
    <td style="vertical-align: top; width: 1%; text-align: justify; font-size: 7.5pt; line-height: 115%">&nbsp;</td>
    <td style="vertical-align: top; font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><font style="font-size: 10pt">bankruptcy, insolvency or reorganization, or court appointment of a receiver, liquidator or trustee of Solitario or any significant subsidiary of Solitario; and </font></td></tr>
</table>
<P STYLE="font: 4.5pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse; font-family: Calibri, Helvetica, Sans-Serif">
<tr>
    <td style="width: 5%; text-align: justify; font-size: 7.5pt; line-height: 115%">&nbsp;</td>
    <td style="vertical-align: top; width: 2%; text-align: justify; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%"><font style="font: 10pt/115% Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&bull;</font></td>
    <td style="vertical-align: top; width: 1%; text-align: justify; font-size: 7.5pt; line-height: 115%">&nbsp;</td>
    <td style="vertical-align: top; font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><font style="font-size: 10pt">any other event of default provided with respect to a particular series of debt securities. </font></td></tr>
</table>
<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 9pt 0 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">When we use the
term &ldquo;significant subsidiary,&rdquo; we refer to the meaning ascribed to such term in Rule 1-02 of Regulation S-X promulgated
under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended (the &ldquo;Securities Act&rdquo;).</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 9pt 0 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">If an event of default
occurs and is continuing with respect to debt securities of any series outstanding, then the applicable trustee or the holders
of 25% or more in principal amount of the debt securities of that series will have the right to declare the principal amount of
all the debt securities of that series to be due and payable. If the debt securities of that series are original issue discount
securities or indexed securities, then the applicable trustee or the holders of 25% or more in principal amount of the debt securities
of that series will have the right to declare the portion of the principal amount as may be specified in the terms thereof to be
due and payable. However, at any time after such a declaration of acceleration has been made, but before a judgment or decree for
payment of the money due has been obtained by the applicable trustee, the holders of at least a majority in principal amount of
outstanding debt securities of such series or of all debt securities then outstanding under the applicable indenture may rescind
and annul such declaration and its consequences if:</P>

<P STYLE="font: 4.5pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse; font-family: Calibri, Helvetica, Sans-Serif">
<tr>
    <td style="width: 5%; padding-bottom: 10pt; text-align: justify; font-size: 7.5pt; line-height: 115%">&nbsp;</td>
    <td style="vertical-align: top; width: 2%; padding-bottom: 10pt; text-align: justify; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%"><font style="font: 10pt/115% Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&bull;</font></td>
    <td style="vertical-align: top; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 10pt; text-align: justify; font-size: 7.5pt; line-height: 115%">&nbsp;</td>
    <td style="vertical-align: top; font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><font style="font-size: 10pt">we have deposited with the applicable trustee all required payments of the principal, any premium, or make-whole amount, interest and, to the extent permitted by law, interest on overdue installment of interest, plus applicable fees, expenses, disbursements and advances of the applicable trustee; and </font></td></tr>
</table>
<P STYLE="font: 4.5pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse; font-family: Calibri, Helvetica, Sans-Serif">
<tr>
    <td style="width: 5%; padding-bottom: 10pt; text-align: justify; font-size: 7.5pt; line-height: 115%">&nbsp;</td>
    <td style="vertical-align: top; width: 2%; padding-bottom: 10pt; text-align: justify; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%"><font style="font: 10pt/115% Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&bull;</font></td>
    <td style="vertical-align: top; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 10pt; text-align: justify; font-size: 7.5pt; line-height: 115%">&nbsp;</td>
    <td style="vertical-align: top; font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><font style="font-size: 10pt">all events of default, other than the non-payment of accelerated principal, or a specified portion thereof, and any premium, or make-whole amount, have been cured or waived. </font></td></tr>
</table>
<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 9pt 0 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">The indentures also
provide that the holders of at least a majority in principal amount of the outstanding debt securities of any series or of all
debt securities then outstanding under the applicable indenture may, on behalf of all holders, waive any past default with respect
to such series and its consequences, except a default:</P>

<P STYLE="font: 4.5pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse; font-family: Calibri, Helvetica, Sans-Serif">
<tr>
    <td style="width: 5%; padding-bottom: 10pt; text-align: justify; font-size: 7.5pt; line-height: 115%">&nbsp;</td>
    <td style="vertical-align: top; width: 2%; padding-bottom: 10pt; text-align: justify; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%"><font style="font: 10pt/115% Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&bull;</font></td>
    <td style="vertical-align: top; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 10pt; text-align: justify; font-size: 7.5pt; line-height: 115%">&nbsp;</td>
    <td style="vertical-align: top; font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><font style="font-size: 10pt">in the payment of the principal, any premium, or make-whole amount, or interest; </font></td></tr>
</table>
<P STYLE="font: 4.5pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

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<P STYLE="font: 4.5pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"></P>

<table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse; font-family: Calibri, Helvetica, Sans-Serif">
<tr>
    <td style="width: 5%; padding-bottom: 10pt; text-align: justify; font-size: 7.5pt; line-height: 115%">&nbsp;</td>
    <td style="vertical-align: top; width: 2%; padding-bottom: 10pt; text-align: justify; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%"><font style="font: 10pt/115% Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&bull;</font></td>
    <td style="vertical-align: top; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 10pt; text-align: justify; font-size: 7.5pt; line-height: 115%">&nbsp;</td>
    <td style="vertical-align: top; font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><font style="font-size: 10pt">in respect of a covenant or provision contained in the applicable indenture that cannot be modified or amended without the consent of the holders of the outstanding debt security that is affected by the default; or </font></td></tr>
</table>
<P STYLE="font: 4.5pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>

<table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse; font-family: Calibri, Helvetica, Sans-Serif">
<tr>
    <td style="width: 5%; padding-bottom: 10pt; text-align: justify; font-size: 7.5pt; line-height: 115%">&nbsp;</td>
    <td style="vertical-align: top; width: 2%; padding-bottom: 10pt; text-align: justify; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%"><font style="font: 10pt/115% Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&bull;</font></td>
    <td style="vertical-align: top; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 10pt; text-align: justify; font-size: 7.5pt; line-height: 115%">&nbsp;</td>
    <td style="vertical-align: top; font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><font style="font-size: 10pt">in respect of a covenant or provision for the benefit or protection of the trustee, without its express written consent. </font></td></tr>
</table>
<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">The indentures require
each trustee to give notice to the holders of debt securities within 90 days of a default unless such default has been cured or
waived. However, the trustee may withhold notice if specified persons of such trustee consider such withholding to be in the interest
of the holders of debt securities. The trustee may not withhold notice of a default in the payment of principal, any premium or
interest on any debt security of such series or in the payment of any sinking fund installment in respect of any debt security
of such series.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">The
indentures provide that holders of debt securities of any series may not institute any proceedings, judicial or otherwise, with
respect to such indenture or for any remedy under the indenture, unless the trustee fails to act for a period of 60 days after
the trustee has received a written request to institute proceedings in </FONT> <FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">respect of an event
of default from the holders of 25% or more in principal amount of the outstanding debt securities of such series, as well as an
offer of indemnity reasonably satisfactory to the trustee. However, this provision will not prevent any holder of debt securities
from instituting suit for the enforcement of payment of the principal of, and any premium, or make-whole amount, and interest on,
such debt securities at the respective due dates thereof. </FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">The indentures provide
that, subject to provisions in each indenture relating to its duties in the case of a default, a trustee has no obligation to exercise
any of its rights or powers at the request or direction of any holders of any series of debt securities then outstanding under
the indenture, unless the holders have offered to the trustee reasonable security or indemnity. The holders of at least a majority
in principal amount of the outstanding debt securities of any series or of all debt securities then outstanding under an indenture
shall have the right to direct the time, method and place of conducting any proceeding for any remedy available to the applicable
trustee, or of exercising any trust or power conferred upon such trustee. However, a trustee may refuse to follow any direction
which:</P>

<P STYLE="font: 4.5pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>

<table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse; font-family: Calibri, Helvetica, Sans-Serif">
<tr>
    <td style="width: 5%; font-size: 7.5pt; line-height: 115%">&nbsp;</td>
    <td style="vertical-align: top; width: 2%; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%"><font style="font: 10pt/115% Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&bull;</font></td>
    <td style="vertical-align: top; width: 1%; font-size: 7.5pt; line-height: 115%">&nbsp;</td>
    <td style="vertical-align: top; font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><font style="font-size: 10pt">is in conflict with any law or the applicable indenture; </font></td></tr>
</table>
<P STYLE="font: 4.5pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>

<table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse; font-family: Calibri, Helvetica, Sans-Serif">
<tr>
    <td style="width: 5%; font-size: 7.5pt; line-height: 115%">&nbsp;</td>
    <td style="vertical-align: top; width: 2%; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%"><font style="font: 10pt/115% Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&bull;</font></td>
    <td style="vertical-align: top; width: 1%; font-size: 7.5pt; line-height: 115%">&nbsp;</td>
    <td style="vertical-align: top; font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><font style="font-size: 10pt">may involve the trustee in personal liability; or </font></td></tr>
</table>
<P STYLE="font: 4.5pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>

<table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse; font-family: Calibri, Helvetica, Sans-Serif">
<tr>
    <td style="width: 5%; font-size: 7.5pt; line-height: 115%">&nbsp;</td>
    <td style="vertical-align: top; width: 2%; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%"><font style="font: 10pt/115% Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&bull;</font></td>
    <td style="vertical-align: top; width: 1%; font-size: 7.5pt; line-height: 115%">&nbsp;</td>
    <td style="vertical-align: top">
        <P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0">may be unduly prejudicial to the holders of debt securities of the
        series not joining the proceeding.</P>
        <P STYLE="font: 11pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0">&nbsp;</P></td></tr>
</table>
<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">Within 120 days after
the close of each fiscal year, we will be required to deliver to each trustee a certificate, signed by one of our several specified
officers, stating whether or not that officer has knowledge of any default under the applicable indenture. If the officer has knowledge
of any default, the notice must specify the nature and status of the default.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><B>Modification of the Indentures </B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">The indentures provide
that modifications and amendments may be made only with the consent of the affected holders of at least a majority in principal
amount of all outstanding debt securities issued under that indenture. However, no such modification or amendment may, without
the consent of the holders of the debt securities affected by the modification or amendment:</P>

<P STYLE="font: 4.5pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse; font-family: Calibri, Helvetica, Sans-Serif">
<tr>
    <td style="width: 5%; text-align: justify; font-size: 7.5pt; line-height: 115%">&nbsp;</td>
    <td style="vertical-align: top; width: 2%; text-align: justify; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%"><font style="font: 10pt/115% Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&bull;</font></td>
    <td style="vertical-align: top; width: 1%; text-align: justify; font-size: 7.5pt; line-height: 115%">&nbsp;</td>
    <td style="vertical-align: top; font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><font style="font-size: 10pt">change the stated maturity of the principal of, or any premium, or make-whole amount, on, or any installment of principal of or interest on, any such debt security; </font></td></tr>
</table>
<P STYLE="font: 4.5pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse; font-family: Calibri, Helvetica, Sans-Serif">
<tr>
    <td style="width: 5%; text-align: justify; font-size: 7.5pt; line-height: 115%">&nbsp;</td>
    <td style="vertical-align: top; width: 2%; text-align: justify; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%"><font style="font: 10pt/115% Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&bull;</font></td>
    <td style="vertical-align: top; width: 1%; text-align: justify; font-size: 7.5pt; line-height: 115%">&nbsp;</td>
    <td style="vertical-align: top; font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><font style="font-size: 10pt">reduce the principal amount of, the rate or amount of interest on or any premium, or make-whole amount, payable on redemption of any such debt security; </font></td></tr>
</table>
<P STYLE="font: 4.5pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse; font-family: Calibri, Helvetica, Sans-Serif">
<tr>
    <td style="width: 5%; text-align: justify; font-size: 7.5pt; line-height: 115%">&nbsp;</td>
    <td style="vertical-align: top; width: 2%; text-align: justify; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%"><font style="font: 10pt/115% Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&bull;</font></td>
    <td style="vertical-align: top; width: 1%; text-align: justify; font-size: 7.5pt; line-height: 115%">&nbsp;</td>
    <td style="vertical-align: top; font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><font style="font-size: 10pt">reduce the amount of principal of an original issue discount security that would be due and payable upon declaration of acceleration of the maturity thereof or would be provable in bankruptcy, or adversely affect any right of repayment of the holder of any such debt security; </font></td></tr>
</table>
<P STYLE="font: 4.5pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse; font-family: Calibri, Helvetica, Sans-Serif">
<tr>
    <td style="width: 5%; text-align: justify; font-size: 7.5pt; line-height: 115%">&nbsp;</td>
    <td style="vertical-align: top; width: 2%; text-align: justify; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%"><font style="font: 10pt/115% Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&bull;</font></td>
    <td style="vertical-align: top; width: 1%; text-align: justify; font-size: 7.5pt; line-height: 115%">&nbsp;</td>
    <td style="vertical-align: top; font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><font style="font-size: 10pt">change the place of payment or the coin or currency for payment of principal of, or any premium, or make-whole amount, or interest on, any such debt security; </font></td></tr>
</table>
<P STYLE="font: 4.5pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse; font-family: Calibri, Helvetica, Sans-Serif">
<tr>
    <td style="width: 5%; text-align: justify; font-size: 7.5pt; line-height: 115%">&nbsp;</td>
    <td style="vertical-align: top; width: 2%; text-align: justify; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%"><font style="font: 10pt/115% Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&bull;</font></td>
    <td style="vertical-align: top; width: 1%; text-align: justify; font-size: 7.5pt; line-height: 115%">&nbsp;</td>
    <td style="vertical-align: top; font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><font style="font-size: 10pt">impair the right to institute suit for the enforcement of any payment on or with respect to any such debt security; </font></td></tr>
<tr>
    <td style="text-align: justify; font-size: 7.5pt; line-height: 115%">&nbsp;</td>
    <td style="vertical-align: top; text-align: justify; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%"><font style="font: 10pt/115% Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&bull;</font></td>
    <td style="vertical-align: top; text-align: justify; font-size: 7.5pt; line-height: 115%">&nbsp;</td>
    <td style="vertical-align: top; font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><font style="font-size: 10pt">if such debt security is convertible, adversely affect the right of the holder to convert such debt security; </font></td></tr>
</table>
<P STYLE="font: 4.5pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse; font-family: Calibri, Helvetica, Sans-Serif">
<tr>
    <td style="width: 5%; text-align: justify; font-size: 7.5pt; line-height: 115%">&nbsp;</td>
    <td style="vertical-align: top; width: 2%; text-align: justify; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%"><font style="font: 10pt/115% Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&bull;</font></td>
    <td style="vertical-align: top; width: 1%; text-align: justify; font-size: 7.5pt; line-height: 115%">&nbsp;</td>
    <td style="vertical-align: top; font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><font style="font-size: 10pt">reduce the percentage in principal amount of any outstanding debt securities necessary to modify or amend the applicable indenture with respect to such debt securities, to waive compliance with particular provisions thereof or defaults and consequences thereunder or to reduce the quorum or voting requirements set forth in the applicable indenture; and </font></td></tr>
</table>
<P STYLE="font: 4.5pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

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    <DIV STYLE="page-break-before: always; margin-top: 6pt; margin-bottom: 6pt"><TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><TR><TD STYLE="text-align: center; width: 100%">&nbsp;</TD></TR></TABLE></DIV>
    <!-- Field: /Page -->

<P STYLE="font: 4.5pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"></P>

<table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse; font-family: Calibri, Helvetica, Sans-Serif">
<tr>
    <td style="width: 5%; text-align: justify; font-size: 7.5pt; line-height: 115%">&nbsp;</td>
    <td style="vertical-align: top; width: 2%; text-align: justify; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%"><font style="font: 10pt/115% Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&bull;</font></td>
    <td style="vertical-align: top; width: 1%; text-align: justify; font-size: 7.5pt; line-height: 115%">&nbsp;</td>
    <td style="vertical-align: top; font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><font style="font-size: 10pt">modify any of the foregoing provisions or any of the provisions relating to the waiver of particular past defaults or covenants, except to increase the required percentage to effect such action or to provide that some of the other provisions may not be modified or waived without the consent of the holder of such debt security. </font></td></tr>
</table>
<P STYLE="font: 7.5pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-indent: 0.5in">The holders of a majority in aggregate principal
amount of the outstanding debt securities of each series may, on behalf of all holders of debt securities of that series, waive,
insofar as that series is concerned, our compliance with material restrictive covenants of the applicable indenture.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">We and our respective
trustee may make modifications and amendments of an indenture without the consent of any holder of debt securities for any of the
following purposes:</P>

<P STYLE="font: 4.5pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse; font-family: Calibri, Helvetica, Sans-Serif">
<tr>
    <td style="width: 5%; text-align: justify; font-size: 7.5pt; line-height: 115%">&nbsp;</td>
    <td style="vertical-align: top; width: 2%; text-align: justify; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%"><font style="font: 10pt/115% Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&bull;</font></td>
    <td style="vertical-align: top; width: 1%; text-align: justify; font-size: 7.5pt; line-height: 115%">&nbsp;</td>
    <td style="vertical-align: top; font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><font style="font-size: 10pt">to evidence the succession of another person to us as obligor under such indenture; </font></td></tr>
</table>
<P STYLE="font: 4.5pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse; font-family: Calibri, Helvetica, Sans-Serif">
<tr>
    <td style="width: 5%; text-align: justify; font-size: 7.5pt; line-height: 115%">&nbsp;</td>
    <td style="vertical-align: top; width: 2%; text-align: justify; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%"><font style="font: 10pt/115% Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&bull;</font></td>
    <td style="vertical-align: top; width: 1%; text-align: justify; font-size: 7.5pt; line-height: 115%">&nbsp;</td>
    <td style="vertical-align: top; font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><font style="font-size: 10pt">to add to our covenants for the benefit of the holders of all or any series of debt securities or to surrender any right or power conferred upon us in such indenture; </font></td></tr>
</table>
<P STYLE="font: 4.5pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse; font-family: Calibri, Helvetica, Sans-Serif">
<tr>
    <td style="width: 5%; text-align: justify; font-size: 7.5pt; line-height: 115%">&nbsp;</td>
    <td style="vertical-align: top; width: 2%; text-align: justify; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%"><font style="font: 10pt/115% Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&bull;</font></td>
    <td style="vertical-align: top; width: 1%; text-align: justify; font-size: 7.5pt; line-height: 115%">&nbsp;</td>
    <td style="vertical-align: top; font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><font style="font-size: 10pt">to add events of default for the benefit of the holders of all or any series of debt securities; </font></td></tr>
</table>
<P STYLE="font: 4.5pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse; font-family: Calibri, Helvetica, Sans-Serif">
<tr>
    <td style="width: 5%; text-align: justify; font-size: 7.5pt; line-height: 115%">&nbsp;</td>
    <td style="vertical-align: top; width: 2%; text-align: justify; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%"><font style="font: 10pt/115% Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&bull;</font></td>
    <td style="vertical-align: top; width: 1%; text-align: justify; font-size: 7.5pt; line-height: 115%">&nbsp;</td>
    <td style="vertical-align: top; font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><font style="font-size: 10pt">to add or change any provisions of an indenture (1)&nbsp;to change or eliminate restrictions on the payment of principal of, or premium, or make-whole amount, or interest on, debt securities in bearer form, or (2)&nbsp;to permit or facilitate the issuance of debt securities in uncertificated form, provided that such action shall not adversely affect the interests of the holders of the debt securities of any series in any material respect; </font></td></tr>
</table>
<P STYLE="font: 4.5pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse; font-family: Calibri, Helvetica, Sans-Serif">
<tr>
    <td style="width: 5%; text-align: justify; font-size: 7.5pt; line-height: 115%">&nbsp;</td>
    <td style="vertical-align: top; width: 2%; text-align: justify; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%"><font style="font: 10pt/115% Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&bull;</font></td>
    <td style="vertical-align: top; width: 1%; text-align: justify; font-size: 7.5pt; line-height: 115%">&nbsp;</td>
    <td style="vertical-align: top; font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><font style="font-size: 10pt">to change or eliminate any provisions of an indenture, provided that any such change or elimination shall become effective only when there are no debt securities outstanding of any series created prior thereto which are entitled to the benefit of such provision; </font></td></tr>
</table>
<P STYLE="font: 4.5pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse; font-family: Calibri, Helvetica, Sans-Serif">
<tr>
    <td style="width: 5%; text-align: justify; font-size: 7.5pt; line-height: 115%">&nbsp;</td>
    <td style="vertical-align: top; width: 2%; text-align: justify; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%"><font style="font: 10pt/115% Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&bull;</font></td>
    <td style="vertical-align: top; width: 1%; text-align: justify; font-size: 7.5pt; line-height: 115%">&nbsp;</td>
    <td style="vertical-align: top; font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><font style="font-size: 10pt">to secure the debt securities; </font></td></tr>
</table>
<P STYLE="font: 4.5pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse; font-family: Calibri, Helvetica, Sans-Serif">
<tr>
    <td style="width: 5%; text-align: justify; font-size: 7.5pt; line-height: 115%">&nbsp;</td>
    <td style="vertical-align: top; width: 2%; text-align: justify; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%"><font style="font: 10pt/115% Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&bull;</font></td>
    <td style="vertical-align: top; width: 1%; text-align: justify; font-size: 7.5pt; line-height: 115%">&nbsp;</td>
    <td style="vertical-align: top; font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><font style="font-size: 10pt">to establish the form or terms of debt securities of any series; </font></td></tr>
</table>
<P STYLE="font: 4.5pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse; font-family: Calibri, Helvetica, Sans-Serif">
<tr>
    <td style="width: 5%; text-align: justify; font-size: 7.5pt; line-height: 115%">&nbsp;</td>
    <td style="vertical-align: top; width: 2%; text-align: justify; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%"><font style="font: 10pt/115% Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&bull;</font></td>
    <td style="vertical-align: top; width: 1%; text-align: justify; font-size: 7.5pt; line-height: 115%">&nbsp;</td>
    <td style="vertical-align: top; font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><font style="font-size: 10pt">to provide for the acceptance of appointment by a successor trustee or facilitate the administration of the trusts under an indenture by more than one trustee; </font></td></tr>
</table>
<P STYLE="font: 4.5pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse; font-family: Calibri, Helvetica, Sans-Serif">
<tr>
    <td style="width: 5%; text-align: justify; font-size: 7.5pt; line-height: 115%">&nbsp;</td>
    <td style="vertical-align: top; width: 2%; text-align: justify; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%"><font style="font: 10pt/115% Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&bull;</font></td>
    <td style="vertical-align: top; width: 1%; text-align: justify; font-size: 7.5pt; line-height: 115%">&nbsp;</td>
    <td style="vertical-align: top; font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><font style="font-size: 10pt">to cure any ambiguity, defect or inconsistency in an indenture, provided that such action shall not adversely affect the interests of holders of debt securities of any series issued under such indenture;</font></td></tr>
</table>
<P STYLE="font: 4.5pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse; font-family: Calibri, Helvetica, Sans-Serif">
<tr>
    <td style="width: 5%; text-align: justify; font-size: 7.5pt; line-height: 115%">&nbsp;</td>
    <td style="vertical-align: top; width: 2%; text-align: justify; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%"><font style="font: 10pt/115% Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&bull;</font></td>
    <td style="vertical-align: top; width: 1%; text-align: justify; font-size: 7.5pt; line-height: 115%">&nbsp;</td>
    <td style="vertical-align: top">
        <P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">to supplement any of the provisions of an indenture
        to the extent necessary to permit or facilitate defeasance and discharge of any series of such debt securities, provided that such
        action shall not adversely affect the interests of the holders of the outstanding debt securities of any series; and</P>
        <P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P></td></tr>
<tr>
    <td style="text-align: justify; font-size: 7.5pt; line-height: 115%">&nbsp;</td>
    <td style="vertical-align: top; text-align: justify; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%"><font style="font: 10pt/115% Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&bull;</font></td>
    <td style="vertical-align: top; text-align: justify; font-size: 7.5pt; line-height: 115%">&nbsp;</td>
    <td style="vertical-align: top; font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><font style="font-size: 10pt">to make provisions with respect to holders&rsquo; rights of conversion with respect to the debt securities of any series. </font></td></tr>
</table>
<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 13.5pt 0 0"><B>Voting </B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 4.5pt 0 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">The indentures
provide that in determining whether the holders of the requisite principal amount of outstanding debt securities of a series have
given any request, demand, authorization, direction, notice, consent or waiver under the indentures or whether a quorum is present
at a meeting of holders of debt securities:</P>

