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Goodwill and Intangibles
 12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2017
Goodwill and Intangible Assets Disclosure [Abstract]  
Goodwill and Intangibles
Goodwill and Intangibles

Goodwill

The Company records goodwill which represents the excess of the purchase price over the fair value of assets acquired, including other definite-lived intangible assets. Goodwill is reviewed annually for impairment or upon the occurrence of events or changes in circumstances that would more likely than not reduce the fair value of the reporting unit below its carrying amount.

The following table shows the adjustments to goodwill during 2017 and 2016:
Balance at December 31, 2015, as restated
$
149,928

Acquisitions
81,016

Divestitures
—

Reclassifications, adjustments and other
(3,033
)
Translation adjustments
(3,260
)
Balance at December 31, 2016, as restated
$
224,651

Acquisitions
—

Divestitures
(1,854
)
Reclassifications, adjustments and other
181

Translation adjustments
14,325

Balance at December 31, 2017
$
237,303



The reclassification, adjustments and other of $0.2 million and $3.0 million for the years 2017 and 2016 are primarily related to purchase accounting adjustments and a change in the Company’s deferred tax asset in connection with a pre-acquisition tax loss, respectively.

When performing its annual impairment test, the Company compares the fair value of each reporting unit to its carrying amount with the fair values derived most significantly from the market approach, and to a lesser extent, the income approach. Under the market approach, the Company estimates fair value based on market multiples of revenue and earnings derived from comparable publicly-traded companies with similar operating and investment characteristics as the reporting unit. The Company weights the fair value derived from the market approach depending on the level of comparability of these publicly-traded companies to the reporting unit. When market comparables are not meaningful or not available, the Company estimates the fair value of a reporting unit using only the income approach. Under the income approach, the Company estimates the fair value of a reporting unit based on the present value of estimated future cash flows. The Company bases cash flow projections on management’s estimates of revenue growth rates and operating margins, taking into consideration industry and market conditions. The Company bases the discount rate on the weighted-average cost of capital adjusted for the relevant risk associated with business-specific characteristics and the uncertainty related to the reporting unit’s ability to execute on the projected cash flows.

In order to assess the reasonableness of the estimated fair value of the Company’s reporting units, the Company compares the aggregate reporting unit fair value to the Company’s market capitalization on an overall basis and calculates an implied control premium (the excess of the sum of the reporting units’ fair value over the Company’s market capitalization on an overall basis). The Company evaluates the control premium by comparing it to observable control premiums from recent comparable transactions. If the implied control premium is determined to not be reasonable in light of these recent transactions, the Company re-evaluates its reporting unit fair values, which may result in an adjustment to the discount rate and/or other assumptions. This re-evaluation could result in a change to the estimated fair value for certain or all reporting units. If the fair value of a reporting unit exceeds the carrying amount of the net assets assigned to that reporting unit, goodwill is not impaired.

If the fair value of the reporting unit is less than its carrying amount, goodwill is impaired and the excess of the reporting unit’s carrying value over the fair value is recognized as an impairment loss.

There were no goodwill impairment charges recognized during the years ended December 31, 2017, 2016 and 2015.

Other Intangible Assets

The Company’s intangible assets with definite lives consist primarily of technology, capitalized software, trade names, and customer lists and relationships. These intangible assets are being amortized on the straight-line method over the estimated useful lives of the assets. Amortization expense related to intangible assets for the years ended December 31, 2017, 2016 and 2015 was $36.9 million, $43.1 million and $28.3 million, respectively.

The Company recognized impairment charges to its intangible assets of $1.0 million, $11.1 million, and $0.0 million for the years ended December 31, 2017, 2016 and 2015, respectively. The Company includes these impairments within depreciation and amortization in its Consolidated Statements of Operations. The impairments were primarily attributed to continued financial losses, delays in product sales and product development and ultimately, the agreement to terminate SNCR, LLC in 2017.
 
The Company’s intangible assets consist of the following:
 
December 31, 2017
 
Cost
 
Accumulated
Amortization
 
Net
Technology
$
124,799

 
$
(70,608
)
 
$
54,191

Customer lists and relationships
128,170

 
(62,905
)
 
65,265

Capitalized software and patents
19,792

 
(7,115
)
 
12,677

Trade name
2,559

 
(2,525
)
 
34

 
$
275,320

 
$
(143,153
)
 
$
132,167


 
December 31, 2016
 
(Restated)
 
Cost
 
Accumulated
Amortization
 
Net
Technology
$
129,382

 
$
(53,142
)
 
$
76,240

Customer lists and relationships
129,650

 
(49,852
)
 
79,798

Capitalized software and patents
10,589

 
(3,923
)
 
6,666

Trade name
2,523

 
(2,259
)
 
264

 
$
272,144

 
$
(109,176
)
 
$
162,968



Estimated future amortization expense of its intangible assets for the next five years is as follows:
Year ending December 31,
 
2018
$
39,218

2019
31,993

2020
20,561

2021
12,157

2022
10,601

Thereafter
17,637

Total
132,167