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RELATED-PARTY TRANSACTIONS
 9 Months Ended
Sep. 30, 2024
Related Party Transactions [Abstract]  
RELATED-PARTY TRANSACTIONS ROYALTY LIABILITY - RELATED PARTIES

On December 31, 2014, Cibus Global entered into a Warrant Transfer and Exchange Agreement (Warrant Exchange Agreement) and a related Intellectual Property Security Agreement (IP Security Agreement), pursuant to which certain investors, including certain directors of the Company and entities affiliated with directors of the Company (collectively, Royalty Holders), exchanged warrants issued by Cibus Global in previous financing transactions, for the right to receive future royalty payments (Royalty Payments). The Warrant Exchange Agreement and IP Security Agreement remain in place following the Company’s acquisition of Cibus Global in the Merger Transactions.

Under the Warrant Exchange Agreement, the Royalty Holders are entitled to future Royalty Payments equal to 10 percent of specified Subject Revenues (as defined in the Warrant Exchange Agreement) actually collected, attributable to product sales, license fees, sublicense payments, distribution fees, milestones, maintenance payments, royalties, and distributions to the Company, arising from products or technology developed using or based upon intellectual property rights in RTDS or oligonucleotide directed mutagenesis technology applied in plants, biologicals, animals, and humans, as well as improvements related to such products or technology. Subject Revenues exclude revenues attributable to certain Nucelis product lines (certain applications in microorganisms), amounts received from the sale or disposition of the Company’s assets to the extent the purchaser agrees to be bound by the Warrant Exchange Agreement, fair market value payments for Cibus Global capital stock, and revenues attributable to collaboration and research projects. Royalty Payments are contingent because they are based upon the actual cash amounts constituting Subject Revenues that are collected from the
Company’s customers.

Royalty Payments will not begin until after the first fiscal quarter in which the aggregate Subject Revenues cash inflow during any consecutive 12 month period equals or exceeds $50.0 million, at which point Cibus Global will be obligated to pay all aggregated but unpaid payments under the Warrant Exchange Agreement. As of September 30, 2024, the amount of aggregated, but unpaid, Royalty Payments is $0.6 million.

The initial term of the Warrant Exchange Agreement is 30 years from the date the first Royalty Payment becomes due and may be extended for an additional 30-year term upon written notice and a $100 payment. Pursuant to the IP Security Agreement, Cibus Global’s payment and performance obligations under the Warrant Exchange Agreement are secured by a security interest in substantially all of Cibus Global’s intellectual property.

The Royalty Liability calculation is based on the Company’s current estimates of future Subject Revenues collected by the Company from customers and, in turn, expected Royalty Payments based on these Subject Revenues to be paid to Royalty Holders over the life of the arrangement based on 10 percent of the actual Subject Revenues collected. The Warrant Exchange Agreement is on a cash basis meaning that all Royalty Payments to Royalty Holders in a given period are based on cash actually collected by the Company for Subject Revenues in that period. The Company recorded the Royalty Liability obligation at fair value as of May 31, 2023, in connection with the acquisition of Cibus Global, LLC. The Company will periodically reassess the estimated future Royalty Payments using internal projections and external sources. Any change in estimated future Royalty Payments, resulting from changes in Cibus’ business model and anticipated Subject Revenues, is recognized prospectively as an adjustment to the effective yield as an increase or decrease to interest expense.

As of September 30, 2024, the Royalty Liability reflected an effective yield of 17.8 percent. As of December 31, 2023, the Royalty Liability reflected an effective yield of 21.7 percent.

The Royalty Liability activity is as follows:

In ThousandsRoyalty Liability - Related Parties
Balance as of December 31, 2023$165,252 
Interest expense recognized25,953 
Balance as of September 30, 2024$191,205 
RELATED-PARTY TRANSACTIONS
Cellectis, the Company's largest shareholder prior to the completion of the Merger Transactions, has guaranteed the lease agreement for the Company’s Roseville, Minnesota facility. Cellectis’ guarantee of the Company’s obligations under the lease will terminate at the end of the second consecutive calendar year in which the Company’s tangible net worth exceeds $300 million. The Company agreed to indemnify Cellectis for any obligations incurred by Cellectis under its guaranty of the obligations under the lease, effective upon Cellectis’ ownership falling to 50 percent or less of the Company’s outstanding common stock. This indemnification obligation was triggered in October 2022.

Prior to the Merger Transactions, amounts payable to Cellectis were reported in the Company's condensed consolidated balance sheets as Due to related parties. Beginning with the three months ended June 30, 2023, any amounts payable to Cellectis are included in accrued expenses in the Company's condensed consolidated balance sheets.