<P STYLE="font: 4.5pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse; font-family: Calibri, Helvetica, Sans-Serif">
<tr>
    <td style="width: 5%; padding-bottom: 10pt; text-align: justify; font-size: 7.5pt; line-height: 115%">&nbsp;</td>
    <td style="vertical-align: top; width: 2%; padding-bottom: 10pt; text-align: justify; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%"><font style="font: 10pt/115% Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&bull;</font></td>
    <td style="vertical-align: top; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 10pt; text-align: justify; font-size: 7.5pt; line-height: 115%">&nbsp;</td>
    <td style="vertical-align: top; font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><font style="font-size: 10pt">the principal amount of an original issue discount security that shall be deemed to be outstanding shall be the amount of the principal thereof that would be due and payable as of the date of such determination upon declaration of acceleration of the maturity thereof; </font></td></tr>
</table>
<P STYLE="font: 4.5pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse; font-family: Calibri, Helvetica, Sans-Serif">
<tr>
    <td style="width: 5%; padding-bottom: 10pt; text-align: justify; font-size: 7.5pt; line-height: 115%">&nbsp;</td>
    <td style="vertical-align: top; width: 2%; padding-bottom: 10pt; text-align: justify; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%"><font style="font: 10pt/115% Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&bull;</font></td>
    <td style="vertical-align: top; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 10pt; text-align: justify; font-size: 7.5pt; line-height: 115%">&nbsp;</td>
    <td style="vertical-align: top; font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><font style="font-size: 10pt">the principal amount of any debt security denominated in a foreign currency that shall be deemed outstanding shall be the United States dollar equivalent, determined on the issue date for such debt security, of the principal amount or, in the case of an original issue discount security, the United States dollar equivalent on the issue date of such debt security of the amount determined as provided in the preceding bullet point; </font></td></tr>
</table>
<P STYLE="font: 4.5pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse; font-family: Calibri, Helvetica, Sans-Serif">
<tr>
    <td style="width: 5%; padding-bottom: 10pt; text-align: justify; font-size: 7.5pt; line-height: 115%">&nbsp;</td>
    <td style="vertical-align: top; width: 2%; padding-bottom: 10pt; text-align: justify; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%"><font style="font: 10pt/115% Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&bull;</font></td>
    <td style="vertical-align: top; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 10pt; text-align: justify; font-size: 7.5pt; line-height: 115%">&nbsp;</td>
    <td style="vertical-align: top; font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><font style="font-size: 10pt">the principal amount of an indexed security that shall be deemed outstanding shall be the principal face amount of such indexed security at original issuance, unless otherwise provided for such indexed security under such indenture; and </font></td></tr>
</table>
<P STYLE="font: 4.5pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

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<P STYLE="font: 4.5pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"></P>

<table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse; font-family: Calibri, Helvetica, Sans-Serif">
<tr>
    <td style="width: 5%; padding-bottom: 10pt; text-align: justify; font-size: 7.5pt; line-height: 115%">&nbsp;</td>
    <td style="vertical-align: top; width: 2%; padding-bottom: 10pt; text-align: justify; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%"><font style="font: 10pt/115% Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&bull;</font></td>
    <td style="vertical-align: top; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 10pt; text-align: justify; font-size: 7.5pt; line-height: 115%">&nbsp;</td>
    <td style="vertical-align: top; font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><font style="font-size: 10pt">debt securities owned by us or any other obligor upon the debt securities or by any affiliate of ours or of such other obligor shall be disregarded. </font></td></tr>
</table>
<P STYLE="font: 7.5pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">The indentures contain
provisions for convening meetings of the holders of debt securities of a series. A meeting will be permitted to be called at any
time by the applicable trustee, and also, upon request, by us or the holders of at least 25% in principal amount of the outstanding
debt securities of such series, in any such case upon notice given as provided in such indenture. Except for any consent that must
be given by the holder of each debt security affected by the modifications and amendments of an indenture described above, any
resolution presented at a meeting or adjourned meeting duly reconvened at which a quorum is present may be adopted by the affirmative
vote of the holders of a majority of the aggregate principal amount of the outstanding debt securities of that series represented
at such meeting.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 9pt 0 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">Notwithstanding
the preceding paragraph, except as referred to above, any resolution relating to a request, demand, authorization, direction, notice,
consent, waiver or other action that may be made, given or taken by the holders of a specified percentage, which is less than a
majority of the aggregate principal amount of the outstanding debt securities of a series, may be adopted at a meeting or adjourned
meeting duly reconvened at which a quorum is present by the affirmative vote of such specified percentage.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 9pt 0 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">Any resolution passed
or decision taken at any properly held meeting of holders of debt securities of any series will be binding on all holders of such
series. The quorum at any meeting called to adopt a resolution, and at any reconvened meeting, will be persons holding or representing
a majority in principal amount of the outstanding debt securities of a series. However, if any action is to be taken relating to
a consent or waiver which may be given by the holders of at least a specified percentage in principal amount of the outstanding
debt securities of a series, the persons holding such percentage will constitute a quorum.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 9pt 0 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">Notwithstanding
the foregoing provisions, the indentures provide that if any action is to be taken at a meeting with respect to any request, demand,
authorization, direction, notice, consent, waiver or other action that such indenture expressly provides may be made, given or
taken by the holders of a specified percentage in principal amount of all outstanding debt securities affected by such action,
or of the holders of such series and one or more additional series:</P>

<P STYLE="font: 4.5pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse; font-family: Calibri, Helvetica, Sans-Serif">
<tr>
    <td style="width: 5%; padding-bottom: 10pt; text-align: justify; font-size: 7.5pt; line-height: 115%">&nbsp;</td>
    <td style="vertical-align: top; width: 2%; padding-bottom: 10pt; text-align: justify; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%"><font style="font: 10pt/115% Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&bull;</font></td>
    <td style="vertical-align: top; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 10pt; text-align: justify; font-size: 7.5pt; line-height: 115%">&nbsp;</td>
    <td style="vertical-align: top; font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><font style="font-size: 10pt">there shall be no minimum quorum requirement for such meeting; and </font></td></tr>
</table>
<P STYLE="font: 4.5pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse; font-family: Calibri, Helvetica, Sans-Serif">
<tr>
    <td style="width: 5%; padding-bottom: 10pt; text-align: justify; font-size: 7.5pt; line-height: 115%">&nbsp;</td>
    <td style="vertical-align: top; width: 2%; padding-bottom: 10pt; text-align: justify; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%"><font style="font: 10pt/115% Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&bull;</font></td>
    <td style="vertical-align: top; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 10pt; text-align: justify; font-size: 7.5pt; line-height: 115%">&nbsp;</td>
    <td style="vertical-align: top; font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><font style="font-size: 10pt">the principal amount of the outstanding debt securities of such series that vote in favor of such request, demand, authorization, direction, notice, consent, waiver or other action shall be taken account in determining whether such request, demand, authorization, direction, notice, consent, waiver or other action has been made, given or taken under such indenture. </font></td></tr>
</table>
<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 13.5pt 0 0; text-align: justify"><B>Subordination </B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 4.5pt 0 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">Unless otherwise
provided in the applicable prospectus supplement, subordinated securities will be subject to the following subordination provisions.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 9pt 0 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">Upon any distribution
to our creditors in a liquidation, dissolution or reorganization, the payment of the principal of and interest on any subordinated
securities will be subordinated to the extent provided in the applicable indenture in right of payment to the prior payment in
full of all senior debt. However, our obligation to make payments of the principal of and interest on such subordinated securities
otherwise will not be affected. No payment of principal or interest will be permitted to be made on subordinated securities at
any time if a default on senior debt exists that permits the holders of such senior debt to accelerate its maturity and the default
is the subject of judicial proceedings or we receive notice of the default. After all senior debt is paid in full and until the
subordinated securities are paid in full, holders of subordinated securities will be subrogated to the rights of holders of senior
debt to the extent that distributions otherwise payable to holders of subordinated securities have been applied to the payment
of senior debt. The subordinated indenture will not restrict the amount of senior debt or other indebtedness of Solitario and its
subsidiaries. As a result of these subordination provisions, in the event of a distribution of assets upon insolvency, holders
of subordinated securities may recover less, ratably, than our general creditors.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 7.5pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">The term &ldquo;senior
debt&rdquo; will be defined in the applicable indenture as the principal of and interest on, or substantially similar payments
to be made by us in respect of, other outstanding indebtedness, whether outstanding at the date of execution of the applicable
indenture or subsequently incurred, created or assumed. The prospectus supplement may include a description of additional terms
implementing the subordination feature.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 9pt 0 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">No restrictions
will be included in any indenture relating to subordinated securities upon the creation of additional senior debt.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 9pt 0 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"></P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 9pt 0 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">If this prospectus
is being delivered in connection with the offering of a series of subordinated securities, the accompanying prospectus supplement
or the information incorporated in this prospectus by reference will set forth the approximate amount of senior debt outstanding
as of the end of our most recent fiscal quarter.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 13.5pt 0 0; text-align: justify"><B>Discharge, Defeasance and Covenant
Defeasance </B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 4.5pt 0 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">Unless otherwise
indicated in the applicable prospectus supplement, the indentures allow us to discharge our obligations to holders of any series
of debt securities issued under any indenture when:</P>

<P STYLE="font: 4.5pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse; font-family: Calibri, Helvetica, Sans-Serif">
<tr>
    <td style="width: 5%; padding-bottom: 10pt; text-align: justify; font-size: 7.5pt; line-height: 115%">&nbsp;</td>
    <td style="vertical-align: top; width: 2%; padding-bottom: 10pt; text-align: justify; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%"><font style="font: 10pt/115% Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&bull;</font></td>
    <td style="vertical-align: top; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 10pt; text-align: justify; font-size: 7.5pt; line-height: 115%">&nbsp;</td>
    <td style="vertical-align: top; font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><font style="font-size: 10pt">either (1)&nbsp;all securities of such series have already been delivered to the applicable trustee for cancellation; or (2)&nbsp;all securities of such series have not already been delivered to the applicable trustee for cancellation but (A)&nbsp;have become due and payable, (B)&nbsp;will become due and payable within one year, or (C)&nbsp;if redeemable at our option, are to be redeemed within one year, and we have irrevocably deposited with the applicable trustee, in trust, funds in such currency or currencies, currency unit or units or composite currency or currencies in which such debt securities are payable, an amount sufficient to pay the entire indebtedness on such debt securities in respect of principal and any premium, or make-whole amount, and interest to the date of such deposit if such debt securities have become due and payable or, if they have not, to the stated maturity or redemption date; </font></td></tr>
</table>
<P STYLE="font: 4.5pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse; font-family: Calibri, Helvetica, Sans-Serif">
<tr>
    <td style="width: 5%; padding-bottom: 10pt; text-align: justify; font-size: 7.5pt; line-height: 115%">&nbsp;</td>
    <td style="vertical-align: top; width: 2%; padding-bottom: 10pt; text-align: justify; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&bull;</font></td>
    <td style="vertical-align: top; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 10pt; text-align: justify; font-size: 7.5pt; line-height: 115%">&nbsp;</td>
    <td style="vertical-align: top; font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><font style="font-size: 10pt">we have paid or caused to be paid all other sums payable; and </font></td></tr>
</table>
<P STYLE="font: 4.5pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse; font-family: Calibri, Helvetica, Sans-Serif">
<tr>
    <td style="width: 5%; padding-bottom: 10pt; text-align: justify; font-size: 7.5pt; line-height: 115%">&nbsp;</td>
    <td style="vertical-align: top; width: 2%; padding-bottom: 10pt; text-align: justify; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&bull;</font></td>
    <td style="vertical-align: top; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 10pt; text-align: justify; font-size: 7.5pt; line-height: 115%">&nbsp;</td>
    <td style="vertical-align: top; font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><font style="font-size: 10pt">an officers&rsquo; certificate and an opinion of counsel stating the conditions to discharging the debt securities have been satisfied has been delivered to the trustee. </font></td></tr>
</table>
<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 9pt 0 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">Unless otherwise
indicated in the applicable prospectus supplement, the indentures provide that, upon our irrevocable deposit with the applicable
trustee, in trust, of an amount, in such currency or currencies, currency unit or units or composite currency or currencies in
which such debt securities are payable at stated maturity, or government obligations, or both, applicable to such debt securities,
which through the scheduled payment of principal and interest in accordance with their terms will provide money in an amount sufficient
to pay the principal of, and any premium, or make-whole amount, and interest on, such debt securities, and any mandatory sinking
fund or analogous payments thereon, on the scheduled due dates therefor, the issuing company may elect either:</P>

<P STYLE="font: 4.5pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse; font-family: Calibri, Helvetica, Sans-Serif">
<tr>
    <td style="width: 5%; padding-bottom: 10pt; text-align: justify; font-size: 7.5pt; line-height: 115%">&nbsp;</td>
    <td style="vertical-align: top; width: 2%; padding-bottom: 10pt; text-align: justify; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%"><font style="font: 10pt/115% Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&bull;</font></td>
    <td style="vertical-align: top; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 10pt; text-align: justify; font-size: 7.5pt; line-height: 115%">&nbsp;</td>
    <td style="vertical-align: top; font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><font style="font-size: 10pt">to defease and be discharged from any and all obligations with respect to such debt securities; or </font></td></tr>
</table>
<P STYLE="font: 4.5pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse; font-family: Calibri, Helvetica, Sans-Serif">
<tr>
    <td style="width: 5%; padding-bottom: 10pt; text-align: justify; font-size: 7.5pt; line-height: 115%">&nbsp;</td>
    <td style="vertical-align: top; width: 2%; padding-bottom: 10pt; text-align: justify; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%"><font style="font: 10pt/115% Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&bull;</font></td>
    <td style="vertical-align: top; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 10pt; text-align: justify; font-size: 7.5pt; line-height: 115%">&nbsp;</td>
    <td style="vertical-align: top; font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><font style="font-size: 10pt">to be released from its obligations with respect to such debt securities under the applicable indenture or, if provided in the applicable prospectus supplement, its obligations with respect to any other covenant, and any omission to comply with such obligations shall not constitute an event of default with respect to such debt securities. </font></td></tr>
</table>
<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 9pt 0 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">Notwithstanding
the above, we may not elect to defease and be discharged from the obligation to pay any additional amounts upon the occurrence
of particular events of tax, assessment or governmental charge with respect to payments on such debt securities and the obligations
to register the transfer or exchange of such debt securities, to replace temporary or mutilated, destroyed, lost or stolen debt
securities, to maintain an office or agency in respect of such debt securities, or to hold monies for payment in trust.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 7.5pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">The indentures only permit
us to establish the trust described in the paragraph above if, among other things, it has delivered to the applicable trustee an
opinion of counsel to the effect that the holders of such debt securities will not recognize income, gain or loss for United States
federal income tax purposes as a result of such defeasance or covenant defeasance and will be subject to United States federal
income tax on the same amounts, in the same manner and at the same times as would have been the case if such defeasance or covenant
defeasance had not occurred. Such opinion of counsel, in the case of defeasance, will be required to refer to and be based upon
a ruling received from or published by the Internal Revenue Service or a change in applicable United States federal income tax
law occurring after the date of the indenture. In the event of such defeasance, the holders of such debt securities would be able
to look only to such trust fund for payment of principal, any premium, or make-whole amount, and interest.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 9pt 0 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">When we use the
term &ldquo;government obligations,&rdquo; we mean securities that are:</P>

<P STYLE="font: 4.5pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse; font-family: Calibri, Helvetica, Sans-Serif">
<tr>
    <td style="width: 5%; padding-bottom: 10pt; text-align: justify; font-size: 7.5pt; line-height: 115%">&nbsp;</td>
    <td style="vertical-align: top; width: 2%; padding-bottom: 10pt; text-align: justify; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%"><font style="font: 10pt/115% Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&bull;</font></td>
    <td style="vertical-align: top; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 10pt; text-align: justify; font-size: 7.5pt; line-height: 115%">&nbsp;</td>
    <td style="vertical-align: top; font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><font style="font-size: 10pt">direct obligations of the United States or the government that issued the foreign currency in which the debt securities of a particular series are payable, for the payment of which its full faith and credit is pledged; or </font></td></tr>
</table>
<P STYLE="font: 4.5pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse; font-family: Calibri, Helvetica, Sans-Serif">
<tr>
    <td style="width: 5%; padding-bottom: 10pt; text-align: justify; font-size: 7.5pt; line-height: 115%">&nbsp;</td>
    <td style="vertical-align: top; width: 2%; padding-bottom: 10pt; text-align: justify; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%"><font style="font: 10pt/115% Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&bull;</font></td>
    <td style="vertical-align: top; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 10pt; text-align: justify; font-size: 7.5pt; line-height: 115%">&nbsp;</td>
    <td style="vertical-align: top; font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><font style="font-size: 10pt">obligations of a person controlled or supervised by and acting as an agency or instrumentality of the United States or other government that issued the foreign currency in which the debt securities of such series are payable, the payment of which is unconditionally guaranteed as a full faith and credit obligation by the United States or such other government, which are not callable or redeemable at the option of the issuer thereof and shall also include a depository receipt issued by a bank or trust company as custodian with respect to any such government obligation or a specific payment of interest on or principal of any such government obligation held by such custodian for the account of the holder of a depository receipt. However, except as required by law, such custodian is not authorized to make any deduction from the amount payable to the holder of such depository receipt from any amount received by the custodian in respect of the government obligation or the specific payment of interest on or principal of the government obligation evidenced by such depository receipt. </font></td></tr>
</table>
<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 9pt 0 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"></P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 9pt 0 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">Unless otherwise
provided in the applicable prospectus supplement, if after we have deposited funds and/or government obligations to effect defeasance
or covenant defeasance with respect to debt securities of any series, (1)&nbsp;the holder of a debt security of such series is
entitled to, and does, elect under the terms of the applicable indenture or the terms of such debt security to receive payment
in a currency, currency unit or composite currency other than that in which such deposit has been made in respect of such debt
security, or (2)&nbsp;a conversion event occurs in respect of the currency, currency unit or composite currency in which such
deposit has been made, the indebtedness represented by such debt security will be deemed to have been, and will be, fully discharged
and satisfied through the payment of the principal of, and premium, or make-whole amount, and interest on, such debt security
as they become due out of the proceeds yielded by converting the amount so deposited in respect of such debt security into the
currency, currency unit or composite currency in which such debt security becomes payable as a result of such election or such
cessation of usage based on the applicable market exchange rate.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 9pt 0 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">When we use the
term &ldquo;conversion event,&rdquo; we mean the cessation of use of:</P>

<P STYLE="font: 4.5pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse; font-family: Calibri, Helvetica, Sans-Serif">
<tr>
    <td style="width: 5%; padding-bottom: 10pt; text-align: justify; font-size: 7.5pt; line-height: 115%">&nbsp;</td>
    <td style="vertical-align: top; width: 2%; padding-bottom: 10pt; text-align: justify; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%"><font style="font: 10pt/115% Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&bull;</font></td>
    <td style="vertical-align: top; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 10pt; text-align: justify; font-size: 7.5pt; line-height: 115%">&nbsp;</td>
    <td style="vertical-align: top; font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><font style="font-size: 10pt">a currency, currency unit or composite currency both by the government of the country that issued such currency and for the settlement of transactions by a central bank or other public institutions of or within the international banking community; </font></td></tr>
</table>
<P STYLE="font: 4.5pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse; font-family: Calibri, Helvetica, Sans-Serif">
<tr>
    <td style="width: 5%; padding-bottom: 10pt; text-align: justify; font-size: 7.5pt; line-height: 115%">&nbsp;</td>
    <td style="vertical-align: top; width: 2%; padding-bottom: 10pt; text-align: justify; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%"><font style="font: 10pt/115% Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&bull;</font></td>
    <td style="vertical-align: top; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 10pt; text-align: justify; font-size: 7.5pt; line-height: 115%">&nbsp;</td>
    <td style="vertical-align: top; font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><font style="font-size: 10pt">the European Currency Unit both within the European Monetary System and for the settlement of transactions by public institutions of or within the European Communities; or </font></td></tr>
</table>
<P STYLE="font: 4.5pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse; font-family: Calibri, Helvetica, Sans-Serif">
<tr>
    <td style="width: 5%; padding-bottom: 10pt; text-align: justify; font-size: 7.5pt; line-height: 115%">&nbsp;</td>
    <td style="vertical-align: top; width: 2%; padding-bottom: 10pt; text-align: justify; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%"><font style="font: 10pt/115% Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&bull;</font></td>
    <td style="vertical-align: top; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 10pt; text-align: justify; font-size: 7.5pt; line-height: 115%">&nbsp;</td>
    <td style="vertical-align: top; font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><font style="font-size: 10pt">any currency unit or composite currency other than the European Currency Unit for the purposes for which it was established. </font></td></tr>
</table>
<P STYLE="font: 7.5pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 9pt 0 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">The applicable prospectus
supplement may further describe the provisions, if any, permitting such defeasance or covenant defeasance, including any modifications
to the provisions described above, with respect to the debt securities of or within a particular series.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 13.5pt 0 0; text-align: justify"><B>Conversion Rights </B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 4.5pt 0 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">The terms and
conditions, if any, upon which the debt securities are convertible into common stock or preferred stock will be set forth in the
applicable prospectus supplement. The terms will include whether the debt securities are convertible into shares of common stock
or preferred stock, the conversion price, or manner of calculation thereof, the conversion period, provisions as to whether conversion
will be at the issuing company&rsquo;s option or the option of the holders, the events requiring an adjustment of the conversion
price and provisions affecting conversion in the event of the redemption of the debt securities and any restrictions on conversion.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 13.5pt 0 0; text-align: justify"><B>Global Securities </B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 4.5pt 0 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">The debt securities
of a series may be issued in whole or in part in the form of one or more global securities that will be deposited with, or on behalf
of, a depository identified in the applicable prospectus supplement relating to such series. Global securities, if any, issued
in the United States are expected to be deposited with The Depository Trust Company, or DTC, as depository. We may issue global
securities in either registered or bearer form and in either temporary or permanent form. We will describe the specific terms of
the depository arrangement with respect to a series of debt securities in the applicable prospectus supplement relating to such
series. We expect that unless the applicable prospectus supplement provides otherwise, the following provisions will apply to depository
arrangements.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 9pt 0 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">Once a global security
is issued, the depository for such global security or its nominee will credit on its book-entry registration and transfer system
the respective principal amounts of the individual debt securities represented by such global security to the accounts of participants
that have accounts with such depository. Such accounts shall be designated by the underwriters, dealers or agents with respect
to such debt securities or by us if we offer such debt securities directly. Ownership of beneficial interests in such global security
will be limited to participants with the depository or persons that may hold interests through those participants.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 9pt 0 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"></P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 9pt 0 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">We expect that,
under procedures established by DTC, ownership of beneficial interests in any global security for which DTC is the depository
will be shown on, and the transfer of that ownership will be effected only through, records maintained by DTC or its nominee,
with respect to beneficial interests of participants with the depository, and records of participants, with respect to beneficial
interests of persons who hold through participants with the depository. Neither we nor the trustee will have any responsibility
or liability for any aspect of the records of DTC or for maintaining, supervising or reviewing any records of DTC or any of its
participants relating to beneficial ownership interests in the debt securities. The laws of some states require that certain purchasers
of securities take physical delivery of such securities in definitive form. Such limits and laws may impair the ability to own,
pledge or transfer beneficial interest in a global security.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 7.5pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">So long as the depository
for a global security or its nominee is the registered owner of such global security, such depository or such nominee, as the case
may be, will be considered the sole owner or holder of the debt securities represented by the global security for all purposes
under the applicable indenture. Except as described below or in the applicable prospectus supplement, owners of beneficial interest
in a global security will not be entitled to have any of the individual debt securities represented by such global security registered
in their names, will not receive or be entitled to receive physical delivery of any such debt securities in definitive form and
will not be considered the owners or holders thereof under the applicable indenture. Beneficial owners of debt securities evidenced
by a global security will not be considered the owners or holders thereof under the applicable indenture for any purpose, including
with respect to the giving of any direction, instructions or approvals to the trustee under the indenture. Accordingly, each person
owning a beneficial interest in a global security with respect to which DTC is the depository must rely on the procedures of DTC
and, if such person is not a participant with the depository, on the procedures of the participant through which such person owns
its interests, to exercise any rights of a holder under the applicable indenture. We understand that, under existing industry practice,
if DTC requests any action of holders or if an owner of a beneficial interest in a global security desires to give or take any
action which a holder is entitled to give or take under the applicable indenture, DTC would authorize the participants holding
the relevant beneficial interest to give or take such action, and such participants would authorize beneficial owners through such
participants to give or take such actions or would otherwise act upon the instructions of beneficial owners holding through them.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 9pt 0 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">Payments of principal
of, and any premium, or make-whole amount, and interest on, individual debt securities represented by a global security registered
in the name of a depository or its nominee will be made to or at the direction of the depository or its nominee, as the case may
be, as the registered owner of the global security under the applicable indenture. Under the terms of the applicable indenture,
we and the trustee may treat the persons in whose name debt securities, including a global security, are registered as the owners
thereof for the purpose of receiving such payments. Consequently, neither we nor the trustee have or will have any responsibility
or liability for the payment of such amounts to beneficial owners of debt securities including principal, any premium, or make-whole
amount, or interest. We believe, however, that it is currently the policy of DTC to immediately credit the accounts of relevant
participants with such payments, in amounts proportionate to their respective holdings of beneficial interests in the relevant
global security as shown on the records of DTC or its nominee. We also expect that payments by participants to owners of beneficial
interests in such global security held through such participants will be governed by standing instructions and customary practices,
as is the case with securities held for the account of customers in bearer form or registered in street name, and will be the responsibility
of such participants. Redemption notices with respect to any debt securities represented by a global security will be sent to the
depository or its nominee. If less than all of the debt securities of any series are to be redeemed, we expect the depository to
determine the amount of the interest of each participant in such debt securities to be redeemed to be determined by lot. Neither
we, the trustee, any paying agent nor the security registrar for such debt securities will have any responsibility or liability
for any aspect of the records relating to or payments made on account of beneficial ownership interests in the global security
for such debt securities or for maintaining any records with respect thereto.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 9pt 0 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">Neither we nor the
trustee will be liable for any delay by the holders of a global security or the depository in identifying the beneficial owners
of debt securities, and we and the trustee may conclusively rely on, and will be protected in relying on, instructions from the
holder of a global security or the depository for all purposes. The rules applicable to DTC and its participants are on file with
the SEC.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 9pt 0 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">If a depository
for any debt securities is at any time unwilling, unable or ineligible to continue as depository and we do not appoint a successor
depository within 90 days, we will issue individual debt securities in exchange for the global security representing such debt
securities. In addition, we may at any time and in their sole discretion, subject to any limitations described in the applicable
prospectus supplement relating to such debt securities, determine not to have any of such debt securities represented by one or
more global securities and in such event will issue individual debt securities in exchange for the global security or securities
representing such debt securities. Individual debt securities so issued will be issued in denominations of $1,000 and integral
multiples of $1,000.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 7.5pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">The debt securities of
a series may also be issued in whole or in part in the form of one or more bearer global securities that will be deposited with
a depository, or with a nominee for such depository, identified in the applicable prospectus supplement. Any such <BR>
</P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><BR>
bearer global
securities may be issued in temporary or permanent form. The specific terms and procedures, including the specific terms of the
depositary arrangement, with respect to any portion of a series of debt securities to be represented by one or more bearer global
securities will be described in the applicable prospectus supplement.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 13.5pt 0 0; text-align: justify"><B>No Recourse </B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 4.5pt 0 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">There is no recourse
under any obligation, covenant or agreement in the applicable indenture or with respect to any security against any past, present
or future stockholders, employees, officers, directors or agents, as such, of ours or of any successor.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 7.5pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: center"><B>DESCRIPTION OF PREFERRED STOCK </B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 9pt 0 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">We are authorized
to issue 10,000,000 shares of preferred stock. As of the date of this prospectus, no shares of our preferred stock were outstanding.
The following summary of certain provisions of our preferred stock does not purport to be complete. You should refer to our Amended
and Restated Articles of Incorporation, as amended (the &ldquo;Articles&rdquo;), and our amended and restated by-laws, or the By-laws,
both of which are included as exhibits to the registration statement we have filed with the SEC in connection with this offering.
The summary below is also qualified by provisions of applicable law.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 13.5pt 0 0; text-align: justify"><B>General Terms </B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 4.5pt 0 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">Our board of directors
may, without further action by our stockholders, from time to time, direct the issuance of shares of preferred stock in series
and may, at the time of issuance, determine the rights, preferences and limitations of each series, including voting rights, dividend
rights and redemption and liquidation preferences. Satisfaction of any dividend preferences of outstanding shares of preferred
stock would reduce the amount of funds available for the payment of dividends on shares of our common stock (although we do not
anticipate paying any dividends to the holders of our common stock in the foreseeable future). Holders of shares of preferred stock
may be entitled to receive a preference payment in the event of any liquidation, dissolution or winding-up of our company before
any payment is made to the holders of shares of our common stock. In some circumstances, the issuance of shares of preferred stock
may render more difficult or tend to discourage a merger, tender offer or proxy contest, the assumption of control by a holder
of a large block of our securities or the removal of incumbent management as discussed below. Upon the affirmative vote of our
board of directors, without stockholder approval, we may issue shares of preferred stock with voting and conversion rights which
could adversely affect the holders of shares of our common stock.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 9pt 0 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">If we offer a specific
series of preferred stock under this prospectus, we will describe the terms of the preferred stock in the prospectus supplement
for such offering and will file a copy of the articles of amendment to the Articles establishing the terms of the preferred stock
with the SEC. To the extent required, this description will include:</P>

<P STYLE="font: 4.5pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse; font-family: Calibri, Helvetica, Sans-Serif">
<tr>
    <td style="width: 5%; text-align: justify; font-size: 7.5pt; line-height: 115%">&nbsp;</td>
    <td style="vertical-align: top; width: 2%; text-align: justify; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%"><font style="font: 10pt/115% Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&bull;</font></td>
    <td style="vertical-align: top; width: 1%; text-align: justify; font-size: 7.5pt; line-height: 115%">&nbsp;</td>
    <td style="vertical-align: top; font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><font style="font-size: 10pt">the title and stated value; </font></td></tr>
</table>
<P STYLE="font: 4.5pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse; font-family: Calibri, Helvetica, Sans-Serif">
<tr>
    <td style="width: 5%; text-align: justify; font-size: 7.5pt; line-height: 115%">&nbsp;</td>
    <td style="vertical-align: top; width: 2%; text-align: justify; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%"><font style="font: 10pt/115% Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&bull;</font></td>
    <td style="vertical-align: top; width: 1%; text-align: justify; font-size: 7.5pt; line-height: 115%">&nbsp;</td>
    <td style="vertical-align: top; font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><font style="font-size: 10pt">the number of shares offered, the liquidation preference per share and the purchase price; </font></td></tr>
</table>
<P STYLE="font: 4.5pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse; font-family: Calibri, Helvetica, Sans-Serif">
<tr>
    <td style="width: 5%; text-align: justify; font-size: 7.5pt; line-height: 115%">&nbsp;</td>
    <td style="vertical-align: top; width: 2%; text-align: justify; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%"><font style="font: 10pt/115% Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&bull;</font></td>
    <td style="vertical-align: top; width: 1%; text-align: justify; font-size: 7.5pt; line-height: 115%">&nbsp;</td>
    <td style="vertical-align: top; font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><font style="font-size: 10pt">the dividend rate(s), period(s) and/or payment date(s), or method(s) of calculation for such dividends; </font></td></tr>
</table>
<P STYLE="font: 4.5pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse; font-family: Calibri, Helvetica, Sans-Serif">
<tr>
    <td style="width: 5%; text-align: justify; font-size: 7.5pt; line-height: 115%">&nbsp;</td>
    <td style="vertical-align: top; width: 2%; text-align: justify; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%"><font style="font: 10pt/115% Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&bull;</font></td>
    <td style="vertical-align: top; width: 1%; text-align: justify; font-size: 7.5pt; line-height: 115%">&nbsp;</td>
    <td style="vertical-align: top; font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><font style="font-size: 10pt">whether dividends will be cumulative or non-cumulative and, if cumulative, the date from which dividends will accumulate; </font></td></tr>
</table>
<P STYLE="font: 4.5pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse; font-family: Calibri, Helvetica, Sans-Serif">
<tr>
    <td style="width: 5%; text-align: justify; font-size: 7.5pt; line-height: 115%">&nbsp;</td>
    <td style="vertical-align: top; width: 2%; text-align: justify; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%"><font style="font: 10pt/115% Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&bull;</font></td>
    <td style="vertical-align: top; width: 1%; text-align: justify; font-size: 7.5pt; line-height: 115%">&nbsp;</td>
    <td style="vertical-align: top; font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><font style="font-size: 10pt">the procedures for any auction and remarketing, if any; </font></td></tr>
</table>
<P STYLE="font: 4.5pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse; font-family: Calibri, Helvetica, Sans-Serif">
<tr>
    <td style="width: 5%; text-align: justify; font-size: 7.5pt; line-height: 115%">&nbsp;</td>
    <td style="vertical-align: top; width: 2%; text-align: justify; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%"><font style="font: 10pt/115% Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&bull;</font></td>
    <td style="vertical-align: top; width: 1%; text-align: justify; font-size: 7.5pt; line-height: 115%">&nbsp;</td>
    <td style="vertical-align: top; font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><font style="font-size: 10pt">the provisions for a sinking fund, if any; </font></td></tr>
</table>
<P STYLE="font: 4.5pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse; font-family: Calibri, Helvetica, Sans-Serif">
<tr>
    <td style="width: 5%; text-align: justify; font-size: 7.5pt; line-height: 115%">&nbsp;</td>
    <td style="vertical-align: top; width: 2%; text-align: justify; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%"><font style="font: 10pt/115% Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&bull;</font></td>
    <td style="vertical-align: top; width: 1%; text-align: justify; font-size: 7.5pt; line-height: 115%">&nbsp;</td>
    <td style="vertical-align: top; font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><font style="font-size: 10pt">the provisions for redemption, if applicable; </font></td></tr>
</table>
<P STYLE="font: 4.5pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse; font-family: Calibri, Helvetica, Sans-Serif">
<tr>
    <td style="width: 5%; text-align: justify; font-size: 7.5pt; line-height: 115%">&nbsp;</td>
    <td style="vertical-align: top; width: 2%; text-align: justify; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%"><font style="font: 10pt/115% Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&bull;</font></td>
    <td style="vertical-align: top; width: 1%; text-align: justify; font-size: 7.5pt; line-height: 115%">&nbsp;</td>
    <td style="vertical-align: top; font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><font style="font-size: 10pt">any listing of the preferred stock on any securities exchange or market; </font></td></tr>
</table>
<P STYLE="font: 4.5pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse; font-family: Calibri, Helvetica, Sans-Serif">
<tr>
    <td style="width: 5%; text-align: justify; font-size: 7.5pt; line-height: 115%">&nbsp;</td>
    <td style="vertical-align: top; width: 2%; text-align: justify; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%"><font style="font: 10pt/115% Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&bull;</font></td>
    <td style="vertical-align: top; width: 1%; text-align: justify; font-size: 7.5pt; line-height: 115%">&nbsp;</td>
    <td style="vertical-align: top; font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><font style="font-size: 10pt">whether the preferred stock will be convertible into our common stock, and, if applicable, the conversion price (or how it will be calculated) and conversion period; </font></td></tr>
</table>
<P STYLE="font: 4.5pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse; font-family: Calibri, Helvetica, Sans-Serif">
<tr>
    <td style="width: 5%; text-align: justify; font-size: 7.5pt; line-height: 115%">&nbsp;</td>
    <td style="vertical-align: top; width: 2%; text-align: justify; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%"><font style="font: 10pt/115% Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&bull;</font></td>
    <td style="vertical-align: top; width: 1%; text-align: justify; font-size: 7.5pt; line-height: 115%">&nbsp;</td>
    <td style="vertical-align: top; font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><font style="font-size: 10pt">whether the preferred stock will be exchangeable into debt securities, and, if applicable, the exchange price (or how it will be calculated) and exchange period; </font></td></tr>
</table>
<P STYLE="font: 4.5pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse; font-family: Calibri, Helvetica, Sans-Serif">
<tr>
    <td style="width: 5%; text-align: justify; font-size: 7.5pt; line-height: 115%">&nbsp;</td>
    <td style="vertical-align: top; width: 2%; text-align: justify; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%"><font style="font: 10pt/115% Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&bull;</font></td>
    <td style="vertical-align: top; width: 1%; text-align: justify; font-size: 7.5pt; line-height: 115%">&nbsp;</td>
    <td style="vertical-align: top; font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><font style="font-size: 10pt">voting rights, if any, of the preferred stock; </font></td></tr>
</table>
<P STYLE="font: 4.5pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse; font-family: Calibri, Helvetica, Sans-Serif">
<tr>
    <td style="width: 5%; text-align: justify; font-size: 7.5pt; line-height: 115%">&nbsp;</td>
    <td style="vertical-align: top; width: 2%; text-align: justify; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%"><font style="font: 10pt/115% Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&bull;</font></td>
    <td style="vertical-align: top; width: 1%; text-align: justify; font-size: 7.5pt; line-height: 115%">&nbsp;</td>
    <td style="vertical-align: top; font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><font style="font-size: 10pt">a discussion of any material and/or special United States federal income tax considerations applicable to the preferred stock; </font></td></tr>
</table>
<P STYLE="font: 4.5pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

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<P STYLE="font: 4.5pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"></P>

<table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse; font-family: Calibri, Helvetica, Sans-Serif">
<tr>
    <td style="width: 5%; text-align: justify; font-size: 7.5pt; line-height: 115%">&nbsp;</td>
    <td style="vertical-align: top; width: 2%; text-align: justify; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%"><font style="font: 10pt/115% Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&bull;</font></td>
    <td style="vertical-align: top; width: 1%; text-align: justify; font-size: 7.5pt; line-height: 115%">&nbsp;</td>
    <td style="vertical-align: top; font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><font style="font-size: 10pt">the relative ranking and preferences of the preferred stock as to dividend rights and rights upon liquidation, dissolution or winding up of the affairs of Solitario; and </font></td></tr>
</table>
<P STYLE="font: 7.5pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse; font-family: Calibri, Helvetica, Sans-Serif">
<tr>
    <td style="width: 5%; text-align: justify; font-size: 7.5pt; line-height: 115%">&nbsp;</td>
    <td style="vertical-align: top; width: 2%; text-align: justify; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%"><font style="font: 10pt/115% Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&bull;</font></td>
    <td style="vertical-align: top; width: 1%; text-align: justify; font-size: 7.5pt; line-height: 115%">&nbsp;</td>
    <td style="vertical-align: top; font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><font style="font-size: 10pt">any material limitations on issuance of any class or series of preferred stock ranking senior to or on a parity with the series of preferred stock as to dividend rights and rights upon liquidation, dissolution or winding up of Solitario. </font></td></tr>
</table>
<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 9pt 0 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">The preferred stock
offered by this prospectus will, when issued not have, or be subject to, any preemptive or similar rights.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 13.5pt 0 0; text-align: justify"><B>Transfer Agent and Registrar </B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 4.5pt 0 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">The transfer agent
and registrar for our preferred stock in the United States will be Computershare Trust Company, N.A. and in Canada is Computershare
Investor Services Inc.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 7.5pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: center"><B>DESCRIPTION OF COMMON STOCK </B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 9pt 0 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">The following summary
of certain rights and terms of our common stock does not purport to be complete. You should refer to our Articles, and our By-laws,
both of which are included as exhibits to the registration statement we have filed with the SEC in connection with this offering.
The summary below is also qualified by provisions of applicable law.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 13.5pt 0 0"><B>General Terms </B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 4.5pt 0 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">We are
authorized to issue 100,000,000 shares of common stock. On April 15, 2014, we had 39,212,689 shares of common stock
outstanding and approximately 141 stockholders of record. Except as otherwise provided by any series of preferred stock that
may later be created, holders of our common stock have exclusive voting rights for the election of directors and for all
other purposes. Holders of our common stock are entitled to one vote per share on all matters to be voted upon by our
stockholders. Neither our Articles nor our By-laws authorize cumulative voting. The holders of our common stock are entitled
to receive dividends, if any, as may be declared from time to time by our board of directors out of funds legally available
for the payment of dividends, subject to the rights of any series of preferred stock. In the event of a liquidation,
dissolution or winding up of Solitario, the holders of our common stock are entitled to share ratably in all assets remaining
after payment of the preferential amounts, if any, to which the holders of our preferred stock, if any, are entitled. Our
common stock has no preemptive, conversion or other subscription rights. There are no redemption or sinking fund provisions
applicable to our common stock. All of our outstanding shares of common stock are fully paid and non-assessable.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 13.5pt 0 0; text-align: justify"><B>Our Board of Directors </B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 4.5pt 0 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">Our board of directors
currently has five (5)&nbsp;members. Our Articles and our By-laws provide that the number of directors shall be fixed from time
to time by resolution adopted by the vote of a majority of the directors then in office, but shall in no event be less than three
(except that there need be only as many directors as there are stockholders in the event the outstanding shares are held of record
by fewer than three stockholders) nor more than nine. Our Articles provide that, upon the first election of directors by the stockholders
after an increase in the number of directors to nine or more, the board of directors shall be divided into three nearly equal classes,
with each classes&rsquo; term expiring on a staggered basis. Vacancies and newly created directorships may be filled by a majority
of the directors then in office, though less than a quorum. Directors may be removed with or without cause by the affirmative vote
of a majority&nbsp;of the outstanding shares of capital stock entitled to vote generally in the election of directors cast at a
meeting of the stockholders called for that purpose. If a director is elected by a voting group of stockholders, only the stockholders
of that voting group may participate in the vote to remove that director.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 13.5pt 0 0"><B>Transfer Agent and Registrar </B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 4.5pt 0 0; text-indent: 0.5in">The transfer agent and registrar for
our common stock in the United States is Computershare Trust Company, N.A. and in Canada is Computershare Investor Services Inc.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 13.5pt 0 0"><B>NYSE MKT and Toronto Stock Exchange </B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 4.5pt 0 0; text-indent: 0.5in">Our common stock is listed for quotation
on the NYSE MKT under the symbol &ldquo;XPL&rdquo; and on the Toronto Stock Exchange under the symbol &ldquo;SLR.&rdquo;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 7.5pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: center"><B>DESCRIPTION OF WARRANTS </B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 9pt 0 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"></P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 9pt 0 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">Currently there
is one warrant outstanding to acquire 1,624,748 shares of Company common stock which was issued in 2012 in connection with the
Company obtaining a credit facility. That warrant was issued in a private transaction. Except for such warrant, as of the date
of this prospectus, no warrants to purchase shares of our common stock, preferred stock and/or debt securities were outstanding.
We may issue warrants to purchase shares of our common stock, preferred stock and/or debt securities in one or more series together
with other securities or separately, as described in the applicable prospectus supplement. Below is a description of certain general
terms and provisions of the warrants that we may offer. Particular terms of the warrants will be described in the warrant agreements
and the prospectus supplement to the warrants.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 9pt 0 0; text-indent: 0.5in">The applicable prospectus supplement
will contain, where applicable, the following terms of and other information relating to the warrants:</P>

<P STYLE="font: 4.5pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>

<table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse; font-family: Calibri, Helvetica, Sans-Serif">
<tr>
    <td style="width: 5%; font-size: 7.5pt; line-height: 115%">&nbsp;</td>
    <td style="vertical-align: top; width: 2%; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%"><font style="font: 10pt/115% Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&bull;</font></td>
    <td style="vertical-align: top; width: 1%; font-size: 7.5pt; line-height: 115%">&nbsp;</td>
    <td style="vertical-align: top; font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><font style="font-size: 10pt">the specific designation and aggregate number of, and the price at which we will issue, the warrants; </font></td></tr>
</table>
<P STYLE="font: 4.5pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>

<table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse; font-family: Calibri, Helvetica, Sans-Serif">
<tr>
    <td style="width: 5%; font-size: 7.5pt; line-height: 115%">&nbsp;</td>
    <td style="vertical-align: top; width: 2%; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%"><font style="font: 10pt/115% Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&bull;</font></td>
    <td style="vertical-align: top; width: 1%; font-size: 7.5pt; line-height: 115%">&nbsp;</td>
    <td style="vertical-align: top; font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><font style="font-size: 10pt">the currency or currency units in which the offering price, if any, and the exercise price are payable; </font></td></tr>
</table>
<P STYLE="font: 4.5pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>

