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Business and Summary of Significant Accounting Policies (Policies)

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2015

1. Business and Summary of Significant Accounting Policies

Recent Developments

Sale of Mt. Hamilton LLC

On August 25, 2015 Solitario Exploration & Royalty Corp. (“Solitario” or the “Company”), along with DHI Minerals (U.S.) Ltd. (“DHI”), sold their combined interests in the Mt. Hamilton gold project (“Mt. Hamilton”) to Waterton Nevada Splitter, LLC (“Waterton”), for total cash proceeds of US$30 million (the “Transaction”) pursuant to a definitive agreement entered into on June 10, 2015 (the “Agreement”). Solitario sold its 80% interest in Mt. Hamilton LLC (“MH-LLC”), a limited liability company which holds 100% of the Mt. Hamilton project assets, and DHI sold its 20% interest in MH-LLC. DHI is a wholly-owned subsidiary of Ely Gold and Minerals, Inc. (“Ely”). Solitario received gross cash proceeds of US$24 million and DHI received gross cash proceeds of US$6 million. Solitario’s costs and fees related to the Transaction, including broker fees and professional service fees, were $439,000. The Transaction was structured as the sale of Solitario’s and DHI’s combined membership interests in MH-LLC. Completion of the Transaction was subject to the satisfaction of various conditions precedent, including the approval of the holders of a majority of Solitario’s outstanding shares of common stock, which was received at Solitario’s annual shareholder meeting on August 14, 2015.

The assets and liabilities as of December 31, 2014 related to MH-LLC and sold in the Transaction are shown as assets and liabilities of discontinued operations on the 2014 consolidated balance sheet as follows:

(in thousands)	December 31,
	2014
Cash and cash equivalents	$ 382
Other current assets	12
Current assets	394
Mineral properties, net	14,641
Other assets	982
Noncurrent assets	15,623
Total assets	$16,017
Accounts payable	$ 201
Deferred revenue	7,000
Total liabilities	$ 7,201

During years ended December 31 2015 and 2014 virtually all of the costs associated with MH-LLC and the assets sold were directly related to the development of the Mt. Hamilton project, which were capitalized to mineral property during all periods. Accordingly, separate presentation of discontinued operations would not have resulted in any material change to the results presented in the consolidated statements of operations for the years ended December 31, 2015 and 2014.

The gain on sale of MH-LLC as of December 31, 2015 is shown in gain on sale of discontinued operations as follows:

(in thousands)	Year ended December 31,
	2015
Proceeds from sale of MH-LLC	$24,000
Net assets and liabilities disposed of	9,998
Non-controlling interest	256
Expenses of sale of MH-LLC	439
Gain on sale of discontinued operations, before tax	13,307
Income tax expense	998
Gain on sale of discontinued operations	$12,309

Income taxes have been allocated between discontinued operations and continuing operations in accordance with ASC No. 740 “Income Taxes” (“ASC 740”). As a result of the anticipated use of available loss carryforwards and expected 2015 tax losses sufficient to offset the gain from the Transaction, Solitario does not expect to have any currently payable income taxes for 2015. See Note 6, “Income Taxes,” below.

Repayment of the RMB Loan

Concurrent with the closing of the Transaction, Solitario paid $5,000,000 plus $7,000 of interest and fees to fully repay the funds Solitario had borrowed pursuant to a facility agreement (the “Facility Agreement”) with RMB Australia Holdings Limited (“RMBAH”) and RMB Resources, Inc., a Delaware corporation (“RMBR”) whereby Solitario had borrowed $5,000,000 from RMBAH (“RMB Loan”). On August 5, 2015, Solitario entered into an agreement with RMBAH to extend the maturity date of the RMB Loan from August 21, 2015 to September 30, 2015 (the “RMB Loan Extension”). In consideration for entering into the RMB Loan Extension, Solitario paid RMBAH an extension fee of $50,000 and agreed to extend the terms of warrants to acquire 1,624,748 shares of Solitario common stock (the “RMB Warrants”) from August 21, 2015 to August 21, 2016. The RMB Warrants were originally issued in August 2012 to RMBAH as partial consideration for financing services provided in connection with the Facility Agreement.