<table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse; font-family: Calibri, Helvetica, Sans-Serif">
<tr>
    <td style="width: 5%; font-size: 7.5pt; line-height: 115%">&nbsp;</td>
    <td style="vertical-align: top; width: 2%; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%"><font style="font: 10pt/115% Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&bull;</font></td>
    <td style="vertical-align: top; width: 1%; font-size: 7.5pt; line-height: 115%">&nbsp;</td>
    <td style="vertical-align: top; font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><font style="font-size: 10pt">the designation, amount and terms of the securities purchasable upon exercise of the warrants; </font></td></tr>
</table>
<P STYLE="font: 4.5pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>

<table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse; font-family: Calibri, Helvetica, Sans-Serif">
<tr>
    <td style="width: 5%; font-size: 7.5pt; line-height: 115%">&nbsp;</td>
    <td style="vertical-align: top; width: 2%; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%"><font style="font: 10pt/115% Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&bull;</font></td>
    <td style="vertical-align: top; width: 1%; font-size: 7.5pt; line-height: 115%">&nbsp;</td>
    <td style="vertical-align: top; font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><font style="font-size: 10pt">if applicable, the exercise price for shares of our common stock and the number of shares of common stock to be received upon exercise of the warrants; </font></td></tr>
</table>
<P STYLE="font: 4.5pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>

<table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse; font-family: Calibri, Helvetica, Sans-Serif">
<tr>
    <td style="width: 5%; font-size: 7.5pt; line-height: 115%">&nbsp;</td>
    <td style="vertical-align: top; width: 2%; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%"><font style="font: 10pt/115% Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&bull;</font></td>
    <td style="vertical-align: top; width: 1%; font-size: 7.5pt; line-height: 115%">&nbsp;</td>
    <td style="vertical-align: top; font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><font style="font-size: 10pt">if applicable, the exercise price for shares of our preferred stock, the number of shares of preferred stock to be received upon exercise, and a description of that series of our preferred stock; </font></td></tr>
</table>
<P STYLE="font: 4.5pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>

<table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse; font-family: Calibri, Helvetica, Sans-Serif">
<tr>
    <td style="width: 5%; font-size: 7.5pt; line-height: 115%">&nbsp;</td>
    <td style="vertical-align: top; width: 2%; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%"><font style="font: 10pt/115% Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&bull;</font></td>
    <td style="vertical-align: top; width: 1%; font-size: 7.5pt; line-height: 115%">&nbsp;</td>
    <td style="vertical-align: top; font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><font style="font-size: 10pt">if applicable, the exercise price for our debt securities, the amount of debt securities to be received upon exercise, and a description of that series of debt securities; </font></td></tr>
</table>
<P STYLE="font: 4.5pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>

<table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse; font-family: Calibri, Helvetica, Sans-Serif">
<tr>
    <td style="width: 5%; font-size: 7.5pt; line-height: 115%">&nbsp;</td>
    <td style="vertical-align: top; width: 2%; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%"><font style="font: 10pt/115% Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&bull;</font></td>
    <td style="vertical-align: top; width: 1%; font-size: 7.5pt; line-height: 115%">&nbsp;</td>
    <td style="vertical-align: top; font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><font style="font-size: 10pt">the date on which the right to exercise the warrants will begin and the date on which that right will expire or, if you may not continuously exercise the warrants throughout that period, the specific date or dates on which you may exercise the warrants; </font></td></tr>
</table>
<P STYLE="font: 4.5pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>

<table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse; font-family: Calibri, Helvetica, Sans-Serif">
<tr>
    <td style="width: 5%; font-size: 7.5pt; line-height: 115%">&nbsp;</td>
    <td style="vertical-align: top; width: 2%; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%"><font style="font: 10pt/115% Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&bull;</font></td>
    <td style="vertical-align: top; width: 1%; font-size: 7.5pt; line-height: 115%">&nbsp;</td>
    <td style="vertical-align: top; font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><font style="font-size: 10pt">whether the warrants will be issued in fully registered form or bearer form, in definitive or global form or in any combination of these forms, although, in any case, the form of a warrant included in a unit will correspond to the form of the unit and of any security included in that unit; </font></td></tr>
</table>
<P STYLE="font: 4.5pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>

<table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse; font-family: Calibri, Helvetica, Sans-Serif">
<tr>
    <td style="width: 5%; font-size: 7.5pt; line-height: 115%">&nbsp;</td>
    <td style="vertical-align: top; width: 2%; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%"><font style="font: 10pt/115% Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&bull;</font></td>
    <td style="vertical-align: top; width: 1%; font-size: 7.5pt; line-height: 115%">&nbsp;</td>
    <td style="vertical-align: top; font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><font style="font-size: 10pt">any applicable material United States federal income tax consequences; </font></td></tr>
</table>
<P STYLE="font: 4.5pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>

<table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse; font-family: Calibri, Helvetica, Sans-Serif">
<tr>
    <td style="width: 5%; font-size: 7.5pt; line-height: 115%">&nbsp;</td>
    <td style="vertical-align: top; width: 2%; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%"><font style="font: 10pt/115% Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&bull;</font></td>
    <td style="vertical-align: top; width: 1%; font-size: 7.5pt; line-height: 115%">&nbsp;</td>
    <td style="vertical-align: top; font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><font style="font-size: 10pt">the identity of the warrant agent for the warrants and of any other depositaries, execution or paying agents, transfer agents, registrars or other agents; </font></td></tr>
</table>
<P STYLE="font: 4.5pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>

<table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse; font-family: Calibri, Helvetica, Sans-Serif">
<tr>
    <td style="width: 5%; font-size: 7.5pt; line-height: 115%">&nbsp;</td>
    <td style="vertical-align: top; width: 2%; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%"><font style="font: 10pt/115% Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&bull;</font></td>
    <td style="vertical-align: top; width: 1%; font-size: 7.5pt; line-height: 115%">&nbsp;</td>
    <td style="vertical-align: top; font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><font style="font-size: 10pt">the proposed listing, if any, of the warrants or any securities purchasable upon exercise of the warrants on any securities exchange; </font></td></tr>
</table>
<P STYLE="font: 4.5pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>

<table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse; font-family: Calibri, Helvetica, Sans-Serif">
<tr>
    <td style="width: 5%; font-size: 7.5pt; line-height: 115%">&nbsp;</td>
    <td style="vertical-align: top; width: 2%; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%"><font style="font: 10pt/115% Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&bull;</font></td>
    <td style="vertical-align: top; width: 1%; font-size: 7.5pt; line-height: 115%">&nbsp;</td>
    <td style="vertical-align: top; font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><font style="font-size: 10pt">if applicable, the date from and after which the warrants and the common stock, preferred stock and/or debt securities will be separately transferable; </font></td></tr>
</table>
<P STYLE="font: 4.5pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>

<table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse; font-family: Calibri, Helvetica, Sans-Serif">
<tr>
    <td style="width: 5%; font-size: 7.5pt; line-height: 115%">&nbsp;</td>
    <td style="vertical-align: top; width: 2%; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%"><font style="font: 10pt/115% Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&bull;</font></td>
    <td style="vertical-align: top; width: 1%; font-size: 7.5pt; line-height: 115%">&nbsp;</td>
    <td style="vertical-align: top; font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><font style="font-size: 10pt">if applicable, the minimum or maximum amount of the warrants that may be exercised at any one time; </font></td></tr>
</table>
<P STYLE="font: 4.5pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>

<table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse; font-family: Calibri, Helvetica, Sans-Serif">
<tr>
    <td style="width: 5%; font-size: 7.5pt; line-height: 115%">&nbsp;</td>
    <td style="vertical-align: top; width: 2%; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%"><font style="font: 10pt/115% Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&bull;</font></td>
    <td style="vertical-align: top; width: 1%; font-size: 7.5pt; line-height: 115%">&nbsp;</td>
    <td style="vertical-align: top; font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><font style="font-size: 10pt">information with respect to book-entry procedures, if any; </font></td></tr>
</table>
<P STYLE="font: 4.5pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>

<table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse; font-family: Calibri, Helvetica, Sans-Serif">
<tr>
    <td style="width: 5%; font-size: 7.5pt; line-height: 115%">&nbsp;</td>
    <td style="vertical-align: top; width: 2%; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%"><font style="font: 10pt/115% Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&bull;</font></td>
    <td style="vertical-align: top; width: 1%; font-size: 7.5pt; line-height: 115%">&nbsp;</td>
    <td style="vertical-align: top; font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><font style="font-size: 10pt">the anti-dilution provisions of the warrants, if any; </font></td></tr>
</table>
<P STYLE="font: 4.5pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>

<table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse; font-family: Calibri, Helvetica, Sans-Serif">
<tr>
    <td style="width: 5%; font-size: 7.5pt; line-height: 115%">&nbsp;</td>
    <td style="vertical-align: top; width: 2%; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%"><font style="font: 10pt/115% Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&bull;</font></td>
    <td style="vertical-align: top; width: 1%; font-size: 7.5pt; line-height: 115%">&nbsp;</td>
    <td style="vertical-align: top; font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><font style="font-size: 10pt">any redemption or call provisions; </font></td></tr>
</table>
<P STYLE="font: 4.5pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>

<table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse; font-family: Calibri, Helvetica, Sans-Serif">
<tr>
    <td style="width: 5%; font-size: 7.5pt; line-height: 115%">&nbsp;</td>
    <td style="vertical-align: top; width: 2%; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%"><font style="font: 10pt/115% Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&bull;</font></td>
    <td style="vertical-align: top; width: 1%; font-size: 7.5pt; line-height: 115%">&nbsp;</td>
    <td style="vertical-align: top; font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><font style="font-size: 10pt">whether the warrants are to be sold separately or with other securities as parts of units; and </font></td></tr>
</table>
<P STYLE="font: 4.5pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>

<table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse; font-family: Calibri, Helvetica, Sans-Serif">
<tr>
    <td style="width: 5%; font-size: 7.5pt; line-height: 115%">&nbsp;</td>
    <td style="vertical-align: top; width: 2%; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%"><font style="font: 10pt/115% Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&bull;</font></td>
    <td style="vertical-align: top; width: 1%; font-size: 7.5pt; line-height: 115%">&nbsp;</td>
    <td style="vertical-align: top; font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><font style="font-size: 10pt">any additional terms of the warrants, including terms, procedures and limitations relating to the exchange and exercise of the warrants. </font></td></tr>
</table>
<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 13.5pt 0 0"><B>Transfer Agent and Registrar </B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 4.5pt 0 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">The transfer agent
and registrar for any warrants will be set forth in the applicable prospectus supplement.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 7.5pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: center"><B>DESCRIPTION OF UNITS</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 9pt 0 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">This section outlines
some of the provisions of the units and the unit agreements. This information may not be complete in all respects and is qualified
entirely by reference to the unit agreement with respect to the units of any particular series. The specific terms <BR>
</P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 9pt 0 0; text-align: justify"><BR>
of any series
of units will be described in the applicable prospectus supplement. If so described in a particular supplement, the specific terms
of any series of units may differ from the general description of terms presented below.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">We may issue units comprised
of shares of preferred stock, shares of common stock, warrants and debt securities in any combination. Each unit will be issued
so that the holder of the unit is also the holder of each security included in the unit. Thus, the holder of a unit will have the
rights and obligations of a holder of each included security. The unit agreement under which a unit is issued may provide that
the securities included in the unit may not be held or transferred separately, at any time or at any time before a specified date.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">The applicable prospectus
supplement may describe:</P>

<P STYLE="font: 4.5pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse; font-family: Calibri, Helvetica, Sans-Serif">
<tr>
    <td style="width: 5%; text-align: justify; font-size: 7.5pt; line-height: 115%">&nbsp;</td>
    <td style="vertical-align: top; width: 2%; text-align: justify; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&bull;</font></td>
    <td style="vertical-align: top; width: 1%; text-align: justify; font-size: 7.5pt; line-height: 115%">&nbsp;</td>
    <td style="vertical-align: top; font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><font style="font-size: 10pt">the designation and terms of the units and of the securities comprising the units, including whether and under what circumstances those securities may be held or transferred separately; </font></td></tr>
</table>
<P STYLE="font: 4.5pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse; font-family: Calibri, Helvetica, Sans-Serif">
<tr>
    <td style="width: 5%; text-align: justify; font-size: 7.5pt; line-height: 115%">&nbsp;</td>
    <td style="vertical-align: top; width: 2%; text-align: justify; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&bull;</font></td>
    <td style="vertical-align: top; width: 1%; text-align: justify; font-size: 7.5pt; line-height: 115%">&nbsp;</td>
    <td style="vertical-align: top; font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><font style="font-size: 10pt">any provisions of the governing unit agreement; </font></td></tr>
</table>
<P STYLE="font: 4.5pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse; font-family: Calibri, Helvetica, Sans-Serif">
<tr>
    <td style="width: 5%; text-align: justify; font-size: 7.5pt; line-height: 115%">&nbsp;</td>
    <td style="vertical-align: top; width: 2%; text-align: justify; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&bull;</font></td>
    <td style="vertical-align: top; width: 1%; text-align: justify; font-size: 7.5pt; line-height: 115%">&nbsp;</td>
    <td style="vertical-align: top; font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><font style="font-size: 10pt">the price or prices at which such units will be issued; </font></td></tr>
</table>
<P STYLE="font: 4.5pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse; font-family: Calibri, Helvetica, Sans-Serif">
<tr>
    <td style="width: 5%; text-align: justify; font-size: 7.5pt; line-height: 115%">&nbsp;</td>
    <td style="vertical-align: top; width: 2%; text-align: justify; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&bull;</font></td>
    <td style="vertical-align: top; width: 1%; text-align: justify; font-size: 7.5pt; line-height: 115%">&nbsp;</td>
    <td style="vertical-align: top; font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><font style="font-size: 10pt">the applicable United States federal income tax considerations relating to the units; </font></td></tr>
</table>
<P STYLE="font: 4.5pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse; font-family: Calibri, Helvetica, Sans-Serif">
<tr>
    <td style="width: 5%; text-align: justify; font-size: 7.5pt; line-height: 115%">&nbsp;</td>
    <td style="vertical-align: top; width: 2%; text-align: justify; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&bull;</font></td>
    <td style="vertical-align: top; width: 1%; text-align: justify; font-size: 7.5pt; line-height: 115%">&nbsp;</td>
    <td style="vertical-align: top; font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><font style="font-size: 10pt">any provisions for the issuance, payment, settlement, transfer or exchange of the units or of the securities comprising the units; and </font></td></tr>
</table>
<P STYLE="font: 4.5pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse; font-family: Calibri, Helvetica, Sans-Serif">
<tr>
    <td style="width: 5%; text-align: justify; font-size: 7.5pt; line-height: 115%">&nbsp;</td>
    <td style="vertical-align: top; width: 2%; text-align: justify; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&bull;</font></td>
    <td style="vertical-align: top; width: 1%; text-align: justify; font-size: 7.5pt; line-height: 115%">&nbsp;</td>
    <td style="vertical-align: top; font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><font style="font-size: 10pt">any other terms of the units and of the securities comprising the units. </font></td></tr>
</table>
<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 9pt 0 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">The provisions described
in this section, as well as those described under &ldquo;Description of Preferred Stock,&rdquo; &ldquo;Description of Common Stock,&rdquo;
&ldquo;Description of Warrants&rdquo; and &ldquo;Description of Debt Securities&rdquo; will apply to the securities included in
each unit, to the extent relevant.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 13.5pt 0 0; text-align: justify"><B>Issuance in Series </B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 4.5pt 0 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">We may issue units
in such amounts and in as many distinct series as we wish. This section summarizes terms of the units that apply generally to all
series. Most of the financial and other specific terms of your series will be described in the applicable prospectus supplement.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 13.5pt 0 0; text-align: justify"><B>Unit Agreements </B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 4.5pt 0 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">We will issue
the units under one or more unit agreements to be entered into between us and a bank or other financial institution, as unit agent.
We may add, replace or terminate unit agents from time to time. We will identify the unit agreement under which each series of
units will be issued and the unit agent under that agreement in the applicable prospectus supplement.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 9pt 0 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">The following provisions
will generally apply to all unit agreements unless otherwise stated in the applicable prospectus supplement.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 13.5pt 0 0; text-align: justify"><B>Modification Without Consent </B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 13.5pt 0 0; text-align: justify"></P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 13.5pt 0 0; text-align: justify"></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 4.5pt 0 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">We and the applicable
unit agent may amend any unit or unit agreement without the consent of any holder:</P>

<P STYLE="font: 4.5pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse; font-family: Calibri, Helvetica, Sans-Serif">
<tr>
    <td style="width: 5%; text-align: justify; font-size: 7.5pt; line-height: 115%">&nbsp;</td>
    <td style="vertical-align: top; width: 2%; text-align: justify; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&bull;</font></td>
    <td style="vertical-align: top; width: 1%; text-align: justify; font-size: 7.5pt; line-height: 115%">&nbsp;</td>
    <td style="vertical-align: top; font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><font style="font-size: 10pt">to cure any ambiguity; any provisions of the governing unit agreement that differ from those described below; </font></td></tr>
</table>
<P STYLE="font: 4.5pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse; font-family: Calibri, Helvetica, Sans-Serif">
<tr>
    <td style="width: 5%; text-align: justify; font-size: 7.5pt; line-height: 115%">&nbsp;</td>
    <td style="vertical-align: top; width: 2%; text-align: justify; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&bull;</font></td>
    <td style="vertical-align: top; width: 1%; text-align: justify; font-size: 7.5pt; line-height: 115%">&nbsp;</td>
    <td style="vertical-align: top; font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><font style="font-size: 10pt">to correct or supplement any defective or inconsistent provision; or </font></td></tr>
</table>
<P STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse; font-family: Calibri, Helvetica, Sans-Serif">
<tr>
    <td style="width: 5%; text-align: justify; font-size: 7.5pt; line-height: 115%">&nbsp;</td>
    <td style="vertical-align: top; width: 2%; text-align: justify; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&bull;</font></td>
    <td style="vertical-align: top; width: 1%; text-align: justify; font-size: 7.5pt; line-height: 115%">&nbsp;</td>
    <td style="vertical-align: top; font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><font style="font-size: 10pt">to make any other change that we believe is necessary or desirable and will not adversely affect the interests of the affected holders in any material respect. </font></td></tr>
</table>
<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 9pt 0 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">We do not need any
approval to make changes that affect only units to be issued after the changes take effect. We may also make changes that do not
adversely affect a particular unit in any material respect, even if they adversely affect other units in a material respect. In
those cases, we do not need to obtain the approval of the holder of the unaffected unit; we need only obtain any required approvals
from the holders of the affected units.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 13.5pt 0 0; text-align: justify"><B>Modification With Consent </B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 4.5pt 0 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">We may not amend
any particular unit or a unit agreement with respect to any particular unit unless we obtain the consent of the holder of that
unit, if the amendment would:</P>

<P STYLE="font: 4.5pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse; font-family: Calibri, Helvetica, Sans-Serif">
<tr>
    <td style="width: 5%; padding-bottom: 10pt; text-align: justify; font-size: 7.5pt; line-height: 115%">&nbsp;</td>
    <td style="vertical-align: top; width: 2%; padding-bottom: 10pt; text-align: justify; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%"><font style="font: 10pt/115% Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&bull;</font></td>
    <td style="vertical-align: top; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 10pt; text-align: justify; font-size: 7.5pt; line-height: 115%">&nbsp;</td>
    <td style="vertical-align: top; font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><font style="font-size: 10pt">impair any right of the holder to exercise or enforce any right under a security included in the unit if the terms of that security require the consent of the holder to any changes that would impair the exercise or enforcement of that right; or </font></td></tr>
</table>
<P STYLE="font: 4.5pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse; font-family: Calibri, Helvetica, Sans-Serif">
<tr>
    <td style="width: 5%; padding-bottom: 10pt; text-align: justify; font-size: 7.5pt; line-height: 115%">&nbsp;</td>
    <td style="vertical-align: top; width: 2%; padding-bottom: 10pt; text-align: justify; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%"><font style="font: 10pt/115% Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&bull;</font></td>
    <td style="vertical-align: top; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 10pt; text-align: justify; font-size: 7.5pt; line-height: 115%">&nbsp;</td>
    <td style="vertical-align: top; font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><font style="font-size: 10pt">reduce the percentage of outstanding units or any series or class the consent of whose holders is required to amend that series or class, or the applicable unit agreement with respect to that series or class, as described below. </font></td></tr>
</table>
<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 9pt 0 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">Any other change
to a particular unit agreement and the units issued under that agreement would require the following approval:</P>

<P STYLE="font: 4.5pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse; font-family: Calibri, Helvetica, Sans-Serif">
<tr>
    <td style="width: 5%; padding-bottom: 10pt; text-align: justify; font-size: 7.5pt; line-height: 115%">&nbsp;</td>
    <td style="vertical-align: top; width: 2%; padding-bottom: 10pt; text-align: justify; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%"><font style="font: 10pt/115% Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&bull;</font></td>
    <td style="vertical-align: top; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 10pt; text-align: justify; font-size: 7.5pt; line-height: 115%">&nbsp;</td>
    <td style="vertical-align: top; font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><font style="font-size: 10pt">If the change affects only the units of a particular series issued under that agreement, the change must be approved by the holders of a majority of the outstanding units of that series; or </font></td></tr>
</table>
<P STYLE="font: 4.5pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse; font-family: Calibri, Helvetica, Sans-Serif">
<tr>
    <td style="width: 5%; text-align: justify; font-size: 7.5pt; line-height: 115%">&nbsp;</td>
    <td style="vertical-align: top; width: 2%; text-align: justify; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&bull;</font></td>
    <td style="vertical-align: top; width: 1%; text-align: justify; font-size: 7.5pt; line-height: 115%">&nbsp;</td>
    <td style="vertical-align: top">
        <P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">If the change affects the units of more than
        one series issued under that agreement, it must be approved by the holders of a majority of all outstanding units of all series
        affected by the change, with the units of all the affected series voting together as one class for this purpose.</P>
        <P STYLE="font: 11pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P></td></tr>
</table>
<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">These provisions regarding
changes with majority approval also apply to changes affecting any securities issued under a unit agreement, as the governing document.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">In each case, the required
approval must be given by written consent.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><B>Unit Agreements Will Not Be Qualified Under
Trust Indenture Act </B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">No unit agreement will
be qualified as an indenture, and no unit agent will be required to qualify as a trustee, under the Trust Indenture Act. Therefore,
holders of units issued under unit agreements will not have the protections of the Trust Indenture Act with respect to their units.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><B>Mergers and Similar Transactions Permitted;
No Restrictive Covenants or Events of Default </B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">The unit agreements will
not restrict our ability to merge or consolidate with, or sell our assets to, another corporation or other entity or to engage
in any other transactions. If at any time we merge or consolidate with, or sell our assets substantially as an entirety to, another
corporation or other entity, the successor entity will succeed to and assume our obligations under the unit agreements. We will
then be relieved of any further obligation under these agreements.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">The unit agreements will
not include any restrictions on our ability to put liens on our assets, including our interests in our subsidiaries, nor will they
restrict our ability to sell our assets. The unit agreements also will not provide for any events of default or remedies upon the
occurrence of any events of default.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 7.5pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><B>Form, Exchange and Transfer </B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">We anticipate that we
will issue each unit in global&mdash;i.e., book-entry&mdash;form only. Units in book-entry form will be represented by a global
security registered in the name of a depositary, which will be the holder of all the units represented by the global security.
Those who own beneficial interests in a unit will do so through participants in the depositary&rsquo;s system, and the rights of
these indirect owners will be governed solely by the applicable procedures of the depositary and its participants. We will describe
book-entry securities, and other terms regarding the issuance and registration of the units in the applicable prospectus supplement.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">Each unit and all securities
comprising the unit will be issued in the same form.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">If we issue any units
in registered, non-global form, the following will apply to them.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">The units will be issued
in the denominations stated in the applicable prospectus supplement. Holders may exchange their units for units of smaller denominations
or combined into fewer units of larger denominations, as long as the total amount is not changed.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 4.5pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse; font-family: Calibri, Helvetica, Sans-Serif">
<tr>
    <td style="width: 5%; text-align: justify; font-size: 7.5pt; line-height: 115%">&nbsp;</td>
    <td style="vertical-align: top; width: 2%; text-align: justify; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&bull;</font></td>
    <td style="vertical-align: top; width: 1%; text-align: justify; font-size: 7.5pt; line-height: 115%">&nbsp;</td>
    <td style="vertical-align: top; font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><font style="font-size: 10pt">Holders may exchange or transfer their units at the office of the unit agent. Holders may also replace lost, stolen, destroyed or mutilated units at that office. We may appoint another entity to perform these functions or perform them ourselves. </font></td></tr>
</table>
<P STYLE="font: 4.5pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

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<P STYLE="font: 4.5pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"></P>

<table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse; font-family: Calibri, Helvetica, Sans-Serif">
<tr>
    <td style="width: 5%; text-align: justify; font-size: 7.5pt; line-height: 115%">&nbsp;</td>
    <td style="vertical-align: top; width: 2%; text-align: justify; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&bull;</font></td>
    <td style="vertical-align: top; width: 1%; text-align: justify; font-size: 7.5pt; line-height: 115%">&nbsp;</td>
    <td style="vertical-align: top; font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><font style="font-size: 10pt">Holders will not be required to pay a service charge to transfer or exchange their units, but they may be required to pay for any tax or other governmental charge associated with the transfer or exchange. The transfer or exchange, and any replacement, will be made only if our transfer agent is satisfied with the holder&rsquo;s proof of legal ownership. The transfer agent may also require an indemnity before replacing any units. </font></td></tr>
</table>
<P STYLE="font: 4.5pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse; font-family: Calibri, Helvetica, Sans-Serif">
<tr>
    <td style="width: 5%; text-align: justify; font-size: 7.5pt; line-height: 115%">&nbsp;</td>
    <td style="vertical-align: top; width: 2%; text-align: justify; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&bull;</font></td>
    <td style="vertical-align: top; width: 1%; text-align: justify; font-size: 7.5pt; line-height: 115%">&nbsp;</td>
    <td style="vertical-align: top">
        <P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">If we have the right to redeem, accelerate
        or settle any units before their maturity, and we exercise our right as to less than all those units or other securities, we may
        block the exchange or transfer of those units during the period beginning 15 days before the day we mail the notice of exercise
        and ending on the day of that mailing, in order to freeze the list of holders to prepare the mailing. We may also refuse to register
        transfers of or exchange any unit selected for early settlement, except that we will continue to permit transfers and exchanges
        of the unsettled portion of any unit being partially settled. We may also block the transfer or exchange of any unit in this manner
        if the unit includes securities that are or may be selected for early settlement.</P>
        <P STYLE="font: 11pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P></td></tr>
</table>
<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">Only the depositary will
be entitled to transfer or exchange a unit in global form, since it will be the sole holder of the unit.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><B>Payments and Notices </B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">In making payments and
giving notices with respect to our units, we will follow the procedures as described in the applicable prospectus supplement.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 7.5pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: center"><B>HOW WE PLAN TO SELL THE SECURITIES </B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: center">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">We may sell the securities
in any one or more of the following methods from time to time:</P>

<P STYLE="font: 4.5pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse; font-family: Calibri, Helvetica, Sans-Serif">
<tr>
    <td style="width: 5%; text-align: justify; font-size: 7.5pt; line-height: 115%">&nbsp;</td>
    <td style="vertical-align: top; width: 2%; text-align: justify; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%"><font style="font: 10pt/115% Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&bull;</font></td>
    <td style="vertical-align: top; width: 1%; text-align: justify; font-size: 7.5pt; line-height: 115%">&nbsp;</td>
    <td style="vertical-align: top; font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><font style="font-size: 10pt">directly to investors, directly to agents, or to investors through agents; </font></td></tr>
</table>
<P STYLE="font: 4.5pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse; font-family: Calibri, Helvetica, Sans-Serif">
<tr>
    <td style="width: 5%; text-align: justify; font-size: 7.5pt; line-height: 115%">&nbsp;</td>
    <td style="vertical-align: top; width: 2%; text-align: justify; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%"><font style="font: 10pt/115% Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&bull;</font></td>
    <td style="vertical-align: top; width: 1%; text-align: justify; font-size: 7.5pt; line-height: 115%">&nbsp;</td>
    <td style="vertical-align: top; font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><font style="font-size: 10pt">through underwriting syndicates led by one or more managing underwriters, or through one or more underwriters acting alone, for resale to the public or investors; </font></td></tr>
</table>
<P STYLE="font: 4.5pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse; font-family: Calibri, Helvetica, Sans-Serif">
<tr>
    <td style="width: 5%; text-align: justify; font-size: 7.5pt; line-height: 115%">&nbsp;</td>
    <td style="vertical-align: top; width: 2%; text-align: justify; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%"><font style="font: 10pt/115% Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&bull;</font></td>
    <td style="vertical-align: top; width: 1%; text-align: justify; font-size: 7.5pt; line-height: 115%">&nbsp;</td>
    <td style="vertical-align: top; font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><font style="font-size: 10pt">purchases by a broker or dealer as principal and resale by such broker or dealer for its own account; </font></td></tr>
</table>
<P STYLE="font: 4.5pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse; font-family: Calibri, Helvetica, Sans-Serif">
<tr>
    <td style="width: 5%; text-align: justify; font-size: 7.5pt; line-height: 115%">&nbsp;</td>
    <td style="vertical-align: top; width: 2%; text-align: justify; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%"><font style="font: 10pt/115% Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&bull;</font></td>
    <td style="vertical-align: top; width: 1%; text-align: justify; font-size: 7.5pt; line-height: 115%">&nbsp;</td>
    <td style="vertical-align: top; font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><font style="font-size: 10pt">through a block trade (which may involve crosses) in which the broker or dealer so engaged will attempt to sell the securities as agent but may position and resell a portion of the block as principal to facilitate the transaction; </font></td></tr>
</table>
<P STYLE="font: 4.5pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse; font-family: Calibri, Helvetica, Sans-Serif">
<tr>
    <td style="width: 5%; text-align: justify; font-size: 7.5pt; line-height: 115%">&nbsp;</td>
    <td style="vertical-align: top; width: 2%; text-align: justify; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%"><font style="font: 10pt/115% Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&bull;</font></td>
    <td style="vertical-align: top; width: 1%; text-align: justify; font-size: 7.5pt; line-height: 115%">&nbsp;</td>
    <td style="vertical-align: top; font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><font style="font-size: 10pt">ordinary brokerage transactions and transactions in which the broker solicits purchasers; </font></td></tr>
</table>
<P STYLE="font: 4.5pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse; font-family: Calibri, Helvetica, Sans-Serif">
<tr>
    <td style="width: 5%; text-align: justify; font-size: 7.5pt; line-height: 115%">&nbsp;</td>
    <td style="vertical-align: top; width: 2%; text-align: justify; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%"><font style="font: 10pt/115% Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&bull;</font></td>
    <td style="vertical-align: top; width: 1%; text-align: justify; font-size: 7.5pt; line-height: 115%">&nbsp;</td>
    <td style="vertical-align: top; font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><font style="font-size: 10pt">in &ldquo;at the market offerings,&rdquo; within the meaning of Rule 415(a)(4) of the Securities Act, to or through a market maker or into an existing trading market, on an exchange or otherwise; </font></td></tr>
</table>
<P STYLE="font: 4.5pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse; font-family: Calibri, Helvetica, Sans-Serif">
<tr>
    <td style="width: 5%; text-align: justify; font-size: 7.5pt; line-height: 115%">&nbsp;</td>
    <td style="vertical-align: top; width: 2%; text-align: justify; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%"><font style="font: 10pt/115% Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&bull;</font></td>
    <td style="vertical-align: top; width: 1%; text-align: justify; font-size: 7.5pt; line-height: 115%">&nbsp;</td>
    <td style="vertical-align: top; font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><font style="font-size: 10pt">transactions not involving market makers or established trading markets, including direct sales or privately negotiated transactions; </font></td></tr>
</table>
<P STYLE="font: 4.5pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse; font-family: Calibri, Helvetica, Sans-Serif">
<tr>
    <td style="width: 5%; text-align: justify; font-size: 7.5pt; line-height: 115%">&nbsp;</td>
    <td style="vertical-align: top; width: 2%; text-align: justify; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%"><font style="font: 10pt/115% Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&bull;</font></td>
    <td style="vertical-align: top; width: 1%; text-align: justify; font-size: 7.5pt; line-height: 115%">&nbsp;</td>
    <td style="vertical-align: top; font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><font style="font-size: 10pt">exchange distributions and/or secondary distributions; </font></td></tr>
</table>
<P STYLE="font: 4.5pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse; font-family: Calibri, Helvetica, Sans-Serif">
<tr>
    <td style="width: 5%; text-align: justify; font-size: 7.5pt; line-height: 115%">&nbsp;</td>
    <td style="vertical-align: top; width: 2%; text-align: justify; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%"><font style="font: 10pt/115% Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&bull;</font></td>
    <td style="vertical-align: top; width: 1%; text-align: justify; font-size: 7.5pt; line-height: 115%">&nbsp;</td>
    <td style="vertical-align: top; font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><font style="font-size: 10pt">by delayed delivery contracts or by remarketing firms; </font></td></tr>
</table>
<P STYLE="font: 4.5pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse; font-family: Calibri, Helvetica, Sans-Serif">
<tr>
    <td style="width: 5%; text-align: justify; font-size: 7.5pt; line-height: 115%">&nbsp;</td>
    <td style="vertical-align: top; width: 2%; text-align: justify; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%"><font style="font: 10pt/115% Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&bull;</font></td>
    <td style="vertical-align: top; width: 1%; text-align: justify; font-size: 7.5pt; line-height: 115%">&nbsp;</td>
    <td style="vertical-align: top; font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><font style="font-size: 10pt">transactions in options, swaps or other derivatives that may or may not be listed on an exchange; or </font></td></tr>
</table>
<P STYLE="font: 4.5pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse; font-family: Calibri, Helvetica, Sans-Serif">
<tr>
    <td style="width: 5%; text-align: justify; font-size: 7.5pt; line-height: 115%">&nbsp;</td>
    <td style="vertical-align: top; width: 2%; text-align: justify; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%"><font style="font: 10pt/115% Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&bull;</font></td>
    <td style="vertical-align: top; width: 1%; text-align: justify; font-size: 7.5pt; line-height: 115%">&nbsp;</td>
    <td style="vertical-align: top">
        <P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">through a combination of any such methods of
        sale.</P>
        <P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P></td></tr>
</table>
<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">The distribution of the
securities may be effected from time to time in one or more transactions:</P>

<P STYLE="font: 4.5pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse; font-family: Calibri, Helvetica, Sans-Serif">
<tr>
    <td style="width: 5%; text-align: justify; font-size: 7.5pt; line-height: 115%">&nbsp;</td>
    <td style="vertical-align: top; width: 2%; text-align: justify; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%"><font style="font: 10pt/115% Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&bull;</font></td>
    <td style="vertical-align: top; width: 1%; text-align: justify; font-size: 7.5pt; line-height: 115%">&nbsp;</td>
    <td style="vertical-align: top; font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><font style="font-size: 10pt">at a fixed price or prices, which may be changed; </font></td></tr>
</table>
<P STYLE="font: 4.5pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse; font-family: Calibri, Helvetica, Sans-Serif">
<tr>
    <td style="width: 5%; text-align: justify; font-size: 7.5pt; line-height: 115%">&nbsp;</td>
    <td style="vertical-align: top; width: 2%; text-align: justify; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%"><font style="font: 10pt/115% Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&bull;</font></td>
    <td style="vertical-align: top; width: 1%; text-align: justify; font-size: 7.5pt; line-height: 115%">&nbsp;</td>
    <td style="vertical-align: top; font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><font style="font-size: 10pt">at market prices prevailing at the time of sale; </font></td></tr>
</table>
<P STYLE="font: 4.5pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse; font-family: Calibri, Helvetica, Sans-Serif">
<tr>
    <td style="width: 5%; text-align: justify; font-size: 7.5pt; line-height: 115%">&nbsp;</td>
    <td style="vertical-align: top; width: 2%; text-align: justify; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%"><font style="font: 10pt/115% Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&bull;</font></td>
    <td style="vertical-align: top; width: 1%; text-align: justify; font-size: 7.5pt; line-height: 115%">&nbsp;</td>
    <td style="vertical-align: top; font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><font style="font-size: 10pt">at prices related to such prevailing market prices; or </font></td></tr>
</table>
<P STYLE="font: 4.5pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse; font-family: Calibri, Helvetica, Sans-Serif">
<tr>
    <td style="width: 5%; text-align: justify; font-size: 7.5pt; line-height: 115%">&nbsp;</td>
    <td style="vertical-align: top; width: 2%; text-align: justify; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%"><font style="font: 10pt/115% Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&bull;</font></td>
    <td style="vertical-align: top; width: 1%; text-align: justify; font-size: 7.5pt; line-height: 115%">&nbsp;</td>
    <td style="vertical-align: top">
        <P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">at negotiated prices.</P>
        <P STYLE="font: 11pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P></td></tr>
</table>
<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">Any of the prices may
represent a discount from the prevailing market prices.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-indent: 0.5in"></P>

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<P STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">Any underwritten offering
may be on a best efforts or a firm commitment basis. If underwriters are used in the sale, the securities acquired by the underwriters
will be for their own account. The underwriters may resell the securities in one or more transactions, including without limitation
negotiated transactions, at a fixed public offering price or at a varying price determined at the time of sale. The obligations,
if any, of the underwriter to purchase any securities will be subject to certain conditions. We may offer the securities to the
public through underwriting syndicates represented by managing underwriters or by underwriters without a syndicate. Subject to
certain conditions, the underwriters will be obligated to purchase all of the securities if any are purchased, other than securities
covered by any over-allotment option. Any public offering price and any discounts or concessions allowed, reallowed or paid to
dealers may be changed from time to time.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">If a dealer is used in
an offering of securities, we may sell the securities to the dealer, as principal. The dealer may then resell the securities to
the public at varying prices to be determined by the dealer at the time of sale.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">We may sell securities
directly or through agents we designate from time to time. We will name any agent involved in the offering and sale of securities
and we will describe any commissions we will pay the agent in the prospectus supplement. Unless the prospectus supplement states
otherwise, our agent will act on a best-efforts basis for the period of its appointment.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 7.5pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">We may also sell securities
directly to one or more purchasers without using underwriters, dealers or agents.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">We may also make direct
sales through subscription rights distributed to our stockholders on a pro rata basis, which may or may not be transferable. In
any distribution of subscription rights to stockholders, if all of the underlying securities are not subscribed for, we may then
sell the unsubscribed securities directly to third parties or may engage the services of one or more underwriters, dealers or agents,
including standby underwriters, to sell the unsubscribed securities to third parties.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">In the sale of the securities,
underwriters, dealers or agents may receive compensation from us or from purchasers of the securities, for whom they may act as
agents, in the form of discounts, concessions or commissions. Underwriters may sell the securities to or through dealers, and such
dealers may receive compensation in the form of discounts, concessions or commissions from the underwriters and/or commissions
from the purchasers for whom they may act as agents. Underwriters, dealers and agents that participate in the distribution of the
securities may be deemed to be underwriters under the Securities Act and any discounts or commissions they receive from us and
any profit on the resale of securities they realize may be deemed to be underwriting discounts and commissions under the Securities
Act. The applicable prospectus supplement will, where applicable:</P>

<P STYLE="font: 4.5pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse; font-family: Calibri, Helvetica, Sans-Serif">
<tr>
    <td style="width: 5%; text-align: justify; font-size: 7.5pt; line-height: 115%">&nbsp;</td>
    <td style="vertical-align: top; width: 2%; text-align: justify; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%"><font style="font: 10pt/115% Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&bull;</font></td>
    <td style="vertical-align: top; width: 1%; text-align: justify; font-size: 7.5pt; line-height: 115%">&nbsp;</td>
    <td style="vertical-align: top; font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><font style="font-size: 10pt">identify any such underwriter or agent; </font></td></tr>
</table>
<P STYLE="font: 4.5pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse; font-family: Calibri, Helvetica, Sans-Serif">
<tr>
    <td style="width: 5%; text-align: justify; font-size: 7.5pt; line-height: 115%">&nbsp;</td>
    <td style="vertical-align: top; width: 2%; text-align: justify; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%"><font style="font: 10pt/115% Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&bull;</font></td>
    <td style="vertical-align: top; width: 1%; text-align: justify; font-size: 7.5pt; line-height: 115%">&nbsp;</td>
    <td style="vertical-align: top; font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><font style="font-size: 10pt">describe any compensation in the form of discounts, concessions, commissions or otherwise received from us by each of such underwriter, dealer or agent and in the aggregate to all underwriters, dealers and agents; </font></td></tr>
</table>
<P STYLE="font: 4.5pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse; font-family: Calibri, Helvetica, Sans-Serif">
<tr>
    <td style="width: 5%; text-align: justify; font-size: 7.5pt; line-height: 115%">&nbsp;</td>
    <td style="vertical-align: top; width: 2%; text-align: justify; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%"><font style="font: 10pt/115% Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&bull;</font></td>
    <td style="vertical-align: top; width: 1%; text-align: justify; font-size: 7.5pt; line-height: 115%">&nbsp;</td>
    <td style="vertical-align: top; font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><font style="font-size: 10pt">identify the purchase price and proceeds from such sale; </font></td></tr>
</table>
<P STYLE="font: 4.5pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse; font-family: Calibri, Helvetica, Sans-Serif">
<tr>
    <td style="width: 5%; text-align: justify; font-size: 7.5pt; line-height: 115%">&nbsp;</td>
    <td style="vertical-align: top; width: 2%; text-align: justify; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%"><font style="font: 10pt/115% Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&bull;</font></td>
    <td style="vertical-align: top; width: 1%; text-align: justify; font-size: 7.5pt; line-height: 115%">&nbsp;</td>
    <td style="vertical-align: top; font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><font style="font-size: 10pt">identify the amounts underwritten; </font></td></tr>
</table>
<P STYLE="font: 4.5pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse; font-family: Calibri, Helvetica, Sans-Serif">
<tr>
    <td style="width: 5%; text-align: justify; font-size: 7.5pt; line-height: 115%">&nbsp;</td>
    <td style="vertical-align: top; width: 2%; text-align: justify; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%"><font style="font: 10pt/115% Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&bull;</font></td>
    <td style="vertical-align: top; width: 1%; text-align: justify; font-size: 7.5pt; line-height: 115%">&nbsp;</td>
    <td style="vertical-align: top; font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><font style="font-size: 10pt">identify the nature of the underwriter&rsquo;s obligation to take the securities; </font></td></tr>
</table>
<P STYLE="font: 4.5pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse; font-family: Calibri, Helvetica, Sans-Serif">
<tr>
    <td style="width: 5%; text-align: justify; font-size: 7.5pt; line-height: 115%">&nbsp;</td>
    <td style="vertical-align: top; width: 2%; text-align: justify; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%"><font style="font: 10pt/115% Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&bull;</font></td>
    <td style="vertical-align: top; width: 1%; text-align: justify; font-size: 7.5pt; line-height: 115%">&nbsp;</td>
    <td style="vertical-align: top; font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><font style="font-size: 10pt">identify any over-allotment option under which the underwriters may purchase additional securities from us; and </font></td></tr>
</table>
<P STYLE="font: 4.5pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse; font-family: Calibri, Helvetica, Sans-Serif">
<tr>
    <td style="width: 5%; text-align: justify; font-size: 7.5pt; line-height: 115%">&nbsp;</td>
    <td style="vertical-align: top; width: 2%; text-align: justify; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%"><font style="font: 10pt/115% Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&bull;</font></td>
    <td style="vertical-align: top; width: 1%; text-align: justify; font-size: 7.5pt; line-height: 115%">&nbsp;</td>
    <td style="vertical-align: top">
        <P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">identify any quotation systems or securities
        exchanges on which the securities may be quoted or listed.</P>
        <P STYLE="font: 11pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P></td></tr>
</table>
<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">Unless otherwise specified
in the related prospectus supplement, each series of securities will be a new issue with no established trading market, other than
the common stock, which is listed on the NYSE MKT and the Toronto Stock Exchange. Any common stock sold pursuant to a prospectus
supplement will be listed on the NYSE MKT and the Toronto Stock Exchange, subject to applicable notices. We may elect to apply
for quotation or listing of any other class or series of our securities, on a quotation system or an exchange but we are not obligated
to do so. It is possible that one or more underwriters may make a market in a class or series of our securities, but such underwriters
will not be obligated to do so and may discontinue any market making at any time without notice. Therefore, no assurance can be
given as to the liquidity of, or the trading market for, any other class or series of our securities.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">In connection with an
offering, an underwriter may purchase and sell securities in the open market. These transactions may include short sales, stabilizing
transactions and purchases to cover positions created by short sales. Short sales involve the sale by the underwriters of a greater
number of securities than they are required to purchase in the offering. &ldquo;Covered&rdquo; short sales are sales made in an
amount not greater than the underwriters&rsquo; option to purchase additional securities, if any, from us in the offering. If the
<BR>
</P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">underwriters have an over-allotment option to purchase additional securities from us, the underwriters may close out any covered
short position by either exercising their over-allotment option or purchasing securities in the open market. In determining the
source of securities to close out the covered short position, the underwriters may consider, among other things, the price of securities
available for purchase in the open market as compared to the price at which they may purchase securities through the over-allotment
option. &ldquo;Naked&rdquo; short sales are any sales in excess of such option or where the underwriters do not have an over-allotment
option. The underwriters must close out any naked short position by purchasing securities in the open market. A naked short position
is more likely to be created if the underwriters are concerned that there may be downward pressure on the price of the securities
in the open market after pricing that could adversely affect investors who purchase in the offering.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 7.5pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">Accordingly, to cover
these short sales positions or to otherwise stabilize or maintain the price of the securities, the underwriters may bid for or
purchase securities in the open market and may impose penalty bids. If penalty bids are imposed, selling concessions allowed to
syndicate members or other broker-dealers participating in the offering are reclaimed if securities previously distributed in the
offering are repurchased, whether in connection with stabilization transactions or otherwise. The effect of these transactions
may be to stabilize or maintain the market price of the securities at a level above that which might otherwise prevail in the open
market. The impositions of a penalty bid may also affect the price of the securities to the extent that it discourages resale of
the securities. The magnitude or effect of any stabilization or other transactions is uncertain. These transactions may be effected
on the NYSE MKT or otherwise and, if commenced, may be discontinued at any time.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 9pt 0 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">We do not make any
representation or prediction as to the direction or magnitude of any effect that the transactions described above might have on
the price of the securities. In addition, we do not make any representation that underwriters will engage in such transactions
or that such transactions, once commenced, will not be discontinued without notice at any time.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 9pt 0 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">Under agreements
into which we may enter, underwriters, dealers and agents who participate in the distribution of the securities may be entitled
to indemnification by us against certain civil liabilities, including liabilities under the Securities Act, or contribution from
us to payments which the underwriters, dealers or agents may be required to make.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 9pt 0 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">Underwriters, dealers
and agents may engage in transactions with us or perform services for us in the ordinary course of business.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 9pt 0 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">If indicated in
the applicable prospectus supplement, securities may also be offered or sold by a &ldquo;remarketing firm&rdquo; in connection
with a remarketing arrangement contemplated by the terms of the securities. Remarketing firms may act as principals for their own
accounts or as agents. The applicable prospectus supplement will identify any remarketing firm and the terms of its agreement,
if any, with us. It will also describe the remarketing firms compensation. Remarketing firms may be deemed to be underwriters in
connection with the remarketing of the securities.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 9pt 0 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">If indicated in
the applicable prospectus supplement, we will authorize underwriters, dealers or other persons acting as our agents to solicit
offers by particular institutions to purchase securities from us at the public offering price set forth in such prospectus supplement
pursuant to delayed delivery contracts providing for payment and delivery on such future date or dates stated in such prospectus
supplement. Each delayed delivery contract will be for an amount no less than, and the aggregate principal amounts of securities
sold under delayed delivery contracts shall be not less nor more than, the respective amounts stated in the applicable prospectus
supplement. Institutions with which such delayed delivery contracts, when authorized, may be made include commercial and savings
banks, insurance companies, pension funds, investment companies, educational and charitable institutions and others, but will in
all cases be subject to our approval. The obligations of any purchaser under any such contract will be subject to the conditions
that (1)&nbsp;the purchase of the securities shall not at the time of delivery be prohibited under the laws of any jurisdiction
in the United States to which the purchaser is subject, and (2)&nbsp;if the securities are being sold to underwriters, we shall
have sold to the underwriters the total principal amount of the securities less the principal amount thereof covered by the delayed
delivery contracts. The underwriters and such other agents will not have any responsibility in respect of the validity or performance
of such delayed delivery contracts.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 9pt 0 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">With respect to
the sale of any securities under this prospectus, the maximum compensation to be received by any member of the Financial Industry
Regulatory Authority, Inc. or independent broker or dealer will not be greater than eight percent (8%)<FONT STYLE="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif">.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 9pt 0 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">To comply with applicable
state securities laws, the securities offered by this prospectus will be sold, if necessary, in such jurisdictions only through
registered or licensed brokers or dealers. In addition, securities may not be sold in some states unless they have been registered
or qualified for sale in the applicable state or an exemption from the registration or qualification requirement is available and
is complied with.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 9pt 0 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 9pt 0 0; text-align: justify"></P>