Business and Company formation

Solitario is an exploration stage company at September 30, 2015 under Industry Guide 7, as issued by the United States Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”). Solitario was incorporated in the state of Colorado on November 15, 1984 as a wholly-owned subsidiary of Crown Resources Corporation ("Crown"). In July 1994, Solitario became a publicly traded company on the Toronto Stock Exchange (the "TSX") through its initial public offering. Solitario has been actively involved in mineral exploration since 1993. Solitario’s primary business is to acquire and hold a portfolio of exploration properties and other related assets for future sale or joint venture or to create a royalty prior to the establishment of proven and probable reserves. As a result of the completion of the Transaction, Solitario has shifted its primary focus from the development of the Mt. Hamilton project to Solitario’s historical focus of the acquisition of precious and base metal properties and assets with exploration potential and the development or purchase of royalty interests.

Solitario has recorded revenue in the past from the sale of mineral property and joint venture property payments and the sale of a royalty on its Mt. Hamilton property. Revenues from the sale or joint venture of properties, although significant when they occur, have not been a consistent annual source of revenue and would only occur in the future, if at all, on an infrequent basis.

Financial reporting

The consolidated financial statements include the accounts of Solitario and its wholly-owned subsidiaries and controlled non-wholly-owned subsidiaries. All significant intercompany accounts and transactions have been eliminated in consolidation. The consolidated financial statements are prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America ("generally accepted accounting principles"), and are expressed in US dollars.

Revenue recognition

Solitario records delay rental payments as revenue in the period received. Any payments received for the sale of property interests are recorded as a reduction of the related property's capitalized cost. Proceeds which exceed the capitalized cost of the property without reserves are recognized as revenue. Payments received on the sale of properties with reserves are recognized as revenue to the extent the proceeds exceed the proportionate basis in the assets sold.

Use of estimates

The preparation of financial statements in conformity with generally accepted accounting principles requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements and the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting period. Actual results could differ from those estimates. Some of the more significant estimates included in the preparation of Solitario's financial statements pertain to: (i) Solitario’s investment in cash and cash equivalents; (ii) the recoverability of mineral properties related to its mineral exploration properties and their future exploration potential; (iii) the fair value of Solitario's stock option grants to employees; (iv) the ability of Solitario to realize its deferred tax assets; (v) Solitario's investment in marketable equity securities; (vi) the fair value of Solitario’s liability for warrants Solitario granted to RMBAH upon entering into the Facility Agreement

In performing its activities, Solitario has incurred certain costs for mineral properties. The recovery of these costs is ultimately dependent upon the sale of mineral property interests or the development of economically recoverable ore reserves and the ability of Solitario to obtain the necessary permits and financing to successfully place the properties into production, and upon future profitable operations, none of which is assured.

Cash equivalents

Cash equivalents include investments in highly liquid money-market securities with original maturities of three months or less when purchased. As of December 31, 2015 and 2014 Solitario had concentrations of cash and cash equivalents in excess of federally insured amounts and cash in foreign banks, which are not covered under the federal deposit insurance rules for the United States.

Mineral properties

Solitario expenses all exploration costs incurred on its mineral properties prior to the establishment of proven and probable reserves through the completion of a feasibility study. Initial acquisition costs of its mineral properties are capitalized. Solitario began capitalizing all of its development expenditures on its Mt. Hamilton project, subsequent to the completion of a feasibility study in 2012 through the date of the Transaction. Solitario regularly performs evaluations of its investment in mineral properties to assess the recoverability and/or the residual value of its investments in these assets. All long-lived assets are reviewed for impairment whenever events or circumstances change which indicate the carrying amount of an asset may not be recoverable, utilizing established guidelines based upon undiscounted future net cash flows from the asset or upon the determination that certain exploration properties do not have sufficient potential for economic mineralization.

Derivative instruments

Solitario accounts for its derivative instruments in accordance with ASC 815 "Accounting for Derivative Instruments and Hedging Activities" (“ASC 815”). Solitario has not designated its covered calls as hedging instruments and any changes in the fair market value of the covered calls and its warrants are recognized in the statement of operations in the period of the change.