<P STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 9pt 0 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 7.5pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: center"><B>CERTAIN PROVISIONS OF COLORADO LAW AND OF
OUR</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: center"><B>ARTICLES AND BY-LAWS</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: center">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><B>Anti-Takeover Provisions of our Articles
By-laws </B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">In addition to the board
of directors&rsquo; ability to issue shares of preferred stock, our Articles and our By-laws contain other provisions that are
intended to enhance the likelihood of continuity and stability in the composition of the board of directors and which may have
the effect of delaying, deferring or preventing a future takeover or change in control of our company unless such takeover or change
in control is approved by our board of directors. These provisions include the possibility of a classified board of directors as
discussed above in &ldquo;Description of Common Stock &ndash; Our Board of Directors&rdquo; and advance notice procedures for stockholder
proposals.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><I>Classified Board</I>.
The provision for a classified board could prevent a party who acquires control of a majority of our outstanding common stock from
obtaining control of the board until our second annual stockholders meeting following the date the acquirer obtains the controlling
stock interest. The classified board provision could have the effect of discouraging a potential acquirer from making a tender
offer or otherwise attempting to obtain control of us and could increase the likelihood that incumbent directors will retain their
positions.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><I>Advance Notice Procedures
for Stockholder Proposals</I>. Our By-laws establish an advance notice procedure for stockholder proposals to be brought before
an annual meeting of our stockholders, including proposed nominations of persons for election to our board. Stockholders at our
annual meeting may only consider proposals or nominations specified in the notice of meeting or brought before the meeting by or
at the direction of our board or by a stockholder who was a stockholder of record on the record date for the meeting, who is entitled
to vote at the meeting and who has given to our secretary timely written notice, in proper form, of the stockholder&rsquo;s intention
to bring that business before the meeting. Although our By-laws do not give our board the power to approve or disapprove stockholder
nominations of candidates or proposals regarding other business to be conducted at a special or annual meeting, our By-laws may
have the effect of precluding the conduct of some business at a meeting if the proper procedures are not followed or may discourage
or defer a potential acquirer from conducting a solicitation of proxies to elect its own slate of directors or otherwise attempting
to obtain control of us.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 7.5pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><B>Limitations on Liability and Indemnification of Officers and
Directors </B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-indent: 0.5in">Our Articles limit the liability of our directors
to the fullest extent permitted by Colorado law and provide that we are authorized to indemnify them to the fullest extent permitted
by such law. Our By-laws provide that we are authorized to indemnify our officers to the fullest extent permitted by Colorado law.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 7.5pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: center"><B>INFORMATION INCORPORATED BY REFERENCE </B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 9pt 0 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">The SEC allows us
to incorporate by reference the information and reports we file with it, which means that we can disclose important information
to you by referring you to these documents. Our SEC file number is 001-32978. The information incorporated by reference is an important
part of this prospectus, and information that we file later with the SEC will automatically update and supersede the information
already incorporated by reference. We are incorporating by reference the documents listed below, which we have already filed with
the SEC, and any future filings we make with the SEC under Sections 13(a), 13(c), 14 or 15(d) of the Exchange Act, except as to
any portion of any future report or document that is not deemed filed under such provisions, until we sell all of the securities:</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 9pt; margin-bottom: 0"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 42.5pt"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 18pt"><FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Symbol">&#183;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended December 31,
2013;</FONT></TD></TR></TABLE>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 9pt; margin-bottom: 0"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 42.5pt"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 18pt"><FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Symbol">&#183;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">Our Current Reports on Form 8-K filed with the SEC on January 29,
2014, February 21, 2014, and March 3, 2014; and</FONT></TD></TR></TABLE>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 9pt; margin-bottom: 0"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 42.5pt"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 18pt"><FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Symbol">&#183;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">The description of our common stock contained in our registration
statement on Form 8-A, which was filed with the SEC on August 9, 2006, including any amendment or report filed for the purpose
of updating such description.</FONT></TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 4.5pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

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<P STYLE="font: 4.5pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 9pt 0 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 27pt">Upon request, we will
provide, without charge, to each person, including any beneficial owner, to whom a copy of this prospectus is delivered a copy
of the documents incorporated by reference into this prospectus. You may request a copy of these filings, and any exhibits we have
specifically incorporated by reference as an exhibit in this prospectus, at no cost by writing or telephoning us at the following
address:</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 9pt 0 0; text-align: center">Solitario Exploration &amp; Royalty Corp.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: center">Attn: Corporate Secretary</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: center">4251 Kipling Street, Suite 390</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: center">Wheat Ridge, Colorado 80033</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: center">(303) 534-1030</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 9pt 0 0; text-indent: 0.5in">This prospectus is part of a registration
statement we filed with the SEC. We have incorporated exhibits into this registration statement. You should read the exhibits carefully
for provisions that may be important to you.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 9pt 0 0; text-indent: 0.5in">You should rely only on the information
incorporated by reference or provided in this prospectus or any prospectus supplement. We have not authorized anyone to provide
you with different information. We are not making an offer of these securities in any state where the offer is not permitted. You
should not assume that the information in this prospectus or in the documents incorporated by reference is accurate as of any date
other than the date on the front of this prospectus or those documents.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 7.5pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: center"><B>WHERE YOU CAN FIND MORE INFORMATION </B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 9pt 0 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">We are subject to
the information requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, or the Exchange Act, and in accordance with the
Exchange Act, file annual, quarterly and special reports, proxy statements and other information with the SEC. You may read and
copy any document we file at the SEC&rsquo;s Public Reference Room at 100 F Street, N.E., Washington, D.C. 20549. You may call
the SEC at 1-800-SEC-0330 for further information on the operation of the Public Reference Room. These documents also may be accessed
through the SEC&rsquo;s electronic data gathering, analysis and retrieval system, or EDGAR, via electronic means, including the
SEC&rsquo;s home page on the Internet (www.sec.gov).</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 9pt 0 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">We have the authority
to designate and issue more than one class or series of stock having various preferences, conversion and other rights, voting powers,
restrictions, limitations as to dividends, qualifications, and terms and conditions of redemption. See &ldquo;Description of Preferred
Stock&rdquo; and &ldquo;Description of Common Stock.&rdquo; We will furnish a full statement of the relative rights and preferences
of each class or series of our stock which has been so designated and any restrictions on the ownership or transfer of our stock
to any stockholder upon request and without charge. Written requests for such copies should be directed to Solitario Exploration
&amp; Royalty Corp., Attn: Corporate Secretary, 4251 Kipling Street, Suite 390, Wheat Ridge, Colorado 80033. Our telephone number
is (303)&nbsp;534-1030. Our website is located at www. Solitarioresources.com. Information contained on our website is not incorporated
by reference into this prospectus and, therefore, is not part of this prospectus or any accompanying prospectus supplement.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0.25in 0 0; text-align: center"><B>EXPERTS </B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 9pt 0 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">EKS&amp;H LLLP,
an independent registered public accounting firm, has audited our consolidated financial statements included in our Annual Report
on Form 10-K for the year ended December&nbsp;31, 2013, as set forth in their report, which is incorporated by reference in this
prospectus and elsewhere in the registration statement. Our financial statements are incorporated by reference in reliance on EKS&amp;H
LLLP&rsquo;s report, given on their authority as experts in accounting and auditing.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in; margin-right: 0; margin-left: 0">Certain
information regarding our Mt. Hamilton project incorporated by reference in this prospectus is included in reliance on portions
of independent technical reports prepared by SRK Consulting (US), Inc., completed in 2009 and 2012, concerning the Mt. Hamilton
project and has been included herein in reliance on the authority of such firm as experts in geology and engineering.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0.25in 0 0; text-align: center"><B>LEGAL MATTERS </B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 9pt 0 0; text-indent: 0.5in">Certain legal matters, including the
legality of the securities offered, will be passed upon for us by Polsinelli PC, Denver, Colorado.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 9pt 0 0; text-indent: 0.5in"></P>

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    <!-- Field: /Page -->

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 9pt 0 0; text-indent: 0.5in"></P>

<P STYLE="font: 13.5pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: center"><B>$75,000,000 </B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 9pt 0 0; text-align: center"><IMG SRC="logo.jpg" ALT=""></P>

<P STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 4.5pt 0 0; text-align: center"><B>Debt Securities </B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: center"><B>Preferred Stock </B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: center"><B>Common Stock </B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: center"><B>Warrants </B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: center"><B>Units </B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 13.5pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0.25in 0 0; text-align: center"><B>PROSPECTUS </B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 9pt 0 0; text-align: center; text-indent: 0.5in"><B>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;,
2014 </B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 9pt 0 0; text-indent: 0.5in">We have not authorized any dealer, salesperson
or other person to give any information or represent anything not contained in this prospectus. You must not rely on any unauthorized
information. If anyone provides you with different or inconsistent information, you should not rely on it. This prospectus does
not offer to sell any shares in any jurisdiction where it is unlawful. Neither the delivery of this prospectus, nor any sale made
hereunder, shall create any implication that the information in this prospectus is correct after the date hereof.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: center"><B>PART II. INFORMATION NOT REQUIRED IN PROSPECTUS
</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 9pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse; font-family: Calibri, Helvetica, Sans-Serif">
<tr style="vertical-align: top">
    <td style="width: 9%; padding-bottom: 10pt; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%"><font style="font: 10pt/115% Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><b>Item&nbsp;14.</b></font></td>
    <td style="padding-bottom: 10pt; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%"><font style="font: 10pt/115% Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><b>Other Expenses of Issuance and Distribution. </b></font></td></tr>
</table>
<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 4.5pt 0 0; text-indent: 0.5in">The expenses in connection with the
issuance and distribution of the securities being registered will be borne by Solitario Exploration &amp; Royalty Corp. and are
set forth in the following table. All amounts except the registration fee are estimated.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 9pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="width: 100%; font-family: Calibri, Helvetica, Sans-Serif">
<tr>
    <td style="width: 86%; font-size: 11pt; line-height: 115%">&nbsp;</td>
    <td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 8%; padding-bottom: 10pt; font-size: 11pt; line-height: 115%">&nbsp;</td>
    <td style="padding-bottom: 10pt; font-size: 11pt; line-height: 115%">&nbsp;</td>
    <td style="padding-bottom: 10pt; font-size: 11pt; line-height: 115%">&nbsp;</td></tr>
<tr style="background-color: #CCEEFF">
    <td style="vertical-align: top; padding-left: 12pt; font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-indent: -12pt"><font style="font-size: 10pt">Registration fee</font></td>
    <td style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 10pt; font-size: 7.5pt; line-height: 115%">&nbsp;</td>
    <td style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 10pt; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%"><font style="font: 10pt/115% Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$</font></td>
    <td style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 10pt; text-align: right; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%"><font style="font: 10pt/115% Times New Roman, Times, Serif">1,407</font></td></tr>
<tr>
    <td style="vertical-align: top; padding-left: 12pt; font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-indent: -12pt"><font style="font-size: 10pt">Legal fees and expenses</font></td>
    <td style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 10pt; font-size: 7.5pt; line-height: 115%">&nbsp;</td>
    <td style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 10pt; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%">&nbsp;</td>
    <td style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 10pt; text-align: right; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%"><font style="font: 10pt/115% Times New Roman, Times, Serif">**</font></td></tr>
<tr style="background-color: #CCEEFF">
    <td style="vertical-align: top; padding-left: 12pt; font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-indent: -12pt"><font style="font-size: 10pt">Accounting fees and expenses</font></td>
    <td style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 10pt; font-size: 7.5pt; line-height: 115%">&nbsp;</td>
    <td style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 10pt; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%">&nbsp;</td>
    <td style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 10pt; text-align: right; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%"><font style="font: 10pt/115% Times New Roman, Times, Serif">**</font></td></tr>
<tr>
    <td style="vertical-align: top; padding-left: 12pt; font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-indent: -12pt"><font style="font-size: 10pt">Printing fees and expenses</font></td>
    <td style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 10pt; font-size: 7.5pt; line-height: 115%">&nbsp;</td>
    <td style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 10pt; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%">&nbsp;</td>
    <td style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 10pt; text-align: right; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%"><font style="font: 10pt/115% Times New Roman, Times, Serif">**</font></td></tr>
<tr style="background-color: #CCEEFF">
    <td style="vertical-align: top; padding-left: 12pt; font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-indent: -12pt"><font style="font-size: 10pt">Transfer agent and trustee fees</font></td>
    <td style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 10pt; font-size: 7.5pt; line-height: 115%">&nbsp;</td>
    <td style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 10pt; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%">&nbsp;</td>
    <td style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 10pt; text-align: right; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%"><font style="font: 10pt/115% Times New Roman, Times, Serif">**</font></td></tr>
<tr>
    <td style="vertical-align: top; padding-left: 12pt; font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-indent: -12pt"><font style="font-size: 10pt">Miscellaneous</font></td>
    <td style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 10pt; font-size: 7.5pt; line-height: 115%">&nbsp;</td>
    <td style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 10pt; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%">&nbsp;</td>
    <td style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 10pt; text-align: right; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%"><font style="font: 10pt/115% Times New Roman, Times, Serif">**</font></td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td style="padding-bottom: 10pt; font-size: 1pt; line-height: 115%">&nbsp;</td>
    <td style="padding-bottom: 10pt; font-size: 1pt; line-height: 115%">&nbsp;</td>
    <td style="border-top: black 1pt solid; padding-bottom: 10pt; font-size: 1pt; line-height: 115%">&nbsp;</td>
    <td style="border-top: black 1pt solid; padding-bottom: 10pt; font-size: 1pt; line-height: 115%">&nbsp;</td></tr>
<tr style="background-color: #CCEEFF">
    <td style="vertical-align: top; padding-left: 12pt; font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-indent: -12pt"><font style="font-size: 10pt">Total</font></td>
    <td style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 10pt; font-size: 7.5pt; line-height: 115%">&nbsp;</td>
    <td style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 10pt; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%"><font style="font: 10pt/115% Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$</font></td>
    <td style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 10pt; text-align: right; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%"><font style="font: 10pt/115% Times New Roman, Times, Serif">1,407 </font></td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td style="padding-bottom: 10pt; font-size: 1pt; line-height: 115%">&nbsp;</td>
    <td style="padding-bottom: 10pt; font-size: 1pt; line-height: 115%">&nbsp;</td>
    <td style="border-top: black 2.25pt double; padding-bottom: 10pt; font-size: 1pt; line-height: 115%">&nbsp;</td>
    <td style="border-top: black 2.25pt double; padding-bottom: 10pt; font-size: 1pt; line-height: 115%">&nbsp;</td></tr>
</table>
<!-- Field: Rule-Page --><DIV ALIGN="LEFT" STYLE="margin-top: 1pt; margin-bottom: 1pt"><DIV STYLE="font-size: 1pt; border-top: black 0.5pt solid; width: 100%">&nbsp;</DIV></DIV><!-- Field: /Rule-Page -->

<table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse; font-family: Calibri, Helvetica, Sans-Serif">
<tr style="vertical-align: top">
    <td style="width: 2%">
        <P STYLE="font: 10pt/115% Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 10pt">*</P>
        <P STYLE="font: 10pt/115% Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 10pt">**</P></td>
    <td>
        <P STYLE="font: 10pt/115% Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 10pt">Does not include the registration fee previously paid
        in connection with Registration Statement No. 333-172929.</P>
        <P STYLE="font: 10pt/115% Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 10pt">Estimated expenses not presently known.</P></td></tr>
</table>
<P STYLE="font: 13.5pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<!-- Field: Page; Sequence: 30; Options: NewSection; Value: 1 -->
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    <DIV STYLE="page-break-before: always; margin-top: 6pt; margin-bottom: 6pt"><TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><TR><TD STYLE="text-align: center; width: 100%">&nbsp;</TD></TR></TABLE></DIV>
    <!-- Field: /Page -->

<P STYLE="font: 13.5pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"></P>

<table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse; font-family: Calibri, Helvetica, Sans-Serif">
<tr style="vertical-align: top">
    <td style="width: 9%; padding-bottom: 10pt; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%"><font style="font: 10pt/115% Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><b>Item&nbsp;15.</b></font></td>
    <td style="padding-bottom: 10pt; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%"><font style="font: 10pt/115% Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><b>Indemnification of Directors and Officers. </b></font></td></tr>
</table>
<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">The Colorado Business
Corporation Act allows a corporation to indemnify its directors, officers, employees, fiduciaries and agents against liability
in certain situations. Our Articles authorize us to indemnify our directors to the fullest extent permitted by Colorado law.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">Under the Colorado Business
Corporation Act indemnification would be mandatory with respect to a director or officer who was wholly successful in defense of
an action, suit or proceeding. As permitted by the Colorado Business Corporation Act and our By-laws, we will indemnify directors
and officers, and may indemnify employees, fiduciaries and agents, against reasonably incurred expenses, judgments, penalties,
fines and amounts paid in settlement reasonably incurred by them in connection with an action, suit or proceeding if it is determined
that they conducted themselves in good faith and that they reasonably believed (i)&nbsp;in the case of conduct in their official
capacity, that their conduct was in the company&rsquo;s best interests, or (ii)&nbsp;in all other cases (except criminal cases),
that their conduct was at least not opposed to the company&rsquo;s best interests, or (iii)&nbsp;in the case of a criminal proceeding,
that they had no reasonable cause to believe their conduct was unlawful. In proceedings brought by or in the right of the Company,
indemnification will be limited to reasonable expenses incurred in connection with the proceeding. No indemnification will be provided
with respect to any claim, issue or matter in connection with a proceeding by or in the right of the Company in which the person
was adjudged to be liable to the Company on in any proceeding charging that the person derived an improper personal benefit, whether
or not involving action in an official capacity, in which they were adjudged to be liable to the Company on the basis that they
derived an improper personal benefit. Additional indemnification may be provided to officers, employees, fiduciaries or agents
if they are not also directors, so long as such additional indemnification is provided for by general or specific action by the
board of directors or stockholders or by contract and would not be inconsistent with public policy.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">Section&nbsp;7-109-108
of the Colorado Business Corporation Act provides that a corporation shall have the power to purchase and maintain insurance on
behalf of its officers, directors, employees, fiduciaries and agents, against any liability asserted against and incurred by such
persons in any such capacity.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">Section&nbsp;7-108-403
of the Colorado Business Corporation Act provides, among other things, that a director, who votes for or assents to an unlawful
payment of dividends or an unlawful stock purchase or redemption, may be held liable for such actions.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 7.5pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">Section 7-108-402 of the
Colorado Business Corporation Act allows a Colorado corporation to eliminate or limit the personal liability of a director to the
corporation or to its shareholders for monetary damages for a breach of fiduciary duty as a director, except for liabilities arising
from any breach of the director&rsquo;s duty of loyalty to the corporation or its shareholders, from acts or omissions not in good
faith or which involve intentional misconduct or a knowing violation of law, from any transaction from which the director derived
an improper personal benefit, or from any other act, omission or transaction as to which the Colorado Business Corporation Act
prohibits the elimination or limitation of liability. Our Articles contain a provision limiting director liability for monetary
damages for his or her conduct as a director.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">Our directors and officers
are covered by insurance policies maintained by us against specified liabilities for actions taken in their capacities as such,
including liabilities under the Securities Act of 1933.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">Insofar as indemnification
for liabilities arising under the Securities Act of 1933 may be permitted to directors, officers or persons controlling the registrant
pursuant to the foregoing provisions, the registrant has been informed that in the opinion of the Securities and Exchange Commission
such indemnification is against public policy as expressed in the Act and is therefore unenforceable.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 13.5pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse; font-family: Calibri, Helvetica, Sans-Serif">
<tr style="vertical-align: top">
    <td style="width: 9%; padding-bottom: 10pt; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%"><font style="font: 10pt/115% Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><b>Item&nbsp;16.</b></font></td>
    <td style="padding-bottom: 10pt; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%"><font style="font: 10pt/115% Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><b>Exhibits. </b></font></td></tr>
</table>
<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 4.5pt 0 0; text-indent: 0.5in">A list of exhibits filed with this
registration statement on Form S-3 is set forth on the Exhibit Index and is incorporated herein by reference.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 13.5pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse; font-family: Calibri, Helvetica, Sans-Serif">
<tr style="vertical-align: top">
    <td style="width: 9%; padding-bottom: 10pt; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%"><font style="font: 10pt/115% Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><b>Item&nbsp;17.</b></font></td>
    <td style="padding-bottom: 10pt; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%"><font style="font: 10pt/115% Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><b>Undertakings. </b></font></td></tr>
</table>
<P STYLE="font: 4.5pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>

<table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse; font-family: Calibri, Helvetica, Sans-Serif">
<tr style="vertical-align: top">
    <td style="width: 4%; padding-bottom: 10pt; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%"><font style="font: 10pt/115% Times New Roman, Times, Serif">(a)</font></td>
    <td style="padding-bottom: 10pt; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%"><font style="font: 10pt/115% Times New Roman, Times, Serif">The undersigned registrant hereby undertakes: </font></td></tr>
</table>
<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 4.5pt 0 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">(1) To file, during
any period in which offers or sales are being made, a post-effective amendment to this registration statement:</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 4.5pt 0 0 24.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">(i) To
include any prospectus required by Section&nbsp;10(a)(3) of the Securities Act of 1933;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 4.5pt 0 0 24.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"></P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 4.5pt 0 0 24.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 4.5pt 0 0 24.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">(ii) To
reflect in the prospectus any facts or events arising after the effective date of the registration statement (or the most recent
post-effective amendment thereof) which, individually or in the aggregate, represent a fundamental change in the information set
forth in the registration statement. Notwithstanding the foregoing, any increase or decrease in volume of securities offered (if
the total dollar value of securities offered would not exceed that which was registered) and any deviation from the low or high
end of the estimated maximum offering range may be reflected in the form of prospectus filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission
pursuant to Rule 424(b) if, in the aggregate, the changes in volume and price represent no more than 20% change in the maximum
aggregate offering price set forth in the &ldquo;Calculation of Registration Fee&rdquo; table in the effective registration statement;
and</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 4.5pt 0 0 24.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">(iii)
To include any material information with respect to the plan of distribution not previously disclosed in the registration statement
or any material change to such information in the registration statement;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 9pt 0 0; text-align: justify"><I>provided</I>, <I>however</I>, that
paragraphs (a)(1)(i), (a)(1)(ii) and (a)(1)(iii) of this section do not apply if the information required to be included in a post-effective
amendment by those paragraphs is contained in reports filed with or furnished to the Securities and Exchange Commission by the
registrant pursuant to Section&nbsp;13 or Section&nbsp;15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 that are incorporated by reference
in the registration statement, or is contained in a form of prospectus filed pursuant to Rule 424(b) that is part of the registration
statement;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 9pt 0 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">(2) That, for the
purpose of determining any liability under the Securities Act of 1933, each such post-effective amendment shall be deemed to be
a new registration statement relating to the securities offered therein, and the offering of such securities at that time shall
be deemed to be the initial bona fide offering thereof;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 7.5pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">(3) To remove from registration
by means of a post-effective amendment any of the securities being registered which remain unsold at the termination of the offering;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 9pt 0 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">(4) That, for the
purpose of determining liability under the Securities Act of 1933 to any purchaser:</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 4.5pt 0 0 24.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">(i) Each
prospectus filed by the registrant pursuant to Rule 424(b)(3) shall be deemed to be part of the registration statement as of the
date the filed prospectus was deemed part of and included in the registration statement; and</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 4.5pt 0 0 24.45pt; text-indent: 0.5in">(ii) Each prospectus required
to be filed pursuant to Rule 424(b)(2), (b)(5), or (b)(7) as part of a registration statement in reliance on Rule 430B relating
to an offering made pursuant to Rule 415(a)(1)(i), (vii), or (x)&nbsp;for the purpose of providing the information required by
Section&nbsp;10(a) of the Securities Act of 1933 shall be deemed to be part of and included in the registration statement as of
the earlier of the date such form of prospectus is first used after effectiveness or the date of the first contract of sale of
securities in the offering described in the prospectus. As provided in Rule 430B, for liability purposes of the issuer and any
person that is at that date an underwriter, such date shall be deemed to be a new effective date of the registration statement
relating to the securities in the registration statement to which that prospectus relates, and the offering of such securities
at that time shall be deemed to be the initial bona fide offering thereof; <I>provided</I>, <I>however</I>, that no statement made
in a registration statement or prospectus that is part of the registration statement or made in a document incorporated or deemed
incorporated by reference into the registration statement or prospectus that is part of the registration statement will, as to
a purchaser with a time of contract of sale prior to such effective date, supersede or modify any statement that was made in the
registration statement or prospectus that was part of the registration statement or made in any such document immediately prior
to such effective date;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 4.5pt 0 0; text-indent: 0.5in">(5) That, for the purpose of determining
liability of the registrant under the Securities Act of 1933 to any purchaser in the initial distribution of the securities, the
undersigned registrant undertakes that in a primary offering of securities of the undersigned registrant pursuant to this registration
statement, regardless of the underwriting method used to sell the securities to the purchaser, if the securities are offered or
sold to such purchaser by means of any of the following communications, the undersigned registrant will be a seller to the purchaser
and will be considered to offer or sell such securities to such purchaser:</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 4.5pt 0 0 24.45pt; text-indent: 0.5in">(i) Any preliminary prospectus
or prospectus of the undersigned registrant relating to the offering required to be filed pursuant to Rule 424;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 4.5pt 0 0 24.45pt; text-indent: 0.5in">(ii) Any free writing prospectus
relating to the offering prepared by or on behalf of the undersigned registrant or used or referred to by the undersigned registrant;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 4.5pt 0 0 24.45pt; text-indent: 0.5in">(iii) The portion of any other
free writing prospectus relating to the offering containing material information about the undersigned registrant or its securities
provided by or on behalf of the undersigned registrant; and</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 4.5pt 0 0 24.45pt; text-indent: 0.5in">(iv) Any other communication
that is an offer in the offering made by the undersigned registrant to the purchaser;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 9pt 0 0; text-indent: 0.5in">(6) That, for purposes of determining
any liability under the Securities Act of 1933, each filing of the registrant&rsquo;s annual report pursuant to Section&nbsp;13(a)
or Section&nbsp;15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 (and, where applicable, each filing of an employee <BR>
</P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 9pt 0 0">benefit plan&rsquo;s
annual report pursuant to Section&nbsp;15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934) that is incorporated by reference in the registration
statement shall be deemed to be a new registration statement relating to the securities offered therein, and the offering of such
securities at that time shall be deemed to be the initial bona fide offering thereof;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 9pt 0 0; text-indent: 0.5in">(7) Insofar as indemnification for liabilities
arising under the Securities Act of 1933 may be permitted to directors, officers and controlling persons of the registrant pursuant
to the foregoing provisions, or otherwise, the registrant has been advised that in the opinion of the Securities and Exchange Commission
such indemnification is against public policy as expressed in the Securities Act of 1933 and is, therefore, unenforceable. In the
event that a claim for indemnification against such liabilities (other than the payment by the registrant of expenses incurred
or paid by a director, officer or controlling person of the registrant in the successful defense of any action, suit or proceeding)
is asserted by such director, officer or controlling person in connection with the securities being registered, the registrant
will, unless in the opinion of its counsel the matter has been settled by controlling precedent, submit to a court of appropriate
jurisdiction the question whether such indemnification by it is against public policy as expressed in the Securities Act of 1933
and will be governed by the final adjudication of such issue;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 9pt 0 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">(8) That, for purposes
of determining any liability under the Securities Act of 1933, the information omitted from the form of prospectus filed as part
of this registration statement in reliance upon Rule 430A and contained in a form of prospectus filed by the registrant pursuant
to Rule 424(b)(1) or (4)&nbsp;or 497(h) under the Securities Act of 1933 shall be deemed to be part of this registration statement
as of the time it was declared effective;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 9pt 0 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">(9) That, for the
purpose of determining any liability under the Securities Act of 1933, each post-effective amendment that contains a form of prospectus
shall be deemed to be a new registration statement relating to the securities offered therein, and the offering of such securities
at that time shall be deemed to be the initial bona fide offering thereof; and</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 9pt 0 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">(10) To file an
application for the purpose of determining the eligibility of the trustee to act under subsection (a)&nbsp;of Section&nbsp;310
of the Trust Indenture Act in accordance with the rules and regulations prescribed by the Securities and Exchange Commission under
Section&nbsp;305(b)2 of the Trust Indenture Act.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: center">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: center"><B>SIGNATURES</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 9pt 0 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">Pursuant to the
requirements of the Securities Act of 1933, the registrant certifies that it has reasonable grounds to believe that it meets all
of the requirements for filing on Form S-3 and has duly caused this registration statement to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned,
thereunto duly authorized, in the City of Wheat Ridge, State of Colorado, on this 21st  day of April, 2014.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 9pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="width: 100%; font-family: Calibri, Helvetica, Sans-Serif">
<tr>
    <td style="width: 5%; font-size: 11pt; line-height: 115%">&nbsp;</td>
    <td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; font-size: 11pt; line-height: 115%">&nbsp;</td>
    <td style="width: 94%; font-size: 11pt; line-height: 115%">&nbsp;</td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: top">
    <td colspan="3" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%"><font style="font: 10pt/115% Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><b>SOLITARIO EXPLORATION &amp; ROYALTY CORP.</b></font></td></tr>
<tr>
    <td style="font-size: 11pt; line-height: 115%">&nbsp;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="font-size: 11pt; line-height: 115%">&nbsp;</td></tr>
<tr>
    <td style="vertical-align: top; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%"><font style="font: 10pt/115% Times New Roman, Times, Serif">By:</font></td>
    <td style="vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: black 1pt solid; font-size: 7.5pt; line-height: 115%">&nbsp;</td>
    <td style="vertical-align: top; border-bottom: black 1pt solid; text-align: center; font-size: 11pt; line-height: 115%"><font style="font: 10pt/115% Times New Roman, Times, Serif">/</font><font style="font: 7.5pt/115% Times New Roman, Times, Serif">S</font><font style="font: 10pt/115% Times New Roman, Times, Serif">/&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Christopher E. Herald&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</font></td></tr>
<tr>
    <td style="vertical-align: top; font-size: 11pt; line-height: 115%">&nbsp;</td>
    <td style="vertical-align: bottom; font-size: 7.5pt; line-height: 115%">&nbsp;</td>
    <td style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: center; font-size: 7.5pt; line-height: 115%"><font style="font: 7.5pt/115% Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><b>Christopher E. Herald</b></font></td></tr>
<tr>
    <td style="vertical-align: top; font-size: 11pt; line-height: 115%">&nbsp;</td>
    <td style="vertical-align: bottom; font-size: 7.5pt; line-height: 115%">&nbsp;</td>
    <td style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: center; font-size: 7.5pt; line-height: 115%"><font style="font: 7.5pt/115% Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><b>President and Chief Executive Officer</b></font></td></tr>
</table>
<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0.25in 0 0; text-align: center"></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 9pt 0 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

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    <DIV STYLE="page-break-before: always; margin-top: 6pt; margin-bottom: 6pt"><TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><TR><TD STYLE="text-align: center; width: 100%">&nbsp;</TD></TR></TABLE></DIV>
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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 9pt 0 0; text-align: justify"></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 9pt 0 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">Pursuant to the
requirements of the Securities Act of 1933, this registration statement has been signed by the following persons in the capacities
and on the dates indicated.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 9pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="width: 100%; font-family: Calibri, Helvetica, Sans-Serif">
<tr>
    <td style="width: 46%; padding-bottom: 10pt; font-size: 11pt; line-height: 115%">&nbsp;</td>
    <td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 10pt; font-size: 11pt; line-height: 115%">&nbsp;</td>
    <td style="width: 34%; padding-bottom: 10pt; font-size: 11pt; line-height: 115%">&nbsp;</td>
    <td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 10pt; font-size: 11pt; line-height: 115%">&nbsp;</td>
    <td style="width: 18%; padding-bottom: 10pt; font-size: 11pt; line-height: 115%">&nbsp;</td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td nowrap>
        <P STYLE="font: 7.5pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; margin-right: 0; margin-left: 0; border-bottom: black 0.75pt solid"><b>Signature</b></P></td>
    <td style="padding-bottom: 10pt; font-size: 7.5pt; line-height: 115%">&nbsp;</td>
    <td>
        <P STYLE="font: 7.5pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; margin-right: 0; margin-left: 0; border-bottom: black 0.75pt solid"><b>Capacity</b></P></td>
    <td style="padding-bottom: 10pt; font-size: 7.5pt; line-height: 115%">&nbsp;</td>
    <td>
        <P STYLE="font: 7.5pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; margin-right: 0; margin-left: 0; border-bottom: black 0.75pt solid"><b>Date</b></P></td></tr>
<tr>
    <td style="padding-bottom: 10pt; font-size: 11pt; line-height: 115%">&nbsp;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="padding-bottom: 10pt; font-size: 11pt; line-height: 115%">&nbsp;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="padding-bottom: 10pt; font-size: 11pt; line-height: 115%">&nbsp;</td></tr>
<tr>
    <td style="vertical-align: top">
        <P STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: center; border-bottom: black 0.75pt solid"><font style="font-size: 10pt">/</font><font style="font-size: 7.5pt">S</font><font style="font-size: 10pt">/&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;C</font><font style="font-size: 7.5pt">HRISTOPHER</font><font style="font-size: 10pt">
        E. H</font><font style="font-size: 7.5pt">ERALD</font><font style="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</font></P>
        <P STYLE="font: 7.5pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 0.75pt; text-align: center"><b>Christopher E. Herald</b></P></td>
    <td style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 10pt; font-size: 7.5pt; line-height: 115%">&nbsp;</td>
    <td style="vertical-align: top; padding-bottom: 10pt; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%"><font style="font: 10pt/115% Times New Roman, Times, Serif">President, Chief Executive Officer and Director (Principal Executive Officer)</font></td>
    <td style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 10pt; font-size: 7.5pt; line-height: 115%">&nbsp;</td>
    <td nowrap style="vertical-align: top; padding-bottom: 10pt; text-align: center; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%"><font style="font: 10pt/115% Times New Roman, Times, Serif">April 21, 2014</font></td></tr>
<tr>
    <td style="padding-bottom: 10pt; font-size: 11pt; line-height: 115%">&nbsp;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="padding-bottom: 10pt; font-size: 11pt; line-height: 115%">&nbsp;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="padding-bottom: 10pt; font-size: 11pt; line-height: 115%">&nbsp;</td></tr>
<tr>
    <td style="vertical-align: top">
        <P STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: center; border-bottom: black 0.75pt solid"><font style="font-size: 10pt">/</font><font style="font-size: 7.5pt">S</font><font style="font-size: 10pt">/&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;J</font><font style="font-size: 7.5pt">AMES</font><font style="font-size: 10pt">
        R. M</font><font style="font-size: 7.5pt">ARONICK&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</font></P>
        <P STYLE="font: 7.5pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 0.75pt; text-align: center"><b>James R. Maronick</b></P></td>
    <td style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 10pt; font-size: 7.5pt; line-height: 115%">&nbsp;</td>
    <td style="vertical-align: top; padding-bottom: 10pt; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%"><font style="font: 10pt/115% Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Chief Financial Officer (Principal Financial Officer and Principal Accounting Officer)</font></td>
    <td style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 10pt; font-size: 7.5pt; line-height: 115%">&nbsp;</td>
    <td nowrap style="vertical-align: top; padding-bottom: 10pt; text-align: center; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%"><font style="font: 10pt/115% Times New Roman, Times, Serif">April 21, 2014</font></td></tr>
<tr>
    <td style="padding-bottom: 10pt; font-size: 11pt; line-height: 115%">&nbsp;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="padding-bottom: 10pt; font-size: 11pt; line-height: 115%">&nbsp;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="padding-bottom: 10pt; font-size: 11pt; line-height: 115%">&nbsp;</td></tr>
<tr>
    <td style="vertical-align: top">
        <P STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: center; border-bottom: black 0.75pt solid"><font style="font-size: 10pt">/</font><font style="font-size: 7.5pt">S</font><font style="font-size: 10pt">/&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(1) M</font><font style="font-size: 7.5pt">ARK</font><font style="font-size: 10pt">
        E. J</font><font style="font-size: 7.5pt">ONES, </font><font style="font-size: 10pt">III</font><font style="font-size: 7.5pt">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</font></P>
        <P STYLE="font: 7.5pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 0.75pt; text-align: center"><b>Mark E. Jones, III</b></P></td>
    <td style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 10pt; font-size: 7.5pt; line-height: 115%">&nbsp;</td>
    <td style="vertical-align: top; padding-bottom: 10pt; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%"><font style="font: 10pt/115% Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Director</font></td>
    <td style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 10pt; font-size: 7.5pt; line-height: 115%">&nbsp;</td>
    <td nowrap style="vertical-align: top; padding-bottom: 10pt; text-align: center; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%"><font style="font: 10pt/115% Times New Roman, Times, Serif">April 21, 2014</font></td></tr>
<tr>
    <td style="padding-bottom: 10pt; font-size: 11pt; line-height: 115%">&nbsp;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="padding-bottom: 10pt; font-size: 11pt; line-height: 115%">&nbsp;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="padding-bottom: 10pt; font-size: 11pt; line-height: 115%">&nbsp;</td></tr>
<tr>
    <td style="vertical-align: top">
        <P STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: center; border-bottom: black 0.75pt solid"><font style="font-size: 10pt">/</font><font style="font-size: 7.5pt">S</font><font style="font-size: 10pt">/&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(1) B</font><font style="font-size: 7.5pt">RIAN</font><font style="font-size: 10pt">
        L</font><font style="font-size: 7.5pt">ABADIE&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</font></P>
        <P STYLE="font: 7.5pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 0.75pt; text-align: center"><b>Brian Labadie</b></P></td>
    <td style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 10pt; font-size: 7.5pt; line-height: 115%">&nbsp;</td>
    <td style="vertical-align: top; padding-bottom: 10pt; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%"><font style="font: 10pt/115% Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Director</font></td>
    <td style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 10pt; font-size: 7.5pt; line-height: 115%">&nbsp;</td>
    <td nowrap style="vertical-align: top; padding-bottom: 10pt; text-align: center; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%"><font style="font: 10pt/115% Times New Roman, Times, Serif">April 21, 2014</font></td></tr>
<tr>
    <td style="padding-bottom: 10pt; font-size: 11pt; line-height: 115%">&nbsp;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="padding-bottom: 10pt; font-size: 11pt; line-height: 115%">&nbsp;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="padding-bottom: 10pt; font-size: 11pt; line-height: 115%">&nbsp;</td></tr>
<tr>
    <td style="vertical-align: top">
        <P STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: center; border-bottom: black 0.75pt solid"><font style="font-size: 10pt">/</font><font style="font-size: 7.5pt">S</font><font style="font-size: 10pt">/&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(1) L</font><font style="font-size: 7.5pt">EONARD</font><font style="font-size: 10pt">
        H</font><font style="font-size: 7.5pt">ARRIS&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</font></P>
        <P STYLE="font: 7.5pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 0.75pt; text-align: center"><b>Leonard Harris</b></P></td>
    <td style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 10pt; font-size: 7.5pt; line-height: 115%">&nbsp;</td>
    <td style="vertical-align: top; padding-bottom: 10pt; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%"><font style="font: 10pt/115% Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Director</font></td>
    <td style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 10pt; font-size: 7.5pt; line-height: 115%">&nbsp;</td>
    <td nowrap style="vertical-align: top; padding-bottom: 10pt; text-align: center; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%"><font style="font: 10pt/115% Times New Roman, Times, Serif">April 21, 2014</font></td></tr>
<tr>
    <td style="padding-bottom: 10pt; font-size: 11pt; line-height: 115%">&nbsp;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="padding-bottom: 10pt; font-size: 11pt; line-height: 115%">&nbsp;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="padding-bottom: 10pt; font-size: 11pt; line-height: 115%">&nbsp;</td></tr>
<tr>
    <td style="vertical-align: top">
        <P STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: center; border-bottom: black 0.75pt solid"><font style="font-size: 10pt">/</font><font style="font-size: 7.5pt">S</font><font style="font-size: 10pt">/&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(1) J</font><font style="font-size: 7.5pt">OHN</font><font style="font-size: 10pt">
        H</font><font style="font-size: 7.5pt">AINEY&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</font></P>
        <P STYLE="font: 7.5pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 0.75pt; text-align: center"><b>John Hainey</b></P></td>
    <td style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 10pt; font-size: 7.5pt; line-height: 115%">&nbsp;</td>
    <td style="vertical-align: top; padding-bottom: 10pt; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%"><font style="font: 10pt/115% Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Director</font></td>
    <td style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 10pt; font-size: 7.5pt; line-height: 115%">&nbsp;</td>
    <td nowrap style="vertical-align: top; padding-bottom: 10pt; text-align: center; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%"><font style="font: 10pt/115% Times New Roman, Times, Serif">April 21, 2014</font></td></tr>
</table>
<P STYLE="font: 7.5pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: center">II-5</P>
























































































































































































<HR SIZE="3" NOSHADE ALIGN="CENTER" STYLE="width: 100%; color: #999999">

<P STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-right: 0; margin-left: 0"></P>

<P STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-right: 0; margin-left: 0"></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0">(1) By: <U>/s/ James R. Maronick</U></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-indent: 0.5in">James
R. Maronick</P>

<P STYLE="margin: 0">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
Attorney in Fact<FONT STYLE="font: 10pt/115% Calibri, Helvetica, Sans-Serif"> </FONT></P>



<P STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-right: 0; margin-left: 0"></P>

<P STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-right: 0; margin-left: 0">Table of Contents</P>