Fair value

FASB ASC 820, “Fair Value Measurements and Disclosures” (“ASC 820”) establishes a framework for measuring fair value and requires enhanced disclosures about fair value measurements. ASC 820 clarifies that fair value is an exit price, representing the amount that would be received to sell an asset or paid to transfer a liability in an orderly transaction between market participants. For certain of Solitario's financial instruments, including cash and cash equivalents and accounts payable, the carrying amounts approximate fair value due to their short-term maturities. Solitario's marketable equity securities and any covered call options against those marketable equity securities are carried at their estimated fair value based on quoted market prices. See Note 9, “Fair Value of Financial Instruments” below.

Marketable equity securities

Solitario's investments in marketable equity securities are classified as available-for-sale and are carried at fair value, which is based upon quoted prices of the securities owned. Solitario records investments in marketable equity securities as available-for-sale for investments in publicly traded marketable equity securities for which it does not exercise significant control and where Solitario has no representation on the Board of those companies and exercises no control over the management of those companies. The cost of marketable equity securities sold is determined by the specific identification method. Changes in fair value are recorded in accumulated other comprehensive income within shareholders' equity, unless a decline in fair value is considered other than temporary, in which case the decline is recognized as a loss in the consolidated statements of operations.

Foreign exchange

The United States dollar is the functional currency for all of Solitario's foreign subsidiaries. Although Solitario's South American exploration activities have been conducted primarily in Brazil, Peru and Mexico, a portion of the payments under the land, leasehold and exploration agreements of Solitario are denominated in United States dollars. Foreign currency gains and losses are included in the results of operations in the period in which they occur.

Equity method investments

Solitario records its share of income or loss of unconsolidated subsidiaries where it has a significant influence over the unconsolidated subsidiary, under the equity method of accounting, as an increase or decrease in its investment in the unconsolidated subsidiary. Solitario accounted for its investment in Pedra Branca do Mineracao, Ltd. (“PBM”) under the equity method since July 2010, when Anglo Platinum Limited (“Anglo”) earned a 51% interest in PBM. Solitario terminated its interest in PBM during 2015, and has no equity method investments as of December 31, 2015. See Note 2, “Mineral Properties” below.

Income taxes

Solitario accounts for income taxes in accordance with ASC 740, “Accounting for Income Taxes.” Under ASC 740, income taxes are provided for the tax effects of transactions reported in the financial statements and consist of taxes currently due plus deferred taxes related to certain income and expenses recognized in different periods for financial and income tax reporting purposes. Deferred tax assets and liabilities represent the future tax return consequences of those differences, which will either be taxable or deductible when the assets and liabilities are recovered or settled. Deferred taxes are also recognized for operating losses and tax credits that are available to offset future taxable income and income taxes, respectively. A valuation allowance is provided if it is more likely than not that some portion or all of the deferred tax assets will not be realized.

Accounting for uncertainty in income taxes

ASC 740 clarifies the accounting for uncertainty in income taxes recognized in a company's financial statements. ASC 740 prescribes a recognition threshold and measurement attribute for the financial statement recognition and measurement of a tax position taken or expected to be taken in a tax return. ASC 740 also provides guidance on derecognition, classification, interest and penalties, accounting in interim periods, disclosure, and transition. ASC 740 provides that a company's tax position will be considered settled if the taxing authority has completed its examination, the company does not plan to appeal, and it is remote that the taxing authority would reexamine the tax position in the future. These provisions of ASC 740 had no effect on Solitario's financial position or results of operations. See Note 6, “Income Taxes” below.

Earnings per share

The calculation of basic and diluted loss per share is based on the weighted average number of shares of common stock outstanding during the years ended December 31, 2015 and 2014. Potentially dilutive shares related to outstanding common stock options of 40,000 and 3,748,000 for the years ended December 31, 2015 and 2014, respectively, and RMB warrants of 1,624,748 for the years ended December 31, 2015 and 2014 were excluded from the calculation of diluted loss per share because the effects were anti-dilutive.

Employee stock compensation and incentive plans

Solitario classifies all of its stock options as equity options in accordance with the provisions of ASC 718 “Compensation – Stock Compensation”. See Note 10, “Employee Stock Compensation Plans” below.

Recent accounting pronouncements

There are no recent accounting pronouncements, adopted or issued by the FASB during the year ended December 31, 2015 that would have a material impact upon Solitario.