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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: center"><B>EXHIBIT INDEX </B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 9pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="width: 100%; font-family: Calibri, Helvetica, Sans-Serif">
<tr>
    <td style="padding-bottom: 10pt; font-size: 11pt; line-height: 115%">&nbsp;</td>
    <td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 5%; padding-bottom: 10pt; font-size: 11pt; line-height: 115%">&nbsp;</td>
    <td style="width: 87%; padding-bottom: 10pt; font-size: 11pt; line-height: 115%">&nbsp;</td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td nowrap>
        <P STYLE="font: 7.5pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; border-bottom: black 0.75pt solid"><b>Exhibit&nbsp;No.</b></P></td>
    <td style="font-size: 7.5pt; line-height: 115%">&nbsp;</td>
    <td>
        <P STYLE="font: 7.5pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; border-bottom: black 0.75pt solid"><b>Description</b></P></td></tr>
<tr>
    <td style="font-size: 11pt; line-height: 115%">&nbsp;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="font-size: 11pt; line-height: 115%">&nbsp;</td></tr>
<tr>
    <td style="vertical-align: top; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;&nbsp;1.1*</font></td>
    <td style="vertical-align: bottom; font-size: 7.5pt; line-height: 115%">&nbsp;</td>
    <td style="vertical-align: bottom; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Form of Underwriting Agreement</font></td></tr>
<tr>
    <td style="font-size: 11pt; line-height: 115%">&nbsp;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="font-size: 11pt; line-height: 115%">&nbsp;</td></tr>
<tr>
    <td style="vertical-align: top; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;&nbsp;4.1#</font></td>
    <td style="vertical-align: bottom; font-size: 7.5pt; line-height: 115%">&nbsp;</td>
    <td style="vertical-align: bottom; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Form of Indenture for Senior Debt Securities</font></td></tr>
<tr>
    <td style="font-size: 11pt; line-height: 115%">&nbsp;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="font-size: 11pt; line-height: 115%">&nbsp;</td></tr>
<tr>
    <td style="vertical-align: top; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;&nbsp;4.2</font>#</td>
    <td style="vertical-align: bottom; font-size: 7.5pt; line-height: 115%">&nbsp;</td>
    <td style="vertical-align: bottom; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Form of Senior Debt Security (included in Exhibit 4.1 hereto)</font></td></tr>
<tr>
    <td style="font-size: 11pt; line-height: 115%">&nbsp;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="font-size: 11pt; line-height: 115%">&nbsp;</td></tr>
<tr>
    <td style="vertical-align: top; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;&nbsp;4.3#</font></td>
    <td style="vertical-align: bottom; font-size: 7.5pt; line-height: 115%">&nbsp;</td>
    <td style="vertical-align: bottom; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Form of Indenture for Subordinated Debt Securities</font></td></tr>
<tr>
    <td style="font-size: 11pt; line-height: 115%">&nbsp;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="font-size: 11pt; line-height: 115%">&nbsp;</td></tr>
<tr>
    <td style="vertical-align: top; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;&nbsp;4.4#</font></td>
    <td style="vertical-align: bottom; font-size: 7.5pt; line-height: 115%">&nbsp;</td>
    <td style="vertical-align: bottom; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Form of Subordinated Debt Security (included in Exhibit 4.3 hereto)</font></td></tr>
<tr>
    <td style="font-size: 11pt; line-height: 115%">&nbsp;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="font-size: 11pt; line-height: 115%">&nbsp;</td></tr>
<tr>
    <td style="vertical-align: top; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;&nbsp;4.5</font></td>
    <td style="vertical-align: bottom; font-size: 7.5pt; line-height: 115%">&nbsp;</td>
    <td style="vertical-align: bottom; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Form of Common Stock Certificate (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.1 to Solitario&rsquo;s Form 10-Q filed on August 7, 2008) (File No. 001-32978)</font></td></tr>
<tr>
    <td style="font-size: 11pt; line-height: 115%">&nbsp;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="font-size: 11pt; line-height: 115%">&nbsp;</td></tr>
<tr>
    <td style="vertical-align: top; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;&nbsp;4.6*</font></td>
    <td style="vertical-align: bottom; font-size: 7.5pt; line-height: 115%">&nbsp;</td>
    <td style="vertical-align: bottom; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Form of Articles of Amendment to the Amended and Restated Articles of Incorporation, as amended, to State Terms of Series of Preferred Stock</font></td></tr>
<tr>
    <td style="font-size: 11pt; line-height: 115%">&nbsp;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="font-size: 11pt; line-height: 115%">&nbsp;</td></tr>
<tr>
    <td style="vertical-align: top; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;&nbsp;4.7*</font></td>
    <td style="vertical-align: bottom; font-size: 7.5pt; line-height: 115%">&nbsp;</td>
    <td style="vertical-align: bottom; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Form of Preferred Stock Certificate</font></td></tr>
<tr>
    <td style="font-size: 11pt; line-height: 115%">&nbsp;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="font-size: 11pt; line-height: 115%">&nbsp;</td></tr>
<tr>
    <td style="vertical-align: top; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;&nbsp;4.8*</font></td>
    <td style="vertical-align: bottom; font-size: 7.5pt; line-height: 115%">&nbsp;</td>
    <td style="vertical-align: bottom; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Form of Warrant Agreement</font></td></tr>
<tr>
    <td style="font-size: 11pt; line-height: 115%">&nbsp;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="font-size: 11pt; line-height: 115%">&nbsp;</td></tr>
<tr>
    <td style="vertical-align: top; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;&nbsp;4.9*</font></td>
    <td style="vertical-align: bottom; font-size: 7.5pt; line-height: 115%">&nbsp;</td>
    <td style="vertical-align: bottom; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Form of Warrant Certificate</font></td></tr>
<tr>
    <td style="font-size: 11pt; line-height: 115%">&nbsp;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="font-size: 11pt; line-height: 115%">&nbsp;</td></tr>
<tr>
    <td style="vertical-align: top; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;&nbsp;4.10*</font></td>
    <td style="vertical-align: bottom; font-size: 7.5pt; line-height: 115%">&nbsp;</td>
    <td style="vertical-align: bottom; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Form of Unit Agreement</font></td></tr>
<tr>
    <td style="font-size: 11pt; line-height: 115%">&nbsp;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="font-size: 11pt; line-height: 115%">&nbsp;</td></tr>
<tr>
    <td style="vertical-align: top; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;&nbsp;4.11*</font></td>
    <td style="vertical-align: bottom; font-size: 7.5pt; line-height: 115%">&nbsp;</td>
    <td style="vertical-align: bottom; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Form of Unit Certificate</font></td></tr>
<tr>
    <td style="font-size: 11pt; line-height: 115%">&nbsp;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="font-size: 11pt; line-height: 115%">&nbsp;</td></tr>
<tr>
    <td style="vertical-align: top; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;&nbsp;5.1</font></td>
    <td style="vertical-align: bottom; font-size: 7.5pt; line-height: 115%">&nbsp;</td>
    <td style="vertical-align: bottom; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Opinion of Polsinelli PC as to the legality of the Securities being registered</font></td></tr>
<tr>
    <td style="font-size: 11pt; line-height: 115%">&nbsp;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="font-size: 11pt; line-height: 115%">&nbsp;</td></tr>
<tr>
    <td style="vertical-align: top; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">12.1*</font></td>
    <td style="vertical-align: bottom; font-size: 7.5pt; line-height: 115%">&nbsp;</td>
    <td style="vertical-align: bottom; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Computation of Ratios of Earnings to Fixed Charges</font></td></tr>
<tr>
    <td style="font-size: 11pt; line-height: 115%">&nbsp;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="font-size: 11pt; line-height: 115%">&nbsp;</td></tr>
<tr>
    <td style="vertical-align: top; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">23.1</font>#</td>
    <td style="vertical-align: bottom; font-size: 7.5pt; line-height: 115%">&nbsp;</td>
    <td style="vertical-align: bottom; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Consent of EKS&amp;H LLLP</font></td></tr>
<tr>
    <td style="font-size: 11pt; line-height: 115%">&nbsp;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="font-size: 11pt; line-height: 115%">&nbsp;</td></tr>
<tr>
    <td style="vertical-align: top; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">23.2</font></td>
    <td style="vertical-align: bottom; font-size: 7.5pt; line-height: 115%">&nbsp;</td>
    <td style="vertical-align: bottom; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Consent of &nbsp;Polsinelli (included in Exhibit 5.1 hereto)</font></td></tr>
<tr>
    <td style="vertical-align: top; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%">&nbsp;</td>
    <td style="vertical-align: bottom; font-size: 7.5pt; line-height: 115%">&nbsp;</td>
    <td style="vertical-align: bottom; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%">&nbsp;</td></tr>
<tr>
    <td style="vertical-align: top; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">23.3#</font></td>
    <td style="vertical-align: bottom; font-size: 7.5pt; line-height: 115%">&nbsp;</td>
    <td style="vertical-align: bottom; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Consent of SRK Consulting (US), Inc.</font></td></tr>
<tr>
    <td style="font-size: 11pt; line-height: 115%">&nbsp;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="font-size: 11pt; line-height: 115%">&nbsp;</td></tr>
<tr>
    <td style="vertical-align: top; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">24.1#</font></td>
    <td style="vertical-align: bottom; font-size: 7.5pt; line-height: 115%">&nbsp;</td>
    <td style="vertical-align: bottom; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Power of Attorney </font></td></tr>
<tr>
    <td style="font-size: 11pt; line-height: 115%">&nbsp;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="font-size: 11pt; line-height: 115%">&nbsp;</td></tr>
<tr>
    <td style="vertical-align: top; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">25.1*</font></td>
    <td style="vertical-align: bottom; font-size: 7.5pt; line-height: 115%">&nbsp;</td>
    <td style="vertical-align: bottom; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Form T-1 Statement of Eligibility of Trustee for Senior Indenture under the Trust Indenture Act of 1939</font></td></tr>
<tr>
    <td style="font-size: 11pt; line-height: 115%">&nbsp;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="font-size: 11pt; line-height: 115%">&nbsp;</td></tr>
<tr>
    <td style="vertical-align: top; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">25.2*</font></td>
    <td style="vertical-align: bottom; font-size: 7.5pt; line-height: 115%">&nbsp;</td>
    <td style="vertical-align: bottom; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Form T-1 Statement of Eligibility of Trustee for Subordinated Indenture under the Trust Indenture Act of 1939</font></td></tr>
<tr>
    <td style="vertical-align: top; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%">&nbsp;</td>
    <td style="vertical-align: bottom; font-size: 7.5pt; line-height: 115%">&nbsp;</td>
    <td style="vertical-align: bottom; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%">&nbsp;</td></tr>
</table>
<P STYLE="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 1.5pt; text-indent: 0.5in; border-bottom: black 0.5pt solid">&nbsp;&#9;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 11pt/115% Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 10pt"></P>



<P STYLE="margin: 0"></P>

<TABLE CELLSPACING="0" CELLPADDING="0" STYLE="width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse">
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="width: 2%; padding-bottom: 10pt; font: 10pt/115% Calibri, Helvetica, Sans-Serif"><FONT STYLE="font: 10pt/115% Times New Roman, Times, Serif">*</FONT></TD>
    <TD>
        <P STYLE="font: 10pt/115% Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 10pt">To be filed by amendment or as an exhibit to a document
        to be incorporated or deemed to be incorporated by reference in this registration statement, including a current report on Form
        8-K.</P>
        <P STYLE="font: 11pt/115% Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 10pt">&nbsp;</P></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt/115% Calibri, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; padding-bottom: 10pt"><FONT STYLE="font: 10pt/115% Times New Roman, Times, Serif">#&nbsp;&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 10pt; font: 10pt/115% Calibri, Helvetica, Sans-Serif"><FONT STYLE="font: 10pt/115% Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Previously filed.&nbsp;&nbsp;</FONT></TD></TR>
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<DOCUMENT>
<TYPE>EX-5.1
<SEQUENCE>2
<FILENAME>exh51.htm
<DESCRIPTION>APRIL 18, 2014
<TEXT>
<HTML>
<HEAD>
     <TITLE></TITLE>
</HEAD>
<BODY STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">

<P STYLE="margin: 0"></P>

<P STYLE="font: 11.5pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 9pt 0 0; text-align: right">Exhibit 5.1</P>

<P STYLE="font: 11.5pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 9pt 0 0; text-align: center">April 21, 2014</P>

<P STYLE="font: 11.5pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 11.5pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 9pt 0 0; text-align: justify">Solitario Exploration &amp; Royalty
Corp.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 11.5pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">4251 Kipling Street, Suite 390</P>

<P STYLE="font: 11.5pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">Wheat Ridge, Colorado 80033</P>

<P STYLE="font: 11.5pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 9pt 0 0; text-align: justify">Ladies and Gentlemen:</P>

<P STYLE="font: 11.5pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 9pt 0 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 24.5pt">&#9;This opinion
letter is furnished to you in connection with your filing of a Registration Statement on Form S-3 (as amended or supplemented,
the &ldquo;Registration Statement&rdquo;) pursuant to the Securities Act of 1933, as amended (the &ldquo;Securities Act&rdquo;),
relating to the registration of up to $75,000,000 of any combination of (i)&nbsp;shares of common stock, par value $0.01 per share
(the &ldquo;Common Stock&rdquo;), of Solitario Exploration &amp; Royalty Corp., a Colorado corporation (the &ldquo;Company&rdquo;),
(ii)&nbsp;shares of preferred stock, par value $0.01 per share, of the Company (the &ldquo;Preferred Stock&rdquo;), (iii)&nbsp;debt
securities of the Company (the &ldquo;Debt Securities&rdquo;), (iv)&nbsp;warrants to purchase shares of Common Stock or Preferred
Stock and/or Debt Securities (the &ldquo;Warrants&rdquo;), and (v)&nbsp;units comprised of shares of Common Stock and/or Preferred
Stock, Warrants, Debt Securities and/or other securities of the Company, in any combination (the &ldquo;Units&rdquo;). The Common
Stock, Preferred Stock, Debt Securities, Warrants and Units are sometimes referred to collectively herein as the &ldquo;Securities.&rdquo;
Securities may be issued in an unspecified number (with respect to Common Stock, Preferred Stock, Warrants and Units) or in an
unspecified principal amount (with respect to Debt Securities and Warrants). The Registration Statement provides that the Securities
may be offered separately or together, in separate series, in amounts, at prices and on terms to be set forth in one or more prospectus
supplements (each a &ldquo;Prospectus Supplement&rdquo;) to the prospectus contained in the Registration Statement.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 11.5pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 9pt 0 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 24.5pt">&#9;We have reviewed
such matters of law, made such inquiries and reviewed such documents and records as we have deemed necessary or appropriate to
enable us to express the opinions set forth in this letter. In addition, we have examined and relied upon representations, statements
or certificates of public officials and officers and representatives of the Company. In expressing the opinions set forth below,
we have assumed, with your consent, that all documents submitted to us as originals are authentic, all documents submitted to us
as certified or photostatic copies conform to the original documents, and all signatures on all documents submitted to us for examination
are genuine and made by natural persons with legal capacity.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 11.5pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 9pt 0 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 24.5pt"></P>

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    <DIV STYLE="page-break-before: always; margin-top: 6pt; margin-bottom: 6pt"><TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><TR><TD STYLE="text-align: center; width: 100%">&nbsp;</TD></TR></TABLE></DIV>
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<P STYLE="font: 11.5pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 9pt 0 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 24.5pt"></P>

<P STYLE="font: 11.5pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 9pt 0 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 24.5pt">&#9;We render
no opinion herein as to matters involving the laws of any jurisdiction other than: (i) the State of Colorado: (ii) the State of
New York, but solely with respect to the form of Indenture for Senior Debt Securities filed as Exhibit 4.1 to the Registration
Statement, and the form of Indenture for Junior Debt Securities filed as Exhibit 4.3 to the Registration Statement; and (iii)
the federal securities laws of the United States of America. This opinion is limited to the facts as they presently exist and the effect of the present state of the laws of the State of Colorado, the State of New York, and the federal
securities laws of the United States of America. We assume no obligation to revise or supplement this opinion letter in the event
of future changes in such laws or the interpretations thereof or such facts. We express no opinion as to the application of the
securities or blue sky laws of any states with respect to the offer or sale of the Securities. Without limiting the generality
of the foregoing, except as set forth herein, we express no opinion in connection with the matters contemplated by the Registration
Statement, and no opinion may be implied or inferred, except as expressly set forth herein.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 11.5pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 9pt 0 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 24.5pt">&#9;For purposes
of the opinions expressed below, without limiting any other exceptions or qualifications set forth herein, we have assumed that
(i) after the issuance of any Securities offered pursuant to the Registration Statement, the total number of issued shares of Common
Stock or Preferred Stock, as applicable, together with the total number of shares of such stock reserved for issuance upon the
exercise, exchange, conversion or settlement, as the case may be, of any exercisable, exchangeable or convertible security, as
the case may be, then outstanding, will not exceed the total number of authorized shares of Common Stock or Preferred Stock, as
applicable, under the Company&rsquo;s Amended and Restated Articles of Incorporation, as amended and then in effect (the &ldquo;Articles&rdquo;),
and (ii) the Registration Statement (including all necessary post-effective amendments) has been declared effective by order of
the Securities and Exchange Commission (the &ldquo;SEC&rdquo;).</P>

<P STYLE="font: 11.5pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 9pt 0 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 24.5pt">For purposes of
the opinions expressed below, we refer to the following as the &ldquo;Future Authorization and Issuance&rdquo; of Securities:</P>

<P STYLE="font: 11.5pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLSPACING="0" CELLPADDING="0" STYLE="width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse; font-size: 11.5pt">
<TR>
    <TD STYLE="width: 9%; padding-bottom: 10pt; text-align: justify; font-family: Calibri, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; line-height: 115%">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: top; width: 3%; padding-bottom: 10pt; text-align: justify; font-family: Calibri, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; line-height: 115%"><FONT STYLE="font: 11.5pt/115% Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&bull;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: top; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 10pt; text-align: justify; font-family: Calibri, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; line-height: 115%">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: top; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 11.5pt">with respect to any of the Securities, (i)&nbsp;the appropriate and proper authorization by the Company of the terms and issuance of such Securities, including the consideration to be received for such Securities, in accordance with the Articles and applicable law (the &ldquo;Authorization&rdquo;), and (ii)&nbsp;the issuance of such Securities in accordance with the Authorization upon the receipt by the Company of the consideration (which, in the case of shares of Common Stock or Preferred Stock, is not less than the par value of such shares) to be paid therefor in accordance with the Authorization; </FONT></TD></TR>
</TABLE>
<P STYLE="font: 11.5pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLSPACING="0" CELLPADDING="0" STYLE="font: 11.5pt Calibri, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse">
<TR>
    <TD STYLE="width: 9%; padding-bottom: 10pt; text-align: justify; line-height: 115%">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: top; width: 2%; padding-bottom: 10pt; text-align: justify; line-height: 115%"><FONT STYLE="font: 11.5pt/115% Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&bull;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: top; width: 2%; padding-bottom: 10pt; text-align: justify; line-height: 115%">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: top; width: 87%; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 11.5pt">with respect to Preferred Stock, (i)&nbsp;the establishment of the terms, rights and preferences of such Preferred Stock by the Company in accordance with the Articles and applicable law, and (ii)&nbsp;the execution, acknowledgement and filing with the Colorado Secretary of State, and the effectiveness of, an amendment to the Articles setting forth the terms, rights and preferences of such Preferred Stock in accordance with the Articles and applicable law; </FONT></TD></TR>
</TABLE>
<P STYLE="font: 11.5pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"></P>



<P STYLE="font: 11.5pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLSPACING="0" CELLPADDING="0" STYLE="font: 11.5pt Calibri, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse">
<TR>
    <TD STYLE="width: 9%; padding-bottom: 10pt; text-align: justify; line-height: 115%">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: top; width: 3%; padding-bottom: 10pt; text-align: justify; line-height: 115%"><FONT STYLE="font: 11.5pt/115% Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&bull;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: top; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 10pt; text-align: justify; line-height: 115%">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: top; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 11.5pt">with respect to Debt Securities, (i)&nbsp;the authorization, execution and delivery of the indenture or a supplemental indenture relating to such Securities by the Company and the trustee thereunder, (ii)&nbsp;the establishment of the terms of such Securities by the Company in accordance with the applicable indenture or supplemental indenture and applicable law, and (iii)&nbsp;the execution, authentication and issuance of such Debt Securities in accordance with the applicable indenture or supplemental indenture and applicable law; and </FONT></TD></TR>
</TABLE>
<P STYLE="font: 11.5pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"></P>

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    <DIV STYLE="page-break-before: always; margin-top: 6pt; margin-bottom: 6pt"><TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><TR><TD STYLE="text-align: center; width: 100%">&nbsp;</TD></TR></TABLE></DIV>
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<P STYLE="font: 11.5pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLSPACING="0" CELLPADDING="0" STYLE="font: 11.5pt Calibri, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse">
<TR>
    <TD STYLE="width: 9%; padding-bottom: 10pt; text-align: justify; line-height: 115%">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: top; width: 3%; padding-bottom: 10pt; text-align: justify; line-height: 115%"><FONT STYLE="font: 11.5pt/115% Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&bull;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: top; width: 1%; padding-bottom: 10pt; text-align: justify; line-height: 115%">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: top; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 11.5pt">with respect to Warrants and/or Units, (i)&nbsp;the authorization, execution and delivery by the Company and the other parties thereto of any agreement under which such Securities are to be issued, and (ii)&nbsp;the establishment of the terms of such Warrants and/or Units by the Company, and the execution, issuance and delivery of such Securities, in accordance with any applicable agreement under which such Securities are to be issued and applicable law. </FONT></TD></TR>
</TABLE>
<P STYLE="font: 11.5pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 9pt 0 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 24.5pt">Based upon the
foregoing, and subject to the limitations, qualifications and assumptions contained herein, we are of the opinion that:</P>

<P STYLE="font: 11.5pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 9pt 0 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 24.5pt">&#9;1. &#9;Upon
the Future Authorization and Issuance of shares of Common Stock registered on the Registration Statement, such shares of Common
Stock will be validly issued, fully paid and nonassessable.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 11.5pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 9pt 0 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 24.5pt">&#9;2. &#9;Upon
the Future Authorization and Issuance of shares of Preferred Stock registered on the Registration Statement, such shares of Preferred
Stock will be validly issued, fully paid and nonassessable.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 11.5pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 9pt 0 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 24.5pt">&#9;3. &#9;Upon
the Future Authorization and Issuance of Debt Securities registered on the Registration Statement, such Debt Securities will be
valid and legally binding obligations of the Company.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 11.5pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 9pt 0 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 24.5pt">&#9;4. &#9;Upon
the Future Authorization and Issuance of Warrants registered on the Registration Statement, such Warrants will be valid and legally
binding obligations of the Company.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 11.5pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 9pt 0 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 24.5pt">&#9;5. &#9;Upon
the Future Authorization and Issuance of Units registered on the Registration Statement, such Units will be valid and legally binding
obligations of the Company.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 11.5pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 9pt 0 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 24.5pt">&#9;The opinions
expressed above, as they relate to the Debt Securities, and any Warrants or Units that include Debt Securities, are subject to
bankruptcy, insolvency, fraudulent transfer, reorganization, moratorium and other similar laws of general application affecting
the rights and remedies of creditors and to general principles of equity.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 11.5pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 9pt 0 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 24.5pt">&#9;We
hereby consent to the use of this opinion as Exhibit 5.1 to the Registration Statement and to the reference to our name under
the caption &quot;Legal Matters&quot; in the Registration Statement. In giving such consent, we do not thereby admit that we
are in the category of persons whose consent is required under Section 7 of the Securities Act or the rules and regulations
of the SEC thereunder.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 11.5pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"></P>

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    <DIV STYLE="page-break-before: always; margin-top: 6pt; margin-bottom: 6pt"><TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><TR><TD STYLE="text-align: center; width: 100%">&nbsp;</TD></TR></TABLE></DIV>
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<P STYLE="font: 11.5pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLSPACING="0" CELLPADDING="0" STYLE="width: 100%; font-size: 11.5pt">
<TR>
    <TD STYLE="width: 100%">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 10pt; text-align: justify; font-family: Calibri, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; line-height: 115%"><FONT STYLE="font: 11.5pt/115% Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Very truly yours,</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR>
    <TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 10pt; text-align: justify; font-family: Calibri, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; line-height: 115%"><FONT STYLE="font: 11.5pt/115% Times New Roman, Times, Serif">/s/ Polsinelli PC</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD>
        <P STYLE="font: 11.5pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; text-indent: -12pt; margin-right: 0; margin-left: 12pt">&nbsp;</P>
        <P STYLE="font: 11.5pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; margin-right: 0; margin-left: 0">POLSINELLI PC</P></TD></TR>
</TABLE>
<P STYLE="font: 11.5pt/115% Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 10pt; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>



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`
end
</TEXT>
</DOCUMENT>
</SEC-DOCUMENT